Document aBmNO2djLpMYe3oZD71381VQM

Tlnal Report IjmSTIGATIOB COSCXSS1SO THZ CAPACITT Of IHHAIXP EATLO DUST TO IHJTJHX TB1 LUVO 1 to the Ovene-Illinoie Glaee Company n. urJSGJMWENTIA Jantiary 10* 1952 CONFIDti'iTIAi. Final Report TW ST* GATT" .'I .iP-vrirr o? rnuLEU iayio oust Cv:cro-'i.:inoi,3 Clas3 Company Toledo, Jjiio t>y Tfco Cnrocac Laboratory Saranac Lake, T'err York Jr.r.nar/ SO, .1352 cunibind by: r"aur a, vojtts.ii:, irsotor, TliD Tartnaj Labor?, bor, nd The 'Trudeau `oaacaoion In cooperation ?.iTh: Thecas U. Durban, 'i.S. Philip C. Pratt, L\D. Edertrd C,J, Urban, .J.S.E. Anthony B. Delahont Tonald A. Bailay 01 034 0002 j.- zz r_nio l*js? i.'vi; -'..j Cvono^I.'-linsis diasu Coicprcy hwl developed to the pilot olnnt .;tae a now indust r-.al product, lx ora r.s laylo, which could be used 22 a thermal insulating ruterie.l and lor other applications. Accordin' to inform;, cion supplied by ths company, this product '.-.as prepared by heading under scoto pressure a suspension of celciun hydroxide, allica, and asboetoc to for- hydrnccd calcium silicate. 1 hudiee at The Saranac Laboratory showed that although the :. rinoionl senescent of Saylo was the hydrated calcium 3ilica:o, scao unchanged ran nr.teriaic. including asbestes and freo silica in th3 .`era of quartz or uiatcraceous sarSh, wore also present in the final product. 2ofore Itayio was used aomoroially on a large settle, i; ~c incoitmt to deuamdna whether or not any dust liberated from this product during manufacture, handling or fabrication would be likely to constitute a respiratory hazard ;o errrosod individuals. Therefore, a sen jrehcnsiTe investigation was -.mdortatan in riiich tha affect of inhslsd Ihxyia dust on cninals v.t.s studied. The invootigaiion was started in Tobvv.a:"/ 1345 'nd was carried or. for .aaro then five yours, it explored the natv.ro of the pulmonary tinar.s : criccicr. to ihhaVod laylo dust in norm! :nii:nla and in animals harboring a t-.berculcue ir.foction. In this final report of tho study chc priiici.cl findings gircr. in previous interim reports .Till be raviuwod brieilv. cud the conclusions dorirad from tha entire experimental program ..111 bo stated. 01 034 0003 Final isport Osns=IlliKCic l-J^-52 II i-Lhic.., ui lee matorie.l used for -v .r.o f--: ousespheric cost in the experimental r-'-.i :-ccn wai fir.ely-ii Tided u a cir'ciincd from the dv.rt collectors of ths hir'.ir, 'r.vi "n-y - ?> :h uaylo is rrtr.uf;soursd, fee r.auarirl roc ruvsi*7tu ia icourace uhicncnbs. d folierrs: L-c-j '! - Seesired ii .'2 - n 1 j7.>w -> " ! I'i'ary la 45, bruary 1347, .auary 1249. A. Ccsmcaitlsg; rii'j ?oswO.ts or 3li'r.ieii :kJ petrographic analysis of a representative. curnle of the notarial as rocaired at The iarunac laboratory, are nivm ir. table 2, It -Jill be ..accd that the only csbeotoo mineral rovealed by the petragrapfcic oxa-ninstioa of this sample is efcryeotilc. lirea Aaylo is a oe.-eirrcial produce, it is possitio that minor alterations in composition lay occur from tins to time in accordance 77itii changes in >:hs rrsr Tutorials urod. for example, the quarto mAcs f.ir let -*1 of laylc "is J.oaa tlaa 1 -;r curst but has quarts content of lot; -jl rad ,v3 crus boesnan 2 to 5 pur er.it, In the final shipment of flryio, i/.icoiTsd in c.-nuary IS 40 :-.nd first uoed in ^his smaeriment -in September 1313, tia asbofuoa cooper:cj : contained the nir.orol anosito as msll os chryuohi.'.j.. 'iho fibers of rcioeits, in comparison rvith those of ohrysotils, are loss flexible end hove a higher iron content, However, since experinsnta T.ith snincic have shewn that both naositc and ohrysotilo ere capable of causing ash: s ee si j, it is unlikely that ths subsT/itucion of the one r-irersl for the ctasr An Xaylo rrould cause a significant cl tang* in che tonic properties of the final crccuct. 01 034 0004 lepers J-neca-.ilinois 1-3C 0 2. X-~.ay diffraoticf- ;tud;.53: The H-.-sy diffraction pattern of aamplja of tvn uifforeut chiplants of daylo ai i .he to in fig. 1. ~:o pvc ait i proeven .rchicly those ef a '..ye.-cv.3 calcium siliuoto, 7T,'.i:h it oho r.-incipcil cc.-.pcaent of laylc. .'on- arila.1 of ..i '.saras a nd j iitrios::..: Shut the .v.isroi lias it stronger in : :im in c, indicating that \ ha hylo . aoai7--d an Jcruary 1S4S has a .:igher runrhc soatai.t il'.an !v:e the curlier preduot. recoi?sd in -January 1345. Tainc li-.oj renrosen'etag oilcitc zee ;.:rys:tilj _-.ro visible in both pnitorr.:. 'ii't motion linos produced by ec.cai'.s ire also praoaat in pattern b. C. Ejaa-.-r oqr.anoy o:-rJluc; "hr si`'.e-distribution of Kaylo dust is afcirn ' by the "rraph in fig. 2, Tha linos of the graph rep'-ceent -;ho parent r-storial in tha iuit iLachino -.aid two samples of etaos- phsric dust ccllooted in the ciust rocn on different days, A magnification cf liOOX -roe used in urlting :h -jiac-.Voqueney counts. It uill be not ad i.ot about -33 per cent cf the ptrfciolss in tha parent pictorial viciblo at hat magnification 01*0 mailer than 5 -nicrons in -icej tbo corresponding -nluco for hhs ceanlos of atmospheric dust arc 33 :md 35 cer cent. This uif forenca in ths ~to zaz?lj ci atmospheric dust, tmich r.ero derived from ib'j :ui cirsnt tutorial, ;.iy huve bin due to che d*iyto*-iay variatici in Lvniiity iaside cha dust roorc, m. hiviiv tr .r:t~tU3 ?.brcas luring the course of the inT-J.atigatiou Ti;h Ki.ylo dust five interim ruperta vera issued. The first report, dated "try 13. 1346, revealed that in guinea pigs 01 034 0005 r. aoort Z:nz.i-' llanols i-ii-52 era0sad for 14 ..-.cnths to \r-\s cunt the tijsuo /ccrica consisted ori > t.' .livirosoopic xoxol colic. C',::.: c - colli, .".w 5.5sjoxatad 'vcb.r-ocL.i .;a ?.s =.-i.:n ho.U .0 3 * * * *3 > # , ,m **>* . < k or 'ccoicr SC. iii*, it no-.:d wvt -1. ' . J - * j.j;! ' * * ' : :'rz" "07I0 J'.m; hc.i i-ihslsd into ;v: V-n^s .,. duuoa 0ol j-.o.: 1."' "lire -ai - '1 . :.C 'cpcioo for '6 .ccr.tho or l.i -jin-:. ,:ie* j/.-podoo for ZO the. -he.:.* .* i.idinjs oo .asd to oho* Xaylo dust -,o ; :. logically i*;rt material. - .-, tr.a JxporLTor.c coaling rdth tin* ol'f';; of ."5 =. - ;'.i >ns results more inconclusive, i.c .icexit;; z'.-.i. c cho ixpor: JiouJLu -:-3 a ti.a. ho ebsr -Z'). 1-jd`J, presented the final ob .orra :i :.u -h. :jt-'fary *1 pr-vc 0; _ .e'.m -id "v-lo -cot on aoras.1 uainfacted -ninaa 'ijs.. tr.v-r.itirj L;p.-c-r.oicas. based upon an ospoeuro of -Ij ._c..ths; --.i.-h 'jrv. 0 : i :: ' bs inert. Shs study of aaiEcls . .rocani : re:. .jIc: .0 : ractri^l is not Lr.ert hue ic cop foie c **.l;-ri3* 3 l.:.i:?.\-::.rt rf jrcw*;.uc.r-S asfcoato-'is la jia.noa pi.^a, ic\:*v*. a.Micoaiw r.cr .'i'.Toais ..hiil* _ > oc.v.xrsd by -Zxizc ri".: i : -. icaiid ,,j :Ii* mioses nrinals. Oho ^.ccort. .'actd :jil SC, .15M, ravished the reauitu of -'...* :.r:; `J r.ci.o>.*; a ct:o >r'r. ;.:c in r.hica the aj:feet cf ir.hx-.ita it;. _ aur~ cn a tudjoculcoa infoctiar .a jjir.oa pig3 ki3 stuoloci. 'Jo doi'ir. .io'.y torse offo-t cf tae dust r-. C. .d ;.n.:ction curin' this S-aonths cc.-ir.i acted. 3 fifth roper", dnttd "_ik / i} 10S3, JuppioEantod the ir.*'or=x visa iiren in :'c-;rth report by -Thendi ij die cbiomtions to infacoed vjr.aa. 01 034 0006 apart Cvena-.'llitoia l-3f.~ oZ nhat had been er-> aacd ia r.yio -lust far periods vs to 14 .larctha. '.'ho 'ladings it: icat tiuo j;:-: h-u " <t\z -.usi '.mi a ali.ghtly aa-arr-- r..ii.'.cr.ce or vh; .-..vir - raj-so; .Li.actim in 'r.iaea ci^s but tfcnc nT-et *.? 3 ;;v zo as :< t;o o.'.3d no thir: n'.cutr oust. ^ j As i .contiuu.vtic" of thu a rev1.:, out '..it; x-is: reports and no a suisv.c: y far '.la ;ino.l ropcrt, a .swan )i -he ar. :iro propria of study i3 rcportar'., "a ilia inhnlution -sxpcriuitat \ ur.raciaci -Voera coiy So. 1012, lii'O, 110-i-i ..voupj of guinea pi^u, rate. .-.re. '.lrr.jcara i*ors pieced ir. a cubical dui;c rocs, 3 foat ia diasasion, in tihich nr. ats;ospheric suspension of fr.ylo dust .us ::aiaci2.`.d, Taa icon 'vuj cj:ora-:jh for aero firm five ;..-9ar3, Area "Vo-airy 1345 bo June If 50. .'.brut '. uei.:c1j roro used in the experiment ::d sons of vhez lived in hii Curt noon for as loa; a* 3 years. ~oaditic:is of nooosur-o fh-o sirsoepnsric auspsnslcn of '.i.i./lo dust :,aJ srsatad by the ucticn of : ; uuriio that rstatod inside hopper, Icoaved iu a ccrner of the duot room, "hioil aoncoined sha finely-da. viced i'aylo product, fhe suit cloud ^ar.sratad a ahis manor floated cut into she roan mere it '.ms maintained for 2 hours v.; 'i'.o days of the rreck and far 1 hours on Saturdays. At rej'nl^.r iatsrvals curin' the oxporinont a fee mi L?.is "nora '.cilia.: md the tissv.es enossinad ;::c:sly and microscopically to iccen.tinc fro nature and the extent cf the oust reaction, '.'he tissue vrr.a also tnslyuod chemically to estimate tlvi uncurb of Kayla duet retained i -sho lunrps of animals exposed for definite curnowS-ox cue. 01 034 0007 ..'.r.i 'oor0vo--.8"Tilir :i. i-ii- -u-; zzzz.zz ,iv Lte.tn; . i;. 1 oapingsr ~:rc :z<l -.v..-:: j-r.i';ci ...... . : cap Zi r.v'.isc r'l in Ihe dzj'. re.-..: i ;-c.'.car o.' .lay*. 2 'ri min : -anra . its -'l',;-'1. *ai .-/--c- '.nfscccd '^^3 i:)5 "alilis. tns zz~ "..msaur-s of ' v.- d Ihrae m-ici-rs * s*:ifcn.: 0A.3. rat, h.-.saaer - vara alloyed la :ia /me 5 ::V2s-i.*-.-lau, '. ' of vhc findings is ^iver. la t&blo 20 . >....-a, jo.ir.-..?. .v'.^b .uO ?d of cos ri^perioianc 100 'avnc'ccced :\.i dust zzz-z or.d c v.-ntha OC :.! ~ora ad:t .*; ln::o .v.icc- la z>zzt ns.c line in n nnidonic W.' CUv*> 0.' ?'.*.'lOttl . j *. . . *1. v-hn - c;.r.v3 ?.l .io ir. tjj . -;.* -3 V..v. .c<; : rta \..y `r.LJ* : ' . ;vo!iod .r.' \ % - C * i ' "t. ' '* ^ v- ** * * - - ^ ^ --7 M C *'"'*' *> "Z ' . '* *.0 :.rsu rr: o:r3: . jr. ).. . i; / ;u .? co *.* j i.'S'C ii3 *:-u:o A* .A c A A'; --iS 1A -c *;*.U- in o . 1- - . I.vc Di ;a' 'v:.iis v:i;r: :;r. .v 01 034 0008 'inai ' 3?or": C'?ena-Iiiiao?.j i--i)32 giinc calls rrere -risible cuo cnsre '-.as no ixceaci-re proiiforatian of rlsiuj :ij-.iocytes or rr.:o3-ui-'-- ci v;i-jr'vc tiisua. -i ?irr r.zfcustosic bcdis3 -uro coon (fig. 1inroaccpi? jtur.y cf iie i-rt'.cheobroachlal ly.sph rods 3, './hv-h baoaus j.'.l.-rvcd bu-: .mai.. vd :cri. rjvcalad clusters of ir*;ti-s lusc jsIIj umlcr :o -..hae i.-. jha lon^s Lut vi ;hsut aebastoaia bodice, it is pertinent to point out hero that animals axposod to aa'oectos dus^: for a :;imlar 30isath3 period exhibit a savore tissue reaction with tho product:, on of fibrosis ,fig. 5), for M.>.`o-jricon> 1 lurg section of a norcal juinaa 013 13 shown (fig. t>), ?ha f r.nis;al3 ..-37and 00 /.cylo duat for ncra then 30 aonths ' 3 cninals for S3 -ionthe and 3 cai;:al.'. Tor To nonius) aheuod not only the ic;i use libs .heso of the ZQ-:wnths s.r-:n-.-.lj but -also etthihifed a true fibrosi3 cC a type charnctsvistio of the recpcaso of ycicja pigs to inhaled asbestos iTcor3. '.hie reaction is s ;hsr di ffuoo type of fibrosis ehioh foras principally about the bror.chi.olc3, she sr.al_ ir.cts froa thich the ternlnal air spaces, jt alveoli, nri.ee. /. oorpsrisen of fig. 7 end fig. 5 reveal a chs airi Isr by of tho tissue recotica produced in tho lungs by *aylo duet and by a see see i dust. ihe lesions in the irachecbrcnchial lynch codes ahooed no <.h:crii> hotvo^n 30 nenths cad So uwvths. 2) This species v.na employed toe case typical nodular fibrosis produced by inhaled ouartz dual v.waiops more rapidly in r-bs in an Inal a of ethsr spocias. i'erty rats rare uicd end core of then -rare 2:--osed to ICaylo dust for as long as 13 naafchs, -ccuaioniE T7bs not a orcblrs. during tha first year of the. oxcorincnt but among the rc.ts exposed for 13 to 13 monfcbo 13 auir.alc o.icd nlth terminal bronchiolitis end lcbulur 01 034 0009 final I-iport hrecs.alliincis 1-32-32 ar.sunor.ia,, Since lasers'.'s r,1-', than cui- year, >/cn those ncs srpcseci to duss, ccc::.:l;' ' ijvss sc th.3 typs of ioaian, the high aortalizy rata is sot sanal-sorea significant. rn order to Mellon the ?rc^r>iS"ic.*4 c* the tissue r'ttftina is the inhaled .'aylo dust ruts treru rilled zb groups of 4 uiter o, 5, 12, 15, rad 13 norths of exposure. It ~as revealed (fig* 3) that throughout the oxsariaent the reaction to the fuse consisted cf focal collections, in the alreoli, of aaorophagoa T?hich contained particles end cpier.Is,* of dust, The only chasgo observed t3 tho exposure sorted bycans lrnjr r -vac ,:r. increase in the number of the alvoolar foci, Similar d.ust^fillaa a.-acropaagus tore seen in the tracheobronchial lysrpa nodes. In no tninal %rns there any tissue reaction typical of siliooaiO; The peribronchiolar fibros.lc cf eshesussis as.not discovered, though ocoasion- al -isbestosia iodise vere observed. In vion of other experiments with pure ien-;-fibre asbcctoa dust, tyoioui uaribronnhiolar fibrosis would not be oxpootcc in IS norths czpc.r.ve to ~aylo oust. {3} footers. 'hroivty sensteri 'rare placed in the cunt room and after I, h, 12, and 13 rsorthj cf expo aura animals -rare Icillac vt aa-h por.-od for ooudy; at the 3 _snih3 period 6 u ioali that died from other souj :a v:_ ; ensninod, Histologic o.rm.'s'sion rc/^alsd shat the Kr.ylo dust soc'T.rulatad very alcwly in f::c lung "o iMlr.jsi s \reD soji. axe apt in era '.'.iiirtsr, which had baan expo, od : sr is srosxhr.. .u that animal there '.j s. -race of peribronchiolar I'i.V.-oris .*. slight that it cou.'.d ba definitely vsccgaizsd cnly at high nazalfis:. si or.. -:tsstos:;.s bodies in small nur.sars and c.t the usual eites nova present. 01 034 0010 . Laai : spcrt >';r.a^IIliaoi3 i-20-52 ":3ur8 of :.'Cerov.lc'.'.: ars 'c? .::l3 >* : . - : ..''.of *sr c starria.*.::" iv ?.rflmd ': j _;-i 2. zz 'n, /hue, v.r'.vcali-j aiaca-M cna ;hs . :_ccicii v ` i-i LzuzIjs a'..': .Hi '-o.:i..- ;i`uiv.^'..;ouciy. "n tr.a .-one2::..'a .-Loor. I r.iin i.` . ficr -C.L .'eccc'. vri;h c'r.o t'oborcle br.to.ll. , riiomd ho li-o is i :loiM aono johorrcr c%'3r-?l xsnths coicra b i-5 o::^- jooad >1' parted '- iu'ocrjuicv.j Ilssa'is jenerali.y :a*r33SJ8 .oc.: .v!o.'noo, Pcllo-rins aino-jr-: of the :inal3 -o soxa j v.he io y::.-/ :c':v,,' js -c rory-coa -.r, Then other dnrta, ;ha tMoarculcua zv'c :ss *.'/ :`-ccns r.'-yef.rs ar. s;r:&iv Vm rrsdi ;acj.itica r.'xperixtiix is one .01 . .-.t-.ziz-.Ls y^-pcsed -0 dust Per oe7sr?.l rcachs, t.ra then infsotce. :.:o :.-z i_:ao.-'\.'.t oly rccar.ja co the guhs men, were choir oxpoayjrs r.c dujc .3 lOiO'iinuci, *2 :i;i3 ?>cy tho sftfoic of 1 prc'r-.ova fust exposure or. c'-.c .-.i* ..: " eoivso ? 0 ccborculcv i--fcortion con bo rouciod, -'or i : rho offset of inhalei .la-'l; Hat on the courso '; :;h .iC'.llvi.j v-.f icticz. 2 tavc.cular .vbconuotad 3v.*.?ir of hsiM-type 020 jt :ia :ac..IV.i. aucr-i as tVe ?:1, strain.- -.ca ..nloy-1 od, Y'ii nirnir. has a lev '.o yoe of Tirulor.co for :*v.incs. ;ij;0 . ;f, 1.-. thv ]."ol , p.-cduc-o a oo.l iinitad disease '.rb.ich vr.'!:. -r:o 'v-.'Oa fc ' d --:o canths aud s'ifc :oqvicn''y hoei- In an auiioal o'-.ich iO>.Lj.cd -;r.?rti .iv.rt or certain other la3'.:. rev.-jvor; the dfsauoe i'.:..dly proyesaea ccniir.uously end ultiiaaooly o-iuico the loath of !;ho c.iiaoi, line 3 experienoo lias indicated that c..'oeroio 01 034 0011 iic_.iii of cha r.,b otruin her? .vcc'.vt '..; can? doTTOd of virvl-srioo or vs .tinea pig aj iv.torcle tveli'.:-. ' ` vt-Ti- ttruis hr,-a .'or ten, .; io . o.ihlo to ohinir :cno 'tv;:. j vTO.-.r hho influnncs of mri./vs ..uoto .a v rv.h'srculcv.a .lal-'orij: '. In guinea ;.ipo o.ad the >ff;ec of bo'o hurts .1 .: -.'-ro'ii;ua uottuou ir 1.- ..-.-v-vi.'i ro-'-'iro. ''or infsouisv ' ivo vei....',io rd.th bacilli on \u_v.i ..tic: cjoanij ao j j ?d, A ;luns tubs t:au i'i ;tsd s rar c' a&sal's ao3 .vod vet- 'hia tv., a a vu'p-ir!-icn ccnteir.inp e iaic.ta tcabor of bacilli ~.i` ' he r.^ .-ra.-.* ** -i A - -u'.llh'.ja :-.cat .or. .'3 "3 qt.1t.3l1 o: oo.v-uc',. muled .hi ecuoi;; uu-ou-ot :u of 1.r.cilli into the iaags, ra*.v.*; t'.^y .:c..v.:j zca. 1.y w v-.*:^A't.-i'- fev.f? ir ''j ' '.vh'. io. in `ooted ^t :h .-.... .'_;or .rcoony.re .~j .' .v.-lo ':-;it ~ j rtr.rtod. In thio fv/ot iTtooriroonc in " '.i \ ^ ;.t:r*-> .`.^Vcc'ci'i h tyborclo bacilli at bho o-o.o rha-.; their .u.ro to a cusc eas c :rd [ tibia o;. do ^uin* tigs - ?;*e '" a; .03 . oiConio ef paavtr.ouia our:.u_; the :irot .10 trosrths roduood to 13 ;he *i - - mm2 o rrail ah lo for . ;v.ly. 'faro of these died at 1-i -.orthe, :.ppao-nulr v prcgrratiT tuborcuiccio. rad 3 others died froa un:ero.-aine<i o/.-iess. iut net hr: tuborculosi3. 'n the rrneining 12 >niral* the course of .ho out orcv.ious dinoaso raa foilov/? o by hi 11 .Ins 1 or 2 animals at 1, -, 2, 12, ib, 13, and 24 r.o-rhs ai'tor ;.rf verier, 'a 11 of vho 12 'a:..r.alo ttj lci<'v*.o >re ioolated, er.capaulatod. and .-o'I'esaing; in the rocLAinlng m cral, c-i .is .Tilled at la months, hr.<3 i >cicr:3 -..ro rridoiioroad throughout ore vrr.j but _ibro3i3 had hucn a reduced, -.vnir.h indicated a tendsnuy to hae.l ,, r_i ateor.pt to o.oralco a -train of guinea _iir^ rosirsant to hive infection that hud the noevEoaia, o:.-.c of the r.ir.ale ..ore used for brooding r.o.rir;-. - 1C 01 034 0012  aci - ' * : s - - > : , . ji .j, 01 034 0013 rrere--llinoi3 i-Ii oil tubercle '.'hather -ha infoshicr is combined rith d\at enp ;-ero ;r .10:. .'hoca anlnals nuu'c ha '.iciuuad 7.3 -taayirg tis effect of ox. .v.ilad -.x: pen a Cv.barouiouu c ;ion. Is bolirr'sd that ^sport3" vre *ai=sij 'hosa "tiro ranistanco to via a bt.runted 1- crp.znina is unusualI ' Ictt, ii.pooi-t ,>r :aic belief la jivw V/ v.tperionse rltb quarts dust, 3 '_j;'ir.ifoly '.asardouu ..ateriai, rrhich ;\.acui vanes an inhalation infection pro Vxcc:i by vtccnuaied ?.t bacilli cut ordinarily :. j rot associated i*i:.h tuberculous muonsion -'o catena other than ths lungs e_ad ti-sohaobronchial iyahi redos. .is ocutrol ncuaductud group (table 5) ox"* guinoa pigs for this ei.-parinnaab '~j ir.foctud ,:.t the case tiau as tho -e-uperiisntal group of anisals sut'sequei:-:- ly fustid. 'he c.uts culture of arguni-err \ra3 used for all anicals. the ruboroulora inl'cciion ic limed its ureal course in the control group red resolved in nil of ths arirnls creept on9, 3 ''sport", in nhich tho r.iaoase spread, ..itheugh a crogrossrcc tuberculous disease '.ns net-td in 4 guinea pi pa of she second o:ucrifficnt, the deevaa cf -Jiriransion of the disease 'r. thin srr.s slight, '.ha mainiug S3 aaianl.',, 5 cf rtj.cn died of intercu.Twe nnosnerria., dhcred no spx'and and the infoctica fcliorsd the natural course of ragraosicn und healing cs ir. tho ncc-dustod control nuiaala. ft is 'jolijvcd, therefore, that the ir haled hsylo dust had no aijiificruitiy sdrsruj effect on the tuberculosis. (2) Reactivation infection; r _ gvir.ea pies, after being infected, lived in clean air fer several sr.nthB before haing Jioocsd to f.r.O.o dust. In the reactivation a:n>ariirnnt ( sable 4) 25 guinea pigs more infected uith she attenuated bacilli and aliened to livo in a clean atmosphere. -xinals 01 034 0014 CsT-ara-Illinois 1- 13 -52 of tlii* group vuro traasisrrod so tho duirt room at 2 norths (10 crurals), i scathe (3 animals). rac t `.caihj (' asirsla) niter infection. ..'a ardor ':? follow tho of --: "c; . c;: c r of or. ,o: sis of .a* first rub-jioup ;2 n:n-cb3 in cites lir) -:.zj '.rillad citar only Z rcnths of dust ?r. uuditian. _r. --osl.. .vt.u j.l' .-Tcups roro killed is pairs uftur 1, 3, eec 12 .rcueha uL urpesuro to the dust, Zoairi.rotion of oho ti3auj if :no duiXJt! luiisuis failed to a aignifiscac roccciration of iha -ub-trouicus iiocaao ay tho ir'iniec I'cylc dus*. Only one animal shsorad aridonco of spreading pulucrary sih-icuicri?, siainal in oxtent (fig., 1C). Ifcce oniii-rJ. '-ra 1 of ,3 :hae hud lived in clean cir for 2 months after in^ ioccica end then had been aajo3ec no eh? dusr for 12 months, hx ir.3 control group ( rr.fcia J.) :ha tuberculous disease behaved in the rcr.'ul on a r and healed, v-i :h the a re-prion that one animal (a !rpcrt!l) developed a roreading diraces nsd died iron tuberculosis 3 norths after infaatica. [3,i .-'rrdirooriticn in:\3etion:__ssuiaoa pigs vore infected_3 ranths aftcr '.hois- erpoourc to >ylo dust uas stnrtcd. An oreperixeat of this type Is t jsvore toot bsccufo a dust chat is 011I7 very elightly ramie ray produce iiucuu chungoe o-hich, choug.i minor in ohcrcotor, nay be sufficient co uiror profoundly the dcvoicprccnt ox-' ?. fresh tuberculous infection. In this ovp orinert (table 5). ohxioli -.ras dosigr.ud to snu.dy the effect of Zuylo dust uocunulatsd in the lung upon a ua-ly-cioveleoing tu'cTculous disease, 50 puisaa pigs more exposed to the duet for 3 souths and then wore infected rith ctccsuated tuberole bacilli.. ins duac exposure vrae immediately resumed ur.d carried cn for another 21 months. 01 034 0015 Cro33~:ili-=*J 1 .10. i' "uris; :\:o sojrjo cf * :.j c ji.izr.ls 'rera billed rt ;'.-.a ,,ur - '* ?4Vii-::?.sar/ i ; /.uy rfcctrod only xr. iccaticuai `. : > ji :ucr; , ir : z:': : ". ..a :! . . tainr sp-tov., >f .: 3 .v.sv-id ns.d if.-otti vjinrlj. .' it*i : \vJ:'rc-.z yasuricn.ti., v'.\iuh siinir'ai.jj `b/.a: - >; ..dir./ rii'.vav?..aio; .'. _ ira.. ....i a ;< iisahhs a:T ;or iai'os-cin .-r ;>. saining 1/ er.inale vc-ro '/.ill.'a la 1 b ! ? vO. -0, vad 0 yczv.ia if.a 2 -.3rd iill:d .it 11 r.oa:'vs zjzvr * ail or.. rr tho- iavc-ji- -j2 17 misals, 1 aliened Jtnoy ecr-r.idsn:; or,. iO ravealib son.4;-s;*.;ti inr&ading iubarclaa and c exhibited he ale i b-rclia, y .Tiadin ;o ladle eta that . tuberculous ini'octicc in guinea 3-' 2/ii .-.ijiaatis -yr-:Tz.~ ur.a ;ho ;i'btr a prolonged cinoa'ire or? the onixaia '-/la d'i.TC .r; ini. tic-ad jo 'ii_T2v-.1r7.bly iru'luencod by "ha inhai.od M.ia i7..','.vf.i-..ii, his aini_-.nl ia degree. .;\:lcv.o ir >.2 :v. ia ia :he control r-.icals (table 5; ia 7 : oral -;-cr..:vd ..ar. i.ci'.ia. 0; ./.a control roi.usla Shore area, 22 usual. 1 -`i'cr-: hil'.ii _:i :-.ea;!u' n.`. in*- iai'ectibn, trhioh reveal-: d 1 fen cc;Vvtf.red :ubrrc2as i-v: tis.-p of fchv :" reading type. ~2.' /si3 c*! t}.3 3i'.o oi r.:-o:i:d urinals V. soil analysis cl itai^s of vninTresod guinea pigs that had .3 layio dust Tor ooriaii up to c3 r-.orths .yi aldod the data r-.aorcod a..bis 6. ic -.rill bo iito2 iaau nr. the yo.icd of r:oo.iura tecans lc;:i_i- . _.-h values rrndv.a.ily iv.e.-t,o.iud, r.r.uo j'r.rrio^ t-tf.t ninyrul sntt-v.* ii aiv.ulating la the Ivr./.a. hire -.a: c. prcnciir.cod incroe.eo In the sill tv. net 'V) to about :J0 :.cnv-hs *-iid then p. slight decrease. The roc a or. lav 1 \ .. 01 034 0016 ^TTOTw-IlliilCiS 1 ;.t~z >% * ^' oasorvTi '.u i-pjfiMa": -y;'i acr.av .rz:z. . : v-4 * ' ' --~ *.5 : - i: .. * i to dii-itiui of :'m ' 'It' .. * t?w s z vauyj.; ,-f : i: or'-:. *-; ,,c~:Lzz vhich : 1.- Timir.. ir. :!.s jvi.i-c- "i ,:a ' * i'i * ? ..r. i, tj ( *i "*'iw *" i *"/ ** ' ^ 'or T'pc3'i i ruli.oc .ceaslcrull/ <2 '! V vIaV :hi __v.:r:i I.-rao ,:z cl;srl/ InuicotTd., -**. . * v .1 .ibiur; Iori~cG t'vj vurifua -irrr.icn crrjsrirsots (Til! b.j 'Z-uunticno<i, -n-uuvj icr :.ovv :3L., r...;r. i.\co : j? 3'irovs \f.iat Joylo dure, ion j~r& 3iu- l'-.v .. j-TGloaged ;_-ri3d (oO t-j * ; i.z v-.v;.:.- Ij of o/cuvo1.:.^ :v.: ~..iferoaohioiar fic.-oiis ohzrTct utj o':afto;ir.. .'o fioicoi: ne by tV.j lahalod iv.; ; i.j .-c; cr iu 3. > .voivtr.c-i tbit fibrosis `-33 Icroly ;vcs ....... - - y mvier* lb-:- II r.zr.^'r-z. V. :i:.*.o ; Aov;v. ,-.o -icrccir iuiruiir, .-urocsd for ; ; u:T;J i'.oooc :c 03 ono Iv~ Lor.;. .-.\*:.-cu*ti .vrakovi by tho :-.aoto It coroocvrls Is : uvlo d.u;t : ;ible oiith -u ;arly sot ..2 iu * I..v ;ic u;iz.b of vib-otosis, o u . 'u;ii Vn:r3 is ; Oi-u-iilvuei-;:. 0. '- :Ib.r:: fc; i;u,:.II:^ :.u ti:c :or Iv...... iol.3. .'b.3 I'e-'l;I.; '..'-.'.V vl.- ; c.TVrticuiaio .`r.trr:.?.!,. .v :..:ior.;.j.iy doioritcd cbiofl** in v.'.t.cI- ;f-;ul:;v L:i rh* ?.v 01 034 0017 C3 ) 3 cc a3 i W _ V* JO w,,. 1 or `.o4 :n.c.\ / j 7 ;... 2 do i.:anc ..5; .o .;.., -UJ'; r. .* ~V.? S3 l.'wlC.". Ci rr/ra-'di.i'.Tc'r.'S't ?. "V *-i v.';' vi~ .t:s iv. o .1. -: : i , 1;: '.j ycf.iib.' ; *' , 01 034 0018 Cw.a-ZILiaais 1-TZ-Z2 o-ilsi'm iiiicata .rnich is -'-2 aa.jur ooastituant c:' fnylo 1*- 'say :asi -..1'; xichough tnora is 10 :'.v. idtica afcsivi shs of : ic : :: uid ca puisur-s."/ ':f.sr , ilto.-s L 3 v.oh ciiaisui t.;i -rcperiuiivcai ?-.*i :--u:3 13 r.--adt jiiic 1; is biai;.j'.-.aliy ruvshsmora, ia tie Uii-U 1;` ; *. .-:jS3 rrch .vcyio curs .-'vjyo vca 1:0 dvlsta: iau coded .; lic.'i isiid sttr_'su-:_d -i? cha ciilsi'.-j silioaiio cc.noancut of 3 iuhal.id Hid. oba jrTavioc is -.uppcrtcd by our 3I'sdiaa ooacercir^ riailcr _ : 1 ut.-i jiiic'.'.t.rs iii -oas^m:., 3. . for_ tubercul.ou.a mi--ds is.haliug fryla du.i: .ro ij'11.1.31 is* v:nori'i ia v.hiah tv.bsfculsua .juicca pi.;a *;or3 ' ic. lit. .l.o .`'vri uri..11 char .Thi.a ire- ~.ni:.-s 13 vrora infect::! Tri^h fu'jjrc.l* `.r.c.--Ii as :r.o s__j ''incsur-; to tho cu3X .:uo -nrs-usi, j. -erf) 'so'erd prior :o .1--- iism, irr_v.ic. Zryio '..ust had I if; .'..< \r 1 .orr.'olj .fid:/: if si'/,iflens as '2 i-ia 'bc/wleus iufactiaa. .u.-; of ..-.porr:1. .ifrif 1 '..`is .'r.h.svou'.i.LS sisr.r.sa hsdad ia a 2,:".si ; -:s -u i-'i in -w i'sv: 'shat 3 ill'sit-it; r. t-prraUiaj, typa of Vesica '. j :.z:-tzsioa of i\'-.c r-...rir.js 'ey -ihs dust was riaisal, ' hen ih-: nLviii ir.' a'.oc "-S.7I0 erst for sonoral aor. th3 *ocfor o 'csias; irftovsr.. she ;v.*sscqu;rrc acs'.vr.ulatic?. r-f the dusts in tho lunss tcirsoc so .-r :; a slightly ur.favored l _ infl'.-.ji-.ou- re '.`is usva.l com*ra si' 'r.n rs-''.u'cf.i;\>3 - v v* '/i: .U3U, viioa inlitlcv. lav a os o.Va^cd ssvied, ia capabls of p-.oiuairs :.7 01 034 0019 Crea;Illiiai3 \-cC-32 in tha s! -uioioa ^f-. b"'. act of raio, tho poribrocchiolar fiorosio typical of aafcostoaio. '*:* inhaladaa of 'lo '.v.rt .*!!. ..vt ;uUtv is jsiB-ii pigs, rota, or 1:5002*ier3 '-.iti-Br oilicooxs f.'.o wii/.'usa ftbrooia T.+iioj ^onotir.ia Rollons \TiO `.'iLI?. M - C V r' 0. -'.-o of .'rj io :;.*.*sw iooo ooc /i-jiifj.c:ii:o?.y bifluacoo the uouil coar. 5 o:` '.lib-.rrcolojia ii ..-..i/i :a pi.'js ia.'ootjd a'c-eo-matad tuboralo be.cilll. _:rov_:;=d its ir.'zc-.-zc i3 ji'isn to tho aniuals osforo they oro first a::co2oi :o ':l\i 'tict. fa ^uicoa jigs .hat hara ialuiod -loylc dual; for ovrorsi .o.atho boioro box::" iiaootad, a caatinuatico of tha oqicaura ?.opaar3 *a havs s jliriitly >: rr.TorabL'j offcot ca the diaoaaa. 01 034 0020 1. .. M w/ ,\ *r o ,.. V r..+> -J. "} > . T 1 --1 .7 ... .vi ..ii.'vT.ctica .::uj ;:v; .v. v../ :cn iis^s . r.sixus -v r .1 rc p-cfeah?.*/ :ic u; *.;i3 1 c^'t bhj .apio. ;a.' .`-j : :--:a :p r csir.-.. t - iy 1 c : j hviTsiiU* ?: %.\ - -- v0-..-i .<*t av.4 .i'jro -jI'J.--- 01 034 0021 ! I I >:cvr 3 .*. v:o . *53 ;caii 01 034 0022 ion; n ' :a . , v.z\ k. 1 1 a . : . u :.n : o ^^jcviod ... - .'i i * mo rJ i-.' ,i 01 034 0023 cc; ::o -'ir..-. 01 034 0024 i-inoii I j L i Ii i ft ti iC i i \ i ii i i i i ! i ohs i j i t ii 01 034 0025 i ! 1 01 034 0026 .-inai Report Cena-Tliinoi3 1-30^52 | Fig. 1 3WBAX DIFFRACTION PATT3RH OF IA7L0 a. Kaylo dust recoived la January 1946, b, Kaylo dust raoolved ia January 1949 Both pattarns contain lines chioh represent a moderate amount of chrysotile and of caloite cad a nail amount of quarts. Faint lines representing what is probably the hydrous oaleiua silicate component of Kaylo are also present in both patterns. In addition, tho original film of pattern b contains a eery naak line corresponding to amosito but the line is too faint to appear in the reproduced pattern. The quartz content indicated by pattern a is loss than 1 per coat and by pattern b, about 4 per cent, 01 034 0027 I 1 1 1 I 4 5 i 9 4 8  o^OTB * T l T 01 034 0028 final Report Owens-Illinois 1-10-52 nz. 5 'i, lung tissue of a guinea pig opposed for 30 nonthe to Xtylo . cut by ir.hniavion and then killed, cross section of o bronenioia is shorn- -use .drove tod slighcly to the loft of crater of the figure, "he other 3;cca -loooli. Koto :ho dark xijsos -rithin sane of the smaller toasts. jsp-.cialiy - ;hs right of the brcnchiclo. These .Tno3os era sucrcphages and ruih: * vc looted giant colls, .Vote o.ie thinness of the -roll of the bronchi ci*-} 'irtually nornal. is ic aoparent on comparison vith the tissue section ol a normal guinea pig (fif, b;-, An ssbestesis body ie prasmt in this fi-.rld and is repeal;t in fig. -1 at higher signification. (2C0 X) fig, high aa-.T.i?icr.ticn of vhe tissue section 3hcwn in fig. 3. 1 sj.3 higher ragnificr.on of otri ; of the Held of fig. 3 reveals a typical .'o.vn of asbestoaia oh: d?.rl : curved ilongctod structure to the right of : on tor. 1200 5. 2 Ci-CU-J is 33stos dust by i,:h Ticrogra;:: v:;c " n yiinca ".Li :po.:sd for 30 no.vrha to Xing'-i M.'d, The brcii-5'.n.ole \n r.-.is c. 01 034 0029 Fig, 8 Fig, 6. Lung tissue of a normal guinea pig, Thia field shows two bronchioles, or.e in cross section at the right of center and the other in longitudinal section The email associated blood Te3sel is visible above the bronchiole in longitudi nal section. Compare the thickness at the wall of these bronchioles with the thickness of wall of the bronchioles in figs. 3, 5, and 7. Note also ths crpty alveoli and ths thin alveolar walla in the normal animal. (200 X) Fig, 7. Lung tissue of a guinea pig exposed for 36 months to Kaylo duat by irhalation and then killed. In this photomicrograph a bronchiole is just above and to the right of center, j.'ote the thickness of the tissue between the lumen of the bronchiole and the lumen of the adjacent alveoli in com parison with the thin bronchiolar walls in figa, 3 and 6, Note also that the greatly thickened bronchiolar walls of the animal exposed to asbestos dust fer 20 months (fig. 5) are similar to those of this animal, exposed to Kaylo dust for 26 months. Fine strands of fibrous tissue are visible near the bronchiole in thia photomicrograph but they are more apparent, because they are leas dense, in the area at the right of the field where fibrosis hae extended to adjacent alveolar walls, (200 X) Fig. 8, Lung tissue of e ran exposed for 16 months to Kaylo dust by inhalation and then killed. The photomicrograph reveals simple accumulation ef cells in alveoli. ?ho cytoplasm of the cell: is packed with particles of dust. Kobe that ths slveolar septa, even vliose of spacss containing numerous dust cells, as's thin ->lioitvj, ( 200 '/.} 01 034 0030 r ins* .10 acre '9. lung tissue cf a guinea pig infected with attenuated tuoarcl* buc.IIi wd immediately exposed to laylo dust by inhalation for 24 months, and xhen Kill3d. l'ho figure is a slightly signified photograph of the routlr.o hi.itologlo crocarstion of the lungs, including both lunga from apex to case. The cluster of dark foci of lrrsgular outline in the lower center (median lobe) and nt the right (laft caudal lobe) are foci of active spreading tuberculosis. The widely*dictributed minute dark foci ere merely lymphoid coll clusters and are unrelated tc she infection. The exteat of the tuberculous activity is aaen to he "xeesdirg-* >i -v -.^.I_ 11 , ' "i - Av,' 'ir 10, '..xr g tissue of a guinea pig infected -fixh atX3uuatod tubercle bacilli _.-.i . six ir. oloan cir for 2 months, chsa exposed for 12 r.ontha to Xaylo cuox by Ltiaiaxion, end killed* The dark zona, irregular in outline, in the left upper cundrant (right cephalic lobe) is an aroa cf acxive spreading tuberculosis, n -T.silsr but similar focu3 ie visible at the lower margin of the a ft cephalic Again, as in fig, 0, the extent of the tuberculous process is very atll. (1.5 X) ~iz. 11. Lung tissue of a guinea pig exposed to Xaylo du3t by inhaia:ior. for 3 xcrth.3. then infected v/ith attenuated tubercle utcilli jnd exposed to the duct for un additional 16 months, and killed. The numerous poorly--defined dark zones, irregular in outline, are all sites of active, spreading tuberculous disease, '.'he tuberculous involvement exhibited ir. this photograph is the most extensive noted in =ny animal killed during the experiment, The involvement is relatively slight in comparison with the progression rrhich occurs in animals closed to quarts dust under similar conditions; in fact, ell of the animals exposed to quarez duct would have died vrithiu IT months after infection because of almost complete loss of functioning pulmonary tissui. (1.5 /. 01 034 0031