Document a4Y5VNjn4V34YYKzXk5zJ7zOe

o I CANCER FOLLOWING OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO ASBESTOS AND VINYL CHLORIDE Wii.ijam J. N'iciioimin, PhD A review u presented of (he various ficion important in ihf identification of carcinogenic disease from occupational and environ menu! caposure iv asbestos and vinyl chloride. The long lapsed period, uiually of 20 or more years from first eapoaurc to ihcte maieriala, it discussed, aa well aa the requirement for sufficiently long obaervation perioda in proapcclive epidemiological nudiea. The multiple-factor etiology of lung cancer involving cigarette smoking and aabntoa eapoaure ia illuairaled. The riaka of asbestos-related cancers to other than tboae directly working with the material are diacuaaed in a variety of circumatancaa, and finally the effectiveness of control procedurea for vinyl chloride and arbcaiot are compared. Cowar J: 1792.1101, 1922. INETEEN SEVENTV-HVE WAS THE 2(K1|TI AS- elfects of these two materials is instructive Nniversary of the publication hv Percivall they oircr similar, but in some respects contra*Pott of his obaervation* of arrtitnl cancer amoningg. examplrs of the current difficulties of ideno- chimney tweeps in Creat Britain." This pio fving and controlling carcinogenic material* * neering paper on occupational cancer by an the workplace. alert surgeon recognized onr of the salient fea ture* of occupational carcinogenesis, the lapsed Asbestos Health Effects period between time from first exposure and the The modern history of asbestos disease date manifestation of symptoms. The chimney from the turn of the ccnturv. when two repon* sweeps were employed at young children, hut the cancers did not appear until after puberty, when they were usually considered venereal in origin and treated accordingly. This aspect of occupationally induced cancer continues to be wore pultlishcd documenting uncontrolled W*ditions in ashostos textile factories. One- l*lf testimony >r l)r. II. Montague Murray >' * compensatitm hearing, described severe Pul` ntonary fibrosis found at autnpsv. in |000. it'll* devil us 21X1 years later, as we try to identify sources of disease among working populations. Since the serious elfects of exposure to carcino Iasi survivor of a group ot ten workers first ef* ployed 14 vrarst previously in a carding n>ornAt the time of the hearing, in 10(16. f)r. Murra' gens do not Itecome clinically manifest for scars, oili-red the optimistic prognosis. "One heats, often dccadrs. a causal association is not often generally speaking, that considerable trouble easily identified between agent and disease. now taken to prevent the inhalation of dust. *TM Approximately 100 materials used or ap|>ear- so the disease is not so likely to occur as hef^ ing in industrial processes have been identified tofore."" The second was the description as carcinogens." Fortunately, most havr limited use and few workers are exposed, but some art used extensively. In this latter category are as bestos and vinyl chloride. A review of the health Aurihault of deaths during the early yeari * o|ieratiun of an asbestos weaving mill estabj lished at Conde-sur-Xuireau. France, in I*During this period. So men died, including D* 17 recruited from a cotton textile mill previous!* Prramtrd at thr National (tanctr Inttitutr Cnnfrrmte <m Cancer Fpidrmioiagy and thr (ainicien. Huston. Maas..'(k- rater 2MJ. ISIS. From it* riept of Community Mrdicinr. Mount .Sinai School of Mrdicinr of the City Unfctftity of Nrw York. New York. NY 1(102*. AfttafiMt Prafpwof. Addms far rsprimr William J. Nicholson. Phil. Ikpt. of Community Medicine, Ml. Sinai School of Medicine. Nrw York. NY 1002*. ' kfcrtvcd hr publication January I*. I*TT. owned by the factory director. _ Subsequently, cases of pulmonary fibrosis lowing inhalation of asbestos were published the medical literature, including one by Cooke, who gave the disease it* current name, ash**" tosis." A 1929 study of asbestos textile opm ations by the British Factory Inspectorate re vealed the existence and extent of a continuing problem." In a clinical survey of mill employ***80% of those employrd for 20 years or more hid 1792 *-ray evident e nl ;tsb> `limulatecl the K.kio,, iht introduction "f rx ,r*l technology in ih lishment of an ungoin gram. Again an optin 1 "The (look i. " decade, or there.ili' I Application of |irmApparent in a grrat i r . fibrosis."" * " In time, htmrw-r. * sociatcd with avlo1. **pand. In I'M' an t ivere published of lu f trs who had dii'tl s fibrosis.'1* While ficient to causally re I'-. lung cancer, ihc po _i: w* confirmed l> showed ihat I.V- ;; Aibestosis in (Ire.i genic carcinoma '* f the lining of :hi ; scribed in an adx ' frequently to h.o> j'. exposure in I 'ion r such exposure in I /.*fso was found to . insulation workei - In 19"\ three--first idemifieanoo . society continues ertce. unfortunate Moreover, the pi ; eral ashestns-rel.ithose directly h. working nenrbv ' Aibestos maten.i'. ; simply five in tit *iion or in the ho High Exposure The full Spri i exposure is best Hammond and rience of p.Hixt 'i Table i shows t g among this gn > 1967. through I individuals w h< lf. was due to lunu final cancer, tip. (a tumor so rarmay nerintm In in the absence 8004 0027 HFM -011688 SCF-FA-7180 HFM -011698