Document aJ3zqwjxBm0pjw7g6oZ4mmErR
October 1 4 , 1 9 5 P.
INTERNAL CORRESPONDENCE
From LESTER V." CEALLEY PITTSBURGH
To IMDUSTRIAL HYGIENE COMMITTEE !
)M
\
The attached Threshold Limit Values for 1958 arc essentially the same as those for 1957. The value for nitric acid has been raised from 5 to 10 ppm by volume and a new tentative limit of 1.0 mg. per cubic meter of air has been set for phosphoric acid.
Also enclosed is a publication of the Michigan Department of Health on the proper use of hand and automatic degreasers.
LVC:OH EncIs . 2
L. V. Cralley
b * /* '
Industrial Hygiene Committee
R. S. Adams
- Olean
P. B . Colby E. N. Goas
- Garwood - Cressona
W . E . Goza F . P. H a 1 u s k a N . A. Hayes
- Pt.Comf ort - Cleveland - nad in
G. W. Hutton
- Wenatchee
is 9=~=FF=1 1 i o y c. 1
- Daven por t
J. F . LaClair J. H. Long A. n. Masters
- Lancast e r - F.. St . Lou i s - Lafayette
R. 11. Moore
- Rosiclare
J- J. Moroney w. L. Mowe
- Massena - Mobile
c. G. Orr
- Alcoa Fab.
R. E . Paine
- Vernon
R. L. Parsons
- Warrick
A. W . P e t r e y
- Vancouver
J. K . Sc bach tele - Chillicothc
V.1 . C . S e i p p
- Detroit
H . A . Scinkcti
- Rockdale
D. F. Shantz C. S. Sho r t C. L. Teuhert E. M. Trimble J. F. Wei born R. F . Whitson W . V . M .Williams e. n. Youngblut
- Richmond - N.K. - Chicago - Bauxite M. - Bridgeport - Bauxite Al - Alcoa Sn. - Edgewater
.7 (See next page)
APC 001262
cc/cnc1s:
A. L. Alcxandrr C. T. Bar do C. G. Bell R . H. nr own J. r.. Burns Frank Cox
n. H. Droz
A. L. Gantt 0. L. Goclct G. L. Hunting 1. '. G. Martin A-,--0-,--Ma-s-ter a-------Jofrn Mini!! E. J. Mulligan F. Jl. Regehr A. W. Westfall G. D. Wheeler L. L. White T. B. Bonney Ki J. M. Plunkett C. L. Dr ad shaw 5i IV. R. Gilliland
- Alton Sra. - Massena - Cleveland - Mobile - Warrick - Alcoa Fab. - Wenatchee - Badin - Detroit - Vancouver
- Rockdale ----Lafayette
- Huff - Pt. Comfort - Vernon - F.. St. Louis - Pt. Comfort - Bauxite Al.
- ARL - N.K.
- mit.
APC 001263
Threshold Limit Values for 1958
Adopted at the 20th Annual Meeting of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists Atlantic City, April 19-22, 1958
Threshold limits should be used as guides in the control of health hazards and should not be regarded as fine lines between safe and dangerous concentra tions. They represent conditions under which it is believed that nearly all workers may be repeatedly exposed, day after day, without adverse effect. The values listed refer to time-weighted average concentrations for a normal work day. The amount by which these figures may be exceeded for short periods without injury to health depends upon a number of factors, such as the nature of the contami nant, whether very high concentrations even for short 'periods produce acute poisoning, whether the effects are cumulative, the frequency with which high concentrations occur, and the duration of such periods. All must be taken into consideration in arriving at a decision as to whether a hazardous situation exists. Special consideration should be given to the application of these values in the evaluation of the health hazards which may be associated with exposure to com binations of two or more substances.
Threshold limits are based on the best available information from industrial experience, from experimental studies, and, when possible, from a combination of the two. These values are based on various criteria of toxic effects or on marked discomfort; thus, they should not be used as a common denominator of toxicity, nor should they be considered as the sole criterion in proving or dis proving diagnosis of suspected occupational disease.
These limits are intended for use in the field of industrial hygiene and should be employed by persons trained in this field. They are not intended for use, or for modification for use, in the evaluation or control of community air pollu tion or air-pollution nuisances.
These values are reviewed annually by the Committee on Threshold Limits for changes, revisions, or additions as further information becomes available. The Committee welcomes the suggestion of substances to be added to the list and also comments, references, or reports of experience with these materials.
Submitted for publication May 5, 1958.
RECOMMENDED VALUES Gaiet and Vapors
Substance
PPM*
Acetaldehyde ................... 200
Acetic acid ............
10
Acetic anhydride ...
5
Acetone ................... .... 1,000
Acrolein ...................
0.5
Acrylonitrile ............ .... 20
AllyI aicohoi ..........
5
Ally 1 chloride .................
5
Approx. Mff. per Cu. M. t
360
25
20
2,400
1.2
45
12
15
Substance
PPM
Ally! propyl disulfide Ammonia ..................... Amyl acetate ............. .. Amyl alcohol
(isoamyi alcohol) Aniline ......................... Arsine ........................... Benzene (benzol) .... ..
2 100 200
100 5
o.os
25
Approx. Mir. per Cu. M. t
12 70 1.050
360 19 02 80
178
APC 001264
Tiini:.snoi.n i.nnr r.u.i'r:\ ran m.i
St'KSTANCK
I I'M
llnigvl chloride Bromine ....
Butadiene
..
1 1
(l.d-butadicuc) ............ 1,000 Uutauone
(methyl ethyl ketone) . 250 Butyl acetate
(u-lnityl acet.ite) ___ 200 Butyl alcohol
("-butanol) ................. 100
Butvlamine .....................
5
Butyl cellosolve
(2'buioxvethanol) .... 50
Carbon dioxide............... 5,000 Carbon disulfide ............ 20
Carbon monoxide .......... Carbon tetrachloride .... Cellosolve
100 25
(2-cthoxyethanol)
200
Cellosolve acetate (2-cthoxyeihyl acetate)
Cldorine ..........................
100 1
Chlorine trifluoride ........ Chlorobenzene
0.1
(monochlorobentene) .. Chloroform
75
(trichloromethane) ... 100
1 -Chloro-l-nitropropane . 20
Chloropicrin ...................
1
Chloroprenc
(2-chloro-1.3-butadiene) 25
Cresol (all isomers) ...
5
Cyclohexane ................... 400
Cyclohexnnol ................... 100
Cyclohexanone ................ Cyclohexene ................... Cyclopropane ...................
100 400 400
Decaborane .....................
0.05
Diacetone alcohol
(4-hydroxy-4-methyl-
2-pentanone) ............... 50
Diborane .........................
0.1
o-Dichlorobenzene .......... 50
Dichlorodifluoromethane 1,000
l.l-Dichloroethane .......... 100
l,2*Dichloroethane (ethvlene dichloride) ..
1,2-Dichloroelhylene . .. Dtchloroethyl ether ........
100 200
15
Dichloromonofl uoromethane ....................... 1,000
1,1-DichJoro-Unitroethane ..........................
Dichlorotetrafluoroethane Diethylamine ................... Difluorodibromomethane
10 1.000
25 100
Diisobutyl ketone .......... 50
Approx. Me. ier Cu. M. t
5 7
2.200
740
950
300 15
240 9.000
60 110 160
740
540 3 0.4
350
490 100
7
90 22 1,400 410 400 1.350 690
0.3
240 0.1
300 4,950
400
400 790
90
4,200
60 7,000
75 860 290
SimsTANCK
PPM
Dimciliylantlioc ( N-diinclhykmitinr)
5
Dimcthylsnlfatc .............
l
Ijroxnnc (dicthylene
dioxide) ...................... 100
Ethyl acetate ................. 400
Ethyl acrylate................ 25
Ethyl alcohol (ethanol) 1.000
Ethylamine...................... 25
Ethylbenzene .................. 200
Ethyl bromide ............... 200
Ethyl chloride ............. 1,000
Ethyl ether .................... 400
Ethyl formate ............... 100
Ethyl silicate ................. 100
Ethylene chlorohydrin .. 5
Ethylenediaxmne ............. 10
Ethylene dibromtde
(1,2-dibromoethane) .. 25
Ethylene imine ...............
5
Ethylene oxide ............. so
Fluorine ..........................
0.1
FIuorotrichloromethane 1,000
Formaldehyde .................
5
Furfural ..........................
5
Gasoline .......................... 500
Heptane (-heptane) ... 500
Hexane (n*hexane) ... 500
Hexanone (methyl butyl
ketone) ........................ 100
Hexone (methyl isobutyl
ketone) ........................ 100
Hydrazine ......................
1
Hydrogen bromide.......... 5
Hydrogen chloride.........
5
Hydrogen cyanide ......... 10
Hydrogen fluoride .........
3
Hydrogen peroxide, 90%
1
Hydrogen sdenide .........
0.05
Hydrogen sulfide ......... 20
Iodine .............................. 0.1
Isophorone ...................... 25
Isopropylamine ...............
5
Mesityl oxide ................. 25
Methyl acetate ............... 200
Methyl acetylene ........... 1,000
Methyl acrylate ............. 10
Methyl alcohol
(methanol) ................. 200
Methyl bromide ............. 20
Methyl cellosolve
(2-methoxyethanol)
25
Methyl cellosolve acetate
(ethylene glycol mono-
methyl ether acetate) .. 25
Methyl chloride ............. 100
Approx. Mir. per t.ii M.t
2h 5
360 1.400
100 1.900
45 870 R90 2.600 1.200 300 850
16 30
190 9
90 0.2
5.600 6
20 2.000 2,000 1,800
410
410 1.3
17 7 11 2 14 0.2 30 l 140 12 100 610 1.650 35
260 80
80
120 210
1
APC 00A265
.-l.Af.--l. ARCHIVES OF INDUSTRIAL HEALTH
Suiistanck
Pl'M
Melliylal (dintcthoxy-
methane) ..................... 1,000
Methyl chloroform
(1,1,1-trichlorocthane) soo
Methylcyelohexane ..... SCO
Methylcydohexanol ........ 100
Merhylcyclohexanonc ... 100
Methyl formate .............. 100
Methyl isobutyl carbinoJ
(methyl amyl alcohol) 25
Methylene chloride
(dichloromethanc) ___ SOO
Naphtha (coal tar) ___ 200
Naphtha (petroleum) ... 500
Nickel carbonyl ..............
0.001
Nitric add ....................... 10
/>-Nitroaniline ..................
1
Nitrobenzene ...................
1
Nitroethane ..................... 100
Nitrogen dioxide ............
5
Nitroglycerin ..,..........
0.5
Nitromethane ................. 100
so2-Nitropropane ................
Nitrotoluene ...................
5
Octane ............................. 500
Oione ...............................
0.1
Pentane............................. 1,000
Pentanone
(methyl propyl ketone) 200
Perchlorethylene
(tetrachloroethylene)
200
5
Phenylhydranne ..............
5
Approx. Me. per Cu.M.t
3,100
2,700 2.000
470 460 250
100
1.7S0 800
2.000 0.007
25 6 5
310 9 5
250 180 30 2,350
0.2 2,950
700
1,350 19 22
(carbonyl chloride)
1
4
SlJBSTANCK
PPM*
Mb. per
Phosphine .....................
0.05
0.07
Phophorus trichloride .
05
3
Propyl acetate ............. . 200
840
Propyl alcohol
(isopropyl alcohol) . . 400
980
Propyl ether
(isopropyl ether) ... . 500
2.100
Propylene dichloride
(1,2-dichloropropane)
75
350
Propylene imine ........ 25
60
Pyridine ........................
10
30
Quinone ........................
0.1
0.4
Stibine ........................ ..
0.1
Stoddard solvent ........ . SOO
0.5 2.900
Styrene monomer
(phenylethylene) .... . 100
420
Sulfur dioxide .............
5
13
Sulfur hexafluoride ... . 1,000
6.000
Sulfur monochloride ...
1
6
Sulfur pentafluoride ...
0.025
0.25
/-Tertiarybutyltolucne
10
60
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
5
3S
Teirahydrofuran .......... . 200
590
Tetranitromcthane ........
1
8
Toluene (toluol) ... . . 200
750
o-Toluidine ...................
5
22
Trichloroethylene......... . 200
l,0SO
Tr ifi uoromonobromo-
. 1.000
6.100
Turpentine ..................... . 100
S60
Vinyl chloride
(chloroethylene) ........ . 500
1,300
Xylene (xylol) ........... . 200
870
* Paris of vaiior or gas i*er million par's of air by volume, t Approximate milligram* per cubic meter of air.
Toxic Dusts, Fumes, and Mists
Substance Aldrin (17,3,4.10.10-hexachloro-
M. per Cu. M4
SuiLSTANCK Crag herbicide (sodium 2-[2,4-
Mg. per Ca M.J
l,4,4a,5,8,&a-hexahydn>-l,45.8-
dichlorophenoxy] ethanol hydrogen
dimethanonaphthalene) ...................... U.25 Ammate (ammonium sulfamate) .... 15 Antimony ................................................ 0 5 ANTU (alpha-naphthyl-thiourea) ... 0 3 Arsenic .................................................... 0.5 Darium (soluble compounds) .............. 0 5 Cadmium oxide fume .......................... 0 1 Calcium arsenate ................................... 0.1 Chlordane (1,2.4,5,67.8,8-
octachloro3a,477a*tetrahydro* 4,7'methanoindane) ........................... 2 Chlorinated camphene, 60%.................. 0 5 Chlorinated diphenyl oxide .................. 0.5 Chlorodiphenyl (42% chlorine) .......... 1 Chlorodiphenyl (54% chlorine) .......... 0.5 Chromic acid and chromates (as CrO) 0 1
sulfate) ............................................. 15
Cyanide (as CN) ................................ 5 2t4-D(2,4-aichlorophenoxyacetic acid) 10
DDT (2,2-bisf^-chlorophenyl 1-1,1,1-
trichloroethane) ................................ 1
Dieldrin (1,2,3,4,10,10-hexachloro-
67-epoxy-l,4,4a.5,67,8,8a-octaxiydro-
1,4.5.8-dimethano-naphthalene) ........ 0.25
Dinitrobenzene ..................................... 1
Dinitrotoluene .......................................... 1.5
Dinitro-o-cresol .................................... 0 2
EPN (O-ethyl O-^-nitrophenyl
thionobenzenephosphonate)
0.5
Ferham (ferric dimethyl
dnhiocarbamaie) .............................. 15
180 Vol. IS, Auq., 195S
APC 001266
THRESHOLD LIMIT I'AU'ES TOR 1939
Substance
PPM*
Mr. per
Gl M. t
Kcrrov.inatlium dust ............................. I
Fluoride ................................................. 2.5
Hydroquiitpiie ........................................ 2
Iron oxide fume .................................. 15
Lead ....................................................... 0.2
Lead arsenate ........................................ 0.15
Lindane (hexnddorocvclohexane.
gamma isomer) ................................ 0.5
Magnesium oxide {tone ......................... 15
Malathioti (0,0-dimethyl dithiopltos-
pliate of diethyl mercaptosuccinate) IS
Manganese .............................................. 6
Mercury .................................................. 0.1
Mercury (organic compounds) .......... 0.01 Methoxychlor (2.2-di-p<methoxy-
phenyLLU-trichloroethane) .......... 15
Molybdenum
(soluble compounds) ......................... 5
(insoluble compounds) ..................... 15
Nicotine .................................................. 0.5 Parathion (O.O-diethyl Q-fi-
nitrophenyl thiophosphate) .............. 0.1
Pentachloronaphthalene ....................... 0.5
Pentachlorophenol ................................. 0.5
Phosphorus (yellow) ........................... 0.1
Pltosphorus pentachloride ................... 1
Phosphorus pentasulflde....................... 1
Picric acid ............................................ 0.1
Pyrethrom .............................................. 2
Rotenone................................................. 5
Selenium compounds (as Se) .............. 0.1
Sodium fluoroacetate (1060) .............. 0.1
Sodium hydroxide ................................. 2
Substance
PPM*
Me. oer
Cu. M. t
Strychnine ............................................ 0.1S
Sulfuric acid ....................................... I
TEDP (tetraethyl
dithionopyrophosphatc) ................... 0.2
TEPP (tetraethyl pyrophosphate)
0.05
Tellurium.............................................. 0.1
Tetryl (2.4,6-trinitrophenyl-
methylnitramine) .............................. 1.5
Thiram (tetramethyl thiuram
disulfide) .......................................... 5
Thallium (soluble compounds) ........ 0.1
Titanium dioxide.................................. 15
Trichloronaphthalene .......................... 5
Trinitrotoluene ..................................... 1.5
Uranium
f soluble compounds) ..................... 0.05
(insoluble compounds) ..................... 0.25
Vanadium
(V0dust) ....................................... 0.5
(VtO fume) ................................... 0.1
Warfarin (J-| acetonylbenryl)-4-
hydroxycoisnarin) ............................ 0.5
Zinc oxide fumes.................................. IS
Zirconium compounds (as Zr) .......... 5
Radioactivity: For permissible concentrations o( radio isotopes in air, see "Maximum Permissible Amounts of Radioisotopes in the Human Body and Maximum Permis sible Concentration in Air and Water,** Handbook 52, U. S. Deportment of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, March. 195J. In addition, sec "Permissible Dose from External Sources of Ionising Radiation,M Hand* book $9, U. S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, Sept 24. 19S4.
Revision of the two publications mentioned above it in procresa. 2 Milligrams of dust, fume, or mist per cubic meter of air.
Mineral Dusts
Substance
MPPCF
Aluminum oxide ................................. 50
Asbestos .................................................
5
Dust (nuisance, no freesilica) ---------- 50
Mica (below 5% freesilica) ................ 20
Portland cement ................................. 50
Talc ........................................................ 20
Substance
MPPCF
Silica
high (above 50% free SiO) ...
5
medium (5 to 50% free SiOi) .. 20
low ^below 5% free SiOs) .... 50
Silicon carbide .................................... 50
Soapstone (below S% free SiO) .. 20
I Millions of particles per cubic foot of air
SUBSTANCE
(x) Acetylene tetrabromide ..............
(x) Allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) .............
(x) Beryllium ................ (x) Boron trifluonde .. (x) n-Butyl glycidyl
ether (BGE) ..
TENTATIVE VALUES
PPM II
1 10
1
50
Approx. Mg. per Cu. M.t
14
45 2y/m'
3
270
Substance
PPM ||
(x) Butyl mercaptan .. Chlorine dioxide ..
(x) Chloroacetaldehyde (x) Chlorobromomethane
(GBrCHi) .... (x) Diglycidyl ether
(DGE) .............
10 0.1 1
400
10
Approx. Mg. per Cu. M.t
35 0.3 3
2,100
55
It
APC 001267
A.M.A. ARCHIVES OF INDUSTRIAL HEALTH
Substance
PPM ||
lx) Dimethyl forniamidc 20
1.1-Dimethyl
hydrazine .......... 0.5
(x) Dtpropylcncgly-
colmcthyicthcr .. 100
(x) Ethyl mercaptan .. 250
(x) Furfuryl alcohol .. 50
(x) Glycidol ................. 50
sec-Hexyl acetate 100
(x) Isopropyl glyddyl ether (IGE) ...
SO
(x) Lithium hydride ..
(x) Methyl mercaptan
50
(x) a Methyl styrene .. 100
fx) Monomethyl aniline
2
(x) Paradichloro-
beiuene .............. 75
(x) Perchloromethyl
mercaptan .......... 0.1
(x) Phenyl glyddyl ether
(PGE) ............. 50
Approx. Mg. per Cu M l
60
1
600 640 200 150 590
240 25y/m` 100
480 9
450
0.8
310
Substance
PPM ||
Phosphoric acid ... n-Propyl nitrate .. 25
(x) Propylene oxide .. (x) Tertiary butyl
alcohol ...............
100 100
(x) TolyIene-2,4diisocyanate ___
0.1
1^3-Trichloropropane.. 50
(x) Triethyl amine___ Triorthocresyl phosphate ............
25
(x) Vinyl toluene ........ 100
(x) Yttrium and in organic compounds
(x) Xyiidinc .................
5
(x) Teflon decomposition products ..............
(x) Pentaborane (BsH*)
Approx. Mg. per Cu. M.l
1 110 240
300
0.7 300 100
0.1 480
5 25
I Parts of nper or go per million |art* of air by volume. 1 A|>Kosimoie milligram* |icr cubic meter of air.
(nl Thne value* tncited on the tentative liit (or 19S7. * Until more data are forthcoming, it ia important that atmospheric concentration* of (besc material* to which workers
are exposed must be kept a* near 0 a* possible.
William L. Ball W. Clakk Cooeiji
H. E. Stokingeb Keith H. Jacobson
Hebvey B. Elkins W. H. Rein hast Allan L. Coleman, Chairman
ARC 001268