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728 CHAPTER 31 19S6 Guide be no interference with the.-moyement of air throughout its entire path from the high velocity nozzles to.tlie front of the theater. The ceiling should be smooth, without projecting beams or obstructing ornamentation. For large theaters, relatively high velocities can be used. These will work satisfac torily if adjustable outlets are used to avoid areas, of local turbulence. In small or medium size theaters, it is sometimes practicable to use side wall or front wall distribution. For the satisfactory operation of such a p 1 ' ` ' ]i ' <D rl ' 1 I 111 Vs \ V wVx' Fig. 17. Small Store Cooling Disthibution A. Rear Wall. High outlet velocity, satisfactory if properly designed; possibility of excessive air motion and drafts if used for wrong application. B. Front Wall. High outlet velocity, results pame as A. C. Front and Rear Wall*. Moderate room air motion, outlet blows should not impinge giving rise to down* drafts in center. D. Center. Moderate air motion, no impingement of air streams. Good results. E. One Side. Moderate room air motion; should blow toward exposed wall. Good results. F. Ceiling. Low room air motion. Good results. Outlets should be selected of sufficient sise to allow for blocking when not located in perfect squares. system during the winter heating period, the returns should preferably be located at the floor level andcnear the front of the theater to prevent cold spots resulting from exposed wall convection or infiltration from exits. For muUi-room buildings diagrams shown in Fig 16 illustrate distribution methods for small rooms with exposed wall, such as offices, hotel (guest) rooms, hospital (patients) rooms, apartments, etc. For a small store the cooling performance of various distribution methods is illustrated in Fig. 17. REFERENCES 1 Ventilation Jets in Room Air Distribution, by H. B. Nottage. Originally sub mitted as a Ph.D. thesis to Case Institute of Technology. (3 volumes) Loan copies available from A.S.H.A.E. Research Laboratory. (a) Volume I: Data and interpretations of tests for ventilation jets discharging horizontally into a large confining space. 131 pages + 67 fig. + 9 tables. (b) Volume II: Appendix A. Survey of the literature on the problems of ventila tion jets and the related fundamentals of turbulent flow. 499 pages incl. figs- (c) aVnodlutmabeleIsI.I: Appendixes B to H. General features of the experimental installa tions, instrumentation, and operations, boundary-layer theory and workenergy treatment. (142 pages.incl. figures). * A.S.H.V.E. Research Report, No. 1476--Air Velocities in Ventilating Jets, by *GA. irL.FTlouwveat(AD.iSsc.Hha.Vrg.Ee. oTf rFaanns-aPcipteionLsin,eVsoiln. 5M9,in1e9s5,3,bpy. G26. 1E).. McElroy (V- S. Bureau of Mines Report of Investigations R. I. 3730. November 1943, p. 19.') Air Distribution 729 `A.S.H.V.E. Research Report No. 1404--Comparative Study of Ventilating Jets from Various Types of Outlets, by Alfred Koestel, Philip Hermann, and G. L. Tuve (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 58, 1950, p. 459). 5 Throw of Air from Slots and Jets, by R. D. Madison and W. R. Elliot (A.S.H.V.E. Journal Section, Heating, Piping & Air Conditioning, November 1946, p. 108). * A.S.H.V.E. Research Report No. 1328--The Discharge of Air from a Long Slot, by Alfred Koestel and G. L. Tuve (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 54, 1948, p. 87). 7 A.S.H.V.E. Research Report, No. 1429--The Control of Air Streams from a Long Slot, by Alfred Koestel and C. Y. Young (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 57, 1951, p. 407). 5 A.S.H.V.E. Research Report No. 1366--Air Streams from Perforated Panels, by Alfred Koestel, Philip Hermann, and G. L. Tuve (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 55, 1949, p. 283). ' A.S.H.V.E. Research Report, No. 1443--Isothermal Ventilation--Jet Funda mentals, by H. B. Nottage, J. G. Slaby and W. P. Gojsza (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 58, 1952, p. 107). 10 Entrainment in Ventilating Jets, unpublished paper (Case Institute of Tech nology). 11 Computation Charts and Theory for Rectangular and Circular Jets, by Harold G. Elrod, Jr. (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 60,,1954, p. 431). a A.S.H.V.E. Research Report No. 1155--The Performance of Stack Heads, by D. W. Nelson, D. H. Krans and A. F. Tuthill (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 46, 1940, p.205). u A.S.H.V.E. Research Report No. 1206--Performance of Stack Heads Equipped with Grilles, by D. W. Nelson, D. H. Lamb and G. E. Smedberg (A.S.H.V.E. Trans actions, Vol. 48, 1942, p. 279). 14 A.S.H.V.E. Research Report No. 1226--Performance of Side OutletB on Hori zontal Ducts, by D. W. Nelson and G. E. Smedberg (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 49, 1943, p. 58). BIBLIOGRAPHY Note: Many theoretical papers on air jets have been published which--though highly interesting and even fascinating to the specialist--are of little value to the practicing engineer. This guide to the literature on air distribution is, therefore, purposely restricted to papers resulting from research sponsored by The American Society op Heating and Air-Conditioning Engineers and other papers of inter est to engineers which are easily accessible to them. For an excellent Survey of the entire literature the reader is referred to Reference 1. A.S.H.A.E. Research Laboratory A.S.H.V.E. Research in Air Distribution and Air Duct Friction, by Cyril Tasker. (A.S.H.V.E. Journal Section, Heating, Pi-ping & Air Conditioning, A'pril 1948, p. 125). - A.S.H.V.E. Research Report--Ventilation Jets in Air Distribution, by H. B. Nottage (See Reference 1). The following papers based on this report have been published: A.8.H.V.E. Reseabcb Report No. 1360--Turbulence--A Fundamental Frontier in Air Distribution, by H. B. Nottage (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 55, 1949, p. 193). A.S.H.V.E. Reseabcb Report No. 1402--A Simple Heated-Thermocouple Anemometer, by H. B. Not" We (A.S.H.V.E. Tbanbactions Vol. 56, 1950, p. 431). , AR.H.VJE. Reseabcb Report No. 1443--Isothermal Ventilation-Jet Fundamentals, by H. B. Nottage, j. G. Slaby, and W. P. Gojsaa (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 58, 1952, p. 107). `S.Ii.V.K. Research Report No. 1441--A V-Wire Direction Probe, by H. B. Nottage, J. G. Slaby. Md W. P. Gojsza (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 58, 1952, p. 79). A.S.H.V.E. Research Report No. 1458--Outlet Turbulence Intensity as a Factor in Isothermal-Jet flow, by H. B. Nottage, J. G. Slaby. and W. P. Gojsza (A.S.H.V.E. Tbanbactions, Vol. 58, 1952, p. 343). _ A.S.H.V.E, Research Report No. 1481--A Smoke-Filament Technique for Experimental Research in Air Distribution, by H. B. Nottage, J. G. Slaby, and W. P. Gojsza (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 1952, p. 399). w Ac-fI-V.E. Research Report No. 1459--Exploration of a Chilled Jet, by H. B. Nottage, J. G. Slaby, and " F- Gojsza (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 58. 1952, p. 357). k.S-H.A.E. Cooperative Research at Case Institute of Technology t A.S.H.V.E. Research Report No. 1140--The Use of Air Velocity Meteis, by G. L. Tuve, D. K. Wright, * and L. J. Seigel (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 45,1939, p. 645). A.S.H.V.E. Research Refobt No. 1162--Air Flow Measurements at Intake and Discharge Openings *<w Grilles, by G. L. Tuve and D. K. Wright, Jr. (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 46,1940, p. 313).