Document bBjyk8RdgXMGQ9zE8V7NQQOzy

41109 Chamlcal Abstracts Vol. 72. 1970 in 14--TOXICOLOGY T. X. TOXZXUON 41109* To-ieology of vi yl chloride. Schottek, Wolfgang (Abt. Arbeitstoxikol., Holxweissig, Ger.). Chem. Tick, (Lctp- g) '969, 21(11). 708-11 (Ger). A review with 24 ref*. The toxicity of vinyl chloride in animals and human*, and the relation of the chem. structure of the compd. to its toxicity were dis cussed. CCJG 41110r Microscopically contrasted heavy metal intoxication. Silver sulfide process, a method for localised histochemical de tection of heavy metals in tissues. Haider, Gerhard (Ger.). Mikrokosmos 1960, 58(9), 272-5 (Ger). A review of work is pre sented which illustrates the value of the combination of light mi croscopy with histochera. techniques for the detection, localiza tion, and identification of Hg, Pb, Bi, Fe, Zn, and Cu in cells and tissue*. Highlights of the silver sulfide histochcm. procedure are presented along with representative photomicrographs. 6 ref*. Kellie G. Dehnbostel 41111a Development of the hemodynamic, biochemical, and morphologic changes in experimental endotoxin shock. Stengert, Krzysztof (Z Zalrl. Anestezjologii, AM, Lodz, Poland). Postepy Hig- Mid. Dorw. 1969, 23(5), 601-59 (Pol). A review is given of methods for detg. hemodynamic, biochem., and mor- pbol. changes, the course of changes m dogs, clin. evaluation and patterns, and damage to tissues and organisms during exptl. endo toxin shock. 146 refs. y. Pomeranz 41112t Saponin*. Birk, Yehudith (Hebrew Univ., Re- hovoth, Israel). Toxic Const. Plant Foodst. 1969, 169-210 (Eng). Edited by Liener, Irvin E. Acad. Press: New York, N.Y. Dietary source, metabolism, and effects of various sapo llins are given with methods for qual. and quant, analyses, 167 refs. E. A. Hodgdor 4111Ju Chromatographic identification of psychotropic drug.;. Phillips, Geoffrey F.; Gardiner, Jane (Lab. Govt. Chem., Lon don-, Engl.). J. Pkarm. Pharmacol. 1969, 21(12), 793-S07 (Eng), The thin-layer chromatog. of 3 classes of psychotro lie drugs, phenethylamines, tryptamines, and erganes, has been in vestigated. Published methods are reviewed and Rf data, nor malized by a graphical technique, are reported for extensions and modifications of some of these systems. Optimum forensic sort ing procedures are recommended. RCFG 41114v Estimation of lead in urine by atomic absorption analysis. Tain , Yoshiko. Nippon Eiseihensa Gisktkai Zasski 1969, 18(5), 389-91 (Japan). The Pb*1'' was extd. into iso-Bu- COMe soln. from 30% XH,OH. The recovery rate was 99.9%. The reproducibility of at. absorption measurement was 1.4%. No interference from other ions was noticed. T. L. Chang 41115w Determination of toxic substances and their me tabolites in bioiogical fluids by gas chromatography. I. Tri- cbloroethanol in urine. Sedivec. Vaclav; Flek, Jan (Ustav Hyg. Prace, Prague, Czech.). Prac. Lck. 1969, 21(7), 301-6 (Czech). See CA 70: 113446p. VNJZ 41116x Aflatoxin B, in the excretion of aflatoxin-poisoned rats. Chou, Ming-Wu; Tung, Ta-Cheng (Coll. Med., Nat. Taiwan Univ., Taipei, Taiwan). Vat-Wan / Hsuek Hut Tsa Ckik 1969, 68(8), 389-91 (Eng). Aflatoxin Bi was detected in the rat urine and feces after i.p. injection of the toxin. Most of the aflatoxin Bi was excreted in the first 24 hr. The percentage re covery was about 1.5%. A thin-layer chromatographic method wss a simple way for detg. the aflatoxin concn. of the excretions, and could provide useful information for detecting it in humans. N. M. Wright 411l7y Paper chromatography of Taxus baccata toxin. Bu- bien, Zenon (Wyzsza Szk. Kolrt., Wroclaw, Poland). Zest. Nauk. Wyzsz. Ssk, Roln. Wroclomu, Wet. 1968, No. 23, 215-21 (Pol). The presence of toxin in T. baccata (English yew) needles, in fodder, and in the alimentary tract content was detected by paper chromatog. The alkaloid was extd. from the biol. ma terial by EtiO, purified with active C. and chromatographed in the form of aq. HC1 soln. The chromatograms were developed at 18* by the ascending technique, using as solvent either BuOH- 80% AcOH-anhyd. EtOH-H.O (50:7 2; 15). or 75% aq. (NH,)j- SO.. The Rf values were 0.95 and 0.75, resp. The toxin spots were stained by the Draggendorf reagent. Irena Kloczko 41118z Errors of converting a urine alcohol value into a blood alcohol level. Kaye, Sidney; Cardona, Eduardo (Sch. Med., Univ. Puerto Rico. Rio Piedras, P.R.), Amir. J. Clin. Pathol. 1969, 52(5). 577-84 (Eng). Evidence is presented lor the in advisability of ealeg. blood EtOH levels on the basis of urine EtOH content. EtOH content was detd. in the blood and urine of 148 patients and the ratio of urme/blood was ealed. The range of ratios was 0,21-2.06 with a mean ratio of 1.28. Blood levels were ealed. from urine levels using a conversion factor of 1.28 and compared with measured values. Calctl. values ex ceeded actual values by at least o.t)j g/nil in 21.5% of the cases and were lower by the same amt. in 34.5% of the cases. J. K. Macnab 41119a Ethyleus glycol toxicity In the monkey. Roberts, James A.; Seibold, H. R. (Tulane Univ., Covington, La.). Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 1969, 15(3), 624-31 (E ig). The toxic effects of ethylene glycol in several macaque species are re ported. The compd. was administered in the drinking water at concns. of 0.25-10%, and histol. studies were made after acute and chronic administration. With the exception of a few animals (which had Ca oxalate crystals in the brain), significant pathol, alterations were limited to the kidneys. Animals receiving 17 ml/kg or more of ethylene glycol had Ca oxalate crystals within proximal renal tubules and assoed. tubular degeneration. Despite the absence of crystals in animals receiving <15 mi/kg, mild glomerular damage was found, and azotemia occurred in some animals, suggesting a toxic effect of ethylene glycol apart from its conversion to oxalic acid. * . RCZB 41120U A clinicopathologic study of the effects of riot control agents on monkeys. IV. o-Cblorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS) grenade. Striker, G. E.; Streett, C. S.; Ford, D. F.; Herman, L. H.; Helland, D. R. (Edgewood Arsenal, Md.). U.S. Clearinghouse Fed. Sci. Tech. Inform., AO 1967, AD-808- 732. 39 pp. (Eng). Avail. CFSTI. From U.S. Coot. Res. De~ velop. Rep. 1969, 69(19), 123. A study was made of the order, severity, and resolution of pathol. changes in monkeys exposed to CS. Monkeys were exposed to CS (2700. 8500, 28,500, or 80,000 mg min/m*). The most prominent lesions seen after the 2 lower doses were mild pulmonary congestion, bronchorrhea, emphysema, and atelectasis. These lesions cleared by 72 hr but recurred at 1 week and 30 days. Oral and nasal discharges and dyspnea appeared early after a level of 28,5f0. They were most severe between 12 and 24 hr and were resolved by 72 hr. Pneu monia. emphysema, and atelectasis were present 1 week and 30 days after exposure. Significant lesions were seen radiographi cally only in those monkeys exposed to a level of 80,000. These lesions paralleled those seen on necropsy. At this level edema appeared by 12 hr, peaked between 24 and 48 hr, and cleared by 1 week. Emphysema and bronchiolitis were present 1 week and 30 days after exposure. TCVL *U21v Experimental study on gas embolism with particular reference to the differentiation between embolic gas and gas from putrefaction. Pierucci, Giovanni; Gherson, Gemma (Inst. Med. Legale, Univ. Pavia, Pavia, Italy). Zacckia 1968, (31 4(3), 347-73 (Ital). Embolism was induced bv injecting air or He i.v. into living (followed by instant death), and i.v. or intracardi- ally into sacrificed, rabbits, and gas was aspirated from the heart at intervals. Putrefaction gas was aspirated from the heart and abdominal cavity of rabbits and human cadavers 1-13 days, and 15-236 days, after death, resp. In samples of air embolic gas, 0 decreased and 1 hr after death was insignificant; COi was present immediately; Nj levels were relatively stable, similar to air, for 2 days, then decreased sharply. In He embolic gas, Ot, N, and COj were present immediately. Results were essen tially the same in rabbits injected before and after death. Av. values for putrefaction gas contents in rabbit and cadaver heart were, resp.: Oi 132 and 2.05%, Ni (usually <50%) 12.13 and 22.06%, COj 31.03 and 50.62%; CH appeared early and almost constantly in the rabbit. F. Farnam 41122w Early effects of carbon tetrachloride on the synthesis of phospholipids in the rtt liver and their possible pathogenetic role in fatty liver induction. Halbreich, A.; Mager, J. (Ha- dassah Med. Sch., Hebrew Univ., Jerusalem, Israel). Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1969, 187(4), 584-7 (Eng). In rats, i.p. injections of CCL in doses as low as 0.5 itl/100 g reduced the ability of liver microtomes to incorporate choline-" C into total phospholipids and labeled L-leucine-f-"C into protein,-discernible as early as 10-15 min postinjection and tasting for 20 hr. Incorporation patterns of choline were identical whether the radioactive choline was labeled in the Me groups or in the 1,2-carbon atoms. The magnitude of choline inhibition was not altered by varying the dose of labeled choline over a 1000-fold range, attesting to the independence of this phenomenon of the attendant variations in the internal pool size of free choline. Etliionine (l mg/g) and dimethyinitrosamine (10 mg/100 g) did not affect the incorpora tion of choline into liver phospholipids, although they inhibited protein synthesis. CCL enhanced the incorporation of ethanoi- amine-2-"C into liver microsomal phospholipids. The early on set and the long persistence, as well as the specific nature, of the de rangement of phospholipid synthesis by CCL suggest a possible role of this phenomenon in the pathogenesis in fatty liver. BKJN 41 U3x la vitro inhibition of succinate and pyruvate oxidation by ethasolie extracts of grasses, legumes, and dystrophogenie forages. Cheeke, I'cter K.; Oldfield, James E. (Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, Oreg.). Can. J. Amm. Sci. 1969, 49(3). 402-4 (Eng). EtOH exts. of title plants inhibited in vitro o\idu. "I both succinate and pyruvate by rat liver hoiungeumcs. Exts. <*! 2 dystrophogenie forages did not inhibit succinate oxidn. more than those of two nondystrophogciiic samples. The succinic BOR 009731