Document bBGg5X1MNwvNa6GQBK24oe3Xo

Mr Hygiono Foundation of Amorioa, Inc*; Fifth Avenue, 3sburgh, Fa* 1, 1937 I* Sows Items 291. OHIO LEGISLATION. SILICOSIS ADDED TO LIST OF COMPENSABLE DISEASES. Ohio.State Ved. J* 33> 562-563 (May, 1937). The bill mentioned in abstract No* 115 has boon passed to take effoct on or about August 1. Silicosis is defined as "a disease of the lungs caused by breathing silica dust, producing fibrous nodules, distributed through the lungs and demonstrated by x-ray examination or autopsy." Various provisions of the law arc reviewed and a revised list of occupational disoases now included is givon. (Fuller information will be given in our Legal Bulletin or may be ob tained from the Ohio State Board of Health.) 292. WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION LAWS COVERING DUST DISEASES. Ceram. Ind. 26, 297-8 574-6 (April, 1937). ...... A brief summary of the laws of a few representative states. (The April number of CERAMIC INDUSTRY contains a number of general papers of interest, which are abstracted in this bulletin. Copies are obtainable fran Industrial Publion- tions, Inc., 59 E. Van Buren St., Chicago, 111. at 50 cents each.) 293. PRECIPITATES DUST ELECTRICALLY. Foundry, 65, 95 (March 1937.) This is a brief description of the eleotricaT precipitator developed by Westing- house and near applied to industrial air oleaning field by the pangbom Corpora tion. It is claiaod^ that its use in industry provides the advantages of dust end fume collection by electrical means within tho range of general application at oeoncedoal installation and operating costs. The unit consists of 3 essen tial parts, tho collector plate cells, the ionising assembly and the power, p&ckt The grounded plates whore tho dust is collected are cleaned at neoessary inter vale by washing, rapping or blowing with on air jet. (For information address Pangbom Corp., Hagefetam, Md.) . 294. CIEANING AIR WITH ELECTRICITY. Heating &.Vcnt, 34 , 70 (Haroh, 1937). Clean air will be supplied this summer to the FieTd Building in Chioago, by the addition of oleotrostatic air oleanors to its air conditioning system in the lower aroade and first four stories. The air cleaning equipment will have a capacity of 272,700 ou. ft. per min. and an expected efficiency of over 99jC by weight of dust particles removed. It is said to remove particles as small as l/5 micron, and to operate on a current consumption of 10 kw. It will oonsist of 18 units end tho installation is expected to bo completed during duly. 295. BRITISH USE ALUMINA IN.SILICOSIS FIGHT, Ceram. Ind. 28, 296 (April, 1937). Due to the high death rate caused by silicosis among pottery workers, several British potteries have substituted alumina for silica for the bedding material during firing. Three large firms are using alumina exclusively, and most of tl. smaller potteries will probably follow their example. In tho United Stotos, several plants have been using powdered kaolin in plaee of sand for several years. (See note on abstract 291.) PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT gaferences to Reocnt Literature - 2 296. COURT DECISION'S IF SILICOSIS SUITS Ceram. Ind. 28, 295-6 A review of a numfcor of cases illustrating various phases of the silicosis situation. The status of laws in various states is presentod more foully in another paper and in our Legal Bulletins, hut sane interesting side-lights nr to he found in this artiolo. (Soo noto on abstract 292.) 297. SMOKE ELIMINATED BY SUPER-SOUND WAVES. power Plant Eng., 41, 174 (No. 3, 1937' J. Frank. Inst, 223, 510 (Apr. 1937); Sci* Nows Let. 31, ld'&T (1937). A popular account of leoturos and demonstrations of coagulation of smoke by supersonic waves, by H. W. St. Clair of the U. S. Buroau of Minos. Several other abstracts havo referred to this process, and a full aocount will prob ably be given in a future publication of the Bureau of Mines. 298. BEARD IS EXCELLENT SILICOSIS PREVENTIVE. Coram. Ind. 28, 418 (ifoy, 1937). nAn inquiry roccntly instituted among a group of masonry workers showed that clean-shaven workors sufforod by far the most from silicosis. Those with ~ strong moustaches got along much better while the workers with Hill bushy beards and moustaches wero jraetieally immune from silicosis. The obvious ex planation was that the moisture of tho breath on the Hair fonaod a very efficient filter and one which mon could not take off#** (The above is included as an itei of intcrost, but it should be addod that no authoritative reports of suoh an investigation have appeared.) general and Soientifio papers 299. TALC DUST IN THE HJB3ER INDUSTRY. Chas R. Williams. Safety Eng., 73, 49-51 (April 1937). Talc is used in the rubber industry as a dusting agent to provent pieces of unvulo&nisod rubber fresn sticking togother, end is disseminated into tho air in large quantities. Tho question of pormanent lung damage from this inhalation of dust has been raised, but there has been little work done in connection with - the problem. According to Dreossen and Dal la Vallo disabling pneumoconiosis is not produced, but there is evidenoe of a "fine diffuse bilateral fibrosis of the lungs which is definitely demonstrable in the x-ray." The author reports a survey of 9 representative rubber plants using tale. The dust concentrations found with the impingor variod frem 7 to 194 million parA tides pcf cubic foot. Tho quarts oontent of the dust is very low, usually only a trace. Roconmendations for reducing the hasard include oareful handling which con bo automatic in tho panning operations, isolation of dusty operation; use of talc with a high oarbonate content, and use of respirators. (Reprints may be obtained from the author. Engineering Dept., Liberty Mutual Insurance Co*, Boston, Mass.) 300. PSEUDOTUBERCULOKA SILICOTUM. J. S. Faulds. J. Path, and Baot., 41, 129-135 (July, 1936). Two cases of subcutaneous pseudotuberculoma, caused by implantation of silioeou matorial with no tubercle bacilli, are doscribed. They are similar to those previously doscribed under the name pseudotuberouloma silicoticum. In the twe cases, 23 and 10 years respectively elapsed between the injury and the devel opment of the tumor. Polarized light was successfully omployod in examination of the mineral substanco. to Reoent Literature - 5 . SICKNESS AMONG KALE INDUSTRIE EMPLOYEES CURING THE THIRD QUARTER AND THE FIRST * 9 MONTHS OF 1936# D. K. Brundage. U* S. Pub* Health Repts,, 52, 127-129 (Jan. 29, 1937), Ihe total number of cases of illness lasting 6 days or longer, among 164,000 Bfcle industrial employes (exolusiv of venereal disoasos) rose from 87 per 1000 in 1935 to 91*8 per 1000 in the -third quarter and first 9 months of 1936* * The jnorbidity rates for now cases of tuberoulosis of the respiratory system are unprocedently low for the third quarter* PYieumonia increased over the same periods while a number of other diseases wore lower than in the same period of 1955* The figures arc conveniently tabulated* (The Roport of the above date is ob tainable frem tho Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D* C* for 5 oents cash*) 502* DISCUSSION OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS AND DISEASES. 1935 CONVENTION OF THE IN TERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENT BOARDS AND COMMISSIONS, ASHE VILLE, NORTH CAROLINA* ( U* S. Dept* Labor, Div* Labor Standards, Bull* no* 4, 1936.) The following three abstracts summarise the papers of greatost interest among a nxsabor of others presented at this meeting* Those not abstracted inolude a few others on various aspects of pneumoconiosis end a largor number on provonti* of occupational diseases and aooidonts, workmen's compensation and its admin istration and othor matters of general interest* (Tho entire report is ob tainable frem tho Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D* C*, for 20 oonts 503. ESSENTIALS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF SILICOSIS AM) TUBERCULOSIS. L* U* Gardner* (U. S. Dept* Labor, Div* Labor Standards Bull* no. 4, 1936). Tho author begins by defining pneumoooniosis as "a condition of the lungs re sulting from the prolongod inhalation of dust." The condition boo canes a dis ease only when serious changes producing symptoms occur. An outline of the types of dust is then prosontod, with emphasis on tho point of "adequate ex posure" and the importanoo of a good occupational history* Tho pathologioal . and roentgenological features of silicosis and asbestos is are reviewed con cisely* A disoussicn of symptoms and prevention oonoludee the papor* (See note on abstract 302.) 4 504* RELATIONSHIP OF AS3EST0SIS AND SILICOSIS TO DISABILITY. R. R. Sayers. (U. S. Dopt. Labor, Div, Labor Standards, bull* no. 4, 1936)* The definition of silicosis drawn up by tho American Public Health Association i6 followod by the author's equally full definitions of asbestosis md of dis ability* The increased lost time due to respiratory infeotions among workers in dusty atmospheres, as compared to other workers, is demonstrated* In one of tho dustiest occupations, that of hand pneunatio cuttors in tho granite in dustry, whero the dust is high in silica, the time lost from such illness is four timos as great as among workers oxposed to minimum quantities of industrial dust. Tablos of anthraoo-silicosis and associated rospiratory infoetion and of mortality from rospiratory tuberoulosis ore included. (For reprints see abstract No. 302.) 305. PNEUMOCONIOSIS. R, Hunt. (U.S. Dept Labor, Div* Labor Standards, Bull no. 4 1936). The author considers "pneumoconiosis" as a genoral term very broad in scope and referring to'presence of any dust in the lungs. A review of the pathology of the pnoumoconioscs is followed by a more detailed discussion of that of silico sis. He states that "silioa is soluble in tho weak body alknlies, producing ^ferences to Recent Literature - 4 a toxin or poison, which "so alters the immediate surrounding tissue that it loses its resistance and becomes incapable of protecting itself against the invasion of foreign bacteria*" "Roughly speaking, an atmosphere .containing 5 to 25 million particles (of silica dust) per cubic foot, may produce sil icosis in from 5 to 25 years, and about 25$ of all dust workers will eventually contract the disease*" The history, physical examination, x-ray examination, dust counts and the progress of silioosis after exposure has oeased, iiro briefly discussed* Silica found in the lungs at autopsy amounts to 2 to 50$ of the total ash* Authorities hesitnto to call an amount less than 15$ ab normal. (For reprints see abstract No* 302*) 306. THE HEALTH OF CEMENT WORKERS. A. J* R, Curtis. Pit and Quarry, 71, 66-70 (April 1937)* The results of several years1 research work in plants of the Portland Cement Association are presented* The study included respiratory, abdominal, di gestive and miscellaneous disorders* There is little evidenoe of silicosis among cement workers, as may be anticipated from the very low oontent of free silica (about 2$)* The death rato for tuberculosis among cement workers is only one-half that for all males in the U. S. Registration Area* Minor re spiratory diseases are common but cannot be associated with dust exposure* Rheumatism and arthritis are the most important miscellaneous illnesses* Other diseasos are discussed briefly. (This office will have information about reprints on inquiry.) . 507, CONDITIONS OF WORK AND MORBIDITY AMONG WORKERS AT A THOMAS SLAG MILL. A* G. Kal&shian* Glgiena truda i tek* bosopasnosti (Russian) no* 6, 93-94 (1936) Very high dust concentrations wore found at tho Thomas slag mill of the metal lurgical plant at Kerch* Respiratory diseases are much more frequent among workers in this department than elsewhere in tho plant* The author advises dust control, careful selection of workors, medical supervision and ooca- sional transfer to loss dusty pl&oos , 508, MANGANESE PNEUMONIA. E. W. Baader. Aerrtlich. Sr.chvorstand. Zt* (German) 43, 75-81 (1937). , ^particular case of pneumonia in a worker handling pyrolusite in making dry cells led to a bibliographical study of manganese and limonite mining in various countrios. A high incidence of lung inflammation, including many fatal oasec, was found in all oountrios* In the case desoribed, manganese dust was found in the lungs, although thore was no change in the connective tissue* ** 309. THE MIST FROJECTOR FOR SUPPRESSING DUST AND FUMES AFTER SHOT-FIRING -- HOLMANWETHERILL MIST PROJECTOR. P. S. Hay. Iron and Coal Trados Rov. 132, 580 (Mar* 27, 1936). Discussion of this paper at various mootings is carried through several later issues. Spraying systems and other wotting processes for laying dust in mines are gonorally ineffective, because the comparatively small number of coarse drops is insufficient to bring them into contact with all tho dust* This difficulty is obviated by tho use of a fine spray, and various mechanical moans of pro ducing a fine mist were tried. Experiments were made on (l) the optimum sire of tho water particle, (2) the design of projector to give the most effective mist, (3) tho addition of small mounts of wetting reagents, and (4) the ef fect in dealing with fumes and smoke from explosives, which have been shown to acoelerate the development of silioosis* The addition of alkalies was ef fective in absorbing these gases, but it was brought out in tho discussion References to Keocnt Litoraturo - 5 . that the alkali dries on the clothing and bodies of miners# A small apparatus embodying the results of the research was found to reduce tho dust concentra tion to about 175?# With the Holmos-VVothcrill mist projector a small quantity of oastor oil is fed . into the air stream and atomized with the water# The oil retards evaporation . end consequent drying of the dust. Mine tests shewed that 805? of the dust pro duced by blasting was wotted and deposited near the souroo of production# Al though this projector is still in an early state, the results obtained give premise of greater comfort, for tho worker# Tho dust partioles remaining in suspension are mostly 0*5 to 2 microns in diomoter# The mist projector is most effective whore the ventilation is sluggish# (No reprints are available, but the material may be published later in a report# Copies of the magazine arc obtainable through G. E* Steohert & Co#, 31 10th St., New York City#) 310. THE lilCROEETRIC ESTIVATION OF QUARTZ IN ROCKS# S. H. Shaw. Bull. Inst# Min. A Ifet. 385, 19 and 386, 9-22 (1936) Tho objoot of the investigation was to cheek the chemical estimation of quartz or free silioa in rocks by the micrometric method and to determine the re liability of the lattor# (This method applies to material in the rock and cannot be used for dust or fino particles.) The Delasse-Rosiwal method is applioable to any homogeneous rock. A representative plane surface is prepared, and the cum of tho intercepts made by any constituent on a sufficiently long . line, divided by the length of the line, is taken as tho volume fraction of the constituent# The ohemical estimations of free silica were made by a "rational analysis" method, in whioh the powdered sample is treated alternately with aoid and alkalino solutions so that only the silica and refractory silicates, mostly orthoolase, romain. Tho residue is analyzed for alumina, a proportion of sil ica sufficient to make orthoolase is assigned to tho alumina, and the remainder is taken as free silica# Tho chemical and aiorcmotric analyses chock satisfactorily for igneous rooks# In sedimentary rooks such as sandstones, the miorametric method gives low re- suits as oaapared with the chemical, probably because fine-grained quartz may * be overlooked# In shales, clays, etc#, the discrepancy would be still greater ' and the mioramotric method is unsuitable# The presenoe of carbonates oauses especially low results for quartz# (Those bulletins are obtainable through G# E# Steohert & Co#, 31 E 10th St., New York City#) 311, DUST PREVENTION AND ELIMINATION. Ceram. Ind# 28, 299-302, 339-41 (April 1937)* A general discussion of the necessity of cleanliness and methods of dust -de termination and collection is followed by a description of means actually used and found successful in pottery, glass and enamel plants, with a number of il lustrations# In the pottery industry# the most difficult problem is in the handling of potter^ flint or feldspar high in free silica# Shipping in double bags is a partial solution, but spraying water at the time of loading is better# In other operations proporly dosignod exhaust systems have proved successful# After a dust survey had been conducted and improvements made, no dust concentretion of over 1 million particles per cubic foot was found# In the glass in dustry the.only hazard is in the handling of raw materials, and it has beon greatly reduced by improvements such as unloading oars by suction, briquetting, dust boots and enclosed mixers# An enamel plant is easily cleaned to such an oxtent that the dust hazard beoanos negligible. In a plant studied positive prossure is used "throughout the enamel shop. Tho greatost hazard is in sand blasting, where suotion for tho enclosed room and positive prossure for the oper ator havo been used successfully. In spraying and brushing operations a good down-draft exhaust is efficient# (Sec abstract 292#) 'gefereaces to Reoent Literature - 6 5J2. AIRBORNE COAL DUST -- ABATEMENT OP THE NUISANCE IN INTENSIVE CONVEYOR MINING. A. L. Davies# Colliery Guardian, 153, 755-758 (Oct* 23, 1936) Wetting of crushed coal in a dusty screening plant was found to reduce the dust by 99*5$ in the chamber under the truck tip and by 90$ in the vibrating screen room, without reducing the screen efficiency. Nozzles with l/8 inch orifices were usod with a water pressure of 40 lbs. per sq* in. The coal rate was about 50 tons por hour, (periodical obtainable from Stechert as above.) 313. PREVENTION OP SMOKE AND DUST EMISSION FROM CHIMNEYS. Nature 139, 138-141 (Jan. 1937) . In Great Britain 165 million tons of coal c.rG used annually, inoluding 35 mil lion tons in domestic grates* The large industrial units are equipped with dust and cinder-catching devices, such as cyclones and settling chambers. Tho Cot trell procoss has boon successfully applied to collecting fly ash. but it does not affect tho sulfur gases. In a large British powor station l million cubic feet of fluo gas are scrubbed per minute to reduce tho discharged sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide concentrations to reasonable fibres* (Magazine ob tainable from the McMillan Co.) 314. HYDRAULIC COALBURSTING AT NEVHJIGATE COLLIERY. D. S. Newey. Trans. Instn. Min. Engrs*, London, 92, 274*282. DISCUSSION, 282-290 (Feb*, 1937). This paper descriFes a now mothod of obtaining coal without the use of ex plosives, thus avoiding noise, danger of oxplosions from shot-firing, formation of nitrous fisnes, and danger to the roof, and producing a minimum quantity of dust. The coal burster is a stainless steel barrol bored at fixed intervals to receive pistons or plungers* A hole of small bore runs through the barrel and communicates with each of the plunger cavities while the barrel is conneotod to a pump* Oporation of the pump causes the plungers to omerge under pressure, usually for a distance of Sf- inches* After the coal is undercut, holes arc drilled in the coal to take the burster and the pressure is turned on* Tho pressuro dcvelopod is 4,000 to 5,000 pounds por square inch and the total force exerted is 50 or 60 tons. The coal is brought down in 2 or 3 minutos, (This office will have information on the availability of reprints*) 315. MEDICAL ASPECTS OF SILICOSIS. Ceram. Ind. 28^ 294,374. (April 1937). A brief discussion of the cause and courso of silicosis, the provalenoe of the silicosis racket and'the necessity for expert medical examination* (8eo note on abstract 292). 316. SOME ASPECTS OF BLANKET COVERAGE OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IN THE UNIIED STAIES. L. R. Thompson. U, S. Pub. Health Repts*, 52, 329-334 (March 19, 1937). Attontion is called to tho groat diversity of workmen's compensation laws in this country* Occupational diseases arc covered generally in only 8 statos, in others only specified diseases arc covered, and in many no provision at all is made. Laws that cover only certain diseases have boen criticized as "unfair, illogical,, .unjust and ineffective," The change from no coverage to blanket coverage to increase the rr.tos by n-t vor !% * Statistics of tho operation of the Wisconsin blanket low are given* Opponents of tho blanket law contend that the advantage of prompt payment is frequently lost. (Copies of the Report of above date are obtainable from tho Superintend ent of Documents, Washington, D. C., for 10 cents cash.) .jgfcrooces to Recent Literature - 7 . <17 SILICOSIS - RACKET OR RESPONSIBILITY? (instalment l) Charles S Pearce. Ceram* Bid. 28, 140, 145 (Fob. 1937). The author cites instances of the "silicosis racket" in which physicians inoompotent to diagnosis oilioosis and unscrupulous lawyers have had more influence on unintelligent juries than experts with carefully and scientifically prepared evidence* The author then considers tho actual dangor in oertain operations in the enamel industry. Sandblasting is a serious hazard, but the author's exper ience with spraying and grinding with oarborundua -wheels convince him that they do not involve a silicosis hazard. (See note on abstract 292, but note that thit is in the February number.) 518, PREVENTION OF SILICOSIS BY IMPROVEMENTS IN PLANT WORKING CONDITIONS, (instalment 2) Charles S* Pearce. Coram. Ind* 28, 342-344 (April 1937). A general paper on dust control, especially in the enamel industry, including exhaust systems, spraying booth's, respirators and positivj pressure holments. (See note on abstract 293.) C. Scientific papers on industrial poisons and other subjects exclusive of duet. 519, CHEMICAL CANCER. M. E. van Thcmsche, Ing* chim* (French) 20, 30-35 (1956). Cases of cancer duo to soot are twice as frequent in ohionoy sweepers as in any other occupation. Personal cleanliness and tightly fitting clothing around the nook and extremities aroth best preventives Similar precautions in oases ex- . posed to gasoline, paraffins, oils and greases, and specially tar, pitoh, rosin and aniline dyes# will do much toward preventing cancer caused by these sub stances. Strict raedioal supervision and the uses of processes which avoid con tact with the product will further reduce the danger. The derivatives 1,2 - . . benzopyrono and 1, 2, 5, 6 dibenzanthraoene are particularly aotive in forcing cancers. The author suggests a chemical explanation of their notion. 320. THE PHOSPHORUS CONTENT OF BLOOD AND OF BONE IN VARIOUS TYPES OF EXFERHENTAL POISONINGj LEAD, MERCURY, CHROMIUM. PHOSPHORUS, STRONIUU AND FLUORINE. P. Cirln Med. del Ut* (Italian) 28, 44-54 (1937). In lead and chromium poisqning the total phosphorus in the blood is increased, " while the soluble portion is diminished. With strontium the total and lipoid phosphorus are increased, while in acute poisoning the inorganic and aoid solubl fraotions are deoreased. In fluorine poisoning the blood phosphorus is variable but it tends to remain stationary in phsophorus poisoning. The bone phosphorus in the epiphysial region tends to diminish in lead and chromium poisoning, while with lead and meroury it remains normal. It is muoh augaented in fluorine and 1 acute strontium poisoning. 321. LEAD POISONING VaTH SYJTTOMATOLOGY REFERRING TO THE ALIMENTARY TRACT. L. Preti. Ifed. del Lav., 28 1-11 (1937). A discussion of a lead poisoning onse, including symptoms of the gastro-intestinr tract and argument concerning the duty of the state toward workers so afflicted. 322. CHRONIC LEAD POISONING WITH SYMPTOMATOLOGY REFERRING TO THE CARDIO-VASCULAR' RENAL SYSTEM. L. Preti, Med. del Lav., 28, 33-43 (1937) A detailed description of a case of lead poisoning in a varnisher, aged 46, is presented. The (Italian) legal implications of compensation and the question of beginning old age pension retirement for such an individual are discussed* jgferences to Recent Literature - 8 - SIGNIFICANCE OF 7.1-E TLOOD 1-ICTURE, LEAD ELIirm.TION IN THE URINE BY MEANS OP VARIOUS CALCIUM IREVARATIOES AND THEIR RELATION TO PHOSPHATE METABOLISM. IN VESTIGATIONS OK NORMAL IEKSGNS* F. Schmitt and V;. Ensse. Arch, f exp. Pathol. u. rharmakol (German) 184, 541-546 (Jan. 15, 1957). X low calcium diet in normal persons produces an increase of load in tho blood and a 6hift of tho total phosphorus in the plasma. Calciun given intravenously or orally increases tho total phesphorus, also the lead in the blood, sesaetimes to values approaching values found in lepd poisoning# There is a relation be tween calcium, total phosphorus and lead, manifesting itself in a parallel in crease. J24. CARBON MONOXIDE AS A TISSUE POISON. E, Schultzo. Klin. Wohnschr., (German) 16. 417-428 (1957). 1 One of two groups of guinea pigs was exposed for 15 to 20 days, 2-!| hours daily, to very small amounts of oxygen. While the other was exposed 10 to 20 minutes daily to a carbon monoxide concentration of 0.5:2. In the first group the thyroi remained nonnal,-while in the seoond, hyperfunction developed. Therefore it is not deprivation of oxygen but carbon monoxide that causes these changes, the let. tor acting as a tissue poison. 525. THE TCKICITY OF INDUSTRIAL SOLVENTS. S. G, Harry. Faint Manuf*, 6, 288-290 (1936). " The important solvents and plasticizers are disoussed with regard to solvent properties, uses and disadvantages, especially poisonous properties. The author recommends that only the least toxio of the chlorinated hydrooarbons be used in paints, varnish strippers, and allied products and their presence should be shown on the wrapper of the containor. Ketones, esters, and plasticizers cause but little damage# 526. FOISON GASES AND THE IETROLEUJI INDUSTRY. S. J. K. Auld. Petroleum Times, 55, 781-782 (1936). This paper dools with poisonous gases used in warfare and tho possibility of de velopment of now gases from petroleum# Ethylcno is a great potential source of . war gas, with the possibility of 40/$ being converted into mustard gas# Cracked gas may be tho foundation of the "persistent-lethal" for which search is being made. 327. NEW DISCOVERIES OH INJURY TO HEALTH BY CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES. F. Koelsch. Chem. Fabric, (German) 421-429 (1936). Jfii address on the poisoning by chemical substances, their effects, individual susoeptibility, diagnosis and sanitary precautions. t The substanees treated in clude most poisonous motals, carbcn monoxide and some organic compounds. 328. EFFECT OF ANILINE ON THE LIVER AND ON TEE FUNCTION OF THE PITUITARY AND ADRENALS N. K. Rudenko. Gigiena truda i tok. bezopasnosti (Russian) 6, 19-24 (1956). Animal experiments on the effect of aniline administered by various methods sho. ed that it acts on the liquids of the parenchymatous organs, especially on the liver, and not upon the oentral nervous system, as many authors believe# A now method of determining the effect of aniline on hormone formation shows that the thyreotropic hormone and adrenaline remain within the normal limits# j fer39es decent Litcratv.ro - G y&ri%I-E SICKNESS I'! MORTENS AITLYlNf- RUBBER GIUES. E. Holstein. Ifed* Welt, (fcrann) 11_, 331-293 (1937). A study was mace of 85 persons engaged in gluing together pieces or rubber for rubber shoes, with a glue containing 78$ benzene and 13$ trichlorethylenc. Eleven cases of bonzene poisoning wore found, also 14 others v.fto had been ill from anemia and honorrhuge. Improved ventilation was ordered and the use of the solvent vras discontinued. ,,0i FATAL PHOSPHINE POISONING IN FUMIGATING FOR CORN WEEVIL. 0. Gessncr. Saraml. v. Vorgift., (German) 8_, (Gutachten) 13-18 (1937). phosphine in high concentrations was liberated from bags containing 30 grams each of aluminum phosphide, distributed throughout a granary. Twelve cases of nausea and one death followed* KEY METHOD OF INVESTIGATING INDUSTRIAL DISEASES. F. Timm. Deutsch. Ztschr. f. d* gcs. gericht* Med., (German) 28, 48-50 (1937). By the use of a dorkfield method proposed by the author, it is possible to de tect snail amounts of heavy metal in the organism, how the metal penetrated, where it is deposited and how its mobilization by medicaments takes place. He reports as an example, a case of lead poisoning* (These claims appear rather broad, but this is all the information ve have at present* Abstr*) 332. A KICROGRAVIHETRIC METHOD FOR DETERMINING SHALL AMOUNTS OF MERCURY VAPOR IN AIR. V. A* Fiankov. J, Applied Chcm%, (U.S.S.R) 9, 580-582 (1936). On passing the air through a spiral tube containing iodine, crystals of mercuric iodide settle on the walls of the spiral* After removal of the excess iodine, the mercuric iodide is dissolved out with ether, dried and weighed* 333. PURIFICATION OF GASES AT THE MERCURY PLANT AT EIKITOVO. V. A. Piankoff and K* L. Loevsky. Gigicnn truda i tek* bozopasnesti (Russian) 6, 57-58 (1936)* It was found that 2 to 3 kilograms of mercury were lost daily* Considerable sul fur dioxide was also present. The authors recommend catching the sulfur dioxide with dilute ammonia and fixation of the mercury with chlorine. 334. DETERMINATION OF MERCURY IIT AIR AND ABSORITION OF VALORS OF MERCURY WITH THE AID ' . OF METALLIC. GOLD. V. Major. Collection Czechoslov. Chen* Commun*, 8, 339-348 (1936). " Very small quantities of mercury are determined by distilling into a fine cap illary, uniting the gl ibules with the aid of a centrifuge and measuring the length of the thread of mercury* In some cases the mercury was condensed in tubes ohillcd vrith liquid air* Quantities larger than 0*5 g* per liter the colorimetric method is advised* 335. DETERMINATE OF SMALL CONCENTRATIONS OF SULFUR DIOXIDE AND HYDROGEN SULFIDE IN AIR. II. V. G. Gurevich and V, F. Vondt. J. Gen* Chem. (USSR) 6, 962-971 (1936). The modified method of Vorlander and defends on the different rates of oxidation of hydrogen sulfide and sulfW dioxide in air in an ammonium hydroxide The sulfate is precipitated with lead nitrate and the turbidity due to lead sul fate is determined with the aid of a special photoelectric nephclometer* De tails of the method arc given in Chemical Abstracts, for Feb. 20, 1937, col* 629 or will be supplied on request) but we doubt whether they aro full enough to follow vdthout referring to the original Russian. References to Recent Literature - 10 336. NOTE 01! -'S' i:^zS7:m0r 0? P/JVGE IX LITERS, CARRIED out in OCTOBER-NOVE!.*- BER, 1936 IK TEE SOEi-^'BERO-.KEUST/.DTI'R KIEFS. E. Ncitzcl, Arbcitcschutz pp. 70-72 (1037). As a result of filtration experiments the author concludes that the lung in juries ir the Schn:eburg mine $ arc caused`by the radium emanations, and not by air colloids or dust. The quantity of emanation in the air was not decreased by filtering through carbon, although it was when silica gel was used. For pro tection of the miners, the author suggests the use of pneumatic drills where the enr.nr.tion content is high, control of nine r.ir, rnd changes of working place for the miners. 337. LATE I-OSTKORTE:: DEJUXSTR/ TICK OF CARBON KONOXIDF. IU I'ieczarkowski. Polska Gazeta Lekarskn, 16., 24-26 (Jan* 10, 1937). The literature on death by asphyxiation from illuminating gas is meager from the viewpoint of demonstrating the cause of death after exhumation of the suspected body. The author's experiments yield additional information on that point, and show that under some conditions the presence of carbon monoxide con bo demonstra ted for a surprisingly long time after death. Spectroscopic and chemical examination of the blood reveals the presence of car bon monoxide, even in decomposed parts of the body after years. If blood poisoned by tho gas is scaled with exclusion of air, spectral and chomical an alysis demonstrate its presence even after 20 years. The presence of the gas may also be demonstrated during 1 year by pouring thickly and drying the blood. However, if the blood is in contact with air, the tests are ineffective in a much shorter time, depending on the extent of oontact. The blood mixed with Jaederholm*s solution shows carbon monoxide for only a short time. 338. SOVIET CARTRIDGE RESPIRATORS FOR CARBON 1,'ONOXIDE. T. P. Glazkoff. Gigiena truda i tek. bezopasnosti, 6, 89-90 (1936). . Two hopkalite cartridge respirators are described, one with 1900 cc. capacity, good for 10 to 18 hours, and the other, 700 cc. usable for 1-J- to 3 hours. A dis advantage is that they give no warning when their effectiveness ceases.