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5. Where does the production or processing/use of PFAS mixtures/articles of your company take place? In the EEA Outside the EEA Both in and outside the EEA
Question Title 6. How many PFAS mixture/article production/processing sites does you company have?
In the EEA
Outside the EEA
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PFAS in mixtures/articles in the electronics and energy industry
1.2 identity, volumes, uses/applications and market
Question Title 7. Please provide an overview of the identity of PFAS in mixtures/articles and total volumes of PFAS containing mixture/articles.
You can enter the data in below test fields, or you can use the excel sheet that
is attached to the email that you received to provide information in more detail.
If you use the excel sheet, please send the file after completion
to
rhdhv.com.
Identity/types of PFAS Production volume (tonnes/year)F
Import volume into the EEA
(tonnes/year))
Export volume out of the EEA
(tonnes/year)
Average concentration of PFAS (%)
Question Title 8. In which market sectors do you operate (more than 1 answer possible)?
Electronics industry 'I" Semiconductor industry
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F Energy industry
Other (please specify)
I All industry sectors use PFAS.
Question Title 9. Please provide information on the area(s) of use/application of your PFAS containing mixtures/articles.
You can enter the data in below test fields, or you can use the excel sheet that
is attached to the email that you received to provide information in more detail.
If you use the excel sheet, please send the file after completion
to
.rhdhv.com.
Area of use/application per identity/type of
PFAS
Among others C6 fluorosurfactants are used in/for the following applications: coating agent, photosensitive resin, color resist, release agent, adhesive, grease, filter, dispersant and batteries, facilitating the wetting, coating of hard to wet surfaces for cleaning, coating, or anti-foaming purposes. The ability to wet/penetrate high aspect microelectronic structures is facilitated by the use of fluorosurfactants. C6 fluorosurfactants can withstand the harsh acidic and alkaline processes used in semiconductor wet chemical processes.
In addition to semiconductors, C6 fluorinated surfactants are used as wetting agents in etch baths for glass substrates in electronics, due to the C6 fluorinated surfactants' low surface tension and stability in strong acids. Glass articles are polished and etched with solutions containing sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid and a fluorinated surfactant, which increases the speed of etching, acid polishing, or frosting of flat (sheet, plate) glass with hydrofluoric acid.
Standard appliance batteries (dry cells) and lithium battery cells use C6 surfactants as a corrosion inhibitor at the electrodes. Crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules are currently the dominant PV technology accounting for >95% of the PV market globally. There are two principal types, monocrystalline silicon and multicrystalline silicon. C6 fluorosurfactants are used for both in the saw damage removal and texturing wet chemical steps, reducing the reflectivity of the wafers o improve solar cell efficiency. The use of C6 fluorosurfactants is vital in this process to improve the wetting of the etchants and the uniformity of the process, and to shorten the process time in addition to improving cell efficiency.
Volume of PFAS containing mixture/articles for each use/application (tonnes/year)l Concentration or applied amount of PFAS for each use/application (e.g in % or mglcm2)J Function(s) of each PFAS per use/applicationl Properties of the PFAS employed per use/applicationi Minimum concentration or applied amount of PFAS that is necessary to maintain function per use/application (e.g. in % or mg/cm2)I
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