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American Water Works Association ANSI/AWWA C400-80 (Revision of AWWA C400-77) AWWA STANDARD for ASBESTOS-CEMENT DISTRIBUTION PIPE, 4 IN. THROUGH 16 IN. (100 mm THROUGH 400 mm) NPS, FOR WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS StICAN NATIONAL] STANDARDHV Ftrst edition approved h\- .4 WW.A Board of Directors \1av 15. 1953. This edition approved Jim 15. 1980. Approx ed h\ American \anonai Standards Institute hu . Feh /9. !98i. Addendum C400a~83 approsed h i J H H'A Board of Directors Jan. 30. 1983 Addendum appros ed h \ -J \SI \ow II. 1983. C houses specified h\ the addendum are im orporated into Sei 5 5 4 of this standard AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION 6666 West Quincy Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80235 CTD031578 Committee Personnel The Standards Committee on Asbestos-Cement Pressure Pipe that rev iewed and approved this standard had the following personnel at the time of approval: R S Bra \\r. Chairman J. L. Warden. Vice-Chairman T. R. Gu lex. Secretary Consumer Members S. C. Baker, Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Alexandria. VA Gi.enwood Bretz.* Civil Engineer, Port Hueneme. CA R. S. Bra axi,* Department of Water & Power, Los Angeles, CA F. G. Dexxox, Works & Operations Department, Winnipeg, Manitoba Roger Gr vee. City of San Diego, San Diego, CA J. E. Johnson,* U.S. Water & Power Resources Services, Denver, CO W. J. Keller,* Water Department, Rapid City, SD R. A. March vnd. Water Department, Warren, OH J, L. Warden. U.S. Water & Power Resources Services, Denver, CO (NAVFAC) (NAVFAC) (ASCE) (A WWA) (AWWA) (USWPRS) (AWWA) (AWWA) ) (USWPRS) General Interest Members G. C. Anderson. Insurance Services Office, New York, NY R. A Barrows. C. E. Maguire, Inc., Waltham, MA V. R. Bickel, Department of Environmental Health, Albuquerque. NM S L Bishop,* Metcalf & Eddy, Boston, MA T J. Brown. Jr.. Factory Mutual Research Corp., Norwood, MA C W. Ci inf..* Thompson & Litton, Inc., Norton, VA L J Dosedi o. Underwriters Lab, Northbrook, IL C. L. Frick.* Insurance Services Office, Atlanta. GA R S. Holmgren. Jr., James M. Montgomery, Pasadena, CA L. L. Liles. W. M. Lvles Co . Visalia, CA F -V Oberl. Metcalf & Eddy, Boston, MA M R Sichomei.* Underwriters Laboratories. Northbrook, IL W. Taggari. Wright-McLaughlin Engineering, Denver, CO J. R Wu i.iAvix. McLean, VA (ISO) (NEWWA) (APWA) (NEWWA) (FMR) (AWWA) (UL) (ISO) (AWWA) (AWWA) (WPCF) (UL) (ASCE) (AWWA) AUernate cCop\nghi 19^0 by American Wjier Works Association Printed in L'S n CTD031579 Foreword I hn h>rcu ,,rj r> /nr tn/nnnation unii and f.x not a part of A 4 W C400 I History of Standard -X new pipe material consisting of an intimate mixture of portland cement and asbestos fibers was introduced to the North American market in 1931 following se\ eral v ears of satisfactory usage in other countries, particularly Italy. In the ensuing years this type of pipe gained popularity, and in 1949 AWWA established a committee on standard speci fications for asbestos-cement pipe under the chairmanship of S. M. Clark of Greeley and Hansen. Chicago. The committee developed a standard for asbestos-cement water pipe, which was approved by the AWWA Board of Directors as a tentative standard, AWWA C400-53T. May 15. 1953. In 1958 the committee was reactivated as Committee 8340D on Asbestos-Cement Pipe under the chairmanship of Roy H. Ritter of Whitman. Requardt and Associates. Baltimore, to review several suggested changes and to recommend revisions to the standard. The committee produced a revised tentative standard adopted bv AWWA as C400-64T Jan. 27.1964, which was advanced to standard without revision Jul. 2. 1965. In 1968 the committee was reactivated as the Standards Committee on Asbes tos-Cement Pipe to review and revise all AWWA standards on asbestos-cement pipe. The committee produced a revised standard approved by the Board of Di rectors Jan. 31. 1972 designated as AWWA C400-72. "Asbestos-Cement Pres sure Pipe for Water and Other Liquids." In 1972 and 1973 the committee was reorganized and enlarged to include rep resentation of national organizations hav ing an interest in the scope of the commit tee and wishing to participate in the work. The reorganized committee reaffirmed C400-72 without revision so that it could be presented to the American National Standards Institute for designation as an American National Standard. In 1975 the committee produced a revised standard approved by the AWWA Board of Directors Jan. 26, 1975 desig nated as AWWA C400-75. "AsbestosCement Pressure Pipe. 4 in. Through 24 in., for Waterand Other LiquidsJ'At that same time a new standard was produced by the committee and approved by the AWWA Board of Directors and desig nated as AWWA C402-75. "AsbestosCement Transmission Pipe. 18 in. Through 42 in., for Water and Other Liquids." The possibility of confusion between the two standards (C400 and C402) was carefully reviewed by the committee. The result was C400-77, which reduced the sizes covered from 4 in. through 24 in. to 4 in. through 16 in., eliminatingany overlap between the standards. In 1979 the committee again revised this standard to make reference to ASTM C500-77, "Testing Asbestos-Cement Pipe." and to include dimensional require ments for fittings in the Appendix. II Information Regarding Use of This Standard I LA General. When ordering pipe covered by this standard, local installation and operating conditions should be con sidered to determine the class and type of pipe to specify. Also, certain other items must be specified to describe completely the pipe required. According to the conditions of installa tion and operation in many water distri bution systems, the pipe may be used at operating pressures equal to the class \ i I ORTWORD designations. The purchaser should de termine for himself from AWWA C40I. "Standard Practice for the Selection of Asbestos-Cement Distribution Pipe. 4 in. Through 16 in., for Water and Other Liquids." the proper class of pipe to be used under the installation and operating conditions that will exist for the project on which the pipe is to be used. The purchaser is referred to AWWA C603. "Installation of Asbestos-Cement Pressure Pipe." for guidance in laying of the pipe. ll.B Flexural load test. The flexural load tests for pipe sizes. 4.6. and 8 in. (Sec. 2.2.1 and 5.2.3) are intended only for use as a quality control test; not a simulated service test. Asbestos-cement pipe will not be subjected to flexural stresses if properly installed with satisfactory bed ding methods. For diameters 10 in. and larger, the wall thickness increases to a point at which the flexural strength is not a controlling factor, and hence, routine testing is not required. II.C Type of pipe. The following criteria are presented for determining the type of pipe to be used under \arious soil and water conditions. Each condition should be considered separately even though each may exist in combination with others. These criteria are based on exposures within the temperature range of 40-80 F (5-28C). For exposure of pipe to temperatures beyond these limits, consult the manufacturer. The following criteria are referenced as 1. Internal water (Table F. I). 2. External water (Table F.2). 3. Nonacid soluble sulfates--internal and external (Table F.3). 4. Acid soluble sulfates --internal and external, 11.C I Internal water. Aggressive ness of water transported through asbestos-cement pipe is related to the t> pe of designation of asbestos-cement pipe TABLE F.l Asbestos Cement Pipe Type Recomtveviled for Internal Water Aggressreenrss Inter nal Water AEcre>ji\enes> Highly aggressive Moderiiely aggressive Nonaggressive Recommended Pu r T\ pc* i t 11 1 ,md 11 Type I--no limit on uncomb: net! calcium hytiroNide T\pe II--per cent or le uncomhincd calcium hydroxide. t The serv:ceahihc\ of pipe for such application* should be established bv the purchaser in conjunction with the manufacturer. TABLE F.2 Aggressiveness of Sonsulfale Acu ir Soils lo Asbestos-Cement Pipe Water Conditions Within the Soil Environment Minimum pH of Acidic Soils When Using AsbestosCement Pipe Essentially quiescent Mildly fluctuating Rapidly moving or grossly cyclic Type I 5.0 5.5 6.3 Type 11 4.0 50 5.5 TABLE F.3 Asbestos-Cement Pipe Tvpe Designation Chemical Resistance lo A'ona cid (pH = 7 0) Soluble Sulfates in If'ater and Soils _ '11 Designation 1" 11 Chemical Resistance to N'onatid Soluble Sulfates in Water and Soils Will be marked to various degree b\ all but the non- aggrev ive level* of sulfdt'c concentration* i i water?. and -oi iKcM-iant to all leveU ol soluble sulfates TIi? guideline emend m; ulfaic re-i'lance o: T>; e I lile w crtMa*e". : i tin- f '.>urrir Xt h edf : m Bureau o'. ke'dam.t: mn 1974 Sulnee tendance her* at-1 'lie** t-U ill! snltr,;- -ul'.O'-' regard <> the Ca'i'T CTD031581 IOR1 W OKI) suitable for such use in Table F. I. Aggres siveness of water is defined as follows. a. Highlv aggressi\e: pH +"log~{AH) < 10.0 b. Moderatelv aggressive: pH -t- log (A H) - 10.0 I 1.9 c Nonaggressiv e. pH -`log [AH) >12 0 w here pH = Index of aciditx (or aikaimitx) of the water--standard pH units. A = Total alkalinity--ppm (mg L) as CaCO-.. H - Calcium hardness --ppm (mg L) as CaCO.. It should be recognized that water that has a pH + log (AH) less than or equal to 10 is an extremely aggressive water and would be very corrosive to almost all materials found in a ty pical water sy stem, including the plumbing in consumers' homes. Such waters should be treated to increase pH or hardness to protect the entire network of materials making up the system. If such water treatment is not undertaken, the manu facturer of each item used in the water system should be consulted for recom mendations regarding the use of his product in an extremely corrosive env ironment. Non: The expression pH + log ( A H) is a modification of the Langelier Index It has been prepared so that the aggressive ness of the w ater can be determined easily. A reasonable comparison of the two would be as indicated below. Highh jiiurosue wjicr Moderated aeiircxx;\c u a1ci \orut:grtxM\e uater pH - lap 1 Mh <10 I) 10 0 114 > i: o i jntddicr Indcv < :o : (i to o i II.C.2 External waiet Aggressive ness of external water (water within the soil environment) is related to asbestos cement pipe in Table F.2. The guidelines for the use of asbestos-cement pipe in nonsulfate acidic soils are based upon minimum pH factors alone. Asbestos cement pipe may or may not perform satisfactorily in acidic soil environments that have pH values below those listed in Table F.2. To determine the suitability of asbestos-cement pipe in soils hav me lower pH values, each situation should be evaluated individually and take into con sideration all aspects of soil environment that affect asbestos-cement pipe cor rosiveness. I1.C.3 \onatkl soluble sulfates internal and external. Aggressiv eness of nonacid (pH>7.0) soluble sulfates in water and soils is related to the ty pe designation of asbestos -cement pipe suitable for such use in Table FA. Sulfate aggressiv eness in water and soil can be classified as indicated in Table F.4. II.C 4 At id soluble sulfates internal and external. Aggressiveness ol acid (pH<7 ()) soluble sulfale waters and soils to asbestos cement pipe must be evaluated independently Acid sulfate soils and waters, whether the acid is inorganic or organic, must be evaluated independently of the criteria and guidelines set forth in Sec. II.C.2 and II.C 3 and must take into consideration soil permeability and other factors. Con sult the manufacturer for guidance II.D Supplementary specifications The following information summarizes the conditions and items that the purchaser should consider when preparing his sup plementary specifications The section in the standard where thev can be found is also lisled. I The standaid used, that is. AW W.A C400 2. Aflidav it ot compliance, it required (Sec. 1.3), 3. Tvpe ol pipe to be furnished tSec 2 3 and Foiew ord 11 C). CTD031582 FOREWORD TABLE F.4 Sullale Aggressiveness in H'aier and Sod Sullaie Aggressiveness Classification Water ater Soluble Sulfates t'l'in SO. l1______________________ 1 \\ jtcr Soluble Neutral SullatC' ^O. Nonaggressivc Mildlv aggressive Moderatelv aggressive Highlv aggressive 150 and less 150 1500 1500 10.000 10.000 and greater 1000 and less 1000 2000 2000 20.000 20.000 and greater TABLE F.5 Afeiric Conversion Failure 1 n ( on vert from L S CuMnmarv t ruts Inches (in ) X 25.40 X 2.54 X 0.0254 Keet (fi) X 504 8 X 50 4X X 0..1048 Pounds (lb) X 0 45.^6 Pounds per square inch (psi) X 6.9 Pounds per linear toot (!b lin ft) X 1 48b to Metric l mis = Milhmetres (mm) = Centimetres (cm) = Metres (m) r Millimetres (mm) = Centimetres (cm) r Metres (m) = Kilograms (kg) = Kilopascals (kPa) = Kilograms per metre (kg ml 4 Class of pipe (Sec. 3 I). 5. Nominal inside diameier(See. 3.2). 6. Lineal feet to be furnished in stan dard and random lengths (Sec. 3.3) 7. Number, size. type, class, lengths, and extent of machining of special short lengths (Sec. 3.3.3). 8. Whether inspection bv the pur chaser (Sec. 5.1) and special mark ing (Sec. 6.1 4) are required. Ill Major Revisions Major changes to the 1977 standard that were made in this revision are I. Soft metric equivalents have been included 2. Explanations of the test methods for h>drostatic. flexural and crush ing requirements ha\e been deleted and references ha\e been made to ASTM C500. "Testing AsbestosCement Pipe." 3 A dimensional table of fittings for use with asbestos cement pressure pipe has been added as Appendix A IV Metrication The tables in this standard are stated in both IS customarv units and metric equivalents Throughout the bods ol the standard, metric equis a lent s (rounded oil I are set in parentheses next to the ctistomarv units Meiric conversion laciors are listed in Table F 5 CTD031583 American Water Works Association AWWA C400-80 (Revision of AWWA C400-77) AWWA Standard for Asbestos-Cement Distribution Pipe, 4 in. Through 16 in. (100 mm Through 400 mm) NPS, for Water and Other Liquids Section 1--General Sec. 1.1 Scope Sec. 1.2 Definitions This standard covers three pressure classes of Type I and Type II asbestoscement pipe. 4-16 in. (100 mm to 400 mm) in diameter for water and other liquids intended to be laid underground in public and private rights-of-way. I l l L se. Asbestos-cement distri bution pipe is to be used in pipe systems having relatively unpredictable flows and many appurtenances that do not permit reasonable hydraulic analyses, including that for surge pressure. 1.1.2 Pressure classes The pressure class designations of class 100. class 150. and class 200 are the same as those used in AWWA C40I (formerly AWWA H2). "Standard Practice for the Selection of Asbestos-Cement Distribution Pipe. 4 in. Through 16 in. for Water and Other Liquids." The following definitions shall apply in this standard. 1.2.1 Inspection. Inspection of the pipe and the tests by the inspector. 1.2.2 Inspector. The authorized rep resentative of the purchaser, entrusted with the duty of inspecting pipe produced and tests performed under this standard. 1.2.3 Lot. A lot as used herein is defined as all pipe of any one class, type, and size manufactured on any one machine in 24 hr but not to exceed 200 lengths. 1.2.4. Manufacturer. The person, firm, or corporation that manufactures the pipe. 1.2.5 Operating pressure. The max imum hydrostatic pressure to which the pipe will be subjected in normal operation after installation, exclusive of allowance for water hammer. i CTD031584 2 AWW A C400-80 1.2.6 Purchaser. The person, firm, corporation, or government agency enter ing into a contract or agreement to pur chase pipe according to the provisions of this standard. Sec. 1.3 Affidavit of Compliance Whether factory inspection has been required or not, the purchaser's supple mental specifications may require an affi davit of compliance from the manufac turer that the material furnished under the purchaser's order comply with all appli cable requirements of this standard. Sec. 1.4 References This standard references the following documents. They form a part of this standard to the extent specified herein. In any case of conflict, the requirements of this standard shall prevail. AWWA C40I, "Standard Practice for the Selection of Asbestos-Cement Distribution Pipe, 4 in. Through 16 in., for Water and Other Liquids." ASTM* C500, "Testing AsbestosCement Pipe." ASTM DI869, "Specification for Rub ber Rings for Asbestos-Cement Pipe." American Socle!) for Testing and Materials 1916 Race St Philadelphia. PA 19103 Section 2--Materials Sec. 2.1 Composition Sec. 2.2 Physical Requirements Asbestos-cement pipe shall be com posed of an intimate mixture of either (1) Portland cement or portland blast furnace slag cement and asbestos fiber with or without silica, or (2) portland pozzolana cement and asbestos fiber. Both (I) and (2) can be with or without the addition of curing agents. The pipe shall be formed under pressure and cured. The finished pipe shall be free from organic materials. 2.2.1 Flexural strength. Each length of pipe 10 ft (3 m) or longer for pipe sizes 8 in. (200 mm) and less shall have the minimum flexural strength prescribed in Table I when tested in accordance with the Flexural Test Proof Method as re quired in the latest edition of ASTM C500, "Testing Asbestos-Cement Pipe." 2.2.2 Bursting strength. Each length of pipe and each coupling sleeve shall Nominal Diameter m (mm) 4 (100) 6 (150) 8 (200) TABLE 1 Flexural Test Loads Total Applied Load--lb (/V) T Ciass 100 Clas 150 lb (A0 lb (V) 1200 2800 5330 ( 5340) (12.500) (23,700) 1470 ( 6540) 3700 (16,500) 7600 (33.800) ________ Class 200 lb (V) 1870 ( 8300) 4900 (21,800) 10.130 (45,100) CTD031585 TABLE 2 Deugn In te rn a l Pressure and Design (External Load* A-C DISTRIBUTION PIPE 2ra-c 22!75* /^S**. 2C 5-sJcSv, ( v.cC, Isf,c1r/1'-r-'-er'-rs-r-&JX> _*X/> (X^S (XN rX ('XCN NX II 5! 0> j c rcsi --- (-Nc ^ r- r- x -- -- -- -- Tf 8n |C C C N fcr. v-i w"> r- r x 9^ 4= I sss --C OrC*J\ r<i> vCoi Xvi. vCO. T>-C/-, >y. "C c- i ^ ^ 5 ^ ^ 5 tt tTt ?*r Orr' ?T yc y5. - - (N IN i ) CTD031586 4 UV WA C400-80 have sufficient strength to withstand the design internal pressure indicated for its class in Table 2 when subjected to the hydrostatic test procedure specified in this standard. 2.2.3 Crushing strength. Each length of pipe shall have sufficient strength to support the design external load indicated lor its class in Table 2 when subjected to the crushing test procedure specified in this standard. Sec. 2.3 Chemical Requirements Pipe shall be designated as either Type I or Type II according to its content of uncombined calcium hydroxide as de termined by the test procedures in this standard for uncombined calcium hydrox ide. The requirements for each pipe are: Type /---no limit on uncombined calcium hydroxide. Type //-- I percent or less uncombined calcium hvdroxide. Section 3--Design Sec. 3.1 Pipe Classes Pipe supplied under this standard shall be made in one or more of the following classes: 100. 150. or 200. Sec. 3.2 Pipe Diameters Pipe shall be made with nominal inside diameters of 4. 6. 8. 10. 12. 14 and 16 in. (100. 150. 200.250. 300. 350 and 400 mm. respectively). The average inside diameter of a standard or random pipe length shall not be less than the nominal diameter by more than 5 percent. Sec. 3.3 Pipe Lengths Pipe shall be produced in standard, random, and short lengths. At least 90 percent of the total footage (linear metres) of pipe of any class, ty pe. size, excluding short lengths, shall be furnished in stan dard lengths. The remaining 10 percent may be in random lengths. 3 3.1 Standard lengths. Pipe is cus tomarily furnished in standard lengths of 10 ft (3 m) or 13 ft (4 m) in 4. 6. and 8 in. (100. 150. and 200 mm. respectively) sizes, unless otherwise agreed upon at time of purchase. Sizes 10 in. (250 mm) and greater are customarily supplied in 13 ft 14 m) lengths, unless otherwise agreed upon at time of purchase. A maximum of 10 percent of each pipe size may be furnished in random lengths of not less than 7 ft (2 m). Short lengths for making connections to valves, fittings, or structures and for making closures shall be furnished as specified by the purchaser. Sec. 3.4 Couplings A coupling shall consist of an asbestoscement sleeve of the same type and class as the pipe and two rubber rings or a device that has equal or better jointing character istics. strength, and serviceability as that of an asbestos-cement coupling. The man ufacturer shall submit specifications and drawings of alternate couplings to the purchaser for approval prior to man ufacturing. 3.4.1 Amountfurnished. Onecoupling of the same size and class as the pipe shall be furnished with each standard and random length of pipe. 3.4.2 Rubber rings. Rubber rings shall conform to the requirements of the latest edition of ASTY1 DI869. "Specifi cation for Rubber Rings for AsbestosCement Pipe." 3.4.3 Coupling areas. Coupling areas \-t DIX I R I HI. I ION PIPE 5 tor all lengths of pipe shall be properly machined at ends or over their entire length to serve their intended purpose, as specified by the purchaser. less than the manufacturer's standard by the tolerance listed in Table 3. Sec. 3.5 Joints Joints shall be capable of withstanding, without leakage, a hydrostatic pressure test as defined in Sec. 5.2.2.1. Sec. 3.6 Wall Thickness The wall thickness of the machined portion of any length of pipe shall not be TABLE 3 Wall Thickness Tolerance Somirui Pipe Si/e i/i [nun) 4-12 (100-400) 14 16 (450-400) Wall rhickncsv Tolerance in (nun) 0 06 (-151 0 12 (4 0) Section 4--Workmanship and Finish Sec. 4.1 Imperfections 4.1.1 Interior surfaces. The inside ^ surface of each length of pipe shall be free from bulges, dents, and tears that could result in a variation in diameter of more than 0.20 in. (5 mm) from the diameter of adjacent unaffected portions of the surface. 4.1 2 Exterior surfaces. Flaking on the exterior surface and edge of machined ends shall not extend back by more than 0.500 in. (13 mm) from the end. have a depth of more than 0.125 in. (3 mm) or extend around the perimeter for more than 0.500 in. (13 mm) at any one location. 4.1.3 Straightness. Each length of pipe shall not vary in straightness by more than 0.05 in. ft (4 mm m) of length when the variation is measured as follows: Measure the maximum ordinate from the exterior surface of the pipe by placing a straightedge or line that exceeds the pipe length against the exterior surface and measure the maximum distance from the exterior pipe to the straightedge or line. Section 5--Inspection, Testing, and Rejection Sec. 5.1 Inspection 5 1.1 General. Inspection by the purchaser shall not relieve the manu facturer of the responsibility to furnish material conforming in all aspects to the requirements of this standard. 5.1.2 \otijiiation. 11 inspection is specified by the purchaser under para graph 5.1.4. the manufacturer shall notify the purchaser in advance of the date. time. and place of testing of the pipe so that the purchaser may be represented at the test. 5 1.3 Access. The inspector shall have free access to those parts of the manufacturer's plant that are involved in work performed under this standard. The manufacturer shall afford him. without charge, all reasonable facilities for de termining whether the pipe meets the requirements of this standard. CTD031588 \\V WA C400-SI) 5.1.4 Testing. If inspection is specitic'd by the purchaser. he mat. at his option, witness any or all test phases. The pipe to be tested shall ha\e passed the routine inspection and testing of this specification. The number of tests to be conducted lor flexural strength (4. 6. and X in., or 100. 150. and 200 mm re spectively). hydrostatic proof (jf times class), and. when required, crushing strength shall be limited to I per each 300 standard lengths of each size. type, and class of pipe on the order. If uncombined calcium hydroxide tests are required, the number of tests will be one for each size, type, and class of pipe on the order. The purchaser or his authorized inspector may select the pipe to be tested. Retesting and rejection stipulations as shown in Sec. 5.3 shall apply. Sec. 5.2 Physical Test Requirements 5.2.1 Test specimens. All pipe and couplings tested under this standard shall be in a normal air-dried condition when tested. 5.2.2 Hu/rostatic tests. 5.2.2.1 Each standard, random, or short length of pipe and each coupling sleeve shall be tested under an internal hydrostatic pressure as shown for the proof test in Table 4 in accordance with hydrostatic proof test requirements of the latest edition of ASTM C500. "Testing Asbestos-Cement Pipe." Any pipe length orcoupling sleeve showing leakage, sweat ing. or other defects shall be rejected. TABLE 4 H i. Jrostanc Tests (. law 100 150 200 Pronl1 1`eM' /'>' U Pa) 150 12400) 5:5 1.16001 '00 (4KOO) 1 J( ldf.lt ik Pa) 400 600 soo C.X00) 14100) (5500) E'.dfx icn^tn per parj^raph 5 2 2 1 tOnc per !<i per paragraph 5 2 2 2 5.2.2.2 From each lot that has passed the hydrostatic proof test, one standard length shall be hydrostatically tested to the lot test in Table 4 for that class in the manner specified in paragraph 5.2.2.1. Each length of the pipe so tested shall be retested in the manner and at the pressure specified in paragraph 5.2.2.1. 5.2.3 Flexure tests. Each standard length of pipe and each random length of more than 9.5 ft (2.8 ml having a nominal diameter of 4. 6. or 8 in.. (100. 150. and 200 mm respectively), shall be tested in flexure in accordance with the latest edi tion of ASTM C500. "Testing AsbestosCement Pipe." Each pipe so tested shall support, without evidence of cracks or other defects, the applicable total load shown in Table I. 5.2.4 Crushing tests. On lots con taining more than 100 lengths of each size and class, one length from each 300 lengths or fraction thereof, shall be tested for crushing strength. If inspection by the purchaser has been specified, the length of pipe to be tested may be selected by the inspector. From each selected length, one unmachined section of pipe I ft (300 mm) long shall be cut. This section shall be tested for crushing strength in accordance with the three edge bearing. V-block method of the latest edition of ASTM C500. "Testing Asbestos-Cement Pipe." The test section shall not fail until the total load applied meets or exceeds the applicable value shown in Table 2. 5.2.5 Machines for testing. 5.2.5.1 The machine used for the hydro static test shall have gaskets that seal the ends of the pipe, coupling, or pipe and coupling with factory assembled joint, but exert no end pressure. Couplings may be hydrostatically tested with a rubber blad der inside the couplings, and if so tested, each coupling shall have sufficient strength to withstand a test pressure of four times the class of the coupling. 5.2.5.2 The machines used for the ") CTD031589 \-( DIM RIBl I IO\ I'l IT flexure and crushing test shall be sub-lantial and rigid throughout so that the distribution ol the load shall not be appreciably affected by the deformation or vielding of any part of the machine. Sec. 5.3 Retests (Physical) and Rejection 5 .1 I Crushing strength. The failure of any specimen tested for crushing strength to support 75 percent of the crushing load required in Table 2 shall be cause lor rejection of that portion of the lot of that size. type, and class manu factured during the same shift as the test specimen. If any specimen tested for crushing strength supports more than 75 percent but less than 100 percent of the crushing load, then two additional pipe sections of the same size. type, and class manufactured during the same shift shall be subjected to the same crushing test. The additional lengths may be selected by the inspector if inspection by the purchaser has been specified. The failure of one of these additional specimens to meet the full crushing strength requirement shall be cause for rejection of that portion of the lot of that size, type, and class manu factured during the same shift as the test specimen, 5.5.2 Hydrostatic tests. If any pipe subjected to the h\drostatic tests specified in Sec. 5 2.2.2 tails to withstand the specified pressure, then two additional lengths of the same size and class manu factured during the same shift shall be subjected to the same hydrostatic test. The failure of one of these additional lengths to withstand the specified pressure shall be cause for rejection of that portion of the lot of that size. type, and class manu factured during the same shift as the test lengths. Sec. 5.4 Test for Uncombined Cal cium Hydroxide The manufacturer shall perform this test as often as necessary to ensure com pliance with the requirements for un combined calcium hydroxide in Type II pipe when tested in accordance with the latest edition of ASTM C500. "Testing Asbestos-Cement Pipe." Sec. 5.5 Test Records The results of all tests shall be recorded and retained for one year, aod shall be available to the purchaser at the place of manufacture. Section 6--Marking and Delivery Sec. 6.1 Marking All Standard and random lengths. Each standard or random length of pipe shall be clearly marked on the outside surface with the trade name, nominal inside diameter, class, type, hydrostatic test pressure, and date and shift of manutacture. 6.12 Short lengths. Each short length of pipe shall be clearly marked on the outside surface with the nominal inside diameter, class, type, and the letter "T" to indicate that it has been hydrostatically tested. 6.1.5 Couplings. All component parts of each coupling shall be clearly marked for use with the pipe for which they are intended. Each coupling sleeve shall also be marked with the letter "T" to indicate that it has been hydrostatically tested. 6 1.4 Speaal markings. If factory CTD031590 \WWA C400-80 inspection is made b> the purchaser or his authorized inspector, then each pipe and each couplingsleeve shall receive an addi tional special marking of no more than three letters, as specified b\ the purchaser. Sec. 6.2 Preparation for Shipment All pipe and couplings, unless otherwise specified, shall be prepared for standard commercial shipment. Appendix A Dimensional Table of Fittings Ends Designed for Use With Asbestos-Cement Pressure Pipe This append! x is for information on!i ami is /un a part of A M-.4 C400 In the figures and tables on the follow ing page, the dimensions shown are for fittings to be used with asbestos-cement pipe having the end dimensions in Table AI Dimensions for fittings for use with other asbestos-cement pipe end machin ing will be included should such design be established. Fitting tolerances, where indicated, are required of the fittings manufacturer to establish proper control. Rubber gaskets to be purchased from the pipe manufacturer. Fittings shall be made of such materials as will provide service compatible with asbestos-cement pipe. CTD031591 APPENDIX 9 TABI.K A l --O O ^w~> n-- vr-'ii o ^ ^ CX OT,'T<~i''T -- <T ^ va -- r- <-*, a*. - - ri ^ i-, n 'T < Ah J^ tI rx- t Xx T-*r x<x> 'x-n -- -- rj fl r+-. rr, ry T----- t n r' m r*T- 3 nj- --r*\ ^r~, --<s~, rr~s rj *T r- V. r~- r*- -y -- r*-, va r~~ rN -c. -- . ^ rj > r--i r-- rMr n --j ct -- --- n n x X ? - > IN t cy c -> -- ^ -c x C S >arv s rj C^4 -i--<T. 'x--. T*T x cm -r >C r^j <*. y rv 71 - .r, r^' ^ =-5 .ijij h*| ninprimn'iu J-j iJ ||hm z CTD031592 AWWA C400-80 10 May 1982 Department of Defense Acceptance Notice This nongovernment document was adopted and approved for use by the Department of Defense (DoD) on 10 May 1982. The Amencan Water Works Association has furnished the clearance required by existing regulations. Copies of the document are stocked by DoD Single Stock Point. Naval Publications and Forms Center, Philadelphia, PA 19120. for issue to DoD activ ities only. Contractors and industry groups must obtain copies from AWWA. 6666 West Quincy Ave.. Denver. CO 80235. Title of Document: AWWA Standard for Asbestos-Cement Distribution Pipe. 4 in. Through 16 in. (100 mm Through 400 mm) NPS, for Water and Other Liquids Date of Specific Issue Adopted: June 15, 1974 Releasing Industry Group: American Water Works Association Custodians: Armv-- ME Navy--YD Air Force--99 User Activit\: Navy--MC Military Coordinating Activity: Navy--YD Project Mo. 5630-0088 FSC 5630 i 1 5P.7VM3400-11/83-MG CTD031593