Document aB0p8ONXJv36xQbQGNDE5o6R

- - -^"ASBSSTQg WORKSHOP IN REVIEW JULY 16-20. 1977 NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS ATTACHMENT 1 Page 1 of 2 ' .,U'i 5 The \;orksbop was organized to discuss a definition of asbestos and suitable measurement methodB for regulating against asbestos health hazards, prior to the issuance of a standard. Four hundred persons from the mining industry, asbestos manufacturing, U.S. and Canadian health agencies, and medioal and research facilities attended the workshop. . The National Bureau of Standards concluded in May from analysis of 80 industrial Bamplos that OSHA's present techniques for analyzing for asbestos in industrial ' talc is useful only for determining fiber content and not asbestos content. This and other unresolved issues were discussed at the workshop. Divergence of opinion was expressed in two camps; U.S. Government Agencies and Medical represent atives v.s. Industry and the U.S. Geological Survey. The Bureau will consider theBe viewpoints in making its final report to OSEA. ' Significant segments of the proceedings inolude the followings Mearl Stanton. National Cancer Institute Cancer-causing danger of fibrous materials is related to fiber dimension. Greatest carcinogenicity came from fibers with dimensions that were equal to or less than .25 M- ty more than 8 ja^. Smaller fibers were controlled by phagocytes# in the body. Knowledge on why long fibers are carcinogenic is presently inadequate. Continued effort must be done on inhalation studies to allow extrapolation to human experience in understanding the effects of asbestos. 011437 Paul Kotin. Johna-Manvills Corporation. Denver Exposure to Asbestos under the present standard level does not result inevitably in lung canoer, mesothelioma or asbestosis. There is no such thing as a single threshold for a carcinogen but a series of thres holds can be identified. Nothing rules out a dose-response relationship for asbestos. William Nicholson. Arthur Langer. Mt. Sinai/Hosoital- N.Y. . Thresholds exceed present scientific capability. Excesses of lung cancer and mesothelioma from mortality studies were cited from job related asbestos exposure. In one study spouses, children and other family members of workers in an amosite asbestos factory were studied for asbestos related disease. Out of 626 persons, approximately one-third were found to have abnormal lung i-rays. * phagocyte - white blood corpuscles that ingest and destroys organisms or particulates that result in disease. ' PRODUCED BY FORD SCF-ALLF-06500 Asbestos Workshop in Review attachment 2 Page 2 of 2 Malcolm Ross, U.S. Geological Survey According to the present OSHA definition for asbestos, rocks from Mains to Ceorgia could be viewed as containing asbestos and be considered unsuita ble for quarrying for crushed stone. Evidence is lacking on any environ mental health threat from such operations. Canadian mining studies with higher concentrations of chryeotile asbestos indicate no adverse health effects. The 1976 NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) can be criticized on the basis there is no safe level of exposure to asbestos and questions the safety of the crust of the earth. Paul Gross, Medical University of S. Carolina Animal studies which have produced tumors by inhalation have not been cited. The conference concluded with presentations on the advantages and limitations of available analytical methods and counting techniques for detection and measurement of the workplace contaminants. Studies have been done using x-ray diffraction, . (TIM) transmission electron microscopy, thermo-analysis, phase contrast and optical microscopy. . Proceedings will be published and sent to all those who attended. Addtion&l oopies may be ordered through the National Bureau of Standards. 071438 C. B. Zelek . Vehicle Materials Engineering August, 1977 PRODUCED BY FORD ATTACHMENT 2 Page 1 of 2 Countries Sweden Norway Holland Japan Brazil Foreign Positions ' Presented at International Asbestos Association Meeting Internal Report from the Executive Committee April 13-15, 1977 London, England Present Proposed Additional 1 Fiber/cc ,5 Fiber/cc . 8 cases of mesothelioma among ky jan i 19*78 insulation mechanics. 2 Fiber/cc See additional Cases in Sweden used as basis for Judgement Asbestos substitutes to be instituted Blue Asbestos (Crocidolite) to be banned Brake linings to be pre-fabri cated. No grinding or drilling to be permitted. Employment of smokers to be prohibited. Smoking prohibited in Asbestos areas 5 Fiber/cc No standard 2 Fiber/cc Regulation under discussion since 1575 Selective prohibition effeo-r tive in one year . Advisory committee being established. . . Not expected to go to ,5 fibcr/cc. . No standard forseen for 5-6 years. . Vokers subjected to a "polluted environment" earn a 20% pay . increase. 0AAA39 PRODUCED BY FORD Vehicle Materials Engineering May, 1977 ATTACHMENT 2 Page 2 of 2 Conntriss Belgium Present Proposed France 2 Fiber/cc 2 Fiber/cc U. K 2 Fiber/cc -goal progress to wards objectives Additional April 1st TV Show Interviews conducted with a balanced segment of industry Working group set-up to study Asbestos Trade Union FGTB recommends 0,1 std on all types of Asbestos Present indication 2 Fiber/cc std, will be used in the future. Meetings to be held British Trade Union Congress has called for the eventual ban of asbestos and for substitutes to undergo scrutiny British workers are "put off" by the Trad9 Union moves. Advanced committee on Asbestos January statement-further research is needed before recommendations can be made. Canada 2 Fiber/cc In the process of tightening Asbestos stds. Observing U.S. Reaction 1 011448 Vehicle Materials Engineering May 1977 PRODUCED BY FORD EELSEY-mYES Brake Pads ' Linings & Cruas . ASBESTOS SUPPLIES POSITIONS COMPLIANCE TO STANDARDS lAUtiMiJU J 011441 ?/ W s/ *S HO YES Bonding instead of riveting _.Eliminate Grinding-Molded approach being considered '.Industrial Hygiene Measures No immediate plans for automation , .$300,000 to comply plus $110,000 annually THI0K01 Front Disc Pads Rear Dlac Pads YES HO a- Procees change from compression to injection . molding-$1.2 million inveetment-would require requalification Non-asbestos substitute presently available-one . year lead time for vehicle teatlng required RAYB5ST0S Clutch Facings YES HO NO Industrial Hygiene measures to approach 1 fiber/oc Alternative Raw Materials being conaideredglass, mineral wool, combination of fiber All RStD focused on non-asbestos products ALMA Clutch disc asa'y frlotlon facings YES HO YES -.All personnel wearing head hood filtera 1002 of the time GENERAL INDUSTRIES Washers NO HO HO Will cease operations if forced tc accept etandards DICKTEH and MASCH Reactor YES NO HO Will stop manufacture of asbestos produots if ' forced to accept standard H. K. PORTER THSRMOID DIV. Clutch Disc Shoe Lining Aes'y-Front and Rear BEND DC Shoe + Lining YES HO YES YES NO YES Fall 76 presentation on non-asbestoa clutch facings to Ford-negative response-coat equivalent Ability to coat facings to reduce fiber/cc level at no extra cost Standard of .1 will prohibit asbestos usage Brake substitutes increase weight and coBt-one year lead time .1.3 million to meet 1 Fiber/ce limit .5.5 million and 1-3 yrs to neat .$ fiber limit .Impossible to meet .1 level .Semi-metallic disc brakes asbestos-free backing to be completed tv fall cost increment 1.2-1.6 x weight increment 1.8 1 fiberglass linings on drum-good in lab, not so good on road Critical issue-no product for drum brakes-19'30-Ol model pear projection Vet sanding & grinding could be instituted AKVIN Muffler Wrap YES HO YES Catalytic Converter Seal J0HK5-MAHVILLE Raw Material Asbestos Fiber HO HO HO .Compliance to .5 fiber/ce level thru elimination of asbestos in the muffler wrap assembly .Planned change to fiberglass by 1978 Ho present alternate for Converter Seal .In almoat all operations 5 flbsr/cc .By January 1979 2 Fiber/oc in all but 30 stations Guidelines in effect in Quebec not as sevore as U.S Studies indicate 2 fiber/ce to be a eafe level a/ compliance to present 2 fiber/cc std. fe/ present cccollance to proposed .5 fiber/oc std. -/ .u> n - *- -- *.-......................... PRODUCED BY FORD VEHICLE MATERIALS EM3INEERING JUNE, 1977 '