Document awK9E5vmejQKzBdxmb79aaNN

HWBB-H807967 <Ur Hygiene Foundation of America, Inc. 4400 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh, Pa. October 15, 1958. ' REFSP.ENCES TO RECENT LITERATURE ON INDUSTRIAL DISEASES (A) Nevs Iten3 7G0 INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE--AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION. Ind. Med. 7, 589 (September 1958). The Industrial :fygiene Section meeting of the 67th annual convention of the American Public Health Association to be held at Kansas City, October 25-28, 1938, should contain material of interest to all who have industrial medical problems. The addresses, as they are published, will be abstracted in this bulletin. 701 NATIONAL SAFETY CONGRESS, Ind. Med. 589 (September 1958). The National Safety Congress and Exposition will hold its annual meeting October 11-14 at the Stevens Hotel, Chicago. There will be sessions on Dusts, Fu***, Ga3es and Vapors; Industrial Nursing; Occupational Disease, and Health Se in Industry. Any articles of interest will be noted and abstracted in th bulletin. 702 NEW BOOKS . OCCUPATION AND HEALTH--SUPPLEMENT, International Labor Office, 754 Jedcawi i, Place, Washington, D. C, This supplement, which will consist of 500 pages when completed, can be pur chased for &5.CO. The first installment to this last supplement comprise# 84 pages and includes five brochures on "Allergy and Occupation," "Asbestos*" "EeryIlium," "Pneumoconiosis," and "Silicosis." TOXICITY OF INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC SOLVENTS, A compilation by Ethel Browning, of the numerous solvents used in industry. It discusses properties, uses and toxicity, and should be a valuable reference to those interested. The book is a British Publication. The U. 6. address Is The British Library of Information, 270 Madison Ave., New York City, Price 7s 6d (about G2,00). (B) Papers on Dust. Dust Diseases and General IndustHnT 705 PNEUMOCONIOSIS (PULMONARY DISEASE DUE TO DUST), L. Teleky. Occupation and Health, Supplement, Internet, Labor Office, Geneva (January 1938), (Ob* of the supplements mentioned in News section of this Bulletin), This is one of the cost reviews and one of the most readable that ha* yet been written on the subject. Dr. Telo'.ry has placed the dusts into 8 claene# accord ing to actions as follows, briefly: irritants, couiotic action over long, per iods, micro-chemical action forming lesions (quartz), chemical action with in flammatory processes, cancerogenic action, allergic action, infectious action and toxic action. In the first half cf the paper, mechanic# and phyeidlegy of dust inhalation are considered, together with concentration* found and thejnthclogical and rcentgenographical significance of mixtures. The second half dis cusses the effects of breathing various dusts, including grain dusts, dust* like HHBB-0BB7970 References to Recent Literature - 2 Thomas slag, and various minerals. Bibliography is brief, and i3 United to well-known references, 704 PATHOLOGY OF THE SILICOTIC MODULE, Joseph Walsh, Am. Rev. Tuberc, 35_, 363-71 (September 1938). White Haven Sanatorium, White Haven,Pa. The author presents the results of 0 years of observation of anthracosilicotic lungs, with several photomicrograph's of affected lymph nodules. In his summary, he states that anthracosilicotic dust within the tissues of the lung is always found in cells until after necrosis sets in. These cells are carrier in lymph channels to intrapulmonary and hilar nodes. The pulmonary fibre-ar.thraccsilicotic nodule begins by thickening of the interstitial tissue a'uund lymphatics, the development of fibrous tissue in alveolar walls ar.d destruction cf the elastiue which allows the alveoli to collapse. The typical sir.slc nodule is smaller than a millet seed and is made up principally of collapsed and coalesced alveolar walls. Later occur hyaliniaation and necrosis beginning in the inter ior. A large nodule is always conglomerate, and is made up of the coalescence of innumerable small ones. The silicotic nodule and its points of difference from the pulmonary nodule are described. -5> 705 SILICOSIS aND SIMILAR DUST DISEASES. MEDICAL ASPECTS AND CONTROL. R.R. Sayers _, i and R. P.. Jones. U.S.Publ, Health Repts, 5, 1453-72 (August 19, 1938). 0b tainafcle from Supt, of Documents, Washington, D.C., for 5 cents, cash. This paper, originally presented at the National Silicosis Conference in 1936, is an excellent review of the subject, with especial attention to occupational exposure, factors influencing the action of silica dust particles, the necessity of occupational history, and prevention of silicosis. Asbestoeie and anthraeosiliccsis are considered briefly. 706 RECOVERY METABOLISM OF SILICQTICS. A. Bohme. Arch. f. Gewerbepath. u. ^ewerbehyg. , 601-10 (1938), (German), Increased oxygen consumption accompanies all work, partly during work, partly after it (oxygen debt). In cardiac insufficiency and emphysema, ojygen con sumption is more delayed in the recovery period; the oxygen debt is greater than normal. In healthy persons consumption is highest after 3, or at moat, 6 minutes after stopping heavy work. In comparing normal persons with ailicotics with 70-80)6 disability, the latter showed a marked and prolonged rise in res piration rate, increased minute volume and oxygen consumption during the recov ery time and also at the end of the 10 minute observation period. In silicotics with less than 70)6 .sability, the differences were less marked or barely de tectable. The method is not applicable for adjudging compensation however, because of other influences--excitement, lack of precision and intentional emphasis of difficulties. 707 THE INFLUENCE OF SILICA ON THE NATURAL aND ACQUIRED RESISTANCE TO THE TUBERCLE BACILLUS. Arthur J. Vorwald and Anthony B. Delahant. Am. Rev. Tuberc. 58. 347-62 (September 1938). Reprints probably obtainable from The Saranac Labor atory, Saranac Lake, N. Y. The authors investigated the effect of silica on resistance of animals to the tubercle bacillus. Their experiments shewed that silica depresses the native resistance of the guinea pig to attenuated tubercle bacilli and of the white rat to virulent types of these microorganisms. Silica also inhibits the devel opment of acquired resistance in guinea pigs when the irritant is confined to the tissue in which the immune bodies are being produced, ^lis adverse influ ence is specific for silica and is proportional to the concentration of the irritating substance. Dusts low in silica and nonsiliceous dusts have no such effect. The authors suggest as a possible explanation the alteration of 03117873 lx 1! u D '\v /'( HHBB-000797. -r^ ...< References to Recent Literature - 5 monocytic cells by silica in such a way that they furnish a more suitable med ium for the growth of the bacillus. On the other hand, inhibitory substances normally present in such cells may be neutralized so that the bacillus is per mitted to grow with unusual rapidity. At the present time only the morpholog ical evidences of cellular alteration, have been discovered. The underlying chemical factors are completely unknown.' 708 SUMMARY OF RESULTS OBTAINED TO DATS IN a STUDY OF IHE OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE HAZARDS .ASSOCIATED WITH THE QUARRYING, CRUSHING ,uND SCREENING OF NORTH C.^RGLINA GRaNITES, Division of Industrial Hygiene, Raleigh, North Carolina, Mimeographed, 17 pp. Obtainable at address given. This report presents the results of a preliminary study of 15 granite quarries, in 9 of which both dust counts and medical examinations were made. The total number of workers involved was 514, of which only 350 had been exposed to gran ite dust for 1 year or longer, Aoncng these workers, 13 were found to have more fibrosis than usual, and there was 1 case of first-stage silicosis. There was a preponderance of workers under 35 years of age, and about 13$ of the workers in the 3 major labor divisions were more than 50 years of age. In so far as ir/looted in the small number of cases, an increasing incidence of pathology wi.r. advancing age is revealed. The increase with exposure is fairly uniform until an exposure of 30 years is reached, at which point the incidence rises precipitously. Dust counts were made to evaluate the dust exposure associated with specific tasks, and the cumulative dust exposure was computed for eTery worker whose occupational record is sufficiently long. A distribution by occu pation and cumulative dust exposure reveals that the condition "more fibrosis than usual" exists in every classification and that silicosis appears when the cumulative exposure reaches 1500 million particle years of dust. ("HiiS refers to granite dust, shown by a number of analyses to contain 30 to 40$ quarts,) This corresponds to a daily exposure threshold limit of 35 million particles per cubic foot over a period of 40 years. As a factor of safety the average (granite) dust exposure should not exceed 25 million particles per cubic foot. The exposure in many major quarry occupations exceeds that figure where no - safeguards are employed. The exposure may be reduced to a safe level by the use of wet methods. The results indicate a definite hazard, although not se severe as was expected. Final conclusions must be postponed until more men with over 10 years' exposure tc granite dust can be examined. 709 SILICQSIo IN POTTERY WORKERS. R. A. Kemp Harper. Brit. J. Radiol, ii, 354-65 (1938). The clinical and industrial factors producing silicosis are discussed, A sur vey of the industry in 1932 shewed that about one-third of the pottery workers of all branches had acquired the disease at the end of 20 years' exposure. Im portant factor., are (1) silica concentrations in the dust, (2) duration of ex posure, (3) cleanliness, and (4) precautions taken by employers. In modern factory buildings efficient design has greatly reduced the dust content of the air, and the use of alumina instead of flint has reduced the disease incidence. Research is being directed toward the discard of dangerous materials in the bedding processes. Physique of workers is important in disease resistance; certain 'physical types are undesirable for work in any quarter or process. Tuberculosis, even in the early stages, constitutes a menace. The author dis cusses the two r.air: types of silicosis as first recognized in South Africa, namely, simple or r.cnir.fective, and infective, especially their radiological distinctions and characteristics. He remarks that "the pottery worker in gen eral tends to acquire a s^ft type of silicosis, with less nodulation than stone masons in South Africa, but many exceptions also occur," Twelve cases are full, described rrith radiological reproductions for each. There is no one silicosis 03117874 References to Recent Literature -4 cs type for & given occupation, and the picture may vary greatly for the same ex- posure. The previous occurrence of weakening respiratory diseases such as acut^ bronchitis, influenza dnd pneumonia, causes the lung parenchyma to succumb te so the inhalation of silicosis-producing dust. 710 SILICOSIS IS THE POTTER! INDUSTRY. J. ?. Bromley. Brit. J. Radiol. 11, 345-53 (1933). This paper is a thorough discussion of the British pottery industry and its silicosis hazards. Free silica in the form of finely divided flint is used ex tensively and constitutes the principal silicosis hazard. Some of the silica combinations, however, in kaolin, china clay, Cornish stone, and other materials, may modify the radiological picture of the typical free silica risks. The dry crushing process is especially hazardous; dry preparation of powdered flint du3t for bedding material constitutes a serious risk. The dry earthenware body presents a special source of danger, its dried scraps giving rise to a dust com posed cf about one-third flint, and the risk is increased by leaving the scraps all over the floor, benches and ovens. The caster, exposed to this dust, usually develops silicosis in about 20 years. The pottery industry as a whole comprises about 60 separate occupations, in 30 of which the worker is exposed to free sili ca dust, either as pure flint or in a mixture. The general classes of occupation exposed to silicosis are the following: (1) millers and mill laborers; (2) slip makers; (3) workers in the potters' shop; (4) mold makers and (5) various labor ers who are incidentally in dusty departments. Numerous risks are eliminated by improved exhaust ventilation and by more vigorous supervision of the uses of flint. There are methods of preventing shrinking after firing without the use of flint, but potters are unwilling to use them and the public would not be sat isfied with flint-free ware of particular types. The most serious risks are in bedding of biscuit ware in powdered flint and in the preparation of the flint by crushing. Death has occurred in 3 years after work in a dry crushing mill; the signs are marked in all china biscuit placers in 15 years. The recent depression, has increased the number of polishers exposed, because some ware has been worked up by polishing instead of being discarded. If an efficient subetitute for bed ding flint were discovered, the silicosis risk would be almost entirely banished from the china potters' shop. (Other authors have mentioned the successful use cf alumina for this purpose.) 711 CONTROL SILICA DUST AND SAND GRADATION PROBLEMS. PRODUCING AGGREGATES FOR HIVSASSEE DAM. Rock Prod, 41. 29-35 (September 1938). The construction of the Hiwassee dam in North Carolina, recently begun, is the first case in which the T.V.A. has worked in silica rock. A portion of this article describee the methods used to protect workmen from dust. The plant com prises the quarry, the primary crushing plant, the secondary crushing and screen ing equipment, the sizing screens and storage, and the stone sand classifying plant. In the quarry, wet drilling is used exclusively, and workmen stationed in the quarry for any length of tine are required to wear respirators. In the primary crusher, the rock is wet at intervals, and discharging point of the crusher to the belt conveyor is housed and exhausted. The building containing the screens is completely enclosed, as are also the screens individually, and adequate exhaust systens are used with distant points of discharge. The dust counts are now below 5 million particles per cubic foot at all places where oper ators are stationed, and further reductions at some points are anticipated. All workmen are examined and x-rayed every 6 months as a check on the efficiency of lust control measures. The remainder of the paper deals with improvements in quarry operation affecting the shape of the sand particles, and control of sizing 03117875 HW88-0007973 References to Recent Literature - 5 "? / 712 CHailCAL DETERMINATION OF QUARTZ (FREE SILICA) IN DUSTS. E. Kaplan and !J. T. fales. Ind. & Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed. 2Qt 538 (July 5, 1938), The writers propose the application of the compound interest law to determine the rate of loss of silica in the Knopf (hydrofluosilicic acid) and the Line and Aradine (fluoboric acid) methods for the determination of free silica. By applying Knopf's factor of 0.1% loss per day and Line and Aradine's factor of 0.34% loss per day to the mathematical formula derived from the compound inter est law, the writers calculate the total free silica loss for any number of days. The chief difficulty with this procedure is that the factor of rate of loss is not constant, but varies widely with different particle sizes as has been demon strated by Moke md Harris. 713 CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS CN THE QUESTION OF INDUSTRIAL CANCER OF ASBESTOS WORKERS. F. Kornig. Ztschr. f. Krebsforsch, 231-7 (1938). (German). A 35 year old woman who worked in ar. asbestos factory from 1919 to 1928 fell ill of asbestosis. In 1937 a sharply defined shadow was seen roentgenograph!cally in the upper left lobe. This shadow was considered by the author to be a car- . cinoma and in the decision on the case, a causal relation between the presence of asbestosis and the development of carcinoma was accepted. The correct diag nosis of carcinoma was confirmed on atuopsy. 714 THE INDUSTRIAL CANCER OF WORKERS IN ASBESTOS. M. Nordmann. Ztschr. Krebsforch. 47, 288-302 (1933). The author describes 6 cases of asbestosis with lung carcinoma, of which 5 were squamous carcinoma with homification and the other an adenocarcinoma. Moat of the cases were younger than the average case of lung cancer. The exposure to asbestos had lasted 7 to 21 years, and had begun 15 to 20 years before observa tion of the carcinoma, witn the exception of .an elderly woman who had only an exposure of 19 months, 17 years before observation, and who had a high degree of asbestosis. What property of asbestos is responsible for the cancer devel---oping on the groundwork of asbestosis is not yet known, but there may be in asbestos so-called carcinogenic substances. 715 TESTS OF A BARRIER USING ROCK DUST IN PAPER BAGS. H, P. Greenwald and H. C. Howarth. U.S. Bur. Mines, Rapt. Investigations No. 3411, 16 pp., (August 1938), Obtainable free from Division of Information, U.S, Bureau of Mines, Washington, D. C. A recently developed method of explosion, barrier is tested by the Bureau, The method consists in dusting with limestone placed in paper bags which are mount ed on posts in trackless entries. The bags are mounted in such a way as to be automatically opened by the shock waves in advance of an explosion and complete description is given of the technique used. The ten to3ts made were successful ir. every case but cne. They are described as cheaper than those methods recom menced in their Bulletin No. 353 but are not recommended for entries provided with track. The limestone used is especially treated to increase resistance to moisture. 716 SOME OBSERVATIONS ON COAL-MINE FANS AND COAL-MINE VENTILATION. D, Harrington and E. H. Denny. U.S. Bur, Mines, Inf. Circ. No, 7032, 20 pp, (August 1938). Obtainable free from Division of Information, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, C. G. Ventilation is one of the most important single operations in mining for pro tecting lives and ir. promoting efficiency of operation. During 1932 and 1955 inclusive, the explosion record in coal-mines was very good but during 1937 and 1938 experience has bc-en bad, and it is suggested that the cause may be due 03117876 HiiB6-00B797*i References to Recent Literature - 6 largely to the overlooking of the ventilation requirements. This bulletin pre sents a summary of important considerations in ventilation including a review of state and federal laws and an explanation of the requirements. Thirty-two recommendations are listed. The record shows that most destructive explosions occur in "non-gassy" mines and the dangerous conditions may develop on short notice from seemingly unhazardous mines. 717 PREPARATION OF SYNTHETIC DUST. Herbert Friess. Gasmaske 29-34 (1938). (German). The paper describes a method for producing dust of a size that is uniform, re producible and significant from the standpoint of industrial hygiene, for in stance ir. investigations of dust filters. Water vapor is allowed to react upon tiie vapor cf certain metallic chlorides, producing the metal oxide dust and hydrochloric acid, which is absorbed by activated charcoal. Titanium chloride was used in the experiments. The particles of titanium dioxide were 1 micron and less in size and had a definite crystal form. The dust could be reproduced in any desired amount. 718 INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE. THE PLAN AND SCOPE OF THE INTEREST OF THE NATIONAL ASSOCIA TION OF MANUFACTURERS IN THIS FIELD. Victor G. Heiser. Ind, Med. g, 541-3 (September 1938), In this article, Dr. Heiser tells of the objects of the newly organized Cdomittee on Healthful Working Conditions. The aims are to learn of tile best practices now in use and help coordinate them to a more general application. From the standpoint of the industrial doctor, it is stated that not only because of a doonr's medical knowledge but also because of hie knowledge of human nature, it is expected that his activities will be greatly enlarged within the next five or ten years. 719 THE CONTROL OF TUBERCULOSIS IN INDUSTRY--A RESPONSIBILITY AND A PROFIT, C. D, . Selby, Medical Consultant, General Motors Corp., Detroit, Mich. Presented before National Tuberculosis Assoc., Los Angeles, Calif., June 23, 1936. Copies obtain* able from author. Tuberculosis is not an occupational disease, but its prevention may become indus try's most important health problem for the following reasonsi (l) tuberculosis is a terminal infection in silicosis; (2) there is a tendency to assume that dusi aggravates tuberculosis; and (3) tuberculosis is more prevalent than the occu pational diseases, Qn the last point, in the group studied by the author, the number of individuals who lost time on account of occupational diseases was 1,3 per 10,000 workers against 40 per 10,000 who have active lesions. The time lost from occupational diseases was 1 day per million hours' work. Industry can act as a case-finding agency, protect workmen with open cases within the plants, and safeguard workmen against conditions of employment that might accelerate minimal lesions or aggravate quiescent ones, but it cannot control outside causes even though the employee group is affected. So far as industry is concerned, the sound long range program is to clear the plants of tuberculosis and to keep them clear. These considerations lead to a health maintenance program which the author proposes, not only for prevention of tuberculosis, but to include preven tion of all possible hazards. This program includes procedures for control ofi (1, sources of disease in the plant; (2) diseases in the workmen; and (3) dis abilities. Under the first heading, the doctor is called the health officer of the plant, with the duty of locating and identifying exposures, determining thei: importance, and initiating and maintaining control. In control of diseases, the doctor is responsible for detection of physical impairments and diseases and 03117877 W' References to Recent Literature - 7 CT< rv. OS "determination of their significance as actual or possible sources of disability treating them if of occupational origin, and merely reporting his findings to i the workmen if the disease is non-occupational. His duties include the follow-^ ing types of physical examinations: pre-employment, transfer, periodical, re- * entrance, and requested. He may be consulted on ailments that may or may not be related to occupation, and should conduct such consultation as if he were in private practice, but must not infringe upon the rights of the family physician. He should keep records of all examinations, consultations, reports and other in formation. In controlling disabilities, he should support his opinions and decisions by recognized counsel rather than carry the whole load. The decrease of 5.5% that has already occurred in the tuberculosis death rate is cited as showing that industry can help in its further reduction. 720 NEED FOR NATIONAL'HEALTH PROGRAM. U.S. Monthly Labor Review 46, 1369-75 (June 1938). According to a report submitted to The President by the Technical Committee on Medical Care, the annual cost of illness and premature death in the United States amounts to approximately 10 billion dollars. It is also estimated that on an average day 4 millions or more are disabled by illness and each year 70 million lose, through illness, more than 1 billion days from work. It is stated that as a nation, we are doing vastly less to prevent suffering and preserve health than we know how to do through tried and tested methods. 721 RELATIONSHIP Of INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE TO PRIVATE PRACTICE. C. D. Selby, M. D,, Medical C. -.sultant, General Motors Cory., Detroit, Mich. Presented before Section on Industrial Medicine and Surgery, N. Y. State Medical Society, May 12, 1938, Copies obtainable from authcr. There are 5 classes of physicians practicing in relation to industry, full-time, part-time and on call. The last 2 groups are general practitioners or special ists, only incidentally serving in industry, and can be regarded as private _ practitioners, although they furnish service to about 85% of the industrial <- establishments in the United States. The basic function of industrial medicine, as exemplified by the first group, is health maintenance or preventive medicine. This function comprises industrial hygiene, physical supervision and therapy, Ir industrial hygiene, the plant physician assists the management in protecting the workmen against occupational diseases and diagnoses such diseases. The private practitioner in industry, if he is to fulfill those functions to any extent, must offer advice on hygiene problems or have information on where it can be obtained. In making diagnoses, he must inform himself on the patient's history, In physical supervision, the plant physician must make decisions as to the facts of exposure and of physical condition, and to refer non-industrial cases to pri vate physicians. Regarding therapy, regular industrial physicians are moving steadily from surgery to preventive medicine, leaving them dependent upon con sultants who are in reality private practitioners. The plant physician, there fore, acts as a case-finding agency, (except in occupational disease cases, which are infrequent). This trend of industrial medicine to ally itself with private practice should be encouraged. The real problem is the private practi tioner in industry, the inadequacy of his service and the competition engenders with private practice. Attention is called for reforms suggested by Dr. R. G. Leiand (our abstract No, 407, 1937), -including among others: (1) recognition of a three fold function of medicine, public health administration, plant con trol, and care- of sick and injured workmen; (2) acceptance of the expert in in dustrial health control as a specialist in medical practice; (3) formulation of criteria to determine whether certain diseases ore occupational; and (4) study to accomplish a reconciliation of divergent views on choice of a physician. 03117878 KWBB-B087976 References tc Recent Literature - 8 722 FU2LIG HEALTH SERVICES AND INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE. J. J. 3uclvtn and D. Stewart. (2 papers). Publ, Health 51, 165-8 (1938). This paper by a 3ritish health officer and a factory doctor cover the came gen eral field as the paper by Sayers and Bloomfield abstracted here, in -urging cooperation in the preservation of health of workers and not merely prevention of occupational diseases. 723 PUBLIC HEALTH ASPECTS OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE, R, R. Layers and J. J. Bloomfield. J, An, Med. Asscc. 111. 679-83 (August 2G, 1938). The authors discuss industrial hygiene as the science of the preservation of the health of workers, and relate the progress made in recent years. More attention is being given occupational diseases than any other phase of the problem, but occupational diseases account for only 8 per cent of the 2 million '.forking hours of lo3t time due to compensation cases alon in 1935. On the other hand, ill ness causes 15 times as much absenteeism as do industrial injuries, A suggested program includes, first, obtaining complete statistics on illness of workers, fclloTfed by a study of particular industries, and finally definite recommendation for control of existing or potential health hazards. This program involves cooperation of state and local authorities, other physicians and industrialists. 724 '''HaT EVERY HEALTH OFFICER SHOULD KNOW, INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE. Leverett D. Bristol. An. J, Pub. Health 28, 1030-2 (September 1938). This paper is one of a series presented at the Health Officers Section of the American Public Health Association at its annual meeting. Dr. Bristol outlines the principal developments, of which the health officer should be aware. They include: the organisation and administration of several federal and state agen cies; the demand for trained personnel; the extent to which state laws for occu pational disease compensation have been enacted, including the states in which reporting of cases of occupational disease is required; industrial health apprair al; the organized research that is now being conducted; the Section of Industrie; Hygiene of the American Public Health Association; and the results of the work cn aluminum as a protector dust. 725 THE PHYSICIAN IN INDUSTRY. A. D. Lazenby, Ind. Med. Zt 593-8 (September 1938), This paper is an excellent discussion of the industrial physician, not only as to his relation to industry but mo his relation to national health as well. The author brings out the developments in the medical profession in recent years and the problem of the treatment of the large wage earning class of industrial work ers, He cites the need for better understanding of the problem by the medical profession as a whole so that their much needed cooperation can be obtained.The . field of industrial medicine is indeed growing and offers on opportunity for scientific study and advancement of the profession. 726 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY MEET CL J, SCHOOL DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE. Fred Fritz. Ind. Mad. Zt 576-7 (September 1938). About 2 years ago, in conjunction with the executives and medical departments of a group of industries, the Medical School established a Department of Occupa tional Disease. Their program, founded on practicability, includes research, case history studies, undergraduate and graduate instruction, and clinical study. The department conducts -an annual occupational disease symposium. 727 INDUSTRIAL INJURIES r.N.r. BUSINESS CONDITIONS, M. D. Kosscris. Labor Inform. Bull. _5, 12-13 (June 1333). The accident frequency rides and fxlls with Gjnploysnent,t ihe author bslisves this nay bo due to several factors; one, that older and more experienced employ ees are kept or. payrolls in bud times .nd it is the younger, more inexperienced 03117879 References to Recent Literature - 9 1^1 HWBB-00079/ who are most prone to accidents, Also, during sleek periods, only the most efficient equipment is used and it is usually the safest. It is possible, too, that during a depression, injuries are not reported to =s large an extent be cause of lost time and pay. The problem is, however, one of assiduous safety training of new and rehired men. 79 SICKNESS AND ABSENTEEISM AND MORTALITY IN MEMBER CEMENT PLaNIS, 1957, ,lt J. R. Curtis.- Portland Cement A3soc.f Chicago, 111. (June 1938). In this CL page mimeographed report, sickness absenteeism of 31 cement plants is analyzed and compared with similar data for 1957 by the U. S, Public Health Ser vice. The report shows that the health of employees in the cement industry is comparable to that of any group of the same economic status. No correlation was found between the illness rate and degree of exposure to operating conditions in the plants. The death rate for tuberculosis was 0.07 per 1,000 which is 8$ lower than that given by the National Tuberculosis Association for employed males from the 1930 U. S. Census, 729 FREQUENCE CF DISABLING ILLNESS AMONG INDUSTRIAL EMPLOYEES DURING 1952-37 AND THE FIRST vLlRTEK OF 1938. William M. Gafafer and Elizabeth D. Frasier. D. S. Pub. Health Repts. 53,, 1562-71 (September 2, 1936). Obtainable from Supt, of Documents, Washington, D. C., for 5 cents, cash. Records were obtained of cases of sickness and non-industrial injuries lasting 8 consecutive days or longer during 1937 for which benefits were paid to members of 29 industrial sick benefit, -ssociations, representing a total of approximately 0,000 cases for 200,000 males and 2500 cases for 17,000 females. The exact fre quency of sickness and non-indu3trial injuries among males was 99.5 cases per 1000 as compared with 86.7 for 1932-36} for the females the corresponding rates were 151.1 for 1937 and 144.6 for 1932-36. Grippe and influenza were more preva lent in 1937 than in the average of 1932-36, 43% greater in males and 18% greater in females. There was also some indication among both sexes of an increasing trend in a number of other diseases and a decreasing trend in others, but the differences do not seem especially significant. This record is contrasted with __ other reports showing 1937 to be a low year in disease records, but it is pointee _< out that they are obtained from mortality statistics and indicate a low percent age of deaths, while the authors' figures refer to sickness and non-fatal injur ies only. The frequency rate for sickness and non-industrial injuries for the lot quarter (obtained for males only, 95.8 cases per 1000 males) was the lowest rate for that period since 1934. 730 DISCUSSION OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS JID DISEASES. REPORT OF 1937 CONVENTION. International Association of Industrial Accident Boards and Commissions, York Harbor, Maine. U.S. Dept. Labor, Div. Labor Standards Bull, No. 17 (1938). The subjects covered wore: legislative problems of the Workmen's Compensation Act, administration of an occupational disease law, problems of insurance, med ical subjects, safety and rehabilitation, and the business meeting. Two inter esting papers were those of Dr. Greenburg on the diagnosis of occupational dis ease and Mrs. Tousant on the choice of physicians by injured employees. Volun tary plans of insurance, the advantages and disadvantages of a State Fund, and details of Workmen's Compensation Act Administration are discussed at length. 731 COMPENSATION OF INDUSTRIAL DISEASES. A. Fell. Prosse med. pp. 763-4 (1938). (French). In the January 7, 1937 issue of Presse Medical, was published a list of about 100 industrial diseases that should be reported. The present list is of report able industrial diseases that should be made compensable. The French list is 03117880 References tc Recent Literature - 10 KHtffe2 0 0 0 7 9 . unusua] ir. that it includes not only the disease itself (e.g. lead poisoning) but also fonts of it that are covered by insurance (e.g, lead colic, lead rheu matism, etc,), and the occupations and industries in which these clinical symto complexes are compensated. The method by which industrial diseases are reporte o.nd compensated is given and the forms used. 732 WOMEN IN INDUSTRY. M. H, Kronenberg. Ind. Med. 7, 563-75 (September 1958), '.Yemen have always been employed in industry and thc-ir numbers and extent of em ployment ':;as steadily beer, increasing. They present a separate problem which cannot be overlooked. Two important aspects of the situation are: (1) that women are known to be more susceptible to industrial poisons (as lead and benzol) than are men and (i) that care must be used in their employment both before and after childbirth, often a serious consideration. In general, they require better health provisions than do men. 753 THE ENGINEER'S PLACE IN INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE. Warren ... Cook. Ind, Med. 7, 551-5 (September 1538). In this paper, addressed particularly to plant engineers, the author tells of their problems, together with suggestions as to their activities. One of them is to be thoroughly acquainted with all materials used in the plant and to be informed on their possible toxic effects. He should be informed as to sources of information if he does not have the services of a plant physician. When the hazards are known it is sometimes not a difficult matter to change the process in some way or to install methods to reduce the hazards. Most industrial states have industrial hygiene departments which are usually the most available source cf information. 734 INDUSTRIAL EXHAUST VENTILATION. CENTRIFUGAL EXHAUST FaNS. John L, Aldan. Heat. & Vent. .35, 6C~4 (September 1938), See note on Abstract No. 524 in our July bulletin. 3ecause fans arc rated in different terms by different manufacturers it is necess ary to understand the basic considerations in order to make comparisons. Velocit_pressure, static pressure and impact pressure are defined, discussed and shown graphically in a clear manner. Power consumption, effect of density on power, and general performance curves are discussed and shown graphically as are also speed, fan si2e, fan types, wheel types and fan drives. The most common type of fan used in industrial exhaust ventilation is the planing mill exhauster, a heavy rugged fan built to withstand abuse. Most manufacturers build both "stan dard" and "slow speed" types and the author discusses items to consider in se lecting one or the other. "Slow speed" fans are larger, more expensive to oper ate. Noise and vibration, two objectionable features cf fans, are very diffi cult to eliminate. Checking static and dynamic balance or insulation may reduce vibration but it is thought that the noise is caused by the passage of the blades past the cut-off in the casing. The possibilities of adapting fans to use as dust separators is briefly discussed. Centrifugal inertia concentrates particles of different sizes which can be discharged into separate cutlet cas ings or into compartments of the same casing. 735 INSPECTING THE PLANT FOR HEALTH HAZARDS, Milton H, Kronenberg, Nat, Safety News 33, 53-4 78-9 (August 1938). n. complete plant inspection comprises 3 phases! (1) the preliminary or visual survey; (2) an exact quantitative study of the potentialities revealed by the preliminary study; and (3) an occupational morbidity and mortality study. The scope, methods and value of each are discussed. The responsibilities of the man agement, the physician, the engineer, the supervisor, the employee, the nurse, and the safety director, in applying the results of a survey and in maintaining good conditions are indicated, ___ . _ 03117SS1 HifBB-0007979 References to Recent Literature - 12 756 AIR CONDITIONING IN RELATION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE. W. K. Carrier. Ind. Med. 563-9 (September 1958), . Air conditioning was first developed in industry to maintain certain conditions required in the manufacture of hygroscopic products, such as textiles, tobacco and chocolate. Its principles were soon extended to controlling conditions for human comfort. In those industries in which air conditioning was installed prim arily for control of product, it has been found that the conditions were also beneficial tc the workers. Numerous examples are cited in which control of tem peratures and .tumidities has resulted in better health, greater efficiency, tetter morale, and decreased illness. This, together with scientific research on optimum conditions, makes air conditioning an important feature of industrial hygiene. 737 A i'ao'i METHOD TOR AIR FILTERS. Richard S. Dill, U.S. Bureau of Standards, Wash ington, D. C. Heating, Piping & Air Cond, 22, 549-51 (August 1958), The procedure for testing air filters in use by the Bureau of Standards is des cribed, with mechanical details. 3 758 AIR FILTER PERFORMANCE AS AFFECTED 31 KIND OF DUST, RATE 0? DUST FEED AND AIR VELOCITY THROUGH FILTER. Frank B. Rowley and Richard C. Jordan, Heating, Pip ing & .-.ir Cond. 10, 539-48 (August 1938). Reprints exhausted. A tentative code for testing air filters was adopted by the American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers in 1935, but there were a number of controvers ial points undecided at that time. The investigation reported was for the pur pose of settling some of those points, including methods of measuring du*t con centrations, preparation of a suitable synthetic duet mixture, maximum duet con centration not affecting performance of the filter, and choice of representative air velocity through the filter. Experimental details, conclueions and points on which further investigation is needed, are presented. 739 PROGRESS IN DUST PROTECTION. Heinz Sisenbarth. Gasmaske 22. 35-8 (1958), (German). The construction of dust filters manufactured by the Auer Company in Germany is described and illustrated by photographs and drawings. 740 GOOD HOUSEKEEPING FEATURES TWO-STORY FOUNDRY. Pat Dwyer. Foundry , 22-4 54-9 (September 1938). ' Improvements made in the foundry department of the Otis Elevator Company's plant at Yonkers, N.Y., are described and illustrated by a number of photographs. All phases of good housekeeping have been considered, including the installation of exhaust apparatus of various types and manufacture. 741 HURON ELIMINATES DUET IN BaG HOUSE ,.ND BULK LOADING. Rock Prod. 21. S3 (Septenber 1938). Ir. the plant of the Huron Portland Cement Co., at Detroit, dust is largely elim inated from the bag house by the use of a perforated table top on which the bigs are sorted. The top contains about 40QQ holes and is connected to a hopper and down drift exhaust leading to a dust collector on the floor below, A similar perforated top is used in the bag repair room, also equipped with a slot which draws a continuous curtain of air past the operator's face. A suction'system applicable to loading of either box or hopper cars is also described. 03117882 0 -V _< References to Recent Literature - 12 HtiBn-O0B798 (C) Papers on Industrial Poisons. Cancer. Dermatitis, etc. 742 TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY CONDITIONS OF THE kTMOSPHEEE IS MINES AT GRE f.trkn nlJ^i-TM-ini'UriCw J, H. Dobson and W. A. ITalker. Colliery Guardian 157. 255-40 (August 5, 1933) This is a discussion of humidity and temperature conditions in deep nines from the engineering and mathematical standpoints, with brief statements ;-f whit ha been accomplished in South Africa and what nay be expected in the future. .Vccr.g the conclusions derived by the authors is the superiority of water or brine ever _ir as a medium to convey cosiness to the points desired. Another is the impor tance of determining the exact location of the regions in the mine requiring priority treatment, and confining the cooling to places of actual work. All in dications point to bringi' : mining operations up to depths of 10,000 feet and over, within the pale of economic practicability 20 far as mine cooling is con cerned, thus tending to prolong the lives of existing mines by many years and greatly increasing the prospects of newer mining areas. PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT OF PROLONGED MUSCULaR WORK ndrieu and G. Trechincs. Travail hur.air. 6,, 11-38 (1938). (French). The authors investigated changes in respiration end circulation when hard work is Carried out in the morning after sleep and when the same work is done in the evening after = work day. After discussing the literature, the authors write of their aim experiments which were made by two medical students on a treudwheel, One of the students was used to cycling, the other had never done much, -although this apparently made little difference in the experiments. The results showed that hypervenilaticr. of the lung was marked during fatigue, also vital capacity, oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide given off. Acceleration of the heart dur ing work in a fatigued condition is slight, blood pressure lowered. 744 THE PERMISSIBLE WORKING TIME IN HIGH TEMPERATURES -JJD HUMIDITIES. 0. Ehrismann ana A, Hnsse. Arch. f. Gewerbeputh, u. Gewc-rbehyg, 611-38 (1938), (Gorman). The authors made experiments in a conditioned room of the Berlin Hygienic Insti tute to test the effect of temperature and air humidity on capacity and skin persoiratior.. Air motion was kept low to simulate conditions in mines and the ' results mere to bo used as a basis for laws covering hours of work in mines. One skilled miner and two students served as subjecus. The results -are present ed in a number of charts and tables. It was found that the effective temper ature of Yaglou and his collaborators was better suited to determine the capa city threshold than the Kata thermometer. Taking 60% of the original capacity as the point where a decrease in work time is necessary, the authors conclude that 25C wet bulb constitute the upper limit for the normal working time. Skin perspiration varies widely and its behavior is not reproduced regularly by the dry or wet Kata value; also agreement with the effective temperature is not pre dictable. 745 THE NEED FOR PROLONGED ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION IN DROWNING, ASPHXIATION AND ELECTRIC SHOCK. G. Gates, P-. E. Gaby md V!. Machlachlan. Canadian Med, Assoc. J, 39, 120-3 (august 1938), In this short article the authors cite several examples of persons who have been revived by persistant efforts of life saver3 ad-ministering artificial res piration. Several persons who hud been under water for periods of 9 to 25 min utes were saved. There is a classic case of a man who received an electric show of 26,000 volts and was revived after 6 hours work by his rescuers. Great emphasis is laid on the need for immediate application of artificial respiratio: The- second point emphasized is that nrti ^'"i il respiration must be continued until the body has grown cold or rigor mortis sets in. A victim can frequently be saved even though no heart beat, pulse or respiration can be detected by a physician. 03117883 References to Recent Literat,ure - 1 746 SOIL CHxJlACTE.-.IST:C3 IN RELATION TO DIST.iNCE FROM INDUSTRIAL CENTERS. M. M. as McCool ana Mehlich. Contrib. Boyce Thompson Inst. 9,, 353-69 (1936). Reprint^ iv-iil-ble from Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, 1066 North BroadwuyS Yonkers, N. Y, o>oil from near the industrial centers of Philadelphia and St. Louis 'nd vicin- (4 ities wns analyzed so as to obtain a possible correlation of soil content with i*5 ,;unntity of sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere. Natural fumigations of the order* of magnitude studied caused no appreciable .-.Iteration in the soil oh.-.ricteristies s indicated by ^ H values, titratable acidity, base-exchange capacity, replace able calcium .nd magnesium, sulfur content and percentage of s-nd, silt end clay of soil. The slight -aciiulation of certain soils tested is much less than the .cidulution due to rx.t\aral processes in the soil and could be overcome by lime. It is evident from the results that soils about centers of considerable sulfur dioxide production, like St, Louis, hove not been noticeably altered in spite f many years of -exposure. 74' NTS OF LEAVES 711 THIN SD :.T DIFFERENT DISTANCES FROM IbTRI.iL M, McCcol and Arnold N, Johnson, Contrib. Eoyce Tbcap- son Inst. 2,t 571--50 (1038). See note on preceding abstract. In addition to the investigations on soil characteristics, observations were uc.de on growth conditions of vegetation in the Camden, N. J., East St. Louis, 111., and St. Louis, Mo., regions. Nitrogen, total sulfur and sulfate sulfur were determined in leaves of several plants, varying from small weeds to trees. The tot.1 and sulfate sulfur contents were then correlated with distance from the industrial center. Nearly all the tests with the same plant on the same soil showed a slight decrease in sulfur content with increase in distance, in nest cases too small to be significant, but when they are considered ns a whole, the preponderance of results in the same direction indicates slight but definite correlation. Other tests have shorn, that the sulfur content of plants may be increased greatly 'without injury. There was no relationship between total sul fur content and amount of nitrogen in the leaves. 743 CONTROLLING LEnD EXPOSURE. R, Kehoe. Nat. Safety News 54-6, 80-2 (September 1936). although improved methods of protection have led to a decline in the death rate frem lead poisoning, hygienic conditions are still bad in many snail plants. It is unnecessary to m-Jce sweeping changes to secure adequate protection. An over- wr.elming proportion of cases of industrial lead poisoning is due to inhaled lead. :.ad atmospheric lead s.aould be determined where there is suspected exposure. Study of absorption and elimination of lead in the body give a reliable clue to the extent of poisoning. Dangerous lead absorption sometimes occurs .as the re . suit of apparently insignificant changes in .technical procedures. The indus trial physician should look for sources of exposure r .ther than confine himself to the treatment of cases. The safe limits of exposure ore not fully known, but there is apparently a point below which lead is eliminated as fust as it is take into the system. 749 METHOD FOR THE di LYSIS OF DUST ,JID FUMES FOR LEAD AND ZINC. Samuel Moskowitz end iVillj.:.- J. Burke, Div. of Industrial Hygiene, N.Y, State Dept, of Labor, 80 Centre St., New York City. J, Ird. Hyg, & Toxicol. 2, 457-64 {September 1953). Reprints obtainable from senior author. Dithizano is tue best reagent known for the- estimation of lead -.nd zinc in small quantities. The methods used are two involving colorimetric comparison and one in which titration ic used. The authors favor the titration method, especially when only i few s-jnples are to be analyzed. Their method consists in the extrac tier, of the met^l as a dithizone complex, removing the excess dithizone reagent. 03117884 References to r.ecent Literature - 14 HWBB-000798" decomposing the complex, and titrating the liberated dithizone against stan dard lead nitrate solution, By suitable manipulation, lead arid zinc can be determined in the same sample. Analyses of solutions with known amounts of lead and zinc disclose the precision of the method to bo- 0.001 mg. when less than 0,050 mg. of the metal3 is present in the original sample. Directions are given for avoiding interference by copper, tin and bisauth. 750 THE ABSORPTION AND EXCRETION Of IxaD ARSENaTE IN MAN. Lawrence T. F-.irh.dl and Paul A. Neal. U. S, Pub. Health Septs. 5, 1?51-45 (July A?., 1938). Obtainable from Supt, of Documents, Washington, D. C., for 5 cents, cash. iji investigation was undertaken in order to determine so far as possible, (1) the extent to which lead arsenate is absorbed, (`O the route by which the absorb ed material is eliminated from the system, (3) the systemic effect of small mounts cn man, and (4) the effect of Ingested ammonium chloride plus a low c-ilcium diet on possible storage following ingestion of lead arsenate. On account of the necessary careful experimental control, only human experimenta tion could be used. Each of two men ingested 100 mg. af lead arsenate over a period of 10 days while on a controlled diet, The degree of absorption, path of excretion and toxicity of the dosage were evaluated. Variations of the cal cium content of the diet ana the effect of change in hydrogen ion concentration as induced by ammonium chloride wore noted. One significant fact is the extent 0 to which lead arsenate is broken down within the human organism. The lead largely excreted in the feces whereas the arsenic is almost completely elimin ated in the urine. A second fact of significance is that by careful physical examination and medical observation throughout, no evidence of injury to the two individuals from the ingestion of 100 mg. of lead arsenate token over a period of 10 days was apparent. This result implies nothing as to the possi bility of toxicity from massive doee-s or from the daily ingestion of snail amounts over longer periods. The effect of the ingested ammonium chloride and low cilcium diet upon the lead output was not as great as was anticipated and no simple definite conclusions can be drawn. The difference in the paths of excretion followed by the arsenic and loud shows that complete solution of lead arsenate occurs at some stages in passing through the intestinal tract. ' 751 RELATION 3ET.TEEN LEaD POISONING, VASCULAR CHANGES AND PORPHYRI*. J. Putnoky and St. Sumegi. Arch. f. Gewerfcepath. u, G-awerbehyg. , 570-90 (1938). (German). The authors experimented on white r.ats in which they induced a subacute lead poisoning (death within 2 to 4 weeks). The blood pressure changes were not striking, both rise and fall were noted, adrenalin sensitivity was increased, usually ns the period of poisoning progressed. At autopsy, they found not only a normal porphyrin content in the gastro-intostinal tract but also porphyrin in kidneys and bone marrow. A temporary concurrence of porphyrinuria and increased adrenalin sensitivity was found. 752 LEaD ANALYSES OF HaIR aS :*N INDICATION OF EXPOSURE TO LEAD. Joseph L. Melnick and George R, Cowgill, J, Soc. Exptl, Biol, Med. S99-902 (1938). The administration of lead salts to young white rats did not lead to an in creased amount of the metJ. in the hair. In man high lead concentration in the hair indicates that the individual was exposed to ?. high concentration of lead dust. 753 C.iRSCN MONOXIDE HE.tD.iCHE AND aNOXEMIa, May R. Moyers. Ind. Bull. H, 317 (July 1938), Obtainable from Div. of Industrial Hygiene, N.Y. State Dept, of Labor, 0 Centre St., New York City, It is generally agreed that most of the effects of carbon monoxide poisoning can bo attributed to anoxemia, due to the depletion of blood and tissue oxygen by 03117885 I <T>C References to Recent Literature - 15 the carbon monoxide. It has also been assumed that carbon monoxide headache caused by edema of the brain resulting from anoxemia. Dr. Mayers presents ar meats against the latter assumption showing that the characteristic headache experienced when the concentration of carbon monoxide is toe lew to produce s ious anoxemia, and that other causes of anoxemia, such ns ascent tc high alti tuaes, do not cause similar headaches. Sh: suggests that the known greater t icities of mixtures of carbon monoxide may to some extent account for the head ache, and urges further study of poisoning by lew concentrations of carbon mon oxide . 754 C.BBON MONOXIDE PSEUDG-KEMOGLOEIN, THE LhTE DETECTION OF CaEBON MONOXIDE POISON ING .dJD CARBON MONOXIDE EFFECT ON THE .JJIMJ, ORGANISM. G. Barkan. Dtsh. mod. Wchnschr, 64, 636-40 (1938), (German), Psuedo-hemoglobins ire intermediates in the course of physiologic.-. 1 conversion of the blood pigment into bile pigment. They accompany the real blood pigment in amounts of S;s of hemoglobin. The iron in it is easily split off. The "relative carbon monoxide affinity" of psuedo-humoglobin is significantly great er than that of hemoglobin. In the action of carbon monoxide, the checking of the total iron splitting off from the blood, in dilute acid, is really signifi cant, This condition serves as a useful diagnostic ad in carbon monoxide poisoning; perhaps pathogenic action is also involved and c<on contribute to the understanding of chronic carbon monoxide poisoning. 755 Gs6S FROM CARBON aP.CS; .B3ENCE OF OZONE, R, ff, Coltmnn and H. G. MacPherson. Research Laboratories, National C .rbon Company, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio, J, Ind. Hyg, 4. Toxicol. CO, 465-7 (September 193b), Reprints probably obtainable from senior author. In the earlier work of the authors and collaborators, the possibility of the presence of ozone in the combustion products of carbon arcs was discussed. Other investigators had apparently detected th~ presence of ?. small quantity of ozone. The authors point out a source of inaccuracy in the experiments, in that nitro gen peroxide is not removed efficiently by an alkaline permanganate solution. In experiments in which the gases wore condensed under liquid --.ir, evaporated ' fraction illy, and examined spectroscopically, it was shewn that no ozone was present. Its absence is also shown by spectroscopic examination of the mixed gases, as well as strongly indicated on theoretical grounds. 753 POLLUTION OF JR BE DIESEL ENGINES. M .urin .nd a, Kling, Rev. petroliforo No. 765, 49-55 (1938), (French). The carbon monoxide content in the exh .ust gas of Diesel engines is very low (0,3..-0,5$), at most 1,5$ through intention.il maladjustments of the engine. The ...mount of smoke and its odor are less at full load than under part load. Un burnt solids and liquids are always present in the exhaust, being in the form of lubricating oil, organic acids, aldehydes, and oxides of sulfur. Purification by moans of a water bath and cyclone-type sop irutor in series is cap '.ble of eliminating -TO gm. (79$) out of `SO ,jm. of solids and liquids, the other ?1$ being removed with -an activated carbon filter. Addition of sodium carbonate or lime tc the water bath is recommended. 757 LI3I0N3 OF THE KIDNE2S AND LIViK Or huBBITs POISONED EX INHaLaTION OF CARBON TETEdliLGRIDE V.iPOR, Pasteur V llcry-R-dot, G. M*uric, A. Dom.-'rt and MUe, G uthier-i/ill..rs. Cornpt, rend. soc. bid. l~b. 464-5 (1956). R-.obits were allowc-u to breathe ir containing carbon tetrichlori'le vapor under observation several weeks and were- finally examined for lesions of the kidneys, adrenals md liver. The lesions were quite variable. Prolonged albuminuria and urocilinuria were, nearly -vl-ways produced. 03117886 J fy l a j)'\v /'c KU6B-00B7984 References co Recent Literature - 15 75d EXPERIMENT,iL C.aRBON TETRACHLORIDE POISONING IN I HE Cl. I. INFLUENCE OF CAL CIUM ADMINISTRATION, A, Cmtarow, Harold L. Stewart and David R, Morgan, J. Pharnncol. 63, 153-72 (1938). If 0.3 cc. carbon tetrachloride per kg. is injected subcutaneously, the mortal ity is about 33%. The hepatic lesions are described in detc.il. Rep air is com plete in the survivors in about 14 diys. It a group given * cc. of 10% calcium glucog ilactogluconr.to daily after the c irtor. tetr .chloride-, the r.ort clity was reduced.to h-lf and there was much less hep-tic cell disintegration r.d less impairment of the functional activity of the Kupffer cells, 759 KE..LIH H*Z 3 o IN THE DRY-CLE.-dllMG INDUSTRY. .. PRELIKIN JOT REPORT OF , dURVEY OF DRY-CLEWING ES I iBLIEHMENTb IN THE DETROIT METROPOLITAN JiE.,. Willi jt. H. Cary, Jr., and John M. Hepler. .Us. J. Pub. Health .28, 1029-41 (September 1938). Reprints probably obtainable from the Bureau of Industrial Hygiene, Dept of Health, Detroit, Mich. This is the report of a survey of dry-cleuning establishments in .nd near Detroit in which the city and state Bureaus of Indus trial Hygiene cooperated, ,-jr. in teresting description of the entire diy-clenning process and of its historical development is included. At tno time th..t most of the present regulations were drawn, the only hazard was that of fire from gasoline, which was the usual sol vent. Avoidance of fire hazards h ,s proceeded in two directions, n. mcly, the use of higher boiling hydrocarbons -nd of chlorinated hydrocarbons, The latter substances ire now used very extensively, and have introduced u toxic risk. On account of expense, those solvents must be reclaimed, and wholly or partly closed systems are used, but un.-s afe concentrations were- often found in the survey Dermatitis, usually light, is also common. Lists of spotting -.gents -.nd of mothproofing -.gents ^ro included. M .ny of these '.Iso involve h .zardous expo sures. Other hazards of the industry -re unn .tur-! postures, tenovitis, exces sive humidity, moisture, heat nu carbon monoxide, but they .re of minor significnco in comparison with vapor exposures. There is little legal regulation of the present hazards of this industry, 760 CKLOR..CETYLENE SOLVENTS. TOXICOLOGY OF TRICHLORETKYLENE .JID OF TaTR.CHLOREIHnNE. Ga.sq, Bull, tr :V, soc. pharm. Bordo. u, 7, 70-101 (1937). (French); Chimie et -- Industrie. 38, '101. (French). acute intoxication due to trichlorothylcne mnifosts itself in many by narcosis r.d loss of equilibrium -r.d of sensitiveness. Postmortem ox min .tion shows a generalized congestion of all the organs. Chronic intoxication produces nervous disturb .nces: paralysis of trigeminal .nd optic nerves and polyneuritis. The toxic dose his not yet been definitely established, but it would seem that limit of 5 mg, por liter should Do set as the maximum trichlorethylone concen tration of industrial atmospheres. Tetr .chloreth-nc -.Iso pruducos narcosis. Its prolonged 'ction manifests itself by g '.stric troubles and. ictern, frequently severe. It act3 also on tho nervous system. Industrie atmospheres should not cant-.in more than 1 mg. tetrachloroth me per liter. 761 C,,oE OF SEVERE ..CUTa, NEPHRITIS FROM INK.OPTION OF C eREON TETRACHLORIDE, Pasteur V .llery-R-idot, G. FI-.uric and a, Lennart. Bull, et mom. doc. Hop. 4. 303-9 (1938). (French). a woman who used c-rbon totr-chloriuo at homo for doming, fell ill with nausea, vomiting, back -.chc -'.nd oliguri- . On the 23rd and 24th days after the poisoning, oho produced only 60 cc, urine (for tha 7 days iltogctlicr), From tho 6th day her condition h/i improved after injections of hypertonic sugar solution; the diuresis increased gr-.du .lly. -fter north she left the bespit"! .-.nd eventual ly w..s completely cured. In the 'discussion, Beilin reports on severe nephritidos ene f-.t.l, .mong 5 young people -who h ,d spr .yea themselves, in a moment of exubtv mcc, .vith . fire extinguisher cent .ining carbon tetrachloride. 03117887 732 TRICHLORETHYLENE, Nation -.1 Safety Council, Industrial Data Sheet. D-Cher.>7. N*t. Safety News ,37, (March 1935). Obtainable from National Safety Council by its members for 5 cents. The principal hazards trichlorethylene is that of poisoning by inhalation of its vapor. It does not normally decompose in the presence of water and of the common industrial metals. However, in contact with open flames, ires, or ligh ea tobacco, the vapor decomposes with the formation of toxic -md corrosive sub stances such as hydrochloric acid ana phosgene. The vapor is toxic, but is le so than those of most other chlorinated nyurocarbons. One state hrs cot tne /i maximum allowable concentration at COO parts per million. It is believed that a concer,tr"tion detectable by odor constitutes a health hazard. The ction of trichlorethylene is apparently not comul itive, .nd under normal conditions .nd reiSun-nble precautions, it my be used ;'ith s-.fety, Its anesthetic effects are smil-r to those of chloroform and carbon tetrachloride, but it dees not seem tc cause fatty degeneration of the liver, Temporary exposure tc high concentra tions his caused irritation and digestive disturbances, usually of short dura tion. Contact with the skin may cause It tc bt dry and or-.ckod, .nd Iso pro duce the s .me effects 's inhalation. In c se of poisoning, the patient must be removed to fresh air, .nd c-.rtif ici-1 rospir..tion with carbon uioxido-^xygtn mixtures should be administered if necessary, a physic! in familiar with the treatment should be consulted. 763 C^Eo OF XRICHLQRETKYLEIIE POIoONING WITH 3PECI.L REFERENCE TO CHEMICAL CLEANING 0 WORKS, E. Schiotz, Korhisk Mid, liasskr. ljj, 306-13 (1933). (Norvegi in). Described ^re the extensive uses of this compound in industry, its importance in industrial hygiene, and also the usual clinical pi:cures presented in this form of poisoning. In the years 1932-55, only 4 cases of trichlorethylene and cases of c.-.rben tetrachloride poisoning have been notified to the Factory Inspection Board of Norway. Further investigations disclosed, however, that many cases had occurred but hud not been reported. In 18 cleaning plants "tri" poisoning w.-.s detected in 13 persons -nd 16 were found to have previously been / ,/ poisoned one or more times. In most cases the poisoning was slight although some of the symptoms found wore temporary dysarthria, loss of memory, narcomania (craving for trichlorethylene).emaciation and eczema. The usual symptoms were feeling of inebriation and languor us well as sleepiness after the day's work, Norwegian doctors -re now obliged to report cases of poisoning by halogenated hydrocarbons of the aliphatic series since they are included among the compensible occupational diseases. 764 TOXICITY OF ETHYLENE IMINE. J. P. Dancny and D. J. Pflaum. Ind. & Eng. Churn. 773 (July 1938). Doses of 0.03 gm. of ethylene imine hydrochloride per kgm. of body weight causes death to guinea pigs in 10 hrs.,0.1015 gr,. in 4 hours. The authors' experiences show that the vapors (concentrations not given) if inhaled for 2 to 3 minutes are definitely toxic to hui.i-ns. There -are no immediate symptoms but vomiting begins about 2 hours after exposure. Buccal epithelium becomes in flamed and edematus, and the eyes .re very much inflated. After 1 or 2 days the symptoms disappear entirely. Two drops of the imine dissolved in 0.5 ml, water were injacted into u cat. Within ui hour the hind quarters 7/ere paralyze and in 10 hours the animal died, autopsy showed stomach ana kidneys to be ,1k '.line in reaction. 765 PREVENTIVE aCTION ,JJD THERAPY NITH LECITHIN _ND CHOLESTERIN IN ,'JSILINE POISONIN' C. Bellesini. Med. del 1.voro _d5, 104-16 (April 1938), (Italian). Experiment .1 studies on the p thology of -cute .niline poisoning in rabbits are discussed. The results obtained indie.ta th>t lecithin :Jid cholestrin ..re 03117888 'Z i 0 < helpful. The author cl elms that these substances by sore -.ctior. r.eutr lice tk effect of .niline, .uiline w. s giver, subcut ineously in ..mounts c:' 1.5 gm,/kg. resulting in de.tr. to the animils. 736 ACUIt INTOXICATION ..Ifr. GIL, Giusc-'De Cnstrcvilli, ?. .sc . rtd. .npl. 1 ivoro ind. 9, 107-15 (193c), (ItJi R). " " . dsscriation of c no of ..cute intoxic .tior. produced by n ir.giOticidc cor.- t ir.ing e- .ad p-toluidine. The p. tivr.t v .s tre;feed with svkov.t neons injec tions of oxva'cn. PRIMARY G'f.f. LuNGo Or C .-i'Jfcli La. n o X sc v.u.'l Andre Kling, .'icbcl.s iantsor.ovr ad mar.-norlte :ros. Compt. rend. 106. (195t) . .v p rtieul .r ] ignt cc -i t..r oil, boiling ,t ?5-',C0C, produced .cute ton totij when rubbed or. tue- skin cf mice. 'Then diluted 1 to 10 in Mu;cl it ould be applied repo .tr-dly vitrout c--.using too tt.r.y Server.- ttt-icks. In r. experi ment in which t.tc solution .v s rubbed on the backs r.f 50 mic.- t.7ice- '. week for ' months, o7 mice succor.ccb I't.r pulaon- ry ir.fl..cjiv. t.'.cn, tiie first pulnoncry c inc-r eppe'.r-jd m GO vccks , -.rvl 15 of the 5 survivals died 1 tor vrith pulmon- ..rv c RCers. No skir. lesions -.npo red. fluorescent subst'nee vbt .ined from the '. il by chrojint j?r-.pr.ic methods vv s idontafiec c benzopyrene. 763 BENZENE IN' IHil P.-.INT B v,d-G!IoH INGUnlRY. wnlt.-r Moyer, f irb-- n. Loci:. 1553, p.,16 (Co reran). Ihi. review omph.-size pruvisotivo ncnsy.rvs for ".voiding poisoning by btazene. 769 HaZjJuaj Ida Ii3dNI.iL XC IKXbThl.d, 'JoEB GF HIfRQCELLULOoE L;tCw,ULrtfc, ffilli m J. Burse.-: w.a Leonard o*. Gold'.- .tor. Inf. Bull. 17, bld-5 (July lube). Reprints out in ibis from Div, -..f Industri 1 Hygiene, N.Y, abate Dept, of L-ibcr, SO Centre St,, N-.uv Y-^rk City. The ordinary nitrocellules.. l..cquer contains 5 basic ingrcdi.nts; (l) nitro cellulose, (2) solvents and diluents* (o) gums or resins: (0 softeners or plasticizers; -.nd (5) pigments or coloring matcri 2. The v--l tile ingredients - constitute --.bout 6d% by w.-ight of the tot 1. Each ingredient is discussed with reference to its toxicity. The solvents include ester solvents, ketones *.nd others, ,r.d tnc diluents 'which -.re not solvents in themselves comprise benzine (petroleum n-phth .), benzol or b>nzcno, toluol, xylcl, solvent a-.phth: and tlco- holi,, 3iLnz.no, othylone glycol and the lkyl glvc'2 eet..tes .'.re the most poisonous of the substances whose toxicity is known. The pi .sticizers, gums uir' rosins in general non-tox?c under the conditions ef use, ;ijic.ng the pigments those csr.tlining load ire the only -tries tc b f^irr-L. Most oi the potential hazard, then, both in toxicity ind infl.wrafcility, j.risos fr .-r. the solvents .nd ' diluents. The most effective vu.r.s of contr vl of both fire oca health hnz irds is liequu-tn ventilation.. Hose o.' presour-j typ^ [.'.asks may ho `:ecoss.ir;r in addi tion to,' but not as . substitute for proper ventilation. V 'rious types re suggested, depending upon th^ p..rtieul r proc.-ss. The use of properly designed spray booths h -.s bcome the st.na-.ra csthod for ventilating spray work. The three ty_,.-.c, th.j cabinet, canopy .nd tunnel booths, moot varying conditions wad the typo and details must be ad ptv.i U> the w rtieul.-.r epurution. Good huuse- k.eping-lz liss-.-nti -1, ospuci'-.lly in view of the fire hiZ-ard, ,-.CTIC ACID, N.uwien .1 fety Ceunoia . Irw.ustrL. 1 J ,t_. o--ehcia* 79, N ,t, S ..ffty N..-v?a jj. 56 (t>. rber 1953) . Obtain .Lie from N-tien.l dafoty Co'ancil by its ricr'etrs at 5 cc Iho princJp.l h;z..rds involved, in ..urk 'rlth acetic acid -.re iiahalition of its v.yore, z;; .ilo.;ing of tnc li:;u:'.a :r :r;/st.-,ls, n. cent ct of eh-e liquid cr 03117889 HWBB-tt0B/98 KH8B-d00798?' References to Recent Li terntor* - 13 crystals with the skin or eyes. Ihe acid his variei uses and is shipped in aiu minum or stainless steel t ink c rs or barrels and gl'ss carboys. Inhalation of the vapor irritates the membranes of the nose and throat. The vapor also has an irritating action cn the eyes and 3kin. When the ic'.d is swallowed, the ac tion is painful to all tissues in contact with it. The f .tal dose is not defin itely known, but swallowing of wtlespoor.fuls h.-.s caused death in .dults. nn emetic should be used in case of swallowing and ths skin should h,, thoroughly washed in case of contact, A physician should be called. Preventive measures Includ'i.: (1) avoidance of contact with sodium peroxide or chrome or nitric aids; (2) use only in closed systems or with adequate exhausts; (3) respiratory .r.d other personal protection; (4) prohibition of eating in exposed rooms; end (5) cleanliness. /r-"\ 771 EXPERIMENTAL VANADIUM POISONING IN THE WHITS R-Vf. E. P. Daniel aid F..D. Lillie. U.3. Pub, Health Repts. ,53, 785-77 (May 15, 1935). -odium mstevanad-ite in amounts to give 11.5, f.o, 32, 1L4, and 36G p.p.m, res pectively, of v.jri--diuF. in the ration of rats produced toxic symptoms at the three highest levels. The animals receiving 11.5 and 23 p.p.m. showed no gross symptoms of poisoning, Deaths occurred in tho group given 360 p.p.m. of van.adiur Dots of d to 4 mg. of vanadium idministerod daily by means of stomach tube caus 3> ed death in ruts weighing less th .n 300 gm. in two to four days; heavier rate e lived slightly longer. There w .s no evidence of a cumulative effect. Provided d ily tolormcc w s not exceeded, r ts given a tot 1 quantity far in excess of lethal dosage lived for weeks in u normal condition, Symptoms of -.cute poison ing .re nervous re ctions, homorrh gic exud .to from the nose and intestines, :r. rked di ,rrhe , p r lysis of hind legs, .nd 1 ibered respiration. Chronic effects are about the suae to a less marked degree. 772. BERYLLIUM (GLUCINIUM). J, G, Galmun. Occupation and Health, Supplement, Inter act. Labor Office, Geneva (January 1935)* (One of the supplements mentioned in News section of this bulletin) The .uthor considers the properties, uses, industrial processes, sources of risk, toxic action, pathology, hygiene and therapy. Up to the present time, . this element has not been important in industrial hygiene in the United States but it apparently is being used more and more in Europe. 773 CHRONIC INTOXICATION iVIlK td.-UGANESE. Michele Drugonetti. Russ. med. ippl. l.voro ind. 0, 94-106 (1958). (It Urn). review of the liter ture on chronic r. ng' nese intoxication is -..ccompxnied by the clinical description of . c ,se. The author suggests the inclusion of this form of poisoning .among the occupation.! diseases. A bibliogr_phy is included. 774 DEATH FROM NITROUS GAmXS, Keicher. Arbeitsschutz, pp, 95-100 (1535), (German), Two men were cleaning brass rings with nitric acid, one dipping them into the acid, the other drying them later with siwdust. The fork Was carried on in an otherwise idle foundry building .nd th-e weather was extremely cold. Nitrous fumes evidently arose from the drying operations ;s this man liter died of poi soning by nitrous g.ses, The other mm aas only slightly ill. 775 INJUKI Oi' iHL I7YL BY HYDROGEN oULFlLL IN ilaJ hjti'INLRI. V, A. Lichtncr. /iostnik Opht. 11, ?56 (1957). (Gena..;). Thu injuri -a c-.used by hyarogen sulfauu uou -.lly involve tr.o conjunctiva and uoc:id:or...lly the corne.-. In the pretence of the gas 5n the .tmosphere in > concuntrition of 1 mg. p^r later, the suoaective symptoms appi-t the end of the 'orking d :y j.r.G reach their r .ximum intensity 4 or 5 hours l iter. In tro tment, i.aonin fiords relief but cocinc, bee use of its ffjet on the corao-1 03117890 HWBB-00H7988 tr. R-cent liter turo- - 0 epitx.eliuni, is cor.tr r.inaiiotea. Tho .uthors :`rce .rprover.-ert ir, technic*! ccvioir.t-nt .ri construction cf tne pi ;at In crier to sliwir .tc !- :k ge o;' g-.a nd to improve vortil ,tf on . ' 776 iH2 FJrSCT Of .JhiLNIC OK X"d .GXICI'-Y 0? ..hL'SIfx.GC.: G' .1110. ,.L. science &, 01 (July .1--.) . Comp r tive-studies of the toxicity cf scier.i'.m, tellurium, rs-u.L?, y fixt, nickel, tungsten nl molytdenui.. h .ve she ti th t t the conccr.tr .ti-re ..sen, ^i.Tniur. -iis the only one to r.uiv stv re liv..r los.ons in the- r`ts. hv*s fed s-.-lenif'-rouL grain do net d.'.'vrlop th-. ;hrr ct-rlstic Oyrntoms ..ton c .rsetic -t coiixv. Tser.ite is .tided to tfc--r (.: inking v- ter. T.-.ls .r.o: n: of rs-;:.: c protect:, -g'.irst 1." p.p.w. c;;ler:.u;.;. H .1: this mount of re.a.'.c gives only p .rti .1 pm t ct1 on. The -.rs.ur s cr.s to give protection .gainst inorg .ri le .s ,/tll s org -tin sol -.nium. It is hoped th.-.c .- non-toxic nubi t nee other tr. .n .rsenic .Till tc found h v ,ng the s j-r >tc ctivc ctlon. c=3 '77 Ik'LUnTtil X .RntKI- iKIN INJURY I:i VINcY-iKD i.Ohnulu;, '.' tr'C, .rch. f. Germ. .- tol. u. eyohil. 1 .'6. 60o-l (l&o .). (G; ns. n) , <u'ti.r reviewing tr.e 1 icoi itur:.-, etc utlior reports or; t-soe of chronic crccuic poisoning ir. vir.ey rd .-.orkers, for s.vc.r '.1 years -..11 Uia spr-ytd or a runted `.rioMu.j insecticide. .Ithougn only se.-.somlly (one- for only G days in c .ch of the lust 3 y,,- rs), .dl sne ,:*d .rsonic rac.1 -ucsi? .r.d ker.tosis. ^ily opolyneuritis of slight degree ir. the fewer'1 nd percue 1 region on both sides, ./ell .z .crop .r.sthesi -.s. In this 1 ..tear c.d>w, -.tout l-l/'-'--'( months after beginning -nrk, there- found 3-1 nicr-ogr-'m * .'.rscnic in the urine. Sine* ex..: ir. at.ion of the wine (which e .s drunk freo-ly by the patients) showed no irj&nic, tr..; occuu .ti-on .1 c use of the prisoning vs cert .in. 77C Hit urffiCI Or Cil.i.JK -.ilohN-.ifu OK IHr. LIV'iXt, W. C. von Gl.:hr., F.B. flinn, -nd r. Klein, Jr. rch. cf P th. u,.,-v.Qt ( pr.il 19^), cermj of experiments i'ere perfonr.ed on r obits, r .ts ,.nd ferrets to deter mine the effects upon the l.ivsr of ''upric r.d le 'h .rsen-.tes--the c.rsen '.tes most ecxuonly used in iusecticis-.es on fruits nd vegetables--'.na the protection provided by ; hign curtohydrut:- diet, bod5.ua ;rsi.;nite *13 used us n control .g:.ir,st the 00.oner .md le.id. Of the 46 rabbits to ./horn the -irsen tes cere ,d- XiiniLtert-c, 4 or 01* developed cirrhosis of the liver. Recent or he led necrosis w 3 found in 31 livers nd necre-Si.s confined to single cells in 4, P't. ?ocyt.;s in v .rylng numbers .r.d pignant .tion ./ore found in 31 livers. In 79 cf these, the. pigment gave *. positive r-. _etion for iron. Sin* cf the rib- cits sr.'j.v.jd. clisic--J juundics. R-.ts nd ferrets gev- consistently negative re sults, inaic.-.tiug higher resist ,nc j to the .r;:i: tuj. The ..uthors conclude th't le ,d, copper '.r.d sodium. v.rst'.ic.t.**> produce siiallir necrosis i:i livers :>f rabbits and that the- he Xing of the3.e Qvcross:-. results in cirrhosis. They be lieve the action is duo solely to rsontes. la r.bbits fed , rich diet of enreohydr ittS (bre-.d >.nd pot .t-t-os), the Incideaci v s only G/o, indie .ting protoctiv.- :ctitr. ..f som.- sert not eoKplctc-ly ^;?pl ir. blv. Interestingly enough, tr.ny found the 1 .rgtit .v,.r.ge "u.r.titics -.`f le 'ri, copper -.nd irsenic in ..'.ir.als In thio series. The histologic >.1 ;ppe ;r mee .f the liver cells in- aiC'.tnd th. r? v.'-.l. innrv glycogen in th.-se Calls in the r ,`ofcits on high c-.'.rbohy- dri?.e tr.-'.r. in those -or. . lov/ c-rboiiyir .t. diet. 771 .,,.-4 ..O. Hr. THa d.vuCilCN Cf fOkIC G iw-o IK INGDcThf. II, HIDROGEK CY.1NIDS V..P0H, Dsp -rtn>.;nt ef cclcnce .nd Industri 1 Ret,- rch. H.SI. st-.tionery Office, L or I y tn, rhio i:. the ctcnr.; in aeries of 1. booklets on ;iir>lo methods for d.-.toctinn of d ngtr^us g au in 4P; 11 ,.u-ntitics, dev-.-lcpo-d by the British Gevorni-iont in 03117891 $ a -5^ f>:i . t:.r tur 1 HIIBfl-0007^89 cooper `'or. -<r- tr. th. ..ssoei tior. of British Cker.ic 1 M vuf utursra.Th. firs cn hyu.-cgcn sul?" i *, * bssr :t-d in cur Nov.-rc .r, ilo? bulletin, So . 569. . soncentr tlon of 1 p rc i.i 0,000 o, hydrogen oy due jill ve syep tons .ft-sr sever 1 heirs, 1 o .rt ! ?, 10,000 s u ng :rcus icr.-.n cnc sour -.nd i p-irc in 500 is r r,icily fib .1, The ?stLo-M, d3crlr...d '..or. v'll not os, concent tions "ici.n to 1 ,rt i.i If.0,000. Too methods rs ucscricvd, ths .nd i ..no-coo- rot ti. nd the. Cor., o .-d-'i-silvor :.icr ,t,. test. i'.u in x th: U dr '.r. through c pur irjjr-gr t*d `itr. the .-roper r- gents. In th: f'rst i.'.tr.oi, cl.-s .\, -g.'nt.; .re t..-..n.5idins `ctc-.tu r.i copper .,cit..t*. *.nd 1.*. th second, r ucsur-i oi ~o:ir Rod uf. :il/c: '.tr The intensity of .-.- :tr .ir.s re comp.rei ;<; th st.nd--.rd:: to .ic-t^rmini, the eoneontr itions. P.hx'Cr.r SA TKh INVZ&ilGuIGNo C dihlED OS IS THu sCHNus&URG Ole TRIGi cl THE ..U-iHur.Ii.viION 0~ 1HE GC\,rhC53sdiT,X CCtiLileelOS FGi; THE. FIGHTING OF CaNCER. Ztscnr. Krobsfcrsch. 47, 10's-il (1C3?0 . G nc.r of the lur-g h .3 long tt-;n krc..n to to fr-ouer.t -mong Lchnc-oburg minors. ,nd cr.ts p.iper d..soribt.s yrogr :: of _n exh uistiv*. stuc'y being m.do to deter mine under vc: .t lorditiens it occurs. 7ii xp:2.imi4-:t i oiUeiie o:i yo:*.Tiofi of :he sCHN^crg ojiCcA of the lung. h, Eo-u-.r.r.r:. LtfcShr. XroL-sforach. -j?,, OS-dS (lDL..-). i'hc -.ichor reports exp.rirunps '-n "i.ich mice cere kept in .. ochncotuEg mine -r,- survived ' to ,i?0 d *ys. Most of tuc .:i'`nitlj died fror resyir itcry infec tions, In 7 Is t'lr.crs ..rt.-r."i found, multiple in " cis^-s. Controls ire not -.(..ntioned, tut tii-.- r:-jco ro fror. . stock not kno..'n to exhibit much spontaneous n -.rcinom .. is t>ch:-idtm-r.n h:.3 ruled out rscnic in the ore a c .use of the bch,r.sburg lung tumor, the nthor thinks th t in the mic-s, .a in tho miners, r dium :tt. n tior: r. .** he th-. c .u->u. 7o :cr OF rEiiZTNG CIL0D IL .si' ON IkPjhlMijNT. J, C dJCfifi. J, M- isin, l. Pourb-,ix P. 0 s-yr, .ox. Ccirpt. r-'nd. soc . Uol. 1_I. l-i77-S (19bd). (French). - iing 1 rgv : our.oa of cooken ..-t gre .tly dear:..and tilt- incidence of c neer in nlie tro :0".d :.on b^nzopyruc-j. In possible expl.n-tion it is suggested tint the vn ..it supplies -r. " ntistyrsl" in <:hich enneer tissue is deficient. ISFL'JiNCE OF Vhr.Z orJnLL iXOLdd OF flFOIwhd-DFKYljk PEhOXIOd ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF 3edS0PYrmNE C.iNCar. IN .VICE. J. K-iisin, l. Pourbuix and P. C .eynt-.ox, Coapt. rend. soc bid. 1D7, 1073-d (lOd;;) . <* G.001 solution of diformnldchyc-- peroxide, injected in 0,5 cc portions biv;:ekly, h.stsned the develoDmtr.t of benzopyrene c.-ncer in mice, on tho other h nd, concentr .tions of 10-* to lC~i9 h d -.n inhibiting -ction, most noticeable v.-ith . lO^3 solution. 74 THE EFFECT OF ly ,5,6-0I3iNZ.,NTK:; ,'JLJJi, ON ,HE GkO,,TH OF BitOftN-PEi-JtCF. fi33IT d.ilCINOM.'.. M-.x .Opel, ..lfre-i .. ntr use, G. Kolischcr -nd H. Necheles. \m. J, C .ncer 3, -d9--:c (lHcd). -i C.J-yu JOLLit,v! dibonz nthr cane in b-iiitsne '.s inj.jct.jd rubcut .ncously, in 5 co. disco, f..i c. . w:ifk for 6 weeks before tr .nsnl Jit .tion -.nd theru .fter un til the d-j .th if :u-j nim -.l. In tno trs.c*i r .obits the cureinoma gr-.v/ more rnplcly tr.i r.fttot si sou rore ('xter.aivdy th .n in the untre ,ted controls. Treat ment ..'it;, i ib -iu; re,:,i- o-jnc py;. ,r_.; to c us;* ;:cru .ood suscopti oility or ch r.g- od .i'spc&itior, t-., tur.cr grerth. 03117892 \c < ] tftfBB-000/990 ?.. tc h.Li err iturc - 7.':5 liii-'UL.i luN 0? _UMC:-.o 3Y b,-1.5,5---'IS^.-h, -.IiE.,oGLi .-.-a... MICu Or iH.t CL.; cfih'.l oKICii LiLVhuOP ePCNT.iMuOUa iiiP.ifOfc!L.C, a crone* ti. an;th .f.d ?.`.U. G .rir.c-r. Y 1, J. Biol. & Med. IQ, 555---6 (ib-ct). ' . b.-naer.e solution cont .ining 0.1% 'tense re eels -i .iotad on the- skin of rice induced v riety of p -x.i-.ol. o|io.,i lectors. loo 1 r.-. diet nt. In .ectio of 1. r.g. dissolve.:1, in sos -,;e nil Iso produce rcor. . t tf.2 site of the in lection mu n lo.7grs.de inflammation in th-. lvar. Th-- substance she ,-c-i .to es trogenic ..etivi ty in th-: mouse. . a 0 0 a 7-o6 -JCd*..Cl ihril.ilfln. Micro .1 7.1.rt. Ini.. ?!cu. ,2, fSi-6;. (iouemter HIT). Goulet .-.titio, constituting CO or 60% of Cwr.;>-ns `bis Industrial . isc-scs, it ; very import-ret p.rt ..f cue ./or'.-, of the ir.dustri .1 ploys lei nr., Th;. ; ruses nr. >.. cl .ssified ir.tc t.-oc/p-'is; dnrwct rritn.itw c.. .Herne.: -t. Ir>. the first type re such cubst rccs .e cius, ilk li.s. -t 1 salts. cert .ir chlorir.: co-'tpour, is, industrial solvents ,r.-_ n .r.y cthr-rt. In the llorgcr.vs, sur.* sub- el ..ires ,s pi nt oils, certain iy.^s, nc. r.uerrcua rg ;.ic sutst ;nc:=s produce ter: .title or.ly '.r, certain suuct-jtiblt. indivic.u tlu. Of the t::o typos, the first is prob-tbly th;: ;v>st important, The rather .^scuscas the subject in gen- :M strtj,,rs persist .nt e .sou which f \1 to dvr up ftcr discontinuing th-. oper tier.. Correct d.' gnosis ir. recess 17 v.u its 'r.portincs, is else 7t-7 c:n;0>;ic irf.UMA IN TkHItthNI Gr aCCIGBNib. G. Kaji.us. Med, Klin. 54. S'.9-51 (l&oa) , (G rr. n), C-eos of chronic traur. ro net log lly consif.^rcd s .accidents in meet coun tries cut nr-, often campers ;t.vi s inuustri -.1 <lieo sos. 5-jec ex.rples 're: sttt Is of work with compressed .ir tccls, shovel sickness, .nd "m.rching sick ness." .rother ex rcplc, specific lly runtionno., L; injury to the meniscus of the know which cun develop fro-.* won modi.rato us.; .f tin. kr.ee. Microscopic ex- .minetion of the meniscus discloses severe f.cgoner tiva changes in the cnrtilug.. .5 n result of chronio truin', -speci .lly nong minors, fleer I .yers, terrtzao workers r:d others. ' 7c Kli?, .TIIIo FkOM WOKKING hITH CFluOoOTI;. G, f. 3iriv.ro.'d. Brit, 'led. J. pp. lb (July IPSb). (British). T.n c s.s rt reports^ of g rdcr.ors :ho experttncef. kor titis ft^r using creosott1 to spr y upon fences. They c :.t unacr obsorv tion ftcr the :cute st ge h .1 subsided. In one of the sen the left eye h 1 throe- st:.11 gr-y m -.cul o be low the pupil nd nunvrous st. 11 gr-y scots . n the c^rnt .. There w-.3 permanent inp.Lrtiont of vision. In the . th_-r cost tn i left eve- was also .iffee ted. On i. -.ci; side of the pupil #.-.g sp 11 gr .y uticulir p -tch- ?ith nutcr^us sr.'.11 griv upeeks :no superfici ;1 hizy k.r t'tis. Th.: conditi:n ems-id - hizy vision. fTn-on f.rops of crc.osctc got int- eh.. r-j-z uh y c .use . 'ntc-nsu irrit .tion end gre.t pain. 7vj cKIN CIc-EAhho FROM LUBalChllNG OIL. A. Fail. hngr.u Mat. 66, 757 (I95r>). (French). rcr oil .ere tn icvclop, the .-.uthor ctrts:.i.*rs 71 n. ecus .ry f-'-r the- oil to soft, the opi.U:n is .uri ospoc' -llv t^1 render it cjn-rosistuit .-.n .v.'.rt. i".ys. In -.adi- tion, it is recess :rj' tor oust u- y.-.ru-clts t., t-c present ir. the oil mb :\.r r uteri, to be prosent on tnc ski:-.. He reports on .n u oidomic of skin irri f.ticr.s invclving oil cr.c ...o .r.ft ccot. ur...s Itiviugh nc injurious subst .nces r..uld sc .'our. ', in the -,,il. Thu trouble .vt I;r .oputr *.hen the oil v-.s b nu.svad, hut when eo-lf -u -.th-r c ...t. 03117893 References to Recent Literature - 23 790 SAFECGAT INSULATING MATERIAL. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 110, 1771 (May 21, 1938). An electrician develops a dermatitis on. hands and arms when working with wires fireproofed withnSafecoat.M Other types of insulation do not affect him. The reply points out that many of the chemicals used may be responsible for the * skin eruption, perhaps chlorinated naphthalene or chlorinated diphenyl which * may also cause serious systemic disease. 791 DISEASE OP THE SKIN AND FINGER NAILS FROM INDUSTRIAL CONTACT WITH ORGAN KEYS OP GALALITH. C. Simon. Bull. See. franc, de Dermatol, et Sypfcil. 614-7 (1938). (French). The author describes the disease of a 24 year old woman who developed eczema of the fingers and hands after playing an orgen v.ith galalith keys. By rub bing galalith on the finger tips, eczema could be induced, A button manufac turer reported to the author that he had frequently seen eczema among workers using galalith, especially those who softened it with steam. 792 TWO CASES OF OCCUPATIONAL SKIN DISEASE IN FLOWER BAUCIHLld. H. Rabeau and Ukrainczik, Bull. Soc. franc. Dermatol. Syphil. 595-7 (1938). (French). In one case eczema which had appeared on the hands and fingers had been present for 13 years. It disappeared during vacations but the cause could not be ascer tained. In the second case it was shown by skin tests that there was hypersen sitivity to tulips (flowers, leaves, stalks) and since desensiti2ation was attmepted in vain, the handling of tulips was discontinued. 793 INJURY TO THE SKIN BY ETHYLENE BROMIDE, A CONSTITUENT 0? FLUID FROM A WATTR- LEVEL INDICATOR. G. Plesser. Arch. f. Gewerbepath. u. Gewerbehyg. 591-600 (1938). (German). A careful investigation made in connection with a skin injury of a stoker caused by fluid from a water-level indicator showed that the fluid contained ethylene bromide. After prolonged exposure it caused a local irritation and marked gen eral symptoms in one of nine experimental subjects. - NEWS NOTE Mr. Henry D. Sayer, who has been a member of the Board of Trustees of Air I$rgiene Foundation, representing the Association of Casualty and Surety Execu tives, has resigned his position to accept a post with the New York State Insurance Fund. In assuming his new duties Mr. Sayer takes with him the good wishes of Air Hygiene Foundation. 03117894 ,3 o ft 60 HWBB-H00/96/