Document b5LkDzk6pLE6gbqV8OGge3gxD

FILE NAME: Orton (ORT) DATE: 1946 DOC#: ORT005 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Proceedings of All Ohio Safety Congress Metals, Foundries & Occupational Disease Hazards Sections re <, ' mi* .. PROCEEDINGS OF All Ohio Safety Congress Held Under the Auspices of TH E INDUSTRIAL COMMISSION OF OHIO and direct management of THE DIVISION OF SAFETY AND HYGIENE Published under the authority of The Industrial Commission of Ohio Neil House Columbus, Ohio APRIL 16-17-18, 1946 HONORARY V IC E PRESIDENTS J. C- ArgeUingei* Vics-P res: dent, Youngstown 55heet & Tube Co., Youngstown, Ohio, Dr, F. G. B arr, Vice-President, N ational Cash Register Co,, Dayton, Ohio, H, C. Blackwell, Union Gas & E lectric Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. H, P . Blake, Secretary, H ercules M otor Corp.* Canton, Ohio. Powell Crosley, Jr*, President, Croeley Corporation, Cincinnati, Ohio. H arry DcBruin, Vice-President* Jeffrey M anufacturing Co., Columbus* Ohio. R. <5. Doming, P resident, The Doming Company Salem, Ohio. O tto Donnell, President, Ohio Oil Company, Findlay, Ohio. Thoe. J . Duffy, F orm er C hairm an, in d u stria l Commission of Ohio. Randolph Fide, P resident, The Ohio Dell Telephone Co-, Cleveland, Ohio. Joseph Fichter, M aster, Ohio S tate G range, Columbus, Ohio. Vv\ Y F is h*r , Pre 3idcnt * nnc Uer.r-m ; >>&nag <-;. Aru m- r ii<x^{: y C! : t '*ns , Lancaster, Ohio. P e rry T, Ford, D irector of H ighw ays, S tate of Oa:o, Columbus, Ohio. John Galvin* President, Ohio Steel F oundry Company, Lima, Ohio, D r. O, P. Grier, D irector of Employee Relations, Cincinnati Milling Machine Company, Cincinnati, Ohio. E. E . G rant, P resident, C rystal Tissue Co., Middletown* Ohio. E v e re tt S. Greer, Superintendent, P la n t No. % H arel-A tU a Glass CoM Zanes ville, Ohio* E. XL Grover, President, Columbus S afety Council, Columbus, Ohio. P h il H annah. S ecretary "T re asu re r and Legislative Agent, Ohio Federation of Labor, Columbus, Ohio. Charles R. Hook, P resident, The A m erican Rolling Mill Co., Middletown, Ohio. F ra n k H. Irelan, G eneral M anager, Delco Products, Dayton, Ohio. C harles L. Keller, V ice-President, The Gardner-Richardson Co., Lockland, Ohio. H. N. I^ape Sr., Chairm an, Board of D irectors, Julian & Kokenge Co., Columbus, Ohio. M urray Lincoln, E xecutive S ecretary, Ohio Farm Bureau, Columbus, Ohio. Ben W. M arr, P resident and G eneral M anager, Columbus & Southern Ohio E lectric Co., Columbus, Ohio. Don K. M artin, Secretary', Ohio M anufactu rers Association, Columbus, Ohio. J, H arry' Moore, DErector, D epartm ent of Industrial Relations, S tate of Ohio, Columbus, Ohio. H . E. Nold, The Ohio Ceramic In d u stries Association, The Ohio S tate Uni versity, Columbus, Ohio. W. W* Ohiemacher, President, Sandusky S afety Council, Sandusky, Ohio. Grove P atterson, President, Toledo Blade, Toledo* Ohio. P eter E, Rentechier, President* H am ilton F oundry & Machine Go.* H am ilton, Ohio. A. J . RuiTlm, Vice-President, Pow hatan M ining Co., Cleveland, Ohm. L. J . Sehuttc, Springfield S afety Council, Springfield, Ohio. Judgo Lee E. Skeel, President, Cleveland Safety Council, Cleveland, Ohio C. C. Sluaaer, Vice-President, Goodyear T ire & Rubber Co., Akron, Ohio. C arl L. Smith, S ecretary-T reasurer, Ohio S tate Safety Council, Cleveland, Ohio. George \V. Smith, Jr., Vice-President, W hite Motor Co., Cleveland, Ohio. E M. Tharp, V ice-President and G eneral M anager, Ohio Fuel Gas Co., Colum bus, Ohio. H. A. Timken, Jr., Vice-President, Timken RoLor Ben ring O n, Camun, Ohio, C. H. Torrey* D irector, Ohio Power Company* Canton. Ohio. J. A . Voss, V ice-President ;rv C harge of Personnel, Republic Steel Corp , Cleve land, Ohio. Ernest Willi urns. Safety Director, Huil ami River Coal Co., Rrilairc* Ohio. 4 COMMITTEES Arrangement Chairman: Harry L. Sam, Superintendent, Division of Safety anti Hygictm, Industrial Commission of Ohio, Columbus. Campbell Allen, American Rolling Mill Co., Middletown, Ohio. O. E. Anderson, Ohio Dairy Products Association, 5 East Long St.r Columbus, Ohio. John Askam, The Oh Oil Company. Findlay, Ohio, Ernest Augustus, Safety Director, The Mead Corporation, Chill:cothe, Ohi> Dr. F. G. Barr, Vice-President, National Cash Register Co., Dayton, Ohio Harry Boumr.ke*', Mscornber \Vratir.ae High School, Toledo. Ohio. Claude liawden, Underwr 3,.ib'>;aKuics, 52? MurV*t Street, Youngster i, Ohio. Harry G. Beale, Glendale Stock Farms. K. A. Bcrkey, Mansfield Tiro and Rubber Co., Mansfield, Ohio. Paul Black, Safety Director, Westinghouse Electric Corp., Lima, Ohio. H. C. Blackwell, Union Gas & Electric Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. Cfeas. S. Bowden, General Safety lnsj>oetor, Ohio Public Service Co.f Elyria, Ohio. John Breidenbach, Second Vice-Pi evident, Ohio State Federation of Labor, 202 South Ludlow St-, Dayton, Ohio. Robert J. Brown, American Education Press, Columbus, Ohio. William Brown, Safety Director, Libbey-Owcns-Ford Glairs Co., Toledo, Ohio. Gordon J. Buchanan, Cincinnati and Suburban Bell Telephone Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. William G. BurkHardt, Vice-President, Burkhardt Brewing Co., S16 Grant St., Akron, Ohio. Claude L. Clark, Executive Secretary, Ohio Sand A Gravel Assn., 403 Majestic Bldg., Columbus, Ohio. Allen Cleaver, Newark Stove Co., Foundry Division, Newark, Ohio. Joseph F, Coihns, Supervisor of Safety, Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co., Youngs town, Ohio. H arold R, Cross, Secretary, Chamber of Commerce, B ar her tor., Ohio. O, R. Cornelius, Southwestern Portland Cement Co., Osborn, Ohio. H a r r o w . Dailey, Safety Director, Wentmghou&e Electric Corp,, Mansfield, Robert 0. Dale, Secretary-Treasurer, Ohio State Building t Construction Trade Council, Columbus, Ohio. Leslie L. Diehl, Dayton Safety Council, Biltmorc Hotel, Dayton, Ohio. G. A. DocJler, Dayton Power A Light Co., Dayton, Ohio. Frank Elias. The Barnes Manufacturing Co., Mansfield, Ohio. E. A. Ellis, Director of Welfare, Wheeling Steel Corp., Wheeling, W, Va. H. S* Ernest, Executive Secretary, Chamber of Commerce, Columbus. Ohio. R. H. Ferguson Manager of Safety, Republic Steel Corp., Cleveland, Ohio, Joseph WL Fichter, Master, Ohio State Grange, Columbus, Ohio. D. K. I'inlcy, Secretary, Columbus Safety Council, 30 B. Broad St., Columhu^ Ohio. Raymond O, Pludder, Supervisor of Industrial Arts, Board of Education, Hamilton, Ohio. W. T. Foultz, I>uPont-Gras>H;ili Chemical Co., Cleveland, Ohio. F. V/. Frackeri Ohio Power Co,, Canton, Ohio. Ralph Gor&uchj Superintendent, Hasel-Atlas Glass Co., No. 1, Zanesville, Ohio. James Gourlcy, Timken Roller Hearing Co.r Canton, Ohio. Everett Greer, Superintendent, Hazel-Atlas Glass Co., No. 2, Zanesville, Ohio. E. E. Grover, Columbus & Southern Ohio Electric Go,, Columbus, Ohio. P. W. Gunther, Robinson Clay Products Co.f Dover, Ohic. William Gutwein, The McCall Corp., Dayton, Ohio. Charles 0. Guy, Secretary, Lima Association of Commerce, Lima, Ohio. Karl P. Hamilton, Central Ohio Light &, Power Co., Findlay, Ohio. Phil Hannah, Secretary-Treasurer and Lcg.siative Age!, Ohio Stale Federa tion oi Laboi, 120 Atlas Bldg., Columbus, Ohio. Harry Hcckathoroc, Vice-President and General Manager, Youngstown Pre* Steel Corp., Warier,, Ohio. 1L L, liershcy* East OhU* Gas Company, Cleveland* Ohio. George F, Hodgson, Republic Rubber Company, Youngstown, Ohio. John H. Horstman, Vice-President, Robbins & Myers, Springfield, Ohio. Ma non Hurr, General Tire and Rubber Co., Akrcr, Ohk. Joseph A. Ignat, U. S. Automobile Corp., Amherst, Ohio. Frank H. lrelan. General Manager, Delco Products Corp,, Dayton, Ohio. Guy W. Jacobs, Secretary. Ohic Assn. of fee Tr.Hnnries. SfcubemnBc, Ohio, j c hr, \V. Jocke:, 01u:> C<ii.iurei.ee cf B. M. cc ?. 1. 1*.. 14PIP Savari^h Avenue, East Liverpool, Chnciar.d, Ohio It, C. Jones. Jeffrey Manufacturing Co., 4th St. at 1st Av., Columbus Oiuc. James Kelley, Sandusky Safety Council. Rigor Hotel, Sandusky. Ohio. Victor L. Keys, Executive Secretary, Ohio State Assn, of Dyers ^ Cleaners, 30 Hast Broad Street. Columbus, Ohio. John U. Krumple, Special Representative, United Rubber Worker of America, United Rubber Workers Bldg., High flt Mill St., Akron, Ohio. J, T. Kidney, Manager, Employees Service Division, Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., Akron, Ohio. U. H. Krone, Safety Director, Cincinnati Gae & Electric Co., Cincinnati, Ohio, OliiToid Laver,, Cincinnati Hocking Corporation, l gm caster, Ohio. Omer S. Lcgg, Federal Printing Co., Columbus, Ohio. A. L. Ixonarc*.. Manager, Columbus Packing Co.. 198! S. High St., Columbus, Ohio. C. L. Lockhart, Shell Oil Co., Cleveland, Ohio. 1. A, Ludwig, Vice-President, Ohio Vuel Gas Co, 231 Huron St., Toledo, Ohio. Burt McAllister, Safety Director, Central Sand & Silica Co., Zanesville, Ohio. James G. McAutay, Diamond Alkali Company. Painesvdlt- Ohie. H. H. McCorklc, Safety Supervisor, Republic Steel Corp., Warren, Ohiu. Paul MeNish, Pas: Master. Okie State Grange, Chardon, Ohio. E, E. McPherson, Superintendent, Heath Refining Co., Newark, Ohio. Don K. Mattin, Secretary, Ohio Manufacturers Asn., 79 E. State St., Colum bus, Ohio. Harry S. Mealey, Safety Director^ Ohio Steel Foumhy, Lima, Ohio, Hay $. Metzger, Director of Claim and Safety, Toledo Edison Cc,, Toledo, Ohio. Urban L. Mohler. Personnel Director, Aero Products Div., General Motors Covp., Vandalm, Ohio. Walter B. Moler, Molar'* Belmor.t Dairy, Dayton, Ohio. Ralph Z. Moore, Personnel Director. Apex Electric Co.. Cleveland, Oh:. Captain 1?. Mbwery, Secretary, Ohio Hotels, Assn., 612 Reggs Bldg., Columbus. Ohio. H. E. Nnld. Ohio Ceramics Industries Asan., Lord Hall, The Ohio State U riv . Columbus, Ohio. (Wei W. Nutt, Safety Equipment Service Co., 2J3 Rose Rhlg.f Cleveland. Oh.o. Frank O'Malley, Personnel Director, Ferro Machine & Foundry Co., Cleveland, Ohm. A. H. Oglesby, Gardner*Richardson Co., Middletown. Ohio. W. W. Ohlembachcr, Personnel Manager, The American Ciaycw Co., Sandusky. Ohio. John Owens, President, District No. 6, United Mine Worker of America, 85 East Gay Street, Columbus, Ohio. Grovc Patterson, President, Toledo Blade, Toledo, Ohio. Howard K. Peat, Warren Roofing & Insulating Co., C'cvcland. Ohiv J Pharis, Owens-Illinois Glass Co., Columbus, Ohio. A. H. Folk, Superintendent, Cincinnati and Lake Erie Transportation Co.# Dayton, Ohio. H L. Pollock, Personnel Manager, Ohio Brass Cc,, Mansfield, Ohio. Hurry Porttious, Safety Director, Ohio Farm Bureau, 246 N, High St Columbus, Ohio, H. J P*H. Natiorsl Association of Pozemcn. II W. Monument PIdg., Dayton Ob:. Joseph S. Pricf, The McCall Coi poratior, Dayton, Ohio. 7 Thomas J. Price, United Mire Wor^pr* of Amer*r<i, Columbus, Ohio. H. 0 . Kinsow%r, Director of Airrie'Ptui-e Extension, Ohio State Univarsity, Columbus, Ohio. E W\ Read, Ohio Bell Telephone Co,, Columbus, Ohio, Harry Rehrawder, Wheeling Steel Corp,, Wheeling, W, Va, H. W* Jiced, S afety Director. Amerem Welding A manufftctuHrig Co., Warren, Ohio, I . K, Reinvrald, S afety Director, GroweU-Collier Publishing Co., Springfield, Ohio. Peter E. Eent&chier, President, The Hamilton Foundry1 A Mathine Co., H am il ton, Ohio, K. N, Rider, A utom ate q kikh-v C ; t ,*nation of Amenci.. Youngstown, Ohio, FYny Ritchie, Oo-npu a* vs* Ibtrh SoF h , P ayton, Oh hi. J. It, RowiHree, Ohio Iiiapeetion iiuieaun Colurtibua, Ohio. W. L, Schneider, S afety Engineer, B. F. Goodrich Co., Akron, Ohio, Dorothie E, Schtect, Ohio Too! Co., Cleveland, Ohio. L. J. Schuttc, Superintendent of Industrial Relation, N ational Supply Co., Springfield, Ohio. H. J. Schulz, Timms Spring Co., Elyria. Ohio, It. B* S eip k , Secretary, Trumbull County Manufacturers Asn.t 407 Second N ational Bldg., Warren, Ohio. Dr. M. M. Shafer, Medical and Safety Director, Frigid a ire Division, General Motors Gorp., Dayton, Ohio. E M. Simpson. Chief, Division of Workshops* & Factories, Department of Industrial Relations, State Office Bldg., Columbus, Ohio. J. L. Sivard, S afety Director. Wheeling Steel Corp., Steubenville, Ohio. E. N, Sloan, Secretary-Treasurer, Greenlaw n Cemetery Assn., 3000 Green* Uwn Ave., Co:limbus, Ohio. Edwin S. Smith, Manager, Hamilton Safety Council, Hamilton, Chic. Howard Smith, Diamond Milk Products Co,, Columbus, Ohio. Russell D, Squibb, Y. <& O. Coal Co., Martin* Ferry, Ohio. Joscpn FL Strobe!, Director of Vocational Education, State Department of Education^ 608 State Office Bldg., Columbus, Ohio Phyllis X . Swtaher, Cincinnati and Suburban Bell Telephone Co., Cincinnati, Ohio, Fred C. Tarbox, Vice-President, C. C. C. Highways, Inc*, Cleveland, Ohio. Vaughn N. Thorne, Executive Secretary, Ohio Coal Conference, I Z N\ Third St*, Columbus, Ohio. $. J. Tranter. Sorg Paper Co.. Middletown, OhiOj. Reid Vance, Secretary, Ohio Printers Federation. 20 E. Broad St., Columbus, Ohio. Thomas E. W aller, Secretry and Bujutm?* Representative, Carpenters' Lo cal Union No. 2i*0, Columbus. Ohio. Robert A. W arfc!, Ohio Pftm lcym A.*mn,, ob West Brom! St., Columbus Oh'n. T. H. Watfeijis, General Agctti, Railway Uxiiveiw Agency, tkxlumbus, Dhki. A. B, W augh, OfciH Works, Jon v & T^ughlin Storl C-o*p , fYevrdiind, Oivn. J. lw Weatbruok, Shawnee Pottery Cm, Zanesville, Ohio. Chester Wherry, Boys Trace School. Columbus, Ohio. J. E. Williams, Hail and River Coal Co., Be!a*rc, Ohio. Robert E. W illiams, Executive Secret aiy, Ohio S tale Restaurant Assn., JU S Beggs Bldg., Columbus, Ohio. C. H. Workman, Pharis Tire A Rubber Co., Newark, Ohm Paul Xk'glcr, The l i. P. Peuscher Co.. Hamilton. Ohio. Joseph pucker, Cleveland Plain Dealer, Cleveland. Ohio, Program Chairman: Carl L. Smith, Managing Tiuertor, Cleveland Safety Council. Chairman: Buell W. Cleveland, Ohio. Nutt, Exhibit President, Safety Equipment Service Company, I Entertainment Leslie b. l>iehl, Secretary, Dayton Safety Council, Dayton Chamber rtf Com merce, Dayton, Ohio, Publicity Chunmau: Har ry M- Paul, Supervisor of Printing and Publications, Division of Safety and Hygiene, Industrial Commission c f Ohio, Recep ten Chairman: James II. Flulccr, Assistant Superintendent, Division of Safety and Hygiene, Industrial O mr.iission e f Ohio, Registration Chairman: C. C. Bossot, Statistician, Division of Safety and Hygiene, In dustrial Commission of Ohio. BUREAU OF INFORMATION ON SAFETY, COMPENSATION AND CLAIMS SAFETY Chairman --H. P. Heyne, Safety Advisor, Staff of the Division of Safety and Hygiene of the Industrial Commission of Ohio: Thomas E Ashton.................. .................. ............... , .........Safety Advisor Charieg G. Barth........................................................................ - ..........Safety Advisor Arnold B ill................................................................................... Safety Representative W. Thornton Bogert ..................................................-.......................... Safety Advisor George H. Calhoun............ ................................ Safety Representative David Fox . ......................................................................................... Safety Advisor BUs* Fram e................................... ................... ............ Safety Representative Thomas E. Gettings................................................................................Safety Advisor B. T. Godfrey..,............................................................................. Safety Representative Foss H. Gragg......................... ................................................................Safety Advisor Don Hanna ........................................................... -................................... Safety Advisor H. P. Tieyno................................................... ............................................Safety Advisor Herbert P. HHlebrcmdt.................. ...... .............. - .......... Special Representative Wm. D. Holt........................................................................ ................. ,,Safely Advisor Robert W. Kirkland............................................. -...................- ............Safety Advisor Prank W. KIctt...................................................................... .. ........... Safety Advisor Adam H. Linta...................................................................................... ?. Snfely Advisor Bruce F. McGinnis................................................................................ Safety Advisor Yemen R. McQuilkin.... ................................................................ Safety Advisor Clareuco G. Marts.................................................................. Safety Representative Win. M. Morrow.... .......................................... .............. Safety Advisor Paul K, Norman. .. ....................................................... .....................Safety Advisor Or. W. E. Obeta.......... ..................... .......................................Medical Advisor Wilber E . P eirine........................................................... ........................Safety Advisor James P. Scanlon....... ....................................................... . .... Safety Advisor R oll. K. Schwarzcr. .. ..................................................... Safety Representative Sidney Smith................................................................ ........... ................ Safety Advisor Alfred K. Taubman.................... Safety Representative Richard T, Spencer..,....................... -................................................. Safety Advisor Wilbur E. Stuckey................................................. ....................................Safety Advisor Fred IT. Watson......... ............................................................. Safety Representative Howard E. Waugh. Amos R. Whippy ............................................................. .... Safety Advisor ........................................... . . . .Safety Representative COMPENSATION Geo H Tnomnsor. Supervisor of Information, Industrial Commission of Ohio. LIST OF EXHIBITORS Booth No. Deehler-Walhek 34--Ir> Acm* Safety X>roducts Co., Akron, Oh:v. Z'l American Abrasive Metals Co., Irvington, Mew Jerney. 32 American Mat Corp,, Toledo, Ohio, 1*5 K. J>. Ituilurd Co., Chicago, Illinois', 10 The JJilley Mfg. Co., Cleveland, Ohio. 10 The C. F. Dolge Co., Westport, Conn. IS Hy-Test Division, International Shoe Co., S t Missouri. 30 Industrial Safety Educational Service, Chicago, Illinois. IB Jfunkin S afety AppHarce Co., Inc., I^ouisville, Kentucky 16 17 Safetv Prinluels Co, <J!cm:'ih:hI, Ohio 12: L ightfoot Schultz Co., X-w Yorh X. Y. 29 The Lindsey Sanitation Co., Citvidz-rri, Ohio. 20-21 Lusc Display Oo., Akron, Ohio. 24 M artindale E lectric Co., Cleveland, Ohio 1\ Medical S upply Co., Chicago, Illinois. 33 Melflex P roducts Co., Akron, Ohio. 9 G. H. Fackwood Mfg. Co., St. Louis, Mo. 25 Portable Prod nets Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. 2 The Positive Safety MYg. Co., Cleveland, Ohio. 8 A, Schrader1 Son Division, ScoviU Manufacturing Co., Inc., Brooklyn, N. Y. fi Scott Aviation Corp., Lancaster. N. Y. I S&fway Steel Scaffold, Inc., Detroit, Mich. 7 The Stepan Chemical Co., Chicago, IIJInoL. 3 The S u rly Mfg. Co., Chicago, Illinois. 31 The Wiikir.s Co.. Cortland, New York 26 The Geo. L. Williams Co., Cleveland, Ohio. Booth N. Neil Iloufie 27-28 Antercan-LaPrance-I^oamste Corporation, Chicago, Illinois. 39- 40 American Optical Co., Southbrldge, Mass. 56 Bausch & Lomb Optical Co,, Rochester, New York. <7-48 Columbus Glove Mfg. Co., Columbus, Ohio. 76 R. C, Cook Co., Lorain, Ohio. 75 Flohr Manufacturing Co., Buffalo, New York. 59 The F yr-Pyter Co,, Dayton, Ohio. 69 Gro-Cord Rubber Co,, Lima, Ohio. 32-33 Hclmerichs Supply Co.# Cleveland, Ohio. 20-21 Industrial Commission of Ohio, Columbus, Ohio. 38 Iron Age Division, H. Childs A Go., Inc., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania *3-44 Walter G. Legge Co., Inc,, New York, New York. 29 Lehigh Safety Shoe Cm. Inc., Allentown, Pennsylvania, 40- 60 Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., New York, New York. :\u A6-37 Mine S afety Appliances Co., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. it5-46 The M, F. Murdock Co., Akron, Ohio. 68 Oil-Dri Corp. of America, Chicago, Illinois. .63-54 57-58 31 73-74 The Patent Scaffolding Co., Inc,, Chicago, Illinois. Safety Clothing & Equipment Co., Cleveland, Ohio. Safety Engineering Magazine, New York, New York. Safety First Supply Co,, Cleveland. Ohio. 26-26 Standard Safety Equipment Co., Cleveland, Ohio. 55 The Steel Scaffolding Co., Ine., Brooklyn, New York 30 Sugar Beet Products Co., Saginaw, Michigan. 34 Thom MeAn Safety Shoe Division, New York, New York. 24 West D isinfecting Co., Cleveland, Ohio. 22-23 Williams & Company, Inc,, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Wilson Products, Inc., Reading, Pennsylvania, 9 INDEX TO SPEAKERS -- C ontnued) I 'uK J 5 n .M. M c E lr o y ..................................84 V. . M c U n n ..................................... 446 George A, Mohr. .................................. 194 D. T. Mould..................................... ., 309 II. U. V i c k e u r * ................................ 500 K M. P ie tso u ..................................... 101 H yde U. P o w e l l ........................ 155 Hon. Jumes A. Rhodes ................. 29 B. It. R ickard*............................ , . 97 John Iloche. ...........................................303 Murry I*. St;in..................................... 33 Page Bernard S. Savoy. . .. ..................... 05 Dr. Sf. M. S h a f e r ............................ . 652 C a p t J, J. S m ld l............................... 537 Thoc^crs F. Scn:eh, . .................... 30 Colyer Snyder........................ .. . 170-508 H. O. Sprinkle........... ...........................392 Milan S tcek iu g ................................... 47 Geo. H. Thom pson................................497 S. J. T r a u t e r .......................................... 403 Wm. G. W h y te................................. 23 WI Haye* Yea go r .................................. 1H2 INDEX TO SESSIONS Page Annual Corerc* Banquet ........... 173 Cement, I/.nrse. Quarry, Sand and G r a v e '................................................. ^^9 Ceram ...................... 38-231 Ohomicnl . . - *..................................... 23 * CnnfitrurLmii ................................ 43-319 Duiry and Unify P tod u cU ............. 61 Kmployee Publication^. . . . . . 79 209 V'ui ir. Sect ton......... , ............... 97 F ieri Aid Hemnuslrntion.................. 47H F o u n d r ie s.......................... 34C Oenoi (it ScHRion............................. 27-473 tn Jus trial A its and Vocational R elocation ............................ , 118 Pap Industrial Commission S e c t io n .. . 490 Industrial and Commercial Motor Vehicle O peration............. . . . . UM Industrial Fire Prevention ........ 530 Merchandising S a f e t y ....................514 M e ta ls .......................................... 218-358 M in in g ........................ 418 Newspapers and Pi in ters...................235 Occupational Disease H a z a r d s . . . 548 Paper and Paper Products. . 201-458 P etro leu m ................................... 271 435 Psychology of Public Speaking, . 182 Public U tilities .................. 382 Supervision Safety Improvement 557 12 Official Program TUESDAY MORNING, APRIL 16 E IG H T A. M. Alt S&>siong W ill C o n v e x ou Eastern Standard Tim licjfisirarion -- Mexsanme Floor No Charge for Refcixtrntion GENERAL SESSION NINK-THIUTY A. M. Hall Room Chutrm an--G. L. Ooflinberry, Chairman, Industrial Commission of Ohio. S ong-- "A m erica" Ivocation; Rev. D- S. M ills, P a sto r, A vondale U nited B rethren Church, ColumbuR. Dedication; Uia Excellency Prank J- I*t*usche( Governor of Ohm Song-- *'My Ohio" Welcome to City: Honorable Janies A. Rhode, M&yot of Columbus* lt<emarks. I!urn C. Sain, Superintendent, D. vision of Safely and Hygituu*. S o lo--l^ -d ie L. Dieh= Group Singing-- Led by Leslie L. )>:oU Accompanist-- Norman done Inspirational Address; Them P. Subth, president, Iron nrd Steel Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. TUESDAY AFTERNOON SECTION MEETINGS CERAMICS TWO l \ M. Room 26(1--Neil House CfuiitTrum-- F, W. Gunther, Universal Sewei Pipe Co., Clcve'&nd, Ohio. Vtrc<7iiiirmuH--J. R. Westbrook, Shawnee Pottery, Zanesville, Ohio. 2;00 P,, M.--Opening Remarks by F. W. Gunther, Chairman. 2:15 J*. M,~ "Method and Equipment for Dual Control" : illustrated) Harr> O. Dims, Manager Dust Control 0vvision, American Blower Corporation Detroit, Michigan. S:15 P. M.-- ``Personal Protective Equipment" ; George Laschor, Mine S afety Appliances Co., Pittsburgh, Pensylvania. Mr Lascher will show the new rcapiratoi movie "The Air We B reathe". i :(H1 P. M.--- OisictiHMOn Period. 13 METALS SECTION Tuesday Afternoon Session, Apri! 16, 1946 T h is H&mion of U>* Sectfem of tb c All O hio S afe:? Congress was c*Ur,, i t two o'clock. by Mr- A. 0 . W augh, O tis W c ilu , dun* ^ LaugHUn Bteel Corpora!! d e m a n d , Ohio, Chair m an. C h a irm a n W au g h ; I th in k t h a t a goad m a n y of yog fellow* probably feel the ms&* way I d o a b o u t re su m in g the* a n n u a l m e e tin g s h ere n Cclvjrr.bus T h ere w*r& a ox*- bor of regional eorXareocea fu'.d thrcD frbou. in* iM ue. Vre:e ve.y j;, V. cmjcyed th e o n e tu C leveland vary m u c h , b u t I have alw ays looked forw ard tc ccso^v dow n h er* m d renew ing o ld a c q u a in ta n c e s and s n a p p in g kltuu w ith people U u t >o- roeet Over a ported of llrru!, am i t th in k t h a t an y o n e w ho in a tte n d in g to r th e firs;, hay w ill find t b i t U 1 a very en jo y ab le * 3 * tr a n d very txKmflclal. Evei g lace o u r first sp eak er coepicd th is chore 1 have h e rn w aitin g expvct&hil) h e a r Him ta lk . Ha c e rta in ly hwi a rcp u tA tio n , n n d th o firrd ou to aspruss, bis vt<*, on th a t aubjeot was Harry Sain, and I th in k H arry o u c h t to be a good judge of i w speaker. a n d I th in k t h a t w e really have a tr e a t Id to* for os. Mr H J O iecuiy. w ho b M anager of P e rso n n e l A rLairU btratlcn for tiic 3onr a La u th l l n S teel C o rp o ratio n ex P ittebusyth, h a s d o n e v ario u s thing* in his iiftt, He sort *: an aly sed th e m In tint way fo r mo. He aid h e hit* proceeded a* k trad esm an , a *> chanie, forem an, auperintendont and educator. Ha also gave m e a r a th e r n ic e o u tlin e of hew to In tro d u ce hi* su b je c t, b u t I *r* t little b it a fra id I will gpnn. i t u p I t is a well idea. I w in read th e o u tlin e to get idea of w hat b* has in mind- I w ish He w ould m ake h ia own In n e d u c tio n . in fact. No 1 p o in t 1, why tills pv tlc u la r o b je c t t h a t he L. dlcja& lng? H r will probr.M y cover th a t p re tty thorough!j T ile second ou is w hy d a we Have su c h * p a rtic u la r ta lk before tbi# au d itcc?? S will probably u i ; you th a t, too. Three why is it particularly p e rtin e n t at this p articu lar tim e? The subject its, he la d e a lin g w ith la p e r tin e n t a t a n y tim e a n d p ro b a b ly Juat a* m u ch o now as o r atirj, f o u r th , 1 w hy did we pick th is p a rtic u la r apeAker to do th e Job? Well, a* 2 said before, b e ha* got a re p u ta tio n an d be b e tte r live u p to it. I th in k t h a t a t UHs r u s e I Had b e tte r ask M r Gitx-jily to com* up a n d give us prasi of th is re p u ta tio n , and I really th in k lie cat; do U Mr. G rrenly. TH E K SPO N SlBH -lTY I' oAf-KXY Mr. H, 4L Greenly.. P erson twI R e la tio n s D ep artm en t, Jo es UtgHn S teel C orporation, PiiU hurgH , Pennsylvania. Mr. C h airm an an d Ocni:<*r>n f rid om ew h& t rep ilm lcd of ii sto y t h a t I ir n in tu c c a t of UH p rcb e n taito u i itreali t*l ev en in g wh< ,i Frviuk Xe<-< / t nd ' *-t?' i t !'* ! v i -i vv* . \ f l Uuv haaci.#: U tat was g iv e n l u tb i* s a m e room , u n d f a l l ch e c a p a ite p r * batti w ith ycu fer years ago. a t w hich tim e I wcjs th e n am li te d v, AH E u ro tie c m r e r d ty , e n d Have ioafc* forw ard w ttb an ticip ati on to re tu rn engagem ent Ak I w as vial tin g w ith frie n d s o t m i n t a t th e b a n q u e t la st even in g th e story tm l roo&lled wan re la te d by a frie n d of m in e in C hicago ft we.t w ry bad n ig h t kiwi a h a d n 't a n y c h a n c e to go o u t. It w sn o w in g Kc d id c o t know wt>t u> do *'ai hiruWil, He b d u t a n y th in g in th e room tc read , o he rum tirnged a rc u n d in tiy d rtw er draw er a n d m s t o t U y ra n Into a OWw c - a o it c of you knew w hat a 0 idees k one of tim er B ibles, a n d ho oponed u p th o fly leaf a n d th e re som eone in th e bofji had prepared fo r Him an d for o th e rs th a t w anted tc seek a oui a p articu lar of rcidngv T h ey Had a t th e to p . " II you t i e lor.ey *M .< yo.s i^c (n C hicago a n d you Isavts'* a n y th in g to d o rea d Jc-b fnvm A th 12,' *After you iiiuaitva, If you tUi mncily road MiUi*w inMn H to 32. W)io you kiilsts re a d in g th a t, re a d f u rth e r. H ead S t. !*uka from 21 la 2?.'* T h e re wa* a w hole IM vf um m read! U an y d u c was ksnly Eon:* wag h a d gone over th e list a n d a t m e bottom of th e n#t he h a d w ritte n ; It you re e d th e m a h and! you re till lonely call 'M yrtle M J7: " {Laughton 1 So, Kf a re s u lt of if 1 m a b o u t reedy to call M yrtle MJ7 reputation h t h a t follow s you. good or h ad , I au p p aw , b u t l *my, Ite r all, in a c c e p tin g tais *ju -wtiOn to apeak on th u u b y c t proposed, u won a ch allen g e to m e for ever: trssone. one being th e t when I addreatftd you sev ere f t w i m o I confused you no m uch met you w anted fu rth e r diecueeJod of th e ub^rct; two, th a t you w am od to b a d o u t f, i knew a n y th in g els* t h a n w h a t I ft&d covered in my first dlactuMden, o r. th re e . In drawing th e u a m e s of possible peakers o u t Of a h a t th e C h a irm a n of th e J*rogram i -n, rail tec had ?orgau*A th a t the sp e a k hod add reseed th e group on a previous i'veaaion. Of com ae, I hope t h a t n o n e of th ese rcaaon p ro m p ted my r e tu r n engagem ent* Mr. W au g h in hi ir tie r of in v ita tio n uggftslod trie topic. `T h e R eap an aib lllty for $friy *' I d o u b t *f he could h a v e picked m ore ch allen g in g aubjfccl. i t M one w ith *si|fc ail o f u* re v itally c o n c e rn e d I : 1* n o t new s u b je c t; it will b e of co n carr. :,< 'itiiu e year. Con*r iticu lly . I w ould },ke io o pen my rem arks In m a n n e r so m e w h a t m ittre n t--a t least d u re re d t fo r m e, l am n o t an a r u u . I have n o m u sical a l t i t u d e i ha* n e v e r been Able p v taotiaily to w rite p o etry. However, poem w h ich m a y o t ** a w ork of a r t n o r go dew y ia lite ra ry hie lory as m asterpi* ha s tu c k in my avlud ala s X re td it several y ears M e. 3 w ould like, w ith your p erm issio n , to give nm thi* little h it of peftfry ns m y text* TH E BETTER WAV ;u nether ere a w m o n than hear one any day. 3 ri rather on e *houl<3 walk w ith m e th a n m erely show the >* th e eye's a b etter p u p il and m ore w in in g than tbf> car*. f nc counsel is confuting b u t exam ple a always clear; Atut Vhe Ttrfwt of 11 the p re a c h f n ore th e m en who Uvo th eir creed, for to see the good ia action 1 w hat everybody needs ! can soon learn to do it if you'll let me see it done. i ran watch >cur bands to action, but your tongue too feet may run; <c.d th e le c tu re s yet; d eliv er m ay be very wise e n d tru e b u t F d r a th e r g et rty leasen by observing w br,t you do. ttid I m ay raisunderatand you an d th e high advice you give, Witt th e re 's no &iH u n d e rs ta n d in g bow you * c: a n d bow you live** Tc m e th e idea e*j>re*wd la th is vera la o n e t h a t safety m e n sh o u ld c a rry w ith th e m viifre*<er th o y fe,o I ; Is tru e to d a y a n d w in be tr u e tom orrow T oo o fte n w* b lin d o u r'* *.rs to c n e o u ts ta n d in g fa c t: T h a t m o st progress Vs n o t based on a re v o lu tio n wry W ts {iff ta r a th e r th e je -a p p ilp n lio a o f o ld p rin c ip le s to m e e t new s itu a tio n s n r curcuoas&ancc*. My c o n c e rn w ith th e d c id of s a fe ty in th is p o st-w a r era, a n d t h e re sp o n sib ility w* c for i t a s safety m en is n o t t h a t t h e fu n d a m e n ta l's u p o n w b te h all good s a fe ty t* fi iir.ded wil! r**' th a k e n by iv lu v * w h ich follow ih e w ar b u t ra th e r t h a t wa w ill d r p r n d or* the educational package a n d hand book "ready tc w ear" program * of th e w ar periud because they seemed to work In a "boom period" In oiety h h to ry . A you n g c h a p h a d b**in a-int in to a m a t i n g to la a m sa fe ty . He h ad b een a lttin ^ in those m eeting for tw o day, and c a t of dc&peraticr. he said to the C h alrm aa "M ay I ask Q iasttoa?" '`Stir*, you may ^sk a question " H r said, " I wns sent here by my manafrer to find out w hat 1 can do to h o ld the m>n t h a t we are now em p lo y in g on th e ir Job# W r are w illing to sp e n d a b o u t <2,000 a year In tr a in in g m en for o u r p la n t, b u t n* ( it a we get th e m tra in e d th e y leave, and 3 told m y m an ag em en t they did n o t need train ed m an ; w h a t they really needed another Personnel Em ploym ent m an becauw they were Q uitting faster th a n wr were h irin g th e m ** B u t o u t of t h a t w hole m eetin g th is ch ap w e n t h o m e w ith o u t an t:*irer to t h a t very defijitte q u e stio n because th e m eetin g was gelling package, keeping Jhelr f * c a In list m a rk e t p lace ra th e r th a n looking for th e answ ers to pro id m* th * l *fe so p a ra m o u n t in th is o n e m an 'u In te re st We m u s t n o t b lin d our '.vers to th e n etern ity for reappl teat Von of o u r o ld prin* riplas S a fe ly m u s t berjotne n. wy of life an d n o t m erely ft *erm on i rjt' T h* Ctut rv-ayumsihiiuy of tfc ty , th e itrst c u n d a tlo n trrf up o n w h ich jay *&> P ?o g r n m u s t be feu h t m Uu*i v e m u s t d en uttK tT tte r a th e r th a n be c c n te n i *L m ore;* ta ilin g - " I'd f u l l e r one th o u irt w nik w ith m s t h t n m oreiy show th e way- - <yo * * t e t t e r p u pi: odd m o re w ln t h a n th e e a r." W h en wo how m a n how u do th e job and tho eafety involved in his job. we m u tt of necessity change our a p ro a c h to m o o t th e cu n ttcw ln g ch an g es in jo b re q u irem en t , w m u s t of necsaoK? r d e s c r ib e rs-an aly * . and in so d o in g develop new a n d b e tto r m e th o d s; h o t only tettr j m ethods of safety h u t b etter m ethods of doing th e job. ZnstU uilanaJU m U a da w hich ! have always tn e a to avoid. t Let u s e eures we ere n o t g a tu n g th e can cer. We can only (give a tre a tm e n t, $ T bc scholar dva lops a hypothesis ai.tl h aving proved th e veracity of hia theory.. | c o n tin t to m iterait and m is t it to u b pupil* year after year. T he Industrial ai 1 m a n *igo develops a hypothesis, b u t be finds th a t th e aevuau a p p lic a tio n . th e chAEgte, j d i euns*U c* of th e in d u s tria l w orld re q u ire 1 ? e -e x a m in a tio n of Use t^seUneas r | h is th e o ry . We o n never afford to ijw tltuiiottail& e la d u s in t u f e i y . We can ; afTord 10 cl ce o u r cyea to th tr. cessait t ch a une o f in d u s tr y nc<5 o u r resp erjrb O itj 1 j furm aJh o a frty fioed mi tried an d }vr>v,';i techsilqve*. b u t c o tu u e u iy a d a p te d to ne j th e fuluat-luo .if th e day ` M ay I ask you w h a t Is your sa fe ty stogau In y o u r p la n t? W h a t a re th e psrr j you arc p u ttin g up to th a t particulier p lan t? Are they taU lng th e atcry you wart - g e t over o r r j e th e y j u s t easier to b u y t h a n th e y at to tfeuak. th r o u g h th e tory h are try in g to get told? O u r seco n d reaponalbU lty o r fo u n d a tio n sto n e 1 to avoid p ro g ra m s of safety c*rt.; fo r th e sag * of eafeiy. Kvcry su pervisor in charge of a sa fe ty p ro g ram , every foresee of jr.cn for a n In d u strial age m u a t rem em ber th a t h U rsaponaibU U y is on of acrrvt May 1 ay to you very frankly th a t I am hopeful th a t wo g et a philosophy stoir: w here wo a re w illing to Rive tn s fo rem an b ack hia jo b . W e have placed so m a z y apaeai Lsts in th e p la n t today w ho arc ta k in g aw ay Mt by biz th e fo re m a n 's jo b t h a t 1 tain U U tim e t o t u r n i t back to h im a n d w e will reco g n ise t h a t we, zjs apociaHsU, n o n ly serv an t ui th e forem an who is th e lin e p ro d u ctio n m a n w ith in y o u r ow n industn : : v a re to m a in ta in o u r p rin e.p les o f > u ; n g th e m en aoo U d o ne, we m ust cat ata z tl> re m in d ourselves th a t afeiy is a fu n c tio n of itoe *uj>erv:5-or T he ism s: on th e jets, n o t m e d ire c to r of safety , m u i 1* th e te a c h e r a n d th a s a fe ty diroctv T h e killed w o rk m an who Is u sed ai a safety in sp e c to r m u s t n o t be re p la c e d by 4 ter book 3 re la te d In fo rm atio n . T h e safety program of th e fu tu re . If it is to succeed be on th e se tw o fo itcd . t`cr, i h h w F irst. t h a t th e p ro g ra m b e ad ap ted to ,v a p p ro a c h to c u r r a n t re q u ire m e n ts, a n d second. t h a t Uiq p ro g ra m d o es n o t involve --.HU for the sake of safety, bu t Instead is directed towards th e fu lfillm en t o f the respect b ia ty of th e Hue supervisor and th e key operator W ith o u t a firm belief In thaw Ur c o n cep ts, th e auiety of th e f u tu r e will n o t progtow* in th e ta m e p ro p o rtio n as It h u t previous year. T h e th ir d rti*|Xnib!iUy fo r tho f u tu r e can beat be ex p ressed by th e simple vert "p la n n in g /' m u s t realte* t h a t in d u s tria l safety is rid in g a w ave created by t t n a tu r a l c lr c u m s u n r e s . We m u s t n o t Uow th e surge, of d e m a n d fo r o u r eeniew t; w eep o u r fe e t from th e olid reck w h ich ev en tu ally m u s t s u p p o r t th e fu tu re of m effo rt. I n o rd e r to b u lw ark o a n s l u n fo r th e v tc ln h u d r j of th e f u tu re , we m uet pun zow a b'.ucprlm far mecUng th e of th e f u tu r e We % m not; fin d u oee-eaiai to c o n su lt & cry sta l bxll n o r is th e re any nn&oivnblo m y#tcry s u rro u n d in g th e itir. problem s w hich will face us w ith in the n ex t few years. No c o m p a n y c a n m a in ta in It." p o sitio n in th e in d u stry of lo m c rro v by p ro iirfri a t th e av erage acceptable ra te T h e p*iucr. o f m y own c o m p a n y in t h e etct lad.>itr c a n b e m o lo ta in c d only by tiio d e v e lo p m e n t of m a x im u m p ro d u c tio n p e r oui* ut: pzv& irv& n record are u o t only by th e btilil-lp capacity of th e equipment tir a lso b y th e b u ilt- in ahtittca :>( th e m m w h o o p e ra te ttila e q u ltu a e n t. O u r safety tc grans to m o rro w tnu *t be ee m an y -aid ed as th e p ro d u c tio n o rg an ln atlo r. Including eupft vieion, prod u ctio n worker, m ain ten an ce m en, nnd staff Mpeclslists. P ro d u c tio n today is b u ilt to te o u r e q u ip m s m U l co m p arab le w ith in th* lntuto Wage hsve been w tsbilshed by govem tnant. Fries* have bsen e su b lish e d by ganram e n . W h s t U le ft b u t b e tte r su p erv isio n 10 g et o u t mort p ro d u c tio n over the te.mr 11 11." tv1! vtnu (i;tri.3i"dpr 'ritUnm^nt nntl vni.i u\,m pnwor, und ym ir m an power U Us o n ly p ..vram you have le ft upon w hich you ron m eet th a t com petition., We ro u s t i m p w e sf**tr m othods co n stim tiy to m eet th e in c re fse d skill retain mentjH of tcrhuc-iuKtoni .Uvarcement T h e po*t ir, safety hu been a crie of chaisje 2l vt better concepta- enday * t Jone* & L a u fh n s te a l C orporation aw r i* mptUig vo a w e t th e aety c iu ile a g a cm a:; tr& nt*, T oday f ara i&ylof fouJUUtkJu* M ili fu tu re , Wc re p la n n in g to d a y o r th e req u irem en t c i torn a n o . T he co m p lic a tio n s of m o d e rn In d u s tria ) su p e rv isio n req u ire a p lan n ed . onR&nt?ye<r #PP--o*ch lo t i p ro b le m o f k e e p in g s u p e rv is io n a b re a s t w ith th e rap id ch an g a in th e ir r*pon&ibtUtlM, W e have estbU #hed a corapr henal ve supervisory safety p ro g ram bleb provide* a m ean of conveying p e ru c e n t inform ation from top m anagem ent to ijl rr.rmbft 6f th e supervisory group, f t also serve as a channel through which opinion* *r,$ *nggsttoe fiow from th e su p e rv iso ry g ro u p t o to p m an ag em en t, i t tlrnulat* flrrper th o u g h t and m ore oarcfvii a n aly sis of th e eupervlxor* responsibility of safety to as* employee b lm r e it a n d to th e o rg a n is a tio n w ith w h ich he works. am safety m e n , are m v a t n ev er g a th e r th com nr tin g robe* of self~aaU iicitn a b o u t a* u c f b c o n te n t to h e a r th # ec h o of o u r d r a fo o u te p n n g lo g hollowly . o.ir .<,*t*red offre b u ilt fro m th e m a te ria l of p a s t experience, *c h ig h th a t th ey 1.%'O^V1 ;* r r .m w hich p ro te c t u s freer; t h e v iclsaiu id ea of a ch a n g .n g w orld We m ust, r a t tvs**. f .a a l ouj feet XIrarity on th e o re a d h ig h w ay to tlm fu tu ro , c ertain of th e f u r e U m m ia S vpon. w hich wa h e r o based o u r p la c a a n d in e r tin g th e c h a llen g e o ch ange gladly W f a - v ui it we recog-pire o u r c h a n c e to grow p erso n ally a n d to serve succcatfully. 1 w ould like to ta lk inore d efinitely ab o u t how we are growing aa individua'* because Ihe grow th of each one of ue U d e p e n d e n t u p o bow th e safety m ovem ent and me indue tria l re la tio n s m o v e m e n t w in grow , a n d w ith y o u r permtswUox* I hould Vfct to ag you a f*w c o n c e p ts re g a rd in g o u r o w n g ro w th in th is m ovem ent. The re sp o n sib ility fo r s&faty Is .fu rth e r in te n sifie d w hen we exam ine o u r poi-sotcfi growth W hen w* th in k of p en ttm al g ro w th , H H m y belief th a t you can b ta u g h t in itcogntise It b u t l d o u b t w h e th e r y o u c a n too t a u g h t grow th. However, leader# :n pedagogical th o u g h t tell us t h a t re c o g n itio n of th e problem Is th e mo*t Im p o rtan t atep in th e accu lsU lo o o f know ledge Z w ould like to dUcxtsa w tb yoy th e n som e forrr* e* rrecgnlU oa as it a p p lies to th e re c p a n slb u lttc fo r safety , w ith th a hop* t h a t tf.cy vm m ake y o u r p e rso n a l g ro w th a r e a lity becau se yo u recognise It In other* lust m<*,^sgeat a few o f th e s e fo r y o u r s tu d y becau se. It aeexes to m e, i t ties specUlc*:* y h ito xnx *ub;ect, "T h e R e sp o n sib ility for S a fe ty Growth Is revealed w her. a n ir.d iv ih u a l le a rn s to subm erge hi* own p e rso n a lity and desires lb tb s c o rp o rate o b je c tiv e s, w h en h e le a rn s t h a t th e c la rin e t player is r o t fudged In t ttu O hJa 4*>.o p erfo rm a n c e* b u t r a th e r, by th e m a n n e r in w h ich th e venes of hi# tn e tr tc n e u t tld in c re a tin g m e h a rm o n y of th e o rchestral body Hatty of you are woe d a rin g how th is ce. be don w ith o u t loas o your own i m i t a t o r or bow you c a n g a in y o u r p ereo n ai o b jectiv es w h e n yo u tifie your own in itia tiv e a n d licit co n sta n tly of th e value of y o u r effort to th e g ro u p endeavor It u u o l ttlflicMii and yet m a n y m en find to th is o n e p ro b lem th e re a so n to r th e ir lock of a c c o m p lish ment I t 1 overcom e w h e n th e in d iv id u a ! re a ltie s t h a t he w iy he m easured in term of w hat h e p ro d u ces In ste a d o f tu te rm s of how w e h o can *ctl him self to h!a I>m* Growth te revealed w hen a n In d iv id u al develop a passion for accuracy, T his paw-imi wilt be m a n ife s t la v ario u s fo rm s : I n a m e tic u io u so e s* of th o u g h t, o f speech, of Analysis, of drees, a n d of a c tio n . H ow c a n w e develop th is tro ll? T h e cause a n d tile *i Mt be and th e lam e accu racy develop# s c ap p reciatio n for accuracy M eUoiltJM kiim erretops acecracy of action. Growth U revealed w h en you d ev elo p * senae of tselanglng. Do you belong to ^our outfit? Tco m any individual* lack m l i a v i i s n of th e im p o rtan ce of cciRT.vmUy of r f f e i too many Individuals feci t h a t th e com pany for w h ich th e y work la m erely a tr.crhfui'.sm rubliabed to provide th e w h e re w ith a l fo r th e d aily su ste n a n c e . * say to y o u --if you r-nnot fffid in y o u r co m p an y c o n d itio n w h ich m a k e i t possible for you to p a r tie lp itc tn the co m pany's a c tiv itie s a n d o bjective as a ju n io r p a rtn e r, tu r n In your re slg n it'o r. md look for a n o p p o r tu n ity e lsew h ere- b u t only do th i* a fte r you have d eterm in ed heller th is separation from those w ith whom you w ork is n ot due to your person*! utiturf*. Growth is revealed w h en you r a n re a c h fa rth e r th a n you can grasp, Im p o rta n t, yc* li m at s ta te m e n t is n e t tru e w h a t is a h e av en fo r? On# of th e m o a t se rlc u a p ltfaU a con fro n tin g every In d iv id u al is lack Of via.or* an d svre th a n th a t, a Jack o f d esire to re a so n beyond le p re se n t pow er to *0*1tire. M m ? $copl# re s tric t th e ir th in k in g to th e n a rro w confine* of th e ir a llo tted d u ty O th ers cirri'm ef the fu tu re and fs.il to d .re c t th v ir efforts tow ard ureeas in th e p resen t TM* m u ch it certain--m ore JndlvlduaU w in find sueco* If th e y give a tte n tio n to d e v e l o p s k th e rsjLmml skill* w j u M to du Uvair p re s e n t job m td )c<u n to th ltik Ih tsrm of bo* tu Job a n d o th e rs m *y h improved* Here is a te sp o M ib w iy re bave for safely. T h e re U o u t te c h n iq u e . if y o u w ould call i t th a t, w hich will h e lp you to grer* j itola reispeot, a d d t h a t is th e h a b it oX a sk in g tb a q u w tlo a " W b y f How m a n y o f you hars ex am in ed y o u r fo rm s to find o u t bow m an y useful auU*u& you aro now gsU ing* M a n a g e m e n t says, " I gua wo w ill to*va to th in k about a i t a * a rd force. We h ave too m a n y a n th e payroll/* We should exam ine those th at * p u t tn d u rin g th e w ar a n d th ro w o u t th o ee t h a t a rc n o t needed. W hy should the m bo d o n e th is w ay? W hy sh o u ld th e p ic s e n t fo rm toe uad? Why should th is pori u c o n tin u e d ? W hy is th is p i c c e uwd m m a k in g th e p ro d u ct? Why do re Jlod , diitocuit to aaum e th e p roper re la tio n s h ip w ith o u r aasociate? A little wotd, yes, t. One vrtolcto m a te * possible n c e t t s a n d accom pli* b a i m i w hen * e th ic k of the reaps* b;:wy we h a te for safety Q rtrsrlb H revealed w hen a m ar. le a rn s t h a t it is rr.c:c im p o rta n t to tm r. ** u n d e rs tu d y th a n it to d u cato h im self. S om e m en have a tte m p te d to aaatorsU*. tj* p o sitio n toy s u rro u n d in g :to*xaelvM w ith weaVUnss Som e have a itc m p te d to tav * t h s j r auccoas by m ak in g c e rta in th a t ttosir plan* could not reartiSy be toJed. So:? h*n toellrrcd t h a t to give c re d it to a n u n d e rs tu d y fo r accoro pi M im en i Is a sign cf persoti Inadequacy; but sooner or later, those who have adhered to this philosophy Sad la th e ir places can be Sited hy an o rg a n isa tio n dori tenleil to th e th eo ry th a t the a v alu ab le p ro d u c tio n in te rm s of co st ah eets, sales a n d aJtaty 1m th e p ro d u ctio n oi *'*?! W hen wc aantfcm * p o sitio n of sa fe ty su p e rv isio n . let un l>u re t h a t we surround o* selves w ith stro n g m en, w ith m en who do th e job b e tte r tb n n we, w ith men of ahi of loyalty, of coal, and of devotion to th e task assigned. They will assure your pro, tion. You c a n n a i G ro w th is mve&Ied w hen yo u have learn ed to live w ith those w ith whom you wen I t la s o t en o u g h to be rig h t, Y o u r associate* m u s t Know t h a t you are right* Doga* w ill n o t m ak e tini* possible. P e rso n a : energ y a lo n e w ill n o t co m p en sate foe this ^ fa te n e ? . K n o w led i't o f t h e jo b w ;li n o t tem p*: th e head for th is ferrr. of under sta n d in g of rMKponaltiUly for th e safety m ovem ent. T h e g rra ts s t m en ha*? beet r c 1 believe, alw ays w:/ fcw th e c c t t cone-lrterala m en C oruW eratc :;*v. because of :? m otives, n o t because It app ear* to b e a te c h n iq u e w hich win n an ce their scM? * a u n ts --e o iu k lfta te because th ro u g h experience they h a re developed a D urance *r i a ttitu d e of nwrpect foe all m en Lastly I w ould urge th a t you c o n sta n tly devote your cutrgioa tc your pe:s*u grow th w* you c rudder th e re sp o n sib ility w a*i have for *wi;y if you have lente: to th e presence o f g ro w th . yon w in fcnvr n rrtiin iih tot'd m u c h . You will 1 * lv arn sd th a t ynu m o t stu d y g row th as you won in Lnciv e nnd I rut* yet grow th ta n g h i or to. It c a u g h t? T h a t you c a r n o i r.t <si> m ul invTC-t. it as you **-.i a m o to r t h a t you c a n n o t an u ly *e H or pVi-v it unti'* ;t m l-ctovcopc; tout th.n > can feel It* You can feel it m your org an isatio n and you are the folk* who m u st help ysur massoclatea g io ir, Y our m o v e m e n t Is d o m in a n t a n d your g ro w th w ill cau^? othru grow. W e m u s t look u p o n it w ith a enee n o t so m u ch of u n d e rsta n d in g tout waa t concept of re a ilm tio n th a t it is th ere. Jo h n B u sk in one m id . "In ord er Ota: in n , <*n to- ^.UxiArd w n h th eir cero dcsih. th e y m u s t too pid fo r ttor w ork th ey are dem g s n d they t a t fee: a cose of sti^trin H * T h is o rv a h ie a h o n Is nomp^tsed o f m en ard w om en who have been belli aoademicik., an d IndurtrIn,,ly pmspat-cd for th e w ork of anie*'? u ' * ' - Y < i h *, * a-^-anih?' g re a t w ork, Tt*# Wurit h a s n o t toeec oom plaied. T he rDAponsibihties are sUU avaiensv* I leave you w ith th e hope th a t yeti have learned to look a t the b in . The man r; has will never see hi own shadow . T he m an who hae will never find his mind cioc^, by th e d a rk forebodings of an im possible fu tu re . The m an who hue will find in dia c u lty th e key to g ro w th a n d in g ro w th th o key to ubwss iu .miming coutm uajw th e responM bllUy th a t ba h a s a n d m u s t &&mmc in Ut In g tc u t sa fe ty m ovem ent Let tie c o n tin u e at* safety people to look a t th e n\m T h a t ie o u r ruspo mitiUlti as I see It. T h an k you very m uch. C h airm an "W aughr T h a n k you. Mr. Q ra c r/y . P e d o n a li/ 3 am a a tisfie i th a t he lbe u p to tots rep u ta tio n , M aybe h e d id n o t n eed any in tr o d u c tio n I fe lt sure that H*r* Salr's tel im e filai sh ou ld h a v e h o e a e n o u g h to aetiaf y mi* TYta fier.fi rrj ten o r uf It : likftti very m u 'i. p f i b kS( rty Uni V*r wUi cf ti;e m m sV promoting th e m an below him to grow also, Vo will never g et feu oft if ft* u O u t uasi of & m an- Il ft* Is n o t yx>u may get fel* job. At lftU Umts would 2ike to enll o n Mr Campbell Alleu of A snsthun TL>lLn Mill. *tw I Otudrm&n od o u r N om inating C o m m U t , to give us feu report ( w ould fee u plain, an d probably should, first* th a t Jim Gourley of the Tim ken Roller B earing rcjapnay of c a n to n would norm ally become the Chairm an of this Section for n e s t Kr and Joe ColUns th e Vice C hairm an an d a new Secretary selected. Mr. G ourley he wured m e several tim es th a t he will n o t be able to tak e th is chore on doe to having 'jddrrftt.e oth er work and ne a raftpo ssib ilities th a t we feel th a t he hou Id n o t try to & it. th a t u , he would Uke w b u t he lias *o m any o th e r thing* to do th a t r*e ju s t um not feel that be -can take tt Oh. and Mr. Mien WIH now give u the rcuU* of ioe N om inatin g Ccasssittsebi election!*, Mr. C am pbell M ien: T our C o m tn lttet has m et and sub m ita for your approval Joe r^ n a tu C h airm an for nc*v y*r< Mr, C&Haa ui of Ywiirgstonaa Sheet and T u b e. A* `Ae* C hairm an Mr. E,, o . R uralsr o? Am arioan Steel i t Wi*c Company, of C u v H a a d . *%4 Secretary Mr. Jo h n Van Syckte, Bajm&Uo S tel Corporation On m otion in a *'*TnliMUW;u w*ve unm Jm oualy approved. Chairm an W tn gh : T hanh you, Mr. A lien. F rankly, in goto*: Into th e n eat part -ar program I do n o t rea lly feel cap ab le o f d ea h n g w ith a sa tisfa cto ry m tr o d u e tlo n of tse su b ject. I t taies In the program h er* th a t we are go in g to de; w ith th e In- tiitr lti H ygiene D evelopm ents fteinUntt to S afe ty , an d we naked tw o g e n tle m e n Vo a:cua th U problem fro m several mmtemnt angle; wo have naked Mr. T h eo d or* P. Iln tah a the In dustrial Hygiene Foundation or Flttaburgh, who it head of the M em bership lunlon D ep artm en t or D ivdon of th a t o rgan isation to ta lk to u first Mr, H a tc h come very well quaUed. TVfhap some of you know th a t b e t u r th a n 1 i& You m ay Have h eard him ta lk 1 th e N ational Safety Congre** or o th er place, 1 run asaur* you th a t be know hi* ubject 1 haw been provided by K r. B atch, a t m y request, w ith some of hi* background* He an in stru c to r of In d u strial Jlygirne at Harvard University. Associate D u st C ontrol New Ycrfc D ep artm en t cf Labour, Associate Professor cf in d u stria l Hygiene. VnU -m r.j of Pcm urylvania, and hi* m ilitary service--! ecJgtt m ention heior* i in to th a t ;h*t Mr H atch is also co-cutfew of * book on "In d u stria l D us;", coiloborm tioi w ith M a n o r P h iftp D rinker, I feel;eve. of H arvard in th is work. ' He la a D irecto r of tb s In d u strial Hygiene Foundation, and I belter* th a t la ht chore mast of th e tim e, b u t th is m ilitary phaoe of Ur. Batch** life --fee is a very m odest fellow tod someone oaUed my a tte n tio n to ti c fa c t th a t be 1 wearing a pin w hich fee p rise* u r f highly. I t la called th e Legion of M erit and It was aw arded for rrvlce aa Hone arch rtecutive, Armored Research Laboratory engaged la work on Design of Armored Vehicle ad other w eapons resu ltin g in increasing com bat efficiency and saving live. R wa n o t a t Mr. H atch 's auggostlon th a t I m ention th is , b u t I know he Is vary p ro u d si it and ju s tly ao because be la one of th e m any dvU ians In m ilitary service w ho h av e applied th e weapons and th e mana for our men to fight a victorlorn war, probably w ith foasldorubly leas ioea of life. I th in k l have probably s*id mot* th a n Mr. Hatch would prefer to have m* W f. b u t i baps you will pardon nxn if I haa overdone It. I, however, do n o t th in k so. 8b. X beft^v* th a t tt w'm id be well for u s to get o n w ith ou r p ro g r s , an d it U Kb c o n sid e ra b le p le asu re th a t :nproduce Mr. T h ro d o re F H atc h or th e I n d u s tr ia l fatten s F oun d atio n who win discus th e subject of Industrial Hygiene D evelopm ent SbrUUfeg to S afety Mr D ykw r will be heard Is ter on on another phase of th is subject, INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE DEVELOPMENT RELATING TO SAFETY" Mr. Theodore F. H atch, Head* McmbcrshJp Keatlon, Industrial Hygiene Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Mr. Chafe m an an d Gentlemen* The CbnUcnsn has been kind enough to refer to my recent m ilitary connection ,im f with m any others in the recent w*r. I ahmitd like nothing better than to talk 4tout my cwr. personal experiences end the experiences of o: tiers who rer* associa tad *ith nan u* *Le Armored Medical firsuioreft Laboratory because the work which co n fro n te d * #,nd tfeo rxfr~:cnr** wftirfe we had have vume v**ry real a`gr.tficsirto# in re la tio n .. 1 ^ problem wTUcii w* t 1'' in b rr* thi afL^rnrson 1c. Htduvf*>. S h e asked o n e of t h e boyn. " J o h n n y , w h a t doers t h a t d c m u n a tra te to y o u ?" He eld. " I t to a d i e s m e if I d rin k Whtokcy I w o n 't h av e w orm *," {L a u g h te r,) 60. wSieo a c c id e n t a re cau sed 3 th in k we sh o u ld tcacH o u r m cm ^cr h lp th e cause of the accident and. probably prevent the next one, However speaking of a p articu lar case th a t happened In o ur org an isatio n some* tim e ego: O ne of our member running a table saw lost a Anger an d will probably loae a n o th e r o n e. H is h a n d Is p r e tty well bunged u p . W ell, th e c o n tra c to r h a d to pay a n a d d itio n a l p e n a lty o f 35 p e r c e n t. L ater cn th is p articu lar m an went to another Job They w anted b u n to ru n the saw . H aving in m in d h ie a c c id e n t, h e d id n 't w an t to do It. a n d h e d id n 't d o it. Anyway, th e re w as a new m a n on th e job, an d th e y p u t him o n th e sow. T h e mars th a t hod had th e accident k ept id lin g the m an ru n n in g the taw th a t he had b e tte r be careful' " O h ." lie said , " I h a v e h a d a k>t of experience a n d I know how to h a n d le sis*** saw s " T h e i s m s h a t h a d h ad th is accident was trying to tell him to be careful a n d h e was Jum too careieas to listen. Weil, lite r on th is p a rtic u la r m an ru n n in g th e saw tipped th e tab le w ith th e saw ru nning and reached under lo tighten a bolt th a t holds the guide, and he lost a couple o f flngera. He ju s t w o u ld n 't listen to th e teachings of th e m an th a t h a d suffered, So. th e n , th e c o n tr a c to r said in a casual way, "W ell. I'll p u t th e m an t h a t has b een try in c to teU tid e m a o w h a t to do back on th a t. He h as h ad fin a c c id e n t. He should m ake a good saw m an now th a t he has lost a couple of fingers." I th in k as we go a lo n g if we couict teach th e m em bers of o u r organ txaMona th e causes of accidents th a t h av e h ap p en ed they would derive a lot of b e n e 51 from it. C h airm an F ears: 1 would like to have ou r n o m in a tin g co m m ittee re p o rt as to w hom they h av e selected for th e officers for next year. J o h n Jock cl a n d H orner Davis were appointed to th a t com m ittee yesterday. Mr. J o i n W. J o c k e l; S e c re ta ry as T reasu rer, O h io S ta te O onference B rick lay ers and M asons, and P lasterers Onion, Cleveland. Ohio: Mr. C hairm an! T our nom inating com m ittee appointed by you m et this m orning We checked over the cards to find o u t who to nom inate for vice p resid en t next yer.r We w asted to se le c t axv e m p lo y e r fo r th e co m in g year. Y our n o m in a tin g c o m m itte e : eerry to say t h a t we w ere u n a b le to A nd a n y on* tra c to r * rum * on th o se cards th a t we could reoem m end to you to a p p o in t n e x t year. We believe th a t the* offices should be d istrib u ted am ongst th e different part* cl th e sta te so th e re w ill be m ore in terest In these congresses. We feel th a t if we have them all from Cleveland, o r ail from Cnlum bua, we will have a gathering from th ere a n d not fro m th e rest of th e sta te , W e fe lt we w ould like to d istrib u te the office th in year down th ro u g h C in c in n a ti or som eplace like th a t, an d by doing th a t th e y m ig h t be able to get a larger delegation. t h a v en 't aeon th e cards lately. Mr. C hairm an, have you seen any cards lately that Indicate we have any em ployers her? CbaJnmzx Fearse: I t is Ju st aa bad at It was yesterday. Mr, Jeckei: I t Ju st show* you, Mr C hairm an, th e In te re st th e em ployers of C incinnati and Dayton en d C olum bus and Toledo bare taken la this congress, Y our c o m m itte e cam e to th e conclusion, Mr, C h a irm a n --and we ho p e t h a t It meets w ith y o u r approval in th is c o n g r e s s - th a t we recom m end th a t wc as th e nom inating c o m m itte e r i l l c o n ta c t th e A ssociation o f Em ployer o f T oledo, O hio, a n d eee If we c a n 't g e t th e ir a s so c ia tio n to reco m m en d a n a m e to u s for a person to b e vice cb&frmaa n e x t year. We m a k e t h a t recorx m en d atlo n fee Hag t h a t w hen T om B en tley w as alive ho was Lvaya very in te re ste d in safety, a very p ro m in en t m an in safety, an d by making t h a t ro c o o rm e u d a tlo p w e m ig h t bo able to get a good em ployer n e x t y ear to be vice c h a irm a n , end b e w ould be picked th e n ex t year aa ch airm an , an d wo m ig h t b rin g more In te re s t b a d e In T o le d o fo r th is congrw n. T h a t 1b o u r re c o m m e n d a tio n . C h a lrm m Pearae: Did T u n d erstan d you to ay th a t you selected a chairm an, b u t you d id n o t elect a vice c h a irm a n ? Mr. Jfrcfcel: We recom m ended th a t Vice P resid en t W aller be c h a irm a n n e x t year, a n d we ft re re c o m m e n d le g t h a t we se lect a vice c h a irm a n fro m th e E m p lo y ers' Assoc!* lio n for e r t year from Toledo, Ohio. (On m otion th e suggestion was adorned.) Mr. W aller: Mr. C h a irm a n : I appreciate very m uch having th e h o n o r of b ein g your c h a irm a n n e x t y ear. I h o p s I am able to live th a t long a n d all o f you ore a b le to come 320 bock and bring m o ^ people w ith you--n u t ju*t b ^n it * r am halt man, h u t beciui* cf the message you receive here to tote* back to your feMow workm en. Chairman Fears*: We are going to ask our old friend, who boo been In thin safety movement as long as it ha* been going, th e snrao as liom or Davie--you no tice 3 picked o u t two old wheel boraes for th is m eetin g tody~-to give u s a ta lk o n. "R equirem ent* for Safety on the Job." John W. Jocteel will ta lk to nit r>nw. Ho is ocretftry and treasu rer cf the Ohio tfutie C onference Urtckfftvci,*t muJ Mmi Plasterers Jrte n rn tlo n a t Cnlon, Cleveland. Ohio REQUIREENTS FOR SAFETY OX THE JOHM Mr. John W. Jock el, See rotary and Trea^t: rer, Ohio d U U Conference Bricklayers a n d M**. and P:a.cU<rer in te rn a tio n a l Union, Cleveland, Ohio Mr. C hairm an and employees an d laborer of th e All Ohio C onstruction session Before I go into my general rem arks. I have a few things to say. I am not going to keep you very long. X ca n 't Quit* u n d erstan d , toeing on your n o m in a tin g com m ittee for tbU year, why we c a n 't have m ore em ployers w ith in a rad iu s of 60 mllea of th e v id n lty of Columbus to atten d the* safety congi-Mse*. There is som ething wrong. They don t take an in terest in it, and we m u s t try to find o u t why i t is. I do believe th e closer you are to a m eeting the less re p re se n ta tio n th e y have In th a t city. We have a few delegate* from C in c in n a ti, and wc have one t h a t X know of from Dayton, Ohio. We do have c u ite few from Toledo, and a g reat delegation from Cleveland. We even have a little tow n like Lorain. Ohio, w hich sends a than from ihe Building Trades Council. I t show s you In these sm ai: to n ! tories they are even taking Isttttst and having s m en come down hero and spend a few hours. The subject the ch airm an asked m e to talk ab o u t is. R e tir e m e n t* for Safely so the Job." Weil, th e requirem ents are all in th is book. B ulletin 2C2. If you would road the Hfet? requirements I w ouldn't have to tell you w hat they arc. B ut t know from experte th a t there are only te n per c e n t of th e representatives of labor and only one per cen t of th e m en who work, w ith th e tools, th a t know th a t we have a book tike this, I believe there w e only a b o u t 15 p er c e n t of tho employer who know anything about the provision of B ulletin 302. I happened to a tte n d a m eetin g h e re a b o u t tw o years ago w ith BUI Morrow. I t was a building trad* m eeting. We talk ed a b o u t safety a n d B u lletin 202. T h e business agent of th e building trad es council said to Mr. Morrow, W hat te th is B ulletin 202 you am talking ab o u t?" Thera was a m an th at w w secretary of the building trades council o f a large city sad he didn't know t h a t th ey h a d B u lletin 202 in effect. Row. I would like to tell labor t h a t th is B u lletin 202 was th e h a rd work of organized Utoor. We found o u t back In 1918 th e re were no requirem ents tn th e i n s tr u c tio n industry. It wo* a q u estio n th a t yon had to m ake a c o m p la in t to th e forem an or th e contractor on the jk)b th a t the Job w>sn't safe, tmd th a t n ig h t a t four o*cleK.k you rot your check, or you g o t your check a t tw elve o'clock th a t S aturday, ju s t because jou made a complaint, because you were rsklntr for a safe place to work. So, labor in th e b uilding In d u stry decided th a t th e re was only one way to prevent sectdenos in th e building in d u stry an d th a t was ct> have req u irem en ts passed by the stats of Ohio whereby you w o u ld n 't have to lu your Job so often, and you would have requirements th a t would be very specific so th a t th e em ployer would know w h at to firry out to prevent accidente. So. now . you have th is B u lletin 202. You hRve had it 1923. It came from 93 sections to a b o u t 340. I t ha been revised three times, Row, these requirem ents are fo r th e em ployers to carry o ut. T h is book is for the employer. He has to ace th a t th o se req u irem en ts arc carried o u t on hi operations, if he will carry o u t these req u irem en ts on h is o peration, th ere will be no question th a t he has done hi duty, and th ere w in be a lot of accidents prevented. Row, they w ant to know w hy labor d o e sn 't tak e m ore in te re s t tr> safety nd pro tor. of accidents. T h e only tim e n m an th a t works w ith tool In a trad e l* Interested in safety Is when he hoe an accident. Y cvr vice chairm an told you th at, rmm that day on he knows more ab o u t safely laws th a n th e m en who drew th e :*. up I d o n 't say all mph yerra, b u t wp bnv-c ju itr a fow em ployer* t h a t aro n o t imemntNl in unfitly itti In <1viMnft th o ir m rpfTlnf.riitP'ni'v rul fn n -m n i to ***( tim i Ilio lavunni c a rrie d o u t, Whom th e em ployers wake u p le w hen you p u t a p e n a lty on them P rom t h a t day o n th e y aro cm th e Job. I h ad two of thro employers in Ohio who were penalised. W hen they cot their 35 p e r c e n t --one s o t 40 o r 50 p er c e n t--th e y said . " Jockcl, from now o n ware going to be m ore careful/* T h a t 1* why we gar u p th e r ig h t to su e, ao wc c o u ld get th e specific rcQ U lrcm tr.it We d e c id e d t h a t th e only way to w ake u p a c o n tra c to r w as to p en alize h im a perecmciV* an d have th a t come o u t of his pocket--n o t o u t of th e C om m ission's fu n d ? over there X d o n 't lik e to *ee everybody g e t h u r t to h e in te re s te d in safety cm th e la b o r hit. I d o n 't late to w e employers penalised to get th em in terested . B ut I do believe that, w hile t h e em ployer h as a resp o n sib ility to see t h a t hi** Job is safe, wo a s w ork? have th e sam e responsibility to see th a t th e places w here you work a ra safe, also If th e y a r e n o t safe before you go on. you have th e r ig h t to dvlw a fo rem an or s u p e rin te n d e n t th a t th e place you are going to work rs n o t eafe. and he arili c o rrect th a t I k n o w th e re la n o em p ie yer in th e S ta te of O h io t h a t w an ts to in ju r e anybody o r k ill an y b o d y . They are ail h u m a n , a n d th e y d o n 't w e n t to h u r t anybody. B u t we find o u t th a t per cen t of your em ployers never get on th e job They arc busy fig u rin g Jobs. T h e biggest Jo t today is try in g to got lab o r and m aterici T hey may h a v e to p la y th e black m a rk e t a little b it to get U. Bo T #*y th a t we as workers have cs m uch a responsibility to see th a t tills code h carried o u t as th e employer*. T o n h e a rd th e figurera yesterday from Mr. M cD ev itt or P en n sy lv an ia t h a t 88 per cent o f th e a c c id e n ts arc caused by th e m ^n th e m se lv e s. T h a t la correct, N ow , \( th a t U c o rre c t. X m u st say to o u r peopl who are o u r rep re se n ta tiv e* tn& t w# sh o u ld try to get our m en safety-m inded. New. i have henm a fot ab o u t being safety-m inded, h u t being aafety-rr. inded doesa't m ean a n y th in g unte you have sa fe ty -m in d e d ness la y o u r h e a rt Tout can tell them to be c a re fu l T h a t is Ju st byword w ith th e m . If t m a n is n 't sola on safety and hasn't got sa fe ty in his h eart, he Un'fc going to be sa fe ty -m in d e d . We have g o t to try to educate o u r people th a t wc represent so they will be sold on safety from th e irride Tf we will d o th a t, I believe we a rc going to Co o u r Job. As I sa id before, w hile th e em ployer h a s a job to d o t o carry o u t th e se req u irem en ts w hich ara m ad e fo r him to carry out, we have ao qual jo b to do in cooperating w ith hint. Now. th e em ployer can 't be there w atching every tim e you m ake a move to ete w hether you are being careless. If he was th ere, ft w ould coat him a lot of money. B u t y o u know m e n w ho have b een w orking a* b ric k la y e rs o r c a rp e n te rs fo r 40 years, a n d th e y say, "X h av e d o n e t h a t all m y life ** I f you w o u ld give h im a kick in the shins once In a while and talk to him you m ig h t be able to get him to be m ore aafetym lnded before he gel* h u rt. Y ou talee o n a lo t of o u r o p e ra tio n s, t h e re q u ire m e n ts in th e b u ild in g In d u stry sny th e e m p lo y er m u s t p u t a g u a rd rnli o n scaffold. H e m ak es ev ery th in g safe. Along come a plum ber or another tradesm an a n d he says. " I have got to take th a t guard roll dow n because t have got to p u t som e m ateria! there to do m y Job " H e takes th e guard rail down He walk* away and d o esn 't p u t it hack. It says In this book th a t the su b -co n tracto r who takes th a t guard rail down nfmt p u t It back, b u t It d o e sn 't any th a t if be take t h a t g u a rd ra il dow n a n d d o e s n 't p u t it back he is fining to be pen alized . T hey are going to p e n a liz e th e m an you are working w ith I say th e re re a lot of o u r tra d esm en w ho m ake ch an g es on th e c afield r. lifer e^ftrd rail. If th ey w ould p u t th is safety rail h ack, th ey w ould he doing th e ir Job to pro tect th e ir fellow workm en. T h e S afety and H ygiene D iv s e n claim s t h a t th e y go a ro u n d e n d ta lk to a n old w orker a n d he ay, "W eil. I have d o n e K a!I m y life a n d I never g o t h u r t '* He caya "Baloney foe you." Now, wer ju s t h ad a s accid en t dow n le C in c in n a i!-- a brick lay er fro m Cleveland. I w orked w ith him aro u n d 40 years ago I c r th e F e rg u tc n C onstruction. C om pany They are sold on safety. They believe in safety. They h are addressed our congress aererei tirata, B ro th e r B aker from C in c in n a ti called on th la fa re m a n a n d to ld him *T h a r e been o ut here a couple of time*. You have n o overhead p ro te c tio n . There ere m en working above these bricklayer an d o ther people, You m u s t h av e overhead protection,** lie was o u t th ere two or three tim es He said, "X have been forem an for 43 years sr.d T have never had a n a c c id e n t/' Well, th e n e x t day ho f*:ll if tlin amir]*! T hm * wiw no cuavti rnon Micro Sfe %:*in* t til Hf*t Ktiii <*T n IlilJt* k| m*(1, iinl fir rrru'lu i( f**r Etto wtil!,II)*' lirii'k 3. b u t tb b rick wuli wa.*m't tlicru, II huppt'iied to u ov-r to tu e o liio r aldo. itti h e aa through th e air. He w e n t dow n eleven feet. He wan in th e H ospital three days, end tedltd. That le a case I w a n t to b rin a to y our a tte n tio n , He wns o n e o r th ese oM tim e his th a t htul th is old byw ord, "I lmvo lite n luylng brick a n d Hie fm <0 years unti I awr got H urt," There le alw ays a firs t tim e . T h e re was t h a t m a n 's tim e U t h as now been b u rle d tout a week. We h a d a n o th e r case in Ci v ian d , a c o n tra c to r, where a b ric k fo rem an was d o in g teas u n d erp in n in g to p u t i s a n I-b eam . In ste a d of shoring It up, h e tu rn e d aro u n d a n d c u t th e brickw ork. He wiw very carolers T he brickwork sta rte d to coma dow n. He ttoptd to th side, T h s te w as n o g u a rd rail tirer. He fell over, a n d h e died m a couple Ct a i n . T sm lu s t b rin g in g th o se p o in ts o u t la show yon th a t o u r rrwm arc ju s t os careless the em ployers. Nov, we have a m u tu a l agreem ent or u n d erstan d in g about safety. We m u st cooperate itb the em ployer a* m u c h as He m u s t co o p e ra te w ith us. If w e fail to do o u r p o rt a n d ii>1sc th e c o n tra c to r o r th e s u p e r in te n d e n t o r fo rem an t h a t th e o p e ra tio n we are going work or* I u n sa fe . we d o n 't care to go o n it--if we go o n It i t He going to be o u r Nocnd. an d th e em p lo y er m ig h t be p en alised . Mr. H om er Davis lu id yo a t h a t th e r .c r . who a rc n u n m u s t raster, i f th ey ore out ot em p lo y m en t six m o n th s t h e i r fam i ilea suiter. IS th e m an Reta killed, th e n hie tjdren m u s t ru d e r th r o u g h lack o f su p p o rt an d e d u catio n . fio I ray to th e eropioyers-- th e re are o n ly a few u p in f ro n t h re~-lhsa specific tccclmne&ta arc th o cam e aa a sp ecificatio n o n a job I th in k It Ja y o u r d u ty , w h e th e r you feste a large Job or a sm a ll Job, to give th e se sp ecifications on th e Job you ore going to feiHd and say, "T o m J o n e s , h e re are th a specificatio n s and p la n s to b u ild ib is b u ild in g . Her arc also sp ecificatio n s to save th e lives of th e b u ild in g tra d e sm e n o n th is J o b " If he t i l l carry out th e specifications in the construction in d u stry for safety, I think th a t we w ill th e n b o th do a very good Job. The ides of accusing the contractors th a t they are causing ol these accidents, and they accusing ue, ta th e w rong way to cooperate along th ese lines, T h e y are n o m ore responsible th a n wo are, a n d we are n o moro responsible th a n th e y are. fiut I ay, U you go hack from this m eeting and do n 't carry o u t th e things you hear litre and give th e m to th e r a n k a n d file w h o m you rep reeen t, th e n yo u r tim e dow n ber le Just w asted. Those who have com e here to d ay and yesterday no d o u b t cam e here to hear a ra w tta <tnd go b a c k a n d d o o o m e th h ig So X believe th a t now t h a t you have g o t th e m esMtge and you have g o t som e In fo rm a tio n here t h a t you m ig h t d ig e st t h a t you have n o t fenrd before, you sh o u ld go back Homs a n d try to sell It to y o u r local m em b ersh ip a n d try to show th e m t h a t th e y Bhould be m o re carefu l on the o p eratio n . Now. com ing to th e s e m e e tin g s we see a lo t of figures. Now. we a re ta lk in g a b o u t th e se posier. I have been a c h ro n ic c ra b o n th e se p o tte rs or over te n years. X have com e ta the conclusion t h a t th e y a r e n 't going to d o a n y th in g a b o u t It. X go over th e re as an individual, X ta lk to J im T in k e r a n d S a!n a n d K earns. T hey soy H la a fine Idea B u t the ides d o e s n 't m e a n a n y th in g to th em . I came to th e conclusion rig h t th is m orning w hen Jim Flufcer said be w*s going !o consider u u s a n d ta lk to som ebody, t h a t th ey a r e n 't going to do a n y th in g ab o m it vnless this o rg a n iz a tio n to d a y ta k e s som a a c tio n . We should have a ccm m itte gu over tad cal] on th e O o m m tw lcn and. te ll th e m w h a t we w an t. I call on th e s u p e r in te n d e n t a n d h e says, "J o h n , th a t i* a good Idea. I wCi tak e it Sown, to the I n d u s tria l C o m m issio n ." Be takes it dow n to t h e In d u s tria ? Commission, a n d ta lk s tn th em T h e y say th ey ibiak U is a wall id ea I t is a sw ell idea, b u t tt h a s n 't g a t an y p lace. A few years ago we h a d th e S afety D irecto r o u t a t th e W hite A utom obil c o m p a n y , H? asked me If I w ould com e over th e re . T h ey got a n a rtis t t h a t w ould di?vw p latu rea, M labor being careless in excavating Gier. Lockwood sold th e y w ould dq It and they would pay to r It. Ha w o u ld h av e th e a r tis t draw a p ic tu re on th e first job. T hey rouid bang it on th e s h a n ty a n d Jrt tb s u n ic a hall. I t w ould bow w here a lab o rer Is coin* into d itc h or a n y ex cav atio n w ith o u t sh o ring, Ha w ould sec th is m un g o t titled, if ho eeee h e is going In to a d an g e ro u s sp o t ho will te ll th e em ployer he wofi`1 C In unless H Ja sh o red . o o s s : ! .* i i g S | * | 3 S S 1 " W ^ g o ,,* S " I^sS^isrg** t * ! 5 * S I *3*3 rr> rtkJ- - 5 r i ! " 1 i j j i m "II i f 1 I II llff! fJr?? Wa lliaIiS C "3 S &y * 3 5 8 n i: ! a s l ; H ?; t i iif \ 334 \ a p p re n tic e boy*. T o m u s t h a v e a local p la n tp p fo v e d by th e S la te Aj>jpntic Co'cr.c'J; otherwise, th# veteran isn 't going to s e t rejr m oney T bU p la n a tlo ^ tb i by sul tite ytslon*, I d o n 't ear* w fia they ate. ants IfiuKt by thf em pioyer--,t y a i n th e ir th ir d ? * r th e ? u n t b e reQuirsxi to *mder*<*nd th e build** codas Oise ay th e y c m ; u& det*t*ad sa fe ty In re g a rd to toed and scaffold*. No*, you have got a w oortrrful o p p o rtu n ity you o rganizations wh have apprentice committees set u p a n d h a v e a p p re n tic e hoys, to follow o u t th a s ta n d a rd s of tfcU a p p re n tic e agreem ent here. You can gjva th a t boy th e teaching from th e tim e he g o on the Job, You car tell him how to be cartful and n ot have any accident*. Jack B u m **ya a iot o i th e s e y o u n g fellow s w ill h*v* *,o yet aoir.e inform al;** from th e o ld e r relic we. L etm e te ll som e cd th e se a id e r fellow s th a t th e fellow* are being ceres m*. T h ey d id t h a t fo r 43years, a n d th e y g o t careies*. I think the only way m s t a r t c u t w ith th e a p p re n tic e boy 00 w h e n h e beco m es a jo u rn e y m a n b e win be very m u c h m o re sa fe ty m in d ed a n d so ld in h is h e a r t o n it so t h a t w hen he get o n a Job. r u n n in g a jo b . h e wUI b o re &H th e p la tfo rm a m i scaffolds In a **fe coudtU on How, th e n e a t th in g we w ere ta lk in g a b o u t w as m o re m en fo r th e S afety and Hygiene Division. I ag ree w ith th a t. We a re lucky in th e bufkH ng In d u stry , gen tlem en , to h e m en who w tii go o u t an d 11 educ& ucn a n d safety , w ho are p ractical build in g tradesmen. W hen we agreed to forego o u r rig h t to sue. we w ere very r^rcfnl to see th a t those m en cam e fro m o rg an izatio n in th e b u ild in g in d u s tr y 0 t h a t th ey knew w h a t it was all a b o u t. T h e tro u b le is to d a y --looking over y o u r lis t here -you have only seven men Jn th e b u ild in g in d u s try . A rnold Bill s a id b e c a lle d o n & Job once every 30 days. Now, fro m t h e p re m iu m s th e em ployer pay h i o n e per r e n t rocs to the Safety Hygiene D ivision. T h ey claim th e y have g o t ev er a m illio n d o llars in t h a t fu n d . I dch*t believe in ro b b in g th e fu n d eo t h a t w h en a d e p re ssio n com es a ro u n d we d o n 't have any m oney in th e re , b u t t d o believe we have &ix o r seven good yearn ahead of u*. a n d th e Safety a n d H ygiene D ivision, o r th e I n d u s tr ia l C om m las Ion, could p u t plen ty of m en In Ur field and g et them started. As Mr. K id m a n said yo&terday. he in v ite s th e people to com * a n d see him ao they can nudte suggestion*. I 6*y i t ia u p to th is se c tio n a l m e e tin g h e re to d a y --if v c don t form a p e n n a n ts ; or#<).:.:z a lio n --lo ir.ake a re c o m m e n d a tio n to th e in d u s tr ia l O nnunlsstcn th a t we this* will hold w ater, to g e t en o u g h m e n In th e field t h a t th ey ra n m ake a jo b id least every two weeks-- n o t vary 30 days. How, l was advised yesterday--It m ig h t be tru e , we will have to find o u t further-- t h a t th is o n e p er c a s t for th e C om m ission w as go in g 10 be c u t off. I th in k t h r employ a n d iah er sh o u ld m ake a p ro te st. On* per c e n t of *M.OOC,COO w ould he *140 000 a ytm? T hey a re goin g to ta k e th a t ot+e per c e n t off e n tire ly now a n d use th e m oney they b a n got In there. The law says they c a n 't naae more th a n one per cen t of the premium paid Into ibt C om pensation funds. How, 1 believe you em ployers, as well as labor. should m ake a pro test and ash th e Com m ission to c u t off only o n e-h alf of one per cent, instead of cuttfs* off th e w h o le o n e p e r c a n t, e n d g e t a little f u n d in th e re . If you are going to get seen mar* m en in th e se fields yam w ilt have to have m ore m oney. T here u r,o use waitlag u n til your zneney is all gone and, th e n , th e payroll g ets low and the money eerncs in Isa ad w* w o n 't have *y aoettey. A fter T g a t th r o u g h , if an y b o d y in th e autSicr.co h a s sn y in te re st in th is thing. I! you Ih lu k t h a t m y iilc** ure ull rig h t. I Jim g*tiii*; to a-tk y*m to n-*u- u m otlnfi to carrf th at out. Hew, you ho ard J im Fly h e r soy th a t th e m en you have arc doing a w onderful job They arc d o in g a w o n d erful Job- T h ey arc e x p erien ced b u ild in g trad esm en They knew w h at U 1* a n a b o u t. W h it h a p p e n s In some departm ents'? T hey a p p o in t lasp cclw a th a t are n e t bundle* tn u team ea. T h ey go on a job. T hey ta k e th e b lu e book o u t and see a section. They g et o u t t h e ru le . T h ey m easu re a p la n k a n d th e y say, "Y ou a r e n 't com plying w ith the code." Well, ft p m e.llrn i huiiclliu* l.rn/IiTunan d o ra u T Ivnvc tn louk t ny rails. Hr ha** good com m on sense He know by looking a t th e scaflo.d if it is going w be safe 1/ he tui&ii It is n 't go in g to be safe and h<? w an t to show th e em ployer th e violation, he gets oul the book and show# him the violation, Bo far we h a v e been fo rtu n e s in t h a t t h r m en In th e Hygiene D ivision h a v e n 't beta politically a p p o in te d . B u t let m e te ll you om etM nic: H 1* Roing th a t way now. B Is like ail d e p a rtm e n t* t h a t la b o r fo u g h t fo r I t js well. They p u t In p ra c tic a l men to run ttuw deparlm -'ot, in tp ceto ra nm i Investigate?#. It ru n s about ten or fllte*- year*, and th e n w l.u t happen-*? T h e boys aciowi th e to a d any they have gen a 33 G trum ov er h e re t h a t 1$ a i*>d D e m o c ra t o r fte p u b llc a o . H o t t*l>out It, sc*? T h e y sen d &KS ever u n d p u t h im e n th e p a y r o ll If you a re goin g t s ta n d i c t t h a t , you a re *p:ng to h**e m en co m in g o n r o u t >h to e d u cate you on safety th a t d e n t know w hat It ie all ab o u t W hen th is law was passed 23 year go. labor wn? very careful to eay t h a t th e s e m en a r o tt b e em ployed fro m d ay to d ay . Yon d o n 't hav* t a p p o in t u m for tw o year w h en you b a r e a new G overnor. If th e s e m e n d o n 't d o th e jo b , tom orrow th e y a b e fired and you d o n 't b a v e ta say a w ord a b o u t It. They d id n 't do th e ir job. W e Also repearim eaded t h a t th e G ov ern o r w a i th e o u r ne th a t co u ld a p p ro v e th e wag*m, T h e C om m ission reco m m en d s th s tr w t#ca. At th a t ittne we s ta rte d th e m o u t at ttrb a Now, they get a tittle b e u c r pay, So, 1 have come to th e conclusion th a t if you laboring people, and em ployera, also, don't w a tc h th is S afety a n d H y g ien e D ivision you will ju s t he com ing dow n h e re to a pimdh of politician*, and th a t la ail. W hen the labor m en of the S tate of Ohio gave u p the right to sue. H was for one reaso n only-- to have codes w ith specific requirem ent' to p rev en t accidenta, a n d if the em ployers d id n 't carry t,err. o u t th e y w ould be pensliid. T h e em ployer ag reed w ith ms. W u n d e rs ta n d each o th e r. noticed w han Davey was ta there they sent & few friend* over They a*id. " W hat do you know ab o u t safety T ' T h e fellow said , " X d o n 't know a n y th in g ." T h e y aid, " G e t o u t of h ere. We d o n 't need you." W hen Mr, th ic k e r whs in th e re th e y had a c o u n ty p o litic ia n t h a t h a d a f r ic a d , a n d they p u t him In there. W e m ust, le t th e Jtid u stri u.i C om m ission know w h a t wc w a n t is for the in sp ecto r* and supervisor to b e p ra c tic a l m e n , a n d if th e y d o n 't do th e job, le t th em go, l have been told lately th a t th ese fellow are going to be a b u n ch of bookkeepers. How, you k n o w ii you tell y o u r b u sin e ss ag en t. ''T om orrow you com e In a t n in e o 'c lo c k ." and w h en h e get* m th e u n io n to lls h im , "Now. y o u m a k e a re p o rt every 30 m in u te of where you go, w h a t tfcnc you are going i go to lu n c h , a n d bow m a n y m i l y o u are fO:n$r to g o /' y o u r b u sin ess a g e n t w o u ld be busy ra n k in g o u t report X hav e b een advised n o n hy th e g rap ev in e ytezn---you hear tn em ta lk in g a r o u n d h e re --t h a t th ese m en m u s t have d is tric t, th e y m u st s ta r t at eig h t o clock ace'1 W ell, they m ig h t d riv e 50 m ilt. They could In v estig ate 31 jobs. Every tim e they m ak e a m o v e th ey get a pehfiil o u t. T h ey g e t dow n a n d say. " t w ent 38 mH*.." T hey p u t O iot d o w n . T hey have to aay how m uch gas they sp en t aiuf w h st th ey did U they go o u t w ith a blonde someplace, they have to p u l th a t dow n, toc, X suppose I arc :u * t try in g to b rin g o u t, g e n tle m e n , t h a t aorasbcdjr t g e ttin g crary over th a re They are try in g to m a k e th l d e p a r tm e n t m ech an leal., Y ou k n o w y o u rse lf you c a n 't ta il a feu lines n g e m w h a t he h a s to do fro m t h e tim e he s ta r ts In th e m o rn in g u n til b e g et* bom . Ha lias to usa fa.* own Ju d g m e n t These m en are th e sam e way. You have to give th em a free hand. You have got to le t th e m gc o u t an d know w here th e 'ob a ra a n d in v estig ate th e m a n d m ake recom m endsvk;re They d o n 't have to worry ab o u t having the* regulation* th a t get lheve fellows u be bookkeeper T hey h&v >n t h a t Saw t h a t If th e y d o n 't (So th e Job they c a n re th e m to m o rro w te a m in g . 1 th in k , o f a r m we rvre cm ic rr n*t) a em ployer* a n d lab o r, w* e h e u id sk them n o t to have these m en pond half their tim e m aking out paper*, h u t allow th em to go on th e job and do a good Job. t w as o n t h a t com m it*,re t h a t decided to forego th e rig h t to nue T h a t waa fo r one purpose !<mc. It hnv n o th in g to do w uit politic*. P c in o c itt , R epublican*. Bocaet, C om m unist or a h s t n a t . i he w as a m a n v lio co u ld fill th e Job a:3 wo# a qualified building trad esm an , th a t w u hi ja So I hope, Mr. C halrm nn, th a t w can get th e delegate here today to fill o u t those cards so th a t w hen we come back here next year we can report to th e delegates the exactly truo accident* ih u t happened, and how they were caused, and how they can be prevente d . A n o th er th in g I w ould like to d o : 1 w ould like to ta k e som e a c tio n a g a i n --f o r Ifcc fifteen th tim e , I suppose--i h a v e a c o m m itte e a n d ask th e m if they ar# going tes m ake these p o ste rs. 3i th e y d o n 't le t' go dow n In o u r w o Jean a n d m ak e tfcin ouracive, T h e n e x t th in g : l e t ' Ask them , if th e y w o n't reco n sid er th e ir a c tio n o f ta k in g on per c e n t oil e n tire ly Det'e ask th e m to ta k e off o n e -h a lf p er c e n t a n d sec Sf we c a n 't go at It gradually, because thing* change rapidly. Mr. C hairm an and tMegnic burc today : X w ould Ilka to ace you form w h at you wbuXd call a p e rm a n e n t tat o rg a n iz a tio n w here v e could m eet tw ice year N ow we 336 me&t one & year. Say. wa could m eet on a S atu rd ay o r S unday, s e t aw ay a n d spend & w bole d a y o n th in g s we have on o u r m in d s to m ake & safer plaoe to work o n th e Job. Wo eouM have a p erm anent organinaticn. Y ou know som e year ago they sta rte d brin g in g in different laws th ey were going to recom m end over in th e lRglslature. I wa a little opposed to th a t, because w h a t we were going to deal w ith was safety only. I believe, H r. C hairm an, we could d o a w onderful lob, because we could m e e t twice a year, or m aybe th re e tim e a year. T h en , we could go over to th e in d u s tria l CommLsalas and ay as a sta te organisation of building employers and laborers we were recommending certain changes we th o u g h t were necessary to prevent accidents In th e b u n d in g industry. Mr. Chairm an, I d idn't think 1 was going to talk so long, b u t I like to explain the things about th e health code, and how hard we have worked to get these codes. I w a n t to te ll you som ething--th is U th e la s t word I am going to te ll you--I told you a co u p le o f years ago you would never have h ad a safety congress in th e S ta te of Ohio, y o u w ould never h av e had a safety code in th e b u ild in g in d u stry , if i t h a d n 't been for th e building trades of th e State of Ohio, W h a t b ro u g h t th a t about was th is: For five years we dem anded th a t th ey pass a code. T h e em ployers said, "We w!U agree if you ta k e away th e rig h t to sue. W h at la going to h a p p e n is, as soon as we have a code--and 1 agreed w ith them ; 1 couldn't help i t --"A sh y ster layw er will say, 4Well, here its section M. Jo h n Jon.ee, you g o t hurt* M i "H e will say, -You m u st get $100,000.* " T h e w orkm an w ould Bay, `How m u ch do I get o u t oi itt* "Y o u g et $50,<HM) o u t of it.* " 'W ell, go ahead.* * W e fo u n d o u t th e percentage was very sm all oi th e m en who sued th a t got very m u ch . I n s te a d o f g ettin g $5/W0 for a d eath , th ey g o t $800. M r. A rnold Hill, D ivision of Safety a n d Hygiene, C olum bus, O hio: Only 12 p er cent cf th o se th a t sued ever received any damages. Mr, J o c te l: T h a t 1 why we changed o u r m inds. G entlem en of th e b u ild in g tra d of th e S ta te o f Ohio, th ro u g h enforcing o u r code we took aw ay th e rig h t t o sue. We started th e departm ent. The employers were very favorable to go along w ith us. I h a te to blow o u r own horn In th e building trades, b u t th a t is th e tru th . M r, Homer Pavia, Treasurer, Cleveland Construction Company, Cleveland, Ohio: Mr. C h airm an . A t o u r la s t m eetin g here In 1944. A pril 19, we passed a m o tio n req u estin g the D iv isio n o f S a fe ty a n d Hygiene to m ake a dig est o f th is B u lle tin 202. Z ta lk e d w ith Mr. Morrow yesterday regarding th a t. He said, "W ell. I have made up m y various Charts. I have subm itted th em to th e Commission. B u t in view of the fa c t t h a t we h av e a b o u t 27 o th er code rela tin g to o th e r in d u strie s in th e m ate, they th o u g h t it m ight be a bad practice and aet a precedent if they established an d put out th is detailed digest." T h e B uilders Exchange in Cleveland, w hen th is code first canoe o u t. p u t o u t Just a b o u t a doaen pages h ittin g th e high spots w hich w ould relate o rd in ary to scaffolds, ladders, an d so fo rth , w hich would he very helpful to the carpenters and th e bricklayers. I t to ld th em th e kind of scaffold. and th e construction of It. th a t would be required and permissible. H ow , 1 view o f t h a t circum stance, I to ld Mr. Morrow. ' `W ell, if you w ill afford Mr. Jo ck el a n d I -- ** He doesn't know a b o u t th is, b u t I am going to te ll h im a b o u t It-- "w h o h a p p e n to be o n th is com m ittee assigned fo r th is m o rn in g 's s e t u p here, your charts, I believe th a t through our own divisions, the Builders Exchange, general contrac tors a n d th e various labor organisations, we will have those digests m ade an d w ell sm t h a t every fo rem an a n d sub-forem an a n d m o st of th e m echanic* srq fu rn ish e d w ith copies of those digests." T h ey c o st u s a b o u t 10 cents apiece p rin te d , w e'll say. In te n th o u sa n d lots. I think It will be te n cents well spent. J o h n , If you w a n t to th in k th a t over a n d talk 11 over w ith th e boys. I will assure you on behalf o f the employers some way or other we'll ride along w ith you. because X th in k It Is & m ighty nice jesture. How, th ere is one other thing I would like to bring before th is body. Xf y o u boys recall, a b o u t six years ago w hen we were try in g to revive th e construction In d u stry we had an Influx of Jerry-builders. You have got th em today. A t t h a t tim e I m ade u p a list, taken d irectly from th e p erm its dow n a t th e City BsE an d fro m th e v arious tow n hells a ro u n d th ro u g h C uyahoga C ounty, o f a little over 5,000 nsmoB o f m en o r concerns who professed to be, o r a t least sty led them selves u 337 contraotore. I sent th a t list dow n here to th e Industrial Commission. to Tom Oregory, then chairm an . He h a d U checked, a n d w e h a d on ly 1900 ojf those contractors who w ore paying: an y co n trib u tio n In to th e In d u s tr ia l fu n d . I sen t th e sam e list a t th a t Um* to your chairm an of the Unemployment Com pen sation, an d th ey found only 1300 of over 5,000 nam es, w ho were paying In to th e U nem ployment Fim d. I sent th e same list to th e Collector of In tern al Kevemte In the Cuyahoga County district, t never even got a reply. I d o n 't know w hat checking he did to And out how many of these fellows were paying Old Age Pension Insurance. Fallow, t h a t la th e s itu a tio n of th e se Jerry-builders w h o carry their books in th e ir vest pockets- T hey d o n 't m ak e a re p o rt to th e In d u stria l com m ission. They d o n 't m ak e a report to th e Old Age Pension o r to th e U nem ploym ent Bureau. We naturally feel that Is u n fa ir to you a n d to u s. I n th e firs t place, th e y e ra o u r com p etito rs. We do feel th a t an extraordinary effort should be m ade by th e In d u stria l Com m ission over here to revive and stim ulate an d further the Investigations by your payroll com pliance departm ent, which has been p ra c tically p u t o n th e sh elf fo r th e la s t th re e years. t would offer a resolution th a t th is body by motion request the Industrial Commission to revive a n d re-m&n th e ir C om pliance D ep artm en t, Payroll, Compliance D e p artm en t, 3 believe It Is called, a n d carry o n fu ll in v estigations, Mr, Jo h n P. H u m , B usiness M anager. Cleveland B uilding and C onstruction T rades Council, Cleveland, O hio; S econd th e m o tio n . C hairm an Pexrse: Y ou have h eard th e m otion, gentlem en. Are them any rem arks* Ail in favor soy aye. C ontrary, no. The motion is carried, gentlem en. Mr, Jam es A. S heehan, C a rp e n te rs' Local 1108, Cleveland, Ohio: l a regard to Mr. Jockei's rem arks: I m ay s ta te t h a t th e D istric t C ouncil of Cleveland, th e C arpenters' D is trict Council, h as had th is In effect fo r a n u m b er of years. In fact, we use It in dup licate, a a m an Is in ju re d on th e job. a n a c c id e n t rep o rt Is m ade up and se n t down to th e Carpenters' D istrict C ouncil, a n d a n o th e r one la tu rn e d over to the employer. In t h a t way we keep track of a n y a c cid en ts on th e Job, Chairman Pearsei T h a t is a very good idea. Now, think that you business agents particularly hank! be very careful of these Jerry-buildera and n o t send your m en o u t -until you find o u t if they have got insurance coverage. Y ou are only p ro te c tin g y o u r o w n group. 1 th in k th a t is very im p o rtan t to d ay when they are springing up all over. Mr. Kiefm an told you yesterday there are 200 in Cleveland th a t h e know s of In th e le s t few weeks. How, I am going to tak e th e b u ll b y th e horns, w ith your perm ission, an d a p p o in t a committee of Mr. 'Walter, C hairm an, an d Homer Davis, Vice-Chairman, to get th ese posters through for u s th a t we have been ta lk in g about. We have fiddled around w ith t h a t long enough. Now. le t's g e t a little actio n . Mr. W aller is rig h t here In C olum bus, an d Homer is dow n here often. I th in k th e y can do som ething. Are there any objection to th a t? Well, t n a t i* in effect, th e n . Another th in g I am going to d o : I am going to appoint Mr. Jacket here as chairm an, and I am going to a p p o in t F red K lefxnan aa vice ch airm an, of a com m ittee to see iff we cannot get m ore m anpower In th e Ind u strial Commission, both for the Compliance De partm ent a n d for th e in sp ectio n , i t la u p to th em to draw u p a resolution an d e e c d tt from th is body and follow i t th ro u g h and report back to us a t our next m eeting. Are th ere any objections to th a t? All rig h t, gentlem en, we are going to do t h a t . We are going to try to g e t th is th in g through. I f we d o n 't ta k e c e rta in actio n , we will never get anywhere. We can tr y i t this way. We talked a b o u t i t an d wo g o t nowhere, Mr. Sam N eu m an n , B ricklayer* Local Tin Ion No. S. Cleveland. O hio: I w ould tik e to aay a word relative to th e rem ark s t h a t were m ade yesterday by Mr, K lafm an an d d w e lt upon by you Just a m om ent ago. You said th a t th e business agent should check -up a let of these jobs. W dl. I believe t h a t m o st of th e m do th a t. As far as o u r organization is concerned, we d o n 't p e rm it any of o u r m en to w ork fo r co ntracto rs th a t a re n 't covered by th e Industrial Commission Insurance. W e m ake It our businew to find o u t w hether these contractors th a t our m en work for are covered by the Induatrial Commission Insurance- \ 338 U has been going on for a good m any years, as fa r as we ore concerned. If we find aaj em p lo y er t h a t d o e s n 't c a rry c o m p e n sa tio n , th e m e n a re n o t p e rm itte d by law, in the first placo, to go to work fo r a n o u tfit of th a t type. Referring to th e jerry-builders: M r. Davis in hia rem arks m ade a statem en t timi 1 w ould like to ask him a question about. W hen y o u m a d e th e s ta t e m e n t t h a t t h e g e n e ra l c o n tra c to rs w ere charg ed w ith bo manj m a n h o u rs --I fo rg o t th e e x a c t n u m b e r--did t h a t in c lu d e th e h o m e b uilders, o r ju s t tix general contractor? Mr, D avis; 501 ta th e g e n e ra l c o n tra c to r. 5040 is th e class tilcati on fo r maid ecu! building. Mr. N aum ann: Ton d id n 't tak e th a t in to account? Mr. D avis: T h a t is m e n tio n e d se p a ra te ly . T h e re Is ju s t one m a tte r I would Ulte to c la rify o n th is : A ccording to o u r p re s e n t s ta te law . b o th on th e u n em p lo y m en t and oa w o rk m e n 's co m p en sation, I t la specific a n d m a n d a to ry t h a t if you h av e th re e o r more re g u la r em ployees th e y m u s t b e in s u re d th r o u g h t h e In d u s tria l C om m ission. I t is not o p tio n a l. Y ou c a n 't buy i t a n y p lace else. Y o u m u s t in su re th ro u g h th e In d u s tria l Com m ission. However, you fellow s p ro b a b ly k n o w th is : T h e se je rry -b u ild e rs have g ot ft broth a n d a so n , o r m a y b e a f a th e r a n d a e o n w o rk in g to g e th e r. Two or th re e o f th o se felloe w ill work, and th e y w ill h ire o n e or tw o b ricklayers, an d one or two carp enters, Inter m itten tly B u t they d o n 't have th re e rfcfrular em ployers Now, t h e re s u lt is--su p p o se th e y o n ly h ir e tw o bricklayers. T h ey h a v e n 't g o t Insuianco. T h e y h a v e n 't c o m m itte d o n u n la w f u l a c t. b u t t h e brick lay ers t h a t a re w orking re w ithout th a t protection . T h e law does p e rm it a n em p lo y er w ith leas th a n th re e em ployees to b e covered volun tarily . X am tnatetliLg o n th is in m y o rg a n iz a tio n . I d o n 't give a d a m if a sub-contractor com es to m e w ith o n ly o n e m a n . t h a t m a n h a s to sh o w m e ft certific ate of insurance up to d a te fro m th e In d u s tria l C o m m issio n b efore 1 l e t h is o n e m a n work, o n th e job. Mx. N&umann: We have th a t p a rtic u la r clause In o u r rules. We don't care if & nun only em ploys one m an, h e is n o t p e r m itte d to go to w ork u n le ss h e 1b p ro tected . We try to fo llo w th ro u g h o n t h a t . B u t th o r* a rc so m a n y holes b ein g d u g and so m an y b u ild ero th a t It la h a rd fo r a n y o n e to keep u p w ith it. m u ch less y our inspectors th a t arc In the field. We who are in th e localllty c a n 't keep up w ith it Every five m in u te th e re la a n ew b u ild e r. T h e y are ju s t a b o u t as fre q u e n t as your a c c id e n t ra te . I t le a h a rd m a tte r to o v erco m e u n d e r p re se n t circ u m sta n c es, b u t by tte cooperation of everyone concerned It can be overcome. 1 w o u ld also lik e to re fe r fo r a m o m e n t to th e s ta te m e n t th a t Mr- Jo ek ei m a d e relative to t h e re g io n a l offices t h a t w ere e s ta b lis h e d fo r t h e re p o rtin g o f th e se m en In their v icin itie s a t 8:00 o'clock In th e m o rn in g . I also h e a rd t h a t som e tim e ago. I d o n 't know w h eth er It Is In effect y et or not, If It la. it appears to m e th a t the Is a s tre a m lin in g effect g o in g o n w ith in tills d iv isio n t h a t Is n o t a n efficient one. It I* ; b eco m in g costly, f t m e a n s t h e e s ta b lis h m e n t of m e n in those office, a n d i t tak es tijee away from th e m en in the field. 1 also th in k , as Jack does, t h a t th cro Is a tendency for th is d e p a rtm e n t to become political grab bag. I th in k th a t we. em ployers, th e contractors, and the oigonizaitom. should d o ev ery th in g w ith in o u r pow er to h o ld th a t In ta c t as It Is. ta p ro h ib it anything o f t h a t k in d to h a p p e n We d o n 't w a n t to be a p o litic a l su b -d iv isio n C hairm an Pcarse : T h at's right.. M r. N aum axm : We w a n t to ca rry o n as we have In th e p ast. T h ere 1& only o re way t h a t we a re going io do it, a n d t h a t is to in s is t on i t th ro u g h th e se se c tio n a l meeting! th a t we are having, or th is yearly m eeting. \ I believe t h a t we should ta k e a c tio n , as we have h ere on several occasions, by motion, ; \ o r th ro u g h th ese various c o m m itte e s, to In s is t to th e com m ission t h a t th a t Is w hat thla c o n s tru c tio n d ivision w ants. Wa w a n t a clear c u t case, as before w ith o u t any politicai in te re fe re n c e in, an y sense of th e w ord. I n t h a t way I believe th a t wc c a n got so mew ten an d stay w hore we belong, or stay w here we have alw ays been M r. Max K oblentx, C arpenters* D is tric t C olinoti, C leveland. O hio: You know, Mr. Jo c k e l's re p o rt, o r M r. D avis' r e p o r t: A ra th e y p eak in g a b o u t e n fo rc in g th e law, or p u tt i n g u p p osters, o r so m e th in g lik e t h a t ? I w ould q u e stio n w h e th e r i t la possible to e n fo rc e th e law . H ow w ould yo u e n fo rc e t h e law ? Y ou t n a c o n tra c to r t h a t h e will t* tat 339 penalized six m o n th s a lte r an accident or three m onths n iter an accident, and a t th e stm e tim e you have accidents on his Jobs. I w ould sug g est If & S afety a n d H ygiene in sp ecto r com es o n th e Job today a n d sees any violation and he tells th e forem an or superintendent, or so an d so, th a t th is should be co rrected, th e n e x t d a y th e S afety a n d H ygiene inspector sh o u ld be on th e sam e Job to see t h a t t h a t Is d o n e . I f i t Isn 't d o n e , c a ll a policem an. Y ou sh o u ld see how th e y a re all afraid of a vest b u tto n , a n d especially a amaU con tracto r. They will correct th e ir violation. A t th e sam e tim e , t h e S a fe ty a n d H y g ien e In sp e c to r w o u ld n 't have to b e 30 d ay s an th e job. He would huve to be tw o m o n th s o n th e Job He would know th a t th is thing Was corrected. T h e sa m e a s reg ard s a p e r m it I f th e re to no p e rm it o n th e jo b . th e Job to s to p p e d . On som e Jobs w here they figure a Job, th e contractor, or th e su p erin ten d en t, o r the general fo re m a n , th e y w a n t to c o n tr a c t th e Job for so m u c h Jess. T h e re is a l i t t l e t h i n g , a railing o r a cover on air ducts, or som ething like th a t, th a t they pass by. If som a carpenter, o r som ebody, trie to cover th e s e t h e s u p e rin te n d e n t w ill say. `O h. w h a t a te you d o in g ? Leave th a t go.** All th e taw s could b e e n fo rc e d if i t to possible t o g e t th e in sp e c to rs o f S a fe ty a n d Hygiene to g e t in to u ch w ith any city police. J m t th e sam e as if they h a v e n 't g o t a perm it. If it is n 't e n fo rc e d o r c o rre c ted th e n e x t day, s to p th e job. T hey are alw ay s afraid of a vest button. D o n 't th in k for & m o m en t th a t th e stew ard could do It. Some timen th e stew ard can't d o it. W hen th e Safety and Hygiene Inspector comes on th e Job, and he knows th e con* tractor vary well, he can ta lk to th e co n tracto r more th a n the stew ard can talk to him . He c a n say , '"Hello, Jim m y ," a n d th e y go o u t ta t h e c o rn e r a n d th e y ta lk to g e th e r . T h e S a fe ty a n d H ygiene in s p e c to r m e a n s w ell, b u t h e com es 30 days la te r. H e o u g h t to com e th e n e x t day. a n d if i t ton 't c o rre c ted , call th e p o k es a n d sto p th e Job. T h a t 's the only th in g to do. T h e n he w on't have to come every 30 days. Every two m o n th * wilt be all r ig h t. T h e n , th e c o n tra c to rs -will know fro m e ach o th e r t h a t h is Job w as sto p p e d because of th at, C h airm an Pearsc: T h ere arc a lo t of th in g s we can do as we go along, r am going to appoint one m ore com m ittee w ith your perm ission. I am going to ask Mr. N & um nnn a n d M r. S to c k in g to be a co m m ittee, Mr N eu m an n c h a irm a n , a n d go over to the In d u stria l C om m ission nnd try to get th a t very th in g you were talking a b o u t of making a political organization straig h ten ed out, See w hat you fellow can do from th e employers an d from th e laborers' sta n d p o in t. There you are, gentlem en. If there are no objections, th a t is my th ird com m ittee, Mr, A. R, T a u b m a n , D ivision of S a fe ty a n d H ygiene, C leveland, O hio: Mr. C h a irm a n : t am n o t going to say any th in g . I am Ju st going to tell you th a t I am going to give the boys w h o o n ly g e t in h e re once ft y ear a chanco to expresa th e ir views. STATEM ENT O f MR. RICHARD V. JACOBY M arietta Concrete Corporation, M arietta* Ohio I a m R ic h a rd Jaco b y fro m th e M a rie tta C oncrete C orporation. T h is to m y firs t y e a r. I have been listening and trying to leara som ething. This m eeting th is m orning has certainly been an inspiring: one. We a r e n 't in th e b u ild in g c o n tra c tin g b u sin ess. We try to avoid c o n tra c ts a s m u c h as pos&lbifi. M ost o r o u r b u sin e ss is co n cern ed w ith jo b b in g m a te ria l. B u t in o r d e r t o get a n y th in g d o n e , we find t h a t o c casio n ally we h av e to b ra n c h o u t an d d o a little con* m eting on our own. We have had a few in d u strial coses th a t have been headache to us. and we have teamed a lot, and we have had a few penalties. T h a t happen* every one m a w hile. We fin d t h a t o u r m e n , so m e Of th e m , arc careless. We h a v e w h a t w e call a silo e re c tion crew t h a t rosw o u t on t h e ro ad to e re c t silos. T h ey m ig h t be called in d e p e n d e n t contractors on th e ir ow n. Y et we carry th e m on o u r payroll as employee# of th e c o m pany. We fin d t h a t o u r b ig g e st p ro b lem w ith th e m to scaffold w ork, th e u se of th e ir scaffold*. V?e could fu r n is h th e m w ith t h r b<"t scaffnlil.. I th in k , t h a t anyone could fu m to H th e m with* a n d If we d i d n 't follow th e m a ro u n d th e y w o u ld n 't u se it. T h ey will figure, w ell. 343 m . Sullivan: TU*t'g right. They belong to each ox th e Individual contractor here tn e nimbus Chairman Pears; I would say th a t contractor has to carry tccurance on them. Mr, Sullivan: I w ant to carry it basic to them next summer. Chairman Pearse; T would say you are covered by th e contractor's Insurance. We have ypieullcttt and we always cover them the soma as other men. Mr. Sullivan: T h at is my opinion, b u t Mr. K night of th e School Board w ouldn't com mit himself, end neither would any of th e contractors who were there. I th o u g h t I eould bring Hint question here My In terp retatio n is th a t they htk actually covered, Decauae they are 11)1 tu hi* em ploym ent. Mr. Milan Stocking, Executive Secetr>\ Cleveland C hapter p a in tin g a n d Decorators { toitncft. Cleveland. Ohio; Well, Mr. C hairm an, the apprentice program Is practically uniform throughout the state. The em ployer pays th at boy. lie pays h im while he Is on r.ls own payroll- He par* him while he goes to school. He should pay him at least. T here!*. he Is in th e eo atracto r`6 employ, ar.d jtt should be * violation if th* contractor fUed to re tu rn his payroll along w ith th a t of th e other. He Is absolutely covered. Mr. Has* t . Johition, H unxin-C oukey C onstruction Company. Clo\eland. O hio' 1 have cnc suggestion.. You were talk in g ab o u t these placards and folders. My suggestion.* Is lbis. th a t we try to o btain some a ctu al p hotograph pictures to p u t on these placard w ith reference a t th e bottom to th e section in B ulletin 2b?.. Have n o th in g else on there. These placards we are g ettin g aow arts lifeless, and they should be livened up by kuuc action pictures, if possible And th e n p u t a specific reference to B ulletin 202. ao that it will a t least a ttra c t a tte n tio n to th e specifications In th a t bulletin. Chairman Peafse: Well, th a t m ig h t be a good idea. 1 will Just add you to th a t committee Mr. R. c. Schwa rzer; T m ig h t say t h a t I believe th a t these pictures of accidents will be tokon on the Job. because o u r division h as (published a visual education program having to do w ith photography. 1 believe we will be having those kin d of posters o n the Job os apou m these boys get com pletely organized. Mr. S. T. Godfrey, Division of Safety an d Hygiene, Columbus, O hio: Mr. C hairm an. I do went to m ake a few rem arks tn referimco to w hat has already been said th is m orning end the committees th a t have already been, appointed. You h are tbla m orning appointed various committees. Now, as a n employee of th Division of Safety and Hygiene, l hope and tr u s t th a t those com m ittees will function, will get ou t and do th e Job w hich they have been assigned to do and n o t go back hom e arid forget abo u t H. I know some of you will. I hop all of you will, because th a t is the thing th a t is going to get u s results. I am talking now from within. I happen to know something about the eonduioaa and circumstances m which we work I th in k every m an in the construction section is doing a Care good Job w ith w hat be has to dn u . I th in k our codes, our specific regulations could be greatly Improved, could bo m ade m ore definite, either say yea or no. I'm n o t a a h th a t t u t s to go around th e stu m p and p u t in an exception over here It Is either right or wrong And when we get down to th a t old black and white aiufi, w are going to be able to do omcDiing. I hope the employers and th labor representatives th a t are hero In this ecUoual meeting will bring pressure to bear upon th e In d u strial Commission o Ohio to m ake our division more elective in accident prevention. There are * lo t of thing* X rouid gay th a t tn my opinion would Improve the work, of the field men Xth in k you have m ade a great move here th is m orning in appointing those ootm uinm to study and bring out the weak points and make them stronger, so we can so ou t end do som ething to save life and nrob of th e working men of th e S tate of Ohio, I would hke to make a few rem arks off th e iecord. please. iDUcUMfcm off th e record.) Mr. Arnold Bill, Division of Safety and Hygiene. Columbus. Ohio; Arnold Bill, Safety Represent*tiie tn the Dnistott of Safety and Hygiene on Building and Construction Operations. There are h lot of thing t h a t 1 would like U> aay here. I w ant to s&y a few things here to you m en th is m orning, b u t I would like to ay them off the reeojd. (Discussion off th e record.) Mr. Charles H, W alker, C o rp eattra Local 1128. Toledo, Ohio; I ju s t w anted to any on th is B ulletin 202 th a t w hen it was received we got a few copies of It la Toledo 344 a n d we to o k u p th e sections t h a t w e w ere v ita lly in terested in an d re a d th em oft m tot meetings* in open m eeting, section for section an d b ad dfscussione on them . Also o n those safety card s: We have th e m m ade o u t in trip licate form , One it fu rn ish e d th e co n tracto r, on e th e em ployee, a n d c u e th e S tate, bo th a t th e y have 3 got a copy of it signed a t th e tim e of th e accident* We have a very live safety eeam lttee th a t works all th e tim e, a n d th e y follow all of th ese up* I th in k th a t Is a m atte of record over there at the Commission. Mr. Fred H. W atson, S afety an d Hygiene D ivision, Toledo. Ohio: Oft th e record. (Discussion oil the record.) C h airm an F earte: I f you fellows th a t a re h e re w ill go back an d tell your union Mi y o u r employees, a m i y o u r asso ciatio n w h a t you h av e learn ed here th is year. If you hart learned som eth in g , I th in k I t w ill h e lp in ooms w ay. I f we save Ju st one or two Urea we are doing som ething. I th in k i t is w orthw hile. God know s no n e of u s w a n t to cet a m an hurt. M r. Jo h n W. Jock el, S ecretary an d T reasu rer, Ohio S tate Conference Bricklayers and M asons a n d P lasterers In te rn a tio n a l U nion, Cleveland, O hio: I Ju st w an t to clear up * few things. Y ou ap p o in ted th re e com m ittees. X w ould like to m ake a suggestion t h a t these three co m m ittees go to an d eee th e In d u s tria l C om m ission all a t th e sam e tim e. We are til in te re ste d in th e sam e th in g . We are g o ing to g e t knocked a ro u n d if we go one a t a tin*. I have been over there so often, and X know fu st how they handle you. You appointed a com m ittee to go to th e In d u strial Commission to give these m a police power. T h e Safety an d Hygiene h a s n o police pow er. They are w h at you call edu cators. If you go over there, th e y w ill te ll you th e y will have to change th e law. The polloe pow er zests In th e D ep artm en t o f In d u s tria l R elations. Now, th ey have police power. A fellow goes o u t an d th e re is a v io latio n , h e m u s t call u p th e Chief, a n d th e Cktel says so a n d so, and It Is too late. Police pow er belongs to th e D epartm ent of Industrial R elatio n s. So I w ould like to suggest. Mr. C h a irm a n , t h a t th ese th ree com m ittees g et together and go over at the same time. T here Is one th in g th a t Is se ttle d for good. I have been working on it for a long time I sailed o n Mr. Morrow, Mr. S ain, a n d th e In d u s tria l Com m ission Individually, b u t then Was n o th in g done a b o u t t h a t digest of th e code. M r. Davis, told you th a t be saw Mr. Her* to w an d he h a s th e m aterial th e re . I looked i t over a n d h e asked m s to approve lt> 2th nil rig h t. So we have come to th e co n clu sio n now, gen tlem en . If you w an t th is miniature code we as lab o r a n d em ployers m u s t b u y It ourselves. We are Ju st a voluntary organisa tio n . We c a n 't do a n y th in g com pulsory. B u t aa f a r as I am concerned, if the employes* of Cleveland will get a m in iatu re code o u t th a t w ill affect im p o rtan t trades, an d give that to th e ir superin ten d en t , forem en, w h ich th e y agreed to do--th ey did th a t some ym t ago--I w ould like to Bek th e co m m ittee h ere to d ay of th e laboring m en to go book io th e ir o rg an isatio n s an d ask th e ir o rg a n isa tio n s to b u y some. I am going on record todr t h a t we will buy 500 in th e b rick lay er^ a n d I w ill recom m end i t to o u r convention, Wt w ill m aybe ta k e 1.000. T h a t will be $100 a t te n c en ts apiece. I th in k we can take can of 1,000. Now, how m any of you fellows are w illing here to d ay to go back to your organ bz&tlcft* and recommend th a t we take these codes? {A n u m b er of th e representative of u n io n s in d icated th e ir w illingness to go aim w ith th e proposal). Mr. M ilan Stocking, Executive S ecretary, C leveland C h ap ter P ain tin g an d Decorating C ontractors of America, Cleveland, Ohio: Mr. C hairm an: F irst a question. Mr. Jookel baa spoken o n erne q u estio n I h a d in m in d . Also, Mr. Jockel recommend: or a t le a st th rew o u t th e suggestion of fo rm in g a special organisation th a t would meri o fte n e r an d be more effective In Safety w ork. I w o u ld n 't like to sea th is m eeting ad journed w ithout giving th a t question some consideration. I n respect to th e m in ia tu re safety code: I a m n o t satisfied th a t we are g ettin g any w here upicKft we go f a rth e r th a n we h av e gone rig h t now . Somebody h as said, "Wed w e will ta k e h old o f I t voluntarily.*' W e should, h ave som ething m ore th a n th a t. Wt sh o u ld have som ebody t h a t la actu ally ta k in g th e responsibility and tak in g th e necesauy steps, because U should bo gotten o u t quickly. Now. X am n o t Battened, cith er, t h a t th e answ er of Mr. Morrow Is th e Anal axunrer We are facing th e biggest bu ild in g boom t h a t we have ever seen, w hich m esh an lnflai of m any new workers, m any new c o n tracto rs, a n d m any of th em will n o t have the skill or 345 he experience th a t tbo old e s ta b lis h ^ groups hav# had. I think th a t the InduBtrial Commission should be Interested la some specie! measures, end I think they ere Justified. Xf this m in iatu re code u im p o rtan t, even If It does set a precedent for m any o th e rs why shouldn't they also have ooples of th e code? Everyone in theoretically entitled to & full copy of B ulletin 202. They ru n out of them temporarily, perhaps, but it Is going to cost m u ch m ore to p rin t th a t B ulletin 202 th a n to p rint a large num ber of condensed. Tusiont. For th e painters, 1 win any th a t we have had for three or four years a ccndonsaUcn which we are using and have used, 60, w are taken car of so fa r as th e p&intem are concerned or th e Slate. I t is on excellent thing. It should have wide distribution. If it means anything a t all, we should got them Into the hands of people and have them bandy and have them carry them around in their pockets, and us* them. It keeps the contractor out of trouble, and it will certainly help the worker, because If he knows something about the rules, he is going to be more careful, too. Chairman Pearse: T hank you, Milan. I think our committee can work on some of your ideas when they go over th a t. You three chairm an get together and fix: i t up. Mr. T, Z . Waller, Secretary and Business Representative, Carpenter' Local U nion No. 200, Columbus, Ohio; Mr. C hairm an, are you about ready to close? X th in k our chairm an has done a w onderful Job. 1 th in k we should give him a big hand. (A p p lau se.)' (Thereon the meeting adjourned.) \ \ FOUNDRIES SECTION Wednesday Morning Session, April 17, 1945 TM b Ion of th e F c u u d ries B e e tle s of th e All O h io S afety C ong re* w<w? cabas %0 o rd e r a t n ln * tb ltty o'clock by Mr. AHark C leaver, N ew ark 8tovt; c o m p a n y . Nvwafi, OUlo, Cbidfi&Aa. C H ^trm an C leaver: Good m o rn in g , ladle a n d gc&lleixxm. H u g ra tify in g to mu to a c t as y<H*f C h a irm a n fo r th e fixet p o st-w a r Foundrltm B ection maeu* Of o u r All Oslt Safety Ooagroaa I w ould nice to a t th is tu n e a p p o in t a nom lRftU ng o etn m lttee w ho will omijto y o u r afftoen fo r 1647 I w ould Ilka to n o m in a te M r. H. L Folion* cf th e O h io Bra* Ctosap a n y to serve as C h a irm a n o f th e C fim n ltu v e: Mr. C, K . T e irrii of th e Coupe r - B 2r C o r p o r a tio n : Mr J o h n Lacey cf th e C om m erce Stee: C a ttin g * C om pany T h e y wtH repun t b r i f fin d in g s a t th e fend o f tb to m eetin g . f a th e pt, specially in o u r l a s t m ee tin g , we b a r b ad eKaeUent talk * on dUeeali Today we era going to talk about and discuss one m ethod of reducing th is htsard. n F ltm h iittn g th is h award. by fo u n d ry v en tilatio n . O ur Ar*t sp eak er, M r J o h n M K ane, w ho to C h ief E ngineer of th e D uet Coatrei tH vision of th e A m erican Air F ilte r C o rp o ratio n h as m o at re c e n tly w ritte n rver&; *wei a r t : cl ft* in F o u n d ry M agazine. I am s u re m o s t of you hav** rend th em w>. w itn o m tattrg *uay m o re tim e fro m o u r m ee tin g . I w ould like t c in tro d u c e a t th is tu n e J o h n M Kaa* C h ie f E n g in e e r of t h e D u st C o n tro l D im lo n , A m erican Air F a tor C o rp o ra tio n Mr. Raf. FOUNDRY VENTILATION ( ILLUSTRATED> Mr. obn M. K ane, C hief E ngineer, D ust Control D ivision, A m erican A ir F ilter Com pany, Louisville* K entucky Mr. K ane: G entlem en Lfet wk i was a t th e G re a te r N ew Y ork S a fe ty M eeting, an aARMnfcly about U* earn else a n d m a g n itu d e as th is g ro u p . T ile eJtalttr.;; c f th e m e e tin g was a chip w hom I knew very well, and w ith his b ru tal frankness he warned th e audlertce ahead d tim e t h a t 1 h ad cons ideeAble of a re p u ta tio n Dot fo r m y sp eak in g a b ility , b u t m y nulls denm iid fo r m y co llectio n c f I& ttem slide*. So c o n se q u e n tly ! nm going: to be vary, very brief w ith my remark*. * h o p e to o m a n y of you h a v e n 't read w h a t I have recen tly been ta lk in g ab o u t la F o u n d ry x & g aH ae I t you have, w hy. it is going to be old u? i: of you. F o u n d r y v e n t i l a t i o n tc a v e n t tin t son c n g l iio e r te rmi: i*t u rn n.n* e I n ic i cM m y of Ui? v& rlout d u s ty in d u strie s, * hleh en co m p ass p ractic a lly all type- of p ro d u c tio n . No l*t fo u n d rie s t r t alike. Y our p ro b lem s zro com pU catcd b y m> d a rn e d m an y d iffe re n t ang> t h a t all wo can do in a dlacuw -icn of Gun ty p e to >uM t.igM lgiU th e th in g s th a t yaw p -o h a b ty w ill be m o re In terested in . a n d th e th in g * w here th e prubir*ta a: ft *omusi in co m m o n b etw een if sm all fo u ndy a n d th e l&rge m ech an ical fo u n d ry ; betw een y&xt n cn * ferfo u ft, your ferrous, w h e th e r It la gray iron m altaabl o r steal. We b*ve alw ays h a a rd --and th e re Is & general m prevsion--t h e t fo u n d rie s am a dhrty d u * t f unt*ati*f.rtdry p laca to w ork F rom my o ^ e rv w tla n of dn**iy ludnM ***** - which Itoa b e e n going iiu tor tju lto orao lim e, n o w --J th in k I ceut ay vliat In to r fo u n tlty mduU7 1 h av e te e n m ore program* vn c le a n in g u p d u s ty condstlon wHhlri th e l**i five >cin th a n an y o th e r in d u s try w ith co m p arab le d u s t cor, dittoed has m#<!h th a t t know of. &? d o n 't let people ay to o m u oh a g a in s t y o u r e forte T h e te la a lo t o f a tuff s till to be dea. foul Uj g e n e ra l m e th o d of a tta c k of t h e fo u n d ry m en hft*t been th e ty p e t h a t is gels* to ta k e care of th e d u e t pro b lem s t h a t are still giving us consl.b rtvblc trem ble a n d *#$ IndtoatrU t hygi<:<toU ro n sid c ra b ic ncaduche 54C In m y la n te rn slides X a m go in s to a ta r i o u t a n (2 Just roughly review certain pUa * . Tfcarts is n o need oi my telling you how to co n tro l d u c t from g rit blast room. H ft s tUoftarcl&ed th in g . Y en have been d a ie g it for year I t is a n excellent way th a t you 4b it. So, I th in k now we will ju s t d a rk e n th e room slightly, move Oms screen hole plaet x&d we will get In to tbe m e a t of tin* <llseUM&a. (Slide) in m e C ontrol of any d u s t in m d u ttry , w hether it u a foundry ct so y ether plant, there U one iundcm ehtaJ th a t you have heard repeated Uma in and tim e out, and yet it c a n t b* overem phasised- m i l la th e only way you are going to p rev en t any mteorlbl th a t the Industrial hyg ien k t like w ta ll a " c o n u m ln s n i' from getting in to an ttciasphere or workroom, by picking tip th a t m aterial a t the po in t th a t d u et la g en erated . Once m a te ria l, w h eth er it ts dust, or mole or tam p*, gets an opp o rtu n ity to disperse to your w orkroom . It Is ) i n t like to b acco atookr, I t penetrate* over your a n t Ira p la n t, and you have to tu rn your p la n t m aid* &&% if you are relying on ventilation. a n d you tin get poor control. If you can co m re', th e d u st a t th e p o in t w here it Is generated from a prooaaa, th e total volum e of air you need is amaU Uto im ta H a tte n is positive in f u rea c tio n . a n d tou have kept a of your m aterial away from the breathing am of your operator, w hich * your first reason for going to exhaust vent lis te n . In fo u n d ry work you will Sr.d e x h a u st vontlH U on la th e solution hr th e fu n d a m e n ta l woMUbg toot hi con tro llin g m o st cf your d u st problem s. T he exhaust yatem . o r your ventilation work, doesn't do the lob completely. You have housekeeping, education cf your workmen There arc certain operation* where the application of ventilation Is till very dlfficult~sorpetlir.es &lzno*: im passible--problem , unless we d a m ajor change* to tht pertlcular :cb under question Occasionally in thowe place* you have got isolation or respirator*, a* th e only te m porary atopgap or protective m easure th a t you can use, To Illu strate th e first com m and, th e n . In dt*t control, t has** show her a p ic tu re of a typical electric m chir.p furnace in steel foundry Oer.cral methods of preventing the wncke and the du st ar.c th e fume* from an electric me lung furnacr from penxtat;fig the entire working area, m olding aroa cf yeu r foundry, ha been to p u t ventilator* u p in lbs roof, You can sec how far away th e roof v e n tilato r * from th e point w hrre th e sgnokc U em itted from th e fu rn ace. Ii m ean t h a t to prevent ft d rift. *xh*u*t volume* u p through y o u r roof m onitors arc fre q u e n tly in th e range of 40 900 to 100.000 cubic fe e t Of air a m inute Tn sp ite of volume* th a t large, w hich even In O hio represent ticav load Jo*, you will and u n d e r c e rta in w eather co n d itio n s & tendency for th e moke *ViJ to d rift, cau sin g a twee th ro u g h your m olding Goer. (Slide) If for a m om ent we take th a t ame m oving furnace and p u t a hood c r a local ex h a u st v e n tila tio n a p p licatio n a t th e p o in t w here th e amok* escape* from a ro u n d your electrode, around your slagging door and your pouring pout, you have ccnapletely prevented all th is dispersion u p ia to the workroom, where U g r u a chance to d rift through th e res* oi yo u : foundry. AH you h a v e to do is. m a in ta in an inflow of a ir th ro u g h rein lively mail opening, er.d a n ex h au st volum e of 50.000 e l m . will do a fa r b e tte r Job th a n POOOC to 300,000 w*y up In th e air. a* seen on th e pre<vj* *Hde. Thai, fundam entally. ppl.cx all the way through any dust application. Entry quare foot of shcNst m etal you can p u t betw een & d u st producing operation and a tvorkasan, It is th a t m u c h m ore positive your control Is going to be. th a t m uch cheaper the cost of your control insLallatior.. (Slide) One of th e most d.fit cult problem*, duo to the wide vsriaUon In sh ak e-o u t procedures- is th e foundry vhckc-oul You can sco th a t you have everything a g a in st you Tour costings are h c t. W hen you break your flask you get a rekaa* of gate. You bare the th e rm a l or stack err set from your h a t casting* end you h*v* fi* b u rn e d sen d tend.r-g to disperse vertically upw ard, and soon disperse and perm eate ih* en tire area th at it exj>o"i*fl to th e k sk s-o u t Ktatlor* Tf all o u r cutting were mull. an d (C all o u r founder!* were com pletely tnchar. Ired the foundry a h a k r-o u t problem would be ^duck *mp 4* All you have to do U b u ild a doghouse over your shake-out. have an opening so the catting oonveyor side where you upa*t ycur flask. <m opening on th e castings niacharg side where your caattngs come off ycur v ib ratin g sh ak eo u t g rate. C en tral on -such a th in g is obvious and. lem entsry. M*lntaln an In d ra ft th ro u g h the on*tin g dUsch&rge opening, m a'nUsSn an in d ra ft th ro u g h the opening where you your ilak, an d n o th in g o m get Hit. With th e doghouse, w ith vcloclUO* of 3fK) c<> UftO iv rt a m ir.uie th ro u g h the** op en - ingi, you c an control a ^hake-out. say, rf * u , w ith a volume a* low as 5.CKX cu b ic 348 fe e t cf Air. U n fo rtu n ately we d o n 't do th a t in too m any foundries, Otherwise. we wouldn't fee ta lk in g ab o u t ahaios-out problem s, b u t i t offer an idee! ap p roach to a problem, to jur. enclose your o peration aa completely a s possible a n d th e n s ta rt c u ttin g aw ay the piaeee w here you c a n 't have th a t enclosure w ith o u t in te rfe rin g w ith th e operation an d you xrfii come close to haring an effectively designed exhaust hood. (Slide) in tho n e x t step we have done exactly t h a t O u r ftoafcs are larger, they m u p set on to th e hake-out by a m a n o n each side so you h a d to c u t away th e fro n t sbte T h e casting being larger you h ad to m ake your coating discharge opening larger; tas b ear in m ind w have still got square feet of m etal th ro u g h w hich no d u s t can dispense We have got a hood ever th e top, w hich is th e n a tu ra l p a th th a t th e d u e t and wank would ten d to travel, and again we can keep a n Inflow of a ir th ro u g h those openings sad co n tro l th e sh a k e -o u t of th a t type w ith n o m in a l volum e o f air. as opposed to 3.060 cc th e &rat slide, w ith a com plete enclosure, i t would probably be 0.000 to 7,000 w ith a cst- away section as much as that. (Slide) U nfortunately, m any castings, have to be b ro u g h t to a sh ak e-o u t w ith an over head crane. A soon a t th a t an tens th e p ictu re your com plete an closure, for your over head hood, as we called th e previous two designs, is o u t tb s window. A soon thit happens, you do th e n ex t best thing. Y ou Just go back to o u r prelim inary concept of b u ild in g a bouse aro u n d th e sh ak e-o u t. You know your cran e h as g o t to bring tb&t flask in so you c an 't have anything beyond a reasonable distance from th e center hw In th e way of overhead projection. Y our w orkm en h ave got to operate on th e front side, a t le a s t--freq u en tly on th e Idea--in th e flow of th e flask an d th e castings from the sh ak e-o u t, A aide hood is probably th e m o st satisfactory general application for a krg foundry shake-out. r u t th e hood on th e long aide. E xtend th e hood as far over tti sh a k e -o u t as you can w ith o u t in terferin g w ith your c h a in elides. Y our exhaust vohin*. obviously, has to be m uch more th a n your enclosures th a t you could use on the previa In stallatio n s. T h a t p a rticu lar u n it la a elx b y eig h t sh ak e-o u t a n d volum e involved la t sh a k e -o u t of th a t sizc would b e In th e neighborhood of 30.090 c.f m I t is a little in te re stin g com m entary on foundry m en. Once they get ' hepped** up co a su b je c t they w an t th e works, Leaser volum es th a n you norm al:? encounter la foundry ehake-out could be u**d from the in d u stria l hygientsui* viewpoint. In olive words, some smoke or d u st could be allow ed to spill o u t of th e exhaust, one. end &v* your d u s t co u n ts would he w ithin w h a t we call th resh o ld limit*. B u t th e foundry m*2 once he gets s Job In. h e doesn't w a n t any of t h a t halfw ay stuff. He w ants to see all o f th e visible d u s t an d amok being picked u p by th e e x h a u st eyatem. and th a t la tfee criterio n ; an d wb<m you have & criterio n o f th a t type, you d o n 't need an elaborate du co u n tin g technique, an elaborate survey of t h a t o p eratio n , because w hen you aw con tro l! ng th e visible m aterial th e chances a re very rare th a t th e very fine one to Ave micron p articles we are all in terested In w o u ld n 't tak e th e sam e p a th as th e visible particles. Too rem em ber, it is m u ch h ard er to deflect a baseball th a n It w ould be a balloon or a smalt o b je c t by th e airflow th a t la causing th is d u s t t h a t w an ts to rise vertically to tu rn over to th e side. T h e practical foundry m an looks a t a side hood of th is type a n d he says, " Boy! Thai is a p re tty picture. T h a t picture m u st h av e been ta k e n w ithin one day of th e tim e it sru installed, because my crane operators would have knocked it over two days later.** I th in k th a t we have enough experience--by "we** I m ean th e foundry industry--ta verify th a t a hood of th is type can be c o n stru cted an d will stay in position for yes T rue, it w on't be p retty . You will g e t a d isto rtio n w bera the ch ain bock grabs o n to yoar b u m p e r rail, or you will get a sw inging flask th a t will b a tte r in your q u a rte r Inch piste, b u t it w on't destroy th e effectiveness of t h a t hood. T h e reason we are so in*iste n t on try in g to g et a hood a t th is point, ra th e r than the univ ersal suggestion of foundry m an, " W hy d o n 't you p u ll d ow n-draft? T h en I went h av e an y th in g above my floor line. 7 w o n 't have an y th in g to in terfere w ith my castiat flow."--la for th is reaso n: Look for a m o m e n t w h at happens on a d aw n-draft. All your d u s t w ants to go up. T he p o in t of d u s t gen eratio n o n a large flask m ay be three ftet above the shake-out. You are pulling air dow nw ards th ro u g h th e grate which is tv te m p tin g to mafcn n velocity particle m oving In an upw ard dliaction do au about turc W h at happens is th a t m ost all of your a ir sneaks in rig h t around the grate. I t never la* finances th e airflow p ic tu re u p w here your source of m axim um duet generation la T hen you get a big flask on your sh a k e -o u t. J u s t th e tim e you need the air tbs m o st, you have got san d pining o u t of your flask, covering up your sh ak e-o u t, Monktoi eff your exhaust connection th ro u g h th e grate, o r you u your sh ak e-o u t hopper m a urge b tn to even o u t your flow to your sand p rep aratio n equipm ent. Soon your ehakc-out operator, your cranem an. has pulled too many flasks and hs bn $49 C* a shake-out Hopper filled right u p to th e brim an d aJi you use your cifcauat *y*iem Soar t$ ft sand conveying system an d t h a t la an expensive and poor way to convey and from a k h ak e -o u t Hopper. (Slide) T he picture th a t I ju st showed on th e previous slide could be represented by this diagram here. T h e one difficulty w ith elide hood o n a shake-out, or th e difficulty with any e x h a u st system w here th e o p eratio n 1 n o t enclosed, is th a t such o p eration* are subject to d isru p tio n from open doom* open windows, cross-draft*. convection c u rre n t Is other w ords a pronounced flow of a ir d ue to an open door, m oving In th is d irectio n (tedtcattng) m akes it very difficult to prevent dust from drifting away from th e sh ak e out the earn way. Ton can p u t a side shield, frequently, on one side--ju s t a vertical baffle or b arrier --and look w h a t it does to y o u r velocities, tnetead of dropping off, the velocities In th e gamer of your shake-out, instead of dropping off to particularly Ineffective q u an tities. k even th a t o u t so you get as good co n tro l a t your corner as you do Ih th e c e n te r of psut shake-out, In a d d itio n to th a t, it prevents cross-drafts from sweeping over th a t *fc*itcut grate an d in te rfe rin g w ith th e general p a tte rn of air m ovem ent you am trying so m aintain in to th e s h a k e -o u t area. (Slide) W hen you g e t in to large shake-outs* th e exh&uxt hood for th a t {indicating} bake-out was q u ite large. I th in k th e sh a k e -o u t was ab o u t 2< by 18. I t la a lm o st n eces sary to provide aide shields o r w ings t h a t w ould enclose th e large sh ak e-o u t w ith a "IT* shaped enclosure. When you get into casting of th a t size, th a t Is n o t ao difficult because your handling of a csstin g is slow. You are n o t on th a t rap id cycle you are w ith a sm all flank, a n d InTsjiably you c an move th a t castin g in to your sh ak e-o ut an d still m a in ta in am p le c le a r ance on all sides of pour sh a k e -o u t fo r your sh ak e-o ut crew. More a n d m ore or o u r larger sh a k e -o u ts are being exhausted by local ventilation b u t when we looked a t th o se sam e sh a k e -c u ts seven o r eight year ago we th rew u p o u r h a n d s aad eaId. **H j u s t c a n 't be d o n e." ISlide) Xhave co n cen trated so m u c h cot th e sh ak e-o u t operation because it Is th e one that u giving th e foundry superintendents th e m ost trouble. I t Is difficult fo r him to a tn any ventilated sh ak e-o u t a n y th in g th a t Is exactly like bis, eith er in th e location of tbs sh a k e -o u t or his fiow procedure to or from it. ta the sand handling or sand preparation plant, there is no need of dw elling very loeg. T our fo u n d ry e q u ip m e n t m a n u fa c tu re r has gone so extrem es in giving you & 41$ d of e q u ip m e n t th a t perm it econom ical control, Tour elev ato r Is com pletely enclosed. All you need Is an exhaust a t your elev ato r boot, a alight v en tila tio n a t your elevator h ead to prevent condensation in your b ousing, and there you have it. Your san d screen Is a b e a u tifu lly endowed job. All you hare to do Is keep en o u g h ait moving th ro u g h th e tit openings an d no d u s t can get out from your c y lin d r ic a l or your vibrating screen. In fact. It Is th e foundry eq u ip m en t m en th a t have been Installing elevators and conveyors an d b in s a n d screens, in th e ir in d u stry th a t have show n people engaged in other m aterial h a n d lin g --th e ore m in in g an d crushing fellows--how to control dut. I n stead of being backward, we have found you people have been the leaders In a n u m b er of dust collecting an d v en tilatio n applications. m e mixer (Indicating). I know of no mixing equipm ent in the chemical Industrie and in th e bak in g Industries w here d u s t hoods sure ao oons'ste n tly supplied as you got In your foundry In d u stry . Once you get an enclosure, th e n exhaust ventilation Is J u tt c le a r est. fin d o u t how m u ch o pening th e dust, can get out, keep an in d ra ft of ISO o r 200-- ta extreme cases 300 o r 400--feet a m in u te , an d you have got th a t problem com pletely controlled. (Slide) We have ju s t vary quickly gone from the ahake-out. followed the sand rapidly to your san d p re p a ra tio n p la n t, a n d obviously In your mixer you add w ater to your wnd, bring y o u r m o istu re c o n te n t up, a n d it 1 very rare th a t you will have a dust fip o su n as y o u r conditioned sand 1 re tu rn e d to your m olding station*. I t is on vary rare oceaelone t h a t we even th in k of follow ing th e and a fter It leave* th e m ixer, Here {in d icatin g ) l am going to ju m p over th e clearing room and tu I in tim a te d in the opening rem arks, I am going to by-psas abrasive cleaning, going to by-paws n lor exactly th e sam e ramson as I h u m d ly w ent over your sand preparation p la n ts. For years you have been applying exhaust ventilation to grit blast room, your a b rasive cleaning jobs, your tu m b lin g m ills. Incidentally, you have been using It n o t only to prevent d u st escapem ent b u t to speed up and help your operation, keep your abrasives harp, give visibility so th a t th e o p erato r ca n see w hat he is doing in a g rit b!*t room A little rem ark th e re th a t m ig h t in te re st you T don't care bow m uch air you pull 350 from , a g r it b la s t room , you w ill never keep th e c o n c e n tra tio n su fficien tly low eo ttm at w ould Ju stify m o p e rato r In a g rit b la s t o r Band, bluet room being in t h a t room witb* o u t p o sitiv e p re ssu re c o u n t. As f a r as d u s t co n tro l is concerned, you w o u ld use a lot Im a i r th a n y o u w o u ld use la abrasive c lean in g , in g r it b last o r sa n d b la s t rooms. TV vo lu m es h a v e been selected to carry th e d u s t aw ay fa st enough so y o u r o p e ra to r can tec w h at he is doing. T u m b lin g m ill is th e sam e sto ry T o u r a ir volum es th a t we specify to r tu m b lin g mils# a re fa r above w hat you need for d u s t control, b u t you w ant to get th e san d rapidly c f th a t miU to give your stars Im pact ag ain st th e casting w ith o u t a cushion tie d G rin d in g wheels are in th e sam e category. T he way to co n tro l a grinding wheel hv b e e n k n o w n for a t le a st 40 years, a n d th e th o u g h ts on g rin d in g wheel e x h a u s t havesT c h a n g e d very m u c h in t h a t 40 years as fa r as your hood is con cern ed , w h ich la a con' b l n t t i c n g u a rd a g a in s t w heel break ag e a n d a n ex cellen t w ay to m ak e ex h a u st air flew over th e o p en o r w orking edge of th e w heel a n d ca rry th e d u s t in to th e e x h a u st ayvttss T h e re a so n for ta lk in g a b o u t g rin d in g w heels is its p a rtic u la r sig n ifican ce in Ccjs fro m t h e e tx n d p o in t t h a t you do have a s ta te code th a t ays you need five inch hood section In your branch connections. Hood a u c tio n , q u ite c o n tra ry to m o st Df y o u r opinions, is n o t a Judge of whether i Jk>b la good o r bad. I t ts sim p ly a m e a su re o f w h a t th e velocity la In th e b ran ch dvet a n d th e ea&e w ith w hich t h a t a ir gets in to th e b ra n c h d u ct. If wr ecmetet#nUy ScUovtd the five in c h hood sp ecificatio n wre w ould have to u se conveying velo cities in a breock fro m a g rin d in g w heel of a ro u n d 9,000 eat a m in u te . T h e o n ly re a so n fo r using ib* velocity is to prev en t d u s t from se ttlin g o u t in your duct, to convey it to your xh*( or in y o u r d u al collector w hen in p ractically every state m th e t'nlcii i t is penniadbk a n d sa tis fa c to ry to convey t h a t w ith velocities o f 4.500 fe e t a m in u te In fa c t, your A.PA C ode fta* b een a d a p te d as th e A m erican S ta n d a rd s A ssociation cod for ex h au stiv e gridin g w h eels a n d specifies 4.500 fe e t a m in u te . Xt m o a n s t h a t people in O hio, if th e y In sist o n Jive :n e h hood sectio n s, are j w c a u s in g ra p id w ear o n th e d u c ts d u e to t h a t u n n ecessary velocity fo r c a rry in g year dux: along, In c re a sin g y o u r pow er bill to m ove th e enme volum e o f a ir by a b o u t 30 per cent a n d It Is |u e t one of th o se u n f o r tu n a te th in g s of w h e t pro b ab ly u n d e r p re s e n t day though: U a n obaeiete, in c o rre c t requirem ent*, so m etim es feetiyg In extsU-nca b ecau se w are * little bit relu ctan t to get going and have som ething brought up to th e present cti sta n d a rd s . T h ere are several states w here the sam e s itu a tio n prevails. Illin o is. ju s t several ye ago. now, e lim in a te d t h a t nam e s itu a tio n by a d o p tin g th e A.P.A. C ode. M ichigan, Wi* cons in, and Ohio ore th e th ree five in hood section suite till le ft in th e Union. (S lide) In your cleaning room , u n fo rtu n a te ly you have g rin d in g o p e ra tio n s other than fro m y o u r tw o w heal g rin d in g o r sn ag g in g p ed estal. F or a long tim e w e have simply Ignored! th e p o rta b le g rin d er. T h e re 1 a good reason for it. T h e av erage main with p o rta b le g rin d e r o p e ra te s over a large area. H is w heel b$ sm all a n d you d o n 't see a tot of p a rk s flying like y o u do from a snogging w heel, a n d you fo rg o t h e la pro b ab ly crextlnf a s m u c h o r m o re Hue d u s t th a n you g e t o n a n average 34 in c h d ia m e te r nagging wheel, w ith a m a n c u ttin g m e ta l m ore rap id ly b u t rem o v in g coarser p articles. Y ou are going te a n d in creased em phasis on c o n tro l of p o rta b le grinding o perations, an d there are n u m b e r of ways to d o It. Y ou c a n u se n o th in g b u t a g rin d in g w o rk ta b le , p u llin g a flow o f a ir dow nw ard through th e g rill to p ick u p Uric d u a l g e n e ra te d by y o u r p o rtab le g rin d e r I a m so rry this (ta* d leasing} h ap p e n to be a die aimking job, b u t th e nam e th in g ap plies w ith a conventional eix in c h o r e ig h t in c h w heel of th e n o rm a l flexible g rin d in g you e n c o u n te r In your denning room. S h ie ld s o n t h e en d of y o u r ben ch es a n d betw een your operator will defied spark* t h a t will te n d to c a rry , sto p th e ir velocity, a n d th e y will be readily d ro p p ed down tut th e e x h au st system . Your heavy particles can he m ade to drop o u t here (Indieatlr 0 t h a t y o u n eed tow v elocities, low h orsepow er, to s e t th e e x h a u s t of th e flue dust from the boot up and out to your d u st collector. (SiUicl On y o u r larg er m ating, 1 th in k , ocmcr or later you arc goin g to go to bsfftk ty p e e n v im u re , T h is b o o th (in d ic a tin g ) i-s a p ro p eller g rin d in g b o o th , h u t the ux-* th m $ applies to your fo u n d ry c.ear.m g room . O nce you p u t those propellers Into a toea w ith a n o p e ra to r by h im self, you give th e o p e ra to r a ll th e leeway and th e flexibility t* req u ires, lie could g rin d w ith hi wheel in any p osition. T h e inflow ot air, jutrt Ur# In your sp ray b o o th s, would keep th e d u s t irons g e ttin g o u t in to th e rem ain d er of u.* room . S p a rk s c a n n o t be d e fe c te d in to th e o p erato r, a n d you have an o rd e r line anri * clean) tnwui th a t you d o n 't get u n til you go a fte r your portable g rin d in g ope rut loin W ith y o u r larg er c a st Inga your b o o th u n d o u b te d ly would be s lo tte d . m th a t yov 3M cu d deliver y o u r c a stin g s to y o u r c le a n in g room , your g rin d in g room , e it h e r w ith overbeed or m cuoralt cranes. I t w ould affect in n o way tlH fewsibUHy of th e imjtMl&tlcm, Boothe of th a t type have a n o th er in terestin g poaaibDlty They can be m ade o u t of couetic m aterial an d c a t dow n th e nolee in y o u r clean in g room appreciably. T h a t la another th in g th a t y o u r in d u s tria l h y g ie n ist is going to concern h im self w ith m ore a n d mote m th e fu tu re , (S lid e) Let* n o t fo rg e t t h e sw in g fra m e g rin d e r. For yearn com p an ies t h a t m a n u ^kured the grinders en d d u st collecting people tried th e ir darodcat to pick u p th e d u e t .Vom a ew m g fra m e w heel r ig h t a t th e wheel, O cn tlctn en . It >u*t c a n 't be done- T h * ^pooth ty p e o f enclosure, su c h as you see h ere, h iu been p re tty well aistbllohed a th e n tifactory way of controlling sw ing fram e grinding operations. You can pot your w rit o u tsid e th e booth. I t docssn't In terfere w ith y our m a te ria l h an d lin g . Relatively tow velocities of ISO fe e t a m in u te th r o u g h th e o p e n in g in b ack o f y o u r co atin g w ill be a m p le Ig co n tro l t h a t fine d u s t t h a t s ta r ts u p fro m y o u r g rin d in g w heel. At a b o u t *5 degree you get on a c tio n d u e to t h i s s tre a m of m o lte n sp ark s t h a t give you higher velocities right a t th e p o in t t h a t y o u n eed th e m to ta k e c a re of h o e d u st. I am eorry th e slide la fctdhrtlnct u n d e r th is lig h t b u t you can a th e trajecto ry of the sparks* spark of very heavy particle com pered to th e fine m a te ria l we a re so in terested in . b u t you can actu ally tee a sp a rk te n d in g to go u p to t h e sky. b e in g tu rn e d a ro u n d l a J u s t a b o u t t h a t a re a (indicating) an d ta k e n hack in to th e room* a n d w hen you can do th a t w ith spark* you esc do t h a t w ith y o u r o n e to five m ic ro n m a te ria l, a n d t h a t 1 on# w ith a volum e of SOCD to 4.000 c X m . p e r aw ing fra m e g rin d e r, w h ic h c e rta in ty is n 't excessive. T h a t covers my lUustr&tioa an d pretty m uch w inds u p m y song and dance. I have Intentionally overlooked a lot of problem s th a t arc special to one Industry or another. I kn ew th a t In m y s h a k e -o u t d isc u ssio n 1 have sk ip p ed over a b it o f--s h a ll 1 c&Ij it Jobbing o r floor m o ld in g fo u n d rie s? --w here you do n o t h a v e a ce n tra liz ed shake* cut. W e co u ld ta lk a b o u t an y o f th e sp ecialised d e ta ils you c a rt to If th ere is tim e fo r it tn th e discuss Icm, a fterw ard s. C h a im is o C leaver: T h a n k you* M r. K a n e . M r. K a n e w ill w elcom e an y d u ra tio n s y o u e ig h t have, or any discussion on any particular problem you have, Hr. Emery II. H ayhnrst 'C olum bus. O h io : Ho you have equipm ent th a t will ta k e cere of d u s t from refracto ries? b ric k g rinding? Mr. K ane: An excellent q u estio n . B ear In m in d th a t every steel fo u n d ry h as a n abrasive crat*cff saw t h a t y o u r m aso n ary o p e ra to r 1 u sin g and c re a tin g a c o n c e n tra te d dust during a short period of tim e. T he dust con be collected very sim ply and very easily and the type of hood and th e type of collection equipm ent you would use would be based o n tw o condition. Ia your m asonary saw in a p e rm a n e n t location, or Is it a p o rtab le lob t h a t you h ave to ta k e fro m o n e s ta tio n to a n o th e r? Preferably, use a stationary system if you can. and a booth typo enclosure I like b etter Chau a n y local hood in b a c k of th e u n it, becau se i t gives th e o p e ra to r com plete freedom , you know , to s e t h U saw , to m o v e b is b ric k b ack a n d fo rth . Dr, Jiay h u rs t: P ard o n m e. I Have in m in d th e p ressin g o f th e brick a g ain st the aide of th e g rin d e r. Mr, K an e: O. X. T h a t is a d iffe re n t o p e ra tio n M ost of th e lobe I have seen have b e so with th e abrasive cut*cl? saw to alz y our brick. You itud in th e m an u factu re of re fractory b rick t h a t t h a t is a c o n v e n tio n a l o p e ra tio n w here b rick a re held to s p e d ftc a tio n a. You tr e a t it ju s t th e sum o as you w ould on a difcc g rin d e r g rin d in g eteel. In crease yo u r exhaust volume because you get m uch benvier concejotrauons of fine dust. Exhaust the same as you w ould w ith a d isc g rin d e r. Com e u p In f ro n t o f your wheel ft fa r as you c an , come over th e top. ao th a t you have a slot w here th a t refractory ru n s along the disc, and th e n yo u r d u s t co lle c tin g e q u ip m e n t can be on* Of tw o nr th r* f types Your d u st load will be heavy an d your m aterial will surely be abrasive It U d e b t tr. refracto ry p la n ts We overlook it in y o u r steel fo u n d rie s I t so o fte n happen* t h a t a t th tim e you arc looking fo r du=t problem *, the abrasive cu t-off tv Ur. t o p eratin g and ycu arc a p t to forget t h a t tb r.t is o n e o p e ra to r t h a t 1 exposed fre q u e n tly to a silicate d u s: in high c o n c e n tra tio n a. even If for i n te r m itte n t period C hairm an Cleaver: u a c t. I would like to a*b a question. We operate a etove foundry and I th in k it is typical cf all stove foundry operations w here m ost of your work U m ail cmsUnge m a d e on eith e r sq ueecer or ro lle r m achine- O u r m old cm hovel ibebr s a n d o u t of w inrow v a n d as th e y m a k e t h e i r m o ld s th e y regress b a c k to w ard th e back of th e wall and we w e n t alo n g fo r several years w ith o u t a n y aULeasts. b u t now th ey are b eg in n in g to seaaek ue dow n 1 W e were vfondering wb&t we can d o to c u t dow n or reduce th e d u n hazard la cut shop c o m p le te ^ tu rn in g Use th in g u p sid e dow n. T here Iff definitely & d u st hazard. fid o nly In tike m olding operation b u t also In th e sheJce-out, Tfco bake-out Is done by bud w ith a ehake-out saw and ju s t p u t rig h t bach Into wlnrow an d we take th e casta? o u t and put the sand In. Do you have any ouggestisrui, Mr, K ane, on how we could help reduce th at dps hazard? Mr. K ane: Suggestions w o u ld n 't be very satisfactory, because Ussy can be dons <nft In tw o general ways. One is th e e x p e n d itu re fo r a le t of e q u ip m en t, changing comptocrij your procedure of shak e-o u t, a n d th a t m ean s going to a cen tralized shake-out sI&Uosl When 2 say "cen tralized sh ak e-o u t station,** 2 d o n 't necessarily m ean one station, but Ttt w ill find a nu m b er of fo u n d ries c o n fro n te d w ith your sam e problem t h a t you are gang to w h at I w ould call a sem i-m & ch& nixed system . T o u r m o ld s from th e molding sts&Soa am p u t on a conveyor, r u n dow n a n d p o u red on th e conveyor, u p set a t th e end of Ut conveyor th ro u g h a fioor ir a te , e n d , if th e c a stin g U sm all, casting and eand are earrt* along to a central screen in g or c a s tin g sh ak e-o u t statio n . Where th e castings are lam you separate th e casting from th e san d a t th is d u st m u o n . b u t instead of dumping fast casting, th en , over an area a$ large as th is room, in a com parable m olding floor tret you have six lines (indicating), Now. th e nice way--although I still d o n 't believe you w ould get a n operator to 4o )t --you are actually only u p se ttin g castings in to one or tw o of those openings a t any o&t tim e, an d you are aw fully tem p ted to provide ex h au st v en tilatio n only for two or ttaw statio n s, p u ttin g cover plates on th e others. T he difficulty w ith an y th in g th a t is left vp to a n o p erato r--2 guess we would be th e sam e way It we were doing th e ir job--will U t h a t your cover plate arts left air end your ex h au st v en tilatio n U of questionable me unleee you provide v en tilation to each one of these statio n s. Unless you are prepared to go to som e extrem e su ch as th a t--a n d it really is n 't aa extrem e, probably, as i t sounds it first glance-- th e only th in g l know is to sh a k e -o u t a t n ig h t, c u t your aand a t night wba you have got th e few est m en possible exposed to your d u st conditions. Wet your tent as thoroughly as th e sand will s ta n d before you shake o u t your m olds. Give your ehsfc. o u t crew reap Ira tors, Put as m uch general ven tilatio n th ro u g h your re e f m onitors as joe can produce, and keep a check on your du st counts. In o th e r words, th ere axe J im th e tw o extrem es. One Is top-gap. p u re and staph because a t long a t you are soaking a d u s t co n d itio n over your en tire area there is way w ith reasonable ex h au st volume t h a t you can keep your d u s t concentrations d m to w hat we think of as acceptable lim its. If you do have a d u st co n d itio n a t y o u r m olding statio n d u rin g th e operation of yow m olding m achines. Just a slig h t a ir m o v em en t from a hood (n back of your mol&oc m achine will control th a t very effectively and inexpensively. C hairm an Cleaver: T h a n h you, M r. K ane. T h a t helps answ er o u r problem. Our m olding m achine* ore portable. T hey w ork along a win row. a n d 1 th in k It is eommo to a problem t h a t m o st stove fo u n d ries a n d foundries th a t produce sm alt Job casUosa furnace castings and things Ilk th a t, are faced w ith. We are doing our sh ak e-o u t a t n ig h t a n d we w et dow n o u r gangways, use input parting, an d we are doing all we can to elim inate th e duet problem. Mr. Don Ju d g e {H am ilton F o u n d ry a n d M achine C om pany, H am ilton, Chici* Ul K ane, w h a t is recognised as th e m oat desirable n u m b e r c f air changes permitted far grit blast? Mr. K ane: T h e p resent day sta n d a rd is 96 feet a m in u te d o w n -d ra ft. T h at Is sbc& te n air changes a m in u te In an average room , seven to eig h t feat high. Bear In t h a t it la purely a q u estio n at visibility. I have seen g rit b last, p articu larly grit v tti i d o w n -d raft velocity of SO feet a m in u te, w here visibility baa been perfectly satisfactory I th in k th a t would bo particu larly tru e o n operations where you clean scale or thtep of th a t n atu re, and d o n 't have s heavy b u rn ed eand load. I have acen some heavy d u ty sa n d b la st room s w ith and os th e abrasive, knocking 06 a heavy bu rn ed and load fro m y o u r c a stin g s o r oores w here 100 fe e t a m in u te down d ra ft w ould have been a lo t b e tte r th a n 80. 80 U a generally accepted average. In addition to th a t, you still have som e s ir on your abrasive cleaner and your elsvsta head th a t tak es your sp ent abrasive o u t a n d cleans It and re tu rn s i t to your receiver. C hairm an Cleaver: In costing ab o u t fo r a speaker on F ou n d ry S afety we finxUj gsi around to contacting a It lend of m ine u p around Marlon, Mr. Jo h n t-acey. and I u N h im if h e a o u ld aiggeal atnobody to ta lk up o n th a t ubjeet. a aa'.d. "Yes; I lum Itt&c th e mar y o u w a n t." He oaya, ' 'If you can g at M r, D udley ol th e O hio St#* F o u n d ry Company to c a m e d o w n &ud ta lk a b o u t fo u n d ry aaiety , h e la Lhe b est in d iv id u a l I can of." So today, e c n ilm e n , w e have a m an who is S ecretary -T reasu rer ot O hio Steel FouiK lry Company, w ho la q u ite a crusader for foundry safety. At th is tim e I present to you Mr. W, P. D udley, S e c re ta ry -T re a n u re r of th e Ohio S teel F o u n d ry C om pany, w hose s u b je c t w ill b+, " F o u n d ry S a fe ty ." Mr, D udley. "FOHKDHV SAFETY" Mr. W. P. Dudley. Secretary-Treasurer, Ohio Steel Foundry Company, Lima, Ohio Ur. C learer. Lad las and G entlem en: When X cam e in here I was Introduced back here to Mr. K ane, and he said to m e, T u s going to lead off on th is program and I will conduct th e prelim inaries w hile th e fo lk s art com ing In ," S o I said to h im . "A ll rig h t, b ro th e r. I f y ou can g e t th e m in* I w ilt g a t Uin out.'* {D aughter* how. I aiw ure yon h a t w h a t you have h eard a b o u t m e so fa r Is gross exageraU on. 1 am n o t a s a fe ty m e n e n d wh&t t d o n 't know o b o u t safety w ould p ro b ab ly fill all th e books t h a t h a v e e v e r been, w r itte n on sa fe ty , b ecau se I d o n 't profess to b a afety t e c h nician in an y way, sh a p e o r form , and I assure you th a t H anyone expects me to etiaw ar lct q u e stio n o n sa fe ty w h en th is is over. I am g o in g to b ack o u t, because I a m q u ite *u?e th a t In a m e e tin g of th is k in d , com prised largely of m en d evoting th e ir lives to s a fe ty work, t h a t you fello w s c o u ld te ll m e th in g t h a t I h a v e n o t dream ed of n o r th o u g h t of. I m ust of necessity talk on th e subject abstractly and perhaps more from th e stand - point of In d u stria l or burner; relations th a n from th e technical problem* of w itty , b u t l dc hope th a t J can stim u la te your th in k in g & little anc leave som ething w ith you th a t * worthwhile. In th in k in g ab o u t th e m atter, the Sml thing th a t Xthought about wae the question of why we have people like you fathered together studying this problem of safety. In other words. W hy do we have safety I Now. : d o n 't k n o w w h a t y o u r th o u g h t Is. I do know th is, t h a t you c o n tin u a lly h e a r safety em p hasized 'r o ta th e s ta n d p o in t of m oney and savings and d ollars a n d cen t , and th e re la n o q u e s tio n b u t t h a t a t th e p re se n t tim e It !s coating m ore a n d m o re d o lla rs to any co m p a n y t h a t is n o t follow ing th is su b je c t a n d m ak in g im provem ent* a n d d o in g /verything they can to p revent accidents, because accident* are becom ing more costly cwry day. B ut is t h a t really th e fu n d a m e n ta l on w hich you m en are d ev o tin g y o u r Ilf* 1? 1 don't th in k oo. S o m eb o dy h a s said t h a t 11 h u m a n effort Is devoted to e ith e r the c o m fo rt or the progress of m an , a n d a little analysis wiU prove to you. X believe, t h a t t h a t U generally tru e . Last n ig h t I h ad th e privilege for & period of an hour of reviewing w ith a m an who rerfc* a t o u r p la n t S '.tn s t h a t he to o k in travels th ro u g h o u t th e e n tire w orld. T h e th in g **** b ro u g h t h o m e to m e very fo rcefu lly as ho show ed m e p ic tu re s c f Chine Cooihw, th e Ctlnese living in little river boaU along th e Yangtze River, who were raising u few chickens in a little ch ick en coop o n tb it b o at, who h a d *1 few pig* t h a t th e y were alw ay s bring: u p . p re p a ra to ry to cellin g or. th e m arket- Ho to ld u s an 5m e r i t i n g Vary a b o u t ib*m,, Ho trald th e y b rin g tlicae b oat* up to th e hore a n d K*t th e u;i!m nh off. end w h en they got ready to d r if t back in to th e river call them by name* and th e chicken or tbe pig h o p s b ack in th e b o a t a n d away they go. H ut th o se people are com m ercializing th a t effort T hey ore raising tho*r th in g s for Ml to o th e r p eo p le, a n d in bo doin g th e y arc enss&Bing In th e ir ow n ro u g h w*y m c o m merce, am i th e y ai& p re p a rin g th in g for th e c o m fo rt uf th e people who re n o t itu a te d so th a t th e y ca n ra ise o r grow th e ir own, an d In so doing th ey are also p ro te c tin g th e ir own liv elih o o d a n d tiy in g to p ro v id e for them selves su ch m eager com fort a* th ey m ay be side to get from th e ir ro u g h a n d cru d e efforts. He .showed p ic tu re s of C hines farm er* h a u lin g to m a rk e t tw o bags of rice su sp e n d e d from a b a r crew* th e ir sh o u ld er* , tru d g in g dow n th e road to tra d e th e fru it* of th e ir farm* fo r t h e o tn e r th in g s t h a t th e y need. He show ed m e p ic tu re s of A rabs m ilk in g th e ir goat* inn* th e countryside, a n d th e water c a rrie r goin g th r o u g h th e *tre*la of th e c A w i in N orth Africa, m a k n g hi* me age. 408 THE NEW INDUSTRIAL HEALTH REGULATIONS OF OHIO" Joseph E. Flanagan, Jr., in d u stria l Hygiene Engineer, Ohio D epartm ent of H ealth, Colum bus 15, Ohio Inti oductlon! W henever a new code or s e t of regulation Is proposed for adoption by an officuu agency of governm ent, an im m ediate reaction m ay be expected. T his reaction ranges from vio len t objection, th ro u g h ta c it acceptance of th e inevitable to th e less noticeable, b u t equally im p o rta n t favorable reaction of a em ail b u t well in fo rm ed group. These re actions were expected during the development of th e new industrial health reguiatioat and they occurred. Some of the more im portant questions raised were th e following: "W hat authority does th e Ohio D epartm ent of H ealth have for the adoption cf such regulations?" "W hat effect will these regulations have upon the paym ent of compen sation for occupational diseases?" "W hat are the penalties provided by law for a violation of thc^e regulations?" And last, b u t n o t least, was the question as actually phrased, Who goes to Jail ftrstr T here have been, an d th e re are still, m any m isconceptions concerning these regula tions and th is discussion, today, will a tte m p t to give you th e basts for th e ir establishment and to answ er as m any questions as possible regarding the regulations. H istorical: T he records of th e Ohio D epartm ent of H ealth indicate an in terest in occupations! hygiene as long ago as 1886 w hen th e first an n u a! report of th e Ohio S ta te Board of Health an n o u n ced th e a p p o in tm e n t of a C om m ittee on H ygiene of O ccupation an d Hallway S a n ita tio n . T he 1887 re p o rt included a section entitled* "T he EfEect of O ccupation Upca th e H ealth of In d iv id u als." From 1810 to X8H, th e B ureau of v ita l S ta tistic s of the Stale B oard of H e a lth published an n u a! tables of occupation va. causes Of d e ath . In 1913, thi Genera] Assembly passed tw o legislative bills; one, w hich authorized th e Board of Hesltt to m ake a n Investigation of occupational diseases a n d a p p ro p riated $7,000 for 1618 sed the amc a m o u n t for 1814 for th is purpose: and the o th er, w hich req u ired every physician In O hio to re p o rt c e rta in occu p atio n al diseases to th e S ta te B oard of H ealth . This re q u irem en t, &a am ended In 1920. was extended to include several o th e r occupational dis eases a n d c o n ta in e d th e clause, " a n d n o t excluding others," so t h a t a n overall reporttng re q u ire m e n t was secured. T he legislature also passed th e so-called "L ead Law" In 1613 w hich gave th e S ta te B oard of H ealth Jurisdiction over the h e a lth of worKers In industries which m anufactured lead and certain lead compounds. T h is early a c tiv ity a n d legislation represented an extrem ely progressive a ttitu d e toward th e recognition of th e im p o rtan ce of occupational diseases in Ohio and, as a result cf th is leg islation, a D ivision of O ccupational Diseases was created w ith in th e Board cf H ealth on May 15, 1913. T h is was the first such S ta te division In th e U n ited States. In com pliance w ith th e 1919 legislation (Jo in t House R esolution No. 12}, Dr. Emer? R. H a y h u rst a n d h is associates m ade a detailed survey of in d u stria l h e a lth problems &a4 o ccu p atio n al diseases In Ohio. T he re p o rt of thU survey to th e leg islatu re In February, 1915, covered 1,067 work places em ploying 235,984 wage earners, or a b o u t h alf of Mum in d u stria lly em ployed in th e S tate. Tt is in terestin g to n o te here th a t, a t th e present tim e, th e re are over 2.600,000 worker a n d over 10,000 m a n u fa c tu rin g p la n ts alone in Ohio T he n u m b e r of service in d u stria l estab lish m en ts exceeds 35,000. O ther a c tiv ity o f In terest was th e form ation of Uus Ohio In d u s tria l Commission la 1912: th e d esig n atio n of 15 specified occupational diseases aa com pensable diseases la 1921; th e c re a tio n of th e D ivision of S afety a n d Hygiene by th e In d u stria l Comm lesion 1c 1924: an d th e g rad u al extension cf th e com pensable occupational disease schedule by the In d u s tria l C om m ission u n til, in 1940, a final Hem No. 23 was added to designate, "All o th er o ccu p atio n al diseases,** as com penaable diseases. The activ ity o f th e Ohio D ep artm en t of H ealth from 1813 to 1936, In th e field of in d u stria l hygiene, was very com m endable b u t was ham pered seriously by a shortage of fu n d s and. th erefo re, of personnel F rom 1936 to 1919. th e D e p a rtm e n t carried out * survey of exposures to toxic m aterials in industry and accum ulated m uch statistics m aterial. T h is a c tiv ity w as aided by fu n d s from th e V 8. P ublic H ealth Service by virtu of th e provisions o f th e Social S ecu rity Act and approval of th e subsidy by the Ohio G eneral Assembly and by the then Governor of Ohio. 'Vi* From 1940 to 1943, th e Ohio D epartm ent of H ealth carried on no industrial hygiene activities other th a n a consulting service for th e benefit of industrial nurses. In WO. because Of wartime conditions, technical experts were secured from the U. S, Public Health Service to assist the D epartm ent m th is hold. W artime activities included a co operative program with the C ontinuous Security Division of the Army, a foundry study for th e War Manpower com m ission, a n intensive scientific Investigation of the health hazards In the beryllium industry in Ohio, and handling of miscellaneous requests for service* Development of H ealth Regulations: Section 1237 of the Ohio G eneral Code, in sta tin g the general powers and duties of the Department, says In part, "the state board of health shall have supervision of dll m atters relating to the preservation of th e life and health of th e people.. . I t has been painfully apparent th at, although Ohio was one of th e leaders in industrial health activities in the nation, th e D epartm ent <rf H ealth h a s relied upon piecemeal legislation for a great many years and has n o t taken, ad vantage of its prim ary responsibility to develop a strong co ordinated and sustained program to protect th e h ea lth of the Industrial workers by attempting to minimize the occurrence of occupational diseases. The problem of occupa tional disease Is one of th e pressing problem s In th e Held of public h ealth and the exist ence of a working population of over 2.600.000 people in Ohio, plus th e fact th a t Ohio generally la considered to ra n k fo u rth in im portance industrially in th e country, em pha sises th e Increased Im portance of th e problem from the tim e of th e orglnal 1913 investi gation. The Importance la em phasised fu rth e r by th e targe num ber of occupational dis ease reports which are made to th e Ohio D epartm ent of H ealth each year, by th e great diversification of Industry in Ohio, and by the well-known fact th a t new materials and processes of which little le know n are being Introduced rapidly and continuously on the industrial scene. An examination of rules, regulations and codes of other Ohio agencies also has shown that primary emphasis has been placed upon the prevention of accidents and th at efforts to control occupational disease occupy a minor p a rt of the overall program. In th e held of accident prevention, codes have been developed which are specific codes to cover specific esses: certain types of safeguards are provided for certain types of machines, etc. By means of such codeB, industry knows exactly where It stands insofar as compliance t* concerned and a good educational and enforcem ent effort has been made possible In Ohio. The Ohio D epartm ent ocf H ealth is n o t and cannot he, concerned with th e field of accident prevention as such, b u t it is concerned w ith th e absence of regulatory measure* os they relate to the occurrence of occupational diseases, and w ith th e advisability of establishing such regulations both tor the protection of Individual workers and for the guidance and protection of industrial m anagem ent. The development of methods of procedure, detection of small am ounts of toxic Impurities in the atmosphere and tbs accumulation of inform ation regarding th e toxicological properties of many hazardous materials has progressed trem endously since th e early days and in particular since 1930. The progress ho* been so noticeable th ro u g h o u t th e country th a t approximately 15 state* have adopted regulations few th e prevention and control of occupational diseases which Include a table of maximum allowable concentrations for various atmospheric contam inants. In some of these states, the codes or regulation* were adopted by the Industrial Accident Commissions; by the H ealth D eportm ents; or by the Labor Departments, and 1 a few cases jo in t Jurisdiction exists on this m atter. In tb s la tte r part of November, 1945. th e Director of H ealth of the Ohio D epartm ent of Health directed an inquiry to the Attorney General which requested advice as to the Jurisdiction of the Ohio Public Health Council in adopting regulations establishing max imum allowable concentrations for substances dangerous to public health, in view or the duties laid upon the D epartm ent ox H ealth by various legislative enactment* in former years. A copy of the suggested regulation* was attached to this inquiry. On December a, 1945, Opinion No. G09 was issued by the Attorney General which states In its Syllabus. "T h e RutoUc H ealth Council of the state departm ent of health ha* authority p u rsu an t to Section* 1232 et seq of th e General Code to adopt regulations estnbUohtng maximum allowable concentrations lor substance* ued in industry which are dangerous to public health." Title opinion traced the origin of the original state board of health, the transfer of all powers and duties of the board to tb s present departm ent of health, the creation of tbe public health council, and th e duties of th a t council. Referring to the duties of th e council, Section 1235 of the aeneral Code reads in part as follows: JQ I J jj ^3ss -p * : S g iU Jig - g * o &2 ' ` il ` WM 1 4 S & g *- $ S & g * H 5 ? a ^ |S 5 S ft" A 3 IsS iiSwlfi **Sp JU 3 V* lJ S h o0 ^ s S is * 5 | 5 2 . S n ? 5 ~ ~ 13 g l.s * r ip.c )>i a^T cP* tV*' 2 > 3p p 4o^ t^>S.- s l s ` l l & *3 % 5 "" 5 as 8 412 This regulation indicates the gvoytai applicability of the ragulnUon and no fu rth er wnuaeat U necessary hare. X egulatttnzi MS e n title d "M odification'' read a* follow: "W h e n s tr ic t com pliance w ith U oi th e provfeiom of the reg u la tion* w ould involve undue hardship, th e Ohio D epartm ent of H ealth may, upon application In w riting, perm it modification of the requirem ents when protection practically equivalent to th a t required by these regulations has been provided. The application for m odification of any oi these ferulatim is In Any p a rtic u la r case ball be accom panied by a full statem en t of th e existing conditions and the reason* for requesting such modification. Any m o d ificatio n g ra n te d u n d er %be provisions of th is p ara g ra p h sh a ll b e lim ited to th e p articu lar case covered by the application for such m odification." This re g u la tio n Is a recognition by th e Ohio D ep artm en t of H ealth th a t n o code or e l oi rules can be w ritten w hich win cover each an d every possible com bination c f ctr* ujastar.ee w hich m ig h t arise. I t also recognise th a t, in some oases, a re-evaluation of a particular h e a lth bastard m ay be advisable tn order to avoid a n undue hardship. The tw o In tro d u c to ry p arag rap h s of R egulation 247, enUCed "H a rm fu l E xposure" read as follow: " (I) Ho employer shall use or perm it to be used tn the conduct of bis buvrtne&s, m a n u fa c tu rin g establishm ent or other place of em ploym ent, a n y process, m aterial or condition known to have an adverse effect on health, unless reasonable provisions have been m ads to prevent injury to th e h ea lth of th e employees and of the public. " (2) T he concentration of dusts, fume, m ists, vapors, or g u e s. in th e air breathed by employees shall c o t exceed the following m axim um allow able coo cen tra tic ns for tui 8-h o u r daily exposure." Im m ediately follow ing Uieae paragraphs Is a ta b le listin g th e m ax im u m allow able concentrations for gases and vapors, m etallic dusts, fumes, mieia and vapors, o th er dtieta ad fume, m in eral dust com prising asbestos a n d free silica, a n d ra d ia tio n . T h e re g u la tion 1 th e n com p leted by a n explanatory n o te w hich am plifies som e of th e im p o rta n t items su c h as cam pling te ch n iq u e , analyst of ample, tem p o rary co n c en tra tio n in exec of tboee listed, th e m ethod of determ ining free alllca and a statem en t b n th e awihod o f d u et co u n tin g . This Regulation 2A7 is th e most Im portant single regulatory provision of th e group. In order to adm inister this regulation, it is essential th a t exposure to any of th e m aterials listed in th e table of m axim um allowable concentration* be evaluated on a q u an titativ e basis. I t gives Industry and labor a series of reference points or levels which. If exceeded, will establish working conditions th a t are hazardous to the health of people exposed U removes th e evaluation of health hazards from the purely Inspection class ef activities. The values included are baaed upon the m ost recent inform ation available from all of th e Rates which have in d u strial hygiene u nits in either th eir health departm ents o r th eir labor departm ents. At th e present time, this mean* th a t we used the inform ation ob tained from tw o state departm ents of labor and from about 42 state and local h ealth CspartmcnlR. In addition to these source, reference was m ade to standard prepared by the American Standard Association, to toxicological literature as fcpreacrtUid by p u blica tions HXC the Jo u rn al of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, to the practice of th e In d u s trial Hygiene Pourulction of America located a t the Mellon Institutes tn Pittsburgh, an d to the opinion of recognized expert in industry, and private research organization. As a result or comx&UQIcetion;, conferences, telephone cidt. and personal visit*, m any change vere made bn th is table before It reached lie pre-sent form. One of the m ost im portant hang was th e delection cf such items as gasoline, arsenic, naonoehlorobeneene, dour Idea, teveral glycols, late, cem ent, mica, and talc from the table because there was n o t suffi cient toxicological evidence tn w arrant their inclusion a t th e present time, Under th e E xplanatory Note in R egulation 247, th e section regarding te m p o rary ex cessive con cen t ra ti or. a deserves com m ent. T his eoeticro (3) of t h a t n o te reads as follow. '"T em porary c o n c en tra tio n s la exetaet of th e m a x im u m allow able c o n centration listed hall not be perm itted it exposure to such concentrations fo r a period of one hour or less may result in any adverse effect on h ealth as determ ined by the Ohio D epartm ent cf H ealth." Thi# se ctio n recognise th e fact th a t exeetuitvoly high co n c en tratio n s do exist fo r abort 412 periods of U m t cu rin g certain in d u strial operation and th a t such sh o rt d u ratio n # pcaure m ay tint t a vSoiation of th is regulation. S e c tio n 4) of till m e R a p ln n atary Net* *tat**. "F or the purpose of th e above m axim um allowable concentration to r silica, th e free ulHca c o n te n t sh e ll he th e per c e n t of ire s silica In th e iru c tio n of th e a ir-b o rn e d u e t in th e b reath in g acme of th e w orkers t h a t is sm aller th a n 5 m icron in m axim um diam eter." Thin m eth o d of e m u la tin g tne exposure to h a rm fu l free sthcfc in d u sty stm o o p b e rep resen t a d e p a rtu re fro m th e g en erally accep ted p ro ced u re of m o st h e a lth p e r t . T&r m o st r e c e n t m ed ical evidence in d ic a te s t h a t only p articles sm a lle r th a n 5 m ic ro n s in *1 a re h a r m f u l as f a r as th e p o ssib ility o f p ro d u c in g ill cofits Is concerned. A n alysis of settled dust* in foundries* potteries, etc., o ften gives different results th an exam ination of rtt air-b o rn e d u sts in th e sam e p la n t. By th is m ethod we will obtain a d ire c t m eaeure of 0 ac tu a l a m o u n t of h a rm fu l d u s t b re a th e d by the workers. T he an alytical m e th o d involve t h e a p p lic a tio n o f X -ra y d iffra c tio n te c h n iq u e follow ing a se p a ra tio n of th e co llected dur. in to fractio n w hich are targ et an d m atter th a n $ m icrons- T h e te c h n iq u e is n o t elicpk e n d t h e la b o r involved is c o n sid erab le. T h e result how ever, will be very m u c h marr re lia b le th a n h av e b e e n th o s e from fo rm e r stu d ies. T h is p ro ced u re w lil be id e n tic a l to tfcn uaoc fey th e In d u s tr ia l H ygiene F o u n d a tio n o f America, R e g u la tio n 255 d eals with, v io la tio n o f th ese re g u la tio n s a n d re a d s oa follow s: "A violation of an y of th e provisions of the foregoing reg u latio n s o r failu re to comply w ith any orders m ade p ursuant thereto by th e D ep art m e n t Of H e a lth h all s u b je c t th e porsoo so v io lating o r fa ilu re to co m p ly to th e p en alties provided by law.*' I n c o n n set-ion w ith th is re g u la tio n , we refer io S eciicn 1247 o f th e O hio G e n e ra . Code w h ic h Is e n title d `'P ro se c u tio n a n d Proceeding. ' In effect, it says t h a t th e law s outU alet t h e m e th o d * of p ro c e d u re, co u rt , p e n a ltie s, etc., ap p licab le to local b o a rd s o f h e a lth lull apply to th e S tate Board of H ealth. O hio G e n e ra l Code S e c tio n 441, e n title d "P en alty for Violation*' e la te s t h a t a n Indi v id u a l w h o o b s tru c ts . in te rfe re s w ith o r o m its to obey a n o rd e r or re g u la tio n o f th e board o f h e a lth sh a ll fee fined r o t m o re th a n o n e h u n d re d dollar o r im p riso n ed n o t lo n g er than n in e ty day, or b o th . Mo o n e sh a ll b e imprisoned fo r & first offense, how ever. S e c tio n 4415 o f th e O hio G en eral C ode, e n title d "V io latio n by a C o rp o ra tio n " estab lish e s fiue of c o t m o re t h a n th re e h u n d re d dollar a n d also provides fo r th e lin e *ad Im p ris o n m e n t o f a n y officer of a c o rp o ra tio n h av in g a u th o rity over th e m a tte r w ho per m its a violation of a regulation The section o u tlin e a ll th e p e n a lty p rovisions and need tittle c o m m e n t, o th e r than t h e fa c t t h a t only th e O h io D e p a rtm e n t o f H ealth can I n s titu te proceeding u n d e r thfc* section* os far as these regulations are concerned. T he o th er regulations of th e group are concerned w ith m ethod of control of simoa p h e n e co n tam in an t such os ven tilatio n ; w ith th e use and care of personal respiratory eq u ip m en t; tooU tlon of hasaurdtnts operation, sanitation m th e p la n t; end warning d health hasarde- W h en ev er possible, th e c o n tro l znolhod* to bo used In a given, case d e p e n d up o n the d ecisio n o f t h e p la n t m a n a g e m e n t T h e reg u latio n * are n o t m a n d a to ry w ith reg ard to tha ty p e of c o n tro l to fee In sta lle d . T h e filial Ju d g m e n t of th e ad eq u acy o f c o n tro l will b* m ode o n ly a f te r re fe rral to th e m a n d a to ry provision* of R eg u latio n 247. a n d to th e specif* m axim um allowable concentration for th e m aterial concerned. R e fe rrin g to rcaptrator, th e O hio D e p a rtm e n t of H ealth will approve o n ly th a w de vices b e a rin g th e sta m p o f ap p ro v al issued to th e m a n u fa c tu re r of th a re s p ira to r fey the H. S. B u re a u of M ines, T h e ue o f atiy o th e r sc-called re sp ira to r w here exposure to a toxic m a te ria ) o ccurs offers a false c en se o f eecnrifcy to th e w orker, to th fo rem an , to the sa fe ty d e p a r tm e n t a n d to m a n a g e m e n t We Mao wliJ recom m end th e use o f respirators only sec o n d a rily to good e n g in e e rin g c o n tro l. T hey are for Jobs of ab o rt d u r a tio n and for ra e rfin u y ex p o su re w hich c a n n o t feu avoklrrt a t th e p a rtic u la r tim e o r place. A dm inistration of R egulations; One of th e keys to eventual nureess in reducing the incidence cf occupational dts* !n O h io is t h e in te llig e n t a d m in is tr a tio n o f th e se re g u la tio n s fey th e O h i o D ep artm en t of H e a lth T h e f e d t h a t these re g u la tio n w ill becom e p a rt of th e O hio S a n ita ry Code o& J a n u a ry 1. 1047. g u ara n tee* t h a t th e D e p a rtm e n t of H ealth has a firm er s a d m o re specific bonis u p o n w h ich to a c t In th is field thm a t any tim e Mnce 1013, F o rm er leg islation has b ean p o rtly d ev o ted to th e basic p rin cip les of co n tro l a n d partly to a p p lic a tio n o f specific control m easure ms Illu strated by th e old *'Lead Law** end (tie reg u latio n providing for the prevention of m ercury poisoning in. th e h u t in d u stry , (Hog. 241, O.HC.}. The regulation discussed today provide for th e c valuation of dangerous exposures In Industry a t largo by the applicatio n of sclentllie m eth o d s on a quart 11ta ll ve buds. T here or no exception allowed in th e overall ap p licatio n of these regu latio n s, an d no organ ization other th a n the Ohio d e p a rtm e n t of H ealth wUi he la a p o sitio n to ad m in ister th ese regulations. Although some of the foregoing rem arks may sound extremely dogmatic, tt is s o t the intention of this D epartm ent to take these regulations into the field and start an intensive tcarch for specific violation on a p la n t to p la n t Oasis, merely for the take of citin g the violations an d im posing th e p en alties provided by law. I t also is not the In te n tio n c* tela D epartm ent to lim it Its activities to the evaluation of the working conditions which tie responsible for each specific caie of occupational diseaw w hich u reported to the Ohio Department of Health, although reported occupational disease* w in he used In a general manner to guide tb s D epartm ent In preparing Its program because they Indicate which industries are the m ost hazardous over a period of tim e. I t ehoviid be m entioned, a t th is point, th a t onr work will have no eoftneettoa w ith specific occu p atio n al disease claim s w hich m ay be filed w ith th e Ohio in d u stria l Com - ai ssion. T h e fa c t th a t an occu p atio n al disease la reported to th e Ohio D epartm ent of Health doe* n o t mear, th a t a claim for com pensation has been filed with the In d u strial Commission and we are n o t interested, n o r do we have a n y Jurisdiction, in the claim phasr of this work. Tlie existence of theue regulation also docs n o t effect th e procedure o r methods of awarding or disallow ing clulina in Ohio. T he approach tow ard tike control cf o ccu p atio n al disease hazard win be based upon industry-wide studies In cooperation w ith in d u stria l m anagem ent and labor and. in m any cues, w ith th e ansalanee of technical personnel em ployed by industry itself. For example, much work is n faded in evaluating hazards la the foundry, ceramic, pottery, steel, rubber, ir.d glass Industrie and such work should be baaed u p o n industry-w ide xtadfc* in order to accum ulate d a ta w hich are sta tistic a lly sig n ifican t w ith regard to exposure them selves and to control m easures goner ally Sem e of Use stu d ie s may req u ire cooperative venture* with o th er groups w hich are in a position to carry -on necessary toxicologic*! studied or ventilation studies. T he program , as envisioned a t th is tim e, la in m any respects a longrange program based u pon a necessary cooperative approach by all concerned In fo rm a tion w hich m ay be published to an y given field will n o t divulge th e identity of Individual plants b u t wilt be valuable for general ap p licatio n th ro u g h o u t the industry concerned Individual requests from m anagem ent, labor, individuals, and other state official agencies will also bo a basis fo r activ ity in th is field, b u t th e self-in itiated stu d ies will eom.prlae th e largest p a rt of our activity. Report* will be prepared on ail activities and will be subm itted directly to p la n t m a n agement in all coses w ith the exception of requests from state official agencie, and in this c-oise, a duplicate rep o rt win be forw arded to th e m anagem ent concerned. Thin would apply to Instances w here req u ests for service are received from th e Ohio In d u strial C om mission an d th e Oblo In d u stria l R elations D ep artm en t. Any dep artu re from such a pro cedure will underm ine th e confidence which is necessary between thus D epartm ent and Industrial m anagem ent and will be fatal to continued progress. The Ohio D epartm ent cf H ealth also win carry on an Intensiva educational program as part cf its usual activities tn th e field of in d u s tria l h e a lth T h is phase Of th e w ork U considered to be m iai Im purU nt, and will be of such scope th a t It will include m edical, nurelng, and englnuorlng activ ities oh well as problem s In th e field of general h e a lth a* they m ig h t be applied to th e In d u strial p o p u la tio n . I t to our Inten tio n , as well, to u tilize the conference or ro u n d tab! diacuealoh approach to su ch problem in our various district* throughout the state b oth for th e benefit of m anagerial, safety, and labor groups. Inservice tra in in g program can be established to tra in in d u strial representative tn te c h niques and m ethods of In d u stria l hygiene w here a p la n t is interested In establishing and m aintaining a n ad equate checking system for it hazardous operations. W ithout an overell program of education, b o th m an ag em en t en d lubor group* could struggle for long period of tim e before resol vir* d Ifturoncea wu*-rc h e a lth hazards are suapacted in their plant. The preceding discussion of the regulations thrm selvea, and tb s present dissuasion of the proposed ad m in istratio n of the* reg u latio n s clearly indicate th a t the Oblo D e p a rt ment or H ealth la concerned w ith a field of activ ity w hich h as become increasingly com plex th ro u g h o u t the years T h e ad m in istratio n of vbesw regulations dem ands th a t th e Department utUlae the servirs of the m ost com patent personnel th a t can be secured There la very little room, for an Individual who c an q ualify only a* an Iftsp-ector, and. if the level of operation Is lim ited to inspection, tin? e n tire approach to this problem will be a com plete waste of lim e an d of th e taxpayers m oney, 414 Experienced m edical, chem ical, an d engineering personnel m u st l>e secured The mart J direct a n d con tin u o u s co n tact w ith ln d u try will be m ade by o u r engineering represent** rives located in d istric t offices in Ohio. In th is connection, we refer to a very definite and \ com m endable lim ita tio n w hich is placed upon th e Ohio D epartm ent of H ealth by tfer Engineers an d Surveyors R eg istratio n A ct passed by th e G eneral Assembly In 1933 aid am ended in. 1935, 1937, and 1943. T h e follow ing q u o ta tio n is m ade from th e act: "See. 1083-1, T h at in o rd er to safeguard life, h e a lth , and property, any person practicing or offering to practice the professions of engineering or of surveying, sh a ll h e re a fte r be req u ired to s u b m it evidence th a t h e is qualified so to practice and ahull be registered as hereinafter provided; and it shall be unlaw ful for any person to practice or to offer to practice th e professions of engineering or of surveying, m this state, or to use in connection with his nam e or otherwise assume, use, or advertise any title o r description te n d in g to convey th e im pression th a t Ue Is a professional engineer or surveyor, unless auch person haa been duly registered or exempted under the provisions of this act." "Sec. 103-2. The term "Professional E n g in es;" us used In th is act shall mean a person who, by reason of bis knowledge of m athem atics, the physical sciences, and th e principle* of engineering, acquired by profes sional education an d p ractical experience, la qualified to engage in en gineering practice as h erein n iter defined* [ The practice of professional engineering w ithin the meaning and la te n t of this act Includes any professional service, auch as consultation. Investigation, evaluation, planning, design, or responsible supervision of construction or operation, in connection with any public or privately j owned public utilities, stru ctu res, build Inga, m achines, equipm ent, proc esses, works or projects, w herein th e public welfare, or th e safeguarding of life, p u b lic h e a lth or p ro p e rty is concerned or involved, w hen such professional service requires th e application of engineering principles ! or data." The provisions of th is a c t have been adhered to by th e Division of Sanitary Engineer Ing of th e Ohio D ep artm ent of H ealth sin ce l t i e n a c tm e n t in 1933, and th e requirement* fo r engineers to be employed In our D ivision of In d u s tria l Hygiene will be no less strict lb th is respect. The R egistration A ct req u ires th e in d iv id u al to pass a n exam ination tn his field an d also requires a m inim um of four years experience following graduation boo an accredited engineering college, university or technical school. We will endeavor to em ploy reg istered chem ical engineers fo r th is work and industry an d labor m ay be assured th a t th e potso n n el w iu be th e m o st com petent a n d experienced w hich can be obtained In th e field. S u p p lem en tary necessary services also w ill be avafiafeb in th e fields o f m edicine an d ch em istry to ro u n d o u t th e p ictu re. A dditional services hi th e fields o f n u tritio n , tuberculosis co n tro l, a n d venereal disease control also will be avail able through the respective divisions of the Ohio D epartm ent of Health, T h is e n tire developm ent Is one m ore exam ple of th e tre n d tow ard specialization both in respect to industrial hygiene itself, a n d to th e personnel neces&ary to carry on tU required work. T here are those w ho deplore su c h an Increasing trend in life's actlvtttca. b u t, w ith increasing scientific know ledge of disease an d th e ir control, th e finld of public h e a lth h a s become too broad to expect any one m an u> be a m aster of ita m any arte, cr to b e a m a ste r of al3 phases o f any one p a rtic u la r b ran ch . Life is too sh o rt to expect midi an expansion o f Individual ta le n t, a n d , a t th e sam e tim e, to expect th a t a m tlfactory Job will bo done In a particular phase. Tire O hio Board of H ealth had th e vision to recognise th e p o ten tialities of th e cent* a n ational disease problem as e**riy as 1913 a n a we believe t h a t th e e n actm en t of our tosst recen t regulations concerning in d u stria l h e a lth problem s w ill place Ohio once again os i leader am ong the several states, a n d will c o n s titu te & significant co n trib u tio n ftowen! Increasing th e p ublic's oonscloupness an d In terest in a m a tte r which. In th e long run affects so m any thousands of families In th e S uite of Ohio C hairm an Berkey: Mr. JSrnie Beck, w ho has trav elled year a fte r year a Jot of nUict ! who baa shown so m uch interest in these m eetings, is bore again th is m orning and brt : always got som ething in teresting, so m eth in g good u> tell us. Mr. Beck, I wonder If you will say something a t this tim e? Mr. Beck: Well, we've h eard a lo t a b o u t sta tic . I t take a m an like Professor Bewfe to come hero and toll u* a few of th e th in g s th a t he's been studying on an d I've fcfctt stu d y in g som e of hie works as h e knows, and th e boy in Akron have been closer ft 41P P/oiesHor Beach th a n I have because I understand. he has sp e n t m any h ours in Akron on this problem of s ta tic co n tro l. We h ave fl.ro In in d u stry a n d we have Area in th e ru bber industry# m any of them , but w h a t pleases m e Is th e c o n tro ls t h a t we have over tho Arcs. In o th er words# It* n o t what we know , b u t vh& t w e d o a b o u t it, Now we h av en 't all th e answers on static# b u t we have some of th e answer o n lire control, and if I m ig h t m en tio n th e company th a t I represent, wa have over forty plant, representing over #200,000.000 Insured value and probably an o th er $100,000,000 of finished goods a n d goods in process, mad w e keep a very careful record o f every tire an d th e loss of every tire . Wa have a fire contest. I d o n 't know w hether you ever heard of a fire contest o r not. 1 never did u n til I was told to s ta r t one, and I looked around and couldn't get m u ch help, to a n X did was to o k th e severity a n d frequency of fires an d we took th e severity o f first compared w ith th e Insured value a n d th e frequency of fires, an d we m u ltiplied th e two rate a n d w e got a q u o tie n t t h a t are could use. Alongside c t th a t we p u t our loss ratio. Six years ago we h ad a fire loss, United States R ubber Company, including th e Canadian plants, of which we have about eight, of something like $45,003 a year. T h e n e x t year we c u t th a t down to $40,000 a n d th e n e a t year to $33,000, a n d th e n e x t year to ab o u t $30,000, $33,000. Every year we red u ce our Ore lessee. X w e n t to th e F acto ry M utual whom we ail adm lro a n d I asked o u r insu ran ce carrier who happened lo be th e Arkwright, how our ratio com pared w ith others, a n d I was tery m uch plea>ed a n d su rp rised w hen he told me t h a t we were below th e ir average for our Insured values. T h a t pleased m e and X knew th a t we co u ld n 't co n tin u e th a t way, and sure enough la s t y ear, according to th e old law of averages, we g o t a w&Hop a n d o u r fire losses last year w ere Ju s t dou b le w h a t they were th e year before. B u t tw o of th o se fires were responsible fo r a b o u t h a lf of o u r to. Now a stran g e th in g did happen. During those fifteen yearn, fellow*, we increased our fire a h u n d re d p er c e n t. Now X th in k one reason fo r th e increase in fire was th Increase In Interest, In re p o rtin g Area. I n o th e r word. It'e n o t w h at you know b u t w h at you do bout it. We w ent after th e repo rtin g of those fires, and we found o u t th a t m any of th em were static tires, so wc d id a ll t h a t w e could to stop o u r s ta tic fire*. W e even grounded our young ladles an d h u m id ity control. We still hum idify as m any o th e r ru b b e r m a n u fa c turers do, We grounded and wo used the neutralizer and we a looking fo r th e latent which I u n d erstan d recently two or three new p e rt have come o u t w ith some new recommendations, an d we have got to keep up to the times. My advice fo r ug all is to keep th is questio n before us. 1 was on a s ta tic com m ittee twenty years ago and they th o u g h t they had all the answer*. They w anted to discontinue the com m ittee. I said. *`Oh, no/* a n d th a t com m ittee stayed in existence for m any, m any years. How we h eard a little yesterday ab o u t th e fault* of m anagem ent. Vtc will alw ays hear a few thing ab o u t th e fa u lts of m anagem ent, an d I t's probably h ealth y th a t we ahould. By th e tune to k e n Xth in k t h a t i t m ig h t also be stated , Xknow Xc a n n o t help b u t feel this, fellows, because X have b een very close to th e ru b b er Industry for m any years# an d the one th in g t h a t h a s surp rised m e personally Is w liat rubber m a n u fa c tu rers have do n e In the last fivo years in m anagem ent. Now w hen th e war b ro k e o u t we were forced in to m unitions. We were farced Into many operations th a t we h a d never been in before, and I've been extrem ely pleased and I th in k you'll agree w ith m e, w ith th e Way big m anagem ent took th a t responsibility. They rent in to field o f activ ity th a t they had nt'ver been In before. I n my com pany, w h a t do we know ab o u t explosives? And yet wo ra n eig h t m u n itio n plants- We m ade m illions of pounds of TNT. million* of round* of th irty and fifty caliber am m unition, loaded m illions of forty m illim eter sheila, and fellows, during the whole period of th e W orld W ar we did n o t lose one life due to * fire or an explosion In any of our m unitio n plant. As a m a tte r of fact th a t goes for all of c u r p la n ts. N ot one liie vtoa lost d u e to a fire o r explosion. T h a t w asn 't th e fa u lt of any o n e m a n ; t h a t w asn 't wholly th e fa u lt of m anagem ent. I t was th e fa u lt of everybody working together, every body cooperating, everybody realizing w hat th e ir Job wait, th a t th ey hod o n e big Job and it had to be done and U had to be done safely, and It was done safely. Now m y experience in th e U nited State R ubber Company Is probably n o different than the experience of othor companies, b u t T Just w ant our labor boys to get th a t pic ture. S ta tic 1 one b ig problem , b u t wc c a n 't spend all o u r tim e on sta tic . We c a n 't pood oil our tim e on labor. We've g o t to t u r n o u t som e p roduction, and it'e got to b e quality p ro d u ctio n a t a price, end we con do it If we all work together. Ju st *s we did d u rin g th e W orld War. \ 416 W an w orked to g e th e r a a d we -did o n e w hole of a lob. ancS It give* roe g re a t deal <4 plo&aur^ to com h ere a n d ju s t m * y o u r th ia k u tg b e c a m e 1 th in k e lot o f th e rubber .$* d u a try |& $h &i*t% o f Ohio, I try n o t to mis* y o u r Oonarv*# f J tu i com e fro m a how Y?l Cornere* butt w eek. T h ere were o v er e ig h t th o u sa n d people dow n in i*ft&ay1vanJa 8<ui l a New Y ork Loot w eek, w ith a fo u r-d a y conference. T h e y h a d a ep len d k t session a n d H pleas m e to feel t h a t n o tim e ta b e in g lost. g ro u n d ip b ein g dat o n a c c id e n t p re v e n tio n , a n d It' fellow lik e you t h a t ww rely os b ecau se n o o n e p a rso n can carry th e boil, i t a a gam e w here we have *H g o t to work to g tb w a n d 1 fee', t h a t th a t am s e n tim e n t la being exp re tte d a t a h o f y o ttt s to i ht in O hio, * it la expressed in o m a n y e th e r ee&skx&s. W# d o n 't w a n t to t ik p e n a ltie s. I ju s t re a d th is to o k . ;h first Uro T \e *.&er. when y o u w a n t to c h arg e th e se fellow s U th e y ckm't p u t on In c h gas inaaiw W ell. gentkiaw . if w* h a d ta rta d doing t h a t we'd h a v e b een rich today, b u t th a th in g to g e t them to <fc U r e a l ! w hy th e y arts d o in g it. T h e y 're th e o n es th a t are going to pay th e price. O ur b ig g e st Job Is a c tin g . We Can b rin g o u r Professors 1 to da o u t en g in e e r In* lea, a n d w# c a n go to w ork a n d p u t i*x o u r m a c h in e s, a n d cuur g u a rd s a n d in p its of It *&, A ju a t h a p p e n e d only la st week, la o n e a f o u r p la n ts, a hoy eager to dcs a piece of vvtK lu m p e d u p o n a conveyor n in e fe e t fro m th e floor a n d w ith o u t a n y c h a n c e of holding, tv fa ils over a n d he la n d e d o h!* h e a d , w as u n c o n s c io u s ta k e n to th e h o s p ita l, ana ifer poor fellow died. He w m m e n ta lly d is tu rb e d w h e n h e d id It because hi wife was In th e h o sp ita l wtd t h e i r m baby, Now im ag in e a c o n d itio n like th a t, Is sh at m a n a g e m e n t' fa u H l S* ?. t h e m a n ' f a u lt? T h e u n io n 's f a u lt? I th in k we*ve all g o t a p a r t to play, every one of m T h e m a n sh o u ld h av e been cureiuU y supervi*e<5 h u t w hen d id it h a p p e n ? P o u r o'clcd o n a S u n d a y m o rn in g B ecause t h a t 's vhi-r, th e w ork we b rin g do n e a m i th e fetksr wax m entally distu rb ed. Now ta it m a n a g e m e n t's re sp o n sib ility to know th a m e n ta l c o n d itio n of those cues a n d if a m a n 1 m e n ta lly d is tu rb e d we s h o u ld n 't ask h ire to Jeo pardise h is inter**, bet you know how anger m en are tc do a p ro d u c tio n job. T hey d o n 't th in k of thantwiv T h e y 'll ju m p tn th e re In o rd er to g e t th e conveyor going, aw l eo l*H os awaums tw re sp o n sib ility t h a t we a re o u r b ro th e r's keeper, t h a t v t have a n in te re s t in hm and bt ho* a n In te re s t In us so t h a t w h en we gee a ro a n Jeapardutlng hi ow n inter****, that v* J u s t ta p h im o n th e ah w ider a n d j u s t say. "3 u d d y , look o u t, you're going to fail ** 2 know 2 w ould Uke to get closer to o u r m en . W henever I p a t in to a p la n t I *l*n tak e advantage of ta lk in g o t th e m en, ta lk in g to th e forem an an d ta lk in g to th e worlucax b e c a u se I k now th e y f*l. "W all, h e re 's a ch ap fro m New T u rk , he* g ot a ll th e a n re e n ' I h a v e n 't g o t a d th e an sw ers b u t I h av e got a few th o u g h t* t h a t t c m |iti th em so t h a t they ctm for a few h o u rs longer probably practice th eir p ro d u c tio n a huk wafer. So t h a t te o u r Job, fellows, a n d I know t h a t each a n d very one of you re deiti U, 1 th a n k you fApplause.) C h a irm a n B e rk e y : Mr. W a lte r S c h n e id e r a I to ld you yesterday, couUt n o t be bew b e c a u se he wa* in a n o th e r \"y Im p o r ta n t m ooting. Ket b h ere today a n d 2 d o u b t wbetiac W a lte r znloses very m an y of these act tor*. a n d 1 th in k possibly he m ig h t have z.u*ntfclsf to say at this tunc. M r. W a lte r S c h n e id e r; Mr. B crkcv r.tvd LucUrs a n d Q<m tin m e n ' 1 m very happy tel* h e re to d ay . 2 e n jo y the* Concresstes ar*d 7 like to rem iew e* w ith E ruio Bo;'k k ra ii k t fa v o rite ? m in e an d I d o n 't m in d to llin g h m so; he know ;t l th in k he ha the proper c n ihi* whole problem a u d I f u n k If v.o Jl loec t h a t roetl* jd of a p p ro a c h ;n o u r a tte m p t to woive D tx problem , w vcuiU be m u c h liifiki th a n we or today. C h airm an Berk?: Now these is u c c tb e r ctu n here w h o hav titn v a le t tcwards v ra n g in g for th e room ?, th e p a c t, th e tab les, th e blackboard an ti w h a t h a v e you. Eh p re s e n t in t h e ro o m rig h t now . I d n k e to ask Mr. W. . P e m n * .Safety A dvisor for Atb la iid . W ayne, M edina. C uyahoga. P cr;* g e a n d S u m m it C o u n ties, tf h e ba* uoouuacr to may' Mr. WMb u r P M riin ; U on tlam e n. L.r,,:?:<_'* I i t a p.enatirr to he here a m i ferr'ti.g it* room fo r yoti U) m eet, a n d i t ' very g ra tify in g to m th e a d v a n ta g e t h a t la being whs by all of you because o u r a tte n d a n c e 1 m u ch g re a te r th a n it wa# tw o year* ago S'm n o t going to &>' very m u c h m ere, only th a t itv Mr Bvrievy att*d. t!:c ertntia w h ic h 2 repreunnt for th e I n d u s tr ia l C om m iss lor. of Ohio, she nivi** o n ::i Safety im K yiflcne I m a t yo u r wsrvice a t ar.y tim e you call on sue I I I bo clud to com e a n d m yes h * ;p jrm m any wav I can w ith your aafety. m OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE HAZARDS -- THEIR CAUSE AND CONTROL SECTION Thursday Morning Session, April 18, 1946 1 T in s avsnon of O ccu p atio n al D iabase H azards- T h e ir C auses an d O om rol at th e All o B air it C o ag reis wag called t o o rd er a t 9:30 o 'clock by D r, A. L. K efairver. A ssistan t n*rv*eor. M edical S ectio n , I n d u s tr ia l CemmissUm of O hio C hairm an R efauver: Weil genUftruen. we w ill open ou r session on O ccupational fe-user,, T h e ir H am rda, Cau* a n d C ontrol. O ccu p atio n al diseases h av e existed ever '* W;v Um r t h a t m an first o cgan to work an d && civ ilizatio n becam e very com plex lu io s d s and the Incidents of the disease as a resu lt of th e ir work becam e greater, *-t! now we are co n fro n U d w ith th e g re a te st arm y a n d v a rie ty of c o n d itio n s m a n k in d *ver experienced Ui his corm ng u p ito m e a ily civ U iiatlo n . N othing w#.# ever dorse tch about occupatirm nJ diseases utnU th e near past I t was an accepted ihUig. atul s eoruddered as being inevitable, Every piaster was supposed to have bis bout w ith in ter's colic and every m i tier, o r certain percentage of miner, w as supposed to have liens' asth m a. T h an ih e ie were som e pioneers who star tad c u t and th o u g h t som ething said be done sh o u t th is th in g : th a t it w asn 't necessarv to have these thing* They re alone in th e ir Held w h en th ey a m sta rte d , am i th e y were really p ie n c m . b u t ey were p efaev ertn s a n d m u c h progress was made u n til now th e ir efforts *;c Ju st glulling to be felt. New ranteriai* are being found from day to day and developed and are being used !q au*lry, but even r,iw m aterial often bring along new hazards to the Individual workg w ith them , M any m suirixis were developed during th e war which we are going to * is th e poetw ar period ia u id n s u y . and th a t la a oew chaJleoge to th e laduaurlal bye n lii to ace w h a t if kny effect th e se m a te ria ls sxe going to h av e on th e In d iv id u al. U `e ds problem of pc*twsyr In d u s tria l hygiene t h a t o u r first sp eak er is g o in g to Laik to u s se n t tc-3ny. Mr. F. 8 . M alett* has b ees asso ciated w ith th e F ire sto n e T ire & R ubber om paay for the past four years la charge at th e Industrial hyidenc sc tiv lfle t He cam e Akron tram th e Mellow I n s titu te of P ittsb u rg h . JSefore t h a t h e did p riv ate cooauiitioa work m in d u strial h y g ie n e w hile at F tm to n * he pioneered in resmurch on th e caith tiarurd* of a y n th n lc rubber m aterials as they were used in th e m anufacture of ynUjatic rubber UnUi recently be was staff representative of th e M edical Section of ha H *inm al S a ia ty C ouncil He> <SI4 g ra d u a te work a t th e U n iv ersity of M ichigan. Itts b u r g h a n d C hicago A t th e p re se n t tim e h e is associated $u sp e cia l research p ro r e ^ in ixuiuxti iai Toxicology n t O hio S ta te University. I t gives mtr g re a t ptoksurc to in tro d u c e to so u M r. F. S. M sU ettc, w ho will uow gpcak h "H ig h lig h ts of P o stw ar I n d u s tr ia l Hyglewc." M r. M aiiette. in m iL IG H T S OF POSTWAR INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE Mr. F. S. M altette, ludu& tm i Hyf*enUl and Toxicologist, T h e F ires to n T ire A' R u b b er Com pany, Akron, Ohio Well, sine*? th e w ar ended then* have been ch an g es b ro u g h t a b o u t irs In d u stry w hich 2 w t aii o? u* Vs in d u s tria l hygiene. F or In stan ce, d u rin g th e w ar th e re w*s a tr e m endous pressure for production-* pioduction was p rim ary : everything eUc was sscocilwry C ontracts were let by th e O ovcsiunent, the Army an d Navy, and com panies Ju st killed th e m s d re * ha p u t o u t tu e first u n i t to r th a t c o n tra c t, a n d In t h a t proce**, m i say. ev ery thing else was disregarded, an d one of th e thing w hich caused a great deal of trouble was th e disreg ard fo r th e p re se n c e of th e in d u s tria l h e a lth UarwrcU. Many co m p an ies wnt late the of products of which they had ao ex p erien ce at all They bad littiif fcaowlede of th e t*cbntc& l aspects of th e product, to say n o th in g of th e pn- *tnce j Ray Lealth bxnurda that ttiight be associated with it. 54$ 546 For Instan ce, I know o f ah a v ia tio n com pany w hich landed very lu crativ e con tra c ts foe th e production of barrage balloon, and it looked like a sim ple process, All you did wad to c u t up ru b b erised fabric and affix th e seams w ith ru b b e r cem ent Just like doing dreesmaicltig. Ob. it was easy to teach girls to do, and they turn! them o u t * t a very rapid rat, b u t u n fo rtu n ately th e cem ent they were u sin g contained benzol. They never bad aoy experience w ith it; they never thought anything might occur, and soon th e girls began to fee] weak, show signs of anem ia, nausea, effects from using the cem ent containing bensoi. Thin company had to stop production and install ven tilatio n control m ethod a n d m eth o d s to keep track of th e people* h e a lth while th e y were w orking w ith the m a te ria ls, a n d in th e long ru n . of course, th e y h ad lost ground because they had lost tim e in b aitin g production while they caught u p with some knowledge on the facte th e y should have bad before they started the work. There should now b e acme ease in t h e face of th a t. Of course now we are changed over to re* conversion, b u t let ua lean* th e lessen we d id d u rin g th e war. n o t ru sh In to thing too hastily. Let' stu d y th e prooese w hich o u r com panies are going in to in th e rvooa* version program . Much can be done If th e plans and operations ore studied ahead cf tim e so th a t the presence of Industrial h ealth hazards and Industrial injury hamrtfe are foreseen and precaution taken against them, Among th e changes w hich th e en d of th e w ar has b ro u g h t a b o u t 1 th e change lit th e type of personnel. We an know how th e com panies had to scrape th e b o tto m of the barrel for people to fill th e ir p la n ts a fte r th e m en had gone away to war, and, of course, there ware m any cf th e young, very young, many of the old, m any who were poor la b aalth and poor In m ental equipm ent w ho had to be utilised, and exposing those people to induatrlal health hazard* and poisons of course was on even greater danger th a n exposing people In th e prim e of h ealth selected for th eir physical fitness; *o we sh o u ld begin to p erh ap s g et away fro m some of th a t. In addition we should get away from th e problems which arose ae a reeult at tbs large n u m b er of women in Indus,try. 2 d o n 't need to elaborate on th e problem s which women b ro u g h t In. T here have been speakers a t previous m eetings here an d It* a nub* J e d which woe worked over again and again, and I am sure you are oil fam iliar with th e problem s w hich women b ro u g h t Into in d u stry . Well, now women are beginning to d rift o u t o f in d u stry ag ain an d each tim e, a fte r each w ar an d after th e Influx of women In to Industry there are always a num ber of them who are retained b u t It Isn't anything like th e problem it woe four or five year ago when I know I hod thousand* of women to th in k about a n d whose h ea lth I hod to consider, and for roe, X had to have special regard because of th e ir vuecepnblilty to th e Industrial h ealth hazard*. W ith th e change brought ab o u t by th e end o f th e war th ere have come m any new developments. First of all I am going to apeak bout the legal developm ents which have appeared since th en an d fleet of all t w an t to cay a little a b o u t th e Ohio Industrial H ealth Dodo w hich M recen tly adopted by th e Public H ealth Council an d w hich will becom e effective Ja n u ary i, 1047. T h is oode h as been discussed tw ice already a t these meetings by engineer Joseph Flanagan, of th e Division of Industrial Hygiene of the Health Deportm ent, but 1 do w ant to say a word In passing; if you haven't already seen the Coda or heard ab o u t it. I suggest you get copies from th e Health. D ep artm en t and study it. because there piobabty is no Industry in Ohio w hich w o n 't be effected by it In some m an n er or other. The stan d ard s which the Cede contain are those w hich ora accepted by authorities In th e field and I urge your cooperation and support fo r the able people tn whose hands th e adm inistration of this Code lies. A nother developm ent in th e sam e field Is the proposed revision of th e safety cod of pacific requirem ents of th e Ohio In d u stria l Commission w hich wore p etitio n ed for by several lab o r organizations b u t In p a rtic u la r by th e steel workers and ru b b er workers* union. A hearing has already been held on th is subject and th e proposals h a te been tak en in to ocnalderaUon. In general, th e principle of th e propceed ru b b e r workers* code, th e o n ly one w ith w h ich X am fa m ilia r--! am n o t fam iliar w ith th e keel workers' code--b u t In general th e p rin c ip le s refer to th e prevention o f accidental in ju ry , but th ere are a few which relate to Industrial health and san itatio n , and I am going to call your attention to them , T h e firs t p a n of th e proposed Code deal w ith th e purpose an d 2cope, d efin itio n of term *, p a rt four, for instance. deaU w ith safety requirem ent. Section 1 U on '`floor*,** Section 2, "aisle, corridor, stairw ay," p a r t Five deals w ith `machinery*' S ectio n I with "Types of m achinery*', action 2. '`Sw itches an d other electrical ap p ejatu # '*. Section 3, - "M ill roll height*'. Section 4, "S afely -trip controls and quick atop facilities", Section 5, `'S a fe ty -trip co n tro l calendar,'* S ection 6, "B atch off conveyors", an d Section 7, levators" P a rt 6 deal w ith th e d e te rm in a tio n of distanoe cf travel; th a t la for broke on mJji* and calender*. P art 7 deals w ith "Device* for protect Jen", Section J o f th a t with 547 Sards", s o d thee, in flection 2 w e b e g i n t o g e t i n t o som e oS th e p n r tv w hich interest, in dustrial health . Section 2 deals w ith `'C lothing, respirator a n d goggles" Ail i unusable m eans hall be used to elim in ate co n d itions o f e x p o r t t h a t m ig h t cause g injury, Eye shield or eultaM e safety goggles hall b s provided by the employer \ fcere th ere ie any danger of eye In ju ry from em ery, dying chips, h o t aoftlo, h o t liquid, >torn or dashes. Employers hall fu rn ish em ployees engaged In a it or and blasting i respirators, hoods o r belm enU ad a p te d to th e w ork to be done. T h is n aitty equip-* [seat ball b ear th e approval of th e 0 . 3 . B ureau of Mine. "The p a ra m o u n t d u ty of every em ployer to m a in ta in th e a ir of alt work room* and ' d place in a safe an d h ealth y co n d itio n a t all tim es ts hereby recognised and affirmed, \ teraperstlon fa w hich tb ia is n o t possible, suitable respiratory protective equipm ent haU j a provided for all employee exposed th e re to an d It sh a ll be w orn by them . Such [ sh all boar th e approval of th e XT, 3. B u reau of M ines." While th is is th e ru b b er workers* proposed revision I am su re t h a t all e th e r In- f fames, th steel workers and fo u n d ry 'workers an d so on will co n tain sim ilar pro- j pots for o p eratio n s in w hich th is 1 n e t possible; t h a t Is w here It can be kept 1n a . and h ealth y condition. `Suitable glove, fcocte, apron a n d goggles a n d e th e r protective clothing shall be | totished by th e employer and w orn b j th e employees engaged In the use of uSphum, : racistt* or o th e r acids, o r sol vents, o r pigm ents w hich may be In jurious to the employee." ; lie word "p ig m e n ts'4 In th e ru b b er in d u stry refers t o m aterials In general th a t are used Ia compounding rubber. Part 0 deala w ith the subject of V entilation. Section l, "W here smoke, steam, fumes. I pies or d u sts arising from any of th e operations In a ru bber bop m ay be injurious to he health o r safety oi th e employees, th e re hall be installed a n d operated proper tooda, Ian o r other m eans of v en tila tio n of su fficient capacity to rem ove such smoke, c arc. fume, gases or dust. '"Employees whose work exposes th e m or m ay expose d a m to mbetanoes of m o b H&rdous n a tu re t h a t a close w atch tm th eir co n d itio n Is advisable m ay be given regular woccasional physical exam ination as a check o n th e adequacy cf th e preventative mens- ex* used, provided, however, th a t th e findings o f each such exam ination shall be available ti all tim es fo r exam in atio n by a p hysician of tb s em ployee's choosing and any am- ploy* ao exam ined may have a check exam ination m ade by a ph y sician of hie choice "All mix mill*, ban bury mixer, w arm -u p m ills, tu b e m achines, tra in ere an d eaientfam tht'J tm equipped w ith proper an d sufficient v e n tila tio n . "All spreader m achines, d ip u n its, a n d ironers, shall be equipped w ith proper And aifljfclent v en tilatio n to safety rem ove all fum es a n d gases. "AU cem ent m ixers used in th e m ixing o f solvent an d th e d e p a rtm e n t in w hich they we located sh all be properly v en tilated so as to rem ove nil fum es a n d gene em ittin g therefrom. "AH spreader m achine, calendars, dtp u n its, o r cem en t m ixers sh a ll have proper datic control, hum idification a n d fire eq u ip m en t in stalled and operated. "Where moke, fum es, gases, or duet arising from any of th e operation m a rubber top may be Injurious to th e h e a lth of th e employee, m easurem ents hall be m ade by * cofcupetent v en tilatin g engineer designated by th e employer for th a t purpose, an d *11 such m easurem ent of atr conditioning shall have th e approval of th e Ohio In d u strial Commission. T his sh&U apply also to in stallatio n a n d typo of eq u ip m en t ued, Bart 9. "M aintenance an d Insp ectio n . A dally visual Inspection of all m achine unit* it Which solvents or gases are used shall be m ad e by a com petent employe designated bf the employ to do so. Such inspection shall cover static control, hum idification, & protection an d ven tU attae. "Chains, cables, tram ralls. trolleys, straps, rope, sling, electric hoiaW, spreader hecka. irei bars, and aafeUes ban. prior to th e ir use, be inspected dally a* to th e ir safety by tbe men preparing and using th e sam e, and in a d d itio n , a reg u lar inspection sa to th eir tttajr shall be made once a week by an employee designated by th e employer for th a t purpose. This goes on w ith fu rth e r Inspection of m ach in es a n d eq u ip m en t. Part 10, '"Keating and L ighting. W here lig h t Is insufficient to properly light th e rubber hop, artificial lig h t of sufficient pow er sh all he provided. All atelewaya, cor ridor*, passageways an d stairways Shall be properly lighted a t alt time, "Where lig h t is lu su & cien t to properly U gbt th e a re a In w h ich work is performed, mf&clal lig h t of sufficient pow er sh a ll be provided. "A m inim um tem p eratu re of 05 degrees F a h re n h e it sh all be provided and m aintained 1 *11 time* In any section of shop w here em ployers are required to be *t w eek" User 3 don,`t th in k they th o u g h t th a t th ro u g h very carefully, because obviously tf tt'a MB StS oqtalde you h a v e to go to m e to p ro d u c e a te m p e r a tu re of 6$ inside, a n d invariably-- anyway, th e ch a n g e w ould be tre m e n d o u s . 65 In th e W in ter tim e 1 ju s t a b o u t ufftdeak They probably w in work over th a t section. Section 11, "S a n ita tio n and com fort. S u itab le facilities shall be provided employ* fo r drying th eir clothing w hen necessary; s u c h facilities ball be located in th e trash* room,, locker room or in a room used exclusively for th a t purpose, "Inside san itary w ater closets shall bo provided In every ru b b er chop an d for each sex according to th e following ta b le:-- " T hey glvn a table providing for the num ber of w ater dentate w hich I believe follows th e public h e alth service code fairly closely. P ot instance, fo r one to eight persons you provide one a n d from 66 to 138, six. The ratio run one for eight, one for ten one for siaven, on# for seventeen, and one to tw enty-three, "P er every u n it of sh or fra c tio n a l p a r t th ereo f in ex case of 139 persons employed two additional water eioscie shall be provided . M esi m odern plant provide better facility th an this calls lor. "All toilet facilities sh all he com pletely separate from locket and washrooms. 'All w ater closet* a n d to ile t scat# s h a ll be p ro p erly eterU lxed reg u la rly o n e each Mil *'In every lu b b e r shop th e re sh a ll be provided on# u rin al. W here m ore th an U o r less# th a n SO m ales a rc em p lo y ed , tw o 'u rin als sh a ll be pro v id ed a n d th e re a fte r o a d d itio n a l u rin a l sh a ll he p ro v id ed fo r every 80 m oles em p lo y ed or f ra c tio n a l port therert. A t least five lin ear of tro u g h or s la b u rin a ls sh all b e considered e q u iv ale n t of one nrlaiL "W ash b a sin s w ith a n a d e q u a te su p p ly o f h o t a n d cold w ate r sh a ll b# supplied ac c o rd in g to th e follow ing ta b le -- T h e re ag a in I believe it follow * th e P u b lic Health S ervice Code. >'or in sta n c e , fro m 46 to 65 p erso n a yo u p ro v id e five w ash b asin s. That 1) a r a tio of on# fo r 13. "For each ad d itio nal 20 employees a t least one ad d itional w ash basin shall he pro vided. Twenty linear inches of sin k shall be considered eq u iv alen t of one wash baata "Soap and paper towels shall be supplied wherever there is a wash basin. `'W ashroom s w here id to 36 m en a rc employed, shall to# pro tided w ith a t lead th re e bower baths with an am ple supply of h o t and cold water, and lo r every addiuo^ 35 men, three additional shower b a th s shall be provided. W here m en are employed fz shifts the came ratio of shower baths shall be provided for each shift of employe. "Employee* to a rubber shop w ho com e in c o n ta c t vlifc pigm ents, s o d s, load or eo'.vents ah all bo supplied w ith soap ar*d turkfcb tow els fa r bower baths. "Individual type locker oe least elx feet 1 h eig h t and 13 by 18 inches In s m easurem ents, w ith hinged doors arranged for locking, sh a ll be provided for emplayto and shall be placed In & room adjoining th e opening Into th e washroom. "All AlslfWaya betw een th e lookers boll bo a t least five fe e t wide between tbe rows of lockers, an d sludl be m ain tain ed a t th is distance a t all tim es. "Employee working w ith pigm ents, acids, lead or solvent* sh all have one lock for dirty clothes and one clean clothes. *AU washrooms and lock- room s shell be well lighted and ventilated and kept te a clean, eacitary condition a t all tim es, and when in uae shall be maintained st i tem perature of n o t Ices th a n 70 degrees F a h re n h e it " Alt washrooms and looker room s sh all have ad eq u ate m irrors for th e use of lfct em ploye. "AH show er a n d w ash ro o m s &h&U b e su p p lie d w ith a d e q u a te h o t a n d cold water. "'S anitary d rin k in g f o u n ta in s sliall bs provided th ro u g h o u t th e ru bber shop by to em ployer. "T h e g en e ral S an ita ry ru le of th e I n d u s tr ia l Ccrom issio n of O hio sh a ll apply la 2 m u tters not spcclttcally. cover! in th is section P a rt 12 denis w ith th e su b je c t of F irst Aid. "T he following provision* sh*H M issv fo r F irst Aid, to be used in case o f in ju ry u n til a regular pbyvlrian take charge: " In every ru b b e r shop th e re sh a ll b e a F irst Aid dispensary, fully equipped with Arm aid supplies t h a t baa m a st ih e first aid requirem ents of th e Ohio In d u strial cpmmtetlc* "All su ch dispensaries sh all be replenished, following a n accident, according ta to requirem ent of th e Division of S afety an d Hygiene of th e Ohio In d u strial Commialoa "Alt rubber shop# nlmll have some rninpotont pi*r*in train ed in ftrat aid to work m nil shifts for th e purpose of ndm lnW terlng first aid jn envie of accident, and they tut be acquainted w ith dispensary first aid supplies, an d also p reviled w ith a list ahovtat th e nam es and telephone num ber* of co m p eten t physicians, hospitals and ambulacra In ease cf serious accident. "The above m entioned provisions will not be required w herr u p lan t hoapltol dmtbf room or dispensary w ith supplies in excess of the ubovo is m ain tain ed and who* i com petently tra in e d p erro n 1# regularly employed to superv***i such p la n t bosplul' a Mow. fo r th o se w ho c a n e in a fte r 1 b e g a n to re a d th U , thi U * p r opoood ro tls io a whloh h a s b e e n s u b m itte d to th e O hio in d u s tr ia l C o m m issio n toy th e ru b b e r w ork ers' u n io n Aod ft m e e tin g was held to consider It an d it ie now bein g c o n iid e re d e n d p ro b ably fu rth e r hearing will be held. Well, t h a t p re tty well cover th e legal developm ent, a t le a st in th e state o f O hio. Of co u rse th e r e have been d ev elo p m en ts o u ts id e o f O hio. F o r in sta n c e , o th e r s ta te s have p assed O c c u p a tio n a l D isease C o m p en satio n h aw s a n d 3 th in k th e r e wo* 0 0 of the la s t few s ta te s t h a t d id n 't have t t paseed & w o rk m en 's co m p en satio n law , b u t of most in terest to those m the protection of the w orkers' h ealth were th e technical developm ents w hich cam e o u t of th e w ar, a n d lik e a n y o th e r HI w ind, th e w ar blew some good. One of th e m ost interesting and strik in g developm ents cam* o u t of the develop ment of th e ato m bom b. X d o n 't suppose th e re is a m eeting being bold anyw here today which d o e sn 't som ehow or other get around to th e ato m bom b, an d we are n o differen t hem, b u t b e fo re th e developm ent of th e a to m bom b--th e se th in g s are b eg in n in g to leak cut. T h ere h a s n 't been any too m uch provided in the way of info rm atio n yet. Of course, th e y knew th ere were dangerous radiations w hich w ould be present and lo r w hich protection m u st be provided. Probably there were no new types of radiation b u t th ere were c o m p o u n d s o f n e u tro n s for w hich co n tro l m easu res h a d to be provided. Now. i f th e promised developm ent of atom ic power, n u clear energy ever reaches a peace-tim e degree of d e v e lo p m e n t so t h a t I t can be used in in d u s try , w e m ay h av e to be faced w ith thiK very s o rt o f th in g , so we can profit by th e th in g s w h ic h th e y learn ed in th e a to m ic bomb p ro ject. Well, In general, they found th a t if they b u ilt th eir buildings a little thicker th a t It took p retty good care of these Increased and intensified radiations. They found th a t th ic k e r concrete wall provided ex cellent p ro tectio n . However, they h a d to train all o f th e ir personnel to recognise and und erstan d these hazards to w hich they were exposed a n d to ta k e adv&ntago of th e in fo rm a tio n w h ich was developed to p ro te c t them ag a in st it. They also developed m any new and extrem ely accurate In stru m e n ts to detect th e s e ra d ia tio n s a n d 0 fa r th e re h as b een very little d ivulged as to th e ir c h a ra c te r, but we can surm ise th a t they probably operate on principles w hich were known before tbe ato m ic bo m b developed. In addition they h ad to develop m ethod* of m onitoring, th a t la d e te c tin g c n a c o n tin u o u s b asis th e a m o u n t o f ra d ia tio n to w h ich e a c h of th e workers w as exposed, an d th ere has been a little d ata com ing o u t on th a t, h u t th ey u*ed many of th e m ethods w hich had previously been used in protection against X -ray. For instance, th e badges w hich th e workers wore lo r identification contains a sm all piece of p h o to g ra p h ic film a n d th o se w ere collected p erio d ically a n d developed, and. th e a m o u n t of effect u p o n t h e film wa m easu red a n d In t h a t w ay th e y c o u ld te ll Ju*t w h a t h is state o f h e a lth m ig h t b e , b u t t h a t to p robably p re tty f a r in th e f u tu r e a n d i t Is m o r of In te rc e t In a sen se o f sp e c u la tio n th a n i t is th e f a c t t h a t t t will com e u p to m o rro w and wo w ill h av e to contend w ith th e hazards of n u clear energy, b u t am ong th e o th e r loola w h ich w ere g re a tly used a n d accelerated d u r in g th e w ar period w ere th o se of th e pneum atic ty p e , a n d X th in k th e o n e w hich is p e h a p a m o s t Im p o rta n t to 11 of u s la the rlviter. M uiy years ago Dr. Louis H am ilton described th e effects produced by the vibration 1 tb* Ja c k h a m m e r--I th in k i t w as 30 years ago o r m ore, b u t to d a y th ese few to o ls with th e ir ex trem ely high freq u en cies c f v ib ra tio n are producing t h e elle c u m u c h acre rapidly an d to m uch more m arked degree. X d o n 't have tim e to discus*, nor am 1 com petent to , th e p a th o lo g y of th e in ju rie s p ro d u ced . If you arc in te re ste d 1 th is X rugged th a t you read th e original papers by D r. C rajen and Dr. D art w hich w ere pc*nted a t th e m eeting In Chicago last week of th e Am erican Association of In d u stria l Fby*icins an d Burgeon*. However, I did te th e r th is m u ch , an d i:\cliietitaUy. rouen of the m aterial w hich X described here was given In th e papers w hich were given la st w eek. Xhad q u ite a tim e because it was an cnorm ou* m eeting. There were m any papers, and th ey u se d s p lit sessions, a n d I ra n b a c k a n d f o r th try in g to cover b o th o f th e m . I h a d guile a tim e , b u t Xm issed o u t on som e of th em , b u t so fa r as th e effects of these highly vibrating tools are concerned, a paper was presented by th e workers th ere and again a t the m eeting in Chicago last week in w hich they advocated th e change in th a t procedure so t h a t p articles above five m icrons w ould b e m ore or leas disregarded so l*r as th e c o u n tin g o f t e s t sam ples wo co n c e rn e d I n a d d itio n , in stu d y in g th is m a tte r ibay fo u n d t h a t th e p ercen tag e of free silica In th e p a rtic le s o f d u s t above Civ m icro n s-- wall, t h a t w as q u ite a se rio u s m a tte r becau se it m ig h t a lte r so m ew h at th e a c tio n of tfccse tests. I t w as fo u n d to be enpeclally tr u e of te a ts collected in potteries, fo u n d rie s and glass p la n ts a n d som e oth ers. Pt*t th ese ict*rnw ihe*e w orkers believe th a t p article* larger th a n five m icroti in eiimJe! bo elim inated from consideration b o th In tb s c o u n tin g a n d In th e d e te rm in a tio n of the p#>recnu of fre e k H ; In w ^ l n f tt sam ple* en d in c id e n ta lly , U ie n ew O h io H ealth Code ad? oca ted th e t a n u propflMti*. T h e re were m a n y lsjV 'utnen*4 developed d u rin g th e w ar com ing o u t o f v a rio u s need o f t h e arteel force e n d o n e <:( th e m we# a new a n d extrem ely a c c u ra te a n d s tu r d y carbo m o n o x id e d e te c to r, U w ee d ev e lo p e d for u m In a ir ere f t ao 1: h a d to b e a b le so stand very hard p u im h m c m a n d yet be extrem ely accurate. Well, now, we con beg In to takt lhae th l n i over a n d em ploy th e m *:i peec* tim e In d u stry , T t l s p a r tic u la r In stru m en t provide* b o th a visual an d au d ito ry signal when, th e petm laslbie lim it* of carb o n m onsxuit U exceeded. "Thi# w in find u s, lo r in sta n c e . In th e p ro d u c tio n of I n e r t g a s f o r atm o s phere over expioaiv* liquid* and for th e annealing of stainless teal and nick* an d other m e ta l u n ite ox a acstaniv* c h a r a c te r 9day he used, fo r inst& nce, In s o lv e n t r e c o m j system s, reducing econom ic loss an d danger to personnel. A p o rta b le a p p a r a tu s fo r th e d e te rm in a tio n of m eth y lch lo rld # was dev elo p ed for use 1 th e s y n th e tic ru b b e r Industry* w ith refitiernenM th is can becom e u s e fu l i n th e d- terralnetlon of other chlorinated hydrocarbons, A coa*pldm* oxygen Indicator has been developed for uae in process co n tm t. It U extrem ely accurate to one h u n d red th of one per cent. F u rth er developm ent of this in stru m e n t may re su lt in th e p ro d u ctio n of a portable oxygen deficiency In dicator. At the p re se n t tim e it can on ly b e used in fixed locations because the te m p e ra tu re ha# Quite a m arked effect on th e d etectin g cell. A m ong th e o th e r p a p e rs p re s e n te d a t th e m e e tin g In C hicago w as o n e by l*eeHe S ilv erm an , of H arv ard , w ho re p o rte d extrem ely in te re s tin g finding o n re s p ira to ry air flow c h e ra c U r 1stlevs a n d th e ir re la tio n to c e rta in lu n g diseases, a /study of reco rd ob ta in e d by n ew in s tru m e n t* d eveloped for reco rd in g in s ta n ta n e o u s &(r flow d u rin g in s p ira tio n a n d e x p ira tio n disp lay # v a lu e 1 diagnosing a sth m a , e m p h y sem a a n d silicosis Of p a r tic u la r in te r e s t 1 t h e fa c t t h a t th e m ethod a p p ears to be of v a lu e in d iffe re n tia tin g b etw een lu n g d ep o sitio n * w h ic h p ro d u c e fibre*U, eu ch as slUca* s n d th o s e w h ic h ac c e n tu a te th e X -ray ap p earan ce, such os iron fum es, b u t do n o t p ro d u ce disabling fibrosis, M uch a tte n tio n ha# recently been paid to th e o ccurrence of ib is pswodofibroei* in w ilder*. So th is new m ethod may be cf great value because X -ray p tetu n * of worker* who have b w n exposed tc large Q u an tities of iron fum e* axe ex trem ely diffi cu lt to d lffe rm tla te b etw een th a t co n d itio n and b ee ? tr e e idlleosU Well, th e i**t paper th a t I h eard a t th e m eeting--u n fo rtu n ately . I m issed th e first p a r t o f It--was lb m o at In te re s tin g cr* th e program . Dr. M achle w ho u se d to b e down here in C incinnati a t th e K ettering Laboratory discussed th e physiology of work. 1 d o n 't th in k t re a lis e d u n t i l I h e a rd h im how lltti we d id o a t h a t s u b je c t T h e G erm an* d id q u ite ft Jot. T h ey ev e n h a d a jo u rn a l on n o th in g b u t t h a t s u b je c t. We h a v e n 't reached th a t point yet. Dr M achle pointed out. for Instance, th a t o f necessity, probably, m uch of in d u strial eq u ip m en t a n d m anhinery u standardized. No consideration, for instance. U given to th e ch aracteristic of th* workers w ho will ru n th e m achine*. They d o n 't k now a n y th in g a b o u t h is h e ig h t, w ttg h t. le n g th of hi* *rm a o r a n y th in g els, a n d y e t t h a t U a n e x tre m e ly t e p o c t a s l fe a tu re a n d sh o u ld b* s tu d ie d . H e fee.' th a t a great deal can be dona to tran sfer th e burden of work from m an to m achine, for In stance, by th* use of booster# w hich showed a marked reduction of oxygen consum ption by th # w orker, re*uUtrvg in b e tte r p erfo rm an ce a n d re d u c tio n in e n erg y o u tp u t w** tru e in th e se ca*ee. He m enttooedl Jc p a rtic u la r th e stu d y of th e a d a p tio n of gyro* t&blUiy in tan k s. T hey did a lo t of work cn tan k * d u rin g th e w ar do w n a t F o r t Xoo* Dr. M aehl* v tm ac tiv e in t h a t w ork a n d it was desired to ap p ly t h e p rin c ip le o f eryroUbLllzatlorv to th e tank so th a t firing could be done w hile th e ta n k was In m otion. Prior to t h a t that th e ta n k h a d to come to a top, th e gun aim ed a n d th e n fired. A lo t of tim e ws* lo s t T hey w an ted to develop the ta n k In su ch a way no it could be used to Art w hile 1n m o v e m e n t so th ey were g y ro -stab ilized . U n fo rtu n a te ly , in s p ite of ih ta excellent m echanical #qutpxnnt. th e m an was left entirely o u t of th e picture, th e facto r of the reaction tim e, th a t is th e tim e betw een when th m an decide# to m ake th e m ove and w h en h e doe* It, w a sn 't c o n sid e re d a t alL *0 th e first tank# developed a lo n g t h a t Un* w eren't very satisfactory because they resulted la * large num ber of m isses, so they had to t o buck and ta rt over again and consider th e average reactio n tim e of the oldUr firing th e gun and th e n they were more successful Well, th is field of in d u stria l physiology holds a g reat promise an d we can look forw ard perhaps for g reat finding# In th e future, C h a irm a n K e f* o v e r; 1 am su re t h a t we are #31 th rm k fu l to Mr, MAt'c tte f o r b ring!# u s hi# m&#ftffe a n d esp ecially th e new work t h a t ie rig h t u p to t h r m in u te t h a t be heard ab o u t at the Chicago m eeting. Do an y o n e h a v e a n y q u e stio n # they would like tc ask? T wa* w o n d e rin g w hen ymj usa jxafcfcag o * ftt ti m a ttin g ? th e q u e v u o a jf th? k iu m m u r w * i tre a tm e n t b ro u g h t Mr, M s)|e tt* ; Te*. T b e r wjui a paper givers o n H. I ttia K . by t*r R udan, `w> dW latea 0 c w k > it* b u t be d id n 't explain o b o u t i t p r atlo&tty every m o rn in g you &s te m m you b e a r o m athing a b o u t aluaD lntm . I tried: to choose som e thing w hich I tete m ig h t n o t he ta lk e d b o u t, e n d p er hap* y o u w ould n o t have h eard before h u t Items wo* a p a p e r n a lu m in u m th ere, C k iin n aa X t/m m * B ut there he* been no change in opm w ti, *til. a tjupuicd thiug i ruppooel Mr, M ellette: T h a t is fig h t. 0 f course th e y are g * th e ftn # a g re e t deal of *vklec I fkusk th e s o n a m n m o f o p in io n so fa r ms th e a lu m in u m W st is co n cern ed , a* I hear It a t tb s wftoua m ra tin g s a b o u t th e c o u n try , it* a n e x tre m e ly u se fu l ag en t in th e p revention flf eiccel h u t IV* very q u e stio n a b le w h e th e r it n e t vny effect in the therapy, th e tew or even in tn # ralaif o f i t 's sym ptom Wfc !>r. S h afer, M edical D irecto r. F rig id ire D ivision, O en ern l M otor* C orporation, D ayton, OB: l liste n e d to b o th p a p e rs a t th e m e e tin g , t h e o n e on e x p erim en t * w ith anim al ua th e one in th e tr e a tm e n t of bIHoosIs. C o m p a rin g t h e tw o eats o f anim al over th e Ctert period of Uxn, th e p ap er g iven o n th e t r e a t m e n t of silico sis by th e d u stin g m ethod, u>d the o p in io n th e re based m ostly c o th e q u a n titiv e e x p e rie n c e is t h a t >1 h as k e p t dw workmen th a t have definite eillcoals from going too far In advance and being dlsltd a t a m ore early period, b u t it h a s n 't c u re d th e eiUcoal*. T h e disab ility ha* b een ten m arked in th o a e cave* w herever ln fe c tic n w p re s e n t, b u t you atill have your sam e old pktur*. T h ere 1 n o relief fro m d u s tin g as in d ic a te d , b u t th e d u ctin g 1 given and 8wy give th e m e th o d of W ing tt. T h e y sh o w ed t h e a p p a r a tu s a n d the frequency. A w om an from P e n n sy lv a n ia h a s d o n e lo t of w o rk in th e octal m m oe a n d th e sm oky wSu*trto* 1st P e n n sy lv a n ia a n d w rote a p a p e r w h ic h Is well w o rth reading Chairman K eaaver: l th in k we have another question. Dr, .. . . Barbe* ton, Ohio*: : w o u ld b s e to k ro w If th e re t% any haxard of asepreae on th e kip Mr. M allei U ; WeU. th a t Is very x te ro sU B g beceus t h ad to check u p recently on tt 9 far as n eo p reo * iu e V --1 arc epaakm g o f th e c ru d e Mock--is concerned, th f a r t jtefe*bly no b a m rd * a t all possibly a n o c c a sio n a l case o f d e rm a titU occurs, b u t I feel Oat th a t le m o re d u e to th e p resence of o th e r c h e m ic a ls in th e stock, for itu ta n c e , tito x lg eu a n d so fo rth th a n i t Is th e n e o p re n e Itself. B ack m th e m iddle tbirtta great deal of close s tu d y was m ade on n e o p re n e by th e D u P o n t people. It was d u p rs n t it th a t tim e , if you recall, b u t H i$ e sse n tia lly U> sa m e th in g . However. th e m aterial from w hich n eo p re n e 1 m ad e is a n e x tre m e ly to x ic m a te ria ! a n d l th in k perhaps am ela* th e re 1 som e co n fu sio n because of t h a t f a c t C hloroprerne is eatram ely toxic, b u t sitar n ha* been processed an d especially w h e n m e sto ck h a s b e ta cured, there is no vexidty p re se n t. T h ere t&ay be o ccasio n ally h cave of d e rm a titis , b u t th a t is m ore 4u* to o th e r chem ical* In th e stock. Of................. : We teav* a ty p e ef sp ray Mr M aU ette: T h a t La a d iffe re n t th in g . I t h o u g h t you { e rre d to eu?4 neoprene stock teew, neoprene latex, o f centre, Mi u liq u id o o d th ere ore tacit m a te ria ls U |t~ th e D u P o n t people inform ed m t h a t th ey have b een s triv in g to low er th e p e rcen tag e of ohloroprene bk th e ir latex , i t ha c o n ta in e d in th e p a st so m elh ln sr aa h ig h a* fo u r or live per w ot- T h e te I a possibility som e o n e m ay a b so rb e n o u g h cb lo ro p ren e *o as to b h x m d o u s However, i t l* extrem ely I r r ita tin g to th e eKlu a n d p ractically every company w h ich h aa used n eo p re n e latex ha* h a d so m e d ifficulty w ith derm Mill* I t 1 extremely irrita tin g b u t th e ir m eth o d of co n tro l to p re v e n t th e c o n ta c t w ith the km ihmild be utlU xcd T h a t la w here th e c a rd in a l p rin c ip ie Hess You c a n 't do m uch proh* b'y. to ch an g e th e latex a lth o u g h th e D u P o n t p e o p le arc try in g to get the e h to ro p m ir content dow n, b u t everyw here U is u se d th e re is q u ite a h ig h Incidence of d erm a titis, tout if you c a n --t d o n 't know how --you any, "S p ra y " ? H r . ...................... ; Ye*. Mr. M alletW : W ell, If yon can o c o u rse p ro v id e local ex h au st v e n tilatio n if you can't p ro tec t th e w orker by m eim a o leve a n d gloves, a p ro n s, p ro tectiv e garm ent are of value, an d en co u rag e th e m to use th e m rro q u c m ly a n d to gat it off hla skin before u take effect. H as It been d erm a titis w hich h as o ccu rred ? Dr, * D erm atitis ha* *Uown up Mr. M allettc : l believe th a t 1 probably all it will do. alth o u g h I am p lan n in g some eturtle rig h t now on fchs am o u n t oi chiom preno In th e a ir w here neoprene is used because thin question haa come up. Dr. W. K, Obetz, Medical adviser of Safety & H ygiene: How about rubber gloves out of neoprene? Mr. Mallette : Welt, there has been q u ite & lot of d erm a title, Dr. Obeta. b u t I thin* It is d u e l a m o st owes to th e a n ilto x ig fit We h ave b een doing a Sot of testin g on young people w ho were affected by neoprene gloves. We p u rch ased several h u n d red pair# sad p u t them i n o u r teal p ro d u cts d e p a rtm e n t an d we g o t a flood o f d erm atitis all of sudden. W e tested m any people and we found th a t th e gloves plus th e caustics and thing#; w m fo u n d th e com pounding ingredient* In th e gloves a n d came dow n to Du an tlto x lg en . W here it was p u t in to th e sy n th e tic ru b b e r, o f course, it occurred Its pro ducts w hich were made from the synthetic rubber itself. Dr. O betx: Does th a t apply to both Vlada? Mr. M ellette: Both the neoprene and the buna. Dr. O betx; T he same a n tito x in was n o t used b u t it produced th e sam e effect* Mr. M aliette: Tee. C h airm an K efauver: O ur next speaker need# n o in tro d u ctio n . Dr. M. M Shafer, Medical D irector, Frlgldalre Division, G eneral M otors C orporation. Dayton, Ohio. PERSONAL PROTECT!VS F .qtlFM E N T AND HOW TO CSK IT Dr. M. M. S hafer, M edical D ire c to r, Frigid* ire Division, General Motors Corporation, Dayton. Ohio Mr. C hairm an, m em ber* o f th e Sixteenth AU O hio sa fe ty Congress: It's a pleasure to be here today. T he su b ject th a t Or. O betr assigned t o m e Is o n e th a t I th in k we are all more or less fam iliar with, and 1 hope our previous speaker. Mr. M sJette, w ill pardon m e If I refer to th is paper In several connections, because i t was a very Interesting paper and i t touches, in several instance# on the personal protective equipm ent that I am going to talk to you about. Tt la Obvious from th e o u tse t th a t such a vast s u b je c t could n o t be coveted In detail in such a sh o rt tim e. Therefore 1 am taking th e liberty of listing acme of th e porecnal protective equipm ent w ith which 1 am fam iliar a n d w ill a tte m p t to discus th e proper use of tom e of these which have caused th e greatest difficulty. T he follow ing list, sta rtin g from th e to p of th e h ead a n d going down to th e feet, represents a p a rt of th e personal protective eq u ip m en t In everyday vae in a great many p lan ts. Xt la obvious fro m th e follow ing lis t t h a t n o discussion is necessary In order to use eome o f th is equipm ent correctly and properly. I n tr.y own company all persons! protective e q u ip m e n t Is iuroK hcd th e em ploye free of charge. l. Head ProteeU cn. A. 8 to d b a ts B. G uardl-A nii or o th er type head p ro tectio n fo r women II. Ooggles A. V arious Types a . W elders {shade of tens* t>. Acid free? c. Shatter proof d . S hatter proof with side shield* e. R k shatter proof f. M ore goggles (several types) m . Face Shield A. W elders B. P la stic shields IV. Bar diaphgr&sie V. Keep Us.tori* A V ario u s T viwk o. Dual b. Fum et c. Oases d. Acid A. A lkali VI. S u it ta b le ts TO Protective Cream* VEX P o sitiv e Prftsaur Air Hood A. P o rcelain IX- Coverall--stack*--amcw'li or XL Apron* A. B o b b e r B, L e a th e r 0. Cloth D. p la s tic B. o ile d aim XL Blecvelofcs A* W aterp ro o f a B o b b e r b. Plantic B. L e a th e r G, Chamois U. L e a th e r w ith B. Asbestos rivet* x n . aiove* A. R u b b e r S. S y n th etic R ubber C. Canvas d , Leather palm B. C h ro m e lo ath e i T. Asbestos G. Heavy leather w ith staples x m Leffgiopr XIV. S p at XV. Shoe* o r Boot* A. S te e l to e s --sa fe ty B. S teel to e g u a rd * O. R u b b e r boot* D. W ooden soled m op hoes XVI. E le c tric ia n s C hrom e L e a th e r Hood a n d Cora XVII. Asbeatos clo th in g XVXH. A d d p ro o f suit XXX. S a fe ty b e lts In o u r p l a n t we h a v e very little u se o f ste e l h at, how ever, of have co nsiderable use tor the G u artU -A n n s a fe ty cap fo r w om en t h a t are w orking on revolving m ach in ery . Is passing. I w ould like to leave w ith you thlo one th o u g h t " th a t no m a tte r w h at type of safety cap y o u choose fo r y o u r w o m en em ployes to wear. It w ul n ev er sa tisfy th e m fllT. So. th e b e s t t h a t y o u c o n d o Is secu re a ty p e of *afoty cap t h a t does th e w ork a n d tn&tst upon its b e in g w o rn w hen th e o p e ra to r la w orking o n revolving m a ch in ery . Goggles are o n e o f th e m eet Im p o rta n t safety Item s used In p ro tectin g o u r cm* pteyca. No o n e ha*, as y et, d esig n ed a n ail p u rp o se safety goggle. In som e areas it vtU be euNtentlol t h a t th e goggles b e eq u ip p ed w ith aide fthleld. in other th e plain toggle w ith o u t sid e shield* will give a d e q u a te p ro te ctio n . In o th e r place th e c u p type fogg:** will b e p re fe ra b le. T h ere w ill b e h u n d re d * erf co m p lain t* as to w hy they c a n n o t vuc goggles o n t h i s o r t h a t p a rtic u la r o p e ra tio n a n d som * o f th e se co m p lain t wJU bo Justified. D u rin g th e w ar we b a d o ccasio n to eq u ip som e e ig h t th o u s a n d erf our i $ s 5 ! * S H-5 5 . I 5 " S ' s j & g c ' ' - * ; s * | c ? $ g 3 er !? s ! 53s & f S | s ! * S fc? * ! 3 f : * 3 S s s a : 5 s i s ? l 5Sr i ? s* n- 3- '2 SP ,* Z ^ g ^ i ij js j " !U . - * 5 s 5 g ftg * ? f ? i s ? i i el ? I 5 ss.aS 2gs V I : *; 3 s ?ii ?I l p o3 J-<' ' s s 8 crLy gSi 5 g a 3s?. 3\ 3 >J 3 a i ' . - S s L S ^ i -a "Ig?*! 3 ~ a ? * n a Ss5 Si! * ~*8 * 1 1 SSsH S| , 3 i: Isis's V <L n <n m* 2c Zb < *<*;* fsi-a; f ?2 E !ri* a e 3 3 *'S ! ^ fff B* S3 6 s 6S 3 r " 1 W a TJ 'I ai X ? L * cr IH Ffll I s ? l Bi f 2i r! i l B I i ; f g R S II! sl|Is|2lg:i '83" S p g s p I 5 ;t f l -' . ! t | * R ? Ec S o y s S ecii rf- * a y BSh s | l s : - # ? S?*n| g?^ *5*1'? f*3;5*?si3|| %< s ` M s Ss S ! M r 3 3 t * ^ < 57 ^ 3 l * 5 p S a ' 5 s l S `' - ? ff . j g , C g ? .r4 = s S " ; s s 5 556 ptvmtTt; a ir hod* su p p lie d u> th e o p e ra to r w ork in g Inside th e ts n k would n o t b in d e r th e deration to a n y g re a t s te n t b u t w o u ld giv* th e w orker purified a ir to b re a th e reg ard lea oi w h at th e Lank c o n ta lu s w h ich is b e in g c le a n e d . T h is m ask is applicable to all h o aerd o u * occupation in w hich exjsoam e is th ro u g h th e in h alatio n of du*t, mist*. fum es o r gasea T h ere a re m an y d iffe re n t type o f maMtw In every day use w hich are A pplicable to the protection of th e Individual from th e m hn iatk m of vartou respiratory Irrita n t* and toxic agent. B u t u la e sse n tia l th a t th e rig h t type of respirator be used o n th e p a r ticular o p eratio n for w hich it la designed a n d recom m ended. I t would be as fo o lish to twe m M a rtm d a lc rr.iude in Che p re v e n tio n o f in h a la tiv of chlorine or o th e r h ig h ly i r ritating fum es as to use a pair of canvas glove* in a heat, tre a tm e n t operation. If th e respirator U dcatgned for a special usage it should be limited to th a t usage and not used fo r o th e r purpose- O n th e c*i tria g e ty p e respirator th e a tta c h e d carU d g * c o n tain* c e rta in chem icals w hich arc used p a rtic u la rly to filter ou t or neutralixe th e fum e* to w hich t h e in d iv id u a l I fce.sg c a p c se c a t t h a t p a rtic u la r tim e. O bvloutly a g a in , if th e vreng ch em ical* a r e in t h e ear tra f ga arid m e expo* or* Is to a type tu st w h ic h tfcsey do riot ocnm teract, th e n cite In d iv id u a l h as little or n o p ro tectio n avert th o u g h 5# i* w e a rin g a reeplrmtcr. Or. Shafer: H th e re are sny quasttoa l will try tc s n i v n them . A Voice: W h a t h a s been your experience wi t h lam inated goggle? Dr. Shafer: Plastic. A voice: Tea. They are tem l& aud Oh S h a fe r: W ell, w e h a v e n 't h a d a n y ex perience We have used one Haunch A bom b developed a n d th ere is a com pany In D ayton w hich develops a piajtuc goggle, h u t d u rin g U& tim e of th e w ar th e y h a d *o m u c h work th ey duua't do a n y th in g a b o u t It; t h a t 1 th e Halve C o m p an y I Im ag m * th e y will com e o u t w ith th e ir pl&ttfc rneided fo*ar> I suppose It** a ll rig h t, I t w&s te s te d b efo re &.nd H gave a d e q u a te pro tectio n T h e re is n 't way romaon w hy i t c o u ld n 't he used. Mr. lohn N, C arr, T h e L jb rifio l Cci jx.w&tior*, W ickilfie. O hio: W hat evpertetK * have you h ad w ith c o m p la in t re g a rd in g th e fo rg in g of v anova type* of gcgg.cs w here a m a s 1* doing h e f w ork, for in sta n c e . an d la req u ired to w ear a d u s t or fum e resistin g toggle* Or. S h a fe r; W ell, y o u h av e t h a t d iffic u lty ; th e re I* n o q u estio n a b o u t U T h e eo lu uoo Is n 't ex actly c le a r. S o m e tim e s th e o n e t h a t I* m ade w ith th e d o u b le le n s in f r o n t nth Use w a te r su p p ly , th e y c a n b r u s h i t oil dow n, I t h as given n* th e m o*t u ic r v w f v l use. Y ou k n o w th e o n e l a m ta lk in g a b o u t? Mr. C a rr: Yes. Dr, S h a fe r: B u t you s tilt have th e sam e problem ; th e fog cotne* back a g ain T here a oo good an ti-fo g goggle I know a b o u t today. Mr C arr: I th o u g h t possib ly you w ould say th a t these hoods would be good Dr. Ahofe r: T h e h o o d w o u ld n 't give you m u ch help Be. E m ery EL H ayhuret* C olum bus* O h io : D octor, do you know arty a lerm M&nal er fitem # o r wuc e n tra lio n s t h a t m ig h t o c c u r of th e se toxic su b stan ce* "! Dr, S h a fe r: Yes. we do h av e on s u lp h u r ic dioxide. Doctor, Ort th e o o o ecn w aU o n of #vphurte dioxide f t a u tc m a tl colly set off an alarm and open* th e ven tilato r* a n d U w ill d art the ex bauei fans only when th ere was a concentration developed, b u t t h a t w m the only one we had occasion for W ;tn th e new er gates used in refrigeration we d o n 't aav any b a m rd o u ex p o su re of t h a t ty p e. A Voice: I n th e c o n tro l o f d e r m a titis d id ycu try cream#'? You poke a b o u t w aah ln g four to six tim e a day w ith o u t a p p ly in g r r r u r j W hat type of ufeieef d id vou use In yotir test? Dr. S h a fe r: We tr.c<i every type or t u r r e t o n th e mark*, and w fihny e n d e d u p wnh one th a t la approved by th e G eneral Motor*, a p u iv erirm one h cewrr.me*l to *t A Voice: Did y o u tr y th e t*-*i \UUKmH **;ii*iy!ng cream * in rv n t ibis d e rm a titu Dr. S h a fe r: No. wo d id n 't A Volt: J .at w aah lag " tor. Share*: I imagine u warfeed o u t ju s t a b o u t a well, although applying cream does have some effect on the prevention of it getting in to th e p o m , b u t \a abrasive m s U 111 g et th rough there frequently, th e re Is no q u estio n ab o u t It. There U also In volved th e Individual susceptibility to li la t i l d e n u a tn u , because m en have orked for years an d years, aide by side, doing th e sam e work, h an dling th e tam e compounds, and one fellow h as th e derm atitis an d th e o th e r fellow who doe exactly th e same type of job, indenttcal in an respect, doesn't have it. Mr. RoMu Reach, gngicrvr, Brooklyn. New York: Was l Just plain lucky on this or not? I did work on static electricity a t G oodyear T ire uud Bobber, and on my first wt Akron I got d erm atitis on my hand and Arms a n d it w ent down to my legs and feed, an d T Just f a it like a leper. When I went back to th e city f w ent to some akin specialists, and of course you know the old saying about them - I t's quite a racket-- the patient never dies, and neither do they get well (laughter.} f sp e n t six or seven hundred dollars w hile in the city, and th en i w ent back to Akron again. X wa*. pretty disappointed, oo finally X talked to a calender m an. 2 Mid. `Do you ever got this sort of tiling?" He aald, " Oh. ytm. about every six m onths I get a touch of If * I said, 'W h a t do you do?" E e aid, *T get u teacup lu ll of lysol, pour it In a tub of w ater and crawl Into St u p to my neck, a n d th a t will clear H up." I went back to th e hotel; I did it, and w ithin a few days later 1 did it again, and a vemk later again, an d 1 was completely over it Does th a t couad uxmabi to you? ft th a t some* th in g th a t is really & treatm ent? Mr. Shafer: Well. I have heard a lot of sim ilar th in g s along th a t line la which they used a very sim ple remedy. How m uch Lyaot did you use? $ Mr. B each: a little teacup full in a tu b of w ater. * Dr. Shafer: T h a t is a mU4 anttseeptic. To say w hether or no t th a t did it. I dos The next individual may try it and be may be a Uttlc sensitive and the phea m ight m ake i t a little worse, so he would give you th e dickens for It. Mr. Carr: i bad on more question. You may no t be able to help me, bu t X possibly there was someone In the room who could. One of our dlttalon* handle* to acid which is a rather dangerous m aterial from th e standpoint of akin exposure, and % new p la n t m anager brought u s a fom uU called ferric chloride tin c tu re . He tafia -m* U was used d u rin g th e w ar in th e petroleum in d u stry for first aid treatm ent of pfceoci b u rn s, Everywhere 2 have asked in the Cleveland area they tell me th a t th e first aid procedure la to use alcohol to wash off th e p henol en d th e n tre a t for b u rn t, and he talk mo th a t he boa seen Individuals pretty thoroughly sprayed w ith phenol gives. Immediate atten tio n w ith the ferric chloride solution an d go back to work the same day. a wondered w hether anyone here ever had any experience w ith th a t particular kind Dr. Lccksen, Columbus. Ohio: I can armwer th a t question, l am practicing hema tologist. X can tell you ferric chloride win give a pigm entation of the skin to a fablj large num ber oC persons and th is wilt he p erm anent, so th a t if you apply fanrlo chlortda on th e face or o n th e hands B wlU bow for years to come. T h a t hoe beer* used In th* tre a tm e n t of poison ivy a t times, and it isn't coneldered good therapy because o< th # fact. I th in k your alcohol treatm ent, th a t n e u tra lisa tio n is your beet treatm ent. Tr. I* SI . Mr rnembe li out of t-br pvcple On Directa; 'lemon* director the Gei because vitally 1 ol Ohio #nd the Mr. Columbu Frten -be Ind Duel1;, an. ward yo1 You i are arrivi, for piarmi 'here are five the i problem-* : spportuuM . ro'.s-secti tn opporti has con: t *0 dr> the* :i should e. w th e 4*f not be di, it ftould K problems in We bell relieve Any Ifrfr uxlav panel will 1 future m j m llteiT upc'-Ylikm. n Cclum bv f.^ce th e abl we *s .vure the t prelltnlnaiy l **ced tt>