Document a11YE33vYOG9VN87O610yGrGR

***-< WRG 002188 ^IliPlAINnFF'S jixwbix^ MBkbmsi^ Clayton Environmental Consultants, Inc. P O Box 788 5736 Corporate Avenue Cypress. California 90630 (714) 229-4806 t f ( Survey of Airborne Fiber Concentrations and / Assessment oftSuspect Asbestos-Containing -Materials ar-the National Medical Care, Inc. Clayton Project No. 22187.00 May 26, 1989 JrR007731 4. CONTENTS 1.0 . INTRODUCTION...................................... 2.0 SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS 2.1 SUMMARY OF ASSESSMENT ............. 2.2 RECOMMENDATIONS .......................... 3.0 STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES .... J 4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION............................... 4.1 SOURCES OF INFORMATION............................ 4.2 DESCRIPTION OF BUILDING/BUILDING USE J 4.3 DESCRIPTION OF ASSESSMENT ....................... 4.4 RESULTS.................................................................. 1 Appendices _ ] A BULK SAMPLING ANALYTICAL RESULTS B RESULTS OF SAMPLING FOR AIRBORNE FIBERS J C SAMPLING AND ANALYTICAL METHOD . Phase Contract Microscopy ] . Polarized Light Microscopy D PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES FOR ROUTINE MAINTENANCE AND REMODELING OPERATIONS ' .J E TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION J Page 1 3 4 4 4 4 5 n> rs> I i i R007732 ,-] ; ] 1 1 * 1 i h c Survey of Airborne Fiber Concentrations , and Assessment of Suspect Asbestos-Containing Materials at the Biomedical Applications for National Medical Care, Inc. Clayton Project No. 22187.00 May 26, 1989 Clayton Environmental Consultants, Inc. P.0 Box "88 3736 Corporate Avenue Cypress, California 90630 (714) 229-4806 t i 1.0 INTRODUCTION Mr. Larry Park, Corporate Manager of Safety, Industrial Hygiene and Loss Prevention, of National Medical Care, Inc. authorized Clayton Environmental Consultants, Inc. to conduct an assessment of suspect asbestos-containing materials and collect air samples to determine prevalent airborne fiber concentrations at the Biomedical Applications facility in Torrance, California. The scope of the services provided by Clayton is described in Clayton's proposal no. 89-F-046 dated February 27, 1989, which includes an explanation of the terms and conditions under which the work was provided. A description of the assessment conducted is provided in Section 4.3 of this report. j On March 9, 1989, Ms. Paula Fpll and Mr. John Moore, Associate Industrial Hygienists at Clayton, conducted a walkthrough assessment of the building. They were accompanied by Mr. Mark Halloran, Chief Technician of Biomedical Applications. This walkthrough assessment provided a visual inspection of the readily accessible portions of the building. Ms. Fell recorded the areas of the building inspected, as well as areas where friable materials or materials suspected of containing asbestos were located. A friable material is one which, when dry, can be crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder by hand pressure. When materials suspected of containing asbestos were found, representative bulk samples were collected from each homogeneous material, as recommended by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Areas with similar-appearing materials were identified and recorded. The Clayton laboratory analyzed the samples for asbestos content using the technique of polarized light microscopy (PLM) and following the EPA PLM protocol for determining asbestos fibers in bulk insulation materials. 2Z1S7.REP R007733 1 ] Clayton Environmental Consultants ] In addition, four air samples were collected inside the building and one sample outside the 1 building. The samples were analyzed using phase-contrast microscopy (PCM) in Clayton's American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) - accredited laboratory in Kennesaw, Georgia, using the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) method 7400, A Counting Rules. Appendix A presents bulk sample analytical results. Appendix B presents results of the sampling for airborne fibers. Appendix C briefly describes the analytical methods used. Appendix D summarizes precautionary measures for routine maintenance activities and remodeling operations involving asbestos-containing materials.. Appendix E describes the health hazards associated with asbestos exposure. 1 2.0 SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS J The following summary and recommendations are based on the results of analyses of samples collected and on Ms. Fell's subjective observations. 2.1 SUMMARY OF ASSESSMENT b Asbestos was identified in floor tiles, linoleum, baseboard, thermal system insulation 4nd sprayed- on acoustical treatment. PCM analysis of' the five air samples collected indicated airborne fiber concentrations ranging from 0.002 td 0.005 fibers per cubic centimeter (f/ec). 2.2 RECOMMENDATIONS 2.2.1 2.2.2 Future Testing Quarterly air sampling should be conducted in areas with the greatest potential for generating airborne asbestos fibers, such as the storeroom and water treatment room. If corrective action is necessary, air sampling will help establish priorities for such action by identifying areas where asbestos-containing materials pose an immediate concern. However, the results of air sampling are indicative of the status of airborne fibers only at the time of sampling; therefore, an asbestos management program in' all areas containing asbestos materials is warranted. j Asbestos Control and Management Program It has been our experience that, unless damaged or disturbed, cohesive asbestos-containing materials do not tend to become airborne. However, it is conceivable that water damage, maintenance activities, or vandalism could disturb the asbestos-containing materials, thereby increasing the risk of generating significant airborne asbestos fiber concentrations. To prevent this potential health hazard, you may wish to consider removing, encapsulating, or enclosing all exposed asbestos-containing materials. In each case, the optimum control option will depend on the amount of material present and its location and condition. We will be available to work with you to select and implement the best option. As an alternative to removal, or in the interim, steps should be taken to prevent the potential release of fibers by maintaining all asbestos-containing materials in good repair. These materials should be examined and repaired regularly to prevent the release of airborne fibers. In addition, an effective asbestos management program should be implemented, which would include taking precautions to protect employees during routine 221S7.KEP 1 2 R007734 Clavton Environmental Consultants, Inc. maintenance and building renovation activities. A brief summary of these precautions are provided in Appendix D. Based on the results of this assessment, we recommend that the forementioned surveillance and c^trols be implemented whenever employees are engaged in activities such as those described above involving any asbestos-containing materials. These materials are identified and described in Section 4.4 of this report. 2.2.3 Renovation /Demolition The U.S. EPA requires that asbestos-containing materials (1 percent or greater asbestos content) be removed prior to demolition of a building. During renovation and demolition operations, materials may be uncovered which are different from those accessible for sampling during this assessment. Additional sampling to identify asbestos-containing materials may be necessary during these activities. Personnel in charge of renovation or demolition should be alerted to note materials uncovered during these operations which differ substantially from those included in this assessment. Additional sampling should be performed to determine the composition of the materials. 2.2.4 Additional Analytical Work i Analysis of floor tiles and other resinously bound materials by the EPA technique (PUM) may yield false negative results because of method limitations in separating closely-bofind fibers and in detecting fibers of small length and diameter. When analysis of such materials by the EPA technique yields negative results for the presence of asbestos, Clayton recommends utilizing confirmatory methods of identifications, such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We recommend TEM analysis for the samples collected from the following material: 12-by-12-inch orange and brown floor tiles in the storeroom Roofing material 3.0 STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards and guidelines apply to employees. The OSHA asbestos standard mandates a permissible exposure limit (PEL) of 0.2 fibers (longer than 5 micrometers per cubic centimeter of air (f/cc) determined as an 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA)* and an excursion limit of 1 f/cc as a 30-minute TWA. The OSHA action level is 0.1 f/cc, the level at which medical monitoring and other activities are required. Under its AHERA regulations for schools, the EPA recommends performing clearance air sampling after a response action involving asbestos-containing materials. The EPA's clearance criteria are based on statistical comparison of airborne asbestos concentrations inside a work area against those outside the work area. Where phase-contrast microscopy (PCM) is an acceptable analytical method, the EPA has recommended 0.01 f/cc as a limit for airborne fiber concentrations. In addition to these exposure criteria, the U.S. EPA National Emissions Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPS) (40 CFR 61, Subparts A and M) must also be followed during any maintenance or renovation activities which might disturb the asbestos-containing materials. 22U7.REP 3 R007735 Clavton Environmental Consultants, Inc. The state of California also has specific regulations regarding asbestos. California standards for the workplace are issued primarily by the Division of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH). Specific asbestos requirements are contained in Title 8 of the California Code of Regulations (CCR) and in the California Health and Safety Code. Effective January 1. 1989, an addition to the California Health and Safety Code mandated by AB 3713 requires building owners to provide written notice to employees and other persons concerning specific matters related to asbestos. The EPA has limited the asbestos content of some materials to 1 percent, however, asbestos has not been eliminated from all manufactured building materials. Therefore, the age of a building or remodeling project cannot be the basis for assuming that a material does not contain asbestos. 4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 SOURCES OF INFORMATION During the course of the assessment, the following individual provided information or assistance to the Clayton investigator: Name Mark Halloran Affiliation Biomedical Applications The information supplied to Clayton during the course of this project were assumed to be complete, true, and correct and were relied upon by the Clayton investigator. The findings presented herein must be reviewed giving due regard that the assessment, inspection, and sampling procedures contain inherent limitations, as is the case with any sampling procedure, and were conducted based on observations that were visually apparent at the time of the inspection of the site. 4.2 DESCRIPTION OF BUILDING/BUILDING USE ,, The two-story medical building consists of offices, a storeroom and water treatment room on the first floor, and a break room ^nd dialysis room on the second floor. 4.3 DESCRIPTION OF ASSESSMENT The Clayton investigator inspected each floor of the building for suspect asbestos-containing materials, such as those listed below: Thermal Insulation Pipe wrap Fittings, elbows, joints Duct insulation Heat shields Insulation on chillers, heaters, boilers, and air conditioning units 221S7.REP 4 Clavton Environmental Consultants. Inc. Surfacing Materials Fireproofing Acoustical plaster Decorative plaster Spray-applied insulation Miscellaneous Materials Floor tiles Ceiling tiles Transite, board/pipe . Dry Wall Sampling certain building materials requires destructive techniques. Therefore, the following materials were not sampled during the building assessment: Exterior building materials such as siding Coated wall and ceiling materials such as dry wall tape, and spackling Caulking Gaskets or other similar materials Concrete or cinder block . Pressed wood products \ Two air samples were collected on each floor ^and one sample was collected outside the building. 4.4 RESULTS Our assessment resulted in the collection of samples of materials for testing. As detailed in Appendix A, asbestos was identified in some of the materials we tested Samples were collected from the following materials: ' Roofing material , Floor Tiles Baseboard Thermal System Insulation Linoleum Ceiling Tiles . Dry Wall Sprayed-on Acoustical Treatment Three types of floor tiles were identified as containing chrysotile asbestos in the range of 1% to 3%. These floor tiles were found in good to fair condition and were easily accessible. Two types of linoleum were identified as containing chrysotile asbestos in the range of 2% to 35%. The two types of linoleum were found in good to fair condition and were easily accessible. One type of baseboard was identified as containing 1% chrysotile asbestos. This baseboard was found in good condition and easily accessible. Domestic hot water pipe elbow insulation 22187.REP , R007737 Clayton Environmental Consultants. Inc. located above the 2nd floor false ceiling was identified as containing 10% chrysotile asbestos. This pipe elbow insulation was found in good condition and difficult to access. Sprayed-on acoustical treatment was identified as containing chrysotile asbestos in the range of 10%'to 20% The acoustical treatment was in good condition at the time of the assessment. This material is very accessible to building occupants and therefore has potential for damage. Results of analysis for the air samples collected on March 9, 1989, indicated airborne fiber concentrations ranging from 0.002 to 0.005 f/cc. Fibers were not detected by PCM in the sample collected outside the building (less than 0.001 f/cc). All fiber levels were below the EPA recommended guideline of 0.01 f/cc for clearance after construction activities involving asbestos-containing materials and below the OSHA action level of 0.1 f/cc and OSHA PEL of 0.2 f/cc. Because of the easy friability and accessibility of the sprayed-on acoustical treatment Clayton recommends quarterly air monitoring to document airborne fiber concentrations. This report prepared by: Paula Fell Associate Industrial Hygienist This report approved Cindy J. MueJIer Supervisor, Industrial Hygiene Services Southern California Operations i This report approved Lisa K. Simkins, P.E., C.I.H. Assistant Vice President and Manager Industrial Hygiene Services Western Operations May 26, 1989 221S7.RE? R007738 6 Clavton Environmental Consultants, Inc. APPENDIX A BULK SAMPLING ANALYTICAL RESULTS i i \ \ R007739 Clavton Environmental Consultants, Inc. The tables in Appendix A include the following information: A. Material Sampled A physical description of the material sampled in the assessed building or structure. B. Location of Material in Building The location of the material (e.g., pipe wrap or joint insulation) in the assessed building or structure). C. Amount Asbestos Present The approximate amount of asbestos-containing materials present in the building based on observations, drawings, or other sources of information. D. Condition The condition of the material present, which was subjectively evaluated by the investigator (e.g., good, fair, or poor). E. Accessibility The accessibility to the material is evaluated as follows: * S (Staff-only) -- materials behind locked doors (e.g., boiler rooms) and materials above dropped ceilings (e.g., pipe joint wrap) M (Moderate) -- materials that can be seen but not reached without some effort (e.g., high ceilings) . E (Easy) -- materials within the employees' reach (e.g., low or stairwell ceilings, wrap on pipes) F. Friability The ability of a material, when dry, to be crumbled, pulverised/ or reduced to powder by hand pressure. Friability was subjectively evaluated by the investigator as low, moderate, or high. G. Field Identification The first letters in the column are an abbreviation for the client. The number is the material identification number assigned by the Clayton investigator. At least three representative samples were collected for each type of friable or suspect material sampled as material content is not always uniform. H. Sample Location The physical location where the sample was collected in the assessed building or structure. I. Estimated Percent and Type The numbers indicate the percent of each type of asbestos present in the sample. Percentages are not reported for materials not containing asbestos. R007740 -- Chrysolite ~ Crocidolile = None Delected Chrys Croc ND J ?!|-s! ] * ZQ ] 8 UKOU ]I 5 US0!>-m C s < 2 O lo 6 ] 22 g*8 u5 ]3 U CoaO. ! -25 ]o Z -- rsi s iil V3 S | 2 P- U Q a. -J LU a: 22 zz 22 zZ r-i sj m 22 zZ i JU P tu s> -J ] 09 < H oz 13 ] a. * U.K- J < UU BJ w w V? OJ UOZQ o o w O It H , co* - C-- < -au oo 300 - -J 'jJ LU U- U. V ] 5ca JUZOhl 2j a. &o 8 1 -- Accessibility = Friability = Anionic Access Fri Amos = Diameter *= Square Feel = Condition Dia Sq Ft Cond P = Poor E = Easy C-- 2 8 J 2i 0o..0a _< c U 1 3s> 5 I s iOB m<N 5E i2 = u. o8 'C3O .2 a S M 4 k. O k. k. 8 C--8zo8c_ 8c_ a $ k. =8 g_ * u =8 _i < aLU. <c 1 8 ffl al 1 F F a ir M = M oderate L *= l.o w o 1 a >4) I!-a=s?' ** 1 *0w.=3T"9- & -* =8 Ji<3 3<. -wc o 2 c-- *O -k. -C J 1 2 1 i X>s C *o 0 5s i. 8,1 -A' SeB2o SI * 8. 3au Good Staff O nly High uii Owl R007741 1 ,s2 S8J Chrys C hrysolilc. Ctoc -- Crocidolile N l) = None Dclccietl za 11 y at O (J J USOi^io m V <20 m 'm I2S* g*'S --0 "SE 00 ] taAo :k JO JoO o Z s .i. ] cHJo aU |Q ft. a3cUo: 00 C\ 9 oo ffs Ch O' O 9o fO ci s93 2u o u 2 22 zz z z * y u > asi ]2 O 2 ] 3a. 3co b. OS -- < y U BJ 60 to bj 5 z U yozo b. La y O to O U. f- O-< z Cu w >CsU sOo *<cq ] Ed CD JUZOhS 1 = Accessibility Friability -- Amosile Access Fri Amos = Diameter = Square Feet -- Condition Dia Sq F l Cond Poor" Easy ]6 C w ' I j II "q. CO a V 2* -T3 HI <_ m 2 fl .2 CfDl ] s 3 8 Aola. at<u. |a l a-- 1 OJ a 8 P E F Fair" M M oderate L * Low 1 1 I >g ? a g.2 -- 8 1121 1 8 C I Is la ^?>% c! fl -O CD 8 J.S 2 = Vauo c Good Staff O nly H ig h <e I I I O co X R007742 > gil -2 #in z a i + 8 USiOU 1 U s etf > vt 3 u IisI ! -- w2 zS<s 3 Z S al =2 U a a. < 2 O to x 8 -i v uQ. a E 8 u 3 u 3 O.O os s> o L U o Li u 2 Z z2 2 Z ' z2 2z z2 z2 XK_ -I - 2222222 <J O Z Q O o c o o o o CO O tt.fr" a- < J W Z O fr- s -O o cwi ^/2 i2 O 5J n ii ii y 0z 80 |.2 2c <x| 1 ii i <8o tCt2. <c b tt. 3 B 1 1 2 i- s Qv)U H tl U a co BULK SAMPLINO A N A LY TIC A L RESULTS 11 <oa.. Maoe *0o *m<s b. 0 ~ cl -a >-4! ois 1=11 S.S-5 * 3 8 s Ou 08- CU a =i s CQ .2 o CL < tt u a. tU * 3 8 c 13= ca u ca y s m M30U woo3 3 8S M 0 1 eo _ 0e _ so _ eo . o - o -- o _ 2 o S S.B *S2. a S9.S5 S.BS i sa C2COL W5 c2CoL S c2ao rv c2So. 5U CL 03 - u O *! u. 2 na u. 2 a % 8. 2 O 0 to X 1gg O to s R007743 . ' -si Ul zo UiOU I u s as >* co u 22 3*8 *S 5u g sN Z2 N o Z <20h 5 CL B .a 3o o as j2 a k> 9 tJ >W 30 < < CN -- *g U = -5 - ill w wz U U II '8^ *w z s al. Q 5U dS a2. * o 9o noo f33+i U wo 2 2 22 22 ZZ 2. Z Z -r i SO .3 -- > 8 = 3 ; i z Bj < - <! i u U.BS- -J -J CZ II I s J p > J i 1o z Z3 CL. < U (J (U <o co UOZQ co O U. H UJ UJ K2 2 2 o a O Lb O oQo\ V) CL >a0. l-1 UZB <i< u 1 CO Q -- < u 5 03 JOZOt-I HI 3 3 8. 5 CO 3 II d II 1 O= cco Oo 83 ec s _ T3 T3 3 II s <? o. a *g --m 3 1 3|a 22 8 2 V U. seO ffl u o ce UU 8 C> i << 85 o aka. < a. til II It eu Lb a. 33 CQ S 1 8 l5 Udd u tt. 2 j 1a a s uu 0- 3 a 1 sa y'Issa in Si III -|h <35ll u ec s *3 B s i = IS I u 3 S. & .2 ^ oK B 2 5a 3 is o TS* hi T .5 <A = i ?! o & 8 US "5. OH8 fmw*l* II CQ Q cs 8 w cs o Q ac ] R007744 ] I I I tt ] -J 09 < j J m J ] 1 ] 1 1 >g O s u |i =2 # S e V S A. n r*i -- S g o' b V cl3 n;z o oo in_" --_~ O 6 u C: g i- 2 W '^ 6U II u u -[DI --V c5 B <2 30 < y * -- < V Vi Am ro a <" co r(Ns Z oo h2 fSurij <*Nr. oas a. > < 2 z o H >- 2cs ^ >5 stO*o1' 8I1 0c 1 Teoui3i to e a8 8O wu ha h0a e 0 V) CJ 81 os sa tmo 29 00 00 00 ob 00 o <o*l no foO rot 2 2222 = i 8eC B 1 3 ?QO l R0077A5 22I87.TBL Clavton Environmental Consultants. Inc. APPENDIX C ANALYTICAL METHOD i t \ R007746 Clavton Environmental Consultants, Inc. METHOD OF ANALYSIS FOR BULK ASBESTOS USING POLARIZED LIGHT MICROSCOPY (PLM) When a bulk asbestos sample is received, several representative portions of the sample are removed and put into a labeled petri dish. The sample parts are examined through a stereobinocular microscope and fibers are extracted using forceps. These extracted fibers are then placed on a microscope slide and mounted using a refractive index solution [high dispersion (HD) Cargille liquid). After being mounted, the fibers are identified using PLM, supplemented by dispersion staining1. After fiber identification by PLM, an estimation is made as to the percentage (area) composition of asbestos. The estimated percentages are based on size, number, shape, and density of each of the components, and comparison to a standard set of samples previously quantitated by the interim Research Triangle Institute (RTI) method2. i i J i 1 McCrone, Walter C., The Asbestos Particles Atlas. Ann Arbor Science Publishers, Inc., 1980. 2 Research Triangle Institute, "Interim Method for the Determination of Asbestiform Minerals in Bulk Insulation Samples.' Page 8 to 12, 1982. R007747 Clayton Environmental Consultants, Inc. SAMPLING AND ANALYTICAL METHOD PHASE-CONTRAST MICROSCOPY (PCM) ACETONE-TRIACET1N Samples for the evaluation of airborne fibers are collected using portable pumps to draw air at measured flow rates through filters. The filters are contained in open-faced cassettes. The filter type is 25-millimeter diameter mixed cellulose ester membrane. Samples are collected with the filter facing downward. Area samples are positioned so that the filter is between 3 and 5 feet above the floor to approximate workers' breathing zone heights. Unless mentioned otherwise in the sample description, all area samples are collected at fixed locations throughout the sampling period. Personal samples are collected using portable pumps worn by the worker, with the cassette in the breathing zone. Each sample is analyzed for fibers using the microscopic technique currently specified by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Manual of Analytical Methods No. 7400. Briefly, the technique consists of the following steps: 1. A wedge-shaped sector of each filter is cut-carefully from the sample and mounted on a standard microscopy slide. The acetone-triacetin technique is used to render the filter transparent. j 2. Fibers (defined as particles having an apparent length to width of three or greater) that are visible on the surface of the film are counted. This is accomplished using a binocular microscope equipped with lOx eyepieces and a 40x objective with phase-contrast illumination. 3. Walton-Beckett recticle fields, selected at random on the sample, are examined. Fibers greater than 5 micrometers in length are counted until either of two conditions is satisfied: (a) A minimum of 100 fibers is counted in 20 or more fields; (b) A minimum of 100 fields is examined. Results of the microscopic analyses are used with field sampling data (measured flow rates and duration of sampling) to calculate the concentrations of airborne fibers corresponding to each sample. The results are expressed in units of fibers greaffer than 5 micrometers in length per cubic centimeter of air (f/cc). 221S7.REF R007748 Clayton Environmental Consultants, Inc. APPENDIX D PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES FOR ROUTINE MAINTENANCE AND REMODELING OPERATIONS .J t R007749 Clayton Environmental Consultants. Inc. PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES FOR ROUTINE MAINTENANCE AND REMODELING OPERATIONS A. Maintenance Activities The following precautions should be taken whenever maintenance activities may potentially disturb or release asbestos fibers. Many of these precautions are required by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA) new asbestos standard contained in the Code of Federal Regulations (29 CFR 1926.58). Maintenance activities should be performed when the affected area is unoccupied. If any asbestos-containing materials have been dislodged during maintenance work, the affected area should be cleaned with a vacuum system equipped with high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters. Accumulations of asbestos dust should be cleaned up with a HEPA vacuum or by wet mopping. Dry sweeping causes fibers to become airborne. Persons performing maintenance work should be monitored to determine their exposures to j asbestos fibers. Maintenance personnel should be provided with and required to wear respirators approved by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). : Each maintenance employee should be trained in the correct use and maintenance of these respirators, evaluated by a physician to determine his or her ability to use a respirator and be fit-tested to determine that the respirator selected will provide adequate protection for that individual. Maintenance workers should receive instruction in the potential health effects of asbestos and in safe work practices, including what precautions to take to minimize disturbance of the asbestos-containing materials. B. Renovation Activities Any plans for building renovation should be carefully evaluated to determine if such activities will involve disturbance of asbestos-containing material; if so, the following precautions should be taken. ** Any work involving 100 square fiet or more of asbestos-containing materials must be performed by a contractor certified'by the Contractors' State License Board and registered by the California Division of Occupational Safety and Health to perform asbestos-related work. The renovation area should be isolated from the remainder of the facility. Typically, this involves the construction of a temporary plastic barrier with an "air lock" for worker entry. Ventilation in the zone should be temporarily isolated (the air movement system between the renovation area and neighboring areas should be shut off) and an exhaust fan should be used to place the renovation area under a slight negative air pressure in relation to the rest of the facility. The fan should exhaust out-of-doors and be equipped with a HEPA filter. R007750 ] 1 I J 1 .] '] 1 :] 1 -Clayton Environmental Consultants, Inc. All persons entering the renovation area should be provided with and required to use NIOSHapproved respirators and disposable coveralls and caps. Requirements for fit-testing and medical evaluation as described above for maintenance workers also apply to renovation workers. Air monitoring should be performed routinely around the perimeter of the renovation are* to ensure that asbestos fibers are not released into other areas of the building. Personal sampling should also be conducted to evaluate potential exposures of renovation workers to asbestos and to determine the type of respiratory protection required. / Construction debris that may contain asbestos must be sealed in impermeable containers, labeled, and disposed in accordance with U.S. EPA and OSHA requirements. Warning signs must be posted around the renovation area. These signs must meet current OSHA requirements. Whenever possible, the asbestos-containing materials should be wetted prior to any disturbance to reduce asbestos fiber emission. Prior to dismantling the barriers at the completion of work, the area should be cleaned thoroughly using wet mops or vacuums with HEPA filters. Clearance air sampling should be conducted at this time to ensure that asbestos concentrations are at or below 0.01 fibers (longer than 5 micrometers) per cubic centimeter of air (f/cc). The 0.01 f/cc limit is the EPA recommended clearance criterion for reoccupancy after construction activities involving asbestos-containing materials. < 1 .i f R007751 Clavton Environmental Consultants. Inc. APPENDIX E TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION < i i J f R007752 Clayton Environmental Consultants. Inc. ASBESTOS Asbestos is a generic term referring to various fibrous mineraJ silicates, including cbrysotile (hydrated magnesium silicate), amosite (iron-magnesium silicate), cyocidolite (sodium-iron silicate), tremolite (calcium-magnesium silicate), anthophyllite (another iron-magnesium silicate), and actinolite (calcium-magnesium-iron silicate). The potential health hazards associated with exposure to asbestos result from inhaling the airborne fibers. Small asbestos fibers can pass readily through the upper respiratory tract and be deposited in the terminal bronchioles of the lung. Once there, they can produce a local irritation, which the body attempts to overcome by initiating a tissue response. This response includes encapsulation of the fibers and consequent formation of "asbestos bodies." Asbestos fibers are the causative agents in cases of asbestosis, a progressive disease characterized by diffuse interstitial fibrosis, and, at times, pleural changes of fibrosis and calcification. Clinical signs of asbestosis include rales and dyspnea. In its severe form, asbestosis can contribute to, and result in, death by inhibiting the body's ability to obtain oxygen, and the heart's ability to pump blood through the asbestos-scarred lungs. Exposure to airborne asbestos fibers has also been associated with bronchogenic carcinoma; (a malignancy of the interior of the lung), mesothelioina (a diffuse malignancy of the lining; of the chest cavity or abdomen), and cancer of the itomach, colon, and rectum. Cigarette smoking can enhance the incidence of bronchogenic carcinoma. In order to protect workers from such occupational hazards, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has established a permissible exposure limit of 0.2 fibers (longer than 5 micrometers) per cubic centimeter of air (f/cc) as an 8-hour, time-weighted average (TWA) concentration limit. This OSHA standard also specifies an action level of 0.1 f/cc of air averaged over an 8-hour workday and an excursion limit of 1 f/cc over a 30 minute period. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has recommended an 8-hour, TWA exposure limit of 0.1 f/cc, with a peak concentration limit of 0.5 f/cc based on a 15-minute sampling period. The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists'(ACGIH) has adopted 8- hour, TWA threshold limit values (TLVs), which vary according to the type of asbestos. They are listed as follows: t Ainosite: Chrysotile: Crocidolite: Other forms: 0.5 f/cc 2.0 f/cc 0.2 f/cc 2.0 f/cc ACGIH lists all forms of asbestos under the category of human carcinogens. R007753 BMA Lot Angeles South Bay Dialysis Unit 1123 West Carson Street Torrance. CA 90502 213-320-4093 To: Larry Park From: Kathy Smith Date: July 20, 1989 Re: Asbestos Monitoring Memorandurr cc: E.M. Lowrie G. Swett The Governing Body met yesterday and discussed the recommendations of Clayton Environmental for monitoring asbestos levels in the L.A. unit. It was decided to have the air sampling done quarterly for a period of one year after which we will reevaluate the frequency of further testing. I am making the arrangements for air testing directly with the Clayton group. We are also interested in hearing from you regarding the asbestos nenagement program recommended by the W.R.,Grace people of New York. Do jnot hesitate to call if you have any questions. We will keep you informed of any developments. Thank you. R007754