Document aD48yeeyQM1vYyrrrpRR1rE1X

% Cross Reference? Punch Card Index CC? R, B Davis, Lab, C. R, E. Merkle, Lab. W, 0, Jewett, Lab. **? R, A. DeWall, Lab, *' K. C Lainperb, Lab, R. Morgan, Lao, I. L. McGinnis, Lab, Hm UiMi uii! Mo J4'|| Marshall Laboratory November $9 1951 & MEMORANDUM REPORT NO, M-399 'RHK2383 CtFf irt ret ciiciniiii DRIER STUDY [CLASS "B PROBLEM (WS-69-1) Introductions This report covers the results of the drier study under taken as a protective measure against a possible cobalt drier re striction for civilian use and the unreliable naphthenate type drier supply. Summary and Conclusionss 1* Naohthenate Ys. Tallate (a) The shortage of naphthenic acid forced.the acceptance of tallate tor lino-resinate) type driers as emergency substitutes in most products. Release Letter #1310 covered this change, on the basis of alternate tallate for naphthenate driers, and this proposal worked satisfactorily in all cases except 301 Line house paint pro ducts. In this latter case, the tallate driers produce an excessive amount .of false body that changes the brushing properties and the solids/viscosity relationship* Accordingly, the formulas were re vised to use naphthenates only, until sufficient stability data could be obtained on a linoleate type formula, (b) The performance, of the tallate type driers in this study (other than the house paints] was quite comparable to the naphthenate controls. 2. Cobalt Drier Conservation * (a; Laboratory results of the program outlined in Table I N35443 attached, show that excess amounts of cobalt drier are not currently being used in our products. However, the cobalt content in most products can be reduced by approximately 50% provided this reduction is compensated. by manganese, a combination of manganese and calcium., or a combination of manganese and lead as follows? 1. Reduce cobalt 50% and replace with manganese. 2. " " ", calcium metal. " and add .1% 3. Reduce cobalt 50% and replace with manganese, add lead drier to obtain a ratio of 30/1/1 lead/manganes/cobalt. The latter combination appears to be the best all round replacement suitable for most products. It is suggested, however, if we are forced to cut the use of cobalt drier, that each type or line of products be individually tested for initial drying and general physical properties, because it has been established that slight modifications from the above recommendations may be necessary in some types of products or lines of products. Refer to the details portion and tables attached to this report for additional information on the details of other tests, (b) We made no attempts to completely replace cobalt drier in this study, (c) The introduction of manganese drier does not affect the initial color of such products as' "Dulux" Super White beyond shading range, and six mos. IL and.YD exposures have also indicated that such a replacement shows a definite improvement in color retention. (Exposure Series #12160). 3 (4 Action to be taken (a) Review retained samples from this study at end of one year storage to check on long time drying stability, (b) Additional work should be undertaken to evaluate additional or complete cobalt drier replacemerit so as to be pre pared' for any possible complete cobalt drier allocation for civilian use. (c) Follow-up on lead regarding improved color retention of manganese containing experiments discussed above, 4. Details The following will discuss in more detail the results obtained with each product included in this study. (a) Brush "Duco" (80 line) DUP030003354 ^3 ** 1. Drier mixture #3 (Mn end lead) appears tp be the best cobalt replacement in this line of products, 2, It was impossible to check drying and package stability on the one month oven sample because most of the samples showed considerable bodying and/or gelling, (b) ^Dulux11 Super White (58 Line) 1* Drier mixtures #2 and #3 (Mn/ealcium and Mn/Pb) are best suited for this product and the final selection should de pend on whichever possesses better color retention. 2. The oven samples in this case also showed ex~ cessive bodying, except in case of the calcium containing experiments which showed considerable less tendency to body or gel, 3 The calcium and the high lead containing experiments also resulted in products possessing a lower (initial) and more stable sag reading (c) Interior Semi^Gloss (670 Line) 1 The tallate type driers did not perform as well in this type formulation as they did in other lines, 2. In this case, replacing the cobalt with manganese alone appears to give satisfactory results in all respects, 3,, The tests were conducted with the 100% TiOg/alkyi type formulation, and no bodying or gelling encountered at elevated temperatures. (d) Ovalite Underooater (479-767) 1. Any of the cobalt drier replacements recommended above may be used in connection with this product, (Table 5) 2, Wo excessive bodying.or gelling was encountered with this type formulation at elevated temperatures, (e) Automotive ^Dulux*1 (93 Line Red and Black) 1. Black (93-005h Drier mixture #3 (Mft and lead) appears to be the best cobalt replacement in these products from the standpoint of initial and long time drying stability. Wo wrinkling tests were run on this particular replacement! however, a wrinkling test was conducted on the #2 {Mn and Ca) type replacement which proved satisfactory but very slightly inferior to #3 in drying DUP030003355 2. Red (93-1683)% In this product, best results {including wrinklingT~areobtained .by reducing cobalt $0% and just adding .1% calcium metal on the oil# However, cobalt re placement #1 and #2 (Mn and Mn and Ca) may also be used with very slight sacrifice in hardness# (f) Clears - "Dulux" and Orthodox 1. t?Dulux}} Clear - RK-265*- Drier mixture $3 {Mn and Pb) is the best cobalt replacement in this type product. However, the lead content Should be held to minimum amounts re quired to avoid excessive cloudiness; 2. Orthodox Clear - VK913; In this product, replacing 50% cobalt with lead only (2b/lratio Pb/Co) appears sufficient to give performance equal to std# Mixture #3 (Mn and lead) may also be used to obtain the same results* BLMi cms 10/29/51 MARSHALL LABORATORY DUP030003356 TABLE I COBALT DRIER PROGRAM 1. Determine whether* excess cobalt is now used by decreasing its amount 25%, 50%, 80% and 100%. 2. Reduce inhibitor content 50% with the 50% reduction in cobalt. 3. Reduce the cobalt 50% and add 0.1% calcium metal as the naphthenate. (on the oil) to determine possible activation of cobalt by calcium. 4. . Reduce cobalt 50%, replace with manganese, and add 0.1% calcium metal as the naphthenate. 5 Reduce cobalt 50% and replace with manganese. 6. Gut the cobalt 50% and put in lead to give a ratio of 20/1 of lead/cobalt. 7. Cut the cobalt 50% and replace with manganese, add lead drier to obtain a ratio of 30/1/1 of lead/manganese/cobalt. 8* Cut the cobalt 50% and add calcium naphthenate to obtain a ratio of 1/1/6 of cobalt manganese/calcium. These tests will be made in the following types of products; a. Brush MDuco" White 80-26 b. "Dulux" Super White 58-5223 c* "Duluxn Clear RK-265 d. Automotive MDulux" 93-005 and 93-1863-R e Ovalite Undercoater 479-76? f. Interior Semi-Gloss 670-760 g. Orthodox Clear RK-913 BLMscms 11/8/51 DU P030003357 iB/gosI? Duoa U)h;+e C S6 - & 0 DUP030003359 TfihLe. 4-* DUP030003360 DUP030003361 DUP030003362 DUP030003363 DUP030003364 DUP030003365