Document ZJzX5En8BMeyp13ZYZXgEMqG7

FILE NAME: Ford (FD) DATE: 1977 July DOC#: FD136 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Summary of Asbestos Workshop - ---- ""?.S3SS~03 W5RKSH0? IN REVIEW - JULY 18-20. 1977 NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS ATTACHMENT 1 Page 1 of 2 The workshop was organized to discuss a definition of asbestos and suitable measurement methods for regulating against asbestos health hazards, prior to the issuance of a standard. Four hundred persons from the mining industry, . asbestos manufacturing, U.S. and Canadian health agencies, and medical and research facilities attended the workshop. The National Bureau of Standards concluded in May from analysis cf 80 induatrial samples that OSKA' 3 present techniques for analyzing for asbestos in industr a talc is useful only for determining fiber content and not asbestos content. This and other unresolved issues were discussed at the workshop. Divergence opinion was expressed in two camps: U.S. Government Agencies and Medical represent atives v.s. Industry and the U.S. Geological Survey. The Bureau will consider these viewpoints in making its final report to OSHA. ^ Significant segments of the proceedings inolude the following: Mearl Stanton. National Cancer Institute Cancer-causing danger of fibrous materials is related to fiber dimension. Greatest carcinogenicity came from fibers with dimensions that were equal to or less than .25 by more than 8 . Smaller^fibers were controlled by phagocytes* in the body. Knowledge on why long fibers are^ carcinogenic is presently inadequate. Continued effort must ce done on inhalation studies to allow extrapolation to human experience in understanding the effects of asbestos. 011437 Paul Kotin, Johns-Manville Corporation. Denver Exposure to Asbestos under the present standard level does not result inevitably in lung cancer, mesothelioma or asbestosis. There is no such thing as a single threshold for a carcinogen but a series of thres holds can be identified. Nothing rules out a dose-response relationship for asbestos. William Nicholson, Arthur Langer. Mt. Sinai/Hosoital- N.Y. Thresholds exceed present scientific capability. Excesses of lung cancer and mesothelioma from mortality studies were cited from job related asbestos exposure. In one study spouses, children and other family members of workers in an amosite asbestos factory were studied for asbestos related disease. Out of 626 persons, approximately one-third were found to have abnormal lung -raya. * phagocyte - white blood corpuscles that ingest and destroys organisms or particulates that result in disease. PRODUCED BY FORD Asbestos Workshop in Review ATTACHMENT 1 Page 2 of 2 M alcolm Rosa. U.S. Geological Survey According to^the P - e n ^ O S H A definition ble forgqirrying for crushed stone, mental health threat from such Sffecis!0n?het^ 6 S o ^ H (National9Institute adverse health ^ tfl%0T^ Paul Gross. Medical University of S. Carolina not been cited. Animal studies which have produced tumors by inhalation have The conference c o n c M e d with presentation* available analytical methods and counting techniques u of the workplace contaminants. Studies have " phase contrast and optical (TIM) transmission electron microscopy, thermo-analysis, phase coniras^ * microscopy. ' . Proceedings will be published and sent to all those who attended. Mdtional^copies mayPbe ordered through the National Bureau of Standards. 011438 C. B. Zelek Vehicle Materials Engineering August, 1977 PRODUCED BY FORD ATTACHMENT 2 Page 1 of 2 Countries Swedan Norway Holland Japan Brazil Foreign Positions Presented at International Asbestos Association Meeting Internal Report from the Executive Committee April 13-15, 1977 London, England Present 1 Fiber/cc 2 Fiber/cc Proposed Additional ,5 Fiber/cc by Jan 1, I978 8 cases of mesothelioma among insulation mechanics. See additional Cases in Sweden used as basis for judgement Asbestos substitutes to be instituted Blue Asbestos(Crocidolite) to be banned Brake linings to be pre-fabri cated. No grinding or drilling to be permitted. Employment of smokers to be prohibited. Smoking prohibited in Asbestos areas 5 Fiber/cc No standard 2 Fiber/cc Regulation under discussion since 1575 Selective prohibition effec-: ' tive in one year Advisory committee being established. Not expected to go to ,5 fibcr/cc No standard forseen for 5-6 years Vokers subjected to a "polluted environment" earn a 20% pay . increase. 0^439 PRODUCED BY FORD Vehicle Materials Engineering May, 1977 ATTACHMENT 2 Page 2 of 2 Countries Belgium Present Proposed France 2 Fiber/cc 2 Fiber/cc U. K 2 Fiber/cc -goal progress to wards objectives Additional April 1st TV Show Interviews conducted with a balanced segment of industry Working group set-up to study Asbestos Trade Union FGTB recommends 0.1 std on all types of Asbestos Present indication 2 Fiber/cc std. will be used in the future. Meetings to be held British Trade Union Congress has called for the eventual ban of asbestos and for substitutes to undergo scrutiny British workers are "put off" by the Trade Union moves. Advanced committee on Asbestos January statement-further research is needed before recommendations can be made. Canada 2 Fiber/cc In the process of tightening Asbestos stds. Observing U.S. Reaction 0ii44e Vehicle Materials Engineering May 1977 PRODUCED BY FORD KSLSEY-HAYES THICK OL lUrBESTOS . Brake Pads Linings 4 DrumB . ..ATTACHMENT 3 ASHtSTOS SUPPLIER POSITIONS -COMPLIANCE TO ST AIT)ARTS 011441 ?/ W sJ -S KO YES .Bonding instead of riveting .Eliminate Criuding-Molded approach being considered '.Industrial Hygiene Measuros .No immediate plans for automation .$300,000 to comply plus $110,000 annually Front Disc Pads Rear Disc Pads YES NO YLj Process change from compression to injection . molding-$1.2 million investment-vould require requalification .Non-asbestos substitute presently available-one year lead time for vehicle testing required Clutch Facings YES HO NO .Industrial Hygiene measures to approach 1 fiber/cc .Alternative Raw Materials being consideredglass, mineral wool, combination of fiber .All R&D focused on non-asbestos products AIMA Clutch disc ass'y friotion facingB YES NO YES --.All personnel wearing head hood filters 100% of the time GENERAL INDUSTRIES Washers DICKTEN and MASCH Reactor H. K. PCHTER THSKMOID DIV. Clutch Disc Shoe Lining Ass'y-Front and Rear NO NO NO YES NO NO YES NO YES BEND DC Shoe + Lining YES NO YES AKVIN Muffler Wrap YES NO YES Catalytic Converter Seal JOHNS-MANVILLE Raw Material Asbestos Fiber NO NO NO Will cease operations if forced to accept standards .Will stop manufacture of asbestos products if forced to accept standard Fall 76 presentation on non-asbe3tos clutch facings to Ford-negative response-cost equivalent .Ability to coat facings to reduce fiber/cc level at no extra cost .Standard of .1 will prohibit asbestos usage .Brake substitutes increase weight and cost-one year lead time .1.5 million to meet 1 Fiber/cc limit .5.5 million and 1-3 yrs to meet .5 fiber limit .Impossible to meet .1 level Semi-metallic disc brakes asbestos-free backing to be completed by fall cost increment 1.2-1.6 x weight increment 1.8 x _ Fiberglass linings on drum-good in lab, not so good on road .Critical issue-no product for drum brakes-19'90-81 model year projection .Wet sanding & grinding could be instituted .Compliance to .5 fiber/cc level thru elimination of asbestos in the muffler wrap assembly -Planned change to fiberglass by 1978 -No present alternate for Converter Seal .In almost all operations 5 fiber/cc .By January 1979 2 Fiber/cc in all but 30 stations -Guidelines in effect in Quebec not as severe as U.S -Studies indicate 2 fiber/cc to be a safe level PRODUCED BY FORD a/ compliance to present 2 fiber/cc std. b / present ccmollance to proposed .5 fiber/cc std. <*/ . k n u - ^ > * VEHICLE MATERIALS ENGINEERING . JUNE, 1977