Document a185GzRaVxaEe0wjnrnxdxy5B

)Y 15 Lead alva- |NT: TT- osive. tech- it and sion. ation* ity for >rinied 59. IKE'S rd lead Jnivertisan. the use printed ractor. 0. 1* d leadimersion >ns. ;e . as. Glaziers at work on a four-tiered scaffold give the scale of the 22Vz x 317 ft. expanse of window for the new American Airlines Passenger Terminal at Idlewlld Airport. Twenty-eight tons of lead were used in lead comes and in covering for the structural steel. (See story, page 6). LIA26188 I Massive sections of the wall are poured atop the sheet lead at each stop of this mobile scaffold with concrete forms on both sides. NIAGARA POWER TUNNELS USE 16'/2 MILES OF LEAD AS LUBRICATING SEAL -- Courtesy Power Authority of the State of New York Fmler a treatv with Canada the I . S. is building the >720 million Ni agara Power Project--the largest hy droelectric development ever underluk.cn in the Free ^ orld. Development ha- ad\anted under auspices of the I'oucr \uthoritv of the State of New 1 ink. [lie Boston firm of Lhl. Hall & llicli. engineers, is serving as consult ant' for design and construction of the power plant. Snell a vast undertaking naturally encounters unique engineering prob lems. One of the unique techniques developed to solve them is the ingen ious use of sheet lead as a sort of gasket that will act both as a lubricant a nil w ater seal. This lead seal gaskets the joint between the base and verti cal members of two parallel concrete conduits, each more than four miles long. Water diverted from the Niagara River above the falls flows through the conduits, placed below grade bycut and cover, into an open canal and thence to the main power plant or is pumped into a storage reservoir. The conduits themselves will be 66 ft. high and 46 ft. wide including their three-hinged arch concrete roofs. Thickness of concrete walls and base will vary generally between 2Vg and 3 ft., and thicker at the base of the arch. Tops of the conduits will aver age 40 ft. below ground level, the base The 4-lb. sheet lead is placed in position. averaging 106 ft. below ground level. Pitched !,/t in. in each 100 ft. through most of the run. each 22,000 ft. con duit will drop the water about 11 ft. in elevation. As illustrated in the photos, massive sections of the wall are being poured at each stop of a mobile scaffold com plete with concrete forms on either side. This rig shuttles back and forth through the open cut depositing whole section forms ready for the concrete to be poured. Sheet lead is placed in the joint formed by the wall sections and the concrete base (see detail drawing) to serve as a lubricant during any wall movements due to stress induced bycontraction or expansion. The lead is also the water seal for the joint. The base area where the wall sec tion will be joined is first cleaned of debris with an air hose. This surface is next painted with an asphalt emul sion. Strips of 4-lb. sheet lead 10 ft. long with ends butted are then placed over the prepared strip and painted with asphalt to protect them from re action with the free lime in the fresh, curing cement. A gridwork of steel reinforcing bars is anchored in the rock wall. Finally, the mobile scaf folding rig is rolled up on railroad tracks running the length of the ditch, and another unit of concrete wall is poured. Since the asphalt-lead-asphalt prep aration is laid the length of both con duit trenches, on either side of each 38,000 linear ft. of lead sheet is re quired. Width of these strips is 2 ft. tb>'-,-->ess 1/16 in. Weighing 4 lbs lare foot, the lead in the com pleted contir 161.3 V Lea itv ar memo mater cessfu f'S ft f1 1 !' NIAGARA POWER PROJECT -- BASIC PACTS! Location: On the Niagara River, near the falls. ; Watershed: Drains four of the Great Lakes; more than a quarter mil lion square miles. Flow: The river has an average flow of 202,500 c.f.s. A U. S.- Canadian treaty earmarks 100,000 c.f.s. for the falls during tourist season daylight hours, 50,000 c.f.s. other times. j Power output: 2.19 million kilowatt installed capacity, 13 billion kw-hr per year. j Size: The Niagara power project will be the largest in the Free World. 39 million cubic yards of earth excavated, 3.5 million yards of concrete. t. be] 0M groun >y each 100 ft. tfjj!'11' 2 tons! would form a "'ft` stnp a little over each 22,000 a" le "ater aboutL . , ... c ... fhy Lead Was Specified n the photos, njd -jn-r ified for its malleabil- a are being jdy lack of resilience, or "poor mobile scaffolrL-\of course. But several other ete forms on Bab might have competed sue'tt es back anc illif the-e properties had been cut depositin, dv for the c the only criteria. The lubricity of lead recommended it, because if the masshe wall blocks were not free to ad just their position, tremendous ther mal and ground forces might easily buckle or shatter them. And lead's ability to carry heavy loads, its lowcost. and the ease with which it is cut and w orked are other points listed in its favor. daced in the dl sections an detail dram Outdoors or Indoors-- nt during an' stress induce ansion. The le. LEAD-BEARING ENAMELS FOR COLOR IN CHRISTMAS LIGHTS for the joint. ( here the wall! is first cleanr: lose. This sun an asphalt a sheet lead If. d are then pii trip and pjsf ot them fron lime in the ha ndwork of anchored ia t be mobile up on raifre * gth of the did f' Lead-bearing glass color enamels are used by the Westinghouse Lamp Division to provide beautiful, durable colors on their premium Christmas tree lights. Specifically designed to be resistant to the ravages of weather, these color enamels containing about 50 per cent lead oxide are suitable for continued exposure outdoors -- ideal for decorating the house or trees on the lawn. Other enamels were tried concrete wjl but, without lead, their weather resist ance was too low. As always, these id-asphalt pr ;th of both r side of ad sheet is % strips is 21 cighing 4 H id in the c. I ^4^6190 bulbs come in a variety of festive colors. Something new -- bulbs dec orated with swirling patches of gay Christmas hues are available this year. Thus, another colorful lead product joins lead foil tinsel which tradition ally adorns our Christmas trees. I Lead Telluride Semimetals Find First Commercial Use A lead telluride ( B30. thermocouple used in combination with Basotron Flame Powers Systems. It is availabi in lengths from 12 to 60 inches. The stainless Lead telluride element (Baso B30D thermocouple) steel jacket of the prob is the p element of the n-p couple. Apart Irniit militarv ust* and <mi- n<<u u*r die* IJj mj U'o m control in their visioned use in atomic reactors, room heater products -- Ohio Foun i Lead . Vol. 23, No. 11 lead tellur dry and Manufacturing Co.. Steuben ide thermoelectric elements find their ville. Ohio: Adams Manufacturing Baso Dower unit --imir-- first use in Base's Appliance Control System. Completely flame powered, it is independent of outside electrical Co.. Pittsburgh, Penna.: and Empire Stove. Belleville. Illinois. The Baso tron svstem imparts surety and safety [muer. of operation. Basotron actuator The important feature of the sys tem is a lead telluride thermocouple generator which presides as much as in tlie event of an outside [lower failure in the home -- in the dead of winter let's say -- though the lights (JcTtT IfO millivolts with the aid of a pilot go out and the refrigerator stops, heat burner. In combination with a mag will still be provided. This example Baso thermostat netic gas metering valve and ther is easily extended to industrial needs mostat. it is readily adaptable to a where a reliable, independently sup Look, Ma, no power lines! This schematic of the Baso system clearly shows that operating power for the heating system control comes solely from variety of gas appliance and heating plied control unit is identifiable with svstems. In fart, several companies -ate and efficient operations. the lead telluride thermoelectric element-. Colorful "blackboards" Leaded Porcelain Enamel fa* t* Sefa*i in the olden days, the classroom "blackboard," where the student fre quently was required to display his ignorance with a piece of chalk, was made of slate. Today's "blackboards" are superior to the old slate boards in almost every way. Even the word "blackboard" does not properly describe these chalk boards as they are available in sev eral colors -- A greens, coral, "mist" white, blue, gray, black and brown. The difference? -- today's chalk boards are lifetime lead-bearing porce lain enamel on steel produced by the AllianceWall Division of Alliance Ware. Inc., Alliance. Ohio. AllianceWall "Life-Rite" chalk boards have been manufactured under the rugged specifications of the Porce lain Enamel Institute -- PEI:S-104 I specification for porcelain enamel chalkboards) and are being used ex tensively in new schools, laboratories, and institutions. The chalkboard is a 2d gauge steel sheet with a conven tional porcelain enamel ground coat on both sides and an ultra low-temp erature lead-bearing cover coat on onlv one side. This cover coat is fired at below 1200 deg. F. and y ields a beautiful matte finish with an ideal surface for taking chalk marks. The porcelain enameled sheet is then laminated on a rigid board. This lead-bearing lowtemperature cover coat has excellent acid resistance I class B or better), is color fast, and extremely abrasion resistant being significantly harder than chalk. Porcelain enamel, of course, is re nowned for its durability: so much so that these chalkboards come w ith a 20-year guarantee. Porcelain enamel surface quality has been carefully con trolled during manufacture so that it contains j ust the right degree of matte. The result is consistent performance. The surface takes chalk easily ami LIA26191 perature be erased without leaving anv tra aew vis of the original chalk marks; it if otreme not "load" or become smooth it possil use: in fact the properties of the pur enamel lain enamel surface are such that only be improves w ith use -- apparent^ things a certain amount of chalk on the surfaframes "conditions" the chalkboard. And. !nd wot vond this, porcelain enameled cha We of tl boards are virtually without gla Beaut under any lighting. fess spe A variety of sizes is available colors w convenient wall hung models maki!eIlng. X them ideal for use in the home, e..deaned. in the kitchen; in the playroom Ibeautifi the children; in conference rooii[oom o demonstration rooms; lecture roui1 *d as and a multiplicity of other areas, 'kouse. . small addition to the versatility ofl^Bdrer board is its magnetic nature f it's stdAdd s ' after all) which permits it to iloui T or a ' i {B3C used i+h Bo s j Power* ovailob',' > 12+o 6: S+cinlei: +he prot< ?ir+ of +^ r ,f IS at ile els ipith ng am narks'. . snull: P e* of it'1 ^ re soft' - app3r' j ; on the - j aoard. 1 namek' svitli"1- ] is a'a - model" the hi" .e plaNf' iferem" . leCturr er : Latilc Tanks for Cadmium Refining Lead, for years important in the rhemical industry because of its ex cellent resistance to many chemicals, has an important place in the electrohtic refining of a variety of metals including copper, zinc and manga nese. An illustration of the use of lead in this industry is at Great Falls. Mon- Principal dimensions and construction details of a lead-lined electrolytic cadmium tank. iillctm he.ud with the use of C.lUIU'ls. iw el lead-hearing low-tem i poicelain enamels opens up -'.I' in hnim- decorating. The - Gw firinu temperatures make ! :. in main cases to porcelain .111 icier, that formerly could tim-lird with organics. Such i- ktti hen ca 1 >inets and window ""iilil ne\ci require painting - I irlain ihcir color for the 1 Ill'll--e. ini matte finishes in an end i'am nf brilliant and soft " alii make ideal interior pan' 11 lequiring painting, easily dic-e panels would make " ill' in the kitchen, play1 ai'hed ha-eiuent. in halls ' a alnms! anv where in the dunk uf tiie vi alls of the - impervious to the '"A and general abuse " all .1 1 halkhnard : tana, where the Anaconda Co. electroly tically refines zinc and cadmium in process equipment lined with lead. Thousands of tons of lead sheet have been used to line the electrolysis tanks and associated recirculation and storage tanks, pipes for conveying the electrolyte, and as cast insoluble an odes. Lead is a natural choice for this application because of its excellent re sistance to the corrosive electrolyte based on sulphuric acid. As electrolysis takes place in open tanks 3 ft. 10 in. deep at ambient temperatures, pressure and tempera ture conditions are not severe and the simplest and least expensive method of lead construction, hanging sheet lead in wood and concrete tanks, is dictated. An illustration of the lead lined wooden tanks presently in use in cad mium plant is shown in the accom panying drawing. Concrete tanks of the same type are used in the zinc plant. The cell is lined with 8-Lb. chemical sheet lead which is obtained pre-cut in two sizes. One sheet is 8 ft. 6 in. wide x 12 ft. 10 in. long and is used to line the sides and bottom of the cell. Two sheets 4 ft. 4 in. and 5 ft. 10 in. long are used to line the two ends of the cell. When in place, the seams be tween the three sections are welded I burned ) with standard soft lead rod. Corners on the bottom and top of the cells are trimmed and filled in with pieces of sheet lead which are welded to form a tight liner for the cell. In the electrolytic refining of cer tain metals, e.g.. copper, the metal ion is introduced into the electrolyte from the anode. In cadmium and zinc refining, however, the practice is to add the metal ions to the electrolyte b\ leaching before charging into the electrolytic cells. The anode, there fore. has to be strongly resistant to the solvent action of the electrolysis. Although lead is an adequate anode material, its resistance to solution can be improved by adding 0.5 per cent silver. I This reduces the amount of lead which is carried over into the rer 11 ' the electrolysis process. 1 In refining cadmium, the lead carry over is less because of different oper ating characteristics ami ordinarv or silver-hearing lead mav lie used for anodes. Although lead's corrosion resistance is renowned, it is not noted for its high mechanical strength. Conse quently, the use of lead in the chem ical industry as a material of con struction has fostered development of special construction methods to sup port the lead. Homogeneous bonding and strapping methods have allowed the use of lead at temperatures and pressures far in excess of its own me chanical strength. The additional use of a special acid resistant brick lining which acts as a thermal barrier lias allowed the use of lead in equipment whose reaction temperature is even higher than the melting point of lead. The technology of lead construction has so extended the physical range practical for lead equipment that it is possible to lose sight of the virtues of the simple time-honored method of hanging lead sheet in wooden, con crete, or steel tanks. This construction method, competitive in cost to that for any lined tank, has given long years of serv ice in extremely corrosive en vironments, in pickle tanks, storage tanks, and many other uses. As always, cost of the tank is effec tively lowered even further by the exceptionally high scrap v alue of lead -- as high as three quarters of the original price-- which is recoverable at the end of the life of the installa tion. The versatility and ease with which lead can he worked when de signs are changed and linings repaired adds to the overall value of this main stay of the chemical construction in dustry. Part of Anaconda's cadmium area. LI A26 192 I --5-- !i Architect's sketch of the American Airlines Passenger Terminal for Idlewild International Airport, de signed by Kahn & Jacobs, Archi tects, Roy S. Bent, Associate. When completed, the building will have the world's largest stained glass window. Contemporary Architecture Returns t(Sta l he mot e thin f '>> A hint of grandeur to come -- an interior view of the partially completed window. At sprawling, futuristic Idlewild International Airport in New York, dozens of startling examples of con temporary architecture are springing up in a complex suggestive of a world's fair. Among these, the Ameri can Airlines Passenger Terminal has been cited as outstanding in blending traditional aestheticism and modern functionalism. The dominant feature - Designed by Marius Plamondon Stained glass indoors, too . . . ... this time in traditional scenic deputations, form a striking 60 x 3-ft. mural in the Les Voyageurs cocktail lounge of the magnificent new Queen Elizabeth Hotel in Montreal. Fur traders and trappers of fwo centuries ago are shown against a pictorial map of the area. Other Recent Stained Glass Uses Ringside Restaurant Columbus, Ohio Hertz Hall (symphony hall) University of California Arcadia 8owling Court Arcadia, California Canada House New York City Matched windows with the Demo cratic donkey and the Republican elephant 30 foot stained gloss curtain wall with an abstract of musical instru ments Two walls of a cocktail lounge (750 sq. ft.) in gray and white harle quins 16 x 8-ft. stained glass mural in lobby shows Canadian history, sports, symbols of this building is a stained glass win dow used as facade and '`sun break." Executed in vivid colors, a non objective design extends 317 feet across the upper level of the terminal. The window is 221/o feet high. During the day it will provide tempered day lighting for the interior: at night, in terior lighting will make it a unique landmark. This window, designed by Robert Sowers, is the keynote of the building. Unique in size -- it is thought to be the world's largest--the American Airlines window is part of a trend Each unit is shaved to ensure an even fit and alignment of the design elements. Lead covered steel saddle bars sweated fo the back of each un* f port. making itself felt in hotels, termir.i and other public buildings just stained glass was the mark of cat: drals, the public buildings of the ll century. Still, the long, low, functivk lines of the airline building leave m doubt that it was built to serve bis, 20th century people. The stained glass window itself* made up of 78 panel frames, e: holding 12 units composed of sevens pieces of stained glass held in pU; with lead cames. The frame struct1.*, was welded from steel T-sections form the mullions and transoms, t the steel was then wrapped with 2:. lb. sheet lead and lead-burned ab w the seams to form a hermetic seal. In glazing the windows, work-** shave the outer cames of each unit* achieve a good fit and true up all ` : lines of the design which run acr r several lights. Then they place '.L light in the frame so that it rests - * Sfl re le st: is St ar \v St St V< v< H f< e e b b 1 v a Lead came Weatherproof calking Lead frarrc Neoprene block Lead-burned seam Steel T-member wrapped with ^V^-lb sheet lead all over and sealed by lead burning Section through transom and light sbo* lead wrapping for the steel, lead car of the light, and the lead retaining from t \ t I 1 Non-hardning compound Sheet steel LEAD-ASBESTOS PADS /--A" steel angles / supporting cooling tower ^ /--Built-up roof Confine Vibration [ ) i/ '' ' ( I In ;,////< " A) i ils, tern; ings juark of u: as of the )w, func! ding lea; to serve; -mall m-nprcne pads. A fitted lead ) retaining frame is secured with stain- ) less steel screws to complete the ; -tructure. j When the installation of the lights ' i- cnmpleted. the space between the : -Iructural frame, the retaining frame. ; ,m<l the lights themselves will be sealed [ ndow its frame?, ised of sr held in rame stn 1 T-secti; 1 transom pped will ' i-burned ;rmetic srldows, * of each i 1 true up hich run ; thev ph that it rr uitli a weatherproof plastic calking. ( Km h light draws its own structural Miniglh from h x 1.4-in. lead coated [ -liel -adille liars sweated and held < M itiralh a; ross the light along the < o iliial came seams. Panes of glass ) within the light are cemented into the ) ll-sectinn lead carries and rolled to ; h1 ini a weatherproof joint. j Hie fini-hrd window, thus, is weath- j ,i||i'"i(. rattle-free and resistant : 1';;1111g11 In withstand any "sonic : h' "in' nr other future vicissitudes. ; I lie \iuei ican Airlines Terminal is 1 I"'ing huill at a cost of S14 million. { I he an liilri I-. Kahn & Jacobs of New f ^ "'k. poini out that while the window [ " i- not inev[>rrisive. it has just about / 'il it- maintenance built in -- it ) '' ''Id -cue lor rears without paint- ; ad came ^ 'eatherprccalking -Lead hf -. calking, or any other attention, j ' d- 'he\ feel, it will he more immune damage than anv conventional " aidows in the area. : Ihc wrapping and burning of 25 ' - "(lead onto structural steel, done l"hn J. Ahernethy & Co. of Brook- \ '. and the fabrication and glazing ( Drene bloc; turned ser, T-member j *ed with 2': j lead all w? ealed by 1 turning l ' 1 ' in -ertions. I 3J4 tons of lead I { Ihimhusch Decorating Co., New [ ^ A. wmi oil without anv of the "on / i"h hugs usual in this sort of / - .a lording to the contractor. ) ' "' ! < "imtruction Co. Though the ) 'mg was not complete as Lead j " press, the work was several j HHioernstaenedl, lea** xf lead refoimi# *"k* ahead of schedule and the win- : " ' "inp1 lete. The terminal will :j " " niccearh next vear. / 33,30 or 24 wide flange beam Lead antivibration pads that have proved an effective barrier to vibra tion created by railroad trains, news paperprinting presses and commercial laundry equipment are now- effectively damping the vibration created by com mercial air conditioning equipment. One of the first installations was made oil (lie roof of the new' 35-storv air conditioned office building at 575 Lexington Avenue, New- York City. The cooling tower -- wet weight of 205.000 lb. -- is supported on 10 steel angle columns resting on the build ing's own structural girders. Between the base of the cooling tower's sup porting columns and the structural steel are steel billets distributing the load over lead-asbestos antivibration pads isee accompanying drawing). The cooling tower's corner posts are on pads 8 in. x 8 in., and the remaining columns on pads 8 in. x 14 in. The ten pads provide an anti vibration bearing surface of 928 sq. in. for the 205.000 lb. cooling tower, or about 220 lb. per sq. in. Wein berger. Frieman, Leichtman & Quinn. to Roof-Top Cooling Tower New York City, were the consulting engineers w-ho specified the lead asbestos antivibration pads (supplied by the John F. Abernethy Co., Brook lyn, N. Y.) and Sylvan Bien & Robert L. Bien, New York City, were the architects. Sam Minskoff & Sons, Inc., also New York City, are the ownerbuilders. The engineers reported that the method of construction used for the supports for the cooling tower saved considerable time and expense in that they could be placed in position w hile the steel work was in progress rather than w-aiting for the concrete to be poured and then placing the footings. The cooling tower is equipped w-ith three 60 H.P., 1800 RPM motors, with spiral bevel gears driving a 12bladed adjustable pitch fan at 202 RPM, plus a water pump of 6.000 gal. per min. capacity. As revealed by a check this past summer, the vibration created by this equipment while oper ating at peak load was effective!)' damped by the lead-asbestos antivi bration pads. Seawater Immersion Test Completed - 2000 YEARS LATER I his remarkable photo was taken by the Laboratoire Rebikoff, Cannes, France, as the lead stock of a Roman galley's anchor was raised in 80 feet of water off the famed Cote d'Azur. Weighing nearly 700 pounds, the stock is excellently preserved despite a 2000 tear exposure to seawater. Under its coating of mud and slime the metal is solid and unpitted. Note the sharp ness of edges and the smooth surfaces. Though restricted in their engineer ing materials, the Romans came up with an ingenious anchor design using a central shank of wood w ith wooden flukes fitted and lashed to it (sketch at right i. Quite a heavy stock was required to initially lay the anchor with its flukes in a vertical plane so that one would dig in when the hawser Eye Lead Stock (about 700lb) k/ooden shank. k/ooden F/ukes Fitted and /ashed to shank. was put under tension. So heavy was this stock, in fact, that RebikofTs expedition had to buoy it with air bags before it could be raised. THE /WdJBR ARY of Technical Information The following articles and reprints contain information, drawings and specifications on the use of lead products helpful to architects, engineers and others interested. They are available free of charge exeept where otherwise indicated, upon request to the LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION, 60 East 42nd STREET, NEW YORK 17, N. Y. THE MATERIALS YOU BUY -- LEAD Descriptive information about lead from mine to finished products. Reprinted from "New York Purchasing Review,'' January, 1959. USE LEAD TO CONTROL CORROSION Latest practices in lead construction for the petroleum refining industry are described. How to avoid the difficulties sometimes ex perienced with lead-lined equipment. Re printed from "Petroleum Refiner," April, 1958. BEST DESIGNS FOR LEAD INSTALLATIONS A special report on the applications of lead and lead alloys in the chemical and metallur gical industries. Recommended practice for joining lead sheets, and the construction of wood stave tanks, launders, towers and flues where lead is involved are included. Reprinted from "Chemical Engineering," March, April and May, 1956. RADIATION PROTECTION The place of lead in shielding against radia tion in X-ray and atomic energy applications. Principles of lead shielding construction. Re printed from "Lead In Modern Industry." LEAD WORK FOR MODERN PLUMBING $1.50 Postpaid, $1.00 per copy in quanti ties of 10 or more Profusely illustrated with over 140 photo graphs and drawings, the textbook presents clearly to the plumbing student the necessary tools, procedures and the methods required for lead work. LEAD IN MODERN INDUSTRY $1.00 Postpaid A fully illustrated 230 page, cloth bound book describing all phases of the production and use of lead, lead alloys and lead compounds. LEAD BUILDING CONSTRUCTION BULLETIN NO. 1 Specifications for Lead Waste Connections for Plumbing Fixtures with Integral Traps (Water Closets -- Pedestal Urinals -- Service Sinks). LEAD-ACID BRICK CONSTRUCTION Reviews use of lead-acid brick for corrosive, abrasive, and hot chemicals. Installation tech niques and case histories supplement cost and corrosion data. Reprinted from "Corrosion," Feb. 1959. FEDERAL SPECIFICATION WW-P325 For Pipe, Bends and Traps: Lead Dimensions and weights of lead products used in the plumbing and water works fields are given. Published by the Government Printing Office. LEAD GUTTERS RUN WATER OFF DUKE'S BACK A description of the installation of hard lead gutters on a new dormitory at Duke Univer sity. Reprinted from "American Artisan." October, 1958. FLASHING WITH HARD LEAD A complete "How-to-do-it" article on the use of hard lead in roofing and flashing. Reprinted from "American Roofer & Siding Contractor," December, 1958. RED LEAD TECHNICAL LETTERS No. 12 Seven formulations and schedules for painting highway structural steel. No. 13 L.I.A. Formula 9-2. A single Red Lead Primer for Rusted, Weathered or New Galva nized Steel. No. 14 Describes the formulation of red leadcoumarone primer for seawater immersion -- ship hulls, fixed marine installations. FEDERAL SPECIFICATION FOR PAINT: RED-LEAD-BASE, READY-MIXED TTP-86a Covers four types of red-lead-base paints in cluding two fast drying formulations. Many intended applications listed. N. Y. TRANSIT AUTHORITY PAINTS Evaluates experiences and best formulations found by the New York Transit Authority for maintaining subways, elevateds. Reprinted from "Mass Transportation," March 1959. NEW LITERATURE MATERIALS of CONSTRUCTION REVIEWS Lead and lead alloys in design and construc tion research, engineering and technological applications. With bibliography, 1959. 1958. 1957 and 1956 reviews (editions are not cum ulative) are available. Reprinted from "In dustrial and Engineering Chemistry." September, 1959, 1958, 1957 and 1956. LEAD-ASBESTOS PAD FOR VIBRATION Gives specification, drawings, and reviews re cent applications of lead-asbestos anti-vibra tion pads for buildings. CORROSION DATA--LEAD St ALLOYS Chart form presentation of the corrosion re sistance of lead and its alloys to 188 common chemical materials over the normal tempera ture range. Reprinted from "Chemical Engi neering." February 1953. BETTER LEAD TANK LININGS Sketch and description of an improved method for lining wooden tanks with sheet lead. Reprinted from "Chemical Engineer ing," September 1959. UPON REQUEST, THE LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION WILL BE GLAD TO MAIL "LEAD" REGULARLY, FREE OF CHARGE. TO THOSE INTERESTED, AND WILL COOPERATE WITHOUT OBLIGATION IN THE SOLUTION OF YOUR LEAD PROBLEMS. PRINTED IN U. S. A. LIA26195 ISAAC GOLDMAN DIVISION r