Document ZV7BxkLbwYjnKQmbEm4Z4qnd

HEATING VENTILATING AIR CONDITIONING GUIDE 1942 The lower limit of si2e of particle visible to the naked eye cannot be stated definitely. It depends not only upon the individual, but also upon the shape and color of the particle and upon the intensity of light. Under Fig. 1. Sizes and Characteristics of Air-Borne Solids ideal conditions a particle 10 microns, or even less, may be recognized, while under less favorable conditions it may be difficult or even impos sible to recognize a particle of 50 microns. The lower limit of visibility should, therefore, be considered as within a range (as above) or optimum conditions stated. 562 CHAPTER 28. AIR POLLUTION Mineral particles, such as grains of sand, bits of rock, volcanic ash, or fly-ash, can be transported long distances under unusual circumstances. Thus, the dust storms of 1935 in the Kansas district resulted in vast amounts of fine top soil being thrown high into the air. Solar illumination ( li 1 IXUA*IO-I--A---I-E--- TC---------- Ut OIWOLK OUAAShLh AND VAPORS IN Air at Ordinary Temperatures and Pressures3 Gas ob Vapor Lower Limit Higher Loot Volume in Volume In Per Cent Per Cent , Gas oe Vapor Loner Limit Higher Limit Volume in Volume in Per Cent Per Cent Acetaldehyde.--....'..... Acetone.--.....-............ Acetoneb...................... Acetylene................ --Acetylene1'.................. Allyl alcohol............ . Ammonia.................. Amyl alcohol------ ----- Amyl chloride--....... Amylene........ ;............. Benzene.--.......... -....... Benzine........................ Blast-furnace gas......... Butane-------------- ----Butyl acetate (30 C).... Butyl alcohol... ........... Butylene..................... Carbon disulphide....... Carbon monoxide....... Croton aldehyde_____ Cyclohexane.............. Cyclopropane............. Decane....... ............... Dichlorethylene.......... Diethyl selenide.......... Dioxan....... ......... ........ Ethane........................ Ethyl acetate.............. Ethyl alcohol.:............ Ethyl bromide............. Ethyl chloride____ ... Ethylene dichloride.... Ethylene.................... Ethyl ether.................. Ethyl formate.... ........ Ethyl nitrite............... Ethylene oxide........... Furfural (125 C)--.... Gasoline.................. -- Heptane...................... 4.0 3.0 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.4 16.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.4 1.1 35.0 1.9 1.7' 1.7 1.7 1.2 12.5 2.1 1.3 2.4 0.7 .9.7 2.5 2.0 3.2 20 3.3 6.7 40 6.2 3.0 1.8 2.7 3.0 3.0 2.1 1.4 1.0 57.0 13.0 80.0 27.0 6.7 74.0 8.4 7.6 9.0 50.0 74.0 15.5 8.3 10.3 12.8 22.0 12.5 11.5 19.0 11.2 14.8 15.9 29.0 36.5 16.5 80.0 . 6.5 | Hexane...........,.......... 1.2 Hydrocyanic acid--.... 5.6 Hydrogen_____ 4.1 Hydrogen sulphide__ 4.3 Illuminating gas........ 5.3 Iso-amyl alcohol........ 1.2 Iso-butane.................. 1.8 Iso-butyl alcohol....... 1.8 Iso-pentane................ 1.3 Iso-propyl acetate..... 1.8 Iso-propyl alcohol..... Methane..................... 2.6 5.3 Methaneb................... 5.0 Methyl acetate-........ .3.1 Methyl alcohol--........ ' 6.7 i Methyl bromide......... 13.5 MethylbutyJ ketone.... 1.2 Methyl chloride......... 8.0 Methyl cyclohexane-- 1.2 Methyl ethyl ether, 2.0 Methyl ethyl ketone.. 1.8 Methyl formate.-------- 5.0 Methyl propyl ketone 1.5 Natural gas................ 4.8 Nonane............. -..... . 0.8 Octane--.................. -- 0.9 o-Xylene..................... 1.0 Paraldehyde............... 1.3 Pentane.--.................. 1.4 Propane...................... 214 Propyl acetate--...... 1.8 Propyl alcohol............ 2.5 Propylene................... 2.0 Propylene dichloride-. 3.4 Propylene oxide......... 2.1 Pyridine (70 C)._........ 1.8 Toluene...... ..... .......... 1.3 Vinyl ether._____ ___ 1.7 Vinyl chloride............. 4.0 Water gas................... 6 to 9 6.9 40.0 74.0 45.5 31.0 8.4 7.8 14.0 15.0 15.5 36.0 14.5 8.0 19.0 10.1 10.0 23.0 8.5 13.5 6.0 7.8 9.5 8.0 11.1 14.5 21.5 12.4 6.7 27.0 22.0 55 to 70 Wm!mH^LIn^T79b ms?' GaSCS a"d VaPOrS' ty H- R Coward and G. W. Jones (U. S. Bureau of ^Turbulent mixture. -------,--------------- VW ItttgL. 09 Ik to 50 microns were actually carried half way across the continent before they settled out. In similar manner volcanic ash has been carried ever further. It is not surprising, therefore, that fly-ash from furnace gases, cement dust and the like, can be carried for considerable distances and 563