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874 CHAPTER 44 1949 Guide ranted or when only rough comparisons are desired between several types, approximate unit costs are of value as time savers. Approximate installed prices of the various parts are shown in Tables 1, 2, and 3 and, as indicated, vary, with the size or capacity of the equip ment. The apparatus and items included in each group are stated in the footnotes beneath the tables. By use of these three tables it is possible to obtain a reasonable approximation of the cost of heating or air con ditioning a given space or building. In order to use the approximate values indicated in Tables I, 2 and 3, a rough estimate of the load is re quired. If time does not permit a determination of the load and if ex tremely- rough figures will suffice, Table 4 may be used as an indication of the price of various types of air conditioning applications. . Other, first costs, incurred because of the installation of the air condition ing or heating and ventilating system, include costs of electrical work, plumbing, miscellaneous piping, building alterations, cutting, patching, remodeling, or redecorating after installation, consulting engineer's fees, licenses, permits, etc. These vary so widely that no approximations are possible and each case must be considered alone. The length of the amortization period, to be used depends upon: the type and remaining life of the building or space .for which the system is to be used; the type of equipment to be employed as a part, of the system; the character of the business; and the lease or ownership conditions. For small shops in rented quarters on short term leases, a period of 5 years or Table 1. Typical Installed Costs of Heat Producing and Heat Distributing Systems Bxu . PER Hour ..(Millions).. So Ft *. EDR (Steam) Thousands Boiler Horse Power 0.8: 1.2 1.6 2.0 3,0 . 4.0 6.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 3.3 5.0 6:6 8.3 12.5 16.6 20.8 25.0 29.2 33.3 41.6 50.0 58.3 66.6 75.0 24 36 48 60 90 119 149 . 179 209 239 299 358 418 478 538 Cost in Dollars--per Million Btu per Hour**6 I Boilers Water Tube 2300 2000 1850 1600 1400 1250 1160 1100 1050 1000 970 930 900 860 2 34 Boilers Fire-Tube Hot Water System Forced Circula tion Direct Radiation System Steam 2100 1750 1570 1460 ' 1230 1100 980 920 880 850 8500 8200 , 8000 7800 7600 7500 7500 7500 7500 7500 . 7500 7500 7500 7500 7500 7850 7600 7350 7200 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 'Columns 1 and 2 include hand fired boiler erected, with shaking grates and standard trimmings. Column 1 includes brickwork and rotating soot blowers. Foundations and piping are not ineluded. t.' Columns 3 and 4 include direct radiation, piping, valves, specialties, and insulation. Boilers, condensate and circulating pumps, boiler connections, and all building construction or alterations are not included. . *> The approximate figures given above may vary as much as 30 per cent due to job conditions, labor rates, w.nH locality. These figures represent the selling prices of the individual items indicated above based on costs ' encountered in the year 1940. It is suggested that correction be made according to the particular locality for increases in labor and material costs since that year. Owning and Operating Costs 875 Table 2. Average Installed Costs of Forced Air Heating and Air Conditioning Apparatus CFM Supply Air (Thousands) 5 10 15 20 30 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 1 Air . Conditioning Equipment* 0.300 0.270 0.250 0.235 0.220 0.210 0.210 0.210 0.210 0.210 0.210 0.210 0.210 0.210 Cost per CFM--Dollars! 2 Heating and Ventilating Equipment6 0.210 0.180 0.155 0.140 0.120 0.110 0.110 0.110 0.110 0.110 0.110 0.110 0.110 0.110 34 Ducts Ducts Office Bldgs.* Specialty Stores* 0.340 0.330 0.325 0.320 0.310 0.305 0.295 0.290 0.280 0.250 0.249 0.247 0.245 0.240 0.235 0.230 * * Air conditioning equipment includes fans and drives, filters, heaters, spray dehumidifiers or cooling coils, automatic controls, apparatus casings and insulation, and recirculating pumps. * Heating and ventilating equipment includes fans anddrives, filters, heaters, automatic controls and ap paratus casings. ' Includes ducts, grilles, outlets, insulation where required and specialties. d The approximate figure given above may vary as much as 35 per cent due to job conditions, labor rates and locality. Figures are based on conventional systems. Building alterations, piping, plumbing and wiring are not included. These figures represent the selling prices of the individual items indicated above based on costs encountered in the year 1940. It is suggested that correction be made according to the particular locality for increases in labor ana material costs since that year. Table 3. Average Installed Costs of Refrigeration Systems, and Water Saving Devices Tons Refrig eration 25 50 75 100 150 200 250 300 400 500 1 Recipro cating (Water Cooling)* 147 132 125 120 115 113 110 . Cost--Dollars Per Ton* 2 34 Centrifugal (Water Cooling)* Recipro cating Direct Expansion6 Evapo rative Condsnsero 5' COOLINC Tower Stbel<i 106 ' - 47 86 40 77 35 72 32 47 137 68 30 45 124 44 115 42 107 40 97 38 93 36 6 'Cooung Tower * Wood* 40 38 36 35 33 31 29 * Columns 1 and 3 include compressors, evaporators, and water-cooled condensers; auxiliaries: electric motor, starter and drive; refrigeration piping, refrigerant and insulation of cooler and suction lines. Turbine driven centrifugal equipment may cost about 4 to 6 per cent more than motor driven, if condensing turbine and steam condenser, with supplementary .equipment, are used. b Column 3 includes same items as Column 2 except evaporator and auxiliaries'are omitted. * Column 4--These values are additive to Columns 1 and 3. . d Columns 5 and 6 include towers erected and a reasonable allowance for condenser water piping and pumps. * The approximate figures given above may vary as much as 25 per cent due to job conditions, labor rates and locality. Building alterations, supply water and plumbing connections, wiring, chilled water piping and pumps are not included in these figures and may vary widely. Chilled water piping and pump costs may vary between $10 and $50 per ton of refrigeration effect. _ These figures represent the selling prices of the individual items indicated above based on costs encountered in the year 1940. It is suggested that correction be made according to the particular locality for increases in labor and material costs since that year.