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AR226- | HHE G STUDY OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AT WASHINGTON WORKS PLANT This study was conducted to evaluate the incidence of cases of myocardial infarction among male wage and salary roll employees at the Washington Works Plant from 1956 to 1973. pr. v. 3 Pover, Plant Physician, requested the investigation because some workers had complained that the occurrence of heart attacks among employees seemed excessive. DESIGN AND METHODS A computer search of the morbidity files in Wilmington produced a list of cases for this retrospective study. A case is defined as any male employee who suffered a first myocardial in farction (M.1.) between January 1, 1956, and December 31, 1873. This definition includes persons who recovered from an acute M.I. and those who died suddenly from coronary heart disease. Persons who had left work for any reason were considered potential propositi during only those years in the study period when they were active employees. Females were excluded from the study, as they represent a group too small in size for statistical analysis. Additional data concerning plant population statistics and occupational profiles for each case were obtained from records at Washington Works. Sixty-one cases of N.I. wehe observed during the eighteen- vear period. A breakdown by age categorization within three-year periods for salary roll and for wage roll hen is presented in Table 1. 00sL0See . 2. . Age-specific Du Font Company rates for male wage roi1 and salaried personnel were used to compute the expected number Of M.I.'S at Washington Works. Again, three-year time periods vere selected for this determination. It would not have been sufficient to have referred to the 1973 figures, nor to have averaged or otherwise aggregated the rates over the eighteen years, because a trend toward lower incidence in the Du Pont Company has occurred in recent years. The Company rates are shown in Table II. The observed nunber of myocardial infarctions at Washington Works and the number of cases predicted according to Company statistics eamrpelopyreeesse.nted in Table IIT for wage roll and for salary roll ANALYSTS vase roll No excess incidence of M.I. is evident among employees. The expected number of M.I.'s is the male 34.0; 32 vere observed. One notices that the number of cases has been increasing over the years at Washington Works. One suggested explana- thon is that with an increasing percentage of employees over the ade of fifty, both at Washington Works Plant and in the Company (Table IV), more M.I.'s are to be expected. Among salaried employees, the observed incidence of mnuymobcearr,diaulndeirnftahrectiasosnumipstisoingntihfaitcacnatsleys hfioglhleorwthaaPnoitshseonexdpiescttreid- bution: 28.M.I.'s were observed; 21.5 is the expected mumber (P22 -06). The high overall incidence is largely the result of elevated rates in recent years. Inthe period from 1971 to 1973, m a 8 - 000091 . 3a : 12 observed cases versus 5.3 expected cases ( = 0.008) whereas in the preceeding years no differences between observed and ex- pected numbers were significant. (P> .10 for all comparisons). Further investigation of occupation reveals that the high frequency of M.I. cases among salaried employees is seen largely in foremen. Twenty of the twenty-nine cases occurred anong the population of foremen at Washington Works: 8 were mechanical foremen, 9 were production foremen, 2 were laboratory foremen, and 1 was a yard and transportation foreman. } thirty-five percent of the salaried men at the plant Approximately Since the age distribution of foremen is comparable are foremen. to that of ail salaried employees at Washington Works, one would expect that only 10 Of the observed M.I.'s would present in this occupational class (35% of 29), compared to the 20 which occurred among foremen. he foremen studied range in age at onset of the attack from 35 to 65 years. Both the mean and the median number of iysea1rsweoefketxope2r5ienyecaersa.s foremen prior to M.I. is 9.0. ne range Patrolmen, a group representing threepercent of the Washington Works population, also showed a somewhat elevated. in- idence of M.I. Four cases were observed among patrolmen, whereas the expected number is.1.4 (3% of 29). The age at onset for these patrolnen, however, ranges from 55-59 years; this-is older than the median age at onset for the entire group, which is about 50 years. This consideration explains the increased incidence among patrolmen. Distribution of M.I: cases among employee work classificationsis Presented in Table v. : . . S & . 3 000092 . . i summary This study examines incidence of myocardial infarction among male employees at Washington Works over an eighteen-year period. Using Du Pont Company rates as the referrent, it was found that no excess of M.I. cases occurred among wage roll persons, whereas among salaried men, elevated morbidity rates obtain. The target group among salaried employees is foremen. Increased incidence in this group cannot be explained by their age distribution. One asks, then, if some aspect of the work routine is a causal link in the development of coronary heart disease, or if some personal characteristic which predisposes one to become a foreman is a risk indicator for M.I. As a result of the findings of this study, the/ Biostatistics Group in Wilmington will explore the possibilityotf a Company-wide investigation of morbidity among foremen. oy tained T- 0 MBAiUoRsEtEaNtisT.ticOi'aBnERG . r keK2; && 000093 E-- T ------ | Age 20 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 Total Age 20 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 10-44 5-49 50-54 55-59 60--_---6_4-- Total TABLE I AGE DISTRIBUTION OF M.I. CASES BY THREE-YEAR PERIODS AT WASHINGTON WORKS, 1956-1973 1956-50 1 1 1956-58 4 0 195M9a-l6e1 Wag1e962(-N6u4mber19of65-E6m7ploye1e9s6)8-70 . 1 2 2 3 2 1 1 1 2 3 1 3 1 _1 6 1 6 8 195M9a-6l1e Sal1a96r2y-6(4Numb1e9r65of-67Emplo1y9e6e8s-)70 - 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 2 1 1 .1 1 A1 5 3 4 5 1971-73 1 1 3 2 7 gota: 0 1 0 2 6 3 8 6 4 2 32 1971-73 Total 0 0 0 1 1 2 3 1 6 2 z 7. o 7 10 g a 1 @u 12 29 coogi TABLE IT . Age-SpPeecrif1i00c,0D0u0,Poonft MCIomCpaasneysRates, WAGE - MEN Age | 1956-56| 1959-61| 1962-64| 1965-67 | 1968-70 | 1971-73 # 20-2204 [03.0 3205--3249 1840060 o0l.o0 0.0 00l.00 6.0 50..10 102.004 a2 107 00l.o0 als 35-39 40-44 88.7 178.2 45-49 | 484.7 21170.37 | 13144064 238824.07| 3255840.49 1550..85 19102 11510g8 242.0 806l20 183.6 *4X 5550--5594 || 8780371.39 60-64 | 940.8 981622.s1 || 761330.78 | 910.3 | 857.4 | 637845..44 || 895.9 | 336752.039 | 464282.i25 91505 | so04.4 989.7| 1,064.5 | 1,169. g4e7s "roman| 280 357 259 267 275 8 mn SALARY - MEN Age | 1956-50| 1959-61| 1962-64| 1965-67| 1068-70| 1571-73 20-2204 3205--3249 00l.00 00 l0.o0 00..00 0.0 000 00..00 00l.00 0l0 7.0 00l.00 0.0 35-39 576..92 - 1a0s--2u4s|| 2a4s7al.72 18340.80 184.4 | 5668..48 | 23707 | 11980.53 17502| 4370.56 206.4 as17 | 2640..95 18000 5550--5594 60-64 || | 1,070013.009 1,327.9 | 1,060873..11|| 545520.037 || 9367 | 36a425l17s|| masis| 903.3| 1,165.6 | 1,024.2| 3s1s0a.9 | 1,1147160.05|| a37463.45-- Josie sroman | 354 330 331 303 2m 975.8 215 *Age-adjusted rate : n &33S @ 000095 8 TABLE IIT : OBSERVED NUMBER OF M.I. Cass ap WASHINGTON WORKS AND EXPECTED NUMBER OF m.r.cases Bi BASED ON DU PONT COMPANY MORBIDITY , Male Wage Observed 1956-58 1 1959-61 6 1962-64 1965.47 1968-70 1971-73 gor, Expected 2.2 3.8 1 4.9 6 6.0 8 8.2 7 32 8.9 34. 1956-58 1959-61 MaleSalary : 1962-64 1065-67 1968-70 `1971-73 OEbxspeercvteedd 105. 2.55. 33s4 34s00 4.5813 51.23 yz m2p2o19g.a5; - I 3 s g 8 000096 Age <25500 2250 TABLE Iv Du PoAngte CCaotmepgaonryizaantdiWoanshoifngMtaolne WEomrpklso,yee1s956a-t1973 WAGE ADNUDPSOANTLARCYOMPCAOMNBYINED* 1956-58 | 1959-61 | 1962-64 [1965-67 | 1068-70 | 1071-75 2H 03.T 712| | 14891,,713432 || 18% 22% 1s886.,045113 218 || 2"0657,.151600|| 19773,.925579 | 118333,a4a4t1 258 27% 29% Age "2 5500 8 250 1956-58| 3,136 151 a WAGEWAANSDHISNAGLTAORNYWCOORMKSBINED* 1959-611 1962-64| 1965-67] 4,421 322 45.7212] 5,528] 744] 7% 108 12 1968-70 | 16,,030700 14s 1971-73 16,,202351 17% "pBoapcuhlantuimobnerfroreprtehseentthsreet-hyeeacrumpuelraitoidv.e mid-year g : - goS 8 000097 TABLE Vv PNO5OCCEEWCXYOUREEPKEDASCT,TINEOUMNDMAABLLNEEORDNISOSEFTRRMI.OIBF.UTM.ICTOA.NSEACSTasBtWYsa.tocrhcmueopmrasoryzoohn SALARIED EMPLOYEES o occur parIonm Foremen SuMpaenravgiesmieonnt through Specialists Analysts, Accountants Engineers Clerical Patrolmen Draftsmen TOTAL BMAe,SEHOHMMFIPNNLGOGSIYAIOELONEANSRWIvOAEoRTDmKsS 35% Cam 2 3x 228 108 3 2 ONBUSMEBREVRED oOrF wM.iT.r'sy 20 3 1 0 0 0 4 1 29 ExNeummcpTpEgD ooFp'byoEtRiRgs 10.2 6.7 1.4 .9 6.4 2.9 .9 1.4 *expected umber = 1 x 29 .. . og 28 000098 &