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) 1947 Survey | 1940 Surrey r'/yASi 1947 Survey i^B (940 Survey fpzza (947 Survey M (940 Survey to-799-psi range may give some weight to the thoughts that a number of au thorities have put forward .regarding stallation of a steam-generator equipped with a eyclone burner. The tame com pany reports, this year, two additional the relatively greater increase in in cyclone units planned for late 1949 op c 300 9 9 dustrial electrical loads as compared to eration. AU three units have pres-' process-heat demands. surized furnaces. % 1 300 Fuel-Burning Equipment. Fig. 3 and Other Trends. Although not specifi 1 P0 the table below givo a quick compari cally covered in the survey, there Is son as to trends In firing methods. Fig. evidence of a trend to increasing use 3 compares 1947 and 1948 figures .for of dust collectors. In one form or installations on which data os to firing another, mostly mechanical, their adop method were available. In the 1947 fig tion by industry seems to be growing ures, covering 611 plants out of a known in. response to current emphasis on re- 30 end 30* 00* 73* (OOond bslqv ' 60 TO 100 oOove Copodiy troupe, 1,000 19 per hr 9 Previous* pottemt continue in breakdown of estimoted total (nitollotiont in the various pressure classifications 299 psl and below 399* 599' 799* 999* 300 400 600 000 Pressure groups, pel? 1399* moo'd 1000 o<*"5g 2 Distribution of totol Installations by cdpoelty grSqS shows the forger units dominofe in terms of steam eapacftvl $r Stoker firing Oil - Pulv firing eeol Firing method* For oil units reporting method of firing, distribution Is os shown total of about 970, oil accounted for 51.6%, stokers 43.4%, end pulverizedcoal 5.0%. The current data, represent ing 433 out of about 630 installations, show stokers up to 53.2% and pulverized-coal up to 8.9%, with oil-firing off to 37.9%. While this may reflect the duction of air pollution. Likewise much more conservative heat-release figures are being reported, indicating a definite effort on the part of designers to build into steam-generating units (be larger furnaces essential to operating flexibility where a wide range ol coal short-range tightness ol fuel-oil supply, characteristics must be handled now Industrial Power Activity Emphasizsteam-Making too much weight should not be given .`and in the future. ' to the change In viewof lack of com There is considerable evidence that plete data. industrial plants arc approaching the The table assembles, for both current question of feedwater treatment in a General industry continues chemical industry, including the oil re from higher operating rates oo exiitlsT fineries, ranks next to the utilities in facilities, and (2) replacement 6(fcV| ' the largest single user of terms of capacity, Right behind In `listing power facilities for more/eaS firing and steam-generating both classifications comes .the steel in dustry. nomical operation. The first ftctorTuj undoubtedly responsible for so$l equipment. Here's what is Overshadowing each of these indi the new installations in the induerid1 vidual sectors of the economy, as far and' institutional fields, but moderoug being done currently on pres as over-all totals go, is the new steam- generating equipment put into general sures, unit capacities, firing . industry--food, rubber, textiles, metal lion has tended to lag. In the-lighlj< the postwar situation--rapidly rim? costs, unsettled business conditira*,1^] methods, based on a com working, etc, as well-as the various institutions and agencies. continued reconversion problei_^ many managements have been oaderj prehensive survey by POWER CowitmeHon Activity. While construc standably reluctant to embark o tion of power facilities in the industrial tensive modernization programs, field has been, and Is, at o relatively have displayed e tendency to Dcitpojra Ifyotal steaming capacity is considered.. In considering the pressure dossifi- Y.ution, remember that selection of opifceriting pressure depends on different ^'considerations in the industrial and futility fields. It may be reasonably as- [rsumed that the large number in the *&S99-psi-snd-bc!ow range represents Bfruoits installed primarily for process and Cheating loads. Where power generation $'Ja involved, el course, ratio between .'steam and electrical loads largely de- jfcttnalnes operating pressure. The rela&f|tively large number of units in the 400- and previous surveys, number ol units employing etoker, oil or. pulverized-coal firing, as well as tbq many other in stallations'either not reporting or built (or special fuels. These data are sub divided by pressure and capacity. As might be expected, stokers and oil fir ing dominate in the smaller plants and in those operating at low and moderate pressures. `As pressure and size of steam generator Increase, pulverizedcoal firing becomes relatively more im portant. It is of interest to note that lost year one industrial plant reported en in more intelligent and constructive man ner. The function of water treatment is becoming more clearly understood, and proper equipment and methods are be ing designed into the plants, even those of modest proportions, rather than being added after trouble occurs. Emphasis on steam-generating equip ment In current .industrial-power ex pansion and modernization programs undoubtedly reflects continued caution of management on all but essentia) steps, rehabilitation In the boiler house being, in general, less deferrable than in the turbine room. high level, it has not been characterised such steps entirely, or to take. ,'oW by the record-breaking pace of the util those that are immediately noeessgfr Tabulations on pp ]] 6-122, drawn ity field. Authorities advance a num and clearly justified. up from Powan's current surrey of ber of reasons for this difference. Dur SteeawOonorattan Trend*. Fis^gljj steam-power installations, give technical ing the wor years, growth in essential above indicate some general charktu data on approximately 3S0 plants sort industrial power requirements was met tics of tho steam-generation equips^ ing industrial establishments, institu partly by construction of new plants, that constitutes the major pitt-o^ TYPE OF FIRING EQUIPMENT USED WITH INDUSTRIAL BOILERS RECENTLY ORDERED tions and governmental agencies, particularly in eertaln industries, and dustry's power-plant coniiruciidcnT roughly hall of estimated equipment partly by a directed shift to central- tivity. How estimated total ssles] sale*. Although American industry station power. By-end large, industry comparable periods covered by Table I--Pressure Divisions generates only a little more than one- came out of the war without any great aad 1948 surveys break down by/JjQi quarter of the electric energy it con sumes, the fuel-burning and steam-gen erating equipment installed to meet healing and process needs in this field undoubtedly aggregates more than that backlog of unfilled power demand. In contrast, nonessential utility loads were rigorously curtailed during the war years, and this pentup demand, abetted by population growth, left them, sure groups and capacities is Fig. 1 end 2. A* might be when the comparison la mads ber of units, the small alzea so&p pressures clearly dominate the fieji PrtMoro, prf 290 sad Mow............. 300-399........................ 400-S99.. ................. 400*709........................ >00 and above............ in central-station service. In this re with a tremendous capacity deficit to should be noted that the PowiKSij spect particularly, then, the industrial be made up as fast as possible. Today, vey Is confined to "power" boilcrijlLJ field represents a major sector of the we are still involved in the "catching pti and above) and thus does wjjL Table II--Capacity Divisions total. up" process, complicated, of course, by elude the numerically lrg For example, the pulp and paper in continued repid load growth. boiler field. In the capacity groopglj dustry rank* next to the utilities as the largest single purchaser of boiler units, in terms of numbers. Reflecting the larger average size of its units, the 'Starting with a power situation rea sonably in balance, industrial power construction comes from (1) extension of production facilities as distinguished the number of units of 50,000 lb Jgttg and over Is distinctly impre**^] coupled with the larger unit *itei| dominance to the Urge units k' 50 IS 51 " 14 M IS pmr hr TO ud Mew............. SO- 4*........................ SO- TO........................ fl-USO............ Above 109........... (6ioi ' POWER OcloWp a . I*") .