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GRADE 'A" PASTEURIZED MILK ORDINANCE 1965 Recommendations of the United States Public Health Service c 0. eMf-: ' 179^ * U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE Public Health Service Bureau of Disease Prevention and Environmental Control National Center for Urban and Industrial Health Environmental Sanitation Program DSW 379439 STLCOPCB4100211 g equipment has increased the table will indicate the volumes ng diameters: , followed by wash-and-rinse -third the usual milking-time ide the "take up" of collecting waning, and similar milkroom sand of the individual milking t not less than the minimum i should be made aware of the is Impossible without adequate a supply which exceeds their horbages and allows for normal ^commendations on hot water allable from power companies, -gents, and State universities. . powered by gasoline or diesel dm, or In any communicating aam. Such equipment is charcharge of fumes. The spaces uently become gathering places :ve planning, these engines and detriment to their performance, Lra or milkhouse. le efficient withdrawal of milk or causing injury to the udder, oducers a cost which has been ostitis has been found to pose ead of these is a gastrointestinal zralns of staphylococci. :ionship exists between mastitis are known about mastitis, it is by use of mechanically sound The National Mastitis Council ae which (1) maintains a stable te for completely milking most * tissues of the teat by excessive ........ 1 ^ i , APPENDIX B 97 stretching and ballooning, (3) produces massage without harsh action, and (4) is designed so that the entire system can be sanitized efficiently and satisfactorily. The Council considers proper milking procedure to include the following: (1) before the milking unit is applied to the udder the operator takes 30 seconds to prepare the cow In the recommended manner to obtain milk letdown, and the milking machine should be applied immediately thereafter, (2) the teat cups are attached in a manner to limit the volume of air drawn into the system, (3) the teat cups are positioned as low on the teats as practicable, (4) the operator stays near the machine and, at the end point of milk removal, the claw Is briefly pulled down to open the teat cavity and remove the strippings. Stripping by machine should not extend over a period of more than 15 to 20 seconds. Prolonging stripping can be injurious to the udder, (5) before removing the machine, the vacuum to the teat cups is broken and the cups removed in a gentle manner, (6) to avoid over-milking, the operator should limit the number of machines in use. Two bucket type units, two movable pipeline units, or three fixed units, in a Walk-through barn usually represent maximum workloads with conventional milking systems. Hooded, or small-mouthed pails may be used for carrying only that milk which has been drawn into them by hand-milking. Their extended use as carrying palls Is considered hazardous in view of their inability to be covered or otherwise protected from flies, dust, splash, etc. . INSECT AND RODENT CONTROL The complete,elimination of flies from the farm premises Is practically un attainable. However, a major reduction of fly infestation is obtainable by the dairy farm operator who conscientiously follows a sustained program of sanita tion, screening, and the proper use of insecticides. The milk producer or plant operator must be continually aware of the potential (hazard to men and animals which is inherent in most pesticides. It is important , that he employ only those pesticides which are recommended by competent authority for the insect and rodent problems he seeks to overcome, and that he follow implicitly the manufacturer's directions for their use. Questions on the | use of pesticides should be referred to the supervising health authority and/or county agricultural agent. U.S. Department of Agriculture Publication Nos. 270 and 283, and Agriculture Handbook No. 120 of the Agricultural Research Service and Federal Extension Service, also provide additional information on____ this subject. Effective rodent control, like Insect control, is dependent on sanitation for much of its success. The careful elimination of trash and woodpiles; the rodent proofing of feed bins, corn cribs, and similar structures; the prompt removal of spilled feed and manure to places of ultimate disposition; and the deliberate elimination of protected harborage areas in farm buildings, all tend to discourage rodents near the dairy farm. Such a program also pays excellent dividends in feed savings, lowered maintenance costs for farm buildings, reduced fire hazards, and lessened risk of disease outbreaks among farm animals. In recent years, anticoagulant poisons (Warfarin--Fumarin, etc.) have offered improved means of controlling rodents on the farm. Used according to directions--and with due precaution against their consumption by domestic animals--these chemicals help keep the rodent population in check while ad ditional preventive programs are instituted. DSW 379440 STLCOPCB4100212 470 JOURNAL OP THE aoac (Vol. 54, No. 2, 1971) 29. PESTICIDE RESIDUES ' (1) The genera! method for pesticide residues, 29.001-29.027, was adopted official final action for BIIC, p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDT, lindane, methoxychlor, p,p'-TDE, and o,p'-DDT in dairy products. (2) The run-in head of the fourth paragraph of 29.014 was changed to read: "(a) Calculation for fruits and vegetables." (3) The following method for extracting dry or low moisture products with a mixture of water and acetonitrile, JAOAC 50, 623 (1967), 51, S92 (1968), was added to the general method for pesticide resi dues, 29.001-29.027: 29.009(e) Dry or low moisture products, e.g., hays.--Grind sample to pass No. 20 sieve. Add 350 ml 35% II2O-CH3CN (350 ml H2O dild to 1 L with CH3CN) to 20-50 g sample in blender (if larger sam ple is required add enough addnl extn mixt. to wet sample and permit thoro blending). (Caution: See 46.004 and 46.043.) Blend 5 min at high speed, and proceed as in (b), "Filter with suction . . ." Transfer <250 ml filtered ext (record vol. (F)) to 1 L sepa rator. 29.014(b) Calculations for dry or low moisture prod ucts, e.g., hays.--Calc, g sample in Florisil column eluate as in fruits and vegetables, (a), except T -- total vol. (ml H2O in sample + ml 35% H20CH3CN added -- correction in ml for vol. contrac tion). If H20 content of sample is <10%, disregard and use vol. of extg mixt. as T. (4) The general method for pesticide residues, 29.001-29.027, was adopted official first action for aldrin, BIIC, p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDT, endrin, heptachlor, lindane, methoxychlor, and p,p'-TDE in barley, corn meal, hay, oats, popcorn, and wheat, and for carbophenothion, Diazinon, ethion, malathion, methyl parathion, parathion, and ronnel in barley, broccoli, cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, cu cumbers, grapes, green peppers, mustard greens, oats, potatoes, squash, tomatoes, turnips, turnip greens, and wheat. (5) The following method for determination of BIIC, p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDT, p,p'-TDE, dieldrin, and heptachlur epoxide in fish, JAOAC 53, 1300 (1970), was adopted official first action (method be comes part of general method for pesticide residues, 29.001-29.027): 29.010(e) Fish.--(Caution: See 46.004, 46.011, 46.039, and 46.073.) Weigh 25-50 g thoroly ground and mixed sample into high-speed blender. (If fat content is known or can be estd, adjust sample size so that max. of ca 3 g fat will be extd.) Add 100 g anhyd. Na2S04 to combine with H20 present, and disintegrate sample. Alternately blend and mix with spatula until sample and Na2S0< are well mixed. Scrape down sides of blender jar and break up caked material with spatula. Add 150 ml pet ether and blend at high speed 2 min. Decant supernatant pet ether thru 12 cm buchner, fitted with 2 sharkskin papers, into 500 ml suction flask. Scrape down sides of blender jar and break up caked material with spatula. Re-cxt residue in blender jar with two 100 ml portions pet ether and blend 2 min each time. (After blending 1 min, stop blender, scrape down sides of blender jar, and break up caked material with spatula; con tinue blending 1 min.) Scrape down sides of blender jar and break up caked material between extns. Decant supernatant pet ether from repeat blendings thru buchner and combine with first ext. After last blending, transfer residue from blender jar to buch ner, and rinse blender jar and material in buchner with several portions pet ether. Pour combined exts thru 40 X 25 mm od column of anhyd. Na2SC>4 and collect eluate in 500 ml Kuderna-Danish concen trator with plain tube. Wash flask and column with small portions pet ether and evap. most of pet ether from combined exts and rinses in Kuderna-Danish concentrator. Transfer fat soln to tared beaker, using small amts pet ether. Evap. pet ether at steam bath temp, under current of dry air to obtain fat. When pet ether is completely removed, wreigh and record wt of fat extd. Record wt of fat taken for cleanup. ((Wt fat for cleanup/wt fat extd) X wt original sample = wt sample analyzed.) If it is known that <3 g fat will be extd from particular sample, do not isolate and weigh fat before CII3CN partitioning. Detn is then on basis of wt of original sample. Proceed as in general method, 29.001-29.027, beginning with 29.011, with addition of following parenthetical phrase to 29.011 after "combine all exts in the 1 L separator" (line 10): (If experience with particular sample indicates that cleanup may not be sufficient, perform parti tioning as follows: Drain CIT3CN phase from first partitioning into second 125 ml separator contg 15 ml pet ether, shake vigorously 1 min, let layers sep., and drain CII3CN into 1 L separator contg 650 ml II20, 40 ml satd NaCl soln, and 100 ml pet ether. Pass CII3CN phase from each of 3 addnl partitionings thru same 15 ml pet ether in 125 ml separator. Shake vigorously each time and combine exts in 1 L separator.) ' . : j ! | i i * : ; 1 ! CHANGES IN METHODS 30. SPICES AND OTIIEI (1) The official first action i mination of volatile oil in m 30.024, was adopted official fir (2) The following spectroph the determination of extract: and paprika oleoresins, JAOA adopted official first action: Extractable Color--OHi< (Applicable to paprika and 30.A01 Appa (a) Spectrophotometer.--Cap measuring A at 460 nm and stoppered cells. (b) Sid color soln.--Dry Co 1 week in desiccator over Drio K2Cr207 and 34.960 g dried l.S.U II2SO4 and dil. to 1 L wi 1 cm cell at 460 11m = 0.600. 30.A02 (a) Paprika.--Use ground j: capsicums to pass No. 40 sii weighed sample contg 70-100 i 100 ml vol. flask, dil. to vo stopper tightly. Shake flask a room temp, in dark. Shake particles settle 2 min. Transf spectrophtr cell with 10 ml pi] Dot. A of sample at 460 1 blank. Det. A of std color soln : 112SO4 as blank. (b) Oleoresin.--Weigh, to n mg sample on 5 cm square paper with sample in 100 ml vc with acetone. Ext > 15 min wi Transfer, with 10 ml pipet, It 100 ml vol. flask and dil. to vo dild ext thru Whatman No. discard first 10-15 ml filtrate, trate into cell and measure A tone as blank. 30.A03 To correct for instrument ar; correction factor = If = 0.60< nm. Redet. Ij each time spe< Range of A should be 0.30 A > 0.70 with acetone to^o exts with A < 0.30 and ext la ASTA color value for paprika = [(Ac,i at 460 nm) f <. DSW 379441 STLCOPCB4100213