Document bRG4ByybZYyerjO7QV71wmN1

Castleman File: American Petroleum Institute w/c = with cover letter or memo If DATE = 0, undated XICD-ROM Document #:API DATE 7?^ published article from trade journal published advertisements newspaper article published government report government inspection results unpublished or internal report unpublished presentation from conference letter memorandum industry warning labels industry sales literature industry recommended practices meeting minutes (with attachments) membership list BC notes January 9, 19^2 To Members of the Sub-Committee on Carcinogenicity: On December 10, 1951# a copy of the minutes of the meeting of the R.P.A. Committee, which was held at Kettering Laboratory November 26, 1951# was sent to you along with a letter ballot asking for your vote with respect to the action taken at the Cincinnati meeting. The minutes reflect the mutual agreement of the Kettering Laboratory and the R.P.A. Committee with respect to the immediate objectives of the Research Project on Carcinogenicity. To date fourteen ballots, all in the affirmative, have been returned from the twenty-five members of the sub-committee. In order that we may advise Dr. Kehoe that the ac tion taken has the approval of the Sub-Committee on Carcino genicity, I would greatly appreciate it if those whose names are shown below will return their ballots to me at the earliest date possible. A letter ballot is again attached for your convenience. Very truly yours. Doctors: L.E. Curtis, T.M. Frank, W.R. Levis, James W. Long, Clark R. Miller, James W. Osborn Messrs: R.M. Shepardson, L.O. Crockett, R.M. Landon, C.R. Brown, F.J. Sanders cc; Dr. E. K. Linder Mr. D. V. Stroop API 05208 American Petroleum Institute SO WEST SOtw STREET NEW YORK 20. N. Y. January 10, 1952 To Members and Associates Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity Gentlemen: On December 10, 1951, a copy of tbe minutes of the meeting of the R.P.A. Committee, which was held at Kettering Laboratory, November 26, 1951, vas sent to you along with a letter ballot asking for your vote with respect to the action taken at the Cincinnati meeting. The minutes reflect the mutual agreement of the Kettering Laboratory and the R.P.A. Committee with respect to the Immediate objectives of the Research Project on Carcinogenicity. To date fourteen ballots, all In the affirmative, have been returned from the twenty-five members of the subcommittee. In order that we may advise Doctor Kehoe that the action taken has the approve! of the Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity, I would greatly appreciate it if those whose nairas are shown below will return their ballots to me at the earliest date possible. A letter ballot Is again attached for your convenience. Very truly yours Enclosure Doctors: L. E. Curtis T. M. Frank V. R. Levis James V. Long Clark R. Miller James V. Osborn Messrs: C. R. Brown L. 0. Crockett R. M. Landon F. J. Sanders R. M. Shepardson me: Dr. E. K. Linder Mr. D. V. Stroop Chairman, Subcostal ttee on Carcinogenicity API 05209 LETTER BALLOT of the Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity Medical Advisory Committee American Petroleum Institute PLEASE MARK AMD RETURN TO: Dr. M. N. Newquist, Chairman Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity c/o The Texas Company 135 East 42nd Street New York 17, New York I Shall the actions and decisions of the Research Project Advisory Committee, as shown in the minutes of the November 26, 1951 meeting at Kettering Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio, be approved by the Subcommittee: Yes _______ No* Not voting (* It is requested that any negative vote be accompanied by an explanation.) NAME COMPANY DATE API 05210 January 9* 1952 Dr. B. A. Kehoa Battering Laboratory University of Clnalnnati Bden Avenue Cine Inna tl , Ohio Daar Doctor Xehoat Zt wee the ooaaanaaa Am we act with you on loveaber 26, that there tiiould bo another aeetlng of the B.P.A. Coaalttee with your group prior to the nee ting of the Medloal Advisory Comlttee of the A.P.I. in April. Mention vaa nade of holding the nee ting the laat of February or the let of larch. Z sa wondering how February 2oth or larch itth would fit In with your plane for a aeetlng at Kettering laboratory. Vaturally we would like to elear with you aa to datea before aending out feelere to the eoaalttee aaabera aa to preference. There la no question but that a one-day aeetlng would auffioe. ery truly youra. 31 37. 377I7QU:ST, M.D ITf:DICAL ELEZCTOa I. V. niQUIST. I. D. nruRn API 05211 American Petroleum Institute 50 WEST 50TH STREET NEW YORK 20. N. Y. January 10, 1952 To Members and Associates Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity Gentlemen: On December 10,.1951, a copy of the minutes of the meeting of the R.P.A. Conto!ttee, which was held at Kettering Laboratory, November 26, 1951, was sent to you along with a letter ballot asking for your vote with respect to the action taken at the Cincinnati meeting. The minutes reflect the mutual agreement of the Bettering Laboratory and the EJ.A. Conmittee with respect to the immediate objectives of the Research Project on Carcinogenicity. To date fourteen ballots, all in the affirmative, have been returned from the twenty-five members of the subcommittee. In order that we may advise Doctor Kehoe that the action taken has the approval of the Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity, I would greatly appreciate it if those whose names are shown below will return their ballots to me at the earliest date possible. A letter ballot is again attached for your convenience. Very truly yours. Enclosure Doctors:. L. E. Curtis T. M. Frank W. R. Levis James V. Long Clark R. Miller James W. Osborn Messrsr C. R. Brown L.. 0. Crockett R. M. Landon F. J. Sanders R. M. Shepardeon me: Dr. E K. Linder Mr.. D. V. Stroop M. N. Newquist, M.C. Chairman, Subcomnittee on Carcinogenicity ApI 05212 LETTER BALLOT of the Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity Medical Advisory Committee American Petroleum Institute PLEASE MARK AND RETURN TO: Dr. M. N. Newquist, Chairman Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity c/o The Texas Company 135 East 42nd Street New York IT, New York Shall the actions and decisions of the Research Project Advisory Committee, as shown in the minutes cf the November 26, 1951 meeting at Kettering Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio, be approved by the Subcommittee: Yes No* Not voting (* It is requested that any negative vote be accompanied by an explanation.) NAME___ COMPANY DATE API 05213 January 1*, 1952 pr, M. B. Bevquist Tb* TexasCaspany 135 Bast 42nd Street ftv York City 17 ptar Doctor Bevqulst * X know of no reason for not haring the meting of the B.P.A. nm V*>hmi>w ** -- *----.V - " *- -- - 1. VIth kindest regards, _ __ Sincerely years. RIB ef C.C. t Mr* D. V* Stroop Dr* X*K* Linder API 05214 *H22 _icr *' M Porter Re: afi Hodicoi Advisory Cs--ittoo Pursuant to vlane discussed with you recent 17, Mr. Ourm #nd 1 e nfemed informally with 9 V Field, S K. Linder, V F Stroud 1^4 It D Bsnt an Monday, January 21 it, in Philadelphia. Wo reviewed the alma tee tHo Wove*her 6 weeting of the antral oewlttee, Division or So fining, which records a unanlroua r9tc in favor of a resolution - "That tho Chair*** of tho Ooaoral Co--ittee of tho Division of Refining appoint a eubeomlttee eaMvoaod of neabers of said Oeneral Cowl fctoo to review tho :aat work of said Nodical Advisory Cowxltte* as It ^ortaiss to flnisbod and unfinished -etroloua roducta, and to rsflnsrj operations aa soil aa to review worv now under way and :rosm*s, if any. for future work in this field, and to reeowsond to tho Oonoral Cowalttoo such ator. a as it foola should ho taken, together with such mechanise as it fee's should ho established to secure the best poesi bio results froa the standpoint of the onuloyoos of the petroleum industry and the users of potr.leua products WO also considered a atatenant in tho sane alautos that ~ 'thora was unaninoos agree--nt that tho Tice froaidont for Refining should eenfor with tho Chairman of tho SaToty Ceanlttee of tho Board to determine whether or not a aochanisa ean bo worked out whereby the Medical Advisory Co--ittoo ean be furnished direct assistance and advice of coalifled refiners ' Our dlaeuaslon led to o consensus that the working out of *** Mechanism sought by tho Oonoral Cowalttoo would bo fac lilts tod **d expedited by oint conference and collaboration of two aaall sub* wittees represent In* the 'Penere 1 Ccmalttee and tho Nodical Advisory API 05215 -2- ieerdiBslj. It mis iucgMU4 that John H. Sana. Choi Coaoittee of tho Board, should infom 9r Under regarding the ,f**7 - conslttoo actions, and suggest that Dr Lindor tandar to 5**" , steoort. tr , Chatman. Oanaral Coonltteo, tha service# of a i1 .git,] aubennnlttaa of nadleal ooaalttaa aenfcers who eaald aaslat ^ ^finery oubeonittee la lta review of tha past, present and fa taro ^ cad lea 2 raaaareh ^rogran and In tha working out of a nochanlsa to gatfuf* tho results described In tha rceolution. In ay understanding that joo plan to dleeuss this nattor vltti Nr Sanaa, I have aaat hla a copy of thla --orandun and a copy gt tha attaehod rough draft of poaalfcle latter to Dr. Linder. D Y Streep - John ~ 3u*on, Chatman, Safety Conalttee of tha Board of Directors H V Field, Tho Atlantic Bo fining Conpeay V P Stroud. Nonbor Donors1 Connittoa, Dirtalon of 30fining S r Lindor. N B . Chalmnn, API Nodical Advisory Connlttoo R D Boot, Associate Mentor, AFX Hodleal Advisory Connittoo V T <Xran, Director, APS Divioion of Refining 05216 January 24, 1952 r* RPA COMMITTEE SUBCOMMITTEE ON GARCINOGSNICITY MEDICAL ADVISORY COMLITTiE - A.F. I. S pr, H, A, Kehoe Kettering Laboratory 2den and Bethesda Avenues Cincinnati, Ohio pear Doctor Kehoe: For your information I am enclosing two copies of the minutes of the meeting attended on November 26, 1951 by the Research Project Advisory Committee and Dr, Kehoe and associatas of the Kettering Laboratory relative to research on carcinogenicity sponsored by the A.P.I. The minutes have been submitted to all members and associates of the Medical Advisory Committee of the A.P.I.- Letter ballots have been returned from 24 of the 25 members and associates of the Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity and the ballots show unani mous approval of the action expressed in the minutes. No doubt you have already effeotuated procedures to attain the objectives as discussed at the meetinr and expressed m said minutes. For information of the members of the Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity I will be pleased to reoeive your outline of funda mental factors considered to be significant to the establishment of standardized procedures as mentioned under Reference Standards on Pa-e 2 of the minutes. Yours very truly MNITiGE Copies to Subcommittee Members and Associates Dr. E. K. Linder Mr, D, V. Stroop M.N.Nowquist, M.D., Chairman Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity API 05217 American Petroleum Institute BO WEST BOTH STREET NEW YORK 20. N. Y. or technical services .troop, director WTe^0 v 135 East 42nd Street New York 17, N. Y. February 1, 1952 To Members Research Project Advisory Committee E. V. Adams C. H. Eime, M.D. L. C. Beard, Jr. R. M. Landon Kieffer Davis, M.D. E. K. Linder, M.D. Robert E. Eckardt, M.D. K. C. Mackenzie T. M. Frank, M.D: R. C. Mlthoff R. M. Shepardson Gentlemen: A meeting of the Research Project Advisory Committee of the Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity will be held on Tuesday, February 26th, at the Kettering Laboratory, Cincinnati, commencing at 9:30 A.M. It is hoped that the business at hand may be completed by 4:00 P.M. I will circularize Doctor Kehoe's statement on "fundamental objectives and factors pertinent to standardized methodology" as soon as it is received. In the interim you have no doubt given thought to the continuing study on carcinogenicity and I would greatly appreciate hearing from you as to any items that you feel would be helpful to the research project and which should be considered. I will then list such items on our agenda to supplement those which will be presented by Doctors Kehoe, Horton and Phair. I would like to have such an agenda in the hands of the committee members prior to the meeting on February 26th, so your prompt response will be appreciated. Those staying overnight in Cincinnati should make their own hotel reservations. Very truly yours, MNN:RMS me: Dr. Robert A. Kehoe Mr. D. V. Stroop Project Advisory Committee API 05218 135 East ^2nd Street New York 17, N. Y. January 31, 1952 Members of the Research Project Advisory Committee A meeting of the Research Project Advisory Committee of the Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity will be held on Tuesday, February 26th, at the Kettering Laboratory, Cincinnati, commencing at 9:30 A.M. It is hoped that the business at hand may be com pleted by i+:00 P.M. I will circularize Dr, Kehoe's statement on "fundamental objectives and factors pertinent to standardized methodology" as soon as it is received. In the interim you have no doubt given thought to the continuing study on carcinogenicity and I would greatly appreciate hearing from you as to any items that you feel would be helpful to the research project and which should be con sidered. I will then list such items on our agenda to supplement thoas which will be presented by Drs. Kehoe, Horton and Phair. I would like to have such an agenda in the hands of the committee members prior to the meeting on February 26th, so your prompt re sponse will be appreciated. Those staying overnight in Cincinnati should make their own hotel reservations. Very truly yours. M. N. NEWQUIST, M. D. Chairman, Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity MNN:RMS E. V. Adams L. C. Beard, Jr. Kieffer Davis, M. D.-- R. E. Bckardt, M. D. T. M. Frank, M. D.-- C. H. Hine, M. D.------- 4-< ki o-1 A-UZ. R. M. London E. K. Linder, M. D. K. G. Mackenzie R. C. Mithoff /VUZ R. M. Shepardson D. V. Stroop - for information R. A. Kehoe, M. D. API 05220 v_ C- Copy from M. N. Nevquist, M.D., for Information of Members of the Research Project Advisory Committee and Members and Associates of the Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity. 2-4-52 January 30, 1952 Dr. M. If. Revquist Medical Director The Texas Company 135 East 42nd Street Rev York 17, Rev York Dear Doctor Revquist: Attached la the promised outline of basic studies which are under way to standardise the mouse tests. This Is, In effect, an acceleration of the work on that phase of the over-all program, which was designated as section B, "Reference Standards," In our memorandum of Hovember 26, 1951 and the minutes of the first meeting of the Project Advisory Committee. Since we are a fev days past the date on which ve had Intended to have this outline In your hands. Dr. Kehoe has asked me to send It mi to you, although hie departure from Cincinnati Monday evening necessitated postponement of any detailed editing of the material on his part. Sincerely yours, AWH:mJg CC: Dr. E. K. Linder Mr. D. V. Stroop A. Wesley Horton API 05221 STANDARDIZATION OF BIOLOGICAL TESTING METHODS API RESEARCH PROJECT MS-1 I, Reproducibility of Results of Mouse Teste A. Effects of variations in health of animals 1. Toxic effects of materials under test a. Systemic poisoning b. Irritating and lethal effects on epithelial cells c. Relationships between dosage and latent period for induction of tumors 2. Effects of intercurrent infections 3. Development of criteria for assaying the degree of validity of results of any given mouse test B. Application of statistical methods to establish confidence limits II. Influences of Non-carcinogenic Components of Petroleum Products on Their Effective Potencies A. Inhibitory properties 1. "Viscosity effectB," influencing the potencies of tars, waxes, and cokes 2. Effects of specific classes of materials, such as benzanthracene derivatives, trace metals (reduced crudes), catalyst fines, etc. B. Specific irritant properties which reduce the latent period for induction of tumors C. Improvement of analytical techniques for estimating potency, resulting from correction factors based on these fundamental catalytic and inhibitory properties This outline defines certain factors to which consideration will be given in an effort to standardize biological testing methods for determination of relative carcinogenic potencies of petroleum products. API 05222 February 13# 1952 lac. X. K. Irwqulst, Chslmnn MAC SubecOTdttee an Carcincganlcltj e/o The Ikxu Caepny 13$ Xut k&ni Street Sot Tort 17# Sot York Snt Doctor Sssqulet: For your iaaTarmtion and for possible consideration by the SPA. Caadttee as sell m the anbor--tttac on Carcinogenicity, there la enclosed a copy of acif-arplanatary letter# dated February 11, 1952, frcai Doctor Sehoe, with a& eetlaeted budget for the year coding June 30, 1953* Very truly yours. DISto Enclosure API 05223 a****** UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI MMimillT OF PUVCXnVK MOICIM ARD IHDUfTlUL RCALTM February 11, 1952 CAM* ADORCSS: KSTIAS. CINCINNATI TSLIMOaii CAPfTOl MU vigrican Petroleum Institute 5o Vest 50th Street jU York City 20 pear Mr* Srcop: X send you herewith the estimated budget, for the year beginning July 1> 1952. It is based on certain conjectures, of course, t,ut if t^e vork continues a? e anticipate that it will and probably should, this is a fairly realistic estimate. The status of the funds at the end of your fiscal year (July 1, 1952) can be estimated with fair precision as soon as our accounts for the calendar year 1951 are finalized. This will come in the near future, at which time you and we will be able to visualize the situation. I trust that this information will be satisfactory for present purposes Cordially yours. Dictated but not read Enc API 05224 EjPGET DATA FOB AMERICA?; F2CECLZJM II''5TITT7E Tnvestlgatlon of Cutaneous Carcinogenic Materials by The Kettering Laporator" Estimated budget froc July 1, 195? to July 1 , 1955 compensation for Personnel (itemized below) $43,600 .30 Supervision - general Cnemical Technology and Epidemiology (Direct Salaries itemized below) Principal investigators Experimental and Technologic Epidemiologic Surveys Research Chemists 8, coo.oo -- r\ p j\J\J J J i 1 12,500.00 Biological Testing (Direct salaries itemized below) Gross pathology and animal records - Microscopic pathology Technicians (testing) Total Compensation as Direct Salaries 2,600.00 C f Ju j Jvj 3.700.00 38,800.00 Indirect Salaries (itemized below) Initial postmortem examination Preparation of microscopic slides 1.200.00 3.600.00 Other expense Supplies (indicated below) Supplies for Technologic and Epide miologic work 3*500.00 Supplies for Biological Testing 3,500.00 Travel Animals Overhead - all other items including indirect salaries that cannot be itemized, pensions and annuities, educational expense, heat, light, power, secretarial service, library service, janitor service, general maintenance, etc. 8,300.00 4,800 .00 I7 , O-/ -iOo . ^j ' 5,000.00 2,60J.00 ,560 .00 Total Estimated Budget for all purposes $104,760.00 API 05225 American Petroleum Institute 50 WEST SOTM STREET NEW YORK 20. N. Y. February 15, 1952 jo Members Special Coordinating Comnittee Kieffer Davis, M.D. - Phillips Petroleum Co. Kenneth R. Fourcher, M.D. - Standard Oil Co. (New Jersey) James V. Long, M.D. - Gulf Oil Corp. M. N. Newquist, M.D. - The Texas Co. B. B. Reeve, M.D. - Standard Cil Co. (Indiana) Gentlemen: Mr. Stewart has accepted the suggestion made in my letter of February 1, 1952, and I have made arrangements for a meeting of the liaison subcommittees to be held on WEDNESDAYFEBRUARY 27. 1952AT 10:00 A.M. in the Netherland Plaza Hotel, Cincinnati, Ohio. So that you may be fully Informed on the status of the Kettering research project, Doctor M. N. Nevquist, Chairman, Research Project Advisory Committee, invites you to attend the RPA Comnlttee nesting to be held at the Kettering Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, at 10:00 A.M., on Tuesday, February 26. By copy of this letter we are also inviting the members of the Refining Liaison Subcommittee to attend the RPA Committee meeting on February 26. E. K. Linder, M.D. Chairman Medical Advisory Committee ac: Messrs. W. T. Gunn F. M. Porter W. L. Stewart, Jr. ID. V. Stroop John R. Suman me: Members, Refining Liaison Subcommittee Messrs, w. R. Argyle - Sinclair Refining Co. M. Halpern - The Texas Co. William Naden - Esso Standard Oil Co. Harold G. Osborn - Continental Oil Co. Max G. Paulus - Standard Oil Co. (Indiana) C. S. Teitsvorth - Socony-Vacuum Oil Co., Inc. API 05226 Mr. ttltar ttrlgkt American petroleum Institute 90 WEST SOTH STREET NEW YORK 20. N. Y. ffrr or TECHNICAL SERVICE* V. ST*OOP. DiBSCTOa February 15$ 1952 MEMORANDUM TO: Messrs. W. R. Argyle M. Halpem William Naden Harold G. Osborn Max G. Paulus C. S. Teitsvorth . Gentlemen: Doctor Linder has asked me to send you the enclosed information, as follows: 1. List of members and associates of the Medical Advisory Coaanittee. 2. Outline of Objectives, Functions and Procedures of the Medical Advisory Committee. . 3. Minutes of the RPA Committee meeting held November 26, 1951. Mr. Wilbur Vfright, Reservations Manager, Netherland Plaza Hotel, Cincinnati, is holding single guest rooms available for your use. Please notify him as to the date and time of your arrival. Very truly yours, DVS:c Enclosures me: Mr. W. T. Gunn Dr. E. K. Linder Dr. M. N. Nevquist API 05227 T Standard Oil Company 910 South Michigan Avenue Chicago 80, Tt.t. February 13, 1952 Mr. D. V. Stroop, Director Department of Technical Services American Petroleum Institute 50 Vest 50th Street New York 20, N. Y. Dear Mr. Stroop: I received my appointment as a member of the Special Coordinating Committee of the Medical Advisory Committee. In his letter of February 1, Dr. Linder suggested that a meeting of this committee be held on February 27 in Cincinnati. To date I have had no notice of any set time for this meeting. Has any decision been made aa to the date? Please let me know ao that I can make plans accordingly. I was in Texas last week and had a very nice visit with Dr. Frank of Pan Am and Dr. Baird of the Humble Oil Company. Dr. Frank will probably discuss some of the things ve talked about if he sees you in Cincinnati at the meeting on February 26. Yours very truly. . S. Medical Director H.D BBR:S API 05228 frtomaxj b, 1992 To Meabera of Special Coordinating Ccanlttee Xieffer DtTla, M.D. Xezwth R. Fourebart M.D. Jaaes V. Long, M.D. M. 1. Bevqulat, M.D. B. B. Saava, M.D. Gentleaeni Ae etated la the encloaed eopy of letter dated February 1 to V. L. Steward, Ar.f Doeter Linder, Chalra&n, Ma&loal Advleorj Caeaittee, has appointed joa to aant aa a special Coordinating Coadttee to eollabarato with a apaolal subccaadttee of the fleeeral Cooaalttoe, Dlrlalon of Refining, la the working oat of the erhanli referred to la the attached letter dated January 29 from Jshn R. Eann. Doctor Linder will eerre ex officio aa Chalrnaa yf the Special Coord 1anting Ccanlttee. Very truly yonra, DTB:c Saeloauree ec: Dr. X. X. Under API 05229 THE ATLANTIC REFINING COMPANY PETROLEUM PRODUCTS sen south broad street PHILADELPHIA 1. Pa. belations department M o director medical division bruary 1, 195D Mr. D. V. Stroop American Petroleum Institute 50 West 50th Street New York 20, N. Y. Dear Mr. Stroop: 7 As per my telephone discussion, I am enclosing copy of letter to Mr. Stewart, trusting you have a copy of Mr. Suman's letter to me, in order that you may take the necessaiy steps to advise this newly appointed Special Coordi nating Committee of this action and of their appointment. Dr. Fourcher has indicated that he desires to be a member of the committee with the understanding that he nay be able to appoint a designee. Very truly yours. IKL:mb E. IZES LINDER, M. D. API 05230 fiknuiy 1, 1952 hr. V. L. Stowrrt, Jr. Onijn Oil Company of California 617 Vast Seventh Street Lo >ngeles 17, California Deer Kr. Btmrtt la aeeori with Mr. Swan's letter to no, datad January 25, 1952, it la wf daaira to expedite aiy aetlon on the part of tho Modlaal Advisory Oonaitto# which will aid the Oonoral Coaaittee, DlTialoo of Aeflning, work out tho nsehaniaa roforrod to in thoir resolution aa quoted. I lc appointing a subeoodttee composed of six noabora of tho Madleal Advisory Coamlttee, which sobeecadttee will ho prepared to collaborate with s oubeonaittoo of tho Oonoral Conoittoo, Division of Refining. Thoao llcioon eubeosnlttees, I an cortain, can diacuas nod promote a batter autu'l understanding. Larcediately followlnf tho fovenber nesting of tho Modleal Advisory Coacaittoa a Research Project Advisory Snheonnittoo w*t rpoolstod for tha express purpoas of naintalniaf a closer eontoet vith Dr. Kobe# nnd iaoci^toa of tho Kettering Laboratory relative to thoir roooaroh on earoinoconieity sponsored by tho Aaoxlean Petroleum Institute. A oeetinf of this subcommittee and Dr. Kohoo and aooooiatoo wao hold on Kovem- bar 26 and another nesting io planned for February 26. It la ny poroonal opinion that tha Koranbor aooting prorad of rains both to Dr. Kohoo and hi* -ssociatee and aloe to tho Subeommlttes on Carslnogenlalty. This past nesting, and future noetingo, I an aura, will serve thoir purpose to provide a closer bend of understanding and collaboration la direction of work so as to accomplish tha ohjeetleee in tho least possible tine *nd at tha least posslbls seat. Inasmuch as thors will bs aeallahla up-to-date information OB tho roooaroh on carolnogonlolty at tho Kettering Laboratory laaodiatoly fol-- lowing tho aooting of February 26, nay I take tho liber^r of suggesting that the liaison subcenaalttcos seat on FobruaTy 27 in ClaoinBati? Should this not bo agreeable, or should it bs in ooufllot with previous API 05231 2m v# U Btaaart,, Jt. *' Pobruory 1, 1952 ^t^oata, *o will bo pul to willing to Boot at oay otter tlo or plosa T*J Mt* _u|niBTt11*--( vhiob vo oh* 11 rofor to to tte Bpoalol Caardlaotiaf **^ttoo of tte Modleol Adviaary Cnaolttoo, till to ooopoood of tte falli**** B^terot lloffor Darla, K. D. Phillipa Potielate flwywy lortlaarllie, Qkl*tete lonaatfc ft. Faarater, X. ft. ' Stuadoid Oil Caapaqr (Xaa Jaraoy) 30 Baakafolior Plate tew lark 20, I. I. ' ft. Lon Liter, X. ft ;um v. tei, x. ft Qalf Oil Corporation Part lrtter, Tau X. I. lo^dit, M. ft Tte Tana fwfiiiy 135 Sat ite ttroot lav lode 17, I. I. B. B. Baara, X. I). Btoaderd Oil Coapcaj (ladloao) 910 Saatb Kiohifiia teno ChlaaflB 80, Illlnala farjr truly yaara. SI tab act Hr. V. T. Qumm Mr. F. ft Partur Xr. J. ft. Bates at Dr. Kloffor Ma Dr. ft. ft. faarater Dr. J. V. Laa* Dr. M. 1. teqd.it Dr. B. B. Boava be: Mr. D. V. Stroop ^' ft* Kara Lindor, X. ft API Xadlaal Advisory Cooalttaa ` API 05232 *5* iWt Dr. x* x* Under, Ctatmi A27 Mediae! Adrleory Cemlttee e/e fhe >tlaatle Beflalag Camftf 60 Boath Iroad Street Hdladolphla 1, fenaaylTania Seer Eoetor Lladeri The General Conalttee, Slfitioe of Seflalag* hae roaolaod.t "That the Chelan of the Omni fittoe ef the Elrleioa of laflalag attaint e aaheaaadttee conyneed ef --There of nil General CentUn te nrltv the paet art ef aeld Medieel Adtleery Srentttei ea It pertalaa te flalehod ad eaflaiohod yetaralone jrad--te, end te refiner eferetlane e *U ee te rerlev mrk nom xaA&r my end jregmee. If nr, far fntanre ear* In thle field, and te reemeenl te tte Oaneenl Conalttee eeeh etoye aa 1% feale ahneli he taken, together with eeeh mehaaiaa aa It feala aheald he eatahllahed te eeeere the heat yoeeltle reenlte ft*on the etaadfolst ef the BfUym ef st-h--r-ea wyeitvrot lem ladaetry aad the vaera ef yetrolem "that the T&ee Froaldant for Baflnlai ahoald confer elth the Chalmea of the Safety Cemlttee of the Board te deteemtne thether or net a eenhanlen can he verted eat ehereby the Modi era 1 Afrrlaorjr Coanlttee ean ha fwnlahod direct aaalataaae aad adrlee of yaallfled reflaere." fateeeal te thle agraomnt, L. dtnart, ft., Oalsen, General Coamlttee, Mvlalan ef fteflaft*, has ocaforred alth ae. Boaalhly the aertitg net ef the aontaalm enaght by the Amoral Coanlttee aea.1l he facilitated aad aaqpadlted hjr Joist omforonea aad onl liberation ef anMnra of the nflnaiy eobnremittee, nut la to he ayyeiatel by Nr. Itenrt, and of a ayeelal eabeamftttee ef nedleal anmlttaa ae^ere miah yoa night ayyolBt. aoald met that yoe^--^1^Sdl^tIy*SdM^^teoa^^ tender the aei eleee ef a eyeolal aaheiamltf ef aadleal eeamlttee API 05233 E. ^inder -hair^an-* Medical Advisory Committee he Atlantic Refining Company %'Q south Broad Street :^iadelphia. Pa. . Sear Dr. Linder: The General Committee, Division of Refining has resolved - "That the Chairman of the General Committee of the Division of Refining appoint a subcommittee composed of members of said General Committee to review the past work of said Medical Advisory Committee as it pertains to finished and unfin ished petroleum products, and to refinery operations as well as to review work now under way and programs, if any, for future work in this field, and to recom mend to the General Committee such steps as it feels should be taken, together with such mechanism as it feels should be established to secure the best possi ble results from the standpoint of the employees of the petroleum industry and the users of petroleum products." The General Committee also has agreed unanimously - "...that the Vice President for Refining should confer with the Chairman of the Safety Committee of the Board to determine whether or not a mechanism can be worked out whereby the Medical Advisory Committee can be furnish ed direct assistance and advice of qualified refiners." Pursuant to this agreement, W. L. Stewart, Jr., Chairman, General Committee, Division of Refining, has conferred with me. Dossibly the working out of the mechanism sought by the General committee would be facilitated and expedited by joint con ference and collaboration of members of the refinery subcommittee, which is to be appointed by Mr. Stewart, and of a special subcommittee of medical committee members which you might appoint. API 05235 -o_ a If such a course of action seems appropriate to you, I V tfould suggest that you communicate directly with Mr. Stewart and M tender the services of a special subcommittee of medical committee ^embers which could assist the refinery subcommittee in its review 1 of the Past> present and future API medical research program and in working out a mechanism to accomplish the results stated in the I resolution. cc - W. L. Stewart, Jr. P. M. Porter W. T. Gunn To be signed by John R. Suman, Chairman, Safety Committee of API Board of Directors ? L-{A~ 0! L yS * API 05236 Ti'xrnxry 19, 1952 Mr. 3. M. London uoif Oil Corporutign P.C. Bax 1166 Pittsburgh >0, PKur/lxm&lA Dmt "BuxycT*: If you plan to b In Cincinnati on Tuesday, yotroery 26, you night, plan also to rwlw far the meting of the Haloes nbccadttMt on Pebmory 2?. I taller* you rill be larited to do to became of the sadden rteeth of Xtoetcr Long rbo see a --her of tfco Special Coordinating Caeedtte* of the Medical AdTlscry l' aiiuttee. Pary truly yours, DVS:o ccj Sr. X. L T Indsr fir. M. I. Smqulet API 05237 THE TEXAS COMPANY 135 EAST 42nd STREET NEW YORK 17. N. Y Pobruary 19, 1B5S of tbs Rosoarofa Frojoet Advisory rr--1 ttoo ~~ Rosoaroh Projoot MC-1, Aaorloaa Fotroloum Institute psr Sir#* ,tbs attashsd on--mMlnitlon of Pobruary 13 1938 fro* Mr. ft Sullivan is solfox?lanatory sad is for four ooafldoatlal lofsfastlosu I sa pissing Mr. Sullivan roquost that tbs BPA Cob- iftoo proparo s rsport outlining tbs past sad propound futuro Mtiritlss os Carolnegoaioity st tho Mattering Laboratory oo tbs ipsis our mooting la Clnolanatl MX! Tusoday, Pobruary 86. (bis sill act roquiro say dlaausaioa boforo tbs Xottorlng Labors* lory staff otbsr than your opinion aad roto as to sbottasr or aet tbs RFA CoBmittoo should propsro suoh a rsport* Vary truly yours. mtOH Attach. L I* Adams l* C. Board, Jr* ttaffor Davis, 1.9. L 1* Soicardt, 1.9. f. R* Frank, tt* D. C S* Rina, 1.9. * ft* Landoa L 9* Maokansto *. C. itlthoff I* X* Shopardsoa l 2* X. Lindor, M.D. Xr D. V* Stroop ^ Advisory Co--aittoo API 05238 RESIDENT Uwi-r ITTS5URC-H 30, PA. Februar' ' C 00 ^r., J. Newquist, Chairman q'search Project MC-i Advisory Committee ->e Texas Company -'Va East l;2r.d Street 'ew York 17, New York Tear Dr. Newquist: . P t the meeting of the General Committee, Division of Re fining, API, in Chicago last November, a resolution was passed "That she chairman of the General Committee appoint a sub-committee composed of members of the General Committee to review the past work of the Medical Advisory Committee as it pertains tc finished ar.d unfinished petroleum products, and to refinery operations, as well as to review work now under way and programs, if any, for future work in this field, and to recommend to the General Committee such steps as it feels should be taken, together with such mechan ism as iz feels should be established to secure the test possible results from the standpoint of the employees of the petroleum in dustry and the users cf petroleum products." In accordance with the above resolution, Mr. "'.L. Stewart, Chairman of the General Committee, appointed a Study Committee com posed cf the following members of the General Committee, to review che work of the Medical Advisory Committee, Department cf Safety, ar.d report to the General Committee at San Francisco on May 15,lr52: m X t KJ 0 A H. 7'J j. p Sullivan, Davidson Ferguson Langfitt Chairman Gulf Oil Corporation Standard Oil of California Humble Cil cc Refining Co. The Pure Oil Company Upon receipt cf Mr. Gunn's letter cf January 23, advising me of the appointment as Chairman of the Study Committee cf the lateral Committee, Division of Refining, I wrote the ether members cf the committee on February 1 giving my views on a method cf action. * copy of my letter of Februaryi/is attached hereto. I now have replies from my letter of February 1 from each member of the Study group and they are in reasonable agreement with my suggestion that the Research Project MC-1 advisory Committee prepare a report outlining the past and proposed future activities the projeet at Kettering Laboratory. If you are agreeable to accepting the preparation of the report, I thought you would like to '-Ciow of the task before the meeting of your committee in Cincinnati -r- February 26. Will you please let me have your comments. HML/rj -Att. Cc: Mr.G.A. Davidson Mr. H.W. Ferguson Mr. J.P. Langfitt Very truly yours, (signed) T. J. Sullivan, Vice-President. API 05239 February 1, 1952 y~# G. Davidson, Vice-President, llqndard Oil Company of California, Bush Street, Sat Francisco 20, California. 'r. H. 'V. Ferguson, Vice-President, j-Tible Oil & Refining Company, Co. Box 2150, l-custon 1, Texas. ><r. J F. Langfiut, Vice-President, Ce Pure Oil Company, C East Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois. Gentlemen: Please refer to Mr. Gunn's letter of January 23 advising that Mr. Stewart had appointed you gentlemen, along with the under signed, as a committee to review the work of the Medical Advisory Committee, Department of Safety, and to report to the General Com mittee at the San Francisco meeting in May. For your ready reference, I am attaching hereto a copy of Item XII of Minutes of Meeting of the General Committee, held on November 6, 1951, at the Conrad Hilton Hotel, Chicago. Since the meeting in Chicago, a Research Project MC1 Advisory Committee has been appointed by Dr. Newquist (The Texas Company), Chairman of the Sub-Committee cn Carcinogenicity, by direction of the Medical Advisory Committee in their meeting on November 3, 1951, in Chicago. The purpose of this committee is to afford a "closed bond of understanding between committee members and research workers." This committee met in Cincinnati on November 26, 1951, with Dr. Kehoe and his associates, and many of the problems cr objections (brought out previously by some Medical Advisory Committee members) to a trend by Kettering Laboratory to expand the scope of the project beyond its original outline were settled to the satisfaction of the Medical Advisory Committee. As a safeguard to <eep the project at Kettering Laboratory running in a manner that would be satisfactory to the refiners, periodic meetings of the Re search Project MC-1 advisory Committee are to be held, every two or three months, at Kettering Laboratory. The next meeting is scheduled Cor February 26-27. The makeup of the Research Project MC-1 Advisory Committee is as fellows: Medical Doctors: M. N. Newquist, Chairman Kieffer Davis (Phillips Petroleum Company) Richard Eckardt(Standard Oil Development Co.) T. M. Frank (Pan American Refining Corp.) C. R. Hine (Shell Oil Company) 2. K. Linder (Atlantic Refining Company) API 05240 y.r J r* Mr* vr Davidson Ferguson P. Langfitt _0_ ' ' *-- J **1 ivisory Members: E, W. 'dams (Standard Oil Company - Indiana) L. C. Beard (Socony-Vacuum Oil Company) R. M. Landon (Gulf Oil Corporation) K G. Mackenzie (The Texas Company) R. M. Shepardson (Standard Oil Development Co.) R. C. Mithoff (Standard Oil Company of Calif.) In my opinion, the above group of six medical doctors and six advisors who have been following the project at Kettering laboratory are better qualified to prepare a report for submission 10 the General Committee than the four of us. It is my suggestion nqt we ask Dr. Newquist, as Chairman of the Sub-Committee, to -ove his committee (the above-named group) prepare such a report on :he MC-1 research project at Kettering Laboratory, outlining past and future activities of the project at Kettering Laboratory for our approval and/or editing before submission to the General Committee, If you are agreeable to the above-outlined procedure, will you please let me know promptly so I can advise Dr. Newquist ahead of the February 26-27 meeting of the Research Project MC-1 Advisory Committee. However, if any of you have thoughts other than those proposed here, let me know, as you may have a better and easier way to carry out the assignment. You will note that the above covers only one phase of the Medical Advisory Committee - that of carcinogenicity. It will be a simple matter to have the Chairman of the other sub-committees of the Medical 'dvisory Committee prepare similar reports, as their activities are minor compared to the work and expense on carcinogenicity. May I have your comments. Very truly yours, (signed) RML/r j Att. T. J. Sullivan, Vice-President. API 05241 yor.-ner.bers of the General Committee were excused from, -r-; rcor., and the Committee met ir. Executive Session to consider fetters pertaining to the Medical Advisory Committee cf the De partment cf Safety. K. G. Mackenzie- cf The Texas Company addressed the C-eneral Committee expressing some concern about matters pertain ing specifically to refining activities up^n which the Advisory Committee should have the advice and consultation refiners. Mr. Mackenzie offered the following resolution: '"HERE'S, the Medical 'aviscry Committee of the Depart ment cf Safety reports solely to, -and receives directions solely from, the Safety Committee of the Board of Directors, and '.'.'HERE'S, said Medical Advisory Committee in its studies cf the possible production of skin cancer by petroleum products has extended its operations much beyond the medical aspects of the problem to include such matters as Source, physical properties and chemical composition cf charge stocks. Methods of refining including temperatures pressures to which said charge stocks are subjected, and a complete description of other refining steps. Physical and chemical properties cf the products of such refinery operations together with disposition cf such products. Physical and chemical properties of finished petroleum products together with the quantitive composition of such finished products, with the source, method or methods of refining, and physical and chemical properties of said components, and WHEREAS, said Medical Advisory Committee has had and still has before it the possible development of methods of refining to remove constituents of said petroleum products which it believes may produce skin cancer in man, and WHEREAS, as the aforesaid non-medical activities come properly within the scope of the Division of Refining, be it RESOLVED, that the Chairman of the General Committee of the Division of Refining appoint a subcommittee composed of members of said General Committee to review the past work of said Medical Advisory Committee as it pertains to finished and un finished petroleum products, and to refinery operations as well as to review work now under way and programs, if any, for future work API 05242 -2- iv. this field, nd to recommend tc the General Committee such steps fls it feels should be taken, together with such mechanism as it feels should be established to secure the best possible results from the standpoint of the employees of the petroleum industry and tke users of petroleum products, and be it FURTHER RESOLVED, That this subcommittee be requested to issue a progress report at the May Meeting of the General Committee in San Francisco in 1952. Upon the motion duly made and seconded the following action was taken: /CTION: The Resolution was passed unanimously. In addition, there was unanimous agreement that the Vice President for Refining should confer with the Chairman of the Safety Committee of the Board to determine whether or not a mechanism can be worked out whereby the Medical Advisory Committee can be furnished direct assistance and advice of qualified refiners. API 05243 UtST. M. D. tftDtCAW WCCTO* THE TEXAS COMPANY 13S EAST 42nd STREET NEW YORK 17. N. Y. February 20, 1952 ;o Members of the R.P.A. Committee of Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity Dear Sirs: I am attaching the agenda for the meeting of the R.PJL. Committee at Kettering Laboratory on February 26, 1952. I am Trusting that you will be able to attend the meeting. Very truly yours MHH :RKS ENCS. E. V. Adams L. C. Beard, Kieffer Davis, M.D. R. S. Eckardt, M.D. T M Frank, M.D. C. M. Elne R M. Landon E. K. Linder, M.D. E* G. Mackenzie R. C. Mithoff R M. Shepardson Hr. D. V. Stroop Dr. Robert A. Kehoe Chairman, Research Project Advisory Committee API 05244 AGENDA RP(MC-1)A Committee meeting - Kettering Laboratory February 26, 1952 9:30 A.M. 1 . Consideration of items listed in "Standardization of Biological Testing Methods" as prepared by Dr. Kehoe and associates. 2 - Report on current status of works (a) On items acted on at the November 26, 195l meeting of the R.P.A. Committee and Kettering Laboratory Staff as reflected in the minutes. (b) On items, if any, not included in "a" above. 3 - Questions from committee members (a) Justification for performing any consider able amount of work on carcinogenicity? lj. - Relation of oil mist lubrication to lung infection and cancer. 5 - Expediting of epidemiological surveys. 6 - Preparation by the R.P.A. Committee of report on past and future activities, including budgetary requirements, of the Sub-committee on Carcinogenicity for the General Committee, Division of Refining, API. 7 - Publication of article on this subject by Dr. Kehoe - when and where? 6 - Budgetary requirements in light of research program (a) For year beginning July 1, 1952 (Dr. Kehoe*s estimate attached) (b) " " " " " 1953 9 - Format of progress reports prepared by Dr. Horton. 10 - Other business. 11 - Time and place of the next meeting. API 05245 .,,,I7Y Ui. uinCIiiri vi l COPY Department of Preventive Medicine and Industrial Health Kettering Laboratory * liege of Medicine - Eden Avenue g*clnnati 19, Ohio February 11, 1952 D. V. Stroop ^erican Petroleum Institute 7q jvest 50th Street York City 20 jgar Mr. Stroopj I send you herewith the estimated budget for the year be* ginning July 1, 1952. It is based on certain conjectures, of course, ut if the work continues as we anticipate that it will and probably should, this is a fairly realistic estimate. The status of the funds at the end of your fiscal year (July 1,1952) can be estimated with fair precision as soon as our iccounts for the calendar year 1951 are finalized. This will come in the near future, at which time you and we will be able to visualize the situtation. I trust that this information will be satisfactory for present purposes. Cordially yours. RAK ef Dictated but not read, be. /s/ Robert A. Kehoe Robert A. Kehoe, M.D. API 05246 BUDGET DATA FOB AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE Investigation of Cutaneous Carcinogenic Materials by The Kettering Laboratory Estimated budget from July 1 1952 to July 1. 1953 roaiPeriSa^cn ^or Pr3nne^ (itemized below) Supervision - general Chemical Technology and Epidemiology (Direct Salaries itemized below) principal investigators Experimental and Technologic Epidemiologic Surveys Research Chemists Biological Testing (Direct salaries itemized below) Gross pathology and animal records Microscopic pathology Technicians (testing) Total Compensation as Direct Salaries $43,600 $ 5,000 8,000 5,000 12,500 25,500 2, 600 2,000 3,700 38,800 8,300 . Indirect Salaries (itemized below) Initial postmortem examination Preparation of microscopic slides 1,200 3,600 Oth&r Expense Supplies (indicated below) Supplies for Technologic and Epidemiologic work Supplies for Biological Testing Travel Animals Overhead - all other items including indirect salaries that cannot be itemized, pensions and annuities, educational expense heat, light, power, secretarial service, li brary service, janitor service, general maintenance, etc. 3,500 3,500 4,800 7,000 5,000 2,600 46,560 Total estimated Budget for all purposes $104,760 API 05247 1 I J ucrptBirr or cacmun psoncr ok cAPCHocaiiL'in 1-1-52 7-1-51 1-1-51 7-1-50 1-1-50 7-1-49 1-1-49 7-1-48 1-1-48 7-1-47 1-1-47 7-1-46 2-1-46 $ 31,692.42 50,000.00 9,065.12 50,000.00 jy,963.39 \ 49,413.00 0 65,000.00 0 0 0 0 6,000.00 (js'.l- eo. 2-21-52 052A8 February 29, 1952 Dr. M. 'I. I'ewquist Medical Director The Texas Company 135 E. U2nd Street r* c :iew York 17# New York ^ Dear Doctor Newqulsts 1! |j Before the Memorandum from the Kettering Laboratory, dated February 25, 1952, la duplicated for distribution as part of the minutes of Tuesday's meeting of the Project Advisory Committee, one error should be corrected. Under section E.I., the number - 6 (the API Research Project at Ohio State University) - - should be changed to Sincerely yours. Awri:mjg CC: Mr. D. V. Stroop A. Wesley Horton API 05249 r Ihrch 6, 1952 Pr. M. If. Bevgnlrt, Chalnaa S-'ericwalttoo on Carcinogenicity e/o Yh* ferae Canpeay Ijp ns: tend Street Hew York 17, lav York Bear Bootar Bevqclets Bar jov eahelttal to the SabeaoBlttee on CareifiocHiieltj u* angloee copy of Doetar Kehoe'e letter of March bth with rorleed jresaatatlon of the 1952*1953 budget far the imreetlgetlan of enteaeoee earelaogenle notarial*. ary truly youre. DTE JO Enclonar* ee: Dr. Bobart A. Xhhoe 0t UliOAATOAY UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI DIFAKTHENT OF FMVINTIVt COICINI AND INDUSTRIAL MIALTH March 4, 1952 CARLS AOOROS: SITLA*. CINCINNATI TILSPHONti CAFITOL MM American Petroleum Institute cj Vest 50th Street jjev Ycrk City 20 * Dear Mr . Stroop : At the last meeting of the special Committee with us on February 26, it was suggested that the budget for the next year be revised iji its manner of presentation. I have done this in a way that is 'probably more complete than is necessary. In any case, it is illustrative of the facts as to what we spend money for, and I believe that no one is likely to conclude that our "overhead" is highly excessive. If this suits your purposes, it can be sent out in this form. If you think it better to express the same figures in another way. I'll be glad to follow your suggestions. Vith best regards. .ncerely yours F.AK ef API 05251 BUDGET DATA FOR AMERICAN PE'IF. OLEUM INSTITUTE investigation cf Cutaneous Carcinogenic Materials -7 The Kettering Laboratory cstimated budget from July 1, 1952 to July 1, 1955 fP^ensation for Personnel Supervision Chemical technology Principal investigator Research chemists Total $ 8,000.00 12,500.0-, Biological Testing Gross pathology and records Microscopic pathology Technicians (animal tests) Post-mortem examinations Preparation of microscopic slides Total 2,600.00 2,200.0. 3,700.00 1,200.00 3,600.00 Epidemiology Principal investigator Total 3,000.0.^ Other Personnel (indirect) Administration (General administration, accounting, etc.) Other Secretarial and clerical Library Animal Care Glass-ware washing Draughting Janitor and sundry Total ^ 4,503.0. 15,900.00 Total Compensation for Personnel Miscellaneous Exoense Scientific supplies General supplies and replacements Annuities and pensions Travel Animals and food Maintenance, heat, light, power , telephone service Stationery, postage, office supplies , and medical art .7.030.00 5 620.00 4,260.0-j 5.000.00 4,c0j 00 5.700.0. 1,070 JO 95>uOJ.jj 20,503.03 13,300.00 5,000.00 20*550-03 64,350.00 API 05252 miscellaneous Expense Continued Educational expense, development work and periodicals Total Miscellaneous Expense 7>l6o.QQ 40,410. J-J r0tal estimated expenditures ?104,7o0.0j API 05253 Copy from D. . Btroop to Dr. M. I. lewoulst 3-14-52 coft unrasirx or czKmusz Deparbmnt of freventlve Medicine and Industrial Health _ lettering laboratory of Medicine - Sdsn Avenue gJpiSaati 19, Ohio March 12, 1992 Mr. D. V. Stroop American Petroleum Institute 50 Vest 50th Street lev York City 20 Sear Mr. 8troop: For your infomnatloa I as sending you herevith a statement of expenditures made on behalf of American petroleum Institute during the fourth quarter of 1991. The check in the amount of $31,692.42 vhioh vaa acknowledged in my letter of December 29 was received too late for inclusion in tbs accounting reeorda of the University, and therefore la not shown on the statement as received in 1991* I believe that otherwise the statement Is self-explanatory, but if you have any questions or coamenta, Doctor Zehoe would appreciate your bringing them to his attention. Tery truly yours, /a/ I. I. Tertises I. S. Tortlage, Secretary to Sr. Xehoe ef API 05254 TSZTXBBXTX OF CHC1HATI DRnilQ LABGRASORI ACCODR OF AKBICAl PITBOUCM USTlTWa For the Fourth Quarter 19% fiiSB (laaed oa Proportion of flat Aetna! ly Spent oa Project) 8oh*rt A. lahoe - Buparrliloa yyaasl* HTroth - Oeasral Technical Supervision John Fbair Vetlaj Hearton - Coordination of Xxpertmeatal Work paMol *7* - Technical Assistance path Fieri* -" * Dorothy Tempi*ton- " * Harlon Duvall - " " Halph Denham - " * Cairle Sivley - " " Valdo Tonaker - " " Trank Cleveland - Pathological Analataae* Url jrantl* - Teehnleal Analataae* Trank Dutra - Pathological Aaelstanee 90.00 67*50 1,375.02 2,133*2* 1,125.00 1,200.00 563 *16 295.2* 3*5*00 30*.82 79.12 8*.23 28.00 9.26 *pmiAMW08 gPElSE Terehaa* of Animal a ....................................................................... Traveling Hzpenae .......................................................... laboratory Buppllea .......................................... Proportion of Secretarial, Library, Janitor*, Wash Boya, Draftsmen, Shipping Clark*, Animal Caretaker*, ate. .. Uatopathologloal Preparation .................................................. Proportion of Heat, Qaa, Xleotrlelty, Steam, Telephone, Poetaga, PenaIona, Aaamltlea, Maintenance, Animal Food aad Supplies, ate....................................................................... 7,699.59 306.00 826.52 361.79 7,5*1*72 1,657*50 6,330*77 Wttl 2*,723*9 Mann* Available for Further Work at Xnd of 3rd Quarter 1951 $*3,718.95 XxpeaAltorea - Ath Quarter 1931 .............................................. 2A.723.89 lalam* Available for Further Work at li* of Ath Quarter 19% .................................................... 18,995.06 API 05255 API 05256 ,,4 l,^*T0*r UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI > DEPAKTMEMT OF FEIVINTIVt MEDICINE AMD 1HDUSTBIAL HEALTH March 15, 195? CABLE AOOHESSi ERLAB. CIHCIHMATI TELEPHONE: CAOTM. MM = v/est 5 ;*"n r treet jj5v York City 50 ' year Mr. St roc?: fcr your information I an sending you herewith a statener.1: of oj-enditures made on behalf of American Petroleum Institute during the fourth quarter of 1951* The check in the amount of $51,592.-5 which was acknowledged in my letter of December 59 vas received too late for inclusion in the accounting records of the University, and therefore is not shown on the statement as received in 1951* I believe that o^hervipp :-';e >*i ailment is eelfgi^^ana! , but if jtu lave any q/esticns or comments. Doc tory would appreciate your bringing them to his attention. Very truly years ef Inc. Dr. Kehoe API 05257 UNIVERSITY OP CINCINNATI * KETTERING LABORATORY ACCOUNT OP AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE For the Fourth Quarter 1951 (Basd on Proportion of Tine Actually v Spent on Project) *ert A. Kehoe - Supervision fScls HejTOtti - General Technical Supervision - Coordination of Experimental Work : Technical Assistance Ltb Pierle - frothy Templeton- Jjrion Duvall - n n n n Ljph Denham - N N rrie Sivley waldo Younker - N a M a jank Cleveland - Pathological.Assistance jarl Kraut le - Technical Assistance rank Dutra - Pathological Assistance 90.00 67.50 1575.02 2155.24 1125.00 1200.00 565.16 295.24 545.00 504.82 79.12 84.25 28.00 9.26 llTTflf^US EXPENSE 7699.59 g purchase of Animals 506.00 Traveling Expense 826.52 Laboratory Supplies 561.79 proportion of Secretarial, Library, Janitors, Wash Boys, Draftsman, Shipping Clerks, Animal Caretakers etc .... 7541.72 Histopathological Preparation................................................................ 1657.50 Proportion of Heat, Gas, Electricity, Steam, Telephone, Postage, Pensions, Annuities, Maintenance, Animal Pood and Supplies etc........................................................................................ 6550.77 TOTAL 24,725.89 Balance Available for Further Work at End of 5rd Quarter 1951............................................ $45,718.95 Expenditures - 4th Quarter 1951 ................................. 24,725.89 Balance Available for Further Work at End of 4th Quarter 1951 ........................................ 18,995*06 API 05258 American Petroleum Institute SO WEST BOTH STREET NEW YORK 20. N. Y. March 20, 1952 . To Members and Associates Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity Gentlemen: I am enclosing a copy of the minutes of the meeting of the Research Project Advisory Committee vhlch vas held at Kettering Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio, February 26, 1952. Will you kindly indicate your approval or disapproval of the actions and decisions of the R.F.A. Committee on the enclosed letter ballot and return it to me. Negative votes should be accompanied by an explanation. I will also appreciate receiving any comments and suggestions you may have concerning the research project at Kettering Laboratory. Very truly yours, 7D.7), MNN:RMS Enclosures me: Members and Associates Medical Advisory Coamittee (Without letter ballot) M. N. HEWQUISt> M.D. Chairman, Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity API 05259 of the Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity Medical Advisory Committee American Petroleum Institute PLEASE MAPS AND RETURN TO: Dr. M. N. Newquist, Chairman Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity c/o The Texas Company 135 East 42nd Street Nev York 17, Hew York Shall the actions and decisions of the Research Project Advisory Committee, as shown in the minutes of the February 26, 1952 meeting at Kettering Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio, be approved by the Subcommittee: Yes Ho* Hot voting (* It is requested that any negative vote be accompanied by an explanation.) NAME___ COMPANY. DAIS API 05260 I > Far Information Only - Hot For Publication REPORT ON SECOND MEETING Rasearch Project JC-1 Advisory Coaaiittee February 26, 1952 Kettering Laboratory Clntlnnatl, Ohio MEMBERS present or represented M. N. NevquiBt, M.D. - Chairman E. W. Adams L. C. Beard, Jr. Kieffer Davis, M.D. Robert E. Eokardt, M.D. T. M. Frank, M.D. R. M. Landon E. K. Under, M.D. K. G. Mackenzie R. C. Mithoff R. M. Shepardson MEMBERS ABSENT AHD NOT REPRBSEHTED C. E. Hine, MD. OTHERS PRESENT Kenneth R. Fourchar, M.D. F. F. Heyroth, M.D. A. W. Horton Robert A. Kehoe, M.D. John J. Phalr, M.D. B. B. Reeve, M.D. API 05261 ) -2* I PROPOSED OBJECTIVES AMD STUDIES The following memorandum was presented by Dr. W. A. Horton and pp, John J. Phair, with full dlecueslon by those present: Experiments on Samples of High Potency to Improve Analytical Tools 1. Emphasis on cracked sidestreams from F.C.C. and Coking units, and some cracked residua from T.C.C. units, which have exhibited much higher potencies than predicted on the basis of absorption spectra in the 350-^50 a AX, range. a. Contribution of white oil fractions to effective potencies (Initial work on API-8 and 71). b. Contribution of fractions, boiling below 675 F*, to effective potencies. c. Catalytic Influence on carcinogenesis of dodecylbenzene used previously not dependent on highly branched side chain; same effect observed with straight chain 2-phenyldodecane. d. Consideration of earlier work on limited application tests. 2. Relative contributions of various types of polycyclic compounds to effective potencies of oils. a. Pyrene type (Including benzpyrenes) more important than non* pyrene type in API-23, F.C.C. cracked sidestream. b. Reverse true In fractions 8*10 and 6*11, In which b-rlnged polycycllcs predominate, of API-8, F.C.C. cracked residuum. c. Further experimentation planned along this line with the aim of developing correction factors to extend the range of applicability of available analytical techniques for estimating potencies. B. Experiments on Samples of Low to Moderate Potency 1. Untreated lube distillates. a. Spectra of fractions of Oklahoma, Kuwait, and lagunlllaa crudes received from British Medical Research Council. b. ' Comparison of spectra of distillates from Gulf Coastal crudes with thoee above and with spectra of API-56, Mid-Continent paraffin distillate, and API-79, San Joaquin (California) naphthenic distillate. c. Prediction of potency of many of these distillates from physical properties still more an art than a science; more study needed. API 05262 -3* 2. Experiments on skin creams and cleansing agents. . a. Tins of appearance of tumors Induced by API-8 retarded by barrier cream used (Experiments 312 and 306 described In report of September 25, 1951) b. Further experiments along this line, using cream made up of lanolin and olive oil. Modification of Method of Presentation of Data on Individual Animal Experiments . 1. Inclusion of average weight curves (see examples attached). 2. Correction of tumor Index curves based on "normal" distribution of times of appearance of tumora. * a. Deviation from "normal" distribution ascribed to variations In health of animals. b. Average latent periods for tumor induction (and correlated values of relative potency, F^g) based on corrected tumor Index curves. Standardization of Testing Methods (see outline dated January 30, 1952) 1. Control of variations In health of animals. a. Efforts to prevent spread of intercurrent Infections by sterilization of cages and equipment and isolation of sick animals. b. Proportional reduction of total dosage of oil per application end area of skin covered to alleviate systemic toxic effects without lengthening the average latent periods for tumor Induction. c. Possible elimination of traces of highly toxic constituents of oils by percolation through a suitable adsorbent (probably not applicable to residual fuel oils). 2. The relative carcinogenic potency, Pjg, as a value dependent only upon the composition of the material tested, but Independent of variations In strain of mice, frequency of application and dosage per application. . 3> Reproducibility of determinations of relative potency, Pjg. a. Repeat experiments on selected oils for biological reproducibility. b. Application of statistical methods to analyze observed variance. API 05263 -4- t procurement of Pure Hydrocarbons for Determination of Catalytic Effects *' (Allcylarcmatlcs) and Identification of Polycycllcs Isolated from Oils 1. API Research Project 6 at Ohio State University possible source of 1-phenyldecane; other alfrylaromatlcs from API Research Project 45. 2. Generous contribution by Dr. M. S. Neuman, Ohio State University, of methyl derivatives of chrysene, pyrene, phenanthrene, benzo-(c)-phenanthrene, and 1,2benzanthracene. 3. Possible sources of dlmethylpyrenes and benzacrldines in Paris and Brussels being developed. 4. Thanks also due to Professor V. Bergmann, Yale, and Dr. R. N. Jones, National Research Council (Canada), for samples of perylene and various pyrenes. y. Central Cancer Registry (to date) 1. Reporting a. 872 case reports b. 12 ccsipenles 2. Tabulation a. Coding 50 per cent complete b. Punching 25 per cent complete API 05264 -5- US^END FOR DATA S^^TS GW XNX?l viJjUAL IfiXPjiJilMESTS gynbols used in connection with average weight ourvee; Time of death of {, th tumor-free mouse by "natural" causes. Time of death of l th tumor-bearing mouse by "natural" causes. V or EJ Q Time mouse killed. Time of appearance of 1st papilloma in l th mouse. Time of appearance of gross changes Indicative of malignancy in tumor of l th mouse (when this symbol is used for a given mouse after Its death, the malignancy of the tumor vas determinable only by hlstopathology). Cumulative dose-response curves: .s--------------7 Experimental curve for benign papillomas, ------ ------ Hypothetical curve for papillomas, S' ^ Experimental curve for malignant tumors. API 05265 TIME AFTER FIRST P A u m 0 (weeks) 1 "8" McBEE KEY-SORT CODE API CASE STUDY wanks t 1-2-3 Case Number t fc-5 j 6-7 6-9 T 10 Company Number For Future Use Geographic Location Banks B 1-2-3 B U-5 B6 Type of Tumor American Cancer Society Code Primary Site - Maryland State Code Stage of Disease B 7-8 For Future Use B9 Age at Onset B 10 Sex and Race L 1-2 L 3-k L5 L6 L7 Primary Petroleum Occupation B 1-2 Secondary Petroleum Occupation B3 Principal Petroleum Product to Which Exposed Secondary Petrolena Product to Which Exposed Approximate Wo. of Years In the Petroleum Industry Prior to Onset Bk B5 B B7 Principal Other Occupation - National Code Approximate No. of Years Employed at Principal Other Occupation Principal Irritant Other Then Petroleum Exposed ^-o rring-ofpf.7-------- Irritant ^ nt.hg Approximate No. of Years Exposed to Secondary Irritant API 05268 >> -9- flMTON ON TEE ABOVE MEMORANDUM: 1. It was the consensus that more rapid, progress would, he made in developing an analytical tool If known carcinogens In pure solvents were also used In order to establish reliable base lines. - 2. It was agreed to conduct a series of testa on a limited number of rabbits and mice using known carcinogens to establish comparative data and to coordinate, If possible, our findings with those of the British research workers. 3. It was agreed that we modify our previous action limiting studies on crude to Include a heavy distillate of heavy gulf coastal crude and that such a sample should be referred to In subsequent reports by Its spectroscopic character or other appropriate identifying data rather than by Its source. This principle of labeling to be observed If other studies are made of domestic crudes even though no further studies are contemplated at this time. It. It was agreed to study the effects of viscosity by altering the physical rather than the chemical properties of a sample, which could be accomplished by use of additives such as vlstanex, methyl stearates, acrylolds, etc. Mr. R. M. Shepardson offered to supply vlstanex In suitable quantities. 5. It was agreed that study of any possible accelerating or Inhibiting effects of trace metals on carcinogenicity be referred in view of the press of other work. 6. Dr. Phalr made a progress report calling attention to the need far adequate records In various medical depart ments throughout the industry and to the need for obtain ing both historical and current epidemiological data. Practical]y all reports submitted have been historical. In view of the Importance and urgency of collecting reliable biostatIstics, It was voted to request the Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity to Initiate prompt action aimed at adequate records and filing practices and the gathering of the lndloated reports for the central cancer registry. II PROGRESS OF WORE SINCE LAST RPA COMMITTEE MEETINQ 11/26/51 A review of the minutes of the above meeting revealed that the items were either covered by the memorandum presented on 2/26/52 by Drs. Horton and Phalr or they were either under study or about to be studied. API 05269 >> -10- Vlth respect to the study of Scottish shale oil and fractions thereof/ Dr. Horton commented that the studies nay he run outside of the API proJect* Work on an analytical tool Is progressing, using a epeetropbotametrle approach. Eventual success Is hoped for, hut considerable vork famine to he done. Accomplishments, future objectives and budgetary requirements can only he determined as the vork progresses. With respect to accomplishment. It was the consensus that sufficient vork has nov been done at Kettering Laboratory on the subject of carcinogenicity to warrant publishing an article or report In an appropriate scientific Journal. Dr. Kehoe agreed to do this In the reasonably naar future. Ill BUDGET Dr. Kehoe presented his estimated budget of $10U,760 for one year beginning July 1, 1952, covering research project MC-1 API as submitted to Mr. D. 7. Stroop on February 11, 1952. ACTION It vas voted that the budget submitted by Dr. Kehoe, totaling $10U,760 be recommended to the Subcomnlttee on Carcinogenicity for acceptance that the budget so submitted shov amounts assigned to the different types of vork such as chemical, biological and epidemiological studies. 17 TIME AND PUCE OF NEXT MEETING It vas agreed that the RPA Canmlttee vould meet again at the call of the chairman. 7 ADJOURNMENT There being no further business, the meeting vas adjourned. Approved: M. N. Nevquist. M.D. Chairman T. M. Frank. M.D. Acting Secretary API 05270 American Petroleum Institute 80 WEST SOth STREET NEW YORK 20. N. Y. March 21, 1952 To Members and Associates Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity Gentlemen: For the personal and confidential information \ of each of you I am attaching a copy of the Second Report on Mule Spinners' Cancer of the Joint Advisory Committee of the Cotton Industry. This includes a report of their Technical Committee on Mule Spinners' Cancer, all of which was received from the Institute of Petroleum. Very truly yours, MNN-.RMS Enclosure Chairman, Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity me: Members and Associates, Medical Advisory Committee Members, General Committee, Division of Refining Dr. Robert A. Kehoe API 05271 fggNTlAL Received Xp 19 Feb 1952 j-jrrt-'report is iTsued for conridentiai ini'ormation only and on *n account are the contents to be published or communicated to 72, Bridge Street, MANCHESTER, 3December, 1951 H. M. Chief Inspector of Factories Joint Advisory Committee of the Cotton Industry Second Report on Mule Spinners * Cancer In May, 1945, forwarded to you a report from our Sub-Committee dealing with the above subject and this was published by you and circu ited to the trade later that year. That report recommended that anti- jpiash and wiping-down devices be provided on mules, that lubricating Ills should comply with the Manchester Cancer Committee's formula and te subject to an annual check as regards conformity to standard, and ttat all mule spinners should be subject to periodical medical exami- jation. In our covering report, we confirmed those recommendations md suggested that, if possible. Regulations should be made to cover iheae points with the exception of wiping-dov/n devices which we con- lidered could well be dealt with by voluntary agreement. In 1948 highly refined oils, known as technical white oils, became Nailable and, as the attached report indicates, there are reasons for ibelieving that they are likely to be biologically inactive. Although complete confirmation of this would necessitate the lapse of a number of years, it seemed desirable to consider the possibility of the use of these oils in the cotton Industyry. Accordingly the Federation of hater Cotton Spinners Associations, Ltd., took the lead in convening o committee representative of the industry, the oil industry and the Factory Department under the chairmanship of Dr. D. W. Hill of the British Cotton Industry Research Association. After its initial dis cussions, this Committee was adopted by us as a Sub-Committee and Weed to pursue its work. ! We now attach its Report advocating the use of these oils and htting up a standard to which they should conform. The Sub-Committee U satisfied from its tests that the lubricating properties of these *lls are equally as good as those of the oils now in use. At the same ttne, it was well known to them that many mills added a fatty oil to jfceir mineral oils with the idea that lubricity was thereby improved: hey therefore envisaged that such additions might have still to be 'Uowed but pointed out that, after any such addition, the blended oil *ould not be tested in the manner they proposed. API 05272 33 ^rnENTIAL Page 2 As it seemed to us desirable that this difficulty should be re,,ed if possible, we asked that a further set of teats should be made ^ results of these tests are given as an Appendix to the report and confirm its findings so closely that, in our view, the equal tficity of these oils should be accepted as a fact and blending with jjtty oils 8kul<* not allowed. In accepting this Report and commending it to your notice, we ve again considered the question of Regulations. As it seems to us hat the satisfactory use of anti-splash devices is not yet fully stablished, mainly on mules on which paste is used, we now think that neir use should not be made statutory, at any rate for the present. accordingly withdraw our former recommendation on this particular ^nt and recommend that Regulations be made dealing with two points m that the oils used for lubricating mule spindles be restricted to Lchnical white oils which meet the specification laid down in the wport and (2) that all persons engaged in mule spinning be medically jammed every six months in a manner conforming to the suggestions jgde in the previous Sub-Committee fs Report. We also recommend that the British Cotton Industry Research Association be asked to make urangements to continue the annual and Independent testing of oils 0 hitherto. We wish to conclude by expressing our warmest thanks to Dr. Hill ind all the members of his Sub-Committee for their work on this dif ficult question, which work we venture to think will be found to be no means the least step forward towards the end which we all desire We are. Yours faithfully. K. Blackburn, Secretary (Signed) T. P. Threlkeld (Chairman) R. Bramley-Harker, H. S. Butterworth, C. B. Clegg, G. B. Fielding, S. Hird, J. Lindley, A. Naesmith, A. C. C. Robertson, C. Schofield, F. Titherington, F. C. Toy API 05273 * REPORT ON FURTHER TESTS OP THE COMPARATIVE LUBRICATING VALUES OP STANDARD AND TECHNICAL WHITE SPINDLE OILS FOR MULES The Joint Committee on Conditions of Work in the Cotton Trade at its 13th Meeting on 23rd April considered the report of Sub-Committee ' Before coming to a conclusion on the recommendations of the report, was agreed that further tests should be carried out on the lubri cating value of the Technical White Oils. Pour mills were suggested L the Committee as being suitable for the tests. The necessary ar rangements were therefore made with these mills and samples of the ipindle oils normally used were examined for their viscosity at the airley Institute and by the oil company. The two examinations agreed fairly closely and the average viscosities (in centistokes) were as follows: - Mill 1 15.8 Mill 2 18.4 Mill 3 18.1 Mill 4 18.0 jteae results are sufficiently close to Justify supplying the same jechnical White Oil to all four of the mills. The oil supplied had a riscosity of 17.4 centistokes. The power consumption of a mule at each of the four mills was assured first using ordinary spindle oil and, secondly, the Technical llhite Oil supplied by means of a specially-designed dynamometer fas tened to the rim shaft. At each mill the same mule was used for the oomparative tests and in each case the mules were run for a period of one to two weeks after changing oils before fresh measurements were isde. Plain spindle bearings were fitted on each mule. Particulars of the mules are given in Table I and the results of the power consump tion tests in Table II. API 05274 ^IPglTIAL TABLE I PARTICULARS OP MULES Mill No. jlo. of spindles Gauge, inch Weight of full cop, oz. yarn count Spindle speed, r.p.m. 1 1032 1 1/8 1.3 22 10,880 2 1074 1 3/8 1.6 22 10,200 1 1092 1 5/8 1.6 39 7,920 4 1080 1 3/8 1.6 10 8,200 TABLE II HORSE POWER PER 1,000 SPINDLES Mill 1 Mill 2 Mill 3 Mill 4 0f day g.m. Ordinary White Ordinary White Ordinary White Ordinary White 7.3 40 5 8.00 15 45 9.15 45 10.15 45 11.15 45 23.8 18.8 15.6 14.6 14.0 14.4 12.9 12.8 12.8 12.7 12.6 12.6 22.6 17.9 16.1 15.9 15.0 13.9 13.9 13.9 13.6 13.3 13.3 13.0 21.9 17.4 16.9 16.0 15.7 14.7 14.1 14.1 14.1 14.0 14.1 14.1 22.0 17.6 16.7 16.1 15.3 14.6 14.5 14.3 14.3 14.2 14.2 14.0 19.6 14.8 13-4 12.7 12.4 12.1 11.8 11.8 11.4 11.3 11.4 11.2 20.5 13.6 12.9 12.5 12.3 12.1 11.7 11.4 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.2 20.4 16.4 13.8 13.0 12.8 12.6 11.9 11.7 11.9 11.9 11.9 11.9 20.4 14.3 13-3 12.7 12.6 12.5 12.3 12.3 12.2 11.9 11.9 11.9 The results for Mills 2, 3 and 4 show that the power consumption ns almost Identical over a complete morning run for the two oils. The power consumptions at Mill 1 were initially the same hut the white oil led to a slightly higher power consumption after the mules had been running for a time. This may be caused by the higher viscosity of the ihite oil over that of the oil normally used at this mill. The results, therefore, lead to the conclusion that the ordinary and the white ipindle oils have similar lubricating values. API 05275 1J REPORT OF TECHNICAL COMMITTEE ON MULE SPINNERS' CANCER p< Threlkeld, Esq., O.B.E., Superintending Inspector of Factories, chairman. Main Committee on Conditions of Work in the Cotton Trade. 5ir> M In July, 19^8, an ad hoc joint committee composed of representUyes of the Federation of Master Cotton Spinners' Associations, Ltd., Jne Operative Spinners Amalgamation, the Factory Department, the oil eCnpanies supplying spindle oils, and the Shirley Institute was con stituted with the following terms of reference:- (i) To consider methods which may be adopted to reduce the incidence of Mule Spinners' Cancer. (ii) To investigate the qualities of any oils that may be brought to the notice of the Committee, with par ticular reference to lubricating efficiency and viscosity. (ill) In particular, to enquire into the suitability of Technical White Oils for use in mule spinning rooms in cotton mills. (iv) To consider the comparative costs of any oils . found to be satisfactory. (2) After its first meeting, this ad hoc committee was placed upon a permanent and official basis by being reconstituted, in conformity with the recommendation made in April, 19*5, by its predecessors, as Sub committee D of the main Committee set up to advise on the conditions of work in the cotton trade. (3) Like its predecessors, the Committee hold? the view that the tost certain method of preventing Mule Spinners1 Cancer is to restrict oils for lubrication to those which, so far as is known, are non-cancer Producing. From the first, therefore, the Committee directed its at tention particularly to consideration of the use and specification of tee technical white oils which have recently become available to the tedustry. Present information suggests that the cancer-producing, toaponents of existing spindle oils, are aromatic and unsaturated in tearacter. Fortunately, methods have been davised, baaed largely 6n reatment with sulphuric acid, by which, according to the severity of tee treatment accorded, greater or lesser proportions of the undesirable temponents can be removed. API 05276 >0 Page 2 It was necessary to establish whether such oils, when sufficientdrastically refined to remove all detectable quantities of the tfiflterioua components, were still suitable as lubricating agents or pthey could be made so by blending with fatty oils of harmless ^racter. Pour mills assigned mules for trials which were carried ^funder the supervision of the Shirley Institute. The measure of hricating power adopted was based upon a comparison of the power con1 otin by the mules under defined conditions with standard spindle and with new ones based on technical white oils. At two of the 9\ils the mules were driven by electric motors and at the others by the engine. Two technical white oils were used in the trials, one *ing a straight mineral oil and the other a compounded oil containing oil to confer additional lubricity. The results of the tests showed clearly that:- (i) In none of the trials was power consumption greater with the new oils than with standard oils. (ii) Although the trials were carried out on mules fitted with plain bearing spindles, no more frequent oiling was necessary with the new oils than with standard oils. (Hi) This in spite of the fact that the new oils were of slightly lower viscosity than the standard oils. (iv) There was no detectable difference in power consump tion between the straight mineral oil and the compounded oil. (6) The Committee therefore decided that technical white oils are completely satisfactory as mule spindle lubricants and that it is anecessary to provide additional lubricity by compounding with a fatty oil. The Committee recommends therefore that technical white oils ihould be used for the oiling of mule spindles, in view of the fact that there is a prima facie case for their non-carcinogenicity and in ilew of the fact that experiments have shown that their viscosity and lubricating qualities are at least equal to those of spindle oils at present commonly used. (7) The Committee, through its sub-committee, considered many posUble tests which might be used for characterising technical white oils thereby serving as the basis for a specification. Because of their fctracteristics, the undesirable components impart the colour usually tosociated with spindle oils and the greater the degree of their re*oval, the less coloured becomes the final product. The Committee is tf the opinion therefore that although the test for colour given in the Appendix to this Report may appear to some to be too simple to be Wective, it is the most conclusive test of drastic refining which we ave been able to accept, it is, for example, so sensitive In the ^tage proposed that the addition of 0.5 per cent of an ordinary spindle *U to an oil conforming to the Specification would reduce its Saybolt tolour from + 30 to + 25. The Committee recommends therefore that the Ills used for the lubrication of spinning mules should conform to the Specification given as an Appendix to thiB Report. API 05277 ^ Page 3 . One difficulty which presented itself was that, in practice, it rLrtt uncommon to b end straight mineral oils with fatty oils with the l9.git of improving the lubricity of the former. No reliable test for jwJj a compounded oil has been placed before the Committee, which has ^jlgfore restricted the specification to the mineral oil. Moreover A*tests described above showed no difference in lubricating value be- een a straight mineral oil and a blended oil. Nevertheless there may some who would prefer to use a blended oil and the Committee is of *e opinion that the addition of up to 10 per cent of suitable fatty ^,9 such as acidless tallow, lard, sperm rapeseed, whale, ground-nut neatsfoot would present no health hazard and that such an addition be permitted at the wish and discretion of the purchaser. fi] it is emphasised that the mineral oil component will be expected y conform to the Specification for Saybolt colour and the blended oil ; the viscosity requirements but the latter can no longer be tested ' ainst the Specification. The Committee recommends therefore that, so J,r as possible, users of blended oils should take special care to en;gre that they obtain the right kind of oil and that suppliers should )jcilltate this by supplying the oils in readily identifiable con tainers preferably under a registered name. jO) The Committee is of the opinion that the introduction of'tech nical white oils is a great step forward in the conquest of Mule Spin es' Cancer and that the adoption of the recommended Specification Jill help to ensure their wide adoption in the industry. It regards .jfi whole question as one of the great urgency and importance and there fore recommends very strongly that appropriate action should be taken make the Specification as effective as possible at the earliest ;cssible date. 11) The Committee wishes also to endorse the recommendations of their oredecessors, first, that there should be periodic medical examinations fall persons engaged in mule spinning and second, that suitable de rices to prevent the splashing of oil from mule spindles shall be rrovided so far as practicable. j-;i2) In the view of the Committee the proposed Specification is severe ad more than adequate on the basis of present information to ensure aat oils used are Innocuous. It is aware that a comprehensive pro*- ramme of research into the carcinogenicity of mineral oils has been Initiated by the Medical Research Council and the Institute of Petro leum. It is possible that future investigations may make it desirable 3 modify the proposed Specification. The present position is based on ae facts as known at this date only. Future improvements are to be aped for and expected, and as they become available they should be de known to the trade. To this end the Committee recommends that it kept in being and that the way be left open for a revision of the feecification as and when sufficient evidence to warrant it becomes tollable. Summary API 05278 The Committee's recommendations are:- 1. That Technical White Oils should be used for the oiling of mule spindles. 2. That the oils used for the lubrication of mule spindles should conform to the Specification given as an Appendix to this report. Page 4 3. That so far as possible users of blended oils should take special care to ensure that they obtain the right kind of oil and that suppliers should facilitate this by supplying the oils in readily identifiable containers preferably under a registered name. 4. That appropriate action should be taken to make the Specification as effective as possible at the earliest possible date. 5. That the Committee be kept in being and that the way be left open for a revision of the Specification as and when sufficient evidence to warrant it becomes available. The Committee wishes to express its appreciation of the valuable ervices of its Secretary, Mr. Gregson, of the great help which it !gS received from the representatives of the oil companies and of 19. collier and Miss Mone for the great care taken in the recording preparation of the Minutes of the Committee Meetings. We are. Sir, Yours faithfully. S. Gregson Secretary (Signed) Douglas W. Hill Chairman S. J. M. Auld, H. S. Butterworth, F. Charnley, Robert Gregson, C. Henniker-Heaton, Albert Knowles, W. S. Moore, R. Murray, Charles Schofield, H. W. Stevenson, J. A. Witworth API 05279 APPENDIX Specification for White Oils for the Lubrication of Mule Spindles These Oils shall be hydrocarbon oils of petroleum origin which aVe been drastically refined with sulphuric acid and which are <nerally understood in the Petroleum Industry as ''White Oils". i They shall meet the following specification:- :lour ;------- - Saybolt A.S.T.M. DI56-38, (I.P. 18/42) not darker than + 30. As an alternative the WOMA instrument may be used, in which case the colour shall be not darker than W.O.M.A. 3. viscosity Centistokes at 140P. 16-21. (I.P. 71/47). API 05280 u N newouist- m.d. * MmEeDdIiCcAaLl dire* ctor THE TEXAS COMPANY 135 EAST A2" STREET NEW YORK 17, N.Y. March 18, 1952 Mr. D. V. Stroop Department of Technical Service American Petroleum Institute 50 West 90th Street New York 20, New York Dear Mr. Stroop: I believe that the attached report is of sufficient importance to warrant sending it to the General Committee, Division of Refining. Mr. L. C. Beard and Mr. K. G. Mackenzie concur in this opinion. You nay wish to submit this matter to Ur. Gunn for possible distribution to members of the General Committee. In any event will you kindly arrange to mimeograph and circularize the report to the members and associates of the Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity and the others on the Medical Advisory Committee. Very truly yours API 05281 AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE 50 WEST 50TH STREET NEW YORK 20, N. Y. .0} i.!arch 13, 1052 / riemoars -.nd Associates Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity jf y Gentlemen: __t>ex*et\ci\ *0^^ I am attaching frrn paiii^tnfnirmatla;* a copy of the Second Report on Mule Spinners' Cancer of the Joint Advisory Committee of the Cotton Industry. This includes a report of their Technical Committee on Mule Spinners' Cancer, all of which was received from the Institute of Petroleum. Very truly yours, M. N. NEWQUI Chairman, SubcommTt'tee on Carcinogenicity MNNsRMS SHC . me: Members and Associates, Medical Advisory Committee \\* tlpmClt. ~ t~**^***t- V_BK\T*\TTM. -- w^ API 05282 3>is .erort i3 issued for confli- atial infcrnaticn or.*7 arid on no account are^et, contents to De -ublished or coranmloatrBRTgB, 3. others*......... ' ^__uker, 1951. j3: fi.M. Chief Inspector of Factories JONFIDENTIAC) Si^ joint Advisory Committee of the Cotton T"*"try , Second Report on Mule Spinners' Cancer f j ,, fa *- IP / v'ln May, 194-5, we forwarded to you a report from our Sub-Comnittee dealing with the above subject and this was published by you and circulated to che trade later that year. That report recommended that anti-splash and wiping-down devices be provided on nules, that lubricating oils should comply with the Manchester Cancer Committee's formula ani be subject to an annual check as regards conformity to standard, and that all mile spinners shelid be subject to periodical medical examination. In our covering report, we confirmed those recomnendations and suggested that, if possible, pezulations should be made to cover these points with the exception of -^iping-down devices which we considered could well be dealt with by voluntary agreement. In 1948 highly refined oils, known as technical white oils, became available and, as the attached report indicates, there are reasons for believing that they are likely to be biologically inactive. Although complete confirmation of this would necessitate the lapse of a number of years, it seemed desirsble to consider the possibility of the use of these oils in the cotton industry. Accordingly the Federation of Master Cotton Spinners Associations, Ltd., took the lead in convening a cosmittee representative of the industry, the oil industry and the Factory Department under the chairmanship of Dr. D-W. Hill of the British Cotton Industry Research Association. After its initial discussions, this Committee was adopted by us as a 3ib-Committee and asked to pursue its work. We now attach ita Report advocating the use of these oils and setting up a standard to which they should conform. The Sub-Committee is satisfied from its tests that the lubricating properties of these oils are equally as good as those of the oils now in use. At the same time, it was well known to them that many mills added a fatty oil to their mineral oils with the idea that lubricity was thereby improved; they therefore envisaged that such additions might have still to be allowed but pointed out that, after any such addition, the blended oil could not be tested in the manner they proposed. As it seemed to us desirable that this difficulty should be removed if possible, we asked that a further set of tests should be made. The results of these tests are given as an Appendix to the report and they confirm its findings so closely that, in our view, the equal lubricity of these oils should be accepted as a fact and blending with fatty oils should not be allowed. In accepting this Report and comaending it to your notice, we have again considered the question of Regulations. As it seems to us that the satisfactory U3e of anti-splaah devices is not yet fully established, mainly on mules on which paste is used, we now think that their use should not be made statutory, at any rate for the present. We accordingly withdraw our former reconznendation on this particular point and recoamend that Regulations be made dealing with two points - (1) that the oils used for lubricating mule spindles be restricted to technical white oils which meet the specification laid down in the Report and (2) that all persons engaged in mule spinning be medically examined every six months in a manner conforming to the suggestions made in the previous Sub-Committee' s Report. We also recommend that the British Cotton Industry Research Association be asked to nmte arrangements to continue the annual and independent testing of oils as hitherto. API 05283 fi t We wish to conclude "by expressing our warmest thanks to Dr. H and all the members of his Sub-Committee for their work on this diffi question, which w>rk we venture to think will be found to be by no me the least step forward towards the end which we all desire. We are, Yours faithfully. E.K. Blackburn, Secretary (Signed) T. P. Threlkeld (Chairman) R. Bramley-Harker, H.S. Butterworth, C.B. Clegg, G-.B. Fielding, S. Hird, J. Lindley, A* Naesmith, A.C.C. Robertson, C. Schofield, P. Titherington, F.C. Toy API 05284 REPORT ON FURTHER TESTS OF THE COMPARATIVE LUBRICATING VALUES OF STANDARD AND TECHNICAL WHITE SPINDLE OILS FOR MULES The Joint Committee on Conditions of Work in the Cotton Trade at its 13th Meeting on 23rd April considered the report of Sub-Coranittee D* Before coming to a conclusion on the recommendations of the report, it was agreed that further tests should be carried out on the lubricating value of the Technical White Oils. Pour mills were suggested by the Coranittee as being suitable for the tests. The necessary arrangements were therefore made with these mills and samples of the spindle oils normally used were examined for their viscosity at the Shirley Institute and by the oil company. The two examinations agreed fearly closely and the average viscosities (in centistokes) were as follows Mill 1 Mill 2 Mill 3 Mill 4 t 15.8 18.4 18.1 18.0 These results are sufficiently close to justify supplying the same Technical White Oil to all four of the mills. The oil supplied had a viscosity of 17-4 centistokes. The power consumption of a mule at each of the four mills was measured first using ordinary spindle oil and, secondly, the Technical. White Oil supplied by means of a specially-designed dynamometer fastened to the rim shaft. At each mill the same mule was used for the comparative tests and in each case the miles were run for a period of one to two weeks after changing oils before fresh measurements were made. plain spindle bearings were fitted on each mule, particulars of the miles are given in Table I and the results of the power consumption tests in Table II. API 05285 0r TABLE I PARTICOIARS OF HOLES ,, 0f spindles , ge, ^ of full cop, oz. urn count jpiile speed, r. p.m. ' j . ' 1 1032 1 1.3 22 10,880 '? i 1074 1 ll . 1.6 1 22 10,200 3 1092 If i7l 39 7,920 1 1080 1* 1.6 10 8,200 TABLE II HORSE POWER PER 1,000 ^SPINDLES. [ft* __----MjTT Hill 2 ---------Mill 3 Mill 4 r* ' Ordinary1 White_ Ordinary White Ordinary White 1 Ordinary White jjc : U! 1[l050 i! '*5 ! (.15 | 45 i W! ; 115 i ! 23.8 . 18.8 15.6 , 14.6 14.0 , 24.4 ; 12.9 : 12.8 ` 12.8 12.7 . 12.6 j 12.6 22.6 17.9 16.1 15.9 15.0, 13.9 13.9 13.9 13.6 13.3 13.3 13.0 21.9 17.4 16.9 16.0 15.7 14.7 14.1 14.1 14.1 14.0 14.1 14.1 | 22.0 | 17.6 : 16.7 ! 16.1 ! 15.3 1 14.6 -14.5 ' 14.3 : 14.3 ! 14.2 * 14.2 14.0 1. 19.6 14.8 13.4 12.7 12.4 12.1 11.8 11.8 11.4 11.3 11.4 11.2 20.5 1 13.6 j 12.9 i 12.5 12.3 12.1 i ! : 11.7 11.4 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.2 . , j < ! !1 20.4 16.4 13.8 13.0 12.8 12.6 11.9 11.7 11.9 11.9 11.9 11.9 20.4 14.3 13.3 12.7 12.6 12.5 12.3 12,3 12.2 11.9 11.9 11.9 The results for Hills 2, 3 and 4 shoe that the poser consumption was almost identical over a complete morning run for the too oils. The poser consumptions at Hill 1 sere initially the same but the shite oil led to a slightly higher poser consumption after the miles had been running for a time. This may be caused by the higher viscosity of the shite oil over that of the oil normally used at this mill. The results, therefore, lead to the conclusion that the ordinary and the shite spindle oils have similar lubricating values. API 05286 REPORT OF TECHNICAL COMMITTEE m MOLE SPDHOS1 CANCER j.p. Tbrelkeld, Esq., O.B.E., H.M. Superintending Inspector of Factories, Chairman, Main Comsittee on Conditions of Work in the Cotton Trade. Sir* (1) In July, 1948, an ad hoo joint committee composed of representatives of the Federation of Master Cotton Spinners' Associations, Ltd., the Operative Spinners Amalgamation, the Factory Department, the oil companiee supplying spindle oils, and the Shirley Institute mas constituted with the following terms of reference (i) To consider methods which may he adopted to reduce the incidence of Mule Spinners' Canoer. (ii) To investigate the qualities of any oils that may he brought to the notioe of the Committee, with particular reference to lubricating efficiency and viscosity. (ill) In particular, to enquire into the suitability of Technical White Oils for use in male spinning roams in cotton mills. (iv) To consider the comparative costs of any oils found to be eatisfaetory. (2) After lta first meeting, this ad hoc ootanittee was placed upon a permanent and official basis by being reconstituted, in conformity with the recomnendation made in April, 1945, by ite predecessors, as Suh-Comsittee D of the mnin Committee set up to advise on the conditions of work in the cotton trade. (3) Like ita predecessors, the Comsittee holds the view that the most certain method of preventing Mule Spinners' Canoer is to restrict oils for lubrication to those which, so far as is known, are non-cancer producing, prom the first, therefore, the Comsittee directed its attention particularly to consideration of the use end apeoifioation of the technioal white oils which have recently become available to the industry. Present information suggests that the canoer-produclng components of existing spindle oils are arematio and unaaturated in character. Fortunately, methods have been devised, based largely on treatment with sulphuric &oid, by which, according to the severity of the treatment accorded, greater or lesser proportions of the undesirable components can be removed. (4) It wae necessary to establish whether such oils, when sufficiently drastically refined to remove all detectable quantities of tbs deleterious components, were still suitable as lubricating agents or whether they ooold be made ao by blending with fatty oils of harmless character. Four mills assigned moles for trials which were carried cut under the supervision of the Shirley Institute. The measure of lubricating power adopted was based upon a comparison of the power consumption by the mules under defined conditions with standard spindle oils and with new ones baaed on technical white oila. At two of the mills the mules were driven by electric motors and at the others by the mill engine. Two technical white oila were used in the trials, one being a straight mineral oil end the other a compounded oil containing fatty oil to confer additional lubricity. i. API 05287 CL The results of the teats showed clearly that;- (i) In none of the trials was power consumption greater with the new oils than with standard oils. (ii) Although the trials were carried out on sules fitted with plain bearing spindles, no more frequent oiling was necessary with the new oils than with standard oils. /(iii) This in spite of the fact that the new oils were of - slightly lower viscosity than the standard oils. (iv) There was no detectable difference in power consumption between the straight mineral oil and the compounded oil. (6) The Committee therefore decided that technical white oils ire completely satisfactory as mule spindle lubricants and that it is unnecessary to provide additional lubricity by compounding with a fatty oil. The Committee recommends therefore that technical white oils should be used for the oiling of mule spindles, in view of the fact that there is a primn facia case for their non-carcinogenicity and in view of the fact that experiments have shown that their viscosity and lubricating qualities are at least equal to those of spindle oils at present commonly used. (7) The Committee, through its sub-committee, considered many possible tests which might be used for characterising technical white oils thereby serving as the basis for a specification. Because of their characteristics, the undesirable components impart the colour usually associated with spindle oils and the greater the degree of their removal, the less coloured becomes the final product. The Committee is of the opinion therefore that although the test for colour given in the Appendix to this Report mey appear to some to be too simple to be effective, it is the most conclusive test cf drastic refining which we have been able to accept. It is, for example, so sensitive in the range proposed that the additidn of 0.5 per cent of an ordinary spindle oil to an oil conforming to the Specification would reduce its Saybolt colour from * 30 to + 25* The Committee recommends therefore that the oils used for the lubrication of spinning mules should conform to the Specification given as an Appendix to this Report. ^(8) One difficulty which presented itself was that, in practice, it is not uncommon to blend straight mineral oils with fatty oils with the object of improving the lubricity of the former. No reliable test for such a compounded oil has been placed before the Committee, which has therefore restricted the specification to the mineral oil. Moreover the tests described above showed no difference in lubricating value between a straight mineral oil and a blended oil. Nevertheless there may be some who would prefer to use a blended oil and the Coccittee is of the opinion that the addition of up to 10 per cent of suitable fatty oils such as acidless tallow, lard, . sperm, rapeseed, whale, ground-nut or neatsfoot would present no health hazard and that such an addition nay be permitted at the wish and discretion of the purchaser. ' (9) It is emphasised that the mineral oil component will be expected to conform to the Specification for Saybolt colour and the blended oil to the viscosity requirements but the latter can no longer be tested against the Specification. The Cocnittee API 05288 recommends therefore that, so far as possible, users of blended oils should take special care to ensure that they obtain the right kind of oil and that suppliers should facilitate this by supplying the oils in readily identifiable containers preferably under a registered name. (10) The Committee is of the opinion that the introduction of technical white oils is a great step forward in the conquest of Mule Spinners'Cancer and that the adoption of the recomoended Specification will.help to ensure their wide adoption in the industry. It regards the whole question as one of great urgency and importance and therefore recommends very strongly tnat appropriate action should be taken to make the Specification as effective as possible at the earliest possible date. (11) The Committee v/ishes also to endorse the recommendations of their predecessors, first, that there should be periodic medical examinations of all persons engaged in mule spinning and second, that suitable devices to prevent the splashing of oil from mule spindles shall be provided so far as practicable. (12) In the view of the Committee the proposed Specification is severe and more than adequate on the basis of present information to ensure that oils used are innocuous. It is aware that a comprehensive programme of research into the carcinogenicity of mineral oils has been initiated by the Medical fiesearch Council and the Institute of letroleum. It is possible that future investigations may make it desirable to modify the' proposed Specification. The present position is based on the facts as known at this date only, future improvements are to be hoped for and expected, and as they become available they should be made known to the trade. To this end the Committee recommends that it be kept in being and that the way be left open for a revision of the Specification as end when sufficient evidence to warrant it becomes available. The Committee's reconmendations are:- 1. That Technical White Oils should be used for the oiling of ' mule spindles. 2. That the oils used for the lubrioation of rule spindles should conform to the Specification given as an Appendix to this report. ^ 3. That so far as possible users of blended oils should take special care to ensure that they obtain the right kind of oil and that suppliers should facilitate this by supplying the oils in readily identifiable containers preferably under a registered name. 4. That appropriate action should be taken to make the Specification as effective as possible at the earliest possible date. 5. That the Committee be kept in being and that the way be left open for a revision of the Specification os and when sufficient evidence to warrant it becomes available. 3 wr.ar*;' API 05289 The Comnittee wishes to express its appreciation of the valuable services of its Secretory, Mr. Gregson, of the great help which it has received from the representatives of the oil companies and of Mrs. Collier and Miss Mcne for the great care taken in the reporting and preparation of the Minutes of the Conndttee Meetings. . Gregson, Secretary We are, Sir, Yours faithfully, (Signed) Douglas T. BUI Chairman SJ M. inlA, E.S. Buttereorth, F. Chamlsy, Bobert Gregson, C. HeBniksr-Seatan, Albert Snowies, W.S. Users, B Warsy, Cbakles Schofield, H.l. Stevenson, J.A. Whitworth API 05290 k. APPENDIX Specification for White Oils for the Lubrication of I*ule Spindles These Oils shall be hydrocarbon oils of petroleum origin which have been drastically refined with sulphuric acid and which are generally understood in the Petroleum Industry as "White Oils". They shall meet the following specification:- Colour - Saybolt A.S.T.M. D156-38, (I.P. 18A2) not darter than +30. As an alternative the WQMA instrument nay be used, in which case the colour shall be not darter than W.O.M.A. 3. Viscosity - Centistotes at 1A0F. 16 - 21. (I.P. 71/47). API 05291 TEXACO DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION Now York 17, I. I., lUroh 24, 1952 MEDICAL ADYISORI COOCITTEE SUBCOMMITTEE ON CARCINOGENICITT RESEARCH PROJECT ADVISORY C{HUTTO pf. M. M. Newquiet Building par Sir: Referring to your lottor of March 20, 1952 onelosing tho giautoe of tho sooting of tho above eoaaitteo hold la Claeianatl on fibruory 26. I on roturning ay ballot approving tho ainutos. I hove oa* ouggootion, however, to aako. In paragraph 6, pago 9, it otatoa: It was voted to roquoat tho SuboooodLttoo on Caroinogonieity to Uitiato prpapt action aiaod at adoquato rocordo, etc.* Sinoo I wo should not in any any offand tho Subooaalttee on Nodical Practices, tho action roally was to roquoot tho Subooaaittoo on Careinogonicity to roquoot tho Modical Advisory Coaaittoo. Tho Subeeaaittoo on Careinogonicity has no authority over tho work of tho Subcoaalttee on Nodical Practices. Tho Subeoaaittaa on Caroinogoni eity has ono of two courses to follow - to request tho Nodical Advisory Coaaittoo to initiate sueh work through tho Subcoanittoo on Nodical Practices or to suggest to tho Subooaaittoo that sueh work is desirable. I, personally, auch prefer tho directive rather than tuggostiyn nethod of procedure. Tory truly yours, ttM-YRC Attachnent Nr. D. V. Stroop S^r^d: I. 3. Mackensi K. 0. MACKENZIE API 05292 Mow York 17, I. T., March 2$, 1952 MEDICAL ASTI SORT COMICITU SUBCOMHTSX 01 CARCIROOEUCIYI RESEARCH PROJECT ADVISORY COUTTH Mr. K. 0. Maekonslo Building . Doar Sir i In eonnoetion with your lottor of March 2l}, tho mm objective can bo rooehod by submitting tho request to tho Subooadttoo on Carcinogenicity and lotting thorn rofor it to tho propor coaalttoo - wig tho Modioal Advisory Coaalttoo. fho Medical AdTlaorj Coaalttoo oan than assign it to tho Modioal fraticoo Coaaittoo. In that acaner tho R.P.A* Coaalttoo will not bo waning tho ^olo *iow. Tory truly youro, u N. rrEWQUlST, M.D. vtdical dieectom M. I. IE1QUIST, I. D. MVltIMS API 05293 April 4, 1958 To: Members of the Special Coordinating Committee Kieffsr Davie, M.D. Kenneth R. Fourcher, M.D. M. K Nevquist, M.D. B B. Reeve, M.D. Gentlemen: At the request of Dr. Linder there Is enclosed for your Information, a copy of letter dated March 25 from w. T. Gunn enclosing report by Mr. William Baden on your meeting of February 27 with representatives of the Division of Refining. Very truly yours. DYS: rd dnc cc - E. K. Linder R. M London API 05294 T American Petroleum Institute SO WEST 50TH STREET NEW YORK 20. N. Y. officers c0oaAtT., chairman or S OARO . ***%0RTER. president ^-UnELJ- II. vice-president ^ ^HlART. JR-. VICE-PRESIDENT jr.. `' VICE* PRESIDENT *7 KENNEDY ftV,tHCER. vie-PTMRES-IDENT *TER JENNINGS. TREASURER , F^ KER. "cy-l anisect. AND ASST. TREAS. ^rtAUCO^ITTEE jr.. cCHhAaIiRrmMAaNi <^N. vi.c.CHAIRMAN ' eAV. SECRETARY March 25, 1952 DIVISION OF REFINING W. T. GUNN, soocm `wain1* **. *oe" f , BOWLES ^g H. ^TLlTHAU* -VcH**' ^0,-OEY b*k* r^rtSSUEON F .FUME" -g, HANCOCK U-UJN ^gUtCY ITSE (WOMAN l u FORTUNE r^TtSLANOrlTT [ollOH tiurroN t, lynch A. MACHRtS llSA6*UDCR martin ^bateer ISCCONNELL 0. SCCURRY rt SILLER .0.SOORI NAOEN *. NEWTON C. NICLSCN 6. OSBORN &0AULBEN IHULUB E PFARR .S. BOBBIE U.MUilOBCRSON ESfomooo 'ONORESSER ONNCSORN. Ill -* STROUD RnajvAN tTATl kt WTBWORTH ** **ATU [* VAIOCN * WERTX WILUamb `4^OQOWARD ynn **NRUN To the Members of the General Committee, Division of Refining. Gentlemen: Enclosed is copy of a report by Mr. William Naden, dated March 11, 1952, on a meeting held February 27, 1952, between representatives of the Division of Refining and representatives of the Medical Advisory Committee, Department of Safety. This matter will be on the agenda of the meeting of the General Committee in San Francisco, May 15, 1952. Your attention is called to Mr. Naden's recommendation "that consideration should be given to having a permanent committee...to advise the General Committee regarding the actions taken and recommendations made by the Medical Advisory Committee." Yours very truly. WTG:ms Enclosure API 05295 COPY ESSO STANDARD OIL COMPANY 15 West 51st Street New York 19* N. Y. March 11, 1952 Hr. W. L. Stewart, Jr., Vice-President American Petroleum Institute 5o West 50th Street New York 20, N. Y. Dear Mr. Stewart: In accordance with your instructions, as outlined in Mr. W. T. Gunn's letter of February 14th, the Coordinating Committee which you appointed met with a Subcommittee of the Medical Advisory Committee at the Netherlands Plaza Hotel, Cincinnati, Ohio, on February 27, 1952. The following were in attendance: Special Coordinating Committee of the Division of Refining W. R. Argyle............................................................. Sinclair Refining Co. Dr. L. B. Beard, for C. S. Teitsworth. .Socony-Vacuum Oil Co., Inc. F. H. Holmes, for M. Halpern........................The Texas Company D. R. Johnson, for H. G. Osborn................ Continental Oil Co. W. J. McGill, for M. G. Paulus................. Standard Oil Co. (Indiana) Wm. Naden....................................................................Esso Standard Oil Co. Subcommittee of Medical Advisory Committee Kieffer Davis, M.D.............................................. Phillips Petroleum Co. Kenneth R. Fourcher, M.D............ .................... Standard Oil Co. (N.J.) E. K, Linder, M.D................................................ The Atlantic Refining Co. M. W. Newquist, M.D............. ............................. The Texas Company B. B. Reeve, M.D.................................................. Standard Oil Co. (Indiana) R. M. Landon, representing James W. Long, M.D.............. ..................Gulf Oil Group At the start of our meeting there were some discussions as to the duties of the two Refining Division committees that were recently appointed to meet with the Subcommittee of the Medical Advisory Committee -- the above committee and also the committee under the chairmanship of Mr. T. J. Sullivan. It was finally felt that Mr. Sullivan's committee was appointed to review the work of the Medical Advisory Committee, but that our API 05296 w. L. Stewart, Jr -2- March 11, 1952 committee was appointed "to determine whether or not a mechanism can be worked out whereby the Medical Advisory Committee can be furnished direct assistance and advice of qualified refiners," In our discussion we reviewed the makeup of the Medical Advisory Committee which is composed of medical doctors from the member companies, together with a comparable number of associate or technical advisors. It was established that the work of the Medical Advisory Committee is to make recommendations as to medical problems and policies as they pertain to the petroleum industry and that decisions regarding the recommenda tions to be made is the sole responsibility of the fully accred ited members (M.D.s) of/the Medical Advisory Committee. Associates have been available to the committee to give advice on matters pertinent to refining and such technical advisors have always had representation on the subcommittees of the Medical Advisory Committee. After a thorough review and discussions of the workings of the Medical Advisory Committee and its subcommittees together with the associate members or technical advisors, it was unani mously agreed that a mechanism already exists to furnish qualified assistance and advice on problems that pertain to the Refining Division. It was felt that if the member companies continue to nominate competent technical advisors to this committee that there would be no need for any further assistance. Although it might not have been pertinent to the subject we were commissioned to deal with, your committee did express the thought that consideration should be given to having a permanent committee, such as the committee now working under Mr. T. J. Sullivan, to review the work of the Medical Advisory Committee, and to advise the General Committee on Refining regarding the actions taken and recommendations made by the Medical Advisory Committee. At the close of the meeting the group accepted an invitation to visit with Dr. Kehoe and his associates at the Kettering Laboratory where we were privileged to witness the work in progress that is going on for A.P.I., as well as work going on for other industries. We not only found it extremely interesting but were very favorably impressed with Dr. Kehoe and his associates. We were impressed with the fact of his long association with industry problems in general, and we all felt that he is eminently qualified to handle the medical research projects that have been assigned to the Kettering Laboratory by the A.P.I. API 05297 Mr t W. L. Stewart, Jr -3- March 11, 1952 I trust you will accept the above as a report of the Special Coordinating Committee. Sincerely, /s/ Wm. Naden WN:m cc - Mr. W. R. Argyle - Sinclair Refining Co. Mr. W. T. Gunn - Division of Refining, A.P.I. Mr. M. Halpern, Att. Mr. P. H. Holmes - The Texas Co. Mr. H. G. Osborn, Att. Mr. D. R. Johnson - Continental Oil Co, Mr. M. G. Paulus, Att. Mr. W. J. McGill - Standard Oil Co. (Indiana) Mr. C. S. Teitsworth, Att. Dr, L. C. Beard - Socony-Vacuum Oil Co., Inc. I API 05298 1 American petroleum Institute 50 WEST SOTH STREET NEW YORK 20. N Y. OF technical services April 7, 1952 To: Members and Associates . Medical Advisory Committee Gentlemen: For your information and future reference we enclose copy of memorandum from Doctor Raymond R. Suskind, outlining the skin physiology project at Kettering Laboratory. Our contribution of $2,500 for the six-months period ending June 30 > 1952 has been sent to Dr. Kehoe. Very truly yours DVS:rd Enc. API 05299 ) RESEARCH PROGRAM SKIN PHYSIOLOGY PROJECT KETTERING LABORATORY, UNIVERSITY OP CINCINNATI 1952 f Background and Purpose The concept of the skin physiology project at the Kettering . moratory is a natural outgrowth of the increasing demand for infor^tion about medical problems, industrial and non-industrial, in which function is an important factor. The establishment of this sloject is an attempt to satisfy a pressing need for well established cientific knowledge about the chemistry and physiology of normal skin 5S well as skin in abnormal environments. Since the inception of the oroject, the field of skin chemistry and physiology has been explored L ascertain not only what specific problems might be effectively at tacked, but what techniques of study require development to facili tate an orderly approach to these separate problems. During this period, too, the original program of the project Has undergone a process of natural maturation which was characterized by expansion and the gradual inclusion of new problems in the investi gative program. The latter has been possible only with an increase in trained personnel and research facilities. It has been necessary, therefore, to meet the expanding budgetary requirements of this pro ject. II. specific Research Problems The following is an outline in brief of skin problems which have been or are under investigation. A. Sebaceous Gland Chemistry 1. The identification and localization of lipids and enzymes and other chemical constituents of the sebaceous gland and their secretions in normal and diseased states. 2. The quantitative study of pilosebaceous constituents in normal and diseased skin. 3. A quantitative study of lipids in various levels of the skin. The observations which were made on the lipids and enzymes by histochemical methods are now being verified and enlarged by the study of normal and API 05300 -2 abnormal sebaceous material employing micro chemical techniques. The particular interest of the group is to ascertain the normal chemical constituents of human sebum, the locale of their development and change, and the chemical alterations which occur in diseases of the pilosebaceous appa ratus such as acne vulgaris, occupational acne and keratin cysts. A systematic study of the metabo lism and function of the sebaceous glands is closely linked with the project's Interest in percutaneous absorption since the pilosebaceous unit is probably the most important portal of entry for non-gaseous, noxious substances which pass through or into the intact skin. The following is a list of publications of the group in connection with its sebaceous gland study: 1. Suskind, R.R.: The chemistry of the human sebaceous gland. I. Histochemical observ ations. J. Invest. Dermat. 17: 37-5^> 1951 2. Schmidt-Nielsen, K., Suskind, R.R. and Taylor, E.: The chemistry of the human sebaceous gland. II. Analysis of human sebaceous material from individual orifices. J. Invest. Dermat. 17: 281-290, 1951. 3. Schmidt-Nielsen, K. and Taylor, E.: Use of a quartz fiber micro balance for histochemical investigations of skin. J. Invest. Dermat. (In press). B. Percutaneous Absorption 1. The study of factors which influence absorption through animal skin. 2. The application of radioisotopes to the study of skin absorption problems. This includes route of penetration as well as the rate of absorption. 3. The knowledge and experience of the group with respect to absorption is employed in a practical fashion in problems of industrial hygiene. It is consulted by industry and other interested groups on such matters as cutaneous protective measures with relation to irritants, sensitizers, acnegenic and carcinogenic materials. API 05301 -3 - > C. Cutaneous Irritation and Sensitization 1. The study of physiological, chemical and biological factors which influence irritation and sensitization. Problems which have been assailed and currently being studied are: (a) The influence of the endocrines on cutaneous irritation and sensitisation. (b) The influence of percutaneous absorption on irritation and sensitization. 2. The development and improvement of techniques to measure the irritant and sensitizing capacity of chemical compounds. This includes both human and animal methods of evaluation (See E below). The following are the publications in connection with the cutaneous irritation and sensitization studies: 1. Nilzen, A.: Some endocrine aspects of skin sensitization and primary irritation. J. Invest. Dermat. 18: 7-35* 1952. 2. Nilzen, A.: Some aspects of epidermal testing of guinea pigs sensitized and not sensitized to 2, 4-Dinitrochlorbenzene. For Dr. H. Haxthausen's "Festschrifte" to be issued October 1952. D. Participation in the A.P.I, Project on Carcinogenicity Several problems which have arisen in the A.P.I. project require and will continue to require the cooperation and ad vice of the members of the skin physiology group and their participation in the A.P.I. program. These problems include: 1. The role of percutaneous absorption and primary irritation on experimental tumor rates. 2. The role of cocarcinogenicity in skin painting experiments. 3. The effect of barrier creams and washing on experi mental tumor induction. E. The Use of Cutaneous Techniques in Problems of Industrial Toxicoiogy ---- The personnel of this project in cooperation with the other divisions of the laboratory are frequently called upon to delve into matters of industrial hygiene at a fundamental or API 05302 * -4 - testing level when the skin is a potential or prominent factor in the exposure. The group is organised: 1. To evaluate industrial and consumer materials for potential cutaneous irritancy, sensitizing capacity, percutaneous toxicity, acnegenic properties, etc. 2. To investigate clinical industrial problems when they may arise by surveying the plant or industry and studying the problems involved at a laboratory or clinical level. The facilities available are particularly helpful in the study of such practical problems. . III. Personnel In its present form the program's activities are being carried 0Ut under the direction of Dr. Raymond R. Suskind. Dr. Knut Schmidt- Vielsen, a physiologist, is in charge of the microchemical and radi oisotope percutaneous absorption studies. The other members of the staff include a chemical engineer who is in charge of the isotope laboratory, a technician in the isotope laboratory, a full time as sistant for microchemical work and a full time technician for histochemical, cutaneous irritation and sensitisation studies. IV. Facilities The facilities allocated to the work of the project include a well-equipped histological and histochemical laboratory, an analytical laboratory especially designed for microchemical work, a constant temperature room in which a wide range of atmospheric conditions may be produced, a radioisotope laboratory, and animal quarters for breed ing a hypersensitive strain of guinea pig and for housing animals on cutaneous experiments. The*facilities and services of the other de partments of the Kettering Laboratory have been effectively integrated into the work of the project as the particular needs have arisen. V. Finances The financial sponsorship of the skin physiology project was initially undertaken completely in 1948 by the Bristol-Myers Company which allocated funds for a three year period. The sponsor con tributed $20,000 per year from 1948-1951 Until recently the original endowment satisfied the needs of the program. With the normal development and growth of the project, the general increase in equipment costs and salaries, the economic requirements of the full program are now several times the amount of the project as originally planned. API 05303 i -5 - As of October 1950, a grant of $10,000 per year was Initiated he Procter and Gamble Company in partial support of the irritation 6Vsensitlzation studies. This endowment continues. Several months a*1 the Monsanto Chemical Company contributed $5,000 towards the gen aS, support of the project during the year 1951* Monsanto has er^e an additional contribution of $3,000 for the year 1952. Addi- 4 nal support is available under the terms of a contract with the ited States Air Force for the work on percutaneous absorption of organic compounds. This will probably not exceed the sum of 1:2 000 in 1952. A further grant of $3,000 has been made for the ear 1952 by the Laboratories. Two other pharmaceutical compa nies have expressed interest recently in the support of the program. Ibfterinfgusndsexmceadpet available bsoa ffaawr 4t*oawmqardsa +thV\ iAse iw.taork Uhaa vi,ea Kbeaeann wi4tVh*i Aonuft in the case of the Air Force in which instance they are Earmarked for work in the absorption section of the program. A tabulation below summarizes the situation with respect to funds now available for 1952 including that represented in the recent jecommendation of the A.P.I. Medical Advisory Committee. Sponsors Amounts Monsanto Chemical Company $ 3,000.00 Abbott Laboratories ' 3,000.00 U. S. Air Force (approximately) 10,000.00 Procter and Gamble Company 10,000.00 A. P. I. 5,000.00 Total $31,000.00 The total sum shown above is not sufficient to support the en tire program which we have in mind, and it allows nothing for future development, but it is hoped and believed that additional sums can be obtained. Meanwhile the work will be retarded somewhat to fit the funds available. API 05304 \ O ^ r I New York, N. Y., April 9, 1952 To Members and Associates Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity Gentlemen: For your information I am enclosing a copy of Dr. Robert A. Kehoe * s letter of March I4., 1952, which gives his estimate of the budgetary requirements to carry on the research program on carcinogenicity of petroleum and petroleum products for one year beginning July 1,1952. Very truly yours, M. N. NEWOUIST, M. D. Chairman, Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity MNN :RMS ENC . me: Members and Associates Medical Advisory Committee Mr. D. V. Stroop Dr. R. A. Kehoe API 05305 * UNIVERSITY 0? CINCINNATI C .0 ? Y Department of Preventive Medicine and Industrial Health Kettering Laboratory i,liege of Medicine - Eden Avenue -inci^nati Ohio March 4, 1952 Mr. D. V. Stroop American Petroleum Institute 50 '.Vest 50th Street New York City 20 Dear Mr. Stroop: At the last meeting of the special Committee with us on February 26, it was suggested that the budget for the next year be revised in its manner of presentation. I have done this in a way that is probably more complete than is necessary. In any case, it is illustrative of the facts as to what we spend money for, and I believe that no one is likely to conclude that our "overhead" is highly excessive. If this suits your purposes, it can oe sent out in this form. If you think it better to express the same figures in another way. I'll be glad to follow your suggestions. With best regards, Sincerely yours. RAK/ef /s/ Robert A. Kenoe Robert A. Kehoe, M.D. API 05306 COPY BUDGET DATA FOR AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE Investigation of Cutaneous Carcinogenic Materials by The Kettering Laboratory Estimated budget from July 1, 1952 to July 1, 1953 pnmpensation for Personnel Supervision Chemical technology Principal investigator Research chemists Total $ 8,000.00 12,500.00 Biological Testing Gross pathology and records Microscopic pathology Technicians (animal tests) Post-mortem examinations Preparation for microscopic slides Total 2,600.00 2,200.00 3,700.00 1,200.00 3,600.00 Epidemiology Principal investigator Total 5,000.00 Other personnel (indirect) Administration (General administration. accounting, etc.) 4,600.00 Other 15,900.00 Secretarial and clerical Library Animal care Glass-ware washing Draughting Janitor and sundry Total Total Compensation for Personnel 5 j 000* 00 20,500.00 13,300.00 5,000.00 20.550.00 64,350.00 Miscellaneous Expense Scientific supplies General supplies and replace- ments Annuities and pensions Travel Animals and food Maintenance, heat, light, power, telephone service 7,00.00 5,620.00 4,260.00 5,000.00 4,600.00 5,700.00 API 05307 -2- 1 Stationery, postage, office supplies, and medical art Educational expense, develop ment work and periodicals Total Miscellaneous Expense 3 1,070.00 7,160.00 Total estimated expenditures 40.410.00 104,760.00 API 05308 American Petroleum Institute 50 WEST SOth STREET NEW YORK 20. N. Y. April 30, 1952 Mr. T. <J. Sullivan, Vice President Gulf Cil Corporation p.O. Bex 1166 Pittsburgh 30, Pennsylvania Epidemiological Survey Subcommittee on Carcino genicity Medical Advisory Committee API Gear Mr. Sullivan: I am enclosing a progress report of the activities of the Subcommittees on Carcinogenicity of the Medical Advisory Conmittee, API. Inasmuch as Mr. G. A. Davidson plans to present the report to the General Comittee of the Division of defining in your absence, I am talcing the liberty of sending 65 mimeographed copies directly to Mr. Davidson. In connection with the study of the carcinogenicity of petroleum and petroleum products, our subcommittee considered originally that an epidemiological study should consist of two parts: (1) the study of the incidence of cancer among employees of the petroleum industry and, (2) the study of cases of cancer (mostly skin cancers) among employees of customers where the cancer was allegedly due to exposure to petroleum products. Item one is already underway. Item two Is so involved that we have done nothing about it. We have, of course, been alerted by recent verbal reports of alleged skin cancer cases occurring among customer employees but we believe this situation should have the careful consideration of the Divisions of .API which would be concerned. Your advice in this connection would be greatly appreciated by our Subcommittee. Very truly yours. /e/ M. N. Newquist M. N. NEWQUIST, Chairman Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity MNN :RM5 Copies: Mr. G. A. Davidson - Standard Oil of California Mr. E. W. Ferguson - Humble Cil and defining Company Mr. J. P. Langfitt - The Pure Oil Company Mr. W. T. Gunn - API Members and Associates, Medical Advisory Committee, API API 05309 ^ * T> j. Sullivan See President Oil corporation ^tsburgb 30, Pennsylvania - 135 E. ^2nd Street . New York 17, N. Y. April 30, 1952 Subconmlttee on Carcinogenicity Medical Advisory Committee API :gar Sir: This resume prepared by the Research Project (MC-1) Advisory -Mnaittee in accordance with your request of February 13, 1952, suamarizes -e activities of the Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity of the Medical Advisory jancittee API. Experimental evidence on mice was developed about 19^3 by Dr. E. V. Covcry at the Barnard Hospital, St. Louis, attributing carcinogenic properties to residua from catalytic cracking. Late in 19^ Dr. R. E. Wilson called jttention to the desirability of investigating any possible cancer hazards vnich might arise from newer refining processes. These were the chief factors leading to the organization in 19^5 of the API Medical Advisory Committee. At its first meeting in May 19^5, this committee, smeng other things, recamended a study of the possible carcinogenic properties of petroleum and petroleum products. This recommendation was approved by the Executive remittee of the Board of Directors of the API and a fund of $25,000 was authorized to initiate this and other medical studies. After careful consideration Kettering Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, was selected to make an initial study of the problem. A grant $6,COO was made February 1, 19^6, to conduct a limited amount of animal API 05310 testing on eight samples of high boiling fractions selected by the Subcommittee 'n carcir-ogenicity. The results of this study completed in I9L8 showed that :iSh boiling gas oils from catalytic cracking produced skin cancers on ?epeated application to mice. This finding led to the formulation of a -2- ^prehensive program of research at Kettering Laboratory. This program ,8sitated a capital grant to Kettering Laboratory of $40,000 for the tfiC truction of animal quarters. (See attached list of expenditures.) The i0& fpgjidjdi research program got under way late in 1949. ^ryrTIVES - The research program includes the following primary objectives: 1. The determination of which refinery streams and products are carcinogenic and to identify if possible the causative agents in such streams and products. 2. Development of reliable analytical techniques for quick and inexpensive determination of the carcinogenic potency of any stream or product. 3. Investigation of protective measures which might be applicable to man. 4. Epidemiological studies to determine the incidence of cancer among employees of the petroleum industry as compared to the general population. FRCGRZSS TOWARDS ACCOMPLISHING THE OBJECTIVES 1. Identification of carcinogenic streams or products and causative agents. To date 110 different petroleum fractions from representative processes have been tested on mice. Fractions of four different crudes are also being studied. Products of catalytic cracking and thermal cracking of catalytic gas oils have been sampled fairly completely. Vacuum distillates including lube stocks are also under study. A sufficient variety of samples is on hand to consummate this phase of the program. It has been demonstrated that seme carcinogens exist in the -riginal crude oils and that certain refinery processing of oils concentrates md/cr synthesizes carcinogenic materials. High boiling gas oils from catalytic API 05311 3- - have continued to show relatively high carcinogenic potency to nice, clacking of high potency catalytically cracked residua does not reduce rt^rcy. Furthermore, high.coiling gas oils produced in severe thermal &r ' vl-!g of straight run residua have demonstrated high potency. Untreated j<stillstea show low to moderate carcinogenicity to mice. ...te *- Polycylic aromatics which fall into the general classes of 3(c) phenanthrene, benzpyrene and benzanthracene have been identified rically in carcinogenic oils. Certain compounds in these classes have been for years to be carcinogenic to mice. The ratios of these classes of C-"`* capounds or of individual carcinogens vary in oils depending upon their source jjji subsequent processing. Complicating the picture is the presence of aerials which in themselves are not carcinogenic, tut which have the ability 0 enhance the potency of carcinogens in these oils. 2. Analytical Tool - Many of the pure polycyclic compounds with down carcinogenic activity have an identifiable absorption spectrum in certain :arcs of the ultra-violet and visible range. This knowledge has been used as me basis for developing an analytical tool. Empiric correlations of biological iata with absorption spectra have not thus far been entirely satisfactory, in mrc due to the non-quantitative nature of the biological tests and in part due ~ :expounds whose chemical or physical properties influence carcinogenicity, -ut io not exhibit a characteristic absorption spectrum. The first of these factors has necessitated a program adjustment 'o study the basic fundamentals which lead to a quantitative biological, test. second factor has led to a study of those chemical and physical properties ''bich influence the carcinogenicity of an oil such as solvents, viscosity and ""lancing compounds. Obviously the intricate nature of the problem of develop**3 an accurate analytical tool plus the identification of the causative agents '. sufficiently broad classes to permit evaluation of carcinogenic refinery API 05312 -4- will require more time and effort than originally anticipated. Without .tre*38 -lytical tool, any laboratory proof of carcinogenicity reete upon animal &' ting which is expensive and time-consuming (three to twelve months required -o?xh test on mice). . 3. Preventive Measures - Animal experimentation and practical rience in industry where occupational cancer hazards have existed indicate t this hazard can be controlled by minimizing exposure and by adequate jgud-'cal supervision which will include periodic physical examinations. Minimizing exposure entails: a. Identifying the sources of exposure. b. Informing the persons who may be exposed, of the hazard involved and of preventive measures. c. Providing of protective equipment or facilities where exposure is otherwise unavoidable. i. Good personal cleanliness. Shin cancer if detected early is curable. An adequate medical program will insure early detection. 1. Epidemiological Survey - It is not possible to transfer directly the data from the mouse testing experiments into figures representing relative oaroinogenicity of the various fractions for man. From a scientific standpoint it would be desirable to test carcinogenic potency on several higher species of animals including man. However, such testing is not feasible at the present time. Interpretation of the significance of the experimental data, therefore, oust await procurement of data on human cases from epidemiological surveys. An epidemiological survey will develop the facts concerning the incidence of cancer among petroleum workers and, if correlated with the occupational history, should disclose whether any particular occupation in the petroleum industry is associated with an occupational cancer hazard. In addition, it will detect any API 05313 -5- wase in cancers w^ich may be the result of failure of protective measures. i>nC * jthout such information a problem of major magnitude could develop undetected jr.d protection of the petroleum industry from unsubstantiated claims for ^wpensation for alleged occupational cancer would be almost impossible. This ^ge of the program must be continued for a number of years in order to be of ^ue. This study is now underway and the annual cost is low. INCLUSION - Occupational cancers comprise a very small percentage of the total -umber of cancers. However, experience in the British coal tar industry where :ver 1,^00 cases of skin cancer were diagnosed in a 20-year period, and experience from contact with British shale oil where over 1,500 cases of skin cancer were diagnosed in a similar period, indicate that a cancer hazard may assume a serious magnitude in industry before control measures are instituted. British statistics are probably more accurate than those in the United States because reporting of cases to the Government is required and enforced. Medical literature and unpublished reports both in this country and abroad incriminate certain petroleum products which, having been demonstrated on animals to have a low degree of carcinogenicity, have caused human skin cancers after exposure of many years duration. The importance of such observations to the petroleum industry emphasizes the necessity of a continuing program to develop the facts as well as to promote any precautionary measures that may be indicated. In this connection certain petroleum companies in the United States have already instituted precautionary measures within their own organizations. In Great Britain it is now mandatory that white lubricating oil be used in one phase cf textile manufacturing. It is planned that the research project (MC-1) at Kettering laboratory will proceed along lines of the objectives set forth above. Such API 05314 -6- ^ activities have now reached the peak and it is expected that there *3? >e a gradual decline in a year or two from now unless unfcrseen situations *iae in the interim. This committee will he pleased to render any further progress -ts which you may desire. rsF- Submitted on behalf of the committee by /s/ M. N. Newquist Chairman yembers of Research Project (MC-1) Advisory Committee. y. N. Newquist, M.D., Chairman 2. W. Adams C. Beard, Jr. Xieffer Davis, M.D. ?. s. Zckardt, M.D. r. M. Frank, M.D. C. E. Hine, M.D. 3. M. Landon 2. K. Linder, M.D. . G. Mackenzie a. C. Mithoff 3. .M. Shepardson The Texas Company Standard Oil Co. (Indiana) Socony-Vacuum Oil Co., Inc. Phillips Petroleum Co. Standard Oil Development Co. (N.J.) Pan American Refining Corp. Shell Development Co. Gulf Oil Corporation The Atlantic Refining Co. The Texas Company California Research Corp. Standard Cil Development Co. (N.J.) API 05315 PAYMENTS BY API 2-1-46 7-1-46 1-1-47 7-1-47 1-1-48 7-1-48 1-1-49 7-1-49 1-1-50 7-1-50 1-1-51 7-1-51 1-1-52 UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI for RESEARCH PROJECT (MC-1) CN CARCINOGENICITY $ 6,000.00 0 0 0 0 65,000.00 (includes $40,000 grant for animal quarters) 0 49,413.00 . 39,963.39 50,000.00 9,065.12 - 50,000.00 31,692.42 $ 301,133.93 to June 30, 1952 Budget July 1, 1952, to June 30, 1953 $ 104,760.00 API 05316 THE TEXAS COMPANY 139 EAST 42nd STREET NEW YORK 17. N. Y April 30, 1951 p, T. J. Sullivan, Vlaa President golf Oil Corporation f. o. Bex 1166 Pittsburgh 30, Pennsylvania genialBy Med1sal Advisory CpiiI ttee Dear Mr. Sullivan t I am enclosing a progress report of the nativities of the fatoeonalttees on Carolaegsnlelty of the Medleal Advisory Conaittoe, API. Inaanush as Sr. 0. A. Davidson plan* to present the report to the Donoral Coanittee of the Dlvlaisn of Refining in your absence, X an taking the liberty of sending 65 uieeegraphed seples Alreetly to Mr. Dnvldeea In earnestion slth the study of the sarsinogeaislty of petrolsun and petrelsun predusts, our subs sen! ttee ssnsidered originally that an epldenislegisal study should eonslat of tun parts t (1) tbs study of lbs lneldonse ot aansor aneng o^leyees of the petrolsun industry aid, (2) the study of sssss ef earner (aostly skin ssnsers) snsng snpleyess sf oust oners where the eaneer ms allegedly due ts szpessrs te petrelsun preduets. Zten one is already underesy. I ten tee is so involved that ee have dene nothing ebeut it. Vs have, ef eeurse, been alerted by reeeat verbal reports of allegod akin oeaeer oaaoa eeearring enong sustsawr ouployooa but ns believe this situation should have the eareful eensiderstiea ef the Divisions of API shloh eenld be eoneemed. Tour advise in this eeuaeetlen eeuld be greatly appreciated by our Sub- Tory truly yours on Careinegealaity nitRU Ceplost *r. a. A. Davidson - standard oil of California lb% H. Parguson - Runble Oil and Bafining Qoupeny Sr. J. P. Laagfltt - The Pure Oil Company h. V. T. Duns API lanbera and Associates, Bediaal dvleory Coeadttee, API API 05318 f# j. Sullivan %'as prasi^0* oil Corporation fjtsburgh 30, Pennsylvania 1 S. 42nd street lev York 17, W. T# April 30, 1952 Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity Medical Advisory Committee ___________ API if Sin This resume prepared by the Research Project (MC-I) Advisory go*/*Ittee in accordance vith your request of February 13, 1952, Arises the activities of the Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity of f!0* jj,# Medical Advisory Committee API# Experimental evidence on mice vas developed about 1943 by yt, 3. V. Cowdry at the Barnard Hospital, St. Louis, attributing uroino^enic properties to residua from catalytic cracking. Late in 1944 Dr. R. E. Wilson called attention to the desirability of inves tigating any possible cancer hazards which mi'at arise from newer refining processes. These were the chief factors leading to the or ganization in 1345 of the API Medical Advisory Committee. At its first meting in May, 1345, this committee, among other things, recommended i study of the possible carcinogenic propertios of petroleum and pstroleum products. This recommendation vas appro7ad by ths Executive Comalttae of the Board of Directors of the API and a fund of $25,000 tts authorized to initiato this uni other medical studies# After careful consideration lettering Laboratory, Dhivarsity if Cincinnati, vas selsoted to maks an initial study of the problem# A grant of $6,000 vas mads February 1, 1946, to conduct a limited uount of animal testing on sight samples of high boiling fractions ulsctad by the Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity# The results of this itudy completed la 1943 shoved that high boiling gas oils from cataIjtlo cracxlng produced sxin eanesrs on repeated application to mloe# Ibis finding lad to the formulation of a comprehensive program of API 05319 F -2#roh at Kettering Laboratory. This program necessitated a capital t to Kettering Laboratory of $40,000 for the construction of 1 quarters. (See attached list of expenditures.) The expanded ^f#aroh program got under way late in 1549. jfgflTlVBS The research program inoludes the following primary ^JSOtiTCSI 1. The determination of which refinery streams and products are carcinogenlo and to identify if possible the oauaative agents in suoh streams and produots. 2. Development of reliable analytical techniques for quick and Inexpensive determination of the carcinogenic potency of any stream or product. 3. Investigation of protective measures which might be applicable to man. 4. Epidemiological studies to determine the incidence of oancer among employees of the petroleum Industry as coopered to the general population. MOORESS TOWARDS ASCQjfPLISgiRQ T3S OBJECTIVES 1. Identification of carcinogenic streams or products and amative agents. To date 110 different petroleum fractions from hpreaontative processes have been tested on mice. Fractions of four Afferent crudes are also being studied. Products of catalytic cracking *4 thermal cracking of catalytic gas oils have been sampled fairly bspletely. vacuum distillates including lube stocks sre also under ttftdy. A sufficient variety of samples is on hand to consummate this 4aas of the program. It has been demonstrated that some carcinogens exist in the API 05320 -3- ^ crude oils and that oartain refinery processing of oils tr4tas and/or synthssisas carcinogsnic materials. High boiling S' 9lli froB oracking bars continuad to show relatively c9reinoganic potanoy to mloe. Tharwal oraeklng of high potanoy ii^ ^^0*lly crackad rasidua doas not reduce tha potanoy. Further * hlgb boiling gas oils produead in severe thermal eraoking of run residua have demonstrated high potanoy. Entreated luba *bw low to moderate oaroinoganlelty to adoe. Polyeyello aroaatios whieh fall into tha ganaral olassas ^boso(o) phenanthrene, benzpyrene and bansanthraoana hare baan jjistifisd chemically in oarolnoganie oils. Cartaln ooapounds in thasa ibises have baan known for years to ba oaralnoganio to mica. Tha ittlas of thasa olassas of compounds or of individual oarolnogons vary la oils dapanding upon their souroe and subsoquant prooasalng. Com plicating tha pletujra is tha prasanaa of matarlals whieh in themselves in not carcinogenio, but vhloh hare tha ability to anhanoa tha potanoy if carcinogens in thasa oils. 2. Analytical Tool - Many of tha pura polyeyello ooapounds with bon carcinoganio activity have an identifiable absorption spectrum li certain parts of tha ultra-violet and visible range. This knowledge ha baan used as tha basis for developing an analytical tool. Ssplrlo wiralations of blologioal data with absorption spectra have not thus ht baan entirely satisfactory, in part due to tha non-quantltatlva *ture of tha biologleal tests and in part due to compounds whoso *fc*ical or physleal properties influence carcinogenicity, but do not dUbit a characteristic absorption spectrum. Tha first of thasa factors has nacassltatad a program **foitment to study tha basic fundamentals which lead to a quantitative API 05321 j^gioal teat. lfce oond factor ha a lad to a atudjr of thoaa ohemloal r physioal propartiaa which influanoa tha caroinoganleity of an oil . - advents, viscosity and enhancing compounds. Obviously tha c* . iaata natura of tha problem of developing an aoeurata analytical l plua tha idantification of tha causative aganta in auffielantly elaasea to pamit evaluation of oaroinoganlo raflnary atraaaa raqalra mora tiaa and affort than originally antieipatad. Without ^ Analytical tool, any laboratory proof of eareinoganleity reata upon taating which ia expensive and time-con suaing (thraa to twelve gfitht required for aaoh teat on mica). 3, Preventive Maaauraa - Animal experimentation and practical ^rianoa in induatry where occupational oanear haaarda hava axiatad Dlloate that thia haaard oan ba controlled by minimising expeaure and ^ adequate medical superviaion ehioh will include periodic phyaical ixaainationa. Minimising exposure entails: a. Identifying tha souroes of exposure. b. Informing tha persona who nay ba exposed, of tha hasard involved and of preventive maaauraa. c. Providing of protaotlva equipment or facilities where exposure ia otherwise unavoidable. d. Oood personal olaanlinaaa. Skin oanear if datootad early la ourable. An adequate Mdioal program will insure early detection. 4. Epidemiological Survey - It la not possible to transfer directly API 05322 the data from the mouse testing experiments into figures representing falative carcinogenicity of the various fractions for man. Prom a ientlfio standpoint it would be desirable to teat earolnogenle potency 0(1 several higher speoiea of animals including man. However, such .tin* la not feasible at the present time. interpretation of the ^^flcano* of the experimental data, therefore, auat await prooura- ^ of data on hunan oaaee from epidemiological surveys. As epidemioi6*l aorro7 will develop tha faota concerning tba laoldanea of ^oar among petroleum workers and. If oorrslated with tba occupational jl*tor7, should disclose whether any particular oooupatlon In tha ^tfoiaua Industry la associated with an occupational oanoer hasard* p addition. It *111 datect any^'Increase In cancers which nay be the ^fult of failure of protective measures. without such inforoa:ion a pfcblem of --ajor magnitude could develop undeteoted and protection of 0i petroleum Industry from unsubstantiated daima for compensation for alleged occupational eanosr would be almost Impossible. This phaaa !f tba program suit be continued for a number of pears is order to be of value. This study is noe underway and the annual ooat is low. fflCLUSICS - Occupational oancers comprise a very small pwrcenta.-e of tba total nuaber of canoara. However, azparlanoa in tha British coal Ur industry whore over 1,400 oases of skin oanoer were diagnosed in i 20-year period, and experience from contaot with British shale oil dura over 1,500 oaaaa of skin oanoer wars diagnosed in a similar pvrlod, indicate that a oanoer hasard may aasuma a serious magnitude is industry before control measures are instituted. British statistics tra probably mors ac-urate than those in tha united States because re porting of oases to the Ooverment la required and enforeed. sdlaal litersture end unpublished reports both in this country and abroad laorlminsts certain petroleum products which, having been demonstrated t animals to have a low degree of oaroinogenleity, hare caused human hla cancers after exposures of many years duration. Tha importance of suoh observations to the petroleum industry *?haslsaa the necessity of a continuing program to develop the facte API 05323 T -e- vll to promote any precautionary measure* that may be indicated, ^is connection certain petroleum companies in the :;nltod its toe ip Already Instituted precautionary measure within their own organiit* tion*. Tn "reat Britain it is now mandatory that white lubricating t* used in cr.e phase ~f textile manufacturing. It is plannod that the research project (MC-1) at Mattering v^jratury will proceed alons lines of the objectives set forth above. IT** jiflh research activities have now reu.hed the peak and it it expected there will be a gradual decline in a 70*0* or two from qjw unless jforaeen situations arise in the interim. This committae will 00 pleased to render any further progress sports which you aay deaire. Submitted on behalf of the committee by ^ *r*,an Vsebera of Feaaarah Project (MC-1) Advisory CoMlttee. 1, 7. 'Jewquist, M.D., 1. S. idasui L. C. Beard, Jr. Ueffer ravis, M.D. R. a. lekardtf M.D. T. ii. prank, M.D. i. nine, M.D. 8. M. London i, r. Under, X.D. I. 0. keckenxie 3. C. withoff 3. M. Shepardson Chairman The Texas Company Standard Oil Co. (Ind.) Socony-vacuum Oii Co. Phillips Petroleum Co. Standard Oil Development Co. Pan Amerioan Refining Co. Shell Development Co. Culf oil Corporation Atlantic Refining Co. The Texas Company California Research corp. Standard Oil Development Co. (H.J.) (V.J.) API 05324 T PAYXSSTS BY API to TJ!IIVARSITY `j* CTTTCITYATI l2 FSSgARCH rROJgCT (MC-1) Off CARCIROOSSICITT i.1-46 f.l-46 1-1-4? 7-1-47 1-1-43 7-1-49 1-1-49 7-1*49 1-1*40 7-1-60 1-1-61 f-1-61 1-1-59 t 6,000-00 0 0 0 0 69.000.00 (Include* $40,000 Snot for anlaal quarter*) 0 49,419.00 39,969.99 50.000.00 9,066.12 50,000.00 31,692,42 4 901,199.99 to JUno 30, 1962 Budget July 1, 1962, to JUno 60, 1959 | 104,760.00 il API 05325