Document ZJQ0VnR0Re8jQYKn2EYMaKmw7

LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION, INC III MAOISOM AVIMUS . NfWYOftK t7#NV. 4 : t4 ' * ` ** .T ftgffcir 86, 206ft ;&?<' .; - J af-^ : -. - * ..' ' ..' _ - ... ' ;)?*'. -f. ' . V, \ . . >.>. .a. .'-. ^ r. ' to Mm of tfco laoltfc and Rafaty Camittoat belMtt for foor Information U tbo aatarlil c m tki BqpaeM Riawrcfc frocna premia*! Vjr Or. o4 ovallabla to M by klm. . :? A w 1 bollm UM MtnUl U a#lf-ailaaataT7; M Sr. Radtka *111 totiW}nr'iMtiM aad amd you oMltloeol Infon*Ucn if jroo orito r o o l U kla>...... ->. . ."--u "V ' - 4. pn&fV-# j - tfV*- ~ . CM I.K.f. RMMnk 8l*aaV la tha InUot laaoa of ttxla raport. V jem trlafr ooyioa of iaUri&ml rapocta cc papara naatfaBod la;tta Myrt; - Slaaao eenftoet na AlrocUy and X will aoo tfent yon aat ttm. . ? ,4s*" 111 Nmnk (raWrt u> tin briaM --------------- for min by oar Matir aaaocutaa oa.Mnt.,^ iffe*. +iv # 'v-#* ( C <-*$$ ~t ?*. ' \i J',;;*' > 4''"'4^^ ; Taty traly years, 0 f* * ? ^V^SaawuE^' ' :/i"5 .^ > ' i-i ' tea. 4f. V?' , oat Sr. X. *. UMattf ,3. aaot Smrottaa rrooauraa( BV, AU, UA (toatnwtloM to CoBtrMtoa)j ' f/w/61 . - 'V- Acrocatnt '' * * S-tniAri Ofn\.lnt frooauAr*, &T, J00.196a Btr HaaMmli Slnao Ro 10 (oatobar 1. 1?6>) i-:. N 343.01 AU-UA BCPAJOO RESUKS MOORS* Aatrleu lac lulltut* LMd ladu*trl A**ocl*tloa 292 Mrtlaon Arm* fir Torts 17, Snr tork Dr. C. f. Mtto ^ '-V 1 'V w ns&uci viotsa no. 10 Octob*r 1, 1962 F i^ W iP w w w &v, ; _ tas .> *.: iV... -as MFtir i-ff(lHiii`iintfT* # r* Tcmi rasBua piggsr An-m Exmrgs k k s z a b o ! ps o o r ah z nmoDucnc* t a b ix op oowrorts n USAD RE3ZAK3 PJCORAX A. Xata-lluntlcal Prograa* 1. lX-* A Study of Laad Bm Alloy* 2. IX-7 Laad Aateitoa pads for Wbratloo Attaouatloe 3. IX-8 Pund*ent*l Inv*rtl*tloc of Ltad Povdar Metallurgy A. IX-9 Imftlgtl^Q of Me1*1 Piter Rtlsforead Lead 5 IX-16 Lead for Sound Attaouatlcs 6. IX-26 Lm4 Powder Claddls* of Steel 7. IX-J1 study of fatigue Crackln* Is Lead sad Is*A Alloy* 6. IX-W Joints* of lead to Lead *nd Otter Substrata* 9. IXA} As Icreetlgetioo of tte Cooearsloa of Particulate Lead to Wrought Tori 10. IX-A6 Metallic l**d aa lubricant 11. IX-67 Drvalopaeat of tte D.H. Ptooaa* . Oxole*! Prograa* 1. LLCC--1lUo A funtaaactt*l study of Orftaolacd flbNlitiy 8. 10-28 Orcasolaed Cteatatxy 3. Io-> Astleorroelv* Properties of load Ptcaaot* Is Water Beduclblt Perroo* Metal Prlaars A. 1C-A9 Lead Ooapousds *a Lubrlcasta sad lubricant AddltlV** : -1 r;: , r.\ ^ i.w*'-' 5. IC-50 Tte 0** of load Plgjaeot* ta Air Bryls* Water " _,Je<lueIbl# Paint# for Wood 6. LC-61 Lead 1s Plwtle* 7. LC-69 Variation of Ataoapbarlc Lead Concentration *sd iyp* VIth Particle Sit* 8. load Is Certutlc feterlala-fwllovahlp Prograa *. IC*11 Bl*b mission Lend Crpounda b. LC-12 L*d OUui for Pbat pirln* kxllil e. LC-1A Pbaee Relationship *ad Physical Propartlaa of Selected Oiraalea Srste## d. LC-19 lent Trapsrature Lead maaela Containing Molybdeoua asd Bleauth Oxide* a. 10-81 Drvalopaeat of load fluxed Otraalo Bodlea f. to-88 fuodaneotal Behavior of load la Olaaaa* 10-83 Study of Perroeleotrlcs Oootalnlte lead Ooapousda b. 10.37 folyaorpba of load told* 1. 10*31 load OUmi for Structural Clay Product* 8 8 8 A 6 6 10 18 1A 15 IT IT 80 so 81 83 P 86 87 80 88 88 88 89 38 38 38 33 33 Prtrxluric>l fnuma ofcxyjatj o* Load * o 8. U-33 Uectrocteelcel Pctertor of load la Tarloua 39 X*dl* Including Cyello Ooodltloaa J. U-)6 Rl(b Speed Platts* of load A. U-A7 Oteatoal Reduction Platte* g 1 npjfniagii1uijtiijjLwjdfiii-fjiinji.ny^ mm1-* ".lupwpwww^w^- ;V4`f <4; iZZbn. *ihk&i -aaiawii 9 "^SPSfi :i TOT KESZAKg DtOBT *21-UA EfrAHDB) RESEARCH pr o o r am TABU or QCOTMIB III cats RESEARCH PROGRAM A. IMtallurgloel Prograa* 1. it1-2 Bcldlng Pover of Oelvenlted TUUs>r< 2. D4-A Improvement of Zlae Lithographic PUUi 3. 2K-5 Eevalopment of Xaproved Zinc Die Oaetlng Allay* V. zx-9 An Investigation of the Zloe-Alualaua fiyatem 5. 04-17 fundamental lureitlgatlon of Zlae To vder 6. -30 tolled Zloe 1b Architecture 7. 04-33 Effect* of Steel Metallurgy Bad Bath Compoeltloe oa Oelvenlted Ooetlng Properties 8. D4-3A *a Inv**tig*tloa of hitituN Spot Welding at Oelvaalted Oerboe Steel 9. D4-A0 A Study of Alternet* Zlae Cladding Froo***** 10. 04-5* Aa Investigation of Bom Propertle* of Itolta* Zlae aad 2lae Alloy* U. 04-56 Study of Flow la 01* Outlet Die* 12. 04-57 Aa Investigation of the Properties of Oalvaaltad Steel at Elevated TMpenturM 1). B-ft Joining of Zlae tut Product* B. Qiemlcal Progress 1. ZC-A2 fundamental Investigation of Zlae Cbeetloal* 2. ZC-69 Zlee la Agriculture 3. 21oc la Ceramic Mterlel* - Fellovahlp Protrem b . ZC-A1 Rib** Btlmtlooehlp* 4 Physical Property HtBeureatata of Zloe Oxide Oysterne h. ZC-*5 Puadaoeetal Study of Zlae Oompotiadt la Olee*** e. ZC-AT Rgraleal 4 Chemical Properties of ZaO Qlas*** for Vltreou* Enamelling 4. ZC-58 Investigation of the Behavior of Zlae Oot^ouad* Coder Elh pressure* *. tC-6j Zloo Perrlte* f. ZC-71 Zlae 0x14* la Structural clay Bodies (. ZC-72 Zlae Oxide la Sever Pip* Olaxe* C. Pectrochemlcal Program* 1. Zi-llA Vel Storage Staining of Oalvaalied Sheet ZZ-llS Vet Storage Btelalag of Oalrenlied Sheet 2. ZE-12 Rev finish** for Zloo Die Oeetlag* 3. ZZ-13 Zlae Anode Installation tor Mtrlaa Tanker* A. ZZ-20 Ourfae* Characteristic* of Zlae la Aqueous Media 5. ZZ-32 Surface Oieracterlatle* of Zloo 6. tl-Jo tvaluatloa of Zleo-Meb Palat 7. ZZ-38 Aa Isveitlgatloo of Pectrocheml o*l plalabe* for Zlae 6. ZS-52 0*Irani ted Steel Reinforcement Bod* for Ooocret* 9. ZZ-66 Zlae Oxrt Meeting of Structural Steel Aa Aa Aa Aa A6 A? A8 A8 57 l 3 63 6A 5 6* 66 67 68 69 70 70 72 7* TA 76 78 78 00 61 6A 8A 86 11 -Z&ry l JtJMl : . 's- . . %,v: - ;. r .vs i-r'C / >&W^'K'':r'^'::-xi ` '.r ' /. -. 'h-:' '.'. IKIij*:'~ BtP RggAACH DTCCTT WO. 10 *g.UA OTATOB i. irnxxxjcncM -- ^ ..., fhle tet)> laeue of the AZI-lIA Expanded Beeearth Pragma prmoU tl|Mt of tha rtMutb vorit which boa been actively pursued In tbo period April 1. 1962 to October 1. I960. Individual research projecta art reviewed aa to thalr progress during tba paat alx Booth* and brief asotlon Is node of their over-all objective*. S..s-.-. . _t w ' : r.^ '> Project sxaberu are prefixed by fM, EC, and ZX to Indicate tine aetallurglcal. chodcal and electmrhsolcal reeearch' and bp XM, LC and IZ to Indicate lead nstellurglcel, cbealcal and electrochaalcal reeearch. .. . ^. An abatract!o( aerrlce foe the rerlee of lead and sloe literature la being conducted by the floe Developwnt Aaaoclattoa load Develop- , Mot Aaaoclattoa In England. Hore then COO .technical .and aclectlfle Joonala throughout the world, aloog with published reeearch eork,, are t baled reviewed. Abstract* of Important artlclee are preeeoted ln.two, octhly ccapanlon publications titled "Zinc Abetracta*:.and lead Abetracte* and distribution baa becua with the January 19& laaoea. * It la hoped that these abstracts and Mbllcgraphlas will old lead and elnc ueere la kaeplec abreaat of the latest deralopMnta and will contribute to tba prcootlooal activities of AZX and LXA. tba TO *rasEAJKS -KOEH". la baaed 00 data recoivad frai the research project contractor* and baa been prepared and edited by Mr. Inula tattler of the Expanded Besearch Pragma. a v:.| v. .. .cr >r ` i ` 3 3e * II. UAP RESEARCH PROGRAMS *. tcmujUMicM. H>oom<8 1. iH-fc. - A Study of Lead to Alloy*, Arnour Rsaearch foun dation, Kr. C. J. hslcktl, Kr. C. B. Slncos Studies of th* offset of alloying sleasnts oa th* Beehonied behavior of lead vere continued and additional experimental wort mi perfumed oo ternary alloy* containing larger quantities of alloy addition*. Tecill* propertl* wn daterained after extruding, after annealing the extruded rod at 100C for oo* hour, and after solution beat treating at 2X>C for Blnute* and aging at ceveral elevated temperature*. Strength level* cf about 6,&X> to 10,000 pel were obtained la a amber of alloy cooposltloo* coctalnlng barlua or calclw la ccablaatlee vlth tin or cededua, la the extruded or the extruded and annealed eoodltloa*. In *o c m laeteneee the etreegth reaelnnd eocataat or decreaeed ellgbtly after the 100C anneal; la other*, there vae aa appreciable lncreeee la etreegtb. Huy alloy* apparently recryttalllt* during or laoedlately after extruding, aa Indicated by low etreagtb level* la both eoodltloa* of treatatat. A aerl** of alloy* coctalnlng llthlua In cocfclaatloo with tin, cadalui, thallium, or aloe shoved exceptionally hli etreogth after quenching froe near or above the aeltlng point. A tensile etreogth of 1>,070 pel and bl$ eloogatloa vae obtained for an alloy of lb 1.93 v/o SO 0.61 v/o LI after quenching froa 30OC (tpprcxlaately 70C above the flret signs of aeltlng In thli alloy). Other alloys coctalnlng about oca-half per cent llthlua with cadnlu, thalllw, or tine varied la cast etreagtb froa 12,990 to 10,670 pel. Cesspits of the elcroetrueture* of these 11thlv m-bearing alloys are presented. Other ternary eyeteas containing barium, celclun, or sodlua In piece of llthlua did not exhibit uausual strengthening la the a*-cast structure. 2- IK-7 lead Asbestos p*d* for Vibration Attenuation. Levi* 6. Ooodfrlend i Associates, Kr. t>. t. Ostergaard, Mr. L-3. Coodfrleod. Ibe broad objective of this program 1* to develop and coapUe satisfactory engineering data 00 the proper use of lced-aebestoe pad* to Isolate buildings froa railroad and Industrial vibration*. taring the period of thl* report work vae perfora*d In the following areas: 1. Review of existing data on lead-asbasto* vibration.Isolation pads. 2. Preparation of tb* pad* for static testing, sad th* preparation of the Vest site for th* dynaalc test*. 3. Conduct of th* static test*. ininjnw.il. I >/*-' * >. V ' ' > An electronic ipwd Halt twitch operated froa ths tachometer lgDel Is d o v being designed to provide an automatic ipMd Halt control ao that excessive ij miIi ar# cot reached vbeo the unbalance weight* era aalaotad for tbs low speed teat point#. Unbalanced force# up to 100 can be (as#rated by this tstchln* at any #paad vlthln Ita rang* by Inserting suitable weight* In each dl#c. lb* fretjueocy range eorraapood to tha rpa rang* la 16.7 to 167 cpa. Bill ran(# corraapooda to tha range fro* the lover limit of bearing to the point there building vibration# bagln to be highly leaped by tha internal eon#truetl00 of tha building. the force generator la now being assembled, and dynamic terta vlll begin ahortly. The building# 00 which field teat# are to be conducted are not as yet available for tets because of construction ualaya. Railroad vib ration meaaurasmots are under vay at several locations. Data art also available froa previous tett# on railroad yard and naln Una track vib ration. This Includes measurements at a major railroad yard In tha metropolitan Rev fork area. Arrengeoente are currently being negotiated to oeaaura the vib ration froa printing presses and other heavy Bachtnery. lbere baa bean considerable difficulty In finding locations where Interfering vibrations froa adjacent equipamnt do not auk out tha vibrations froa the machine# under study at a particular location. An examination of other material# for fillers In lead encased vibration-isolation pads vas also carrlsd out.. Outside of cork, which la currently used without a protective wrapping, no other notarial will carry the static loads which even lightly loaded - lead-asbestos pads will carry. The sheet natcrlal Isolators casmonly . ueed today aaldon carry loads greater than $0 pal and easy cannot be loadad over 10 pal. lbe present view la that lead-asbestos pads of nultl- , layer construction prodas the noat erfactive application for lead la ***** '*'* vibration-Isolation pad for both railroad and machinery vibration- , , Isolation. ,'vSSw.v v*- .` J. IX-8 - rundsaental Investigation of load Powder Metallurgy. . Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Kl-.'D. Jensen Professor r.V. Lenel : lbe over-all ala of this fundmuectal research program la to explore the basic nrhan1a of dispersion hardening techniques in an effort to develop methods far producing strongar and more crasp-reslataat wrought lead products through particulate metallurgy, taring the first year of the investigation a lead alloy with 5 walgbt percent copper, distributed In a vary fine dlspareloo, was stalled. Ihls alloy was produced by atealsleg a homogeneous liquid lead-copper alloy and ccapeotlog ad extruding the resultant powder. In the second year, a series of lead-copper alloys with oopper content# from 0.5 to B.ljl were Investigated in detail, and an analysis vas mods of the various factors which determine the strength of dleperaloe strengthened lead-copper allays, powdsre which bad bean reduced la & :. :% `. ".v^-v-v.'^-'"-' * rt: >y7/.- >.>4 ? >;'S '3 n. tm r e s ea r c h f r o o w u c a , yramaoiau, rsooRAic X. IM-k - A 8tudy of Lead B Alloys, Armour Besearch foundatloo, Mr. C. J. Rclcbel, Mr. C. R. Sisco* Studlee of the effect of alloylug element* oo th aechanical behavior of lead were continued and additional experimental work was performed oo ternary alloy* containing larger quantltlea of alloy addition*. , Ttealla properties were dat*reined after extruding, after annealing the extruded rod at 100C for oo* hour, and after aolutloo beat treating at 230% tor k5 alnutaa aod aging at aeveral elevated temperature*. Strength level* of about 6,000 to 10,000 pel vara Obtained In a Dueber of alloy coa^oeltloo* containing barlua or calclta In combination vlth tin or cadslua, In the extruded or the extruded aod ensealed condition*. " In Ket lnataocee the etrength rcaalned eooataot or dcereaaad allghtly after the 100% enseal; la othere, there vae as appreciable lnereaae la strength. Keay alloye apparently reeryatalllne during or lcoedlately after extruding, aa Indicated by lov atreegth levels Is both conditions of treetacat. A aeries of alloy* containing llthlua in combination vlth tin, cadslua, thalllua, or line shoved exceptionally high atreegth after quenching from near or abova the aeltlng point. A tcnalle atreegth of 1>,070 pel and bl> eloegatloo vaa obtained for an alloy of Jb +1.93 v/o' - 8a 0.61 v/o LI after quenching free 390% (approximately 70% above ,the flret signs of aeltlng la this alloy). - Other alloys containing about iooe-halfper cent -llthlua vlth cadrclua, thalllua, cr. tlncararled la cast strength froa 12,590 to 10,870 psl. Ccaaples of the Bleroetrueturas of these Uthlua*bearleg alloys are presented. Other ternary ayeteat .. ^ ,, containing barlua, calclun, or aodlua In place of llthlua did not ' "r r- * exhibit unusual strengthening in the si-cast structure. .. : - 2. P*~7 Ivd Asbestos Pad* for Vibration Attenuetloc, Levla 8. Ooodfrieod A Aaaoclatea, kr. P. B. Oetergaarl. Mr. L4I. Coodfrlend. lbe broad objective of this prograa Is to develop and coagrlla aatlafaetory englneerlcg data oo the proper uae of lead-asbeatoa pads to Isolate building* froa railroad and industrial vibrations. -- r' -- ix^Sr^T' ;r-; . areas: lb* period of this report vork va* performed la the follovlag > .-i 1. Review of existing data on l*ad.**b*stos rlbratloe.Isolation ped*. 9. Preparation of the pada for static testing, and the preparation of the teat elte for the dynaalo testa. 3. Conduct of the etetle teste. a -9- " ;V'\ v;~. `>. -T - ! . -t.;. . ' ? *  f ! - -! k. Conetructioo of tba fore* generator for th* dynaale taata. $. Initiation of th* field teat pcograa on railroad vibration*. 6. Initiation of th* field teat progran an buavy high *p**d nachlnery Including printing preaM*, rolling Bill*, and ball and rod nllla. Static taata bar* b*o run on *1* laad-aabaatoa pad* of two type*. On* aat of thr** pada vu of ecovantlooal cocatruetloo with burned load edge*. lb* aacand a*t of pada vara aaaakbled by extending tba land abaat over tba add* and bringing th* flat add** to**tbar bafor* burning th* add** of th* two abaat* together. Tba** ar* rafarrad to aa having taperad adgaa. Sill purpoa* of tba taparad add** wa* to ranov* tba afTaet of tba 1/V to 1/6* aolid laad rla an tba anall alaaa of pada idilch can ba taatad la a atatlc load naeblsa. Sloe* larg* alt* pada art uaad under building c o Il k * and tbay ar* uaoally loaded only vlthln as araa that Juat elaara tba laad rla. It vu deaned icportaot to cback thla affaet on tba pada taatad da thla progran. lbaaa atep* vara alao takan to blip datarada* tba pad alt* aad aatbod of taatlag of pada la tba dynaadc taata. lb* atatle taata ladleat* that tba lead-eabeatoa pada with taperad add** bad load-deflection curve* alallar to tboa* eetabllahad la n . prarloua prograa. It la to b* aotad that tba data for all thr** pada la a attar* quit* cocalatent. Ualng atatle daflactloa data an* night ba lad _ to cooclud* that tba laad pada would hav* a raaooact frequency of 6.8 to 6.9 cp*. However, It la nor* llkaly that tba actual atatlc deflection 1* on tba order of 0.070* to 0.060* which would Indicate a natural^frequency eo*, jixcf 8.3 to 8.9 cp*. xttafartuDately. tha alop* at 1000 pal 1* oot Uaaar aad la nucb ataapar thaa at low load*. Therefore, ona auat ua* tba alop* . aa a guld* to tba natural frequency, fro* the alop* it can t* abovn that tba natural frequency abould be about 30 cp* which 1* la cloaar agroaaKt with prallmtsary field data and tba data reported la a prnrlou* report for high loading*. lb* dynaslc fore* generator d**lgn vaa tnalytad, aad a aultebl* deelgs of countar-rotatlng-dlac anchlrt* aalactad aad th* --** work and aa*nbly ff*ct*d. lb* type of eachIn* cooalata of two 3-13/16" dlaaatar a J/k" thick ataal dlaea, each baring two *t* of aarao of dlanetrlcally oppoaad hole* through tba dlaea. lb* two dlaea ar* ArlvM la oppoalta direction* by two hardened ataal abaft*. On* abaft -1* driven directly by * DC notor which la earlabl* la apaad froa 1000 rpn : 10,000 rjn. lb* aacccd abaft 1* gear drlrao fron tba notor drlr* abaft by Mina of two apeclal hardened ataal gear* k-l/2* la dlaaatar. Sbeaa gaara ar* cloa* coupled on tba abaft to tbalr raapactlr* balaaelog dlaea. Searing, abaft dlaaatar and dlae and gear location* hay* baaa aalactad to nloinlt* axtraneou* rlbratloo fron tba abaft, lb* gear* v*r* originally daalgnad to operate aa part of a 90,000 rpn turblna, and BO tpaclal prot*otloo la required except for lubrication. St* notor la .. driven by aa electrical varlabia apaad dflr* vhlcb provide* cootlnuoua epead variation vlthln tba rang* of tba nacbln*. Th* epeed 1* Indicated by aaaa* of a praclea electrical Ucbonatar coupled to tba gaar driven abaft. `fj f An electronic p*d Halt switch operated froa th* tachooeter signal 1* d o w being design*! to provlds an autceatlo speed Halt eoctroi #o that excessive speeds art cot roacbed when th unbalance velgit* no selected for tha low epeed test point*. Unbalanced force* up to 100 esc be gener j ated by thl* wwhln* at asy (peed within It* race* by InsertIn* (ultsbl* weight* la each disc. Tb* frequency rsngs correspond to th* rpo rang* 1* 16.7 to 167 cp*. lhls rang* correspond* to th* rang* froa th* lower Halt of bearing to th* point where building vibrations begin to be highly ds^ed by th* Interns! construction of th* building. 4 lb* fore* generator 1* now being asseehlsd, and rtjm--1r test* will begin shortly. Th* building* 00 which field teet* ere to be conducted ere not a* yet available for test* because of construction delays. Railroad vlb- . ration neasureatot* are under wey et several location*. Data an also available froa previous tests on railroad yard end coin Use track vib ration. This Includes-neasureaenta at a najor railroad yard la th* eetropolltoa Rev fork ere*. Arraagsaeot* on currently being negotiated to Beasur* th* vib ration froa printing presses and other heavy aecfalnery. There has been considerable difficulty In finding location* where Interfering vibrations froa adjacent equipment do not aask out the vibrations froa th* aerhln** under stuly at a particular location. An pagination of other oaterlals for filler* in l*d encased vibration-Isolation pad* wo* also carried out. Outside of cork, which 1* currently used without e protective wrapping, no other oaterlol vlll carry the static loads which even lightly loaded " leal-ash*rto* pads will carry. Th* sheet oaterlol Isolators cmrly - . used today ealdon carry load* greater than $0 pel end oaoy cennot be - -tT'fcll^oedad over 10 p*l.lb* present .view 1* that leed-aabertoe pad* f*ailtl- layer construction prod** the Dost effective application for lead la a . vibration-Isolation pad for both railroad aad eerhlnety vibration- isolation. J. U1-fl - Pundsacntel Inveetlgatlcn of lead Powder Metallurgy. Ranseeleer polytechnic Institute, Kr.'D. g. J*n**a Professor F.y. lanel The over-all ala of this funiaectal reaearch progren la to saplore the basic nchanlsn of dispersion hardening technique* la *n effort to develop nethoda for producing stronger and acre creep-r**l*t*nt wrought lead products through particulate netollurgy. During th* first year of th* Investigation a load alley with S weight percent copper, distributed In a very fin* dispersion, va* studied. This alloy wn* produced by stool ring a hooagensou* liquid leed-oopper alloy tod compacting end extruding th* resultant powder. In the second year, * series 01 lsed-oopper alloys with copper oocteot* froa 0.) to 8.11 were Investigated In detail, and an analysis vss osds of th* various factor* which dvtemln* the strength of diaper* sloe streegtbsosd lead-copper alleys. Powder* which had been reduced la '.% 'y':,;;'c i "5 .-.iSW hydroceo prior to coajpastloc and axtrudloc feoved a llMir relatlnoAlp betveao tUi atraocth tod voliaa parcaot oopptr la the alloy. The tacelle atreoeth of tha lead -0.5$ ooppar alloy vu J100 pal, ahlla that of tha laad >6.1$ oopptr alloy vaa 6330 pal. The taaalla atraocth of tha reduced lead-copper alloy vaa found to bo lxrraraaly propertlcsal to tha aguara root of tha apaelse batwaaa oopptr partlolaa. Iha apaelog daercataa vltb lanreealrc oopptr oootaot vhlll tha dlaoetera of tha diaperaad partlolaa lacreeee vlth locreealsc ooppar oootaot. m taata Bade 00 varlooa load baa# allagra to datamlso craap raalrtoca, axtaoalra roca tapmtvn craap data vara obtained 00 load* ooppar and laad-eltarinliai alloya at lovar atraaaaa. It vaa fowl that tha ertep rata lo laad-elualnlua alloya la lata thaa 1$ par yaar at atraaaaa aa ht|h at 3500 pal. 9a craap raalataoco of lead-copper alloy extrualoea at roca tasperaturt vaa lofarlor to that of tha laad-alualnlaa alloya. Tha leed-eltatlnlia alloya vara alao craap taatad at 10CPC aod vara fouad to have axcallaot craap raalatanca vlth craap rataa of laaa thao 1$ par yaar at atraaaaa op to 8500 pel. A aa--ry of tha reeulti of thla raaaareh paeg-- to data Included tha follovlact (1) IBraatlcatlooa of tha ateady-etate craap rataa of a laad-5$ copper alley at rooa ta^eratura ahiwad that tha craap rata laereeeed (tea 0,*7$ par yaar at 1100 pal to ).6ty par yaar at 8500 pal for tha -J85 aaah powder extrualoea. Tha aarlai B laed-5 copper powder vhlch vaa uaad for produclsc extrualoea for rooa tec*rature craap taata had a . aoaevhat coaraar apaclnc batwaaa copper partlolaa thaa the aerlee A lead-5 copper powder uaad for tha tanalla taata aod alavatad taaparatura , craap taata (1.65 aleroea aa eoejarad to 1.25 KicrooaJ.Tbe copper -,;"' particle# la tha earlea B pewdar extrualoea vara distributed la baeda rather thaa uolfoeoly, vhlch aay ba raapoaatbla for tha large aeattar obtaload la tha curve for ateedy-atate creep rata varaua craap atraaa. The craap rata la a lead-copper alloy powder hertoc tha atructura of aerlee A la expected to ba oiperlor to tha craap rataa (nad for earlea B powder axtrualooa. (2) Teat* ca the eteady-etete creep rata of lead-5$ copper *t )^0 (12Ty) tooved that at lot atraaaaa the craap rata la.proportlooel to tha atraaa aad at hl<h atraaaaa tha craap rata la proportlooai. to tha fourth power of tha atraaa.3 (3) Tha teoalla propartlaa of a vary coaraa (-20 to *100 aaah) load-5$ copper powder vara dataralaad. Tha ea-recelved povdar extrueloee * had a teoalla atraocth of 3965 pal aod 10$ aloocatloc while tha reduced powder axtrualooa bad a teoalla atraocth of JfA0 pal aod 10.8$ aloecatloa. Tha teoalla apeclaaoa of thla coaraa alloy failed elooc tha aurfM# of Individual povdar partlolaa, lndlcatlnc that tha coaraa particle# are tot properly "cold valdad* durtoc ccepeetlnc* : *% 1^ ^, v.'. ^ -4 (*) c m rteady-atet# creep rU of the lead-0.}} eli*inlija *1107 Increased froa 0.13% per year *t 2000 pel to 9-96$ per yaar at 3U50 pal. Sba steady-state creep rata of the lced-1.7 eliilnlua alloy Increased froa 0.1}$ par year at 1100 pal to 8.l>3$ per year at 3k}0 pal. Cm - .-- reaulta show the auperlor creep resistance of the lead-aluslnlia alloy* orer the lead-copper alloy*, lb* lead-0,55$ aliadnlua 1* slightly acre creep realatast than tha lead-1.7$ eluadruia at stresses la tha rang* of 2000*3000 pal. (5) Ibe alavated ts^eretur* (100C) steady-stats creep retea for the lead-0.55 elualnua exe reaertcsbly low. lacreaalac fra* 0.16$ par year at 120 pal to 0.93$ per year et 1600 pel. It la rrldeot that at elaratad tsnperatures the lead-elusion pewdsr extrusions bava coosldsrably higher creep realataoce that the lead-copper powder extrualooa. At a atraaa of 615 pal tba creep rata la 0.5# per year for tha laad-4.55 aliataa at 100C aad about 200$ par year for tba laad*5 copper alloy at J1C. (6) for the lead-aliaaloua alloye creep tecta at high atraaaea, failure without ouch elongation occurred at both rooa aad alavatad tcaparaturaa. At 3000 pal aod rooa temperature tba lead-0.55 alialaua alloy bad as elongation of 0.27$ la 700 boura vbeo failure occurred, vtlle at 2500 pal tba elongation waa 0.36$ la 1000 boure without failure. At a temperature of 100C tha leed-O.55 eltcdnua alloy bad elongated 0.15$ la 600 boure with aa applied atraaa of 1600 pel whan the apeclaaa failed, . while at 615 pal tha apeclaaa elongated 0.kC$ la 1000 boura without . failure. (7) The teaalia taste of tha lead-5 copper-6 actloony alloy pra a taoalla strength of 5S*90 pal aad ao elocution of 23.7$ for a strala . _ , . rate of 2* per alaute. aod a teoalle etretgth of M90 pal with aa elongation of 32.6$ for a strain rate of 0.2" per admit*. 4. 1M-9 - investigation of Metal fiber Selnforcsd lead. Arnmar Beeaarch hxmdatloc, hr. 6. W. HcOce, Hr. 6. A. filacoa. Ihe first tw> years of this program were devoted to extensive Investigations of aatal fiber reinforced lead. Methods of Infiltrating fiber aatal skeletons with leed were developed cod the strengthening effect of a coherent aetal fiber skeleton Incorporated Into lead or its alloys waa Investigated. lbeee studies, which war* priaarlly of a fied- nsntal nature, have been coexisted with the davalopaant of two proalalac product appllcatloaa. ^' Bm present phase of tha program la directed toward bringing each of these product applications to the point of dsnonetreted feasibility as salable products, lb* product applications consist of taprovad lead* baa* alaeva bearing naterlala aad a unique aetal fiber reinforced lead... base soldering up# for use la netala Joining. is Iha procedure being followed la expediting this prograa eonaleU of tha following steps: (1) Studies of aocbaaleel proper-tie* and aarlroaaeatal affects for several variations of each product. - .-> : -- ti V Zr.c ~ - ,; r-;. v.. .:"'i A (S) Farfactloo of laboratory tool* nanufacturlng prooaataa. ' ii ] (3) Tooting rater lnolat*d anrlrocrantal eoodltlon* co cooperative baala vlth potential uaar* rad nnufacturara. Bearing nanufacturlng rad l*d tap* ljgcagoatloo technique* hart bean * tentatively aatahlltbad, the proparti*# of load tap* aodd*r Joint* hart htaa partially evaluated, aod tha aajorlty of eocparatlv* bearing taat* bar* bean tat <9. Teat* vara parforead 00 tha thaar atrangth of ataal rtrlp lap Jolsta toltertd vlth ralnforcad load tap*, thro* earl** of AI8I C 1000 ataal trip lap Joint* vara tolterad vlth ataal fiber ralnforcad load tap*. All tfara* aarlaa of thaar taat apadjaaoa vara toltertd nalng an oxjvcatylan* torch, tha flrrt aarlaa, confixing nln* apadaaoa, vaa tolterad vlth tha 3/32 In. thick ataal flb*rlead tap* radar an axpariaantal flux of $0^ lcd^-y^ BE. Cl fine, tha aacoed aarlaa, ccaprlalng eight *p*clran*, va* tolterad vltfi tha l/32 la. thick ataal fibar-laed tap* radar tha $0$ toCla -50* KH^Cl fin. tb* third carla* (eight apaclaas*) va* tolterad vlth tha I/32 In. ataal fiber-lead tap* radar a tcraaiclal, chlcrlte-fraa, nil* type flux (Cartr edterlng fin ljkk). Tha thaar atrangth of tha told- ' arad joint* va* tetamlDad on a lov-eapadty (an. 000 lh), lev *pad . tanalla taat aacbJaa. . * Baanlta of tha ahaar taat* abovad that tha average thaar atrangth of tha Joint* tolterad vlth tha 1/32 la. thick tap* (evg. l80 pal) la ante , higher than tha average ahaar atrangth of tha Joint* aolterad vlth tha 3/32 la. thick tap* (avg. 1100 pal). Another algnlflcant finding 1* that tha awraev ahaar atrangth of the Joint* aolterad radar * fin containing tidg (1660 pal) la nor* than four tiara grater than tha anraraga ahaar . - v atrangth of tha Joint* aolterad radar chlorlda-fra* flex (bio pal). Quit# lntaraatlog alao la -tha fact that tha ahaar atraagtha of cra-Of'tba arapla* aoldarad radn a BaClg-contalnlng flux aueed avaa tha tanalla atraogth of pur* land (2000 pal). Thla ohaarvatloo Indlcataa that tha laad la tha lagaaguatloa procaai or la tha cubaaquaut aoldarleig procaaa haa dlaaolvad ana lngradlaota vdilcfa nay hava lacraaaad It* aarhairlral atramth. * _ A .. N Curing tha rapertad period k m vattoMllty taata vara prfcimd . vlth pure laad 00 plain carbon ataal and galvraltad ataal aurfacaa radar chlorlda-fra* main fin. tb*** taata bar* ahovn that pur* laad do** not "vat' piaia carbon ataal auifaoaa radar a chlorlda-fra* roaln fin (vattiff angl* 90). Bonrar, radar exactly tha aaa condition*,pur* laad vat# . , galvraltad rtaal aurfacaa. Indicating that mail atounta of kino dlaaolvad by uoltan laad frria tha gnlvanltad ataal aorfacaa My acraldarvbly ljgrove tha vetting cC tha ataal avrfaoa*. ... 4,,.,: ,; .t . '' v Boldarlag taat* vara alao parfomd vlth laad tap* ralnforcad vlth copper fiber* aud the dlaanalera of the 1000 ataal atrip*, oxlda moral, and dagraaalng procaduras vara exactly the **ra a* uaad In the preparation of tb* ataal flbar-laad *p*cla*na. Both aarlaa of tha thaar taat paclnao* vara aoldarad vlog an oxyacatylan* torch, lh# flrat aarlaa eenprlalc dna apaclaana, n* aoldarad nalng tha axparlaaetal J0 toCl^-JOJi BB.C1 fin. tb* aaoond aarlaa congtrltlng fix apaolran*, va* aoldarad radaf 1 icvnaial, ehlorlda-fraa, ro*la-typ* fin. te TM .7. ?"; 3= tb* abaar teat result* abov that tb* average abaar atrangth of tb* copper flb*r-l**d tap* Joint* obtained undar tb* eblorld* flax la practically tba same aa la tba Joint* obtained ltb ataal fiber-lead tapa. Hovaver, under tba chloride free, roaln type flax, tba abaar etrscgth of tba Joint* eoldarad vltb tba aoppar fibar-laed tapa la much bigbar than tba (hear atrergtb of tba Joint* aoldarad vltb ataal flbar? lead tapa. Invaatlgstlen of tba taoalla atrength of ataal atrip butt Joint* aoldarad vltb overlapped ataal flbar-laad tape Included tvo aarlaa of apaclacoa. A1SI 1009 ataal atrlpa vara uaed for tbaaa taata end tba oxide flla vaa reserved from tba ataal aurfaca* by grinding. Before adderlog, tba oxlda flla Area tba lead tapa *hlm aurfaca* u removed vltb tba balp of a vlra brush, and all aurfaca* vara etibaaguantly degreased vltb carbon tatrachlorlda. Tba taoalla atrength of tbaaa Joint* vaa determined on a low-capacity, lowepeed taoalla taat nacbloa. Tba taoalla atrength valoaa were ebtaleed lo dividing tba factor* lead by tba croeeaction of tba tapa. Vltb tba exception of U taata tba rpsclcans yielded taoalla etreogtb valoaa cooaldarably exceeding tba taoalla etraogtb of pure lead (ltOO pal). Indicating that in tbaaa Joint* tba taoalla atre^tb of tba laad la Increased cooaldarably by tba presence of tba ataal flbara lo tba laad tape. Tba raaolta of tba wl oatloo of tba factored Joint* revealed that in all fonrtean epaclaaoa tba fracture took place In tba laad tapa, Joat above tba gap, and did not produce any algna of abaar fracture along tba ataal etrlp/laed him interface. S' further reaaareh vlll involve teat* on tb* comparative merit* of ` different danalty tap** and effort* vlll be nada to lneraaa* tb* *4 capillary force* between tba ataal fiber* in the tape. -;' > Taata of axperlmantal' metal flbarirvlnforcedlead-b*** alaave bearing* bare baeo arranged at tb* Technology Canter laborstorle* of tb* Aaaoclatloo of American Railroads In Chicago. Additional teat* are la the procaae of balag arranged vltb Interested cceaerclal bearing manufacturing ecmpanlea. Teat* are to be eoo&xrted ualng fully loatruarotad dynaaoaatar*. Lubricatloo vlll be progreealvely dialclabed until bearing failure 1* Induced. Both tb* eeverlty of tb* d o o -lubri cated condition vblcb tb* apaclacoa are able to vltb*tend before failure sa vail aa tb* nod* of failure undergone by than vlll enter Into tb* cooalderetloo of laprovmaent* derived from metal fiber reinforcement. . J. UUj6 lead for gouad Attecuatloo. lavla fl. Ooodfrlend * . , ; Associates, itr. I. >. Oetsrgsard, Xr. 1. 8. Ooodfrlaod ' Work la cootloulrg on tb* development end evaluation of method* and material* for locraaalng tb* oaa of laad and laad product* aa aound control ccmpooaota lo architectural acouatlc* and for tb* aound leolatloo of Industrial equipment. ' :> >4 J Tba acopa of tbl* program loeleda* tba following broad objective* l 1. To develop additional analytical tsctinlquss for predicting tb* acoustical performance of laad laminated to building cooatructlem panala and to reduce aa much of tb* analytical information aa poaalblc to a ecaputar punch tape program. <; 4- .. r ' ' ' ;> :rr^'sfe<^r;-!8.f4V?.- '/.'.'"<.: :-**' >.' ..';.C'>-;*vWM '. .< 2. To dsvalop additional architectural sad lodastrlal arose for the application of lead as a nolaa control ] unt. 3. To Include, as a parallel progri to tba research and dmlo^ meet work, tbs preparation of technical and popular artldaa to l< used j a part of aa over-all proootlon program oo load aa tba architectural aod Induatrlal aolaa eootrol natarlal. k. To davalop data for aa acouatlcal load manual vfcich will provide practical Information and data 00 tba application aod uses ef laad aod load products la architectural aolae eootrol* During tbs period of this report, work oootlaaad oat 1. Prvparatloh of additional pagan for tba aoooetlcel laad -"< A aa* series of panels la being constructed aad aoooatloal taste are 8. Analytical study of building panel types vltb laad aa a lealnets to paiudt tba rapid determination of tba panel sound Isolating capabilities* 3* Application of tba lafOrmatloa fn tbs analytical study to tbs proposed coaputer pragma. ; - - k. Coelution of engineering sad scientific paper* for present* etloo to acoustical societies la tba Oaltad States aad la Surope* t-:x. Two papers titled "Zkansmlssloa Lose of Leaded Building Materials* and lead aa aa Architectural Sound Barrier* uura presented ate meeting >.Of tba Acoustical Society ofAmerica. -.Tbsse papers will bsjmuhmltted to tbs Journal of tbs Acouatlcal Society of America and to tba Acoustical Am Society's popular publication SOUS far publication. Another paper whose title la *0ee of Lead la Improving Sound TraaMdaalca Lees* baa bean presented at the fourth Internetlocal Coagrees on Acoustics meeting la Oopeebagaa, Detaark.la August, 1962. During tba preparatlea of tba papers s c m new presentation material use developed which Indiestee more affectively the powerful capabilities of laad aa a sound Isolating material. Tba effectiveness ef lead aa a scuad Isolating material la daaonatrated by comparing tba prist an which eootrol Its sound attenuation aod its ability to Influence tba sound attenuation of otbar iterlelswbsa combined with thi.,y, - Tba table below shows tbs ratio oftbe surfaos weight of a p**tl In pouods par quart foot,cubed to the Youngs Modalos of tbs panel material. This factor, Vi/t is tbs parameter which controls tba sound transalfsloo loss la tba plateau region. There Is a small eoctrlhutloa mads by tbs damping. However, tbs uajor lsgrovsSMat la traMmlesloa loss by use of a thin dense material is through this factor vtyl. It Is obvious from tbs tsbls that lead Is pore than hO times better them steel and more than 300 times better than gypsum board, tba nearsst building material. I & te*d Steel Ojrpn Board Bardboard Plywood JL no iWft5 67 k> 3wai X 80 x 10* pal >00 x log 8 X 10J a.i x io? 7 x Kr -HVJL 17 3-98 0.539 o.jn 0.1>0 Id continuation of th* analytical studlsa prograa, largs auMber of aquation* for bending stiffness bsv* boon examined. It bu bean determined that thoee firm by tb* forest Product* Labor*tori* ar quit* aatlr factory for Materials laalnsted vlth rigid adhesive*. Tbsy cbould alao provld* raaaoaably aatlafactory result* using tb* slastoMeric adhesive* although th* bending stiffs**a vlll b* scaevbat on tb* high (safe) aid*. Tb* aquation* published by nsnbir* of tb* Bolt, Beranek * Xrwan staff 1* a v*rl*ty of publication* which Mainly apply to thick flla layra, such a* tl* daaplag tap* applied by Means of laatcBrrlc adhesives, bars bean found to b* Inapplicable to tb* tblckar structures such as lead sheet ceaentsd to building Materials, lb* approximations which ar* required to retain validity of tb* Bolt,8*raaak b Bevnaa *quatlon* cannot b* aad* with tb* lead abst. Kea*ur*e*cta of tb* sound Isolation proprtls of slxt*a additional, bulldli* panels ar* continuing aad tb* finding* *111 b* compiled as technical data sheets la tb* aanual. Tb* new series of panels Mostly Incorporate lb and h lb land sheet. Tbe type* of construction used Include gyp#TM lath sod plaster on wood stud* with lead on ooeaad tan sides, gyp*TM lath and plaster on Metal studs vltb lead sheet on on* . .. aad two sides, and gypeusecr# panels with two face boards, and lead c m '"'''on* slde.'tb* choice of th* basic construction* being evaluated with ' * ***%' tb* addition of lead 1* based on currant ccnerclal us*, acceptability ,, and Interest, and tb* aarle* la designed to Aetenlna the optlauM ! plsr--nt and weight of lead la tb* partition ayetaan. 6. lM-?6 - Load Powder Claddlns of Steel. tepartenet of . Metallurgy, Tb* University oi British Oollafcla, Ur. J. A. bund This report einMarlt** tb* reeult* of o study of tb* feasibility of eMtiig steel container stock vltb load by a powder-rolling prodedura. Objective* ver* to deterMlo* tb* condition* necessary to obtala a well- bonded coating, and to aacartalo tb* range of coating tblckn***** which It nay b* poaalbla to obtain by thla procesa. , la tb* evaluation of variables Involved, tb* following factor* ver* found, la pralladeary tests, to contribute to quality aad proper ties of lead-coated steel strip produced by tbs powder rolling nstbodi 1. Surface Condition of tb* Steel Strip. 8. Characteristic* of tbs Powders, a) particle sis* aad els* distribution b) oxide content of tb* powder. **% qgjpWBWiffMIh.. 1 .j|i. -HU P kjppiumjl * R i %- F }. Boll 0*r ate fblckaeea of Applied Powder layer. (UiH are lsaeparably r<Utl factora). V. Bolltpead. J. Re-rolllng Coteltlcoa. } tM^ntun of re-rolllng. bJ rtdactlce ttbg la tUetaiHit e) rolling with or without additional opplite sorter. Sxperlaental eoodltloea for Um coatlt* of ateal atrip with late ate with lead-tlnc terturea vara loraatlgatad ate tba cooclualooa darlwad fro* tba mluatloo taata ara llatte balowi 1. 8trolly adharast late coatlnga la tba ranga of 0.0001" to O.CBO* thick caa ba obtalaad 00 ataal atrip by tba dlract rolllr* octo praparte atrip aurfacaa of claaa load povter or abot. *. For baat adbaalco of tba late coating, tba ataal aurfaea abo14 ba otedlted (a.f. at HOO7. for alnutea la air) ate reduced (a.g. for 10 teoutea at 158oT.) prior to coating. 3* Coatlag thlckseee la deterteaed largely by tba partlcla alia dletrlbutlco of tba late pewter. For coatli^a 0.0001" thick, poatera of aoatly -323 aaab partlclaa ara required. At tba otbar aztraaa, late abot of >10 * lk aaah alia will glee coatl nga in tba rvyi of 0.0l* thick. k. Coatlnga laaa than a faw tbrmaatetha of aa lack thick'ara atAJaet to plo^olaa. Tbara ara ladlcatiooa that tba frequency of pla* bolaa la such raduead by ualag cleaser powtera (l.a. of lower ealte cootaot.) , . ' ' - ' 'V- - - ' . 5* Ba-rclllng late-coated atrip vlth addltloeal yowdara #ppatra to ba able to allajcata pUfbolea. Ba-rclllc* without pewter, area at alavmtad taaqwraturea, doaa not allaloata all ptn^olaa praaectbefore- ':` 6. Osldlied povdara (coetalnlng la exeaaa of ateut 3 to k parcaBt codda, calculated aa JhO) do not give etroogly adbaraat ooatlaga. 7. Bolllsg eoodltlooe ara gewarnad by tba thlcksaaa of the"applied powder layer, tba partlcla alia of tba powder, ate factor* accoclatte with tba daalga of tba rolling tell iteelf. C^tlaui eocxllticoe auat ba foute by trial. 8. Speed of rolling la laportaat only lnaofar aa a&tteliible aotloc of powder oc tba atrip auat ba pravastad prior to roll^cavaetlea. Vlth eoarear powder*, It la llkaly that wary high apaada ara poaalbla la a ocotlsuoue operstloa. J. Veil-hooded lead coatlnga praparte by tbla prooaaa will ataal proloofad beating la air without apparent loee of adbaaloa. -U- 10. Oj s sdditlon of (loc (mechanically nixed ae powder) to lead la amounts of 25 percent or sore by weight reeulte In the elladnetioo of pId -bole corroiloo. Above about tine, nixed powder coatings are not aa strongly adherent ae pure lead powder coatings. However, a final heat treatment for 8 aloutae at 6007. reeulte la the very rtroog hooding of layers containing up to 10C^ sloe. 4 11. Aa excellent test for evaluating the quality of lead-coating adherence to steel consists of a high etrain-rate (SO lacbee/loch/adnute) teosloo teet. 12. Polls suet be lubricated frequently (or oootlnuoualy) for lucctit with thla proeett. A aolld phase lubricant wae veed soceeasfully la the preeeot work. based on the reeulte obtained, the progr-- has bean extended to study the possibility of obtaining pin-hole free coatings aa thla as 0.0001*, and to establish the resistance to corrosion by various Media of vised leed-xloc costings. Work on this phase of the prograa Is aov la progress, sad the scope of the studies will Include the following topical a) to provide as statists a basis aa possible for larger seals production of roll-corrected land coatings, and b) to obtain detailed corrosion and property data for coatligi based on Mixtures of lead and aloe. . v4> *- 7- U4-11 - Study of Fatigue Cracking In toad and lead Alloys. university of ftueeoalcod, Fellas C. U. Brewer, Dr. >. Russell, Professor T. T. X. White Thla pregrav involves the study of lead alloys containing alaveota of limited solid solubility la lead, sad the Influence of such alloying aliments on tbs Mschaolcsl and fatigue properties of lead In air sod la various controlled atmospheres. The preaeot contract period has been dsvotsd to the design, construction sad assembly of - > ' '* -< ^ (a) a special furnace for the melting of lead under a controlled atmosphere end In which the molten lead will be deoxidised by means of hydrogen. (b) s small mechanised rolling nlll, with 2* disaster rolls, for the rolling of load and load alloy*. (e) a steel Jig to facilitate the rapid ebepli^ of lead specimens (for flexural bending teste) from sheet lead. (d) . vacuus Jumping equipment, assembled for use with a flexural baodlng fatigue smchlne, which has been provided with a vacua chaster surrounding the speclasn. 4 -12' Tb* daalcn, cooitructlon and aatanbly of tb* principal ItM of aqulpaent for tb* production of axyg*a>fr* load alloy* and for the rollli of load lnsota baa been oeapleted and taated. Kxperlaantal wort carrlad out ferine tb* praaeot cootract period Include* tb* follovlaci -5 (a) aaaqil** of load bar* bean daaxldliad by *nn* of hydro**c at 700%, ualrs a apaelal controlled-ataoapbar* furnec*. (b) aararal 0*7gan-fr*# leed-llthlun alloy* bar* b*n prepared la tb* abor* furnace, after ovarcoadn* Initial dlffleultlM fe* to tb* etMBleal reactivity and volatility Of Uthlta. (e) lnoti of laad, j/k* thick, bar* bean rollad to nab* load abeat 5/32* thick, fer tb* preparation of cantlla-mr fatigue epeclaea*. (d) flexural handle* fatigue taata bar* bean carried out on (l) laad alted la air, (ll) laad deoxldlied with hydrogen, and (ill) laad* Uthlia alley. (a) electrical counties apparato* baa baan daalsnad fer u*o on a mltl apaclnen flexural bandlnf aacblna to record the carter of cycle* required to fvnetur* each epeclara (tbla la baaed on the change la alectrlcal raalatanc* vblcb ooeur* vban fracture takaa placa). (f) tb* llteraturv aurvay covering tba nachairlcal propartlaa of laad la coctlouli* and, coocuTTactly, tba lataat tbaorlaa of eolld ttete phyalca, in ralatloo to crack fotaatlon la aatala, are bains rwleved. . fatigue taat raaulta obtained with deoxldUed laad and lead- -11tbla alloy are act out la the following tabU.^^g yesoLra cr mawt ggipiw nnao xtsra cm vtu> mow Banarka Barter Of eyelet to ccaolcte fracture c frailal nary aelt la air] caat under nitrogen < 90,000 fur* lead deaxldlted vltb hydrosea Deaddiced land, 0.0)5 Utblirt < 555,000 > 8,000,000* teat rtlll la prosra** at tiaa of report Mediation tba Halted marter of f*tl*u* teat* carrlad out to data bar* ladle catad that tba pretence of a wall aacunt of Uthlirt lneraaaa* tba fatlM Ufa of laad. Bovavar, further taat* on laad-Utbliai alloy*, aod on daoxldlnd l**d oootrol apaclaaoa, ar* naoaaaary In ordar to oocflra tbla. *13- 8. Ut-lfc - Joining of lead to Lead end Other Subrtratei. Aaarican fiDeltlng i Helining Ccupaoy, Mr. L. T. Jordan, Mr. I. I. Bcw Thla progran la directed toward the ccyqrtlatloo of data on the hooding ehermcterletlee of varloua daaaaa of adbaalvaa u Joining *adle for land. Matboda of Joining and organic adbaalvaa ara evaluated aa to tbalr pbyeleal edequecy, tbalr aaaa of application and tbalr acoocade feealbUlty. tba final objective of the project la to publleh a aanual on `Adbaalva bonding of lead to lteelf and otbar aatarlala*. Ibla annual will ba a ecngillatloo of two type* of data: (l) tboaa available fron tba aamfacturcra of tba edheeivee on tba phyelcml, cbaadcal and aachealeel propartlaa of tba adbaalvaa tbeaaalvaa and (2) tboaa which will deecrlbe tbaaa aaaa propartlaa of tba adbaalvaa aa they aanra to Join or bood laad. Coring tba flrat pbaaa of tba progyaa, wort waa parforatd la tba following araaa: 1. Burvering tba literature oo availably adbaalvaa and tbalr choreetcrlytlca. 8. Contacting theaaaufactcrcra of adbeylvea to Obtain racoa aended aaterlrla for uaa vltb land. '' 3* Bcrlavlng tba range of atraaa and teocrature to which bonda jatween lead and otbar aatarlala nay be expected to ba eubjected. k. Selecting rpaclflc adbaalvaa for teatlng. ' ^4'^a^^F*5i'"0btalnln tba daalrad adbaalvaa fro* the aaonfacturara. 6. Bavlavlm tba tmaa of taata ccaponlr osed to avaloata tba etrengthe of hooded tntarlala. T. Catarwlnlng the affect of tatting paranatara oo tba reeulta. Iba literature aurvay baa abown ua that there era aangr adbatlva fomilatlooa available vhlcb parfora aatlefactorlly under varloua eenrlee eondltleoa and that a uaar of laad can by eooaoltatloo with tba adbaalva aanufecturera obtain reccanaodetlooe for a particular aat of condition*. But tbaaa raccaaendatlooa la tba large aajarlty of caaaa would not ba , baaed oo taata or azparlanca with lead adbaranda and epeclal taata are ' needed to aatabllab a body of data on tba bood atraegtb of adbaalvaa with laad. la aa effort to deter*!ne daalrad criteria for tba aalactlon ef adbaalvaa. flrat preference waa given to good raalataaca to expoeure coodltlooa, via., water, beat, light, eta. A ratIt* of good to excellent In reelatency to veto-, boat and light ware required of adbaalva claaaaa to ba Initially paeted. Otbar criteria uaad ware bond etrength and aaaa A of application and curing aa wall aa tba extant of preeent popular " toMirclal uaa. 'r*f A aurray of th* propartlaa of tba** adbaalraa ahovtd that tboa* claaalflad aa tbaraoaattlng bar* tba fclgbaat probability of fulfilling oat of tba abort crltarla, and ar* tbua aoat tultabla for tba aora daaaadlng application* lorolrlag laad. Tharafora, tba flrat taatlog ra* dooa with tba apoxybaaad adbaalraa, alnca tb*jr rapraaant a elaa* of adbaalraa baric* high rtresgth aod t^peratur* atablllty ccadalDad vltb aaaa of application. It la lotaraatlng to nota that tba apart** vara raceanendad by aarar*1 adbaalra amfacturcr* la aoavar to ltxjulrfaa aa to which group thay tculd ruggaat for laad. Bine* ooa liporUnt objectlv* la to praaaot data which can ba ttaad for daalga purpo*** on bood proparti** of acaa of tba cictarrlally arallabla adbaalra claaaaa vltb laad aa adbaranda, It la oteataary that tba aachanlcal taatlog data com typat of alapla atraaaaa to vbleb tba booda aay ba aubjaatad. tba four baalc type* of atra aocouatarad la bonding ara taailla, abaar, claarmga, and paal. tba AStM daacrlbaa taatlng procadurat fur aaaaurlng tbaaa atraaaaa, and Id coaa c u n offara aararal taat daalgaa for a apaelflc property, tba lap Joint, although not rapraaaotlng any alngla typa of atraai .but ratbar tba Interaction of arrtrml of tbaaa atraaaaa, la oftan aalactad aa tba baat aetbod of aurraylag tba propartlaa of a group of adbaalvaa for tba following raaaooat (l) Mat of tba tbaoratlcal affart baa baea darotad to lap Joint*, Is) aoat of tba data raportad In tba Uteratura Art' baaad oa lap Joint*, fj) lap Joint* ara tba aoat ecstoo aaaaa of atructurtl . Joining, aad (k) lap Jolnta ara aaally praparad In tba laboratory. Many atructural adbaalraa ara rmtad In aaoufacturara* litaratura by tbalr abaar atrangtb atlag aa crarlap Joint %ad,tber*fbra, tba lap Joist daalgn will ba uaad axtanalraly la tbla prograa. Eurtag tba ttcond pb*a* of tba prograa, * larg* artbar Of lap abaar Joint* vara aada and taatad. Studlaa vara eoodactad e* tba affacta of taaparatura, duration of load, , aad contact vltb rater noth* bood etreagtb of tba adbaalvaa vltb laad adharaad. flood ebacka bar* baan obtalnad vltb tba aanufacturar*' raportad raluaa for tbalr adbaalraa, but It la fait that furtbtr InraatlgatloM ara raqulrad bafora daflnlta ccoclotloo* can ba raacbtd. 9. IM-kl Aa loraatlaatlon of th* Cocrcralon of Articulate Laad to Wrought fora*, Aatrlcaa Baalting A Bafining Coaster, kr. B. X, Hova . Tba raaulta of cur fuadaaantal raaaarch prograa Ut~8 00 laad pordar aatallurgy bar* dMooatratad that wrought product* aada froa oartala particulate laad ccapoaltloo* bar* propartlaa ruparlarto tboa* of otaaoa laad allay*, lb* objactly* of tba praaaot prograa la to daralep, by aaaa* of laboratory taatlng, technical data vbleb will ba valid la eeaaarclal production aatbod*. frlaary aapbaala la plaead on tba Inrao* tlgatloo of tboa* problaa* th* aolutlon of vblch will abortaa tba Up batvaaa tba Initial daralopaaot of A auparlor laed alloy tod It* or--arcla) appUeatloo, dines there m three sourea* of disparted particle* la the copper* laad powder product*, via., (l) ooppar, (2) FbO (aoluta), (3) surface oxldaa, tha coctrlbutloo of each phase to tbe atretgth and ductility la 9 Uportant knowledge. Previous Investigation* bar* abova that corrodl^ laad powder with 0.6$ cry*an prevent bad a taaalla strength of *000 pal, with aa elongation of 18$. Creep taata on tbaae apeclnen* 1bowed axcallaot rtsletaae* at 30C. la rlew of tbaae blgb raaulta with lead free of copper and vary low la aoluta oxldaa. It vaa decided to aaa aa a ' c; heels for coasjparlaoo with the copper-lead alloy* the propartlaa of tba particulate laad product*, Thia coBparleoo would glva an ladleatloa of tba cootrlbutloa to strength of aurfaca oxide v*. copper end aoluta AO dlaparalooa. Tba affect of tba aurfaca oxide was atudlad by subjecting tba powders to various degrees of surface cxllatloo; followed by covet ing, extruding, and taatlog. Thla would teat tba aqulpnant and provide e basis for tba evaluation of tba contribution of tba copper Is relation to tba aurfaca odda. It was noted that tba taaalla propartlaa of tba corroding lead powder epeclacna were superior to those of tba east end rolled corroding Iced. Tbe higher tensile strength end lower percent elongation la undoubtedly due to tba fine lead oxide dlaperaloo In tba laad natrlx. Aa tbe aoount of oxygen lncraaaaa, tba taaalla strength laeraaaa* and tbe ductility decrease*. . ... , - Jf'-e Dpoo receiving the lead-copper powder, tbe aaterlal waa cbodcally end spectrograpblcally analyxed, and was acreeoad Into aavaral aliafraction* and atorad. Meaeurenant* of nasb sixes of the powder showed tba range produced on ccnerclal egvdpatat sa ICO, *32$, and -32$. Cosparatlv* taata on varloua powder six** are expected to aetabllab a aaoalbla balance batvaan lagrovad propartlaa gained by goleg to finer - powder alxaa end tbe Increased cost of these powder*. ^ * Poow Taaoerature Tecell* Properties of Tarloua Site PmctlOM , of Lead-Copper Powder Alloy . > . ... Alloy Keab Site Tensile Strength j Docnetlon t 95 K>-5 On 95 Pb-5 cu 95 Pb-5 On -60 *60 -100 *1$0 -*00 *32$ *090 *870 ' *880 >; St 0 SO 0.** A`. 95 rt-5 On -325 37*0 IT 0.68 The date in Table X clearly Indicate that hi(bar atratgths occur In the vary floe particle fractlooa. This la probably due to a ccabinetloo of floe oxide strengthening and tba yraaebca of a greater anount of fine copper particles In this fraction, it la interacting to note, however, that blgb teoatla propartlaa were obtained with the large alts fractlooa. Ibis Indicates that tba cheaper coarse fraction should still be consi dered along with fin* fractions, -16- tea.' ;ia'Say!,a-.a^iri*!>& $ " ''- > > %. To test the affect of duratioo of load oo the strength of the alloys, tvo enmew testing procedures vara needs 1) Maestri!* etraee to fracture aod a) Masurlog *train n. tlM at a apeclfle load fracture (creep). Btrea-to-rupture teate vara conducted oo a flat fractloo (-J25 aeah) aod a octree fractloo (>100 eljo Meta) of ttae l*ad-5Jt oopper alloy powder, ft* raassite showed an locraaee In etrenctb of ttae dlrpereloc taardaaad alloy* over ttae artenlcal aad obMloal lead,but the ductility aa lower. ft* creep teate at yfic are being ooodueted lo a cocatent tanpareturs root, but eloce ttaa creep epaclMoe bar* been la teat for only a abort period of tlM, steady-state creep rate* caaaot be reliably given at tble tlM. Kiesrated teeyeratstre creep teetloc at lOOflC lo aa apparatus recently cooatrocted lo tbe laboratory la under way, however, d o coodualvc reeulta oan be reported at tble tlM. IHA6 - Metallic teed ae a lubricant. Ethyl Corporation, fcr. W. 1. Perliaiela ft* Objective of tbla reeearcb pregra* la to eursrey tbe sitUlty of Mtalllc lead a* a lubricant or lobrlcaot additive. Tbla le belt* eccoepllebed by Maturing tbe effect of lead In enrloue tone on friction and wear la eliding syeteae under carefully controlled erperiwecrtal CCOdltlOM. Teate aad etodlee are oootlaali* on tbe frictional properties of lead fllne and lubricants containing aetalllc lead end tbe findings of tble reeearcb srlll be reported la the near future. , Pevelocoent of^tbe bJ(. Prooaae.Hba j_______ alters tty. Ltd., kr. 1. L. J. Oakley, ft* DJI. Process is tbe raesilt of e technological developasnt which provider a Mane fcr tbe continuous catting of tbla lead (beet directly frea nolten Mtel. Materiel as tbla as .010 Inches baa been successfully cast add tbe quality of tbe sheet le surprisingly good. Different thick* tee can be cast, within s reasonable range, without requiring charges Is tooling. Tbe Broken Bill Associated Bneltera Pty. ltd. bee operated Intermittently e DJI. Continuous Casting MChloa for seas Mm aad baa prodoeed considerable quantities of light weight sheet. Tble sheet has bees used principally for trial Installations as a roofing twferane and for sound Insulation. , - >"'-: Stated In elaple terns, tbe DJI. Cootlnoooe Casting aachlna la a collate aad integrated lnetallatloo for tbe cocvereloo of soltea lead directly Into ebeet form. Tbe teals operations consist ofi Lead Ingot li ciirttl Into tha melting tank to which beat la avppllad by tha oil burner. It* maltaa lead la pug*d up to tha roll bath. A rotating waver-cooled Ina la lowered Into tha bath of molten load. A thin layer of tba laad adbaraa to tba aurfaea of the drua and, aa tha drua rotataa, tba laytr of lead can be peeled off aa ahaet of load. After paaalec tba teuton roller*, tha laad abaet la trlaoed to tba pacified width and wound onto a real. Tba proceee can be continued aa loot aa da*1red, and a variety of thlcfcneaeea can be obtained by adjust!^ tba apaad of the operation and varylb( tba depth of Immersion of tha coating drw. Tba necbloe produce# lead aheat lo V* caat* condition frcn a minima of .010 lncbaa to a earl mm of .061 Incbaa thick at speeds retail* froa 30 to 100 feat per tfoute. Tba repreeentatlve output la 70 feat par minute at .0}2 Inch thickness, which la equivalent to 12,000 lba par bour for IB* wide ahaat. Matarlala which can be aoccaa*fully caat by tha 01 proceee Include vmrlcua laad alloys as well aa aarket laad. Tba laad alloys tend to form a beerier sheet than aarket lead, tba tendency being to all appearances proportional to tba freating range of tba alloy, with an apparent -- acceptable freeting range cf about 7 to ltfl C (12 to 16 f). Lead alloys which have bean cast by the Dt procaaa laelade the . tollaUBti . iasA 99.1% 99.1% 90.0 "Sia.- Antlaonr 0.9% oa% 10.0 f *; na t*f 62.0 VI Tba IM Coatlauoua Casting nacblnt la autcaotle la operation, apart ` frem stopping and startings and one nan can operate the --hint effect* .. Ivaly. Tba need for extra help la governed by tba available facilities for tha changing of reals and the handling of laad pig. Many of the factors governing sheet production by this Method have bean evaluated. However, tba parameters of tha procaaa, in respect to such features aa abaet gauge, unifondty of gauge, sheet eurface finish, and abaet composition bare not been determined. With grovlig interest la tha use of laad for sound Insulation, It ban been expedlest JO V -,t) concentrate on tba production of ahaat for trial Installations^ however* aa tba atudy of laad in this field of use has progressed, It Ytraat apparent that abaet of aore varied properties will be required, for example, H appears that there nay be a dinar,d for D.H. sheet la geee outside tba range of 1 to k lba./*q.ft. la which experience baa previously bean gained. Likewise, la other applications, It la desirable, to know tha limitations on tba production of ahaet 1a tba known and potential Industrial alley* of lead. It la reasonable to expect that the malting rang* of such alloy* would b* a doadaant factor, and there era Indication* that if this range exceed* about 6C.. a coherent ahaat cannot b* formed. 18- Par torn applloatloo*, It ml / well to lapartaat to aanra ttot particular aurfaca floltb abould to prcnrldad oo tba ahawt. Uhll* m of tb* factor* corarnin# *b*t aurfaca tor* toan analMd, * vor* detailed end mtantic ttudy la re?ulr*d tofore this featur* e*s to brought under full control. To develop tb* full poUotlelltla* of tb* EJt. OoctlDucua Ceatlac ProMti, tbl* paop1-- 1* ooncToad vith lnv**tlBtlae* of tb* follovlag ftotUTMl 1. Practical llxltaticcia of b*t can* ritUa acceptable level* of gauc* unlforxlt/ ana surface flnleb. C. Liedtln* vain** Of lead aUo/ propartlae, aapaelallp llquldue-eolldu* race*. for caattnc by tb* DJU froc*** 3. CoBtrelllac factor* vltb ra*p*ct to *b*t finish for lead and alloy* ovar tb* naff* of jaactleabl* saoffM. Tb* object 1* to develop tb* proca** to cover aa aid* a ru(* of atg* a* poealbl*. la particular vltb a rlav of providing ab*at la tb* gauge* and aurfaca condition* lUcb aay b* required for couad attenuation purpoaaa. Tba affccto of variation* la tb* following factor* *ro twins rtatM ad their Influence vpoe tb* *b**t building procaa* vlll to d*t*nda*&: Casting roll d--*'* * -- Boll speed! . .. HoUdlaMteri Roll flnltbi L**d teaparat* toad elrculatlvB rww, Veter t*n iratur* and flew. Tbl* verb 1* carried cut Initially vltb B.IJ1.8. nerket l**d but vlll tbaa to eacteoded to cover a raac* of load alloy* loelodlag aatlaoalal laed lead-tin, solders, Npptr-lwd, tollurlnlad etc. 'J . x. ceaacAL f s o q r ams 1. IC-18 - A fuManenttl Study of Organolcad Cb^detrv. Organ!ech Cbeoiech lutltuut, T.I.O., Utrecht, fetetherlande. Dr. OrJJt. van tat lark Reeearch oa tlx exploration and gyotbeile of Dev orginolaad ;/tdt continued vlth the preparation and etudy of trl- and dlorganolaad aalta for poealble nev appU cation#. A maber of tn aalta are daacrlbad. Tbe raactloo product of lead chloride and butylaagneelue breedda, thought to coo*let Balnly of tetrabutyllcad (an eesentlal Intermediate la the prepare atlon of dl- and trltutyllead aalta), proved to be nearly ccepletely hcxabutyldlleed. ^ la tbe vork on the raactloo of lead chloride and pfaeaylaagneelw bromide, dlpbenyUead, an unetabla lotaraedlata, vaa obaenrad to hydrolyxa eaelly Into load oxide and beatene. Thla raleaa cooaldarable doubt about the Identity of the ecapound daacrlbad ae dlpbanyllaad la the literature. Trlmethylleed hydride vaa prepared and Obteilaed la eolutloo, and eoae raactlooa vlth It vere undertaken. fb* preparation of hexapbcnyldl lead frtm lead chloride and phenyl* negneslua bromide vaa Much Improved by the uee of aa axeeea of load cnlorlda and by a careful adjuetaant of the raactloo Umparatmaa la the eereral pbaeaa of the prcceee. Experlaente 00 the etaMlltatloa of PVC by organoleed ccapouads Indicated that certain organolead compound, can be eueceaefUlly appllad aa baat-atablUiara for PVC. Tbe effect la clear both vlth ruepeneloa PVC and with aaulaloa PVC. Tbe aoat Interacting ocapusdi found that fur era and tritutyllead acetate. Tbeee cocyounde probably oaa coapwte vlth atabllltara baaed 00 barlix-caAdcm or la acme eaeee even vlth dlbutyltla dilaurate, and are aore affective than laorcanle lead eteblllxera. ,, la further reeearch, the preparation of bexapbanyldllaad vaa lnveatl* dated aore cloeely, la particular the coodltlooa vhlch allov for the alaultaneco* formation of tetrapheoyllcad. It vaa ahova by aeparata experiments that the parent Grignard compound doee not catalyie the trans- - foraatloe of haxaphenyldllaad Into tetrapbenyllead; neither doee lead chloride Inhibit the traoeforaatloo. . -^r lba solubility vaa dataralned of a ataher of c*f*** veter. Tbeee figures vlll contribute to tbe understanding of blologlcel activity dau. -V` Prelladnary reporta on Insecticidal activity of orgaaolaad otmpounde bowed that against clotheetHtbe the lover trlelkyUeed acetetee have a ladler activity ae ICC. la acme further anti foully ecreenlng experlaente of a ill|btly ' different eet*up the alglktatlo activity again vu found to be very later* eating, furthermore, tbe antlfoullig prograa vae continued vlth a aore axteoalve laveetlgatloa of the aoet prcalaleg cocgounde tinder actual eerrlce coodltiooe. t i Bm propertlaa of trlffeanyUeadllthlaa were lnrartlceted la greeter detail to drternlee the uaefulneaa of tUi eceqooad m aa lntarnedlete. It proved to I* a ccnpccod (table under nitrogen at rocn temperature, howrtr eagerly reeding with oxygen to yield hexapbeuyldilead and trlpfcenylleed hydroxide. A reaction with hentylchlorlde yielded nearly quantitatively benxyltrlpbesylleed. Broalnation lad cdy partly to the trlphenylleed feraride to be expected. The eyntheele of the rad crgenoleed ecopound (IWV), wee laprorad - fey ualeg dlpbenyUeed aa the darting product lneteed'of*trlphenylleed* llthltn. the feraetlon cc^prlaea a aliltaneoua hydrolyale aad ecddetlon. Ifee ccspvol appeared to fee aore (table agalnet hydrochloric add thea egaloct para eater. Partial lodlnation of the red yielded about three anlae of trlpbenyllead iodide par aole of Ph^Jb. pointing to a branched etrocture of Rt-Pb, vberala tha tripbenylleed croupe are already jnMOfe* A tliaa-aarlnc aathod eaa daralopad for tha eyntheela of trlbuftyllaad acetate, for thla purpoee crude bexabutyldlleed eaa converted directly Into trltatyllead acetate fey (baking a eolation la acetone vlth acetic add aad hydrogen peroxide. * % Other orgaooleed ealta vera again prepared for evaluation purpoeee. Orcanolaad eeepounds vere dlrtrlbuted far laveetlgatione on cetalyde or eeterlflcation, nod preeervatloo, and antlfoulltg. ic-gfl Organolced Cbedrtrr. Qaarteraaatar Beaeareh and tuglateriDg Ciianml, tr. A. V. Creba, Sr. Malcola C. 8eary Sr. Tor*ten Baaaelatrcn, Or. 8. Dadd Bailey Curing tha period of thla report, the program of eyntbeeltl^ new orcanolaad ccapotmda haa continued to center around thoee centalnl^ both lead and coiffeur atcae. Aa tha taatlnc progrea feacana acre Intcnelve, tha Dead for anffldant quantities of tbaaa new caqnuoda oacaadtatad raaynthealalnc all of tha ccapounda nada to date. She taatlnc procraa haa been extended aad tha follow!^ organltatlcne here received laapiie of all orceoolaad conpounda prerloualy aystbacliad and will continue to receive all Daw ccnpounda on a occtloulcg feaala. ;%! a. Worcester foundation for Bxperlaental Biology Shrewsbury, Naaa. t <Q .VC fe. 0. 8. Bapartaant of Agriculture Pesticide# Branch Bathaada, Maryland J a. Patlocal Institutes of Health 3 Drug Development Branch Cancer Chemotherapy Rational Service Outer 4 Betheada, Maryland Preliminary raaulta froa The Wore*alar Foundation for Experimental * Biology have bean received. Methods, Interpretations, implications, ate., of the** taata ara dlacuaaad In a new book adltad by B. I. Dorfmaa, % -Experimental. and Biological That Methoda,* Academic Praaa, 1962, la addltloa to resynthesizing all nav orgeaolead compound*, some efforta vara devoted to studying the reactloe batvaan tetrapbeoyllead and thlopfceool*. Only email aaounta of product* could be laolatad. Increaleg the temperature of tbeae reactloe* could not be employed aloe* the expected product* ara known to decoapoae at higher temperature*, this reactloo appeara not to be very aatlafactory for the ayntbeala of orgtoolead-sulphur compousd* of thla type and will not be further Investigated. Bls-thlaacetyl dlpbeoyllead, (CgHjJjFb (9C(0>Ch J j , va* aynthaalaad by the reactloo of dlphesyllead dlcblorld* with lead (12) thlolacatat*. Jhla cream-colored compound wee ayntbeelted la order to cooper* with the. moooaubatltuted compound, thloacetyl trlpbeayllead, (C^)^Fb0C(O)CXp which la preliminary tecta at the Worcester Foundation for Experimental *ln1"fT waa found to be active. A maauecrlpt entitled *Syntbe*la of 0rg*nol*ad*9ulfur Compound** waa . prepared and la to be submitted to the Journal of Organic Chemistry. TMi - Mauaerlpt describes tbe Important results of thla program's efforts over . the past mootha. . v -.1 ' i1* morl ham heea devoted to the levastlgatloa of reactloot oThaka-'.^t; pbesyldllead which baa recently attracted atteatloo because of Its Inter* . eating biocidal properties. More detailed knowledge about tha types at reactloo* It will undergo appeared worthwhile, particularly In view of the fact that few reactloo* have been carried out on this compound la the past. It warn decided to study Intensively tha reactloo* of hexapbenyldllead with five different compounds Judiciously selected so aa to learn as much about this compound am possible and to clear up several conflict^ ,, result* appearing In the literature. Ihe reactant* selected were Ij2-41* hromoathaae, acetic acid, thlolacetlc acid, sulfur and tetracyanoethyleo*. A considerable amount of basic Information about bexapheoyldllead baa . been compiled and should be mad* available to the acieotlflc coinuslty at * large. As a result of this work, a aaauscrlpt 1* In the process of belHI prepared. Tbe lnfornetloo 00 hexapbeoyldilead should be of value whan useful application* of thla Interesting chemical ara forthcoming. 3* tc-3fc - ABtlcorroelve PropertlM of lead ptgnegte in Mater ^ Peduclble ferrou Hetal fcrUr !fte *-(1- rr~*,,y~ | KrT B. R. Haroer, fa J. hughee. Jbe objective of thla proeraa la the devalopwat of voter aleclhle prlaer* for farroua aetala vhlcb vlll utlllie the powerful aatlcorroelve prcpartlaa of lead ooatounrt* la (table paleta vlth aatl(factory vorfclm properties. Work continued oo tba testing of eavaral lead-organic preparations for possible aatloorroalvo properties la boat curing system; end tba evaluation of rtlr-ln addition* of finely divided Metallic lead la water reducible beat cured system. Travloua raporta covered taata o. tba aatlcorroelve propartlaa of a nuSber of load praparatlooa aaoci vhlcb vara lead-phenol aad lead-eapthol raactloo producta. Ibaee Materials vara eoaevbat effective aad bad Internetlog propartlaa. Baaca a rapaat croup of praparatlooa of a slightly broader array of orcanle hydroxyl eoapouads vara aada 0*1:4 a praclpllatloa frm eolutloo Method ratbar thaa tba direct raactloo batvaaa litharge aad tba areoatlo or coodaoaad ring hydroxyl coapouad. tbaaa producta prorad to ba axcaaalraly reactive la tba paint foraulatloea aad gelUag prevented tbalr taatlag. Doing tba previous direct Method a amber of praparatlooa vara aada freo vhlcb palata aultabla for taatloc vara obtained. tba oaa of floaly dlvldad Metallic lead la both arrallabla form- aa powder and aa a laaf- vaa aralaatad la tvo typaa of vatar radoelbla baat curloc foranlatlooa. Altbougb lta addition to tba control fonailatlca containing d o load plcaaat produced Ugeoved protection, tba raaulta vara aot equal la protection to that obtained vltb aa active corroeloa : lbblbltlve pigBact, la thla oaae, Uilc laed-etllcc-ehrcMetc. ebaracterlatlca aa to raalrt bUrtaring la tba aalt fog cabinet for a very alolarn of 850 hours (and preferably vary aucb locker), tble bUstarlig reelataaca la aaally accomplished vltb baat cured forsulatlons. tba , , . problaa my ba daacrlbad aa developing a vahlela vhlcb by a aultabla choice of eolveate or cbmloal acaata vlll develop the daatrabla flla . . ebaracterlatlca upoo air drylac that are obtained by baat curiae. St appear# probable that ecm of tba axparlaaatal air drylsg vahlela ccahlaatlona would aaad laaa "treataant* tbaa otbara to produce a eeotlauoue flla, aad yvt In tbalr air dried atata vould fail la tba aalt fog cabinet vary quickly, tba ittapt vlll ba aada to obtain significant data by force drylac tba air dryltg formlatlona at aeveral ,tmparaturea aad correlating any laprovsaaat la aalt fo* raalataaca vltb tba tapm* tura Ineraaaa thlch produoad It. tba hypcibMle la that vablclaa vboaa aalt fog raalataaca can be aucb 1^-rored by a (Mil rlao la drylm tenperature aay alao ba aora aaally 1proved by cbttdcal or aolvaat odl flcation* thaa rahlclea that do aot ebov mch MTOrmaot vbaa the drylac tem**ture la reload. 3 sy haaad oo that* cocaidaratloaa, lsvaatlgatloc* war* coetlouad oci (1) the daaalopaaot of boat curli* Mtr reducible antleorroalaa lead plgaent prlaar for ferrou* aurfacoa with practical torf* atabllltjr and application propartlaa) (2) tb* develop--at of aa air dry vatar reducible aolatanacce type antleorroalaa load plg--at prlar with good durability and applieatloa propartita. Scraral baat cured atar thinned paint* with both different aatoelae aad plg-statlon wn need aa baaa fonulatlooa far the tatting of eareral astlcorroelv* plg--at*. Oogarlaooa of tha raaulta of tba aavaral vehicle# can only b# --da la a qualitative wooer aloe# complete aarlaa of paint* vara oot taatad. Tba following fount* era Juatiflad with raapact to tha apaclfic taata parfM--di Calclun aad aloe aolyMata plots!* war* without algolflcaat antlcorroalva propartlaa la Aroloo yA/Vrltx K-JJ. Aroloa 32b, and 7117*18 vtfclcla, vbco oaad at 3$ PYX gar* tlgolfleastly battar mat protection tha* Aroloo jpb/tyiax g-33 at J2.3 PYX. Tha Aroloa JOA/tyiac 1-3J ocnbl cation appear* to btva graatar atorag* atabllity with baalo laad alllco chronat* than elthar Aroloa 32b or 7117-18. / _ ' lha Taag Oil vablcla Z-120-A appaara to bar* oo* good flla propartlaa hot to ba aaoaltlvw aad require* further atudy. land phaoolata gar* vary good mat loblMtloo la Aroloa 30b/tylas #.'.'-yutw SsS *-33. and four pbaoollc type cc^oucda (both alpha aad.batat flaphtholoUj j *;'v<4,Wl*oolataiigadta co-praclpltaUd pfcaoolatatmeat*) gtv*. food ` -V' i^aibltloa la Aroloa 32b. a T^wratoraa la axcaaa of C25P. ar* apparently aaadad to altar tha flla characteristics of aa air drying water thlnatd antlcorroaiwa prlatr. Expoeur* taata 00 ataal aagfcaale* that for durability tha antlcorroalwa prlaar should ba protected by aa approprlato top coat.. ; tha flla thlekaaaa of tha prlaar la directly related to the ruat pravastioa It will give hut a coral flla of prlaar aad a tollable top coat 1# aor* raalrtant tha* aa equivalent thlekaaaa of prlaar aloaa. -!- .. ' - . - . .f i, _____1 tha eouraa of thla worh a attabar of beat corl<i~w^irr*dtMlbla xparlaaotal palata haw* above axeallaet eorroalca raelataoca uc aalt fog taata. Tfcaaa axparl--ntol paint* la scat loataocaa bad other propartlaa that wxtld prexact thea frea being coealdarad aa practical fOroulatloe*. A group of pal ota baaa baaa aad* which concern foraolatloa aarlabla* with aavaral aabtcla* and Ichlbltiv* plg--at*. both Mirant and water thinned proprietary palate uaad la tha autoooUaw field are Included a* control*. v.s ::k .:/. - /yUf5-^ r-k. ** * i f1 j j ?; j-$ A osv exparlaental ill drying vehicle wi tested vlth basic lead sWcochrcaet* ml tbs resulU obtained in very prcodslig. Further testing vlll be done. Jlnu for future etullee of lead ccnpounda aa mat lnhlbltlw additions to veter thinned prlners sr* outlined along the 11m of cootrolllig tbs basicity and solubility of the effictln ccc^ounU through the use of alxturea of ocepouods or double wlti> A. ICJ - las0 Coapoonds aa tuhrlcants and Lubricant Additives. Corporation, Rr. E. Baida, Hr. tt, . Psrtlatela This research 1* cooeerned vlth tha applicability of load m lubricant addltlvee. On* ccapound la particular above excellent stability orar a relatively vide range of. temperature aad la appradaetely tan tinea aora afflclaot then available ccnerclal additive cnyoaii. Several of tbaaa ccsgounds vara developed aa part of a fundaaaotal research affort vhleb tba Industry (a undertaking oo tha synthesis of crgano*leed ccapounds. Interestingly enough, ooa of tha co^ounda studied behave* aa aa antl-lufcrioant. tha aueeaaa achieved to data points tha vey to rrwsulal flrrilofant of thaaa addltlva cagounda for labelcast fwulatlona. 5. LC-SO - Tbs Pee of toad Pigasnts In Air D-rina Watar Reducible Paint* for Uooj. tba ZaclaM'lchsr CXmanr. Ur. H. Barer tha Objsctlw of thla project la tha dawlopasnt of aultahla paint feraulatlooa containing laad plgnents la vatar baaed reMclaa, that can be applied directly to vood.1 tha critical problaaa are thoaa of obtalnl^ aetlafactory drying 00 vooda aueh aa Weetarn Rad Cedar without stainli* . from the vatar aoluhla^ccagiaoasU fJhe wood,,, ' " .................. " ' ~ the flrat part of tha vork parferaed during thla report parted Involved tha gatbarlng of data 00 tha relative staining cbaractartatloa of several lead plgaaote la three vater redaelbla vehicles. An laportaok part of thla vork vea tba further davaleplng and uaa of a laboratory etbod of evaluating atelnlng *Ailch vcwld be capable of reprotoelble results, Tvo aeries of staining tests haw bean wade, tha complex nature of tha staining prcblsa la apparent then tha variety of raaulta Obtained . vlth each vehicle and pigeent la eooalderad. In tha fonulatleee and vehicles tested, the 6} basic lead elllcete vaa eeealetent la staining, though tha lnprovaaient vaa not the saae la eachytMele. *<-- of tha laad plgaanta ahovad noo-atslnlng propertie# In only ooa vehicle. Seale laad rerboosts and lead slllco-tltenatc apparently have no anti, atalBleg properties la any of thaaa three vehlclee. Za tha course of further raaaarcb, tha vork vaa ooooaraad vltht 1. developing a asthod of measuring aad reporting the degree of staining shown by a serlse of vsUr reducible paint ayataae ca Western Rad Cedari >. Inwatlgatlag tha atalalng, dryiig, and resultant file properties of such prleers cootalnlng laad plgaanta. 1 - `tYA'-l.. i" ' ..1 r-;T-- .:v'-A*v-rr.*:'.- ^ A " 4 v, wWiTur*, $ sT~ -..A- - tba stains produced Id water reducible paint flla by tbs water extracted colored ccagooents of the wood vary front deal In both oolor and th# amount of staining. Black nnd-JwWte photographs of a aarlaa of panala do not necessarily five tba correct relative' Information on their staining because tha color of tba ateln fella aalnly In tha yellov through rad and of tba apectrua. Ihe naa of flltora and penchrcmetlo fUn emphasises aaaa atalna and minimises otbera. Measuring tha light raflactad la tba bine-green portion of tba spectra, Wblch la strongly abaorbad by tba yellow brown ataln gave natari ml valuta. Which if raportad aa per cent change In rcflactloo, were la raaaonabla agreement with visual cogerleooa of the teat peaala. Both a Oenaral Eleotrfo Recording Bpectropbotcarter (operated aa a reflection water at tba elngle wave length, V80 aa), and a Pbotorolt Apparent Daylight Reflectance Meter (using a green filter) geve eetlefactory results. The greeter sensitivity of the epectropbotoneter end the resulting wider niMrlcal range of wain# wakes It tba preferred laetnaast >Aea available. tba preparation of wood panels for exposure testing shewed that tba length of tlwa that tba water reducible primer waa permitted to dry before the top coet vea applied bed a wary reel afreet oo both atelalag and tha Integrity of tha paint system. Urge differences la behavior were obeerred among the ala vehlelae teeted. tba preeeaca of a lead plgwaat (8$ llaalc teed Silicate) ceuaed further variations, tba lead plgwant acted to reduoe staining but did not cc^letely ellwlnate It la all vehicles. Allowing tha prlwar to dry for lb days before topcoatlng reduced the staining and produced fllws free tnw visible defects. Savaral aarlaa of panels have bean prepared and exposed, these eon* Mn cowperleooe of lead compound*, vehicles, and topcoat fcxanlatlcea. , tba work la pregr*** la prtnarlly eooctrued with followlig np tbe wnpoeura :-m teats now on tha teat fanes. Addltlooal Vahlclaa WUl ba tested aa tbay baccwa available, sad aa tlwa permits. 6* UC-61 teed In Mastics. DtBsll d Richardson, Xno. tbla recently Initiated progrew le ccoceraed with ta exploratory review of the plastics industry, In aa attempt to determine erase where leed can be need to edvantege for tha Improvement of properties sad the development of worthwhile issd-plutlcs ocwblnetlooa. tgtuli will be placed oo the following proposed workt 1, Proper* flexible abeeta of plasticised polyvinyl chloride'and of cured butyl rubber with a wirtaw ccctaot of finely powdered (a) lead and. (b) lead eulflAa, to deters!aa tha possible erteot of loading and the physical characterletice thus obtained. Cry to establish whether there would be acoustic advantage In m lead foam sheet. Consider sound Insulating wall ccoatructlooe. *. Investigate possible electrical usee, especially Is cable and radiation shielding. t(c 3. Barla* furlcl4al axparlaaea aod attest to rtlt< it to u*Si la tha pUatlc* lodaatiy. k, Bariev aod corral*t tb* cbaale*l ataea of lotroduclag load Into or on loot lloaar aolaculaa by coedanaatloo, by aloyl darlvttlvaa, by aoalogiM* of allloooa tacholqua, by faradof laad polyaarle aalta aod otbervla*. Sm flodlia of thla piograa vUl ba avalaatad aod prcadalac araaa ill than ba oooaldarad for furtbar raaaarch. T. IC-69 - Variation of Ataoapfatrlc load Coocectratloo aod Troa tilth Partlda Bit*, Stanford Kaacarch laatltota, Mr. X. Boblnaoa Bill prctraa lnrolra* ao loraatl^atloo of tba chaalcal oc^oaltloc aod alia rang* of partlcalata Xaad vblcb aay occur la tha ataoajbara. thla la a aaw project daalgnad to aecnailata fuodaaaotal loforaatloa la tha field of ataoapharls chartitry. ( 8. toad to Ceramic HtUrlili - yellowahlp PTOgran * tC-U High Bxlaalon lead Qoepcunda, Ifcv Tort Pnleeraltr, hUov A. Hacbonla, fcrofeaaor E. Killer, Profaaaor 1. Codoff 1b# lofrated ebaorptloo-emlMlon cbaracterietlc* of ImI cospouad* Mr loveatlqatad la this fellowship project la aa effort to dateralaa the relationship# between tb# bulk characteristics of tba natertol sod It* optloal properties. Ibis pr(raa bo* b**o concluded aad * final report U belo* prepared. b. IC-12 - lead olsua for fast Wring Bodies, Cleaeoo Agricultural Oolleg*, fellow S. 6. dolenen, Prof***or 0. C. Itoblnaoo Ibis progrsa u inactive during the 1961-1962 acadeado year due to look of a eultabla fellovtblp candidate, but ha* bo w been reestablished, fb* fellow assigned to tbl* reKerch 1* Kr. X. 0. Colema aad work os tb* project bae be*uo with tb* 1962-1963 aoadeale year. As outline of pacific procedure* to be followed In thle work 1* la preparation end will be reported abort!?. ZB broad terns, two topic* are being eooeldered for Investigation. The flret 1* a study of tb* partlel* ele* dletrlbutloo of tb* (leu. Effort* will be aad* to deterednewbether tb* control of partlel* ilu distribution of tb* gleu oaa be used to p*ndt erolutioo of gaseous constituents fro* tba body btfiort tb* ***Hng our of tb* (lau layer. - Use eecood topi* Involves Investigation* e* to bow feet coollo( oaa aodlfy tb* requlreasat* for tb* tbereal expansion of tb* (lau eoapand to tba tbreal expaneloo of tba body. fb*r* 1* reeeoo to thick tbat lead ' ooepouad* nay her* eooelderebl* aerlt a* oooetltuont* la fastcooUag (1*U*. .** 0. LC-ll - fbau Relationship end Wiyalcal Propertlee of Selected ^ Ceramics flysteas, PenneyIvaala State University, fellow J. W% Argyle, Frofeesor /. A. Buuwl Work eoottoued on a etudy of tba fuodaacatal* of preparatios of bl(h frequency dielectric neterlala by cryrUUlutlon of (l**u* coatalalo( considerable amount# of led oxide. Relative to tbl* objective tb* AO* KgO-SlOo y*ten 1* beln* Investigated with epeelel atteatloa to pbs** relatloaehlp* and liquid lamlaclblllty. .---.v ' ^/- 1 Curing tb* prlod of tbl* report ***pl*eof tttiauf ooapoaltloo* wr* wl(h*d out u*io( lead carbonate, barlua carbonate aad (lllcle add. On beating tb*M three cc^oaeat* together, *aaple* beoaa* dark (rey la eolor aad X-ray deteralnation* (bowed that tb* (reyneu wa* due to finely divided elooectal lead, lodleatla( *ow kind of oxidation-reduction prooes* between lead aad barlua oxide* or carbonate*. Seoauu of tbl*, future batch** were aad* la oc* of two way*. - - V- A. 1b* lead aad barlua carbonate* vtr* reacted mpalately with (lit* *1* add aad tb* lead aad barlua (lllcate* fomed ver* than nixed to(*tb*r aad (lvea tb* required but treatments. ... ..jr > * -26- i 8>;;a*s2jjjj5&&0' . -.w.:3&k.y vj*-jrr{V't*rp .S^.-ffs^ \S- : '< -* cyt30^f-i^' ^n&AfrAvii'i 'iiiil^feifeitii^&iSiM^S^^iifiaSiia V B. hrauj batch** w*re tdx*d ualeg elmdy prepared lead *lUoet*e, barlu* *lllo*t*a and leed-berltn ellleat**. Both of th*ee mtboda war* sucemiful la *ll*lnaUng th* fnrmtloo of lmtntal load. Partial ubaolldua pfaaaa relation* vara dataraioed for th* ay*ta FbO-8aO-810,, aod tvo ternary coapouada, HjO.BaO.2S10. and JHi0.Ba0.S810. ---*-r--*--f-o--und. . Solid eolation vu found along -t-h-*---H---iO- ..88lIO0..--RFjO---.B---a--O--.-2--3--1-0. 2 }oln and a (mil arm of two liquid separation waa detected la th* ttaerrn: ary *r*t*a. further lnrutlgatloca d*t*ralo*d th* pbaa* ralatlooahlp* aod liquldM t*ap*r*tur*a (wb*r* po*lbl) for th* *ytt*n PbO.810. B*0.810j. Oat eopouad, PbO.8*0.2310., wt found which tala* both PbO and BaO Into aolld aolutloa. Solid *olutloc 1* nor* axtaoalr* oc th* PhO-rlch aid* of Rj O. BaO.28102. Olaaa-formtloo 1* Halted to region* arouad PbO.810. and BaO.810. aod do** not xt*od Into th* c*otr of th* ayaten. * * Ihli fellowship progrea ha* b**o extended through tha 1962-1963 a r*deal U-19 - tow Tp*teture load toamla Containing M>lybd*ota and Blaauth dbcldct, Ualwsraltyof llllpot*. fallow R. B.~g g t Broftaaor B. L. Oook, Professor A.I. Andrews Aa extensive atudy oa tha o h of aoljfcdraua oxlda aa ao opartfl#r la" low firing tenp*retur* laad baarlng *namla haa now b**n completed and tbtale describing th* work ha* b**n received. th* ihetl* tea h*en prepared" by Nr. R. B. Aaln la partial fulflllmot of th* requlreatnts for a doctorat* dgra* and la abstracted below. lb* low teapernture o*a*l* baring opacity cowparabl* to tho cocveatlooal whit* toaatl* and firing t*ap*ratur* a* low aa 1200r ar* difficult to achlr*. conventional opaclflar* Jd>*n u**d la th* frit batch ar* nrl*l la larg* aaouat* ao a* to produo* *aough opacity which la turn locraa*** th* firing t**p*r*tur*. Many low t*ap*ratura whit* naatle, la which tho ' opacity la obtained by th* addition of op*clfl*r* la th* nlll, fac* th* probin of aattn***. Thau *c*a*l* ar* alao cbarecterlied by poor acid V' lealoteoee aod gloe*. S. ?r ' 1. A mtla factory whit* anaa*l wuat har* high reflectaoo*, high opacity and good whit*neat. Tb** proparti** ar* obtained by th* eryatalUaatlon of **oood pbaa*, an opaclflar, which glvta rtM to light mattering la a glaaay aetrlx. Tb* cry*tall!n* *atrlal u**d a* aa opaclflcr for tha , low twp*ratur* *oaml ahould ba *uoh that It can b* aaally cryatalilted Into Urg* ouabr of nail ciyatal* la th* l**d boro-alllo*t maml glaa* aatrla. th* purpo** of thl* lnv*atlgatloo wao to atudy tho cryatallliatloo *h*raotrltlc* of laad aolybdat* la low t**retur* anemia baaed oa load boro-allloate gUaaea. An atteapt haa ham aada to atudy tha affacta of ooocmtretloa of rarloua *oeml constituent* on tho cryatalllutloo of laad -2J- . . aolybdata, aad to mlu>t tha fsaalblllty of a lead aolybdata opacified lov tenparature nuil baric* a firing taaparature la the ran** of UOOry to 1300 F. t; A literature eurvay vu ftrat nad* of existing data oo wolaatloa aad errata111xatloo la glees** to obtain a battar uodaratendlrv ant eon* trol of opacification In eoaatl*. Tba rata of nuelaatlon and tha rata of growth and their dependence oo firing taaparatura, firing tlna ant tba eoapoaltloa of anaaal frit vere studied to dataratna tha prooasaas that j taka place ant tba varlablea that auet be oootrollad la order to obtala good raaulta. A nurfter of anaaal frlw ooaeoeltloee an prepared ant a ayrtaaatlo . coapoeltlooal avaluatloa wee carried out la order to atudy tba affacta of SIO-, IhO, IhjO aod Bj Dj oocteot oo tha cryrtallliatloo character!rtlea of lead aolybdata la lov ta^wratur* aoaaala. Tarlatlooa la tha baaa ooaposltloo ware aada. The coeyooente IcC, fj aod HoO* wn kept oocataat each being 5*0 percent. Tvo different aarlae of ccupoaltlona, tha flrat con taining 30.0 percent 810-, and tha eeooot containing 25.0 pereact 810, vara formulated. In tha flrat series, tha FtO content vaa varied from 2070 to 35-0 percent, tha Be^O content froa 1J.0 to 20.0 percent, and tha content froa 3.0 to 13.0 percent. In the aaoooA aerlea R, BajD aod^BjO. oontanta ranged from 23.0 to bO.O percent, 13.0 to 80.0 parcaot aad 3.0 to 15.0 parcant respectively. . X-ry analysts aad epectrophotonater curraa mare need to Italy the effecta of various oxides 00 tha cryatallliatloo of lead aolybdata. Further atudlaa Included differential thareal analysis (SCA) to detect thaerjratal v 'f; -r"-' growth taking place la tba frit, aad nleroacopln analysis by tha thin flla ^ .^jaathod .tacbalqua ^to datamlna tba tanparatura range .of crystal growth. Elaea tha mlcroeooptc Investigation of the heat treated thin flla of - ^ anaaal glase vaa not able to provide enough Intonation, an electron alcroacopa atudy was undertaken la ordar to know about tha cryatal habit and site ' ' 7*' of tba crystals praaant la tba anaaal glaaa. Tba Tbaala euaaerltea tba raaulta of this research project as follow*1 'jl'y l. Lead aolybdata crystallites la tba lowtauper*tore anaaal glass aatrlz Into n large nuahar of aaall crystal* and provide* to tba anaaal a high raflactano* value of 73 to 80 parcant. The opacity obtained la coaparabla to tha Kbit* anaaal* In which oonvantlooal opaclflara such as tltanla, , alreonla, and antlaony oxlda arc uaad. ~ V* 2. Tba obsarratloo of aalt ocodltloo, and tha raaulta of X-ray diffrac tion analysis of nany of tba frits showed that tba nuelaatlon and crystal growth rat* curraa tor lead aolybdata are partially overlapping. Beoausa of tba partial overlap of tba nuelaatlon and cryatal growth rat* eurras aoa* lead aolybdata * already eryaullltad In the frit and' furthar oryatalllMtlon occurred 00 beat treatment of tba frit. ). Tba varloua anaaal aooatltuaot# bar* arM lnfluaoe* on tha crystalIllation of lead aolybdatai  : . ';; :-........, ........ - a. A aodlua oxide eoeUot of aom than 15.0 percent la these anasals increases the solubility of lead aolybdata to a considerable xtat la the firing range of the aaaaal. Increased solubility of laad aolybdata ad versely affects Oa opacity. 8' , b. Oartala alolaua aaouata of (Uu forcers MOj aad hjOe, depending upon other constituents present, ara aaoaaaary for the crystallisation of laad Molybdate. e. Bodlua allleofluorlda addition up to 8.2A percent, laeraaaad tha taaparatura of serine aaount of laad solybdate crystallised la tha flit. Alao tha anouat of crystal cootact at tha aaxlmia was laeraaaad vlth la* eraaaa la aodlua alllooflnorlda addition. Ooapoaltloo vlth no aodlia allleofluorlda lad very a--11 aaouata of laad Molybdate crystallised la tha flrir* proceae of tha aaaaal aad tha opacity vaa very low. 4. Malybdetsa tiioxlda concentration froo 1.0 to 5.0 paroaot la* creaaod tha raflaetaaea value of tha annual vary rapidly. Aa aaaaal vlth 5.0 paroaot aolyWaoun trloxlda cava aa average raflaetaaea value of T5 paroaot la tha visible apaetrun for aa application of 25 graaa par aqpare foot, ft* theoretical aaount of laad aolybdata vbleh eaa be crystallised la this frit van 12.75 paroaot. According to quantitative X-ray dlffraotlon aaalyala the aaxlnia aaount of laad aolybdata eryatalllied upon bant traataaot vaa 12.0 percent at 1150 r. laeraaao In aolybdeaun trloxlda eoneaatratlon above 5*0 percent ahoved further laeraaaa la raflactaaen vnluaa but the laeraaant. vaa not too high. ..? *Uthla substitution of 2.5 percent for eoda lovarad tha tavern* two of aartnua cryatal eontaat by 75y. Iba firing taaparatura of tha 1 v m fclio lowrtd by lithU wbftitatiMa f. Potasslun oxide aubatltutlon of 5-0 and T-5 percent for aoda lovarad the laeraaaa la laad aolybdata cryatal eontaat la tha frit upon reheating, tha raflactaaoa value la tha shorter wavelength region of tha vltibia apaetrun vaa laeraaaad vlth JhO aubatltutlon. this vaa thought to bo duo to tha filer elte of tha lead aolybdata crystale, the larger tlu of 1C* looe night have retarded tha cryatal growth. "I :,..v A. Differential thereal analysis of two frits showed tha crystal growth exotbera. Iba leapsraturee of the axothornt vara close to tha teapern- turaa at which aarletia aaount of laad aolybdata cryatal content vaa observed on beat traataaot of tha frit, ha conclusive evidence of nueloetlon was observed la the CCA of tha two frita. _^ 5. Klcroaoopla obaanratloo of heat treated thla files of enasal glass shoved tha prasaaca of very avail crystals. Tha testersture range la which the crystals appeared la the thin file vaa lover than tha teapere* ture range la vtileh further crystaUltatlon was observed la tha frit upon beat traataaot. This vaa due to tha high surface to voluae ratio of tha flla. 6. Electron alcrosoope study of the lead aolybdate crystals present la tha aaaaal showed that noat of tha crystals vara needle-shaped aad sons vara Irregularly shaped. As sits of tha crystals ranged froe O.C J along i to 0.2 Micron. n wall alia of the erjr*t*l prt *a explanation for the Rayleigh Soatterlag observed la the epectrophotoaeter curve. Thla program baa baaa extended through tba I962-I963 aeadealt yaar. a. bC-21 - Dwelonaeat of laad fluxed Ceraalc Bodlee, Rutger*, lb# State Oalvvrelty, fellow jpaul Whelan, Profe**or"*j, I. Koenig Work during thla parlod nootlauad la tba area of lead-fluxed tile bodlau. Conventional cocnerclal tlla bodlaa ara balag uaad Involving tha following general typ*t Clay-talcs talc-pyropfay111ta, low aad high voile*toolte bodlaa. Tba raaulta 00 tba raw bodlaa ualag up to 10$ of tba laad flux bava baaa encouraging. A 11Mltad aaouat of work with raaetad bodlaa baa abova aarlcad laprovenente la pbjraloal pzopartlaa aad tba poeelblllty of reduclr* firing taaparaturaa. Thla progru baa baaa axtaadad through tba 1962-1963 aeadaalc year aad Mr. Paul.Vbelan baa baaa aaalgnad to thla rataarch for tba oootloua* tloo of tba project. f. If-22 - ruadaaaatal Behavior of load la Claaaea, Alfrad boivereity, fallow Michel Renault, fir. C. R. Or Thla fellowship progrwa involve* tba atudjr of tba affaet of laad and otbar constituents 00 tba pbjraloal propartlaa of varloua glass**. ttorfc la eootlaulag 00 tba construction of aqutpoaat for aaltlag laad glaaaaa, aad apparatua ara balag eoaatructad for tba aaaauraaaata of tbaraal axpaaaloe froo liquid eltrogaa taaparaturaa to tba jrlald point of tba glaaa. Maury attentloo will b* given to the PbO-KgO-SiOg glass ayaton. ''^'"^ iDurlai 'tba!ipari'odi'bf ^Me '**' crucible for aaltlag laad glaaaaa la a cloaad centalear (to avoid loaa of laad oxlda aad potash by volatilization) waa daalgaad oo tba baila of nodal axparlaaota with glucoaa aolutloea. Tha glaaa la tbla aaltlag eruelbla will ba atlrrad by tipping about a borlaoatal axla. Tha cruclbla will ba beatad by high frequency current* loducad by a water-cooled copper coll. Bqulpnent for drawing rod* from aalta la tba pi*tins eruelbla baa baaa daalgaed aad constructed. A vlacoalattar for a*aauiiag tba rlacoalty of tba **&*4 laad glaaa aalta at high taaparaturaa baa baaa daalgaad. - A aarlaa of prtllalaary nalta covering tba PbO-KjO-810, ayataa bava baaa aada la clay cruclblaa to atudy tba aaltlag behavior or. tba glaaaaa la thla ay*tea before uaklag aore refined aalta in tha platlcua aqulpaaat. Tha lead oxlda to ba aoplojrad la tha aalta of laad gla**es baa baaa aoslytad la aevatal way* aad found to ba alaoat pure Pb^\. potaah carbonate la balag analyted for tb**a aalt*. Especially pur* tlllea aaad ba* beao acid veabed aad so*lysed by evaporation with hydrofluoric aad aulfuiia aetda. Operation of three dll*too*Ur* froo -190C up to tba aoftaoltg point of laad glaaa la aleo balag atudlad. g. If-2J * Study of Pbrroelaetrlea Containing lead Compound*. OaVJrniy of (Sli7ornla, hifa.^r 1. JWWla------- Thla fallowahlp prograa ba* baaa axtaadad through tba 1968.1963 acadaaia Vrvrtjtyt-V. year sad toll involve reeearct oo tba wattle properties of leaded ferro electric ooopouads. A graduate fellow for this research bee not been appointed at tills tlae, but It la hoped that the project toll ba oonaooad tils fall. A papar oo the previous work oo 'Jtsase Relations aad Structures la the Prsteo PbO-P^5" by Kr. A. J. Hountrails baa baaa publlabad la tba Jourttl of Tba Aaerlean Oaiaale Society, Pol. kj, Mo. 6. June 1$63. b. [37 * polyaorphe of lead OrIda, PPeetsnmnsylvania State University, Professor I. toy, Peiiov [arid A. flrleefe Work la ooetlauliw oo tba study of load oxides aad hydroxides under ooodltlooa of high taaparatura and prassura. Tba purpoaa of this rassareh la to obtain a battar uadarataadlod of tbalr tharuodynatoo behavior thresh tba study of ooodltlooa of praparatloo aad stability of various load oxides aad tbalr polyuorpfca. A tbaals oo tbs work perfbned during tba I96O-I96I aoadasde ywar oo tba pbaaa rslstlooa la tba aystao lead-oxygen baa baan prtparad by Kr. V.B. Whlta la partial fulflllacnt of tba requlreoeete for bis doctorsta degree. A oopy of tba tbaals baa baan received aad la abstracts! belovj Iba prtaery objectlvea of this tbaals wars to (1) Oatartona saapdw* oally tba phases present la tba lead-oxygen systaa aad fit tba various obeervatloes la tba Utaratura Into this pattern, (2) determine tba stability mages of tba lead oxides as functions of taoparatura aad oxygaa prassura, aad (3) osasura certain physical propartlas to further character* Isa tba oxides sad Interpret tbalr behavior. 'tMtlag oatarlala used la this 'study wars as follow* ' fbOi root not njOjt PtOji furs oassleot by Z-ray. Klxad 11thane aad asaaleot. Lithane prepared bylrotberaally at 350C aad 1000 ban pressure* (basical stock. Pure itA by Z-ray. Prtparad by decoopoalag PbOj la o sealed tuba at SOO^O aad 1000 bars prassura. Prepared by dacoapoeing fto* la opes foils at 50C aad l6 Isis oxygen prassura. Cbatooal Stock. Purs PbOj by Z-ray. All atarifng naterials wsrs ebaekad for crystallographic purity. All ruse vara Identified by Z-ray diffraction using tonleo dlf- fractooatar totb copper Z *1 radiation. Tba petrographic adcroaoops was of little use because of tba dark color aad opaque nature of aost of tba eoapounda. tony aas^las vara axaataad under tba binocular slcroecope. Sydrotbarsal apparatus, cooslstlac of cocrentlonal ocld seal prassura vaasala vara used for all runs totb high pressure water, buna at vary high praaauraa vara aada la uniaxial high preseurs devices of tba krldgaaaBsaaett design. Oxyges pressure apparatus eooatruotad for this study van tt- ^ i I  lallar to thou uaad by Eblngeberg aod Itoy (1959) 1b their etuly of the ugeoefe-oxygen eyetea, tal oooalated of teat-tube bocfcs of St#lilt* -25 alloy vbleb voull vltbetaod oxygen preeaurea of 200 ton at taapereturea up to 90c6c for extended period#. Sroarl ting the work performed during 1960-1961, It can to etatad that phaaa ralatlooa la tba eyataa laed-oxygen vara loreatlgatad using high oxygen praaaura aod high hydroetatle praaaura technique#. An ap paratus u derleed for obtalalac oxygen pnmni froa $0 to 20,000 pal over a teapereture ru*e of 200 to 900C. Ooerentlooel hydrotherml aai uniaxial darleaa vara uaad for tha hydroatatle praaaura azparlatata. the principal raaulta arai (1) pbjjO^ aod fh^Oj vara aatahllabad aa valid phaaa# la tba tyeteo. Fb^jOjo la atahla at lover praeaurae; Fb,0, la atabla only above 1 kilobar, although It oay be prepared aataatably at lover praaaura#. (2) TfcOy-n vaa found to ha a high praaaura polyaotph of Pt^-l. the ualvartaot equilibrium curve for tba reactloo la glveo by tba equation: 9 7.96 t 6000 (P la la hare aod T la la C) (3) The ualvartaot equilibrium curve for tba polyvorpble traaaltloo betvaao litharge and neselcot la given hyi 9 -10,6k * 5760 .. vt, ;,.v (k) iba aolld-aolld dlaproportlocatloo raaetloa . Pbfo --t Pfc^O] no , occur# at high praaauraa. Iba aalvarlaat equilibrium: ourre la (lvaa hyi 9 -156 69,000 (5) Solid-vapor equilibria fbr tba raaetloaa 5# , . * n>xpi=Z+ 8 Vbfr 3 0^ ' 2 PhjOy*------y6 ph0 Of ^ vara aaaaurad over tba ivoga of 3 to 1000 bare oxygen praaaura. (6) Butectle aaltlng batvaaa PbO aod PbjOy occur# at 75C aod 12k bar* praaaura. . (7) iba raaetloaa * *12xJ=* PVj * ' .jS. Mr* obaarvad undtr a^ulllbrlua condition*. (6) A pbaat dlngra* writing tba praaant atatua of tba ayataa loadoxjijan m prtpand. During tba 1961*1962 acadtnle yaar, atudlaa of tba laad-ooqrgaa ayataa an continuing and lnractlgatlona bava btgun of tba phaaa nla- tlona In tba 7it PbO-PbOO,. Mira data bava baao oollaetad on tba daotrbocatloo aarlaa Pb<X>2 3Pb0.5H>00, (I) ^ FtO.PbOO, (II) ^ ZPbO.PbOO, (m) ^-FbO. Pnp*ration or3pun lntaraadlat* pbaaaa for X-ray aadJoptlcal cbaracUritatloo la prograaalng. Tba m$ar affort baa baas davotad to tba f-T dlagraa for tba PtO-C0 ayataa, and tba PbOO* ^ I apulllbrluB la known op to UO.OOO pal. Al* * though aaaantlally cSaplata, a ftv sen runa an raqulrad bafora praaantatina of tba eo^lata diagram. X-ray pattaroa ladloata tba praaaooa of a fourth lntaradlata compound. Tba Ft*aa Q flald tandnataa at an inrarlaot point la tba gtotral nalghborbood of 1,000 pal and ikePc. At tbla point, tba univariant cuiraa l?n and n ^ QX Join to fora a univariant curra at allgbtly hlgbar taapantuna and preaauiaa for tba raactloo I ; ZZI. Proa tba lattar two oaw ctarvaa appaar at a aaoood Invariant point around 0.000 pal and 575C lodloatloc tba appaaraaea of tba eav pbaaa (IT) flald and tba aquillhrlna I ^IT and IT Cl. Awa, t Invariant point* ocour, 00a tarmlDating tba flald of tba aacood oxycaibooata, and tba aaoood Indicating tba ap* paaranoa of a oaw onapound at COj pnaaurta abort 0000 pal. Tbla fallovahlp program baa baao astaodad through tba 1962*196) aomdado yaar. **;'ru icIC--91 - Iaad Qlataa for Structural Clay Product*, Qaortl* inatliuta of tvchnology, tr. W. X. Moody, Dr. L. Kltcball Tbla fallovahlp procraa rtaalna Inactive paodlnc tba appointMat of anltabla fallow to carry out tba rateareh. S/* The purpose of tbit research progren It to provide fundamental data for the interaction between cay-gen and lead under * variety of xp*rtMntal coalitions vltb rlrw to interpreting the MctunlM of reaction ad etudylxg the structure of the reaction product*. During I960, the effect of teaperatur* 00 tba stability of evaporated film of l**d wu Investigated. The activation energy of lnt*ring calcu lated fro* tb* initial *Iopt of tb* *urf*c* are* va. teapereture ctirr**, wi found to b* about 2 Kcal/aol*. Thie exceptionally low value u ex plained 00 tb* b*l* of *urfc* diffusion. 1b* change In tb* r*t* of elnterlng du* to tb* cbi*orptloo of oxygen vu attributed to tb* decrees la nobility of l**d atoua dua to tb* barrier created by *daorb*d oxygon. Although a parabollo rat* law baa been established tor tb* oxidatloa of lead at tenpereture* approaching tb* aaltlag point and abow* tb* altlag point, there 1* a lack of data at lower teapereture* and tbare- fora la tb* work during 1961 tb* tsop nature tang* to ZJyC u tudlad. 1b* teapereture range Investigated oaa broadly b* classified Into two regloo* coneapoodlng to tb* dlrialoo Into protective and non- t protectlra oxide layer beharior. Adaorptloo of oxygaa waa atudied at -IB3, -78, SO, 100, 30, and 273C and protective beharior wi obeerred at all te^wreturea up to 100C. la all oaeei up to 100C there wee an . ' initial very fast oxygen uptake, generally followed by a slower proceae which fitted a logarithmic law for the growth of the oxlda layer. - At _ , S3) and 275C tba oxidation kinetic* were coaplaxt an axpooaotial la* r- wa* observed initially, followed by an apparent linear law. Tb* latter * nay represent the traaiitloo between exponential and parabolic growth. In both region* tb* apparent activetl00 energies are low with an upper Unit of about 6 Seal nole*1 aod la both regions the rat* of oxygen uptake 1* approxllately dependent on the first power of oxygen preeeuie, euggeetlng that oxygen aoleoules are Involved in tb* ret* d*t*i*dnl^ at*p. i-'-i lb* oxide layer* which were obtained above room teeperature were Identified bar electron diffractloo aa orthorboefclc lead aside. It wee found that the initial adaorptloo of oxygen nt S1C neoltai In a decrease in the work function of the lead - apparently the adsorbed oxide loo* are buried below tb* arerag* natal aurfao*. A* tb* aurfno* ooverag** increased the eurfsoe potential slowly attained a Mali osgatire value typical of tba electronegative adsorbate. SIno* previous researob involved prtMrlly studies of dry oxygen reaction* with lead eurfeee, the present work was exteoded to *tudy oxidation in the presence of water vapor, lb* oxidatloa of lead la presence of water vapor and of carton dioxide baa been atudied by a few Si- worker* (ag. T. Xarkorle, 195$) Itolf Dggla, 19*>9) but without any ooceluilva result*. Attaacpt* bar* therefore baao Bad4 to Investigate tha affect of th*a* tubetanoaa oo the oxidation rto of load flla* aad to dataraln* tb* final product* foraad. Known aaounta of oxygen lad wUr vapor (obtain*! froa dlatUlad vator froa which dlaaolvad pia> bad baao raaorad by boiling) war* alx*d together aod paaaad loto tb* adsorption vaaaal. Aftar a fixed tlaa Interval, a aaa.ll aaount of thl* alxtur* waa taken Into tha Hilaod gxuge through a liquid air trap which frota out tha watar vapor aod tha oxygen praaaur* waa aaaaurad. lb* praaaura of BW9 la aoat of tb* axparia*eta waa about lO'^aa. of Eg, aad It waa found that oxidatloa at 20C, 100C aad 230C waa aot affactad at all br tha praaaura of watar vapor, lb* oxldatloo product* obtained at 10uC war* axaadoad by alactroo dlfftac -loo to 4*tact tb* praaaoo* of hydroxlda foraad dur ing tha oxldatloo, but only tha pattern of orthorboafeic PbO waa obaarrad. Iba total pusher of oxygan aolaculaa required to fora a protactlva layar la allghtly laaa than tha oudr required In tha abaanc* of outoa dioxide. Severer, thl* differ*no* dacraaaa* aa tba t*g>*return lacraaaa*. Iba activation energy caloilatad froa tb* alopaa of tba curvw at a point vb*ra tb* aaa* ouabar of aolaculaa of oxygan la adaortad la about $.8 K. ' Oal/aol, which la alallar to tha figure obtained prrrloualy for oxygaa alooa. Iba total ouabar of carbon dloxlda aolaculaa incorporated waa found to b* oagllglbla, aad tb* activation aaargy for tha oxldatloa raaalo* substantially tha aaa* aa la tha abaaoca of earbon dloxlda. Ibar* alao appaarad to ba a eorralatloa b*tw**n tb* rut* of oxldntloo and tba typ* of conductivity of no Which la known to tfaugi with taapamtuxw, praaaura aad tba praaaoo* of aooovalant aad trlvnlast lapurltlaa. Inraatlgatlooa war* tbarafora aada to study tha affaet Of . . _ tha asoovalmt^iap^ty^thaUlaa 00 tha .goto of oxldatloo. fllaa with varloua parooatagaa of thalUiai wart preparad by 00- >' evaporation of load aad tba111ua at dlffaraot rataa aad tha rnta of oxldatloo waa atudlad. Suplea wart aaalytad for thalllua uaing atesla abaorptloo apactroaatry. Iba aaaa typ* or txpoaantlal oxldatloa law waa found to ba obtytd aa waa prtrloualy found for pur* land, lb* dlagjna (howad tb* dapaodanc* of oxldatloo rata 00 thalllua onrtMjt at two dlffaraot taaparaturaa 20C and 100C and two dlffaraot flla thlcknaaaaa. Tbara art two dlatlnct raglooa at rooa taaparatur*. Balov about 1 p*react thalllua thara la aarkad dacraaaa la tha rata which la follovad by a ratbar alow dacraaaa varylig lloaarly with loomating thalllua coatant la tha rang* 1% - 20$ thalllua. jb# rata waa focod to dacraaaa aom sharply aa tb* flla thlckaaaa lncmaaad. At 100C tha tau dacraaaad lloaarly throughout tb* noopoaltloo raeg* atudlad. Bara again tha rat* dacraaaad aom aharply a* tha flla thlckna*a locraagad. ' further w>fk will oooalat of a study of tha oxldatloo rata ualtg tha n-typ* dop* B1J . Bomvtr it aaaa* aaaantlal to a battar underatendlog of tb* oxldatloo aacfaaalaa that tb* dafact propartlaa of ftO ba atudlad la graatar 4*tall, particularly with raftrano* to tb* ralatlv* tool* aobllttia* togatbar, If poaalbla, with aa alucldatloo of tha axact typ* of aoa*tolabloa*tiy pr**st. 37- iM.Q!#gpiU!ll.W^ ,v v '4 ,Vv-.V* A . V- i i 1 r :I 2. 18-35 - pactrochaal cal haharior of lead In Par-loue Hadla Including Cyclic ixnlltlona, Univaralty of Caa^rldg*, England, fir. 1. K. Ooata, fir. t. P. Hoar lbia prograa Io t o Iy *# the *tudy of the behavior or laad battery #ltpin in variou* a*dla end under condition* of pulad charge# baring rarfable tiring tod vare cbaracUrlatle*. Tb* object of thl* study 1 to explore the fundaaeutel nch*n1n and reaction* Involved, thareby throw ing *>re light oo tb behavior of lead and It* coopounda vhan uMd la electric storage betterlea. Aortic oorrorion of battary alactrode# under condition* of alternating currant *vg>rtspo**d oo direct current boa received vary little attention, deaplte It* Ugortance lo technical fitIda vbara leeo*pl*tly Moothod direct currant is uad. lb* praaant vork oooalata of a prelialcery study of pur* l**d la sulphuric acid under dlract currant sad ooablnrt d.c. plus s.c. ocodltlone. Bather high direct current daaaltlaa ear* u**d la sa attempt to slailat* tb* condition* durlnc too rapid charging that are known to b* deatructlve to laad accumulator grids. All axparlnact* vara p*rforord for 20 hour* at rooa t*spratur*( IT* 1SC. Oorroaloo vaa dat*rsls*d by mlghlng tb* alectrodaa b*fer* sod . afUr aach experiment. 1b* oxlda flla, *db*mt to tb* octal, vaa tbta dissolved vitb a llttla lsl hydrochloric add, and tb* *l*ctrod* vaa e*lgbm& again to determine tb* quantity of adharant oxlda. fepertment* vara carried out at dlract currant densities of 23, 50, 73, . 100 agl 130 aA/co?. 1b* *u?*rig>OMd alternating currant a* froo 0 to 8 aA/e*r. Oxygas evolution, greater at tb* higher current denaltl**, ocourrsd In all czparloant*. During tb* first fv **cood* of each p*rl*nt tb* nod** took on a brown 00loration a* oxlda foraed 00 tb*s. Nuob nor* oxlda . vaa nocodbarent and fell to tb* hottoo of tb* c*ll. . lb* result* of tbl* r**arch Indicate that tb* *up*rijq>oaltlao of up v to i>3 of *.*. oo land aaod** operating In 263 aqueous sulphuric add at 25-150 ml/es* produce* a aoall lncreaa* in tb* fraction of tb* ROj for**d that 1* adherent, and a vary sell decreea* in tb* total attack on tb* natal. This l* Mtlefactory froo tb* practical a#pact, for It indicate* that eharg- lng batterie# vitb Incompletely aaoothed direct currant vltb a fee percent alternating current rlppla at the current deoaltla* under loveatlgatloo certainly doe* no great barn to tb* anode grid*, and nay even b* slightly leaa harmful than charging vitb pure d.e. 3. 12-36 - Ugh Spaed plating of lead. Orehas, Savage A Associates. Inc. kr. I. L. Plnkartoo, fir. A. X. Oreham Thl* prograo 1* directed tovard the dcralopoant of lev cost electro plating technique* for the dapoaltloc of lead coatings 00 steal b*ete. 1b* objective of the r*a*arch 1* to creat* acoooolcally eoopetltlve matsrial* Which vlll find application in container# for nonfood product* Is architectural eoopoaant* and In radiation ah1 aiding. The oaeeaaary thlekneaae* of lead plating are being determined by oorroaloo teats which fora part of tb* progres. -33- Aa abrtract report of tha wrk performed during l$6l lncludee the following featureei 1. A o*ll dealgnad for the rapid careening of addition agnate not tha evaluation of pUt.li* variablee mo uood la oil thlo vork. 2. lbo fluoborete both u ooUctod by toot over all other avail* Ola load aolutlooa. 3. Over 230 croyoundo wore evaluated ao poeeibU addition agent#. r k. Heron ogente vora ooloctod ao euperlor 00 tb* beela of Halt* lag euiTtnt density, grain roflaonont (visually), stability la tha bath for a lot* period and under eUctrolyvle, aad ooot. r '. Tat ao-cellod ftrroxyl poroolty toot vao ooloctod froa thoee roportod la the literature, end, aftor oaroful standardisation, vao ooad to etudy the offoct of proeooolag verUbUe oa poroolty of dopoolto reusing froa 2 to 0.0$ all thick, teo oddltloo agent (kydroqulaooo) vao uood la tha bath la all thlo preliminary vork. Aa optlaua aad a aub-optlaua cysla with rocpoct to rodactloa of poroolty of tho load coating vtrt developed. 6. Tha offoct of lacroaood bath taaporaturo oa poroolty la bad for the bath containing ao ageat, but boaoflelal for tho bath with bydroqulMoo. Thlo nay bo roUtod to tbo offoct of lacroaood taaporaturo 00 grain alia la tha foraor oaoo tho dopoolt la ololbly coaraoaodt but oot la tho Uttar. T. lha optlaua aad cub-optima cycUa voro uood to proparo 0.0) all ($0 allllootho) dopoolto froa bathe cootolnlog tho aloros cboooa agoata. tha optima cycU la all caeca produced lev-poroolty dopoolto; tho other produced loo to high poroolty dopoolto, depending oa tbo agoat. 6. TVonty-flro ooapUo voro prepared for bardaooo tooting and aotal* . .V. lographlc q u o alpotion, representing pUtlog oad addition agoat varlobUo. Curing tho period of thlo report, actlro laboratory vork hao boon toeporarlly baited vblU dotalU of the tooto for load-coated con atock aad load-coated eteel for architectural appllcatlooo hare boon vorkod out aad approved. Aa outline for ataoophorlc axpoouro tooto of load-oootod etoel tor architectural applloatlooo bao boon prepared, lhe Object of thlo pro* poood oraluotloo la to determine tho offoct of tho preferred load pUtlag bath. Including tho proforrod addition agent aad operating oooditloae for high-opood lcod pUtlog vlth certain additional variations no follomt 1) Vlth and without troataonta designed to radaea tha over-ell poroolty of tha coating. 2) Vlth and without a otrlko undercoat of tin, ooppar, aol tlM for laad ooattago froa 0.23 to 2.0 all In thlekaaoi. It la propoeed to evaluate Uad coatlngo at thlcknoiooo of 0.0) aad 0.10 all with aad without a otrlko uadorooat of tin, ooppar, aad line. 1- 9 * -S^y Tba (trike coetlnga ere to vary la thlekneaa fro* O.Ol to 0.0$ all. Tba value of tba etrlke coating! u a meal of laproving tba vatteblUty of the can (took during lolderlsg will ba oo* of tba verleblaa to be deter* aed. four water-baaa palata aad ooa aballae vlll ba evaluated. It baa baas aaoartalaad that tha Aaarleaa nocivty for 7Mtleg aad Hitarlala vlll eooparau vltb tba UA-Btpaaded fbeearch Program by neklng tbelr tart altaa at Cura Beach, 8tata Allege, aad lav Ibrk City avail* at>la, provided tba taat data vlll ba eubeequaatly publlehed. Ibla la a ataadard procedure vltb A.8.T.M. and ebauld lapoee d o aerloua llnltetloo. Tba raooatDlad (rada* of vatar-baaa paint asd of aballae for tba eorroaloo taata for laad-ooatad eaa atoek hara baas pwxbaaad. Aa aooo aa tba ataal vlll ba received, It vlll ba out Into tba required el tea for tba vmrloua taat program dlecuaeed abova. Tbaaa taat aaapla* vlll ba protaetad against ruat aed bald for uaa aa required la tba laboratory prograa. Thraa papara, vhleb vara praparad for pub11calloo la llau of patents, faava baaa completely adltad aad revised la aeeordaaoa vltb levlevara' fvggeatlooe. Ooa papar, aotltlad "Porosity Testing of llactrodapoaltad load Ooatings', baa baaa aaat to tba Aaarleaa Electroplatere' Society for publication la flatten aagatlae. Tba otbar tvo papara, aotltlad *A Call for Klgb Speed Plating Evaluation* aad "Evaluation of Addition Ageota for K*b 8paad bead Platlrg* bava baaa rant to Dr. T. A. Invenbeln, Cbalrnaa of tba Eyvpoilua on High Op a ad Plating for tba educational prograa of tba 1963 Oocraatloa of tba Aaarioaa Elaetroplatara' Society. It la.antici pated that subject to minor aodlflcatloca required by tba Publication* Coaodttaa tbaaa vlll ba accepted aed pub11abed vltbla tba next yaar. : Ut-fcT Chedcal induction Plating, XItax Iknarck Oorporation, - - *kr. Jboaaa Wolf, .Dr. yg Tba prlaary purpoaa of this appllad research prograa la to davalop cathode of applying adkarant coatings of aatallle load onto n varlaty of natal aad ooocatal surfaces by naana of ebaalcal dapoaltloe. Prior vork baa abovn tba faaalblllty of dapoaltleg a dlaplacaaast coat of load ovar ataal fron a lead EtIA/hydratine bate. Tba oorroeloo raalataeea of ataal panala, plated vltb lead by tba dlaplaoanaet netted, vaa taetad la a bualdlty cabinet. A aarlm protection of 6$0 boura vaa found for a panel .plated for 30 nlnutaa. Tba approximate tblckaaaa of tbla coating vaa 0.2 alia. Tba redaction of lead salts fron aqueous systems vaa studied. So aatallle land vaa dataetad la tba precipitate! fron tbaaa ayatana. Tba reaction oatalyat wv W If eatalyaed by palladlua or nlokal aed la aa eaeeatlal part of several M- ! y t I 1 ETs?rfc. 8F*r*' i iS ?1 aloctrolaae total platlaf procoaaoa, Tho arolutloo of hydrogao from faypopboapblta aolutlona eootalalnf elckol or pallodlua u eo^Utoly Inhibit*! by th* addition of laad aalta at a aUffatly add pi. Tba platlaf of laad orar laad u attaaptad vltb ocfaUra raoalta. Tba platlaf of laad orar alaotrolaaa nlekal rwultad la a rary at11 dapoalt. Zn additional vort oe tba platlaf of ataal paaala far taat purpotta, different thicks**#** of laad war* platad oo two typo# of ataal. Tba paaala bin baaa rubaittad tor avaluatloa. PmmIa plated la four difftract tetha wt ooaparad for poroalty. la that taata, aodlua bypopboapblt* vaa eoaparad to hydratln* hydrato. 1$ ebalatad 1-tad eoaparad to # aod lOfj alao tba oat of a turfaca actlra afeot vu rtudlad. Iba praaaeoa of tba aorfaca active agent u rery datrlaaatal to both tba xata of platlaf aad to tba adhertooa of tba floal attaint flla. Urfa variation* vara found batvaao panala platad tot aiallar lanftba of tit la ldactloal batha. Tba platinf of laad error nlekal vaa eoaparad for varloua pi valuta. Only vary at11 dapoalta vara obtain#! at pi }.) to 13. A proeaaa for laprovln oorroaloo rartataaea by raallnc porta la tba laad ooatlnf vltb alactrolaaa nlekal vaa atta^tad. Oooaldarabla daeraaaa la poroalty vaa obtalaad. Tba fladlofa obtalaad from tbla raaaareb aay ba autarlaad aa follovat 1. Tba paoela for anrlronoental tertlbf bara baaa prapaxvd froa tba optlaua dlaplaeaaeat batb. lblcknttaa* of 0.05, 0.20 aad 0.50 alia of laad veto platad oc oold rollad ataal aad oa polltbtd ataal ooupooa. That paaaU bar* baan forvardad for tottinf. 2. Walat poroalty vaa found for a batb contain! nf 5T f/l bydr*tint bydrata aad 0.18 *a/l (15) aooebalatad laad. lovrrar, tbla batb plataa lovly and altar 1-2 boura bllatoro btfla to appaar. Therefor#, for fieatar thlcko***** of laad plata, 3$ aoacbalatad batha art battar. That oootalnlnf 57 fa/l hydratin* hydrat* la prafarrad orar that cootaldof 1T1 gv/l aodlua bypopboapblt*, aalaly oo account of tba lover ooocantratloa of raduclnf agent. ' 3. Tba addltloa of a aurfaca actlra agent aubataatlally rtduoaa tba platlaf rata and flraa a aooadbarvot laad flla. k. Tba quantity of load platad by a ebaadcal reductionprootaa (orar nlekal) at all pi raluaa la too aaall to bo of practical laportaaot. 5. A aatbod of aubataotlally raduclnf eorroeloc la tba laad fllaa by aaallof tba poraa vltb alekal by a ehoadcal reduction prootaa baa baaa ouncalrad. Tba aatbod vaa found to ba affaetlva la raduclnf tba poroalty of tba load eoatiBf. Onrroaloa taatlnf and araluatloo of tba load ooatod ataal aa^laa arv proeaadlnf aad tba rvoulta vlll ba raportad abortly. -11* ^ ( PWjuaisfWHmi ,.14.1.1 ..ij j u u p IBip^agp ;:*sr ' V; in. me mutual pnoowc -i' A. KmmJMICAL P1WMC X. Pt-g - Holding Power of Oelvanlied rwteaer*. Purdue Driverelty, kr. i. t. fieaft, Pro/eaaor 6. X. fiuddarth Ioveetifatloc* (n oootlouloc la thla progra* >Alch la being oaniad out oo cooperative beele vlth th* Purdue Driverelty Wood heaeerch Laboratory, Selestlflo device* tor Mil driving aad for noil pulling bar* b*a devleed aad constructed to tUiloiU variable* la thee* processes aad to accurately record tha foroee Involved. alia ar* being drlvao leto vood under eoatrollad ooodltloca, aad vlthdraval resistance la aeeeurad after various artificially ladoead cyclaa of aolatura coolent. Teat* raaulta vlll than ba ooaparad vlth thoaa of wwalvaaltad aalla aad craluatad aa to the relatire importance of different factor*. Moisture cycling la aoe underway. Ooeslderetloo la lino to th* fact that easy type* of tloc coated Della are belog aarkatad aad that dlfferect wood* can affect th* perforaane* aod Ufa of th* driven call*. Bovever, th* present aoop* of th* progzaa la raatrleted to a study of oely tha aalor rarlable* vhlch affect th* vlth* dra\*l realataao* of galvmnltad nail*. Hot dip (airedted oalla are naad la all tha taeta aad tha only vood rarletlee being studied ar* fir and oak. f. a-A lapioreaent of tloc Lithographic Plate*. Lltbocrapri* tvchajnal Koadatloa Th* eurreot phi*** of this program to concerned vlth providing tacbolcal leforoatloo aad field terrlce* oo th* LTP tine Vlp*-Cu Process, to flraa latareatad lo utlllilog the VtT procea* oo a oooaarclal baala aad to orgaaltatloo* desiring to produce th* cbedcal*. A aaoual la alao belt* prepared offering a detailed daacrlptloo of th* process, loatructlooa oo proper operation, aad a llat of tha cheolcal* used, eoaplat* vlth necessary foraulaa. A ouaber of lnqulrl** bar* bean received relating to techdoel ldfOroa* tloo aad lleaoa* egreeaent* oo th* UT procaea aad (reat lctareat la alao llthofraphlo plate* la Bad feet la countries out*Id* th* Delted State*. All latter* are Vein* gives Individual attention aad aaaplea for eveluatloo ar* bela* aad* available to loteraated ueer*. J. P<-3 - Cerelor**nt of Taproved tloc Die Oeatlm Alloy*. Tb* *v Jersey line Ooepeoy, Kr. 0. L. kerley, Kr. i. A. Aaderaom IXirln* th* period of thla report tha effect* of addin* Tier*, TOto*, OtjB, llyb, AlKn or AlaOo. to baa* alloys of appropriate Al aoc* teol her* received attention. All alloys were gravity east la a steel old. Alloy* eoouiotag TlCr2 aod ?l>ttu also vert die cast. lh* Intro duction of aa Internet*111c coepouod did not reeult la elgrifloant Improves*nt lo th* propertlee of th* baa* alloy. A* ip^wgpppsf!! * Tb* stuty of bot chaabar tlno dl* caatlsc alloy* ba dl*eov*r*4 aa alloy vblcfa nay bar* ooaatrcl&l (OiilblUUil. ]tw alloy (prtMotl/ d**lds*t*d A2V35 by tb* R.J. tiao ODapaoy), eootalna 12 U( 0.7J Cu aad 0.02 Md> tb r*oalnd*r being Special ll(b Or*d* alM. It eoapar** favorably ltb tanak-2 (1 *1-3 Cu-0.03 Mg) la taoall* tr*ortl and bardno** but tinllk* Zanak-2 It do* not lo*o ductility or undorfo dlaanolooal npiulo* durloc aorml u*o. Preliminary dl* eaatlnd t**to ton ladloatad good fluidity but ha* revealed a atroad taadanoy to form ahrlnkas* rolda Is or aaar tb* aurfao*. Tb* pr***at import aupplla* tb* available lnforeatloo on tb* alloy aa i a cold* to tbo*a bo aay *lab to nab* practleal dl* esatlng tarts oa ccurclal bap*a. i Ooaparlaoo With taaat Alloy " V Tabla 1 ooapare* tb* prop*rtl* of A2VJ5 ltb tboa* of taaaka-2, -3 ad -J. 1 Art Zaaak-2 taaak-3 taaak-J *1 par cant (nominal) 12 CO - ' ' 0.75 0.02 TDlU 6tTN(U-p<t ti ouX 51V00 10 day* 9?C V2900 Coe*tloo-5 la 8" as oaat V 10 day* 99C* brlaall Bardaaaa - - . 8 . >" aa east 101 10 day* 9TC* 8l lapaet Strenctb-ft.Xb. aa oast 18 10 day* 9JC* IV Uarcalooal Cbaaf* la./6la. 10 day* 95C* <0.002$ b*aa Cre*p-day*/ 25000 p*l 15-5 V 3 0.03 V 0 0.03 V1 0.03 52100 *5*00 VlOOO 3V30O 6 3.<..;y6f*$**! 100 88 10 19 82 82 39 u 2 VO . V760O 3TT00 UT 91 73 V 2T *0.0032 ' -0.0027 V -0.003T 31.1 VO v Ke 20 c 10C 50V o"c y?n Oo*f.Ibar*al txpawloa 20 to 100C Melting Foist 0 IT U IV 13 5 o.oooom V32 630 \*4. 39 32 \ wlwi. 30 27 S7 8 0.0000272 3 718 0.0000272 38T 729 VT V8 V V2 0.0000672 388 T30 by baat a|tt| 00 taaal-2 ar* unreliable baoau** tb* alloy ag* B.d. during t**t. no d*treination Vi - ' . J. } ' 4-.-' - -. ft'- V . _______ _ _ dE*cs-fJit r,>!^s3W55r" -,r' i .*""?* 3 It will be noted la thla table that AZk}$ cooper** favorably vlth Zaaak-2 la strength and bardn*** aad 1* superior la retention of ductil ity aad dlatsalooa. Initial lopaet strength la lover tut la adequate. Die Casting trperleooa Th* teat data vara obtained oo ataadard 1/1 la. dlaaatar round taaaloo spaclnens aad 1/1 la. x 1A la. x 6 In. iepact bara. A fata thlcknaaa of 0.020 la. vaa found to be about optimal for the lapact bara vblla aa arbitrarily choaea 0.050 la. fata vaa uaad for the tension apaclaae. Both teat bar carltlaa vera equipped vlth aubatantlal overflow valla. It nay be noted that faaak-3 vaa oaat vlth fraat difficulty vlth theae gatea. it la evident that AZt]$ can be oaat vlth a thinner gate than that required for the Zaaak alloy*. In aoat eaaea the aetal temperature vaa bald at 18oC. {896f) vlth a die teapereture of 210C (A10y). Preerur* oo the aatal vaa about 1500 pal. All casting vaa dooe la a hot chamber aachlna. Prelialnery oaatablllty taata vara aada In an available die vhlch produces a Jin. x 31a. x 0.1551n. flat plate often need la finishing studies. Iba die la gated across a 3 lx. edge aad contains aubatantlal overflow well apace. Initially the gate wa 0.020 la. thick. Successive lncreaaea to 0.060 In. and O.OfiO la. vara aada during the teat. Ctinge aada with a natal teapereture of bT5C (887F) vara found to show run narks'until the die tsoparatura reached about 200 C (39ZF). At 220 C (b28y) and above shrinkage pita, cracks aad voids developed. She changes la gat* thickness had no significant effact on this. , Gbrtckage pita are known to develop In thaTaaak alloys engraver heavy eactlooe aad high local dla teaperaturea result la slow eolldiflcatloo. lbs causa lias la the Inability of the first froten akin to vlth* . ataad the shrinkage stresses vhlch develop as the reaalnicg aatal eoola It la protable that the saaa aechanlea operates In AZA35 but the affacta are Increased aa the result of the vide dree A5C (8l"F) spread between first aad final freaking points. Iba spread la Taaak-3 la about ire '> It appears that beat results with A2A33 will be obtained la abapea 'diere, due to section tire and control of die tenperature, rapid treating can ba obtained, ibis la confined by the relatively alnor lncldeooe of ahrlnkaga pita or voids In the teat bara vhare rapid freaking did taka plaoa. ut-Mv;- Alloy ftmpoaltlon Vhll* no attaapt has bean aada thus far to define operating Halts of eoapoaltloo for AZkJJi acaa infonation la available froa the project prograa. tbs following suggested ooapoiitlooe, while by no naara final, should approxiaata the ultlaata rwgesi Alualoua U aln. . 13 aax. U. While looger expoeuree adght rtml u b U aging effecta at 1.85 eu, d o m oT ccoaequanoa ware found to the tco-day Uit at 9)C. togaeelu* 0.01 ala. - 0.0) w. The tenatle atrangth and bardneee of AZI35 depend, to * ooualdejeble erUet, on the Kg content. Accordingly, Me etouid bn bolt M high aa eaatl&c propartlae and ductility Made permit. lapurltiee It the mepteelua ooeteat can ba bald at 0.02 par east or higher, It la probable, but not proven, that AZA35 vill raaala fraa of Intergranular oorroaloo ifcen pb, 0d and 8a art at the eaxia* preeently apadflad by A.S.TJt. Oatll ooaplata lafonatloo la at hand. It mould ba via* to told ' ltourlty ooctente aa low aa poaalbla. ftiMaatad Baal a for Cocaaarclal Trial ti ^ .... ''c -JA-/ ' < It **ild ba vlaa to oooduct the flret trlala with ahapee of low aaaa thloh win permit rapid freetine. Heavier eectlooe could follow later. Cr total Tacperatare *75 ivPctsai trfi) Wa ftmperetart " " t> be found by trial . dmU ba lowat which will five a ranannaMy eatla factory eurfbee. tor engineering uaee, aoma floe run aaita may to acoaptad. 2*!l .. *'' v- .. ' ' . It la anggaatad that a 0.020 la. think gate ba need at the outeet. Xooraaaa la gate thlcknaaa Bhould to aada la aaell etapa. ,J lba alloy alao exfclblte good macbanloal propartlae wbea gravity oaat aad eaa therefore ba eooaidered for uaa la aaad, plaatar, permaoaot wold aad tluah caatlsg. Ibe following propartlae wart determined on 1/V" * lA" * 6m teat bar* gravity cent la a vam atael aoldi Trnalle Strength-pal Impact Strength*, ft.lb krlnell Bardneta 13000 59000 80-30 11$ . 181 Cberpy teat oa unmtebed bar. - >5 - The melting point ( completely liquid) 1 ltJ2C (8jOr) nod th# freea- log point (completely solid) 1* 380 C (717f). Tb# liquid alloy in very fluid and atould bar* good ability to reproduce Bold detail. ff b:-- Lit* other tine alloy* *1-1)0 baa a relatively high shrinks**. Tha coefficient of linear thereal axpaulon In the ran** SO to 100C (68 to S12f) la 0.0000271 par d*ere# Centigrade or 0.0000151 per degree yahrenhelt. Thla compares vlth 0.0000117/^0 and O.COOOO65"f for Iron. Because th* tenge fro* solidification to roos teeperatur* la *0 aiefa greeter for Iron, th* pattareaatara shrinkage allnvnno* (0.15" par foot) for AZ-k)3 la not such larger than that for eaat Iron (0.125* P*r foot). Where aolld castings are Involved) gating and jiaara Bust b* designed to feed th* aolldlfloatlea shrinkage of th* aala oastlog. It la suggested that aand Bold* ha u**d a* dry aa noaalbla and that plaatr and natal poldj h* preheated to about 200C (392f). A natal taoqxraturt of about b60C (896f) aeeea beat for flrat trial* but ahould b* adjusted to optljua oa th* baala of experience. In alloy* of thl* type food control cuat b* exarslaad over th* aaouata of auch lapurltl** aa lead) tin and cadmium vhlch nay be pr***nt. Until specific data on aafa lapurlty Halts are avallab1*, th* Halt* **t forth la ASM Opacification B - 86 for tine dl* casting* should b* observed. 'rW.r;' It la fait that th* proparti** of th* alloy described h*rata are of sufficient elgulttoanc# that industry In general vlll find Interest la evaluating th* application of this alloy to th* wufacturlng operation*, th* Expanded Research Program vlll b* very pleased to vork vlth tV>a* organltatlon* dealrlna to explore the application of this alloy sad vlll assist vb*revtr possible la applylnc th* result* of thl* research. - t. Q(-9 - An Investigation of tb* tlao-Alumloua atretea,..... T bcpartcent of Klnls* S Metallurgy, University of jUlarta* Nr. 0. R. Ooldak, Professor V. T. loudells. Professor J. Cordon Parr ' -'tiff*Off i'l-7 This fundamental raaareh pragma Involves Investigations of tb* phase relationship* and transformation kinetics of th* Za*Al binary ysta la aa affort to deteredn* tb* lafluanoa of various faster* oa the physloal and metallurgical properties of th* Za*Al alloy*. "'-i - Ih* lmdlat* objective of thl* raaaarcb program la to datareda* th* precis* nature of th* Zn-Al phaa* diagram about th* laalaclblllty loop, lb* *xp*rl**ntal vork Involve* precis* X-ray diffraction a*e*ur*a*st* of lattlco para*trs at temperature in aolld epeclaen*, lb* alloy* u**d are of hl(h purity, prepared by levltatloo aaltlna la aa Inert ataoapher*. A high-temperature epeclaen bousing equipped vlth a nav typo of epedaea oaclllator haa been built. Tb* epeclaen bolder la nov driven by a this etalnl*** eteel oabl* vhlch paaaac through tb* oopper tandnal poet*, around two atolature ball beerltg pulleyt to a central drive pulley. The oscillation of th* drive pulley thus neves th* epeclnea back and forth through tb* X*ray beaa. Tb* (rest advantage of th* oabl* drive la that aa torque* are applied to the ht(h teaperatur* bearing on vhlch th* sped* ate 1* mounted. Th* unit haa new functioned nearly continuously for about ?' -1 5;- A V6- HHiMi mmmms* three month*. C<apl*tely reliable operation of tbla appantua baa baaa obtained, and tba datarclnatloo of lattice paraaatar* la routine. A papar oc tba apaclaan oeclUator la baii^ prepared for publication. Arproxiaataljr **5 praaatra have bean maaaurad at taaparature# be tween ZtQC and bOOC, and tba alloy* ara oo* being cbnlcalljr analysed, tattle* paraaatar varau* taepermture cunraa hav* baas cooatruetad frea tba data. Wban tba aolyaea ara available tbaaa curvaa vlll la oonvaried lbto lattloa paraaatar varau* coopoaltlon laothara*. Sbaa* laothem* vlll lullcat* tba nature of tba pbaa* dlagraa la tba region atudlad. lb* data obtained ara being cocpllad and atudlad to determine vbatbar a perl* tactlc reaction doaa or doc* not occur In tbla ayatam. &t-17 - fundaacstal lavaatlgatloo of lice Pender Metallurgy. Canaaalacr Polytechnic lnatltuta, Kr. C. J. barton, Profaaaor t. V. iaoal lb* broad objective of tbla fundamental raaaarch program la to develop, by aaana of powder metallurgy technlquae, aloe baa* alloy* havlx^ auparlor creep and strength propartla* Un tboaa of alloy* produced by coovantlooal fualoa artallurgy. Ibeoratlcal lnvaatlgatlona era directed toward obtaining a batter undaratending of tba baric aerbinlem* which underlie metallurgical Improvement* In dlaperaloo strengthened alloy*. Investigation* performed during tba period of tbla report Included tbe following works 1. Tbe reletlooahlp tetvaaa log craep rat* r* log atraaa vaa ao- curately dataralnad for Zm-1)1 Cu - 0.1} Tl. It vaa found that tba elope of tbla line la auch ataapar than tbet Indicated tgr abort tin* teat*. 4 2. Hoorn taqwisture craep teat* Vara nade oo Zo-Cu-Tl alley powder *, '>\uf*p*cieeoa tbet ware Annealed at aia^rfcrJO hour* nod 300F for hour** * lb* raaulta Indicate that tbaaa annealing treatment* do not materially do- - creaae tba high rooo taaparature creep atreagth of the powder extrualooa. ' 3. Cooatructloa of alavntad taaparatura craap teating aqulpeaot haa bean completed and taatl^ at 1C0C baa begun oo three fo-CU-Tl apeelaana end atraaaee of 3000, too and $000 pel have been applied. , A. Znveatlgatloa of the poor naehenlcal propertlee of ZoO. lt^ J* powder extrualooa baa been continued la en attempt to undaretand the behavior. Foroelty va* found even wban ecapect* war* hot pceaaed prior to axtrualcB. . In further imveatlgatloo* an attaapt wa* mad* to correlate the dlffarenoaa la craap propartla* wltb tba dlffarancaa In micro*truetor* and tba following Zo -CXj -TI apeelaana ware avaluatadi . 1. extrualooa free caat Vlllata end powder compact*. 2. extrualooa aada at alow apaeda and feat apaada. 3* wire* **- extruded and after alavatad taaparatura creep teating. AT 'ufWIipMCMlftWUi' mm 4* W j Aelatlvsly lone tie* roaei temperature creep tests of th# alloy con taining 1$ Cu and 0.15$ n Indicated that th* creep rata of tha powder extrusions la superior totbs extrusion* froa cast billets even at tha vary high creep rata of Kr daye/peroent. Tha extrapolated ftgurss art a atraaa of 10,000 pal for tha cart aatarlal end 20,000 pal for tha alloy powder. Craap taata on a number of annealed apaclaeoa revealed that (1) boat treats*eta such aa $0 hours at 212? end ? * hours at 30OF la air do aot appreciably deteriorate creep propartlaa end (2) beat traataaata la bollIng vater prorida a corroalva ataoapbara for tha alloy powder axtrualooa . Creep testa at 212F on Za 1$ Cu 0.15$ T1 alloy powder axtrualooa indicated that lover stresses are required to oauee a given craap rata at 212r thaa Tfr. la order to obtain a rooa te^vsrsturs 1averse craap rata of approxlaataly 2$0 daya/percest, a powder axtruaioo baa to be stressed at 32,000 pal, while at 212f a atraaa of only $000 pal la required; however, tha craap behavior or the powder axtrualona at 212f la still quite superior to that of atrip froo cast Ingots erao though tha latter ware tested at tha lowr teaperature of 176y. Praliainary rooa teaperature creep testing was eoeductad 00 two saw powdere; to.1$ Cu-0>5$ T1 and la-0.29$ Cr- 0.17$ Tl. Brtruaiooa wart aade aod tasted at 16,000 pal; a period of transient eraap was observed folloving which no further creep took place. 6. EX-33 - tolled tine In Architecture, Cooperative Prog*** Service testa sad field Investigations of zdae-copper-tltaelua alloy guttera and downspouts are beloc continued In order to establish represent*Uve det* 00 the behavior of^slocalloy* under various exposure ooodltlooe. It has been decided to etaadardlte the aethods used for the physical testloc of rolled sine alloys, so that technical data obtained fro* dif ferent naaufecturere are directly eoeparable. This la particularly laportant la the case of the xlne-copper-tltaniua alloy Mich has superior properties of creep resistance, coefficient of expansion, end tensile strencth, end finds ready application In building and other aartets. Discussions are proceeding on the standardiaatlon of testloc procedure* and laboratory work will be Initiated la erase where addltlooal data ere oeoeseaiy. ? Pi-33 - tffecte of Steel Hstallunqr and Ssth Qowpoeltloo on Galvanised Coating Propertlss, Klpss branch, 6aosdien Dspertnent w KIms and Technical Surveys throuch the Oalrsnitloc Suboo*uittee of th* Oaaadlaa bloc Research k Cevelopwent Coewlttee, Kr. S. Falser, Mr. 4. 4. Sebisty, Cr. 4. 0. Mvard* 1b* first phase of this procrea vsn associated priaarily with study of th* effect* of steel setallurcy on th* structure and properties of galvanised 00*tin**. The second phase of the proersa involves aa iaveaticatlon of the Influ*00* of aloe bath oowposltloo on th* properties of galvanised costing. - 14 . Ibl* phaa* of tha project rtpnwiti as axtonalce of two aarllar atudlaa aad* at tUM laboratorlaa oa th# Influaoc* of bath addltlooa os tha atructura aad propartla* of axparlaaotal galvaaltad coating*, flftaan alloying alaaanta not ooraally aocountarad la galvaaltlig praetloa art under lovastlgationj tbaaa ar being added Individually la varloua oonccstratloo* to lroo.aaturatad ilsc batha, vlth and vlth- out 0.1M> d1 plu* 0.3i Boa* rarlatloo fro* tbaaa ataodard aluainu* ;*i aad load ooapoaltlooa ha* baae laeludad. ;1 tha flrat part of thla raport daterlbaa tha galvaalalag praparatio* aad aurfaoa axaaloatloo of coatloga containing addltlooa of chrcvlva, aanganaaa, tlrcoclua, tltaalua aad thorlua. further vork vlth uranium aad aatallographlc atudlaa 00 varloua tloc-t*** aaatar alloy* praparad to data ara alao oovarad. 5 Of tha varloua alloying addltlooa la thla aerlea, only rlrooolua '* exhibited acy elgalfloant affaet 00 bath ooapoaltloe. nil vaa raflactad % In a eoaalatootly rlaUg iroo eootaot during tha cour*a of dipping frua vblob it la ooocludad that 0.3% end higher ecccaotratlon* of ilrcooluo proootad ataal attack, avao vlth up to 0.15)1 A1 praaaot la tha bath. Oxidation of tba galvanltlig batha vaa axeaaalva vlth all except chroatlua addltlooa. In ordar to avoid ooatlas datarloratloo from oxlda dmg-out la tba *alu1 nua-fraa* aarlaa of taata. It vaa aacaaaary to add i 0.005jl *1 to tba affectad batha. Is thla aarlaa, tba thraa coooestratloaa of uraalua aad thorlua, aa vail aa tba tw> lovar ooaotatrmtloea of eagaaaaa aad tlrcaolua, all taadad to produoa fin*.grain coetlig* that vara generally aaooth or slightly rougbaoad to a floe-pebble taxtura. It eootraat, tba 1^ Mb addltloo provldad dull coating* aarrod by pLapla defect#, and la tba eaao of 0.3% r, tba aurfaea vaa roughened to a eoaroo sandpapar-llk* taxtura. Thla Uttar affaet appaarad to b# raUtod to pick-up of raactle* product* or latoiMtalllc ecopounda at vltbdraval of ' tba paaalo fro* tba both. I'Ouoad.ua vaa -the only addition to provld* aa laeraaa* la apaagla *rain-alt* aad vaa alao aaaoclatod vlth aoa* loot 1* J? alao fluidity at 0.2%. With raapact to tltaalua, **tlafactory wytiiy could not b* produood at ooooaatratlooa la axcaaa of 0.0l. Id th* hlgh-aluatnu* aarlaa of taata, tba lafluaoca of uraolia aad thorlua oa coating aurfaea appaarano* vaa aloor to BagUglbl*. VItb 10 0*0 laaaraloo, both aangaaaaa aad chroatlua at tha blgbor lav*la raaultad la aooa raduetloo la apaacl* alta and varlabla dagraaa of apangl* ccotraat aat coating brlgbtnaaa. Bovavar, at Oo aac, tb* coating* alt*rad algniflcastly aad vara charmctarlaad by aodarataly larga, vall-daflaad, cootmating apaagla*. Hautralltatloo of tb* Inblbltlig affaet of aludaun and oooeldarabl* davalopoaot of lroo-tloo alloy over tb* ostlro ataal aurfaea vaa lodloatad. 7b* lovar tlroooluo coocantratloc* aad. tba tvo lntaraadlata tltaniu* addltlooa appaarad to provld* eonperabl* affaet*. Incraaalng tba coolant of altbar tltaalua or xlrcoolua to atlll blgbar lavala fimil aarkad ooatlag datarloratloo arylng from groaa vrlakllng of tb* aurfaoa vlth tl Malta to aavar* roughs*## la tb* eaa* of tlrooelun. 4 Tb* foUovlng portion of thla raport daacrlba* tba atrlpplng taata aad aataUograpble atudlaa aad* oo coating* pravloualy praparad with thorlua, alroooiu*, aangaaaaa, chroalua, tltaalua aad alllooo. Tha axtra aarlaa of - ^- urealua- and aagnedua- containing coating* *ra alo covered, a* wall aa urfece appearance and otbar affaeta relating to the elllcon- and amfnalua-containing ooetlaga. Staal weight loea, ductility and adbereao* taata for tlx atrtlra aarlaa of eoatlnga prepared to data hart baas ooaplatad and ratulta of tbeae ara alao daacrlbad. Iborlua appeared to here no affact on ooatlnc formation. Oranlua vaa alallarly Ineffective rxcapt at higher concentration* (0.3)1 Vo OAf) Is alu.-.lr,t.>coctMr.lnt^bata*. ihea* produce! moderate loerva*** In lira eoetant and thlclm*** of tba ooetlaga but the** change* vara oot raflactad In tba alcroatructuraa. Addition* of O.lOf and 0.30f It Id alualnua-fraa bath* vara lnatrunantal la modifying growth of tba iroo-ilne ph****, thereby reducing tba outer tine layer and total coatlag tbleknaaa by approximately Sff. Oo tba otbar band, 0.$f r eoctrlbutad to prooouacad lntanatalllo cot^ouad formation that raaultad In thick Don-uniform coatlnc*. Umd 0.15f AX va* pretest, lta Inhibiting affact va* progr*t*lv*ly reduced by lacreeae la tba alrcoolua contact of tba bath. Crovth of tba ooetlDuou-type of Irontine alloy foraatloo va* proaotad and coaling velgbt va* significantly la* era*tad. Muganeee at 0.50 and if In aluminum-free bath* tended to retard tael attack and lron-iloc alloy crovth. At a result, thlaoar coating* vara produced datplt* tba prataooa of flnaly-4t*trlbut*d lntaraatalllc coapound* la tba outar nine layer which would be expected to Increase lta thlckntM and of tba coating a* a vhola. la tba blgh-alualnua bath*, tba' above addition* of aaegtota* produced Dcutralliatloo of alulnua alaliar to that found vltb tlrcoelum. Oorraapoodlngly thick coating* ware obtained. Chromium la alum!nai-fr*a bath* duplicated tba raductloa la ataal attack and 1 roa-*lnc alloy growth la tba aaaa aaanar a* mangan***, alekal - and vanadium. The maximum decree** lo coating weight achieved we* hOf * with 0.3f Cr and 60 aac lmmarelom. Ita behavior la the aluminum-noctaialag baths va* alao aiallar to that found with tba above alaaaata and heavy eoatlnga raaultad because of prooouacad lroc-nloo alloy foraatloo. Tltaalia* up to 0.05f vat alao affective la reducing Iron-tloc alloy growth and ooatlng weight la the alualoua-frve batha. At at111 higher lavala, prooouacad and uauaual eoapouad foraatloo* vara obaanred. thea* eoctrlbutad to vary thick coating* and vary uaaatlafactory surface appearance aa daacrlbad la tba laat progress report, the aaaa compounds ware found la the hlgh-alumlnum coating* vltb tltaalua at O.Ojf aod abov*. rutraillatloa of tba aluminum addition va* again evident *o that the thleknmaa and Iron contact of tba coating* va* lncr****d aarkadly. Tba behavior Of allleoe vaa of Interest bacau*# of It* affactlvaaaaa la *oav*nglng Iron fro* the bath, vltb or without alualnua preaent, - Aa a raault, dllcoe retention va* low,but vn at O.Olf to 0.03f In aludouafra* bath* it tended to raduo* tba tbleknaaa of tba outar tine layer significantly. A toaawhat aiallar affect va* found vbac alualoua vaa alao praaant at aad above 0.19f. JO. 4<v ~V Jo the extra galvanising t<iu wade, It vu ooaflrned that tbs Influence of nagnetlun v m principally reitricted to alteration In tba surface epp**roce of the costing!. In oonblnatloo vltn 0.00$ Al, 0.05$ H< produced tutslHe, spangle-free livery finish that gradually deteriorated to dull, astte grey flnlih n nsgniilua d m Increased. Grain ilu wi -l*o significantly reduced. At far 11 coating weight and alcroetructure wire ooooaroed, th effect of low aagDeitua (0.05J) u negligible. Severer, at aad above O.Sf, aarkad flaiurlcg of tba outer aloe layar s produced and eutectic foraatlon In tbla layar could alao be observed. lbe aaount of eutectic appeared to be dependent on tba alwrinua concentration. In genital, tba etael weight loan taete refleoted tba lion content determinations. Severer, dlacrepaoelee between tba two aate of valued, such an found la prevloua lovsitlgatloee, wire avldant. In tba lvrlir"*freeeerlei of teite, tba etael weight loan wan Invariably lower, but la tba alualeua-coritalolng earl**, this tram vu ravaraad and the differences were arch nore pronounced. Work la tba concluding aVagal of tbla project baa bean acbedulad to Investigate tbeec anonallea further. According to tba parforeanea atandarda eat up, tba entire elunlnunfree aarlaa of ooatlnga, aa wall aa tba blgb-alundoua eoatlnga which contained appreciable Iron-line alloy growth, ware claaalflad aa bsvl^ poor ductility and adhereoca. In contract, tba renalnlng hlgb-aluslaai coatings ware all sated good to areaHast la these tecta. Mstallngraphlc naaaurananta and coating teats outetandl^ on all thn experimental panala prepared ao far la continuing. Oalvaalalag prepare* tloo of panala using tba renalnlng three addition aliaanta, lithlua, pboapboru* and alecbastal baa alao been acbedulad. P<- - An Icvaitlnation of Waalitanca Spot Welding of .... Oalvaalis^ Carton Steel, tea hudd Ooaaaqr. kr. I. 1. fiaartan,^ - kr. J. J. HacXioney, Kr. I. D. Van 8clrar, II. .: _.v. flyetanatle Investigations of tba various factor* which affect tba spot welding of galvanlted steal are eoetlnulng la an effort to establish retownsndsd wilding practical which will consistently produoe quality wilda at ecoooadcal production rataa. Curing tba period of tbla report, tba raaaarcb wna directed toward tba Investigation of tba following faaturaat 1) Iba algalflcanoe of tba weld aona raalatanoa algnal aa It relates to wold quality. ' 8) the affect of a tine coating on tbs. Conation and tba subsequent deterioration of n spot wait. 3) Iba affects of natural aglr* os tba weldability of galvanlted tael. M The aerlta of a new dlipercloa hardened electrode sate rial. - 31' ( < < 5) Whether or oot eladrods forces other than those raooonandad la tha previous report would result la batter parfornano* during *Ct*ad*d valdlng. Brtanalv* taeta vara parfomad to pnorld* sufficient data for evaluation aod a eisxwry of tha conclusion* reached lUrirdantad baloyi 1) The average vald torn resistance rtcordad during the fOrmtlon of a apot void bai beao abowa to b* dependant to a larga extent oa the alia of tha raaultaot veld la extended veldlng run*. baaed oo thla finding It any be possible to design a DoolcrtrucUv* veld quality evaluation ayataa aod than aa automatic feed-back vald quality control ay*tea. Sev erer, one vMk apot la thla application la tha lnaanaitlra raaponaa of tha change la veld raalatanca to a change la veld quality. 2) lb* lack of a high Interface cocuact reelataaoa aloof vlth the highly thereally conductive el*drod*-to-vork contact are raaponalbla for tha higher wilding currant* required for galvaaliad ateal amcccparad to unco*ted ataal. 3) Weld quality deterioration in galvaaltad etaal eaaaot be blaaad prlaarlly oa aa lacreaa* la electrode Mar dua to tha preaanc* of tine, looting ha* ahovn that the aaaa aaouat of electrode va*r do*a not raault la tha **a* affect* oa veld quality of galvaaliad and of usooatad ataal. Bowerer, tha praaanc* of tine doe* affect the general deterioration of ; tha race of the electrod*, oaualng pitting and crater formation*. la thla reared It aay contribute to accalaratad wear (lacraaa* la cootad dlaaeter) la aubaaquaat wilding rune if only tha aid** of tha electrode* era draaaad to reatore tha original cootad face dlaaatar. k) It baa been ooocludad that wild failure 1* cauaad by a change la tha eladrod* face contact area. A ebang* la thla area for galeaalaad etaal Is wore critical than for unooatad ataal for the following a. A larger electrod* contact era* lncre**** beat loaaa* froa tha veld too*. Boutvar, thla 1* oot countered 1* galeanltad ataal aa in uncoatad carbon atael vlth an lnertaa* In beat gemration at the *l*drod*-to-work surface bacaua* fore* danalty change* bar* a greater affect on uncoatad steal than on galeanlaad ataal. b. A change in current danalty baa a graatar effect on tha bast geo*rated In tha base natal (najor factor la ^leanltad steal) than at tha lntarfao* cootad (najor factor In unooatad steal). 5) Change! In tha veldablllty of galvanltad ataal occur vlth storage , tlsa under ooreally dry condition*. Bo attaapt vas nadt to dstsrnlM ths dagras of thaaa changea a* a fundloa of tlss. ` 6) f**t raaulta indicate that, at 1b* praaant tin*, Internally oxidised ooppar-barylllua oxide elactrodea (a uv dlaparslon bardanad aatartal) doaa not offer aay advaatagaa over presently conaerctally available v*Idleg alactrodaa. T) Changea in electrod* fore* vlth corraapoodleg change! in valdlng aurraet do not bar* aajor affect* on vald quality, Blghar fores* than - >J - .. w mmmr -* iif tbcM iot*raW fair* rult*d la l*a consistent velds la extended v*ldlt test*. Th* u m of lover force* la not particularly ob,)ectlouabl* la autoaotlv* production and asy be employed vbara neceaeary. 9. Ot-AO A Study of Alternate tlno Cladding Process##, fcepartneot of Metallurgy, The University 01 krltlsiTooliafela, Professor V. N. Axwtroog. Tba objective of this prograa M* to araluata th* feasibility of products* adherent alaa ooatlngs oa ataal sheet by direct povdar rolling aad to atudy tba affaeta of operating variable* oa th* process. Alternate Mthods of coatloc ataal vita tlno vara Investigated vita a vlav to la* pros* tba app11 catloo of baarlar coatInga, coating of only 00a side, aloe coating* providing Increased oathodlo protactloo, aad lias alloy ooatl^s bavli* higher lobaraot oorroaloo raalataaea. This high-apot investigation la now oooclnded aad aieb fUndaasntal lnforoatloo baa baaa developed. A final report 00 thla projaet baa baaa recalvad aad is abatrectad balnv. Zinc powlsre of varloua type*, partlela alt** aad coopoeltlona van roU-eoopactad oa tba aurfaea of aanaalad lov-carboo ataal atrip, Jh* aurfaea of tba ataal vaa treated by abraaloa aand blasting, plekllrg aad oxidation - reduction treatment* prior to roll coating, toll faro* vaa aaaured by fore* vaabar* in tba Bill bousing* and vw used to control tba alii aetting*. Height of coating vas varied froa 0.9$ to 0.51 ot/sq.ft* (m aid* only). Ooatlngs v*ra evaluated by bead tatting, re*flattaolr aad ra-bandl^ and by a nonstandard high (paad tanslla tart. .. Adbareat coatings vara produced by rolling -900 aeth povdar 00 a ataal . aorfao* tddeb bad baaa oxidised far 8 adnutet at 1000-1100r. aM reduced ,; In erackad aaaoola for 10-1$ alnuta* at 1700f. All other aetboda of sur face preparation produced patchy coating* vhlch vara poorly boadod to tba ataal baaa. sV ;*jrs Adbareac* ef 00*ting* vaa lnproved still further by reheating roll* 00atad abaata tor about 9 alautaa at 600f . Adbareat coatings of alxsd lead and tine povdara vara obtained vblcb vara such acre resistant to oorroaloo than ooatltg* containing lead povdar alone. Mixture* containing froa 95-75$ tine ver* uaad aucoattfully al though the blgb-tloc coatings required beat treatment at 600y before strong bonding vas obtained. jap ' ' Tba ataal uaad as baa* Mtarlal for neat of tba test vorfc In this lavaatlgatloa va* cold rolled and annaalad rlMtd ataal, 0.01T9 Inch thick. ; 4- if * ' Various types of sino povdare were used, and aerean slsaa ranged froa *900 assb to *595 ae*b. -900 aasb tine povdar vaa used for aoat of tba testa. Tba follovlog variables vare lovsrtlgstadi 1. Surface Qopdltlon of Ptaal Cheat 53 3 ..'X-<>.^;..3-^3v:^;vv^^ . ... . -. . . .'Si^wJ^lsJV., All ibMt* vera 4tmiJ la toloeo* prior to application of rerfaoe treetacit aal tha follovicc aethode of aurfaca traataact vara utad. A. Band atrodod with abreelra a*eh cloth. 1. Ae-received aurfaca (dajreaeed only). 0. Baatad la cracked aanla etaoephere for 30 aloutee at 12901300F. D. Beerlly bleated vlth coarae eluaica povdar. X. Tery liifcUy bleated vlth alia&a*. T. Picklad la 10f IJX^ at lJ0f foUovad by dtp la cold ecoceotieted Cl followed by aHalloa rlaaa aad dried. 0. 0x1dl ted, la air at varloua teaperaturee la alactrlc auffla furaeca and raduead la crackad aaooola at varloua taaparaturaa aad tlaaa. 1. Oxldltad la aolet air (wtar added to furoaca ataoephera) at varloua taaparaturaa aad reduced aa la 0. X. Pickled la $o Bd at rooa taaparatur* for 5 e&nute*, rlaaad la vatar aad dried vlth ethyl alcohol. >. Fouler Appllcatloca Za ooat eaaea povdar vaa applied dry aad without addltlvaa. Initially, . povdar i abakaa through a cloth aheet uatll a layer of the deelred thickaeta had beea built up. Nora ualfora reeulta vara obtained by atakloc a * Tyler tcreca coetalalac tlac powder over the eteel etrip aad thla Method > : . Me need for the wlorlty of the taete. la few teeta, aloe povdar vaa eleaoed vlth a eolutloa of dlethyleoetriaalse aulpbata (OSM-BOp) aal the eleaoed povdar vaa applied to atrip while etlU vet vlth the eolutloa. 3. Charmcterietlce of the alec povdar a) particle else aad dletributloa. b) oxide oocteot. b. Noll Preteura and Nall pan Niletad vary cloeely to thickset* of applied povder layer. 3. Noll Speed * Beet traetaect after roU-ceatlag The taete ueed for the evaluation of ooatlaa vere aa follow| Ooatlcd Weight w evaluated by thlekaaaa aeaaureaaata aad by ehealeal ethods accordJog to A.S.T.M. epaclfloatloa* A-93->0r aad A.B.T.N. A90-JJ, ' h z: tbs Ft h w Uit (A.8.9.M. A239-*l) u-iiMd to check costing nalfonttgr. Bond Trsts vtro used for *11 toot strips according to A.B.T.It'tif; specifications A-9J-58T. Muy of the better coatings were subjected to flattening end ro-bonding through 180 degrees. Boot toot epeclarns won cut froa coated strip* *t different angles to the direction of rolling to check for directional offset*. Olooti Cup Tooto vor* tried but uor* not sufficiently sensitive to too Ufforoooos in'sdhereoce of cootlep. v-;.-.... mo> epood topoiio Toot Tonsil* tests oo ooct*d strip* 1" A 5" m pulled to failure nt O h-fk rete of cross-bead travel (80 lnchee/nlDute). Tbs best coatings did oat flak* or pool la regions of severe daforostloo or 'Decking". Although this test is oot standard it vaa found to givethe abetf ooasltlvo indication of sasll difforsaeos is coating adborsoeo. Experlacntal procedures used far tho coating of tost Strip ith*| powler aad with lead-sloe ndxturaa shooed thsti ... .. .. ,, ....... . - Adherent tine coatings could not bo produced by direct poodorl -w on any of the surfaces described previously as typef A, B, C, t, ; i rts'j, , * % Adherent coatings wro produced oo oufaees prepared by * type^j . ,-oeot but with * carrov range of oxidation and reduction teapereturejk? i,,',j>;.4?^y**alts vere obtained when the steel eurfaeevas oxidised at^ I j edautes bad tbeo reduced in cracked aaeooi*:forlO-15T I Wmm flatten teste hut.eere gecarally lees adherent than coowrclal uotiU utu'm0 ^-V-y^ooUng -weslnproved greatly by reheating and nested Sheet* 2 sdnutee at 6ooy in olr., , - re-rolllog of the coated sheet also gsvs pronlal^ maltirlstP'' iUtles dld oot perelt an accurate evaluatloo, nethod of4 l%j;r best costings were obtained with >200 oesh pouder.Elinor .produced patterned coatings#; but.these sayhere-.been < of tbs short lengths of strip used far theee tests. telling epeed ms not an lnportant vmrlsbls vltbla the range svallable. . Ooating eelghts froa 0.2) to 0.89 os. per square foot Mrs produced: .by varying roll gap and roll pressure. _ - - u.t. Adhsrest coatings of nixed lead and tine powders were producedvhbUfe. 't*ere note resistant to corrosion than coatings containing load powders#: alone. Mixtures ooctalcing froa 2) to 7# sine were used successfully cl. " M. * -% / - -.-.Aiu'yf v ' "* tbs Aulbtlltjr of eMtldai adherent tine ooatlnc* oo o m iUi of stssl strip ty Unet powder nUlaf bae bsts itmrtitui tgr this lnwstlptiw. this toilfora eosticca wtrs sade vith food reproducibility onr tbs tangs of 0.85 * O.89 o. psr aquar* foot. lbs <ood adhsreaea sad oomsioa rsslstsaes of dxsd-powder 00stires suggests tbat furthsr work is this field say be Justified. 1 ... !. ' y , ... . :r . 7 y.. ' ' Further wwt Is Koseaary to dseslop asthod fbr tbs slaaltsasoas oostiac of both sidss of ths atrip hr powder roiliac. ^ , lbs oostiac process developed hr thsss lsesstlgstloas aboaid ho rssdlir adaptable to existing types of proesss spdpMat. : ^^7:: ?f;Sp . . . It should hs possible to produos slsilsr oostings ia eold atrip adUa -/?ife^ ftjrfhes prspsratloo ooald hs oarrisd oat to a funso* llas of ths ^ tpps used is ths Ssiidtialr ctltstaUiac proesss. also that'if ths llDe'povdsr-ooulS be spread sad' sarfaoswhiitAv**.'** a; fneestlxatlcQ of 60-- Properties of talten ? ^^ ttia-W^eaTBir^. throueh t^lraacfUivplaarimrn^t oJoTil~tI^Ooti^^f^l Canadian Xlae Research *vfimlopart Osssltt**, **. J. tr. Mtlsr. fir. 0. V. 0. Whits, fir. I. 1. thresh, fir. J. 0. . ..tesa^ip-rrtaL. m -t-m lbs purpose of this fundawntal rssssreh progras is ths atudr of the .offset ofts^wrature sod composition uponthSTlscoelty, surfnoetscslos and dsaaltr of solUo sloonaod sonepfits alloys. , pure sloe, fourteen blcaryrio_c_-a_l_u_n_l..i.._..s._..s_. a_d_ _f` l_rs__b_iB__a_rr_'S_e!_aoes_*p_lols_af_sdds_floierr'' 1 ::.cVAl eoacoetuons. fln.both slierisjfatsss, allnsar relatlesuhip betwsea density and teopernture was found. Is prsparstioo for work ee further sloe alloys, anew graphite pyoaonster has hsss aads. Viscosity results art oov available far all ths bleary iloc-aluadous alloy coapafitloas ssaslasd up to <j$ Al. All sxpsrlssntal data havs beep gathered for ths other alloys up to 155 Al sod await, eosputsr proessslac* Tbs soot reeeov viscosity results show agretirylegly Basil sosttsr and a sarked linearity, vbleh supports thalr ralldlly lo that they do sot conflrs aaoealiss 1c ths regions of ths Uguidus and solid solubility Halt re* ported by other workers. - * iPffMf'- gy\ , : t. - mmifm After a major raflt of th* aurfao# taoaloo apparatua, arpariaantal work baa r**uaad. ftjrfao* tanaloc aaaauraaaat* bar* baao obtain*! oa twriouf pur* floe*, all of which ara th* ordar of 7J0 dyoat/ca at kJ5C . Uhlla th*ta mult* ara eh balov aoaa prarloualy obtaload aal thoaa mortal by Falral, It la bo w b*U*Y*d that, baoaua* of otrtala experi mental difficult!**, thaa* prawlou* determination* wra la arror. Ooofllaac* la th* pra*ast raault* 1* aooouragtd by thalr ooulataocy within Individual datarvlaatloc* and a* a (roup. 4 Study progress baa boas aal* la all flail* during th* parted, mad axparlaeotal work 1* procaadl^ smoothly. lb* Wat* Branch profasaloul taff bar* apant aota tla* la preparing paper* oo "theory aal fcparimaat for th* Praclsloa Me**ur*atnt of Surface Tension and Tiaooalty* for praaentatloo at th* Liquid Natal* ***aloo of th* Satloeal Natal Ooegraaa, to b* hall at lav fork City la Octobar, 1962. VhUa thl* work 1* out*Ida tha Halt* of th* *poa*or*4 program. It ha* aotallal a thorough atudy of th* broalar aapaet* of th* problem, which ara of dlract baa*fit to tha program................. ... ;s ' ' U. of flow 1a ttt* Outing Ctaa, Of** iMtltata of J'.**or"J. K UaiUo* ~ - thla newly Initiate! maareb program la balag oondaotad at th* Ca*< Institute or Technology uodar th* oooparatlv* apoaaorahlp of th* Amarlcam ' Kuadrymao'a Sodaty training and Raaaarch Institute, tha Zxpaadad Btsearch Program mal tha M* Casting Ikaaarch : Foundation. . . . <p tha objective of th* work *al final purpoaa of th* lnraftlgatlcn la tbaaatabllehaeatiofbejle'prlnciplaegovwraleg flow of matal la th* gating' and dlaoarlty of prawura 11* out! nga.lt 1* believed atat a battar -am* ` gMgj||g|g*|gg^lgU*| ' . ...Improved density of 11* outing* with minimum ferocity`aal p*r# J*^ytiapmwt, #* t .*g * - -V* S. Itprovtd pbyaloel prop*rtl*cthrough Improvement In density and ,, .. metallurgical ntroctur*. - **v 3. laprovad surface characteristic* for aubaaquant finishing and/or / ;... induction la r*Jactloorat* of defective dl* casting*. 3. Sattar guldaa for 11* laalgm to mlalmlM tha tla* batwaa* ' ^Initiation of dl* Outgo *odth* production of satisfactory 11* r| oaatlag*. ^ .5- jpb ** - . 6{^*Oulal tatloa of dl* waar -aal emloa.ygt| ^ ,-v ^ '<' * ^ ^ ;rv?- ,'i- It baa long baao raoognltal thct Hth* eharactarlrtlc* of watal flow aal gat* laalga la 11* oaatlag haw* prooouacad affact* oa th* propartl** aal parforaaac* of tb* racultlag 11* cutlog*, lhaaa affaota baeoam avllaat la tha danalty of tb* 11* caatlag, th* aaouat or totrappad gat, ltt aaUUurgl* cal atructura, aurftca fialab aal flaal *tr*agth. Likavlaa, th* aachaale* of th* 11* oaatlag oparatloo ara affaetal, ueh u toollag waar, *ro*lea, aal scrap lose**. Huh work h*a baao doc* la tha paat to rtaolr* th* pbaaouM lovolval to prtiaur* dl* eutlag, howawar, a oaraful rtvlav of th* lltaratur* laavaa aueh of tha problam aara*olw*d. 1 . A Joint Ateearch Ooueltte*, coopooed of repreaoetatlm* of tha thna opooeoriog onulutloei, oarrlod out pnlldMiT work to ItttntM oev aetboda of otulyiag tb* flow or octal la die caetlng dlee. from this oene the reoooneodatloo that a elnuloted Alt eaetlag lajectloo eyates bo aa> ployod uaUg (l) tnaeperent die*. tnneparent replaceable gate aaA runner eectlooe for etudylag variation* (2) vater vlth or without colored dye Injection, (J) hlgh-epeed earlee, (black and 'Alta aad oolor) euppleaeoted vita tla* -delayed (till pbotogrepha to rooord tba flow pattern* and plunger poeltlooe elMiltanoouely, and (k) correlation cbocka vlth actual dlo eeet- lage aada eeploylo* tho ldantloal Motion*, gate* aad ruaooro need la th# tlaulated lotto. lb* ayotooo deelgned aad work performed la thlo lnreetlgatloc vlU bo brokaa dovn Into tvo eajor ana*. Exportwant* will bo conducted vlth olaulatod voter ttudloo aod das alloy dlo caettng la each aroa. Ibooo tw are** are doocrlbod bolov. I. Injection CbaAor and pate tenor Booign t ' , a) Detozala* tho Inflnerve of volaao of air to aetal ratio la tho * ~ lajectloa cylinder on air ootiapaoat la ruaaor aod dlo patting. r b) getabUeh optima runner oroeo aectloa dorian for alalaua turbulence aad air oatrepaeat. ----i3i o) Sttoradno laflneoee of mnaer geoaatry, Including tho offocta _ of aharp bond* la ruoaore aad tho affeotlmnaaa of dlWtteit#^ ` aothode for fanning tho ruaoora down to Jola th* gate opening, r,&"'if- <. * d) Coapare olaglo runner*, aaalfold rusoera aad aoltlplo ooparato ;XI.. 0*te Orlfleo Beales aad1l.o..oa-tlca. ........ , . ........,, -t - >?; a) Study tho effect of gate orlfleo doolga* both vlth roepoct 'to - -'.. , '.length aad thicks***, aad ooatlo daolga to produce dlfforost . *_ ,,. '*atraoa petteraa. - * ` ? -V > . . ^ - .* -t . --> " <* ^ ' b) Drteralo* tho 'reach* aad directional charucterletlc* of tho , [, aetal rtroaa loartag the gate orlfleo a* laflooaood by gate v -I-*ad ruaaor. ~ >, -s^Wfe,giLin a) Coagare alnglagattae opoalog va*. aultlplo ggaatot.a..' <' , v*<s aft. , d) Doterulao lafluaaaa of oorlag oo aetal flov la cavity, V . ' f ' ; . *A o) Ootoratao taflueooe of lajectloa proooura aad velocity aa pattern of flow la the manor and through the gate ortflee. V` > . - f) Doteruin* the optloua ratio of manor alto to gate orifice ana. ' -. ' -- '**,* - f r* , * * * ) Study effect of dlo eurfaeo oa aetal flov. h) Study effect of overflow oa natal flov la dla eavity. . r *5 The results of the voter eoalofue studies vlU be evaluated by ritual and photographic aeans. The die castings will be Inspected for their nur* face appeaxanca tad plating claailfioatloc tad tgr radiographic tod aetal* lographlc rxaad ration. 12. ZX-yT - Afl lcrttUgttioa of tha Proprtlai of Oalvaolaad gtael at Elevated Tvapsratursa, Hines branch, fVaadian Dvpartoaat of Kloet 4 Tvchaloal Surreys through the Oelvaoltlng Bubooaadttee . of tb* Otmdltn Use Amarch ft Drralopusnt Ooaalttee, Nr. D. Nhtt, Nr. 3. 3. Mlity, Or. 3. 0. Slvarda ,.. . v . Ibis Investigation Involves etujy of tb* behavior of bot-dlp ud electroplated tine eoetirgs during long-tara basting la air tt various teaparatures up to bOOC (730^7). The offset of continuous exposure aa rail aa alternate boating aat cooling oa structural aodlfleatloa tad/or - datarloratloa of the postings aod oo aechanloal propartita of the base . ataal la taltf atudled. 'J This raport parlod vaa davotad largely to axpoaura taata oa Cook*; Oirtaaan aad Oesdaladr galvanised abaat. . fvaluetloa of tba alavatad ,> > taaparatnxa afTacta oo aaaplaa traatad to data vat ooctlnoad.. abort*'* ' ter* exposures mis aade using aoaa experlaestal coatings galvanised la previous phases of this project aad additional taata oa laboratory* v - - prtparad aad eoaaarelal electroplated coatings wire alto attaaptad. , *. -' ' " Theruel cyeUac taata oa tba galvaalaad aatarlala bait baaa ooaflpad ' to taaparaturaa at aad belov 300 C ($70^7). After relatively abort periods of axpoaura, favorably oriented grains la tba outar tine layer vara da* . forasd.to product a winkled aurfaca..-ift aacoodtry stags Involved dervlop- aeut of paiallal cleavage cracks, generally restricted to thadefonsd 4 - Otbar obaarratlooa aad available taat data applleabla to both coetlnu* outly arpnul aad theraally cycled aaaplaa Bay ba auaaarltad aa follovai / At a*Pc (3907), botb tba Oook-Vortsaaa aad Seodilalr sheet showed ' Uttla arldaaea of datarloratloa arts aftar tvaoty vaaka. . frojectl^ ..., v plaplaa. Indicative of local lroo*tiao alloy growth, vara vary aoalleal V . scattered. . . * ,: < At 250 C (Wo y), acattarad pipits vlaibla to tba aabad aya vara ^ obaarrad oa both (radaa of abaat aftar tvo vaaka.^Sba.auNbar aat tlte of,, tba crovtba ataadily Iscraaaad vltb tiaa but vara relatively aaall ant .v vldaly spaced area after tventy vaaki. ^ Wtcbanl cal properties of tba - - steel base exhibited ao ebance for up to tea tasks exposure.- At 500C (5707), aa axpoaura of 00a day produced plaplaa orer tba > , ' aatlie aurfaoa of paoala of Oook-fcrtaaan aatarlal and vltbla three days a frosted appearance developed. Oeneral plaplin oa Saodtlalr panels h leas prooounoad and tba oharactaristle aatta finish VM OOt ftrralopad. ^ At tba atlll blfther ta^aratura of JJJf C (6jy7)* tba datarloratloa of tba Qook-Nortseen coatlnp described above mi duplicated but at aa acoalaratad rata. Oaoaral plapllo* over tba vbola. panel aurfaoa aat ! , developasat of tba aatta finish aa aore or laia aoaplata after oea aad  **TC mil aad there m little further change up to twelve mil. The outer tine layer reaelnlag could U readily peeled away after .two weka exposure. ^ Ecpotur* of tbo Stofldslr abooi it 335C (^5y) jUo metmUd th* tffKti h o tb lovtr tMptroturo of JOOro (57Cr?). Bcploretory beating teete oa l*ell eraser: Is! electropieted eoatlag revolted la gross blistering eed tbe ease effect occurred with high- p>!rlty, laboratory-prepared coatings of varloue thlckoeeeee. fowsver, additional seeplee of tbe latter prepared by a oorel technique beheted eatlefactorlly aad without erldeaoe of blistering oa exposure to tbe mm beet treefeate. Pr*11elnary evaluation of the reeulte of teaelle teete oe tbe eteel beee after stripping of tbe beet-treeted Ooot-Mrrtsaaa aad Beadrtalr type postings bee revealed tbe followlagi . K-- Oook-Bsrtema sheet exposed at COOC (J907) aad tyfic (UO t) <|0iad a teodeaey to lowerlat of tbe teaelle strength after about foorteea weeks, but tble effect m miner. At yxPc (570r) both teaelle aad yield'!* . strengths declined eteedlly with ties of exposure, altboufb elongation' appeared to be uaaffected. Thla beberlor wee More exaggerated at J3JflC -(63$7) aad aa naieuel effect observed -la this case was an -abruptjpad s. appreciable reductloa la tensile strength sol sloogaMoo after fourwesks -M exposure. 10 vbat extent this Is a reel effect is aot known, k-i lbe Deodilsdr abeet ewe auefc. better reeleteaoe to exposure and.DO . .. . : significant changes la tbe tensile propertlee of"theeteelTbaee wereM'4?- " - , evident at.orbelovjOOc (570?7).i>At theblgber tesvereture < HM|butmldmalMaeh#eea%roi>^^RuSwwfmT A Vsrv % ' *- k . ieteiqm-* >*.??(* '(Stripping teete oa tbe above Materials bested at or below__ (6j5f) revealed well-defined trends la tbe ease of thelroo content** determinations only, lbejendelalr eeterlal again behaved-differently' la that only at J35C (63F7) was any significant lncreaee apparent. Z4* Inspection of peaela of both grades ofsheet exposed at 3S5C(ijO^) aad VKMxr^cca(7s}oGhry)) revea-le-d rapid*d...e..t.e...r.i.o...r.a...t.ion o.f...t.b..e.....................a...t*a early stage. Cook-M'rtwB aevlaadevelopediBuoerouv seal! plepr tbe entire surface within two boure et'jSjrC (690y) and tbe surface $ : tieaeforaed to a dull gray finish within sixteen hours.`Vtlttla .MfoMO *t further change In appeereaee^iaa'IbMfedifeib:aftr'.'fOdrwweka^||bd'lrf` outer lino layer could be peeledavey after three days.'Seodttalr ebeet - exposed at this seat teapereture retained tbe obaraeterietlo feature of nucleating plaple growths at relatively widely scattered sites, feeling of the outer else layer m possible after two weeks. At the bl(her tea* perature of hCCrc (7>ClF), the various effects described above for each eeUrlal were reproduced at a MMethat sore exaggeiated rate . X-ray flworeeeence and diffractloa techniques, ae well aa alorchardness aeasuicaeata, have been applied In atteepte to Identify tbe 1ic m*1m alloy phase or phases present la tbe pivie growths oceurrlag'la the Bendtlalr coating. The results bare bees Inconclusive and furtber tecte . are being aade. to1 --#* TX-A joining of tlno Bsse Products. Aaerlooa I eltlsg I Itefialac Oo^eay, kr. I* T. Jojrdoa, Kr. I. B. Wo Ibis progns Is directed toward the coaptlatlee of dot* oo tbo bonding characteristics of various classes of sdbeslns m Joining m4U for line. ttetbode of Jolalag and organic adhesive* on evaluated o to ttaelr physical adequacy, tbelr w n of application nod their Mocodc fMiiMutr. the final otjMtlM of tfao project to to publish o 000001 oo .-4 'Adhesive booling of tlM to Itself ood other entertain'. this oooaol 1U bo o eooplUtlaa of two types of dotai (1) those available froo the asaufnctunn of the adhesive# 00 the physical, cbartcel ood aecheat cel properties of tbs edbeslvs* tt'wlm ood (2) those which MU. describe tbm oooo properties of the adhesives oo they corn to Jots or tool xlao. During the first phase of tbs pragma, sort u porfonsd is tbs rr- ftsUoMag otoosi * >> a??'* 1. 0umylag tt* Utenton 00 available adhesives ood tbelr characteristics. -> y. < * ** < S. Coatacting tbs eaoufncturere of adhesives to abtala 1 ; aotsrlolo for use Mth tlae. *, ^ * ' Brrtertag the mage of etmse ood taapsntan touhlch toads between sloe ood otter aoterlal* say te sxpscted to ts subjected, h. Selecting specific adhesives far testing, J. Obtaining tte dMtndfflamaMaasg. 6. Itevlertng tbs typos of toots.coanrmly oaedtoeveluata Strengths of booded eatsrials. . T. Ortondstag tbs offset,of testing pamaetem tbs Utonton sum/ bos stem us tbst tban^sn am fbrailotloos available which porfors satisfactorily:uoder ooadtttoas sad that o user of 'sloe cos tgr cooeultstloa Ml Manufacturers obtain rsoomndsttoos for o,portteulsri^ot 'But tboso nomnlstUu la tbo torto aojority Of mass booed, co toots or ozporlooQO vltb Uacodborcods^od |*po< ooodsd to sstobllsh a body of dota co tbo bood stnagtb xtao* ' Za as effort to dotontas dostnd erltorto for-tbs solsctloa of adbosinst f:r*t pnferoooo m gtvm to good nslstoeoo to sxpooun aoodi> tloM, *U,, uator, boot, ltsbt, ots. A nttag of good to steeliest Is rtslttoboa to voter, boot ood U^it vore required of adhesive eloseee to J ' be laltlolly tasted. Other arlterlo used were bond Stracgtb sal eosO'Of m oppliestloa oad aurtsg os veil os tbs exteat of preseat popular soaasislol .yr'.i * H#. ; A eurrey of tba properties of tbaaa adbaalraa shoved that tboes T Claatlflsd aa theraoecttlng bar* tba blgbeat probability of fulfilling oat of tha above criteria, Ml art tfcu, ao*t iultabla tot tba am daaaadlng application* involving tine. therefore, the flrat taattng vae dooa with tha tpoxy-b**d adbeelree, alooa they represent a elaaa of ad* ** beslres baring high strength and teaperature ataMUty ooefclned vltb aaaa of appllcatloo. It la interesting to oota that tba epoxies vara reooa* Beaded by several adbaalva aaoufacturers la aaawar to Inquiries aa to 1 vhlch coup tbay would suggest for floo. 4. . j'n-Vir * Slooa 00a laportsnt objective la to preeent data vhlch oao ba uaal for design purpoaaa oa bool properties of aoaa of tba ooaaarctally avail* abla adbaalra olaaaaa vltb floe aa adbereodt, it la aecassaiy that tba aecbanlcal taatlac data oorar types of l#li atrvaaaa to vhlch tba boola aay ba subjected. tba four baalo typaa of atraaa eaeoaot irad la booling ara tanella, sheer, cleavage, aod paal. Iba ASM describee teetlag pro*:, caduras for aaaeurlag these stresses, and la aoaa eaaaa offers several teat designs for a apaelfle proparty. Iba lap Joint, although not"'- - ' representing any single typa of etrese^xit ratbar tba totaraetloa f ... aararal of tbaaa atraaaaa, la oftaa selected aa tba batt aethod of aar i; raying tba -propartlaa of a group of adbaalraa for tha following raaaooat; ' (1) neat of tba,theoretical affort baa bcaa devoted to lap Joints, (2) : aoetof the data rvportad la tba lltaratura ora basad oa lap Joints, (3) 'lap Jolata art tba scat cnawi naans of structural Joining, and (k) lap Joints ara aaally prepared la tba laboratory. Muqr structural adbaalraa < .ereretedln omuTacturer*' literature by their abaar strength using aa' overlap Joint aad, tbarafOra, tba lap Jolat desist will ba ueed'extentlraly^ la thla program. . ; _ r., t, ' --ffiMSHbrA ` ` " ' **#'*<'** 'During the aeocod pbaaa of the program, a larga auribar of wara Uada aod teetad. '.Studies wire oooduetedea tba^if *f ,the adbeetTte wlth tine edhereod. " - *->?* , . . '.j,"-:, ' -\}vP I cbtdi bare baas obtained vttb tba aeaufueturerst4reporte&'ilaeal 'theiredbeelree, but it la fait that further loraatlgattoea 1 paired before dafinite oooclualooa eaa ba rveebed.. " *. - ym - 5'.'- v >\\ 't? '-At J VJ. * '* ;VfV 4.' if? > **- v..dvr , o-- - - - 4 * ............ - * ' < ' '4' -' ^ &h, . x l-'- ''_-'**** -^1 \4s e*f. - ijjr* -S 4-r 4 . "f- f-t * CKBCCAL WCOW 1, rc-12 - yuada--ntal tpeaetlgatloo of tlae Ch--deal*. {)art4nuUr faaear& 4 tagip--rng tfwnili hr. J. 0. Iblui, Or. it. C, Aeory lhla AadianUl reeearch piofria 1* oooeeroad vltb tba ebevlatiy of MpwiiM ooapouada al the aystbeelt of --v aloe orgaalo ebaoleala. Cm preparation of a variety of cine-containing eonpouala ud poly-re wi continued and ouch attention vu devoted to tba aynt-ela of tine oaatalnlng poly--r*. faoctloce etuqiaid'Involved poly-coordlnetioe of cl-- loo vltb appropriate bta-bldentat* ligand* and laorgaale onoflan--tlooa lorolrlng alne broslda and XVtfe group orgenooetatllo oneyocrde oootalBlng (BlOSa and (OaSoa group*. A --rlaa of blpyrldyl and O-pbeoantbrolyl ocapUiH of Inorganic aloe aalt baa sow boos obtained analytically pure. A atody of eubetltutloe roaetloo* of aloe ble-acatylacatooete vaa atartad. . T ; ` . -,,$ ' Iba ability of tba aloe loo to oeapUx or ooordlnata vltb oaaf dlffaraat > -4 . ^ . ', typed of organic nolaeulea aakaa It poealble to ayntbeelae * variety of lstaraatlcg ooopoond* vltb aa yvt --datar--nad proparti--. ''^gi^ts^s Oapomda bar* bate and vlll bo autadttad ce a ecntlnaou# baala to ')? . *?KX 4W * " oraloatloo aad taatlag group* for application po--lbllltlM. Cm-- era aa foUouei >,*.-*>i * .-i - ' S*-' i* sfevS*>v- V"i- s ' * r^ '"^v 0. 8. Depart--at of Agriculture r--tlddea Sreeefc - fatbaada, fairyland ! r- i' '3 4a `*'-M - -V, *............... 1*4' 0. 8. nab Wildlife laboratorl-- t-p;';1 '-fanvar#..Ooloiado, avtlK ' t -J?. > trJSf IS 'fv . i^sfev. Jar ?>v ' `f *TJ * '*9fcp*rjt *v Drug Da--lopoaot faaach Cancer Oieaotberapjr fatleoal Senrlo* Center ^Setbaade, ijtoqrlaad #*mw -V- 44?$t ' * Ourltg tb* period of thla report Oapbaala vaa aleo dlrectad tovarda . tb* agntbeala of oolaeul-- oootaleleg alnc-eulfur booda. Attaotloo vaa ..^ glvea t? cbelatloa and polomerliatloo reaction* of aoo* of tba-- oev ooo- ;,?4'',p0UDla -and aeroral attaapte - vetv --de - to aystbaal-- balngeeatad glae 1 .^ ; oeatylaoetooatoa. '/tlraet broednatloo of alna aeetylacetoeat* aa^vall a* alternate prooadura, reaotloe of tlno oaitooet* vltb balooea^goato--* ga-- Abaaactoalvo. goaottg, Sbo ooordlMtloo poly--ra obtataed froo bl*>pota*aliaa xaatbat* aad also aoatata vara found to bare lev tbaraal etablllty, faooap--Itl-- prod* uota lMlude earboo dlatilflde aad oarbooyl eulflda. A aider of floe ealta of tbloaelde beve been ayotbaal--d aad tbelr ability to coordinate vltb oltrogea be--e vert etudled. A aerie# of tfl* teretting ebalata aoepouada ae vail ae to-- oev ooordlnatloa poly--re bare b--o obtained. Cy cWS? * ,ib,. r 'i & ' "ft y&z /A Aa erteneir* literature eurrey hM been collated oo tb* problea of tlao deficiency 1b tb* toll of varloua eountrle* tbroufbout tb* world. tbo aurrey Include# a r*el*v of the factor* vblch oaue* tine defl. deacy, tba tnu of known tine deficiency, and a iti7 of tba tut etboda cod comctln treataaota euecettfully need by other* to dlafaoe* ud treat tlao deficiency la crop*. fb* lnforaatlon Obtained bo* been oouplled Into a prel1*1nary draft copy of a brochure oo tlao la acrlcultur*. 1b* report 1* aow la tbo baada of tba Aaerlcaa tlao Znetltute, which will otlllta the Infonation aa a baal* for tbe preparation of a deecrfptlv* and Uluatratad biocbur* for : Central dlatrlbntloo. V* * -r :" a.-i'jZfil.3tgSS-^aiir fC'^-rF I* ''^ ^...4. ->4 ' s^ f>< 'V 'i <taf ^ `.v ~ glaa la Oraalc H*t*rl*l* ftUoMp Procraa a. tc-bl H>** BUtlonhlp* t Wqrtlcal Proparty XiruTwirt of Eloo 0ld< eyUtM, n Poma/lranl* Btato bnlr*rity. Hr. J. J. * ferovn. Proft*or t. A. r Work la eootlaulac on ftmfla--ntal *tudl*a of ternary *yatn* tfeleh la* olud* also odd# and otbar artalllo art MbwtalUe oxld*t. to**# *qulUbrlun relationship* of th binary tit* la thla tjrrttt *r* btlo< worked oat and ffort* *r* belt* nade to toaalar tb* liaala**o*oo* potential of tb* pbitH proaoat. Burloc tb* period of thla report tb* pbaa* equilibrium relation* la tb* *yt*n wirt datnndned la order to **t*bU*h tb* oxlataao* o Ou q t aolfd aolutloo raclosa hleb *d(bt Mnri u hoetuttlc** for pfcophar preparation*. It vu aboua prerioualy that OAr tad hr* would lMoorpboualy rwplao* each other la lni(P<\)2 aad Ot,(PO^)2 aad that tb* raaoltlac aoUd aolutloca wn aultabl* boat battle** for aaftgnn***-actlrated pboaphora. It la tharafor* raaaonabl* to btllrr* that aoUd aolutloo alao axlet* la tha Zo^gDpOdgPgOf ajr*taa aad that pboapbora eould b* prepared. , ,, .,t.: v, in srarw la tb* pbaae equilibria* dlayraa for tb* *yat*a Katsack : aad >uea*X bar* abovo that tajfi. I a rapid rererelble'liierflSo'at 132C. la tha preMot lnreatlgatloo ft waa found tbat th* hl*h teaparatur* A ffarm eould b* atahlllaad ty tb* addltloa of man than 6 aol* parent Odjfgji.. .It v m *aatabbUllahba*d thbat 40J -:En-fjCL 1* aolubla la Od-fJtVto about aol* percent ZnjJ~U~*. aad--Cd---pj-CL if aolobl* la (oaboet 2J i '* ftmot pi. sP.. J* X-ruynlifTraetlo P*tt*ru^^.2a>^fc^ IJQfyfjjpS4x4 quit* ^alsliarMXbartfbra^t^*1 tb* atxuoWr** or tb* tbr* aat*rlala art elo**ly r*lat*d 1b* ut*ctla t*ap*r*toir* aad no*qo*ltlon art 9*>1C aad 29 aol* p*re*nt.01^>f roapactlral/. Tb* astir* EaJPJX.-Cd-J'.A, ay*t*n la laaa fontinc. tb* retffrra*etl** ladie** vary alaoattllWrl/froi tojPj&r (1.61$) to Cd-pJX. (1.692). Aa tb* cootrat of Cd-foO0L. laer*a*** It b*coo4a locr--elndl/ difficult to :fW l**a*a. '.'-Aootbar pba** of thla lor**tlfatloo waa to nxaaln* tb* phaaa nqulUbrlun rtlatloosMp* la tb* bleary ayatana laO-OaO, EnO*8rO# aad ttO-h*0 aad atd>**- ; guest!/ aaaaur* tb* tbaraal aapaaaloa of tb* oooponad*. ,j>t Oo^ocltloo* war* pr*par*d by rvactlat approprlat* proporttooa of taOf OaOO,, CrOO., *ad/or BaOO. at lOOCTC la air. Identification of tb* phaa** la tb*M preparation* by ataadard I-ray diffraction proo*dur*a cboaod that drZoOj aad BaZoO; ware tb* only coapouad* pr***st la tb* *y*t*a* EoO-8rO aad EoO-BaO r**p*etlf*l/. to coapouod* v*r* found la tb* a0-C*0 a/*taa. It vn* lapoaalbl* to obtain bar *p*elnn* of drfnO, aad BaZeO. aultabl* for tbaraal *xpao*loo Mafurawnt* b*oau* both ooayouna* bydraUd rapldly ubaa axpoaad to air. __; lb* pb*M rI*tlon*hlp* la tb* ZoO*C*0 */*t*a ar* of tb* fl*pl* mtactl* typ*. lb* *olldu* t*ap*atvr* wt daUnlatd to b* about 1550C, bowrr*r, ubttaatlal vaporliatloa aad* It poaalbla to datamlB* tb* Uquldua boundary. \ 3& .' t Cm probable phaa* ralatlooahlp* la the InO-BrO ayttaa vara aooatrueteA fro* differential tiMreel aoslyalf (D.T.A.) data. SrZrO, apparently salt* lBeoccrueatly *t 12T5tlQC. Cm eutectic traperetur* ul ooefoeltloo at* 12<*0tlCloC and 35 to kO aol* $ ZoO respectively. Cm InO-baO phase relatlooahlpe *t* vary alallar to tboa* la the ZoO-ArO ayatea, BaZnO, aalta lncoocruectly at 1?30*XOC and th* eutectic te^aiatur* and eoopoeltloB at* raapectlvely llTS-lt^C and J9 to kO aol* f ZoO. In Both tba IcO-ArO and ZnMMO eyateaa, co^oeitloo* eoetalelac lea# than ko aoX* % ZoO rapidly hydrated aftar reecttoo abac axpcaed to air. m* fellovahlp profrea tM been extended throuh th* 19&2-196J oad*al* JW- ...... ...v. V . b. ZC-kj ' - yaadaaantal Study of tine Ooapouadi la Olaaaaa, Hotter*, . Cm State baivaralty, fallow 0. A. dbaee, Profaaaor C. J.PhlUlp* Work u ecctlouad oo th* davalopaaot of oev claiaaa centalnlo* tine in thalr ooopoaltlooa. It la anticipated that that* tlMNl will .-.j? find vldar application Is aarfcrta for product* la tb* electrode field| for f Obaaloal vara, and for tb* anufactur* of flbrou* (Umj a* frit*, to dartlop lov-loM (laaa pbaaaa In oaraalc dlalactrlc bodlee; a* oooatltuaet* is oeraalo dielectric bodicej aa eooetltuast* Is oaraalo dlalactrlc and other bodla* aftar dealtrlfloatIon. ^ . -nw... Cm procedure outlined la px*vtaia report* baa bean continued. 'All yrtea* laeluda one or aora froup TI cxldee (0, 8, Be, fa) to Uch ZoO or ! other Hoc coapouada baa* baaa addad. Other aside* of fucdaaantal latareet are gradually bales addad . ..tt L ^ - Se j s s Data Pravlooely - reported Additional work re- . : ported bare mwit flrat t*. ported bar* r: r ^ _ { > S: TtO- J1>, too Vt ?t *" 19. 80. ei. *23 * too further work dooe la tha ayetea TaO.aZaCl artO eboved that aa the aaount of tool 1* lncreeeed the aaltlaf teopertture Stcreaeea weiy greatly. Bow* erer, when loCl, exceed* hOf (bjr vt.) large crystalline eaaura of derltrlfl* oatloo occur aafklef the llalt of eolublllty of EoClj, la tha (laae. Oa tha baala of tha low Baiting tendency of thaaa (Iu h i, tha coefficient of tberaal azpaaaloe will ha aaaauiad oa erreral eowpoeitlooa to detention thalr poaaihla walua aa eolld-etate derloe eaoapaulatino glaaeea. Mdltlooal aalta produced a uoohar of claaa fOna^tona which anal to faawa Interacting alaetrloal propertlea. . thla fellowship baa haaa extended through tha 1962-196J aeadeale year. ' ZC-JkJ - (ttreloal AQieolcal Propsrtlea of fgQ Olaaaes for Vitreous : Eaea* Wng, Capartaaot of Claaa Technology, Uulraralty of Sheffield*' Kr. Anthony I. T. Ua# Professor |L V. Douglas Xmaatlfatlcoa wara eootlaued oa tha (haaa relatlooehlp of tha UJO - tcO-aOj-nO- agrataa owar vide raaca .of co^oaltloa..^^. (,. ; Bpadaaaa la tha font of a eooa and wlghlng 0.2 ( ware uaed to study > . 1 tha lldta of glass foroatloo. the opeclaeoa wara bald at a teaperatura ,, slightly higher thaa tha Uquldus tauperature until a elaar aalt wasob* -.taloed.ssib# epecloeni wara thenwlthdrawn froa the furnaee repidly and queocbsd la air. A petrological; aetaallleete, llthlua silicate, aloe ortho alUoata. wara ldeatlfled aa prlaaiy (haaa crretals.Proa tha raaulta obtained la the preseat loreetlgatlon and tha loforwatlon fro* prarloua work oo the U,0- , 0, ayetea and tnO-510, ayetea, It la likelytbattboee .five crystals jand ^ the`hick taaparatura fora of alllca, crletobollte, ara tha only prlaary .<-*' pbaaa crystals la thla oyataa with aon thaa^WO-.^j^^^.^^f^. ... . '> ' ' '>! 'y Bom dlfflcultlaa ware oaoouaterad la tha ldastlfloatloo of tbenakaowa cryatal A, but tha ooapoaltloo of tha unknown ciyatal A la now tantatlraly - found to bo Id^O.tnO.BlO^.Wore data oa tha .Uquldua teeperature bars been ... collected at eSipoaltloa^paartha expected bounlary lloee^betweenJLbe ,ad>. . X* Za future work, ooepoeltlooa Bear to UWB.ZnO.SlOp will ba lorettl(*tad to datemine whether tha cryatal A foraa any aolld eoluttoo with 810., ZsO, 140. or coacouoda of thaa. Alao tha ahlftlac of tha paake. If any, will ha lovlatlpatad to aaatkt tha loterpratatloo of raaulta. Aovavar, tha coapoeltlooa ara axpaotad to bare wary hlfh llquldua taaparaturaa and tlatorlaa technique with rape*tad grinding aad raalxlac aay hawa to ho uaad. Sf#fe3*e^ h *pulUhrla nlatloaahlp of tto oo*g>o*ltloa aaor tto wtMtla point tad tto parltaotlo point* will U lr**UiUd to that tto plua Ui|iu jr te NttbUiM. A hot atag* aderoaoopa 1U to oooatructad to atudy tto tochaala* of er7*talliMtleo> /"l . nil fcllowwhlp progn* to* tot* axtaadad through tto 1968-196J Mtolo poor. g, tc-58- - Ierrttgtloo of tto totorlor of tloa Ooopound* Obtor Bib Er*ur, Ito twnnylraala Stata Onlr*rlty, fallow (j.A. tit**, K?***or"mbp Ugh twg>*rtur*-hlgh pn**un lnr**tl*tloo* of tto polywrpba of ZoO in ooetioulcg la aa ffort to obtain tottar l*nUaUi| of tto raaac*a for tto gnat varly of phyiloal ptopartlaa of ZoO aad to tor*lop m* waa for ZoO. - - ' Ito pndletad high praanra polyaorph of ZoO with tto fed atroetan to* toa aynttoclMd, cryatal growth atodlaa eo ZoO tor* toao atartad* and wort 1* programing oo tto oeaplax 1M hydroocid* ptohlao. Uniaxial high prataon aaril* of * caw atylo vwr* tto* triad which . aaahloA m to to wad* op to 120,000 ton.Vlth tto u m of totoratod-'Ml Cl olutloo a* a aloaiallMr, It wa* found that ZoO do** lod**d tor* a high p*3t0on0*iaCN. i*MnpoaMlyaoalar.pfatctkowa haeiacomhilayafom*4Ira-a--*-w---la**0lltaah**r a1o05fhkhr*atwrr4ipaarj*d*t**wiiul-ha-r-iaV-c-h--t*a-*w4-a-1-gi-1l-al-^-ff-raa-o--cl-*ll.U.la--taot^*-',*, - tto ooav*wr*rilloooo.. tooOO** araa 1UI3 kUr and 325C, *ara 00 coonralo*.^^ Wort waa also toga* 0* tto growth of ZoO cryrtal* oo&tr hydrr^1------ * * - ` of l0rltla*._7,.- etudlM oo Za(oe), *ho**d that In vl*v of tto appnnat CMptoUf^. tto Zo(0B)a polyaorpUtn, tto ftna-gfenat relation* .one only to datandaad . hy *llada*tlag any poailMllty of oo*g>l*x fomtloo with tto r**g*nt* u**d to propara tto alao faydrozld*. *r*n cootrollad eiyatalUiatlo* of Zn(0i)s froo *a aaaoolaoal aolatloo In a elo**d *yst* haa gtrwa only Halted aaounta of cryatala and fUrttor wort la atlll nqulnd. -' Ugh pnaaura *tudl*i ocwillewlu *r* continuing. So fhr It burnt too* po**ihl* to covert wHlewit* into a high pr*a*ur* polyaorpb avan with Vor *. cl a* *ltoiMaara.if^#'gy?.^j. vA two ladlnct a*thoda an tolng trl*d. Ito flrwt utlllxaa tto alMral toolaorphlt* Zo l (8190t) (08), tJ>, wwhhich d*hydnt*a uad*r high pnnura aad tap*ntun to f tojBlOo cQ^o*lltloe. X-ny axaalnatloo of tto ltd* ttal run* haa ahowa only wiuaalta aad toalaorphlt* in tto *ad product*< Bovmr, a rue *t ZltfC nod 10$ khara produo*d a aaagil* wboa* X-ray pattat* mi ooopl*tly devoid of datactabl* nfl*ctloe. 8*00*, It would appaar that thla la tto thmhold lrrtl for tto poatulntad atnictural tnultlo*. Tt eeeood aotfaod utlllie* gtlo eo that the exletlag ctruetun of vlUralto need not bo flnt broken down boforo nerraacmeot to tbo OUelne etructure era toko plaoe. Doing tbo aethod deeorlbod by toy (1956)# goto Of ooopoeltlon eZoOjSlOj or* now being prepared. Aa ottoopt m oloo oodo to obtols o high proeeura form of toS. ftoo> ptereeceot grade ZaS mi uood. Ito X-ray diffraction pottoro obomd it to bo o Blxture of 90$ epbolerlto, 10JI vurtolte. fbo only offoct of pnoauro ee tblo ZaS woe to raaora oil trooo of tbo vurtilte froo tbo X-ray patterae of tbo high proooui* run*, to chaago la tbo X-ray pottons of tbo opbolorlto could bo detected.eraa op to 113 kboro ood 19frc. Io0 ooturotod H^Cl osd eetumted to-B oolutloa rare oddad 00 odsorolliora but bo eoerareloa to o toCl otractefe could bo dotoetod. , v Cryotol growth otudloo 00 ZaO obowod that It woo pooolblo to piwporo cryotale of ZaO up to $ ullllaotora looc oad 1 allllaotor la dlorator by bydrotborool technique* at 16,000 pol and 57<rc. Ooturotod toCR oolutloa boo tom uood 00 o eotolyot. Both bluo oad gram tinted ciyatolo bora bom prepared but tbolr truo oomoeltloa* bora aot yet bom dotoralnod. lt ooy bo that loobago of toOR froo tbo gold containing tubo produced, 09, to, to or Kt looo ty raoctlm with tbo eteUlte boob. . 4i' "-jblo follovehlp program boo bom oxtoodod through tbo 1962-196} ooodoula , `year. * ' ' . ioung, FrofoooorV. X. toooooa , ^ -Vs . <..'+*!' - *<' Hutoraooo Um torrlUo oro lnveatlgated la tblo follovoblp progroa l o otudy lo node - tbo fOctoro which 1 ,jy. Jfe, *<. ................... ............. . sf>:-turii tbo period of tblo report otoadordo of known eoopooltlaa^wra diluted In borax gloio (todlua borate) to o ratio of lOO part* of glao* to . 1 port of couple, Belted together la a plotlna crucible, then pound cote a bot plate to fora oaoll glooo dloco. tbo oomooltlon of thooo oafla, i,~ v boforo tbolr dllutloo la tbo borax glace are ebovn below, ii': . t *v . f"t#4* COKPOSXTTCW Of CTAITOMP MWUS -* .>~r %,4* 14 J4.> 1 1 J^tolo 1 toagla -v, V'.. ix.J ' *' * IgA"'-. ^ . tea probably to lcbcuofanaous airinf lo tha flaas, tha tons (lui dlso aathod of X>ny fluonseaoea staodardlaatloe vn oot eo**>latsly Ntli* factory ut i mv aathod of vUnduttMtlM 1* bslaf lnMUpM. Za addition, find saaplaa an bslof prepared la the soapoaltloa nnfc of Mi>Za>farrltos of pvaUit technical latanat. Cm probin of clao loss vlU to studied oo those eoapoeltlaoa. f. XC-T1 Moo Odd* la structnnl day Bodies. Ohio State Oolvarsity, fallow bonsld Bnneoo, Or. VlllUa B. Shook this fallovehlp procreates beta recently laltlatad at the Ohio Stata . University for tha 1962.1963 acadaale year. Cm study la Ul^ conducted by tellov tecald Bnaaoo, vbo la a fnduet* atudast la Oaraale Irplnaarlaa, aad work 00 tha project baa already bsfta. Cm propoaad naaareh will Involve laraatlsatlooa to datandaa tha influence of ZaO 00 tha aechanlcal aad physical propartlaa of structural clays aad to explore tha aecbanlene napooalbla. Ou^laa vlll ba pnpand aad tattad aa to flexure, poroalty, aatuntloo coefficient, soduluc of elasticity and thaml cxpaasloo, aad aderoacopa aad X-ray techniques vlll ba employed to study tha fltlaf baharlor aad otter panaetan. : - teals atudlae vlll ba predicated 00 tha use of pon sloe adda, to that Ita offsets par aa oo tha propartlaa of structural slay bodleecaa be prop* rly delineated. fellovlac this, tha use of roaatad on vlU also ba .la* . raatlfatad to study tha offsets of lapurlttee 00 tha structural play aad to T .-iaatabllah limits oo lapurlttee. If tha feasibility of value roaatad on la ` * 5'.' structural slaya oaa ba preran, it vould cooatltuta a cnat eooeoale ^ risir&Ht tliuUft to tha uaa of aloe adds la structural alay bodlts. ..Hc-n^^kioo --------- -------- -------- ------------------------------------- teblnaoa -i *: ' t ibis ftUovsblp prefna tea noaotly base atUbllahad at Cleaeoa -= Agricultural Oallapa aad work oa tha protect tea befua vlth tha 1962-1963 acodaade yeer.tbe fallow aaslfned to this naaareh la Mr. IMa I. Boat > Zn vbo finished daoaoa Oollecs vlth aa e*ceUaot aobolaatla noord aad la oov eoatloilac his poet-enduete work. ^i'4 ... . TvopoeslMlltlee fw tha lacorpontlea of aloe la flaiae for ssvtr .^plpa hara bsan proposal for lsvastifatloe. One approach vould bo to atudy itdMtter addition of aloe cadda to lied-fluxed flans (dsvalopad oo a. . ./ prarloua LIA ftllovahlp) oould lacraasa tha durability sod nslataaoa to v a ___ ... oorroaloa of the flats aad oould aodlfy tha tharaal expenalooto fin battar v' fit of tha flan to the body.! Ibis approaah would elan lanstlfato the affact of anil addition of line oxlda 00 raduclaf tha viscosity of stvar pips flataa to provlda battar eonnfa of tha flan aad a lover aaturlaf taapantura. Cm second possibility would be to tavcetlfata the use of 1m boro* llleata aa tha prlaary flu* la a flan pnpand froa natural aavar pipe nv aatarlala and tha pnpand also boroslHosts, Ola approach offtra a toc4 eteaoa of davaloplnf eav lafonatlos by prorldlnf a aathod of Intro* Into tha flan (bon* eaaoot ba used la aa unfrlttad flan Aa ffort vlll b aad to purrut both llw* of auUavor UulUaooualy la tht* fallovihlp projret. ,, y r if -- \ir-rr-n,*.* . ,?,. ^ ; Jv }* V * `'`.Vt'- 'k"'l*. ' > 1 *'. v, - ix&'r ' --- ,, /' V *~'4' *4 ^ . * * J * '* * -*. ***" - (* . : * , ,.._ - . ..* . P Jj ,^-*. ^%-r ` *' .. V . i >-iA'*": * ,.. ,fc-;> _,. i .-: " ' *- . _,<v- **. > '., ,-W ,^ * v - *' . , ft* > V1^*- ^*&&***rr-{ * ^ i** ^**/***>.. ^jjr ^ rl* ,, Vv *-' ** r:^^- s^^S.iU-' ^.-V *' *=$&; ^ V45 3f/vp^U< k\ ,*rX .,'*V . -ir-c - - -.'* ^' r ' ; j f j `., - j-'V >; ' - x.-M*- 15 _ . .% .; o. aecwocHaocAt wonwuc l. g-111 - Vat fltoraga Btalnlng of Oalwanlaod Shwat. krtoat kaaaardt'tauadntloa tba broad abjactlra of tbit raaaareb prograai la tha dleoorary of orcaolo ocatlaga which My ba applied to a galvnnlMd natal aurfaon by apraylng, broahlng, dipping, or otbar approprlata naana, to protest a watar-rapallaut, aalf-baallag, corroaiop-prrregtira coating. It la asticlpatad that aueh a natarlal trill ba baaad oa olli, wanna, and wetting agasta, and trill bars graatar affinity fcr tba alas aurfaon thaa doaa oatnr, tbua pranatlng oorroaioa through tba twlaaloa of aolatuxa. Oalaaaltad ataal protecta auffar a tjrpa of oorroatoa boo aa Sat atoraga ntain* daring ahlpplng and atoraga. Many protactlwa traartnaotabrra baan daralopad, coat of which utlllia aeaa fora of chroaata aa aa Inhibitor, r.v ^ Za rrmlnatlcg tba raqdraoacta for an affaettra wtt atoraga atala protaetlva traataaet, tba following faaturaa warn glras ooealdaratlQai 1< tow Coat - lllaatla coat trill drpaod tq tba protest. bat should ba la tba order of eanta par too for atrip. ... .. * Bywa^of Protection Aa Idaal traateaat will laat indefinitely not be anally daatrqyad daring handling* 3. laee oOff Apnllcation - Aa pointad out above, a protective tract* aast eahocouuLMd Dnot ragolrt axeaaalat tlaa for application, nor . ebcnld it raplrt grant daal of apaca la a prooaaalng Una, ^ Pipping b. to Color * tba appearance of tba galtraalaad protect ahoold ba * . neeentlnlly Wnefaangedj If aeM ebanga oecnra. It abould ba. planning, -_ 5. Paalir Panorwd - If renewal la required for painting or otbar - aanufacturlng groceeaea, tba traataaet ahoold ba raafflly . * ` a-trlp pad by oearaa..t.l.o..e..a...l..p..l.a..n...n..ing or d-agraam- ng aatb- od- a. Sjiff&tUt /- 6. .goldaring the treetaant woat not lapalr eoldarabUlty (and'-VC/ ahoold preferably not mad to ba naewad bafora aoldaring), . T. ValdlW * tba welding propartleeof galtranlaad ataal abtald nog ' worn# by tba traataaet. a. tinting * Again, aa Idaal protaetlwa traataant would not Inter- tra trivb painting, but abould certainly not bare aa Mtant ?affaot If reamed prior to painting. v -V i ; **, Bilpr'ina froparttaa tba traataant thculd not eaoaa elected .& * aEaata to allda on aacb otbar, alnea thia would ba quite , a, dugtrow during handling of heavy Ineda, On tba otbar band, whara aatarlal la auppUad la notla, thia requlranaat la pro* bably of ao laortaMt. In fact, a dagraa of lubricity tight ba highly daalrabla la oartala oparatlooa, aucb aa gaap drawing of auto body aactlooa. -te. Tt basic requlrsosot of any sotted for prevent114 wt storage etsla 1 that tte cocvsrtloe of sloe to voluaiooua eorreeloc products be baited* Ibis la eoccnpllsbed lo the case of Inhibitor-type troataaota by the for* satloo of an Isolating fils at tbs aloe surface. It could step ba snow pllshsfl by storing the Batorlal in a solsturs-fras enclosure or by applying a heavy coating of a protective organic notarial, such aa paint. Ibere la anotbar principle, bovever, vblcb can bs used to produce affective Isolation of a also surface Arcs aa aqueous savlrocnaat. Whea certain organic ccagounds are brought Into contact vltb tlno, they taod , to act tba surface preferentially, la ease eases actually dltplacltg eater or aqueous aedla vblcb ere already present. Bile principle le tba baela for the "povderlsss etching* of tine printing platee. Certain blends of oils, solvents, and vetting agents creep over tba turfaec of tba plate, displacing nitric acid frcs the alao and thereby control1 <ng tbs etching rate. It la precisely this principle vhlcb ves euggaeted as tbs basis far a vet etorage stain treatasnt. In vlev of tba very effective vay In vblcb attack of tine by nltrlo acid can be oootrolled, it van postulated that It should be even easier to find a coaposltloo vblcb vould `M-t ')-''* pure voter fren a tine surface* , Ihrtbereore, a veter-dlspleclng flla vould act need to be beevy, lose its protective action Is by "preferential vetting* aa opposed t ' s, ' To^' covering power*. Even acre attractive le the fact the! el^le die end vane are taoag the least costly organic Materials available. , , ,.v. . Laboratory ladleatloaa are that tvo low coat, vax-llka eagemb vltb excellent wet etorage, stela lnhlblting cbaracterletlcs have b discovered,' bovever, field' teste are continuing to detenlne their adequacy under aerrlce condition. J" ' >4 81,--rising the findings of this pregran the follovliy reeulte vere observed: '-tf-y > A. ibe concept of o Neter-exclodlng* and *eraeping* flla has ben '.? above to be sound, -furtbernare, costings have ben discovered vblcb ban V ' , v* i'": either, neither, or both of these properties. ( V -y 1. ibe veter-rspeUest action appears to be derived fra oertala obnlcal additive# vblcb prnote tba ability of aa oil phase to vet the sloe surface, la this sense, they are Netting sgsote": this tors mist not be eeeftteed, bovever, vltb the usual aseolng associated vltb "detsrgsots", riera tbs vetting action of tbs vster la tthaaced- -fleifl rg ' dlrplecmnt of the Oil phase. C. Ibe creeping action of ea organic flla is related eloeely to Its vlsooelty as veil as to the presence of vetting agents. A very protective coating, for exsa^le, eey ebov no ereeplcg action Vbatever if It la eon* posed largely of highly viscous versa and oils. 73- AW 0A -#4 i'Mi^ --4-: * r >A~ **&& Iff fesr* %is '5@?<4*'< yl Sits KftiMttt 3i- -ir 0 B. Sceallaot jrotactlcn *ainat wet ateraga atala M]r t Obtalaad firm a miw of low ooat, aully ejragrad ceatlag ocwpoaltlooe > Tba aatarlal ot for tba coating* danlcpad la tbla nogim an low. It la aatlaatad that galncdcad ataal abaat cad ba traatad at a eoat of tO.lO to |o.0 par too, and poatlbly aaeb laaa. - T. Tba orgule coatlost mifamlaff. for protactlM afalsat vat eteraca atala do not lotarfan with aoldarljtf, aaldlng, or paictlng and ara aaailp reoond bp coonstleeal fcpmloi mtboda, abort g-llB - Vat Btorag* Btalalar of Oalnnltad Sbaat. Tba Britlah ^ ,.>vv Itao-Farron hatala baanrcb Aaaociatloc, Mr. HA Caapball . Tbla procraa oooatltotaa aaotbar praising approach towards a ' oolntloo to tba prbblao of wat tcna atalalag of pilnaUsd sbaot Tba prlaarp objsetln of thin raaaareb la tba study of (u pban tiaataanta . for tba dapoaltloo of lntclnbln protaetln film ahlcb would ha strongly., adbanet to tba galvanised eurfbee. r^,>; .... .'v''7.' .i;, - - < ,>*v. v;.7 la as effort to oomlata tba rtructun tactln.fUaa with tt>alr resistance to whits aad oragoeltlca of pro*.:n rating undar wet-atoraga; St i-; 3bfe' 'ooodltlooe, workdarlagthla repeat period veedlrlded Intoltwo.nela sectlcoa. Tlrstly. tba trleva of the prodoeert and tuen ef salvealsed abeetjfcen baea eoacbt co the leeldance of white rnrtlngjthe'effinney S.:-3 `Of chtfatlrt aad other preventive tnatnnt* oral labia aad tba effect * tbaaa.traafanta, aad efiddte .rartlng.ccmldaM llty and mint* .^Ability Of tba'ataal.'^Sacoodlp/ a 'atart baa been aada on .thsjmln'pi 'j>. ;of tba ` .................... taeawi' lte-rat ralrtaatj 3 '` -S'?iiaa raeult of lojulrlee aeoccrt nenufacturarsaad_______ Salve&lted ataal little laforaatloa aboot paint adharoaea baa hesafCTod. ( bat dlaarctec# of oplaloa ea waldablUty baa ooaa to t* ` ttet^inaaUat adnraalr bffbeta wldabilUr( otbara tbat lt doaa aot. bparlaastal taeta parfoaaad la.tbla propaa ban aatabll abad that 4,- aatlafaeterp walda oaa ba aada tbrooch tba tblckaat of ebroaato eoatlactj, bat tbara ara ladleatlooa that ebrcaatlac adaht ban aa affaet If tba^ taldlBf eoodltfooa wan of aarfiaal aocaptabllltp. ,^>4o lafenatlea J W..o...o...b`tal`aad oa po"aalbliaoi ffacta I o' f e' breaata iut nrtTfUaa oa | - "alaotnda :lif> " -ua5 "` I. to .bam a blchar .raalataaea tO:< raatlaa wbaa lt^ta oatwtllr waatband or atorad la dry ooolltlbba bafara a|nrt to tat iU*t|4 JTor tbla raaaoa tba poaalbllltp la balag lovMti^atad of prodoelac artificially and at aa aooalaratad rata tba - typa of protaetln flla foraad aatwnllp dviti veatbarloa or drp atonca. Tba aaton of tba fUaa oa calnaltad ataal - abatber fnahlp proftwad, attar dnr atoraca or aft^ .waatbartag la aot 'toowaj"bad ^wt; Jtperiaaota an la prograaa to datandn* tba oatwn of tbaaa flla*. , Tba affaet of tba aloadeua praaaet 1* oootlaooMly galvaadaad atrip will alao ba Ukaa late aoeooat. '' . *7^ ' it - it: * ?: E* A. T Previous research has sbovn that the rets of corrosion of alne la la ataospbsref vlth high carbon dlaxlds content. Ibis My be tea to tho formation of corrosloo product! la a tore protective fbra. It vea therefor* reasoned that (lac carbonate vould theoretically fora a good protective layer oa aloe because of lta physical hardness and Insolubility lo vatar. However although tlac carbooata la formed vban galvanised ataal la used la supply water* of high froa earboa dlealda eootaot It doaa not adhara to tho ortal surface. SI oca alloy layar formation la a factor Mich baa an affact oa whether or not a protective flla la for--d Initial arparlMsta are bslrg carried out oa solid speclasns of pur* tlac and aloe cootaloli* 0.1)1 aliatlma. Ibis altMoua oootaot Is of tbs ssaa order as that la tbs coating of continuously galvaulted atrip. If these Initial experlatota suggest a process by wblcb a protective flla My be successfully produced, attempts vlll be Ms to adapt tbla process to conditions which are ccagatlble vltb continuous atrip prodoetloa and to produce aloe carbooata by a gas phase reaction: la tbla case tbs probability la good that the alec carbooata flla tbua foraed will adhere to tba natal aorfaca. 'mW- DMMaVtMa oMaM tMbMla* aqallibrlua MZaWO Cw) CMcWCOb. BaTrVt Dnlo/bt freadily available but It baa bean reported that iW carbooata decoaposes. between jOO-.to SOO^Cjlnalr and that .tha partlal prtisura of csrboov - dioxide la a^ulllbrltas with sine oxide and ainc cerbooatc Is 1 ataosrbara t 395"C. J order to provlds aora storking .InferMtlon on this egullib* rlva. tha valght loss of alne carboasta and M^t cata or elnc orlda s . alter beating at different temperatures lncertoodloxide ataoapba: ! ^are belt* aaasurad.<#Othsr-fiactcr#to iba ;t*k*n!tnto account -ere' tba afer ' prsaaaca of '< > tbeet flla on i' tog alvaritxa. S.A ' m I .oagalvaulted coatlags eoctaloa Bose experimental vort bee been.directed toaards finding tha'aoat^.^ satisfactory method of testing for susceptibility to mbit* mating, a - steel test simulating eervlcecoodltlooa being preferred to tasUjf ^cMplata l^lM^^rt^ ..... .. ...................... "A"' Pif&vi6 lnyaatlgstlooa rto determloatbefeejlbimr efhe * ' prodomoottfk^protactlva^cetlngof.jtlne "* t.,00 galvanltad .Steal v ,* % , ' **/ ;v` J' 'j. (?) Evaluation or the beat Mthod of testing for auaceptthlltty to white rusting. r - : , >* -1.;- - ^ ` ^ (j) Consideration of any further InWrmatlcn Mleb My c o m to light oo the effects cf protective fllmeon fthrlcotloo procaaasa and on faiat sdbeeioo. MfT-f v; . X . / V " * ' 'iVi V' "F- f/N. *7V I v" j .2 alg - * flnlthw for fine Dl Canting*. Battalia flcm 111 ioitltvu, M***r. If. H.6afrank. fe. tt.Jttllar. I. v. lardy m C. 1. faort Thli premia of rmarcb oa aupirior flBilbao for tine All cutlnc* Ui It* chlf ofci*ctir tb tmlojant of prociAura* for laprorlt* th* durability of ilietrcplatad line All carting*. A wmy of practical aaployad for painting alactraplntaA All cactlng* revealed Alitlaet Alffirancii froa plant to plant Mild) ndgbt account for Inconel*tent paint adherence oo exterior antcaotlva bardvera. Recent chine** la practice* it on* pilot. Milch affected lire* laproreaent lo lAbcraoci. Include (1) aora thorough ind capiat* rlnelng iftir chrcalM platinginA (2) thorough drying with hint! of cold air. Practlen In other plinti, Milch Include ilmllir rlnelng proeiAam. bat Milch ilio Include tbi u of baetad ilr, evidently in oot i* oucenifhl, Biitlac thi chroma* plit* tend* to puilrato It.* Shu. It appear* that . activating tmtmti ir* better thio paealvmtlng tmtmto for porti V;-.' that cuoot b* piloted for aany boor* or aivanl Aaya oftor plating. SMi bypothcili *111 b* checked during future laboratory writs on proeiAam for oanAitlaulng chroelu* larficii prior to painting. t,-. - :' ' -i/ ' _ Raaaarch lwl at .aatahll ehing thi optima * plat* for pilot receptivity *a* InltlitoA ,with,aVtuAyJ pproprlito for aalntalnln* .thi chrcalun ;la,A'nilatlTClw ^ >e remit* oftheee axperlaectaver* coasparid Vlth othiri^ paaalvatlng BroeeAuraa.r A aerie* of experlaautaIncluded ra*ctlv*Uog;p**iw<hroma.tajIna pilot ''adherence'an correlated Kith .< npolnt.jttnicfwiji M , ^^Xtf^xporara' tmtitoO__l_t_lb__l_ll_b________, . ______ _ >p*Mla ton corrodiA to Aecraaiing degree :ot')tw:srollollMiwg `Be* TorkBaitor tog boat*, 2-1/2 aoothi of i ;:th (M ..TractitilS^tti|iborafiib1 (}) ; tetrolt; Chryilor Boglnwrlo* - - - ; i- - ->>. m4 * ..r*xtiw Tract tratlirif ilAo, belo* biA, % soothe. " ' V` / f.'fW lUnlti to Aiti OooflraoA prrrlexu Ait* irtth roipict to (a) thi - ffiottviMii of olerocrackiA ebroodui plit* cootaloli* it lint 750 oneti/ . Inch for proUcllne tlo An cutlnf froa oorroiloo and <b) tbi failwra'm of cracVfr** chrcaiua to wUhitanA aobili coodltlom of xpoiurl.%A Alitlnct iffiet k ii obm-wA for thi 30-noood oathodlibmtMnt'io todlwi ' Alchrtaati lolatica for lnhlbltlm plttln* la a eca^oilU of Auplix alckil and 0.01 all of low-tiapiritura chroalua aod for raAiwlnc aula .' oa a coapoalt* of brl*ht alckil and Ktoroerackad ohroadwa. >,' : , ,, ~'rs<' -T6- * > > - 1 A rury of tli caatloga on i960 mMIi abovad weh b*ttar durability for porta platad vlth eoy on* of thrao ccapoalt**. by 1 parl*on vlth part* platad vlth tha outaodad coavoolte of coppar bright nlckal, ut eoortntloaal (0.01 *11) chrcalta. tba thraa core protective caqpoaltea vara aa follows . (a) Coppar. bright nlckal. aad dual. aleroerackad chraalaa (0.00- ' all. or aora) ~ v. (l) Copper duplet alckal. and coevantlonal (0.01 all) ehrealaa - (c) Copper. Apia alckal, and crackfrac chroadw (0.0B all. or Ccepoalte (a) appeared to bo tha aoat affactlva of tha plating ajitaaa Cleaning and conditioning traataacta for preparing tine die oaatlnga for painting vara aalactad aftar chocking thalr Influence co the electrode potential of tha chronlaa., Tha aalactlon ladndaa activating aad jaaalvatlag traataacta.. * A-.la- ut e-tt&bi'b'if'*'*.:' t . rf it 'K / ::^mmwr&01 At W> g-H tine Anodg Inatallatlon for Haring Tmfcara. Oooporatlwa Procrwa . W. :*^ cbMmtloea art ecotlaulot oo tha affactlraoa** of aloe anodoa for tba prowtioo of eorio tack* rim la baUaat with aaa aatar.Iba > rgrulta obow tbit a veil doalfnad lutollatloa of aloe aaodoa prorldoa - v lom ton ocoocodeal protactloo to aarlaa tookora ocolMt oorroaloa u( tha aaa of aloe taodaa la i&eraaslB|. . A technical papar aatltlad, *Ib parfananoa of tloc Aaodoa la tha Cathodic Protactloo of a Caro Took of a 16,000 Too fkakar*. hr A. A. Cook of tba Expanded Btaaarch Prop-aa and B. C. tattla of Amm Barrlcaa. Ine., baa bogs pragontad at a aaatlec of Ibo Batlooal Aoaoclatloa of Corroaloa Engld mra. Anoda and rtfuttM call locatlooaara clroo oat iropha art obovn of rocordcd potantlal wa. tlaa fonetlooa.lfcopapar will ba pubUahod la tha Bowadbor 19u8 torn Of MSBIAL JW9Cn<*. b. - g-gQ - Bnrfaea Ooraetarlrtlca of tine la Aoaaoot Madla.^Caao * `v-, : > laotliato of Technology, Naaars. D.W. Gaabao, H. Jraaa. 1 '; `v'.T. Btalner, Sr. B. C. Vaaot. , . ;v>'4! . 'Dm Israotlgatlaoa coooarngd vlth tha earn aloe potential la dllsto, aoaoooa ayataaa tan > .. thaala doacrlblag tha work baa baao racalrad. > tba ^ ^I^praparad bp Mr. Sarld M.Gaabanln partial XttlflllaoBtj * f atota for bla Doctorate Degra* and la abatroetad*"*'*- IP' Inraatlgstioo of:tha alactrcda.babarlor,-aof,|ina.*l Ojatcoa waa andartaken with tba objactlwoof'** aa xaaalpg thapbaocoanoocfinnnhl nant .' la -tha light of olactrochealcal corroolooj iaalcalflcaatlyAfncUnc }tha| .oa.^p8j^NiodacUvll fg|f| i cbaanatloo of ccoalderabla annohlamt ' mm aaloclatad; 1with aolatleoa of ralatlrol/ lovondactlVltrarltblladl ttthaeethodlc reaction woe predominantly that of oxygon reduction.. .tbai-dlotilbuttoo of tba pitting attach of areh aoTlrcnanta lollr ' '' 1 of lana cathodle aTwaa with rwlatlTaly mil aaodlcf* tucb iclrnaMtancaai* iand with low condoctlof aolatlooa.^tha a 4P- `and cathodaipolorlialloo'cwnraala ootottol > n of an Eroni* dlagraa, tha oramll potaotlal ' a oxycan pratMra), baocoac tba factor cootrolUi^ lacraaaa'-, ^eorroaloo rata. - ... v Zndlcatloo of a ablft of tha eeatroUlai eathodla raactloa froa kydrofao loo dlacharf# to that of oxnoa raduetloo waa ftvaa bp tha !V/ .ohMrvatloa of a aoxioua la actltro potoatlal oftwr oxTtwn waa lutrodnoad i.V -* loto tha aolotloa, ThaM wara ct>aarv*4 to aolwtloea of pB al.*41Ui*',i-.: appaaranea of aucb aaalaa w m axplolaad. oa tba not af/oct of tha daralop* oat of a bo w eathodla raactloa and tha alaultaaooua doorooM of tha k prrrloo* oothodlo raaetloo. 8ucb aailaa vara aot obaarrad la oolotloM of a i* graator than J, ladleatlnt that tba attack of Blld aelda <s * - _ys O ***<* *''** ' -Hi- a. m- ^ l- ir-7 V'fr; <"-'' ' par* lao~t*'ia*ufflcl*nt to affect wall potential until oxjyanlt Introduced,' vb*r*vpoa eopa ntettoa 1--itutaty control* tb* eatbodlo reaction. . ..'ij. - lb* *ff*ct of ttnr*tur* 1* tb* *y*taM rtudi** *** *uch mo t * rubtl* than tb* *ff*ct* of pH and oxys*n pr***ur*. tine 1* ccnaouly . coo*ld*r*d to *xblMt potential* cathodic to *t**l only abort 6oAcia wntd *olutloo*. StBOblenant* **r* db**nr*d wall Into tb* rang* of teal potential u low a* 85c. lb* aacnltud* of *ocb timoWiiti *r* net cr**tly different frca tbo** at hljbrr t*p*r*tur*a, end vtn prlaartly a flactlM of cayyto iman la *olstlon* of a (In* ccodactlrlty ad pfl. ft . H* *ff*et of eorroaloo flla* op to l/8 Inch thick (anrlaa Obtained In tbl* r*M*reb) aa found to cootrlbut* only a --1.3 aaadnt to tba omall potential In all of tb* *yatM atudled. foaalbla l*ctrod* proc***** by *alcooductloo tbrougb tb* cine odd* flla ar* considered lSvl unlikely contributor* to tb* Orwell corrotloo reaction, and cca**fu*ntly '"m bar* llttl* *ff*ct oo tb* potential. Apparently tb* porou* catur* of tb* flla* a* *ocb that Inhibition of reaction* at aaod* or catbod* area* did not occur. ' - -r. ./** ' ... ,.;4, 1* -X ^ * *&*>* ipspjts;# *'-"''^V- ?J'-jrV"^**' : iSt^lSSS'li.........nasi rs; /." - "- - _ i. , : . V'-V.t Vv'^1 8. Xe ywwrloa i?itw, tanoM--nt of line Into th* rut* of ateel potential, occur* mg *t tba low taaperature* etodlad (S5C,kCAc), tM ooo**qu*otly reterael cu b* encountered below (PZ,: lotblat `fit" dfleant with regard to aagnltode of naobloMut vu ob**rred *t 6CAC, * tuperatore prcadototly motioned la tb* literature m tb* t--tintiin Ct which doc will beccw cathodic to *t**X. 9. Xnr**tlitloo of doa electrode behavior la aolotlon* of ' relatively low oodaetlvlty mlat u lout (a* ccoteidat accurately known trac* aaouate of 0x71*0, together with highly refined boundary coodltloe*, debt *t*bll*h aor* clearly tb* rwlatloo between anw , concentration and tuperature 00 tb* polarlmtloo propertl** of MmUn dm. *v....... 10. Tb* laflMoc* of tb* orroaloo fUa* co doe electrode potential, *w*o though tb*y *r* known amiooedactor*. 1* Indgnlflmat tcuni to *>"**** ' - * *.'*.;* :a* bu b*u terdmted end will m Xooc*r b* ttrlwil la Wuw B**arcb MiwU. , t.-Sv . '7 T ' 5'` O-g Borfac* Ctamcterlrtlc* of fine. hrltlab *oo-rvrrcu# r ... *, a- Buurek Aaaoclatloo. kr. k. v. Lo o m, Hr. K. 1. I* SbortflV . '^Tb*cwc*t-0**crib*a la tbl* report fWm put of u tarrnt _ K tti* flfnifl*tr rtf tlrt t *Ti nf-rnlflatlno nf rim nn tli* tifanlilrp*1 ' ^ tb* artel, cryrtalloer*pfcic orlantatloo of th* *urf*c ad 1 7>oth In thanddlaieg etao*ptre and la tb* attal. Une apeciati ` oddl**d j*t;tup*return* between rcoa tauperetur* *Mtb* aalti (orteUbtly!*how*) *aI tb* nature of tb* odd* flla formed `............................................. tor* and of conanrclalipurlty, Idler coodltlooa. Thl* report d*acrlb*s * c<*i xp*rla*nU with *p*cla*na of ccmerdal purity and **rl*e exprl*aUyiUi p*cla*o* of* co*goltloo Idler to tlt * v^'/^tB'tbb'lbStufp^rm'^'^wadMd cutlet*. ^ Purtber ucmdaetloo' oodda fUa* by alectrt* dcroacopy ha* alao b**o carried out aad . ; ' orldul pparatna baa b**n a>Ufl*d to faclUtat* tb* u* of eddi tao*pb*r** octaldot eootearibl# lapurltla*. -n-nr_,. ^. y * '- . J.ij?^5Sb*-protr***:!f;9da*tloo of flat dDe *p*ela*o* b** b**a . '5".y^;.<'^'bjr coot!anew.'o**wint of wltbt laer**** ,terlnt oaldttloo ml typ*;plcr6*balai>e*:fltt*d vltb u antomtlo '..*blb p*rdta cootlouou* r*oordlnc* of w*l(ht lncr*aa* to b* p*rlod of 100 bur*/ After oxidation tb* rurfac* file* fOrmd 00 tb* *p*cla*M v*r* rxdn*d by *l*ctron diffraction. Prowlou report* bev* b#*a coocumd vltb th* odtotloo of pur* *ln*l* cryrtala of dlff*r*ot<^ ami aslal 4 M* 4 m t.,M --------------A vW) *La O . - a *m(U - ^ a__________ .fiili.'jir* ' I. *; ,vi SWT tb* raeolt* trca tba per* polperjretal* lay vithin tb* rti(i prerloetlp aooouetared for par* atngl* crpetala, and alactroo diffraction ihomi tba oxide to be la tba for* of fin# gralaad polycrjwtala. Parallal Uh i( tenlnatliy at grain boundarlaa, vara ebaarrad oo adcroaoople axaadoatloo of caddl*d lytciMM. It w m dedocad that tbe** voro tllp 11m* 4m to itrtiHi canted bjr anlaotrople expanilon and oootr*ctloe oo heatlM and cooling. 8Ud.lv aarkiag* wn cbaerred oo o apeclaes b*at*4 to J&Pc Is a argoa filled eepeule and air coolad. Zxperlaaeta with hi* Vootoro tine prodoood atralgbt Una* o o plots of log weight lacraaaaa t o . log tlaa. VItb reference to tb* w ktn relatloo >t yxPc, k it ellghtl? eaaller ood n epprexiaateljr eqoal to tbe eorraapoodlng rolnoo for pure polymetal* j t 390C, k It Mlltr ood B 1* Ivgor. Only tine eaido boa bt*o dotoetod bp alactroo diffraction of tba eurfee* flla. further oxidation axperlaont* voro corrlod oot ia tbi* report period itb o Priaa Vetters tperlnan at 59CflC Bad itb opeelatM of galranlied eootiag cenpoelUoa at yxfi aad 350C. tba Priaa Vartara opaoiaaa cocflrwad that at 39<rC, tba axldatleo rota for aloe of tbit purity it aubatantlally , tba aaa* aa that for pure aloe polycnratala. tba geleenlied coatleg a>. ' poaltioa stowed a low oxidation rata than par* alas at yxP aad J9CftJ. v ' Cedde flla* fornad oo two of tb* single oryatalacf per* aloe bar* "** *' ' - ;; beta eTaalned botb by abadowwd carboc/platlnew replleatloo aad bp (tripping tb* odd* fMrtto Watal byaaresry aaalgaaatloa. *Selected area dlffractloo La tnnanlaaloo baa alao bias carried out oo tba stripped oalda fllaa. .fei - ri ................... ;r :> * (elected arts dlffractloo axaadnatloe of tba oodda flla aa atrlppad ; 1 frea tb# watal, produced a rlog pattera sbnrlogao preferTed orientation. v-.y Stba ring* ear# ferwad froa'dlaerate epote.When prerionalyoxealnad by > dig locldeoca alactroo diffractloctbe------- -- - ' tba apparatus baa oo* boon aodlflad to that lapurltla* aneb aa water Taper and carton dioxide can ba added to tha oxldltlog atwoapbar*. tbla 1 aodlflcatloo entailtd lnaertloo of a large tep between tbe belaace rtnafir and tbe cold trap which ie aurroeaded by Uteid taygeo. ,s _ ' future work will ioeloda a atadp of. tb* effect of water eapor aad' carboo dioxide addition* to tb* eaddlrlng ataoejbar* on tb* oxldatloa rata : .`='"'3 ffca Invertigatlooa are elaed at three aeln Objectives! 1. the devel^aent of sfttlafaetcry prising paints for the onto* aobUe Industry, with special attention to good adhesion end flexibility, ccegotlbllity with overlying point nywteee u4 applicability to standard welding procedures. C. fl>e laprovaiaut of paint* for prising and Maintenance of . structural and other typo* of eteelvorfc. ^ ,\ ^ 3. the dsvelopaect of cine teat palsta for tba Marine field. JVtlJjdnary acraaolug work oo a tuafeer of paint Madia ploeotad with doe du*t which va* raadlly avallabia (Dalsvllle teperfiot) waa eboea that, with alkyd aadla, storage stability waa affactad by acid valuei high odd value giving garloot thickening. Oerroolao raalatanca appeared to be governed by the Pigssnt Toluse Coocentratioo (f.T.C) of the tioo dart. Vltb cblcrineted rubber the level of pleettcleor wee an laporteot factor. ' the testa to evaluate the eerlte of werleue enralleble typee of paint aadla la doe durt paleta are now well advanced. A etaaderd fine elaed ( . dae dart baa been Incorporated Into tbeae aadla by high apaad etlrrlog I r,and paint, filne beve been applied to burolahed ateal ebset(fOr corToeloavtest*) sad to tinned abeet (for adbeeloa testa). by eplanlng. jv-v -fbla technlgua glvsa unlfora fllaa. y- `-t. ` jfc v*-. - s ~ M, A*t Storage teats ere laccaplete.. Corroeloo la being esteeafd scans of .a <alt drqplat tert which It tboving larga n dlffaraot claeess of aadla. Xpoxy Xatare/tM:* i ifli^li^al^od ipositiooe based oo atyraoe-butadiaoa and chlorinated rubbers ,*>,VJIhe following conclusions aay be drawn froa the first?___ r/rt -w * ** ' i .` ''JwijfV* 1. the first seven etovlng prlaara erreagad In ordar of corrosion; : -resistance aay be deaaed me "Very good" end tbe next twelve; -as acceptable. .................................- ,,...................................... tests ao'fkr Indicate that Ijxay Peters, es a claser greatestprcalae. ; - -vv-.. -? - v nrr >"4` a tutor of oleoresiMos oaapoaltlooa based .1 ___ later and Reduced Pbeoollc resin with llnaaad/cblne wood Oil, and a vinyl toluenated alkyd, also fell within tha "very good* classification. ' stowing prlaara are baaad on phenolic resin Modified ileseed/M*f china wood oil alkyd type#, and 100% phanolle resin aodiWed/Jlp' wood oil vardeb. 5 Pl*snt Toluss Oooeentration baa an lsportant bearing on corrosion raalataaca, txit it 1 probabl* that tbs Picasnt Toluas firing nptlMtts corrosion resistance la highly dependant on tba type of nedlus esployed. Oeoerally, Mfxietit Voliaa Concentration# of 58# and give tbs aost satisfactory perfotwence N far. Madia which dry by evaporation (styraas butadiene end chlorloatod rubber) wary considerably la perforataoe * depending oo tba muni of plasticiser praaant. Both Pllollts 65 and chlorloatod rubber provide satisfactory corrosion resistance and flexibility at hlch Plgweot Toltas Concentration*. ... further oralostloo of ecamrclally avallabia Media la dac test priasrs baa continued with tba tastlac of matter of Modified epos? astars, two pot eplkotes, two pot polyuretheaea and Modified wptbote raslas. ; ..... , .. .. , .... ,:*?** > sSKtipsI Rwaellc. vinyl tolueneted, and polyastor Modified epoxy astars h*vw*S|l!l|;. all shown considerable prande* with tba first typa of Modiflcatlonglring the tetter result*. Tbs two pot epoxy resins (Iplkote 1001 and Splkota w 8e8 with Varsaeld 115) taod to be rather,brittle hour* aftw^u .; application, bat thelroorroelon resistance Is high. Tbe two pot poly- uretbana aodla (Desaophen 1100 and Dsgaodur L) show batter flexibility then do tba opikotoa, whilst their oorrooloo raalataaca is wagereble to thasu . ,, M* v .: Cue to the dlfflculty la detervdnlnf tbe density of bothtsits.of cured reelna. tbeee c. veolta* asln The flexibility rbstaralastrontly affected by the level of plsBactatlce.ffitily two reslns fSscc^soaa 4124QMGN . vinyl tolueneted epoxy resin) sad Beydolec C95V (e lone oUuasodlflad . epoxy ester) cave paints which pasted tba 3/l6* ls^act iodectstlon test, and these were palate forwulatad at low f.T.C's. . iv.. > t ' ,* Of. ' Mi < ' . Ou--rising the work parforwad durlec the aacood portion of .this report period, the following flndlngshetveheefi established* - J ivix... . 1. 1. tba sod1 fled epoxyeetere bava*axcaUant corrosion raststeaca when need sa Mndsrefor clpo^Sus^'jpaihta ^lthrTbaat parforsaoca baloc * Clean by those Modified ylth'vl^yl.toluosr:aaxl.pbaaollc additives, 9. Tbs flsxlblllty and adhaslon of the Modified epoxy astars falls off 0 with Ineraeainc psMeot vulvas concentration, end above 58# May be questionable except for paints containing-the vinyl toluaaatad . , aster. 1 4/***^' ,, > i *` '>4. $ 4 # . T*. ; 3. The Modified eplkote resins are obviously uneultsblein tbelrpreeeot fora due to brlttleoeee. but their corrosloo.rsslstanes Is oxcallaot. 'R. S'. ' : I -3- fc. Two pot apeay roalaa ara doftelent la flwlMllty aad adbooioo vltbla tbo ooutrallsotloo rattoo cxaadoodj tbolr corrooloo roelataocnla high. 5. Tbo polyoratbaao/laoeyaaato nilM potaoot good fUrtbttlty wbon wood t 895 v/v-of iloo duet In tha dry flln, and at 6o croot linking. Tbolr corrooloo roilitoaca It wary good, particularly at 899 and 9$ w/w tine la tba Ary film, tot tbolr raatataaoa to Ugact to poor. 6. 80th Bontoco )8 and gyatbawax abo mm offoct at aeapeedlng ageata at tbo 0.89 w/v lowol on tbo das duot, tat acre tint will bo aaodad to Ootomlao tbolr Tool efficiency. ,. T. IX-38 - An loirootlgotlon of gloctroeboodeal yinleboo *or tine, febe CoeeoUdateA kluio* and Baalting Colony of Canada ltd., , Mr. J. I. Wellington, Mr. IU C. Boll. Sr. M. M, Vrlgbt } > Work la flootltnlag 00 l^rrmraoanto of altoraato anodic flclaboo for tlae. Tbo a^baala la plaeod 00 tbo atudy of proportloa of aaodited fUaa afalch bare boon aacceaefully foraed oo doc frca aloctrolytoa eootalalBg addltloaa of taoadata, aolybdato or taagatato ao a aaooad , " V'" .1 Tbo ccoMorelalltatloo of tbo OCMDCO proeoaa for.aaodldag aloe -> Mtal la proceeding oetlafactorlly. Contact baa taoa eetebUebed with v , appliance eanufacturera and with aogaoau of tba antcaoWU.ladoetry '" to oraloato tbaao eoatlaga la aeweral aalqoa appllcatlcao.; :: ' i. 'y*.; Tbo procooo producoa a grey-green coatlng ableb'la ' eorroaloa raolrtaot, and whlcb can bo appUedoa'j dlo oeetlnge and galranlaed atcol. The oevanodla , boar pogtral .oloctrolyto^of. iOMinnl; Tbo throwing power of tbo aloctrolyto la exceliont,-aad aooatlmouo^: coating la poaalblo rroo In deeply rocoaaod carltloa. Betlefactory. eoatlaga approxlaafly 1 all tblek can bo prodaead by olng oltbor ?' direct or 60 cycle alternating currant, aad tba eoatlaga fora a excellent paint baao. . r> - A aaooal proaoatltig dotallad 1netroot1oca for operating tba aaodltlig j: proeoaa la now available and reqoeata for llcoaaa agrooatnta to oporato aador cur patent# aro bolng cooaldarod. Bailee for toot pvrpoaaa can ta3pfS eupplled to potootlal aaora. A -ssn , ' 8. V; 0-5? - Calvan!aad gtaol PolnforcoMoat BodafOr : Oblvortlty of California, iTofeaaora 7 Braalar aad I. Cornet c J`* >'' Tbla progroa la coecoraad with aa Investigation of tba offoct of ,^ galvanised eoatlago 00 bood atroogtb and corrooloo porfomaaco of ataal rolnforcoaoat la coovootlocal eoocrota and la praatraaaad oooeroto .,,,y, atrueturoa, - . ^ -OK- & 1& Boring the flrat yeer of work oo thla progiaa tao proM-- wot* laraatignteds . r../ -fs X. lbe erfact of galranlilog oo bool atreegtfc of ateel r1 nforoanent lo concrete. C. fix affect of galvanising oo oerroelon of etool roloforeoooot la ooocrato. Tor the flrrt of there problana, o standard tool tart procedars of tba Jkaarlcan Concrete Iaatltota woe edopted. Beane 78 * 18 a 8 Inches were prepared and tested. the concrete wae nnde with Type X caoent and . bad a coprestlve strength of about k.8 kpal. Block aad galvanised rtaaX raltifrnra--nt ware need la the; a baaaa, with both plain aad daforaad r.vy bora. Basalts lodlcatad that there la no significant,dlffereoce ,1a , > ;'?#shood strength between black and galvanised daforaad hsrs.'^tbr-bood-'on' ' ' galvanised plain bora appaara to ba slightly battar tbaa that of block plain bora, tha bond of plola bara to coocrata depends greatly on ' --a surface roughneae, aad tha sail difference la bood obaaraad between . galvanltad plain boro and black plain bora an? be dae to a*"*"-: v ....-'BSTerthe eaccod prOblaau.febei-effeetiof g. ... v entral ralnfwcaaaot In coocrata. oo eatobllabed procedure Exploratory taata ware aade with a four-inch disaster, ^ .through which oatreinforcing bar rune.-'-Jlgaln.the re! 1 f/lplala and daforaad bara, black and galvmalaad.^BaBB^'lltriHnlligcbaa %^nttacbad^to the^relnforclng jbnr:iinadjttai!-bar4lioa1|"-'***^i* ------ ' r, cylinder,wee cart uo! tba tar end then cured, I ealt ` i^nad" ra'io aalt ' ., "$, i;JJ?j,i|lrallalBary results showed that black-steeiltr:~ a cr*cklDd ofrthe/*cecrete|<yUndera*X ------ ? - \ !Tl(aalt water plus lapoead noodle current) thaa&4 galvanised, ' ^telaforcaaant,, for both plain aad daforaad fear.-there 'war*. , ^<a.jt^y>febat.<ot felgherlosda.the bool la galveni*e4her'eysteaarNyhi| , appreciably battar -than la black fear ayat we, than an .aggrosaltaj Lilt made 'aad 00 afeatracta < >tthla project/were copulated.- ,..... ...... Ibture work will Involve ^further develofaaotand eflaaw>Bt' Of tba < of tha bibliography ecaptled. .BtudleswlU ba strength relnforcaaect, vt*Te crock frequency nod widthsnod cotToelca perromance, ara Increasingly laportaot. - , .' .-s ^Ls w w w w bh tba ralatlooablp of crack frequency aad crack width versus,; coocrata quality will bo exealned. Coocrata pemobility and' of cover will bo oooaldarad. tba aachenlm by which galvualtln tha bood of ateel to ooocrrta In n corrosive wlmawtadU taj " ^ tba affect of galaanltl* of preatraaaad wlrea In i will alao ba explored. 8J* _ w $ > * L. 1AUKS; .'.!*> i-'i Vf- ' - <.. '.. J"L'vo, , 01 5? `V , > ' , 9. 0-66- tine Shot KUatlL _ tainting Council, kr. J. B. Ihla ftupm boa only raoaotly bnao initiated ond It eoocatnad with tbo Inraitlgatloe of a pncMi lnrolTlng tbo ao of tlna for tifilMtlr* Moot claaclpg of ntnictwol Hot. , .. *> -1 It 1 crwm practleo bo naovo Kill mli and nit from taol prior to tbo application of m protoetln point eoot. Bcwrror, Dm frankly elaaoad aurfaca oftor Mod bloating la axcaadlagly ostlva and ruata rwrr -\v-. ^'V^vS^C?' Av f -'>vj$s* '>'<*. * 75sCv'W,'>'.;- r */.;'fl " `. - *uo '^r'- MMBMltD OFStAXXK FMCBCRS xxnuno taakua rteoNM Onflow *la laatltuta, Zm. - load Xaduatrlaa A>woUU<Bt SM.jKw-. ' '^ V;.-...,. : _ :,:/ '? ' , - V-r"' .- 1* gnmc-frar .; - - > ' . ` *'v, *-e & ~'y ' v . ti&iitC, ,*K*? ."j JV , ' -1 \!V . ' ' ,: "--~ if; tha fepaadad baaaarob Profrao (BO*) aa aatahliabad la 1958 hf tfc* Aoarlaao tnc iMtltuta (MX) d load Xoduatrlaa JUaodatloo (IXA) with tha aetira eeofmtloB of load and also prodosara la ethar ocuotrlaa -- *-<r -vJBoaofejaetlroa of tha nr art .to daralop, lctamatlnnaTlj, aaa aaaa of ` V'fejjtjf ^laatlndklM'bod to Mpport with tadnleal tafamatloo tba affOrta of tba dXt,';<p'; Ud and alallar orpoiaatieoa la otbar acnttrlaa la jantloi i 4-c"1" S;:axUttafuaaa ot tha two aatala.. otbar'aatartalaafcldt co^taTt^^" ,______w.,,_.___ ;i:^f;^ilbalr,lama'**adltraa to proaotatha aaU^-.4halp.pipeStoetajiBd'51a;|iadltla ;IJ5s' i,jSf^g^|apadd;mbataBtlal aoac on raaaarch. , Jo mat tbla oa^wtdUoaaeditojproTlda '' ''>: ;vfi;TM>aa'ft|rv^a^bl^'oat of raaaarch, tha aupport of tba ac ...aUad.oadMat^^ aooptraUra affort radneaa*tba?S ttoaacb-ppsiauoar,; ..^i* '*-.y*, joola tha. aytlaw and lnftamtico of tha tadoati7#^wd| ithaacklwf %t-i ^---- -* --lta-------- - * - - aajr ba cmanaMDt eootroUad,. : ^raaaarcbfiatoratortaa of aatira of tha ladaatnr.'^, DtlaiaimMiareh^cojaeta .'aaa-omrd'thaa ta*btebavrS >ai`^nlaoUjr 'aad aonocalrall/, abarrrar loeatad 'and -hoaaaar tlaead.^l -V-V;-.'j .___ ....'.tbaoati 1-1 :fV.' ,^i'5of'Wflaad laaa>d alab alM, or of aloe caoda, ba^rato%ba total; -#aeb>**odt; ocotrlbotlac to tba JV. ^ziaa .oatUa:Sa:aaaaaa^ *t.. I .;< : n^4;$rh<?^3 Altar tba aamal raaaarch W|rt la approrad, tba rata of ooatrltwtlca for tbaaaw tMdcat la aatabUabad on tba fOUovlac baala. tta dollar mcaai-of^tba > , . tadfat la dltrldad tjr tba total twObar of too* produead la tba praeadl^ 7*ar %p - - I *U atvportlac ecapaolaa. tbla datatmloa* a rata par too. tba ataffo of tba ': $ AS aod LZA alloeata tbla rata to aaoh tvvportar'a lodlrldual produetlco flaaraa, tblcb art bapt aaofldaatlal. ^ JV 7,S* ".*# ^- >1 N 343.02 .-.^V-^i^^KtrV^* &,'"C'k- '/ '-. *I *> annual bd**t la mv orar |X llHco. for flOOO poiada to --eh awlrr 1*1 tba rat* par tea of w* , *rf tor tead \.+x aM for aloa --* < H* iSf tor slue centalpad la alno orM* produced " - frco ottor th* oateUlo sloe. . ;,.' '' CBtoucmtm , PP voita clo--ly vitb all d*ralrt--it and pranotlccal orort*etloae la 1 " - **-- --rid ana prorldae tton vlth technical lnfbgaatlce of benefit to their ,, aftorU. A llat of aoch oipanltatleoa la atom la taaitli A. ^4boa BIT l*i r x ~ .latamatleoal la ecope, end lu technical lnfornaticc la dlaamlnatad a* vldal/j iFMPrflU.... iji ' -- Poaethte to the benefit of tto abate, lataatap* *p*fcr|^C - .. * r - ^ ^ <. v V`*vn%*` * tba Blraetor of liirnta la raeponelbte for oanattoant aid adalnlJtT*Uei?l tUmLjot tn, aetlsc na coalman of tto^cacutlTa Ooadttw(1b* ! r.XU/'onelfartter rapraeaotatlva of either AZZ or UA,--d v|... . - L~T7 ""r"r?- * * a .*- *4. - .., t ^Pbr-eaeb oetalttora la IWtoleal Stearin. Oeoaltta* o Derelnp--it Comltfe. lha Director of Saaaarch .aod aach ' SCoaa^J^*ltelttm,aateaadtte--.aoUO*<li:i|l*Ullw*lal/<bli|Mi| eal, ttioM rwpcoalblHUaa ara (a) artal-aa * . troctural-aatarlal, (*>) pi paiti,4iradMt^tpdc m& laof*ael*l tooleate, d (e) .alaetropUtlo*, aeemateton#<^bml^ar*faetlilB pitt - --rroaloo acd aeoda* for oattodl* protaaUeo.^b* SabMtxj tmloimmA i --jr appoint aotoomlttaaa *a raqpirad te tba promote tsdar ocoalteratloa.^ laeb oeotrltotlaf ampaiqr la aetlttel to to rapraaital o aaab of tba1 oaaltt*** (*xapt tto txaeatlra) t ooa paraoo. tba eo^aola* wa aapaeta* loj I j ,, nrolnat* tactoloHy qualiflad paraoeo*! far tto taeboleal aamlttaw aoS aa / ,> aaaeatlraa for tha Iiduattp tovaloiawt Oomlttaaa. * ; ^ **/*- a- ' *\ _ -. .,,.-. ./.' .- " * * --Xs'v ' :' 5 -,,. ?*<-- ^ Ito (Wabolaal 0t*arlac Onaaltt*a ara raapcoalbte far ovar-all toabalaal ?5%, -- - - *? - VfS* faaalMUtp ant mrlaa of tti MMid yrngrtaa aol far nnwancillitloo of laaaaito| polialaa. Ra**areb Ifaaa aol projaeu ortfUat* prloarUy la ttoaa eoaaitt***; aod ttolr aatooartttaaa. lif Skt^j ... :.?J&Ss$ ; * - V.- 'i&-5 '- i!*:- C5& * ; ' ^ l^5|ir~ .iS. W - : ...... Cif ZoOutZ7 r*rloji*Et Comltt*** xarclM tba eoMtrolftl aod flaaoolal Jadfaaaot of tb* aiqyortJJ* ecatpaela*. Aaa* Cc--Ittaa* yulda iNWit policy - ? aod rarla* 12m awamrlal daalrabtUty mot aala* pot*otlal of ptejaot*. Xbagr oAa Mibt atodiaa be retrod, j*l*y a rltal part la tba ylanrtnc aod rTTyi'Wlr* of raaaarcb aod oark*! daralopowt, aaaor* aloa* ooordiaaUoe bo* toowi raaaarcb 1 prcaotloo, *pd mj pntmt tiaatrah Uwi. Aay oooal&ar tba orar-all coot of tba pnojaetad ywn-- to tba lodoatiy and %vror* tba raaaarcb !. Wfiti. .. V . fmu'efc rrogrn ! bodaat* appiorad by tba tacbalcal Btaarlat Ccalttwi vt r-,, & , >, ^ aod tba Indnatry Saralosaaot OcadttoM art iwtad by tba Blractor of ftaaaarch 5& 1 u* to tba bull of Uraetora of AS aodtOU >tba tba** *>aria acteo BP *a*W|f* i, tba Mribar* of ttw AP Scacvtla* Dewitt*# rwo otbar eountria* harafCU 1 ri>t* vitb tba 0, 8, Director*. B>la proeadur* la aatabllabad ta III and la f<ff|| '"ODdar eaoaldantlCB by HI* Iba tap Board* ato tba final mlaa aod daolaleo] , .f,;': oo aocbprojaet aod dataadaa tba total mat of aaeb yaar'a Mpt. ' -i " ii;Xxp*rf*a baa abend that tba Board* umally adopt .tba ; v--> ^ tgrtb* Tacbnleal Staarlaf Oeaalttaaa aod lb* Zndoalrr 1 1"tO f*' - >J . < i*- 3.Wacocrtnwnoi .... -#V.; it"V 1' ' <'**' (a) Bcwtw of Deacarch yaeimtaa mm ` '* jmlvaralUaa.aed lodattrlal raarch lbboratorlaa.; * t tofFrsajtJP*"Jr P--h & uAa All amlUbl* Korea* fr MtMa aod oUboot tba'-: tba faopoaad idaaa ar* aarafall^ aeraaaad for tbalr tacbaledi^ ; - -^ej Idaaa 7i*`- y y?: : 'Me* * year, a**b of tba tacbaleal adcoadtUM Wi SaW^rMoiiaM to dlaeua* Id*** caoaratad by tbaa aod by otbai-*. Xaeb idea da jmttoaUyj ayyralaod. If aoeapiad, It 1* u iIimI to ooa aartur of tba ooattttaaa^or l ataff wtio la Uiae ebarttd ltb Uia raa^aaltdllly of datoloylac a tieib atat Ala .ataUamt contain* tba lofomatloo frea wbleb a raaaarcb yio^al eaa b*'i fetiV rg^.' faraulatad (l.o. a dlaeuaalca of tba prcblaa, tba aeoya of Uta daalrad 1 lies, and tba acoooals IneaoUr*). A* Slraetor of Jtaaaanb Aamftar ; lovaatlaaiaa Aar* tba verb ml^t b* beat parfowwd aod obtain* ecotraet; yreyoaala. .................... & . ... .............. V.fe 5<': W*- , ^ V fe?P?S.~fe5rS% . tt. iff ^ -*tr >* ' * 1 y - **' 5^* <e#, fs^Kyss>x t* la the fall of each joor tba technical aWbooatltteee ooot (oauallp la lew Tort), min tba wort ttatanente sd tba reeearcb proposal*,end acme ca a roncawvlatloo for each project aod 1U tnl(tt for tba follovlnc calendar Tar. thereafter, tba completed tudjiti of the aWboanitteee oro etibalttad to tba Technical Stearins Ccartttnaa. final ranraannflatlona of tbaaa CcanlUeee ora protected ty too Dlroetor of Bcceonh to the Industry Derelopnant Ccmltteee tba paae oo tba nartatlnc and financial napeeta of aacb rtaearch wort rtata--it. or fSr* tba Ittotiy twriopart Coaolttaaa nafca tbalr mu--diHoia to tba ' - ^ Diractor of Baaaarch bo praeanta tba alao projacta to tbo Board of Uraetora of lAZZ 101 ** t**4 projaeta to tba Board of Mmctort of UUU iba aattinea of tbaaa Boarda ara aaalatad bp tba rapraaontatlvaa of tba ccntrlbtttore la otbar coutrleo aod bp tba Dlroetor of Baaaarch. Ota daelalooa of tbaaa Boatda aro final aod tba Dimeter of Baaaarch 1--adiatolp beglna to Ityrtaaant tbalr mrourdatlcna. Iba final actual bodeeta aptutnad br tbaaa Boarda osoelly Include a eoetInfancy fund to provide * raaarra for uohadeated raaaarcb which . *ty beoona wrtaot darlbf tba ccnlnf peer. .Sort argent pmcrana ara eubjected toj * ecreanln* aa tba fotsally bodxatad prcjfo. . i> t jgLS?*rigga '' ... . A' '......... JlW, V . . '1* !$(&& ,,. ........ .. Za caral,'oeBtraeta arawada for eoa pwar or laaa. for palatine cootraetoj :n tbleh additional wort la daalrabla, tba Dlrectorcf Baaaarch avazda Invaatlgatee and nagrtlatoa there.1 <i adriaabla. <$Bart oaa eoctractpropoeal,vfctn received, are referred' tqithia3 .. .technical outcoudttooo tboeeleet tba propoealt they prefer and lMt1rraHfiihd*| tlcee to tba Technical Stearins Conalttaaa. Iba Dimeter of Baaaeroh 'nrda^tba f ooetmet to tba raaaarcb facility tboee proposal vaa approved ly tbaaa Coadttaw> Iba Dlractor of Paaaaxth aod hla ataff arte frapwnt rialta to tba g, ^tractors toabort procreiatjtolaogrotbnt;tho wort la procaadlnf aadadlrad'^ 'V^aod'tO attwlata' tba 'baat affbrt'Of tba contractora. Tron tlaa to tlaa of tba tacbnlcal adboaonlttaaaiieecapargr tba Dlmotor of Baaaarcb co vaah 4lalta| aod oootractora ara lorltad to dlaeoaa tbalr wort at iahaflnlad waattrya . . -,Vi . . inpeiw -'y-1; ^ () fetal ^ \ , >r^"r Ooplaa of tba final budget and adaBoaal flnanalal atatanaeta ara i to all ecntrlbutlac i r'4i f 4} 0>) 2ttS& 'IS' laab eaetroetor octalt* to th* Director of Bxrct quarterly profrooe ' MforU eblcb or* distributed to eeeh contributor to tbe KT. A etenorjr report . lo l*Uor1/ distributed each year. 9>* dawioftnt *od trod* eeeoeletlCM mb m thoo* liotod la Appoedlx a rooolvo tbe final report*, l.o. vbon i project boo be*a ccapl*t*d. 9t* Director of Beeeercb end-ernrielly Iu o m m ebetraet- w--iy of ell tb* research currently under nr. IhU 1* sect to tb* ; y; portlclpoot* nd to letereeted leboretorlee and derelopamt orprilieMrti* %> tbrou^wut tb* world. tfcee advisable, tb# Blroetor of Booi-rrh Mgr Mod bio erf*, the ecctreetore* report* to other letorootod cc^crfea or orpdMtlcM. :i\ ' - -*v-- T. PPSBCTWCTg Brmmm *. InfonoaMon developed by D? lo dirtrlbutad widely ood vltbout reotrlcttoo to the o o mmIm leduatrlo# ood to ocetnoton, orcbltaeto Mi d**l*n one oil over the world.Mach of the dlitrtbutlcD to dco* ^yth* dmloiwit ooooclotlooo vbo Mgr proper* Individual poptro to eait caaditiocaln thetr^ jgiugww-crj w u c t mm/m Btop i 'V^r.-f.lt . OmlojMBt of M ntub Mo m tjr Aetmtool ttOocoBlttoM mA^fttr Utt. , < V 1 ' Ptp t () Prtporttlea of oortt itrtooti tgr oftwrittw oortin aod nr ttaff, ^ > M fnpmttcD of ortoooloo ntorcb pwpeotlo ty wltl| rtnHew.'|^ v'' " ul . * ^ '\v' -i v ', T'j *\` Ww* itifiiti *oa coctroetor*1 trttntlcc yropoooli rrrlwd n bofltttoj ^ oubeaodttoot aod BP otoff..^.,,,. ^...... ^^ gto v& -r ""*** ,.^W - -s-"*** _ - - ******** tot M(rt profo*lf Otfalttttto tfc* fOdmlttlSttorl* OoadttOM 'A - *- - tor ttchaltal mrltw. ' ** -- i**--- -..... -> *- - r _* < : ,6H3a IsefiK's S- V % , 11two pwww igr--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- , >. ,Dlr*ctor of Bilitre* to XpftattxyXivilcyit Ocoritto** for rrriw of Mittraji ;.;.;.t.o...t...t..l.a..t..o. c...liX: " '' ' ' ' r .x. ^S>, Ett.S ^*hwnBnOTTMii-,TOKi'ww.?aTO'K-' fp ' """" -V* - V*^ s Xif-i rp-:-j : ... . ftriftta MBMWMiia tgr InSurtiy Ptrolcyit OoHdttoo preitta r Unto* ^of *Mreii to Bo*r& ofUrectort for flotl rrvltv idpproTl..-s. if , "li . &;'\ B*W T r!. 'v *A*girowt i talffti rJo ycotitodtofltrtctorof Bn in* ftrw,w_ tln.%,?* ' *' "'* < BtfP 8 fiii ( ) Olrwtor of IWoiwh MfaolU vort oftiito to potwttol oarlroctor* m <k - vux proforo propootlB for m* r****rcl). ' -v ............. " &-&. r V ? v. ,,'*v' *. T . .?:* > ' '" -< " ' ' . ; ;iM /*f (b) Btmtor of hNtnt avwri* oootroeU for opprorod oxtMloe pre|pr-- oe-^oU( Blndridarmp. -. */ >. " , , , -> ^Ss-\ ' - '{M; Wm iw>mi k - prtrmavnea to m o t *w w > twwaa near** or t k i /omen me nermra as p b a p EroonrttB ao o o c u t iqt Marloao Metal. Cllaax, Inc. him Bay Mining k Malting On. |tov Tea* City klttjlpng, Multotii Canada fcraws* . Wkf c-5 '- pB, -T? ^ |$&|;/' wm IhirteM Malting k Raflslng Oo* In York city I Aaarleaa tins Lead 1 Melting Co. International Matting k Maflnlag 09. Mm lock City MattMaeaes k Baeeler '>$ Mav Tork City i Maedoe Meek Onay. '.' Mm York City , Bpalter, Veet Va. ' v., ) - " '" '* 1 . Athlatle Mlslac A Malting CO. ' -v 1' ' T.".''V-. a.' ' Jittfilnrplcp Ndoftfli VtoolM^ ;ivtfi>.v- V. f/.M*vV?`?*.? -:i';y-;: $&? ' M3*-* Mith, Arkaoaaa ,4'$. Broken BUI Aeeoeleted Maltara Apartato Fcatal S$1 .. Matacaoroe CrteBte kiS '.-.fe, ; Mootarray, I.L., Kaxloo. - :g;f - - -. :-,v-?l Fioiiilgtirfi Ltd* Met*Ja2r.7_V . , , . `t** V^^:^-'>#SS,W ' V;nnntirinrb1n '' : `^V v.' .5*w" v~ ^Vc^SgSl ` Mao Ikaaeleco, Calif. Modeta Xtallana Mai M*bo B OaUo Clnoo -" :f;?W jV . - * l- Cairo Mlaa Oory. i Mm York City T 1 - ;* * * ' Ocafelaed Mvtala MedMtioe 09. iClty, CUb, *-. Aoatralla, local 'l ,*&s.s w T:>5*jpi * vV :* > City. Mexico ,^,-- ,, '- *Ybe CooeoUdnted NlalDg A Melting 09. cT Ca mAa Ltd* . ...v^v Canada . ' r Aereaytln9l Soirasfe^ltlJBlftK Con*' **tfr , Tbm Ccceolldated Zina Cory. . . id " - -wwfr ''p , ;t M. Joaayb Laad Coapasy 'TiV-k~rn bar Otapaay ^j^^^.iCUiOaa'allotti^Baaaral Maaagar IS^rfdoclnnatld Cblo *. .. TraMb JO^agOoay. Ltd. - * ' ' 1 j l ^x , n^v - - %*'*/*F*0*BoKt39^ dcwrtfc V#f% dfrtdd# ^ #^Mlatflytla tin# Oe. f AaatnlaaU, XM.H*-. J r'< AJoatrall* , O.S.Maltlag Mflalfg M Mlalag 09. - Boatoa-Maaa. |. 4. S *i L. , '. J j;`,! "^,*^'4. '!S ,r. ' ' -j : 4- * r- . ...... . - . -j..' I.'V^ Appeals s i -! f l` ' Wf ' l e w a id nao vtmmesn m Bjocnaiu. oMAimnen *? "|y Balglai - Caotra Baida Hollandala ' d'Btudaa at A* Raebarebaa - / pour 1* Drralofoaat daa - - * ,* t .+ ( ' UMCM'AltlM Jiteaslhitu Bniaaala and lfl, Statlaoavad, lb* Ka*aa tklee daa laalnauia hl(M da Etoo J1 But An Mania ^taaaala, Baldw . UK" - ~I;V;` mm ' Load Bnulopaant Aaaoclatlca , i , /-'a' '*** : ' ^*r 1 ^'VV.r-. ** *>} f * p*s$^*c %4y;. 3k Bttfcalagr ftjaara London, V.l fcglaed " "*- ZSae Snalopaaot AJaodntlcn 3k Bartcalay ftjoarn > i-iM -> -TfrT'Sjfif t,..;yxlotdoo, V.l Aiclaod ' , tHtoaPArtate *r` ,,' J ' .'*'> ': , 3k Bua OoUaoft * '***'* . ` -r- LaraUola Iwwt (Sataa) -i $ Barta, PraDea -Oanaangr BLaibaratunt I.T. Aa Vabrbafcn $0*100 -Boat Ofttoa Boat fl70S Duaaaldorf, Oanaaoy ' .: , Baflhvaralaldunc Hatalltrtbardbau l.T. . Aa Miibaha 100 Duaaaldorf, Oaiaany tliUant| I.T. Brladrleb*Xbart-8traaaa 37*39 kataldorf, Oaraaqr ' ' i< " f* 'N <>'f*t> .JPA*: Italy * Ammoelmslcn* Itallmam tlmomturm - f-s TU Nino Dm Xnrcb1, fi Xllmao, Italy Iflimn Dim Omottat iMOditloi . 18 Tim ImoptxAi . . '" . * ' - .** .' ' 'V mT^-i>,'. *. . r **' ' XmUtoto Itmllmno 9*i MoNbo X D*Uo ttnoo Vim Nmreo Am Mmrehl, J MUmas, Italy & Afta - Om Jkyta Maine laAomtiy IwoolrtUt i' v!^v Sk, S-cfaoM baaatem CciUmhhlkbeto v/. ^\ .. Qilyodm-kn .. - ..r - *?* *- ' ' ' **?..^' SvA*V?.? A$ Tbm Xmthmrlmnflm "" - '*% i V?'will - AtlefatlBA Domlamtlc ftntafcM-^fgg!**'.,y *?&,* -c-'i^sr3g? Ann mtn Hmmmmnmtnmt 9) < ' 1 * . vj^Vs . - .............. *' >i ;- ., 'rj*r.i\' ,'-V' J- %$ls$lz*-{gt-i ] ,-^Si is nf|tp' <' -" -f'. ~ '-.-.Asis*' '^jK > *'-"V .t . ' " . . * . - ^,. ' _ v-"* V;'-* t 5 "*V.*A (i TBM MBMir, Hit as of the day of . 19 UhtH the load ; Industries Association Inc, a nonprofit corporation mlitltf under tba lan of tha State See Tort IT of Srv York, and havln* a poet office eddreee See Tort (hereinafter called Spooeor). and at 696 Nadieon Avenne, . *>,4 corporation of and bavins a poet offlce*`e2dreee ai - --2--i . (hereinafter called Contractor!! SIMUii Spooeor dealret the Contractor to conduct reeearch oa (hereinafter eaartlaea rederred to ae eubject reeaarch). aa eat forth In Contractor's proposal Identified by Exhibit A, attached hereto and aade a part hereof) and Contractor la vllllas to do such work under tha following tens sod conditions! , , ^ , ... ... -w vsnfts. tha parties nay wish to renew this Acreaaent on tha bealeof . prepoaala for renewal vtlch ebell beec m a part hereof la Ilea of Exhibit A la the eeant the renewal afreeaent la entered Into; **i UUWKi la consldaratlea of tha prealaae art antnal tpresent art . arteratertlnse herein contained the parties acres as follows!>;fr 1__8_Kil'K;"a ^ "4 (a) ^Bejtm of this Acreleant shall expire one (]) yaer franl_.._ of ectnalXbectnnlas of research wort which date shall be vlthla Uawe*{j) aoatha of tha axacutlon date of this acrcaent. Contractor shall adirlar a Sponsor of the actual data of lultlatloo of reeaarch work. _. . _ Inate thle keriunt at wtlll days written nottcarto the other la which event the tern of the i ceoelrt of Uw period froa the lultlatloo of research work to tha i data of each teratnetlon. -* v. . 'ai;1 - s=`5'-?f " , ..... (c) Contractor shall advise Spooeor la writing as to the desirability of cootloulos Or stopping the research wort, at least ninety (90) days prior to the expiration data of tha Acreaaent. If continuation bo reci--mild..the etateaeat shell be acccnpanled by a foraal propoaal for renewal eatllnlac la detail the additional work reccaaMnded, the tine needed and tetalcattjpf 47* perfondns the recoaaanded wort. If 8poneor deelrae to eooept the prgp>a>l - for reuml.ltwbell'notify Cootracter in writln(. fuj ,i iiimiT uiijnim ,'i: Shall expire aotoaatlcally within'the tint net In tha proposal fer riaiivel, itmleee tendnated earlier, provided that la no event shall.the',tern,ofjdhe^; ranewl acreeasnt be looser.than.one (1) year froa tha date ef reasweUlHF? (d) All terns art conditions of the present acre nannt shall apply to any reneval acreeasnt except the prepeeal for reneval shall apply to the renewal la Ilea of proposal. Exhibit A. . -gnwCTcr'wwawcohwi 4t~* " Contractor shall initiate art conduct tha subject reeearch prcereal secoTdanca with tba attached proposal. Exhibit A Contractor shall ax ' beet efforts to fulfill tha requlraarente ef thta Acreenant,and eh*ll\, laboratory, eupervlaloo, peraonoal, w^alpaaot, art other facilities, aa * To th in said propoaal, .Exhibit A.. . N 343.03 **** SSnScrr shell reimburse Contractor for coeta of tbo subject roorch prorrm vdileh shell not exceed th total ooet at*tad la the proposal! Exhibit lA. Ooa* tractor aba11 reader ltaalted lnvoloes, quarterly, for the ecata actually Incurrad tor the previous quarter, aad Spooaor shall pay said Invoices prftptly upon pra* eeotatloc. Contractor shall keep books of acooust shoving ooeta of the subject research prograa, which books shall bo opes to Inspection by repreeeotatlree of it . vrmmcm tm noma ' (a) All Inventions raletine to tba subject research which Contractor or any eub-contractor, or their persoonal, engaged la this wort, ooodelvee or flret reduces to practloe during the tens of this Agrssasnt, or of any naatal thereof, shall becoaa the property of Sponsor. this requlresmt applies, rtether or sot . the Inventlone are patentable, and whether or sot patent application* are filed * (b) Contractor represents that It ha* required, or will require, each of ttn ,, personnel engaged in wort on the subject research to agree la writing (1) to disclose proeptly to Ox:tractor which, la tun, shall disclose promptly to Sponsor, aiy such Inventions relating to this vert, he conceive* or flret reduces to practice during the tan of this agreeasnt, aad any renewal thereof, aad (8; " -* - to assign to Ooctractor the oatlre right, title and Interest, both for the Obited pbatee and for countrlss foreign to the Salted States, la and to any jl* *.y such lsventlone, and (J) to axecote at aay tine during eoehtera of thereafter,- . . all applications for patent overing such Inventions, as will as any paper* '.-^.1 - that nay he asceaaary or helpful la ths prosecution of applications for petente -'-'thSieOO. y "VT ', "` ti-.?.'; c)^Oootrector agrees toaeslgato Spcc>eor|ihi|BBttraVl^hi^*ltla"aad:'latTast|,j both for the United states sad for couatrlas foreign to the Salted States,la aad to the aforesaid Inventions, aad at the request of Sponsor, to exscuts, or fgj'ffi ,/cbteln the execution cf, any and all papers, lneludlag applloatlooe for patent ' - righto relating thereto, as nay he necessary to west ln and secure to Sponsor ' the rights to be asslgnsd as aforesaid to Spooearj provldedj however, that Spoeeor shall bear all axpeaaea Incident to the preparation of such papers, aad, ^ the filing aad proaecutloo of suuh applications for patent as Sponsor nay y elect to nie on such Inventions. V-r V J- ' (d) Xa sqr subcontract. Contractor shall Include appropriate provision to re Jj? t ;J| * quire the euhcootractor, and personnel of euhoootrector, to assign Invention# - *. ' to Sponsor, vdtloh lnvectlpoeare oonoelved, or flret reduced to practice, by V '^subcontractor or its personnel during the teru of the eubeoctraet, or any re- '< : v- newel therof, aad which relate to. the subject reeeeixh. Sueh provision Whall ' correspond, as closely as possltls, to ths ten* uodsr which Contractor and Its paraooasl are obllgatad to asalga laveatlcn* to Sponsor, & *>'* t. muemom Ooatrsetor aad any subcontractor shall tab* reasonable precaution to keep results of subject resecreh confidential, shall not dlsoloes such results to : uaauthori ssd persons, and shall aot publish such research result*,'wales* prior 1 ,i written approval la obtained fro* Sponsor's Edrector of hisearch. Xa aay *d contract, Contractor shall Include appropriate provision to rvqulre the sub- contractor to cany cut the obligations of this Article V, n Lujxm ' Oontractor ahall adrla* of th* mm of tho paraoa who vlll nalrUla Ualaea with hpooaor'a Director of Ataaarch, aod Oootraotor vill aalntaia ouch llalaon to laaute adequate oma-inloetton u to cbsj>gti, eeopa, objective*, aooaleietloa or dacalaretloa of th* propraa. All laatruetloe* aa to parfonaiao*, and tha procroa to to undertaken, ahallb* accepted only from sponaor'a Director of Ataaarcb. Contractor ahall notify Sponsor of oaf chose* la aaalcnaaat of 11*1*00 pejeoonal. Uhea requaatad by Opoaaor, Contractor will permit It* par- *o q o *1 conduction aubjact renarch to *t with rapraaactatlvaa of Sponcor'o Mbr noapanlaa to min over-all offort. rxt mawa ttecoms Contractor and tar adboontractor atoll require tholr pareoooal mm*< ti ndbjact research totoop dolly diary of wort don*. Contractor aad any Mb* contractor atoll aoIstola oanpleto and detailed records of all wort parforead ' relation to *utJact raaaarch, ton*ther with their flsdloa* aad eoeclaelood re lating thereto, which record* aboil t* opaa at all tlaaa for loapactlon by hpocsow. la aay adeootiut Contractor ahall Include approprlot* provision to npilrt at* * contractor to oariy out th# obllqptlooa of this Article m. mt. mom ,. V 6ubjwt to the require*ante of Article XX relating to lnraatLonat (a) Contractor aboil fUtlA Sponsor with 75 oopleo of a foraol pwptw A'r-'1 (port oo subject rooaarch, aad abstract.pawnry thereof, at quarterly lattmli, or am frrpwotly if the gttara of result* of the subject research warrant* it. Contractor will adrlae fltaiatA for th* quarterly proar*a* report* iMtUtelf . T, -'f 3* (b) Contractor ahellfurnlat Apcoeor with 900 coplc* of a detailed final . i or auanary report/and obetract-aij -- ry therof, at tha aloae of aach oootraet yaar and at th* Marietta* of th* r*March progrea. ' ''1 v " (c) la praparlaa aach nbatract-nuanarlaa Contractor aarac* to the follow* lag reqplraoantni 1.1 Tha abatract-auan* rlaa of th* quarterly raporte abould ba batweca about ICO aad 500 norde la length, aontnally >30 word*, tbay aay aootala brief table* but ao flfionaa, and nat Include atateaaeta aooaaralac onre11 objective* of tha . progrea, lataraadlata objective* during tha report period, wort acocepllehad toward tbaao objective* la tha report period, Including a brief rrrlav of tha apartnaatal procedure, highlight* of tha raaulta cbtelaad, and a brief atata. act of future work to ba aonduetad la tha aaxt report period. t. Aa abetrect-auamry of tha flaal or auanary report ahoold ba between 750 and 1JOO wordala laacth, seeddaily 1000 word*, ibl* abatrectMwmauy abould oontala a atetanaat eftb over**11 objective* of th* rrofita a atetenant of lataraadlata objective*, a nunaary of th* work aeaonpllabad toward thaaa 0 objaatleea, lacludlag a brief review of erperlaaatal procedure, a discussion of th* raaulta obtained aad th* over-all eooolualcoa drew* from th* progra*. J. Tha aditorlal style of' thaaa batraet.sunaari** abould b* alallar to those la tha A. K. X. U X. A. Cipandad kasaereh rmna quarterly report* to - *: :'A 1 iiftwirn* I tiifo ~i -->w. -v (E3"x::c:3 re coir.-rjerc.'S) * vn'ff l ir-rfc ~------ opgurtyg p b o c p u r m t &k k o e d r es ear c h PROGRAM a k e r ic a x tac niaravnt. u*a nrougnuia a s s o c ia t io n fr '' I. nrmoajcncM The Expended Research Program of the Anerlcaa Zinc Institute and the lead Industrie* Association is sponsored by many of tb* major producer* of pig lead aad alab tlna located throughout th free world. Recognising tb need for additional research la our industries, particularly vlth respect to product research, the** companies Joined together through the existing Amerlean Zinc Institute and lead Industries Association, where procedure* had been *t*hll*b*d for collecting the fund* necessary for *uch a research activity and where aa effectlva aeaa* for bringlrg the Industry's aeaber* together bed been established. The Program, founded la 1958, 1* supported by assessments on the total production of pig lead and slab aloe of the participating companies regardlet* of where the resulting aetal* are sold. Becaua* of the urgent need to develop new uses for lead aad nine a* well a* to resale competitive la existing Markets, the Expanded Research Progress concentrates on new product development and has excluded fres its scope of activities any research on exploration, mining, . beneflciatlon, smelting, and refining. The participating companies are located throughout the world and for this reason the Expanded Research Program 1* truly an International undertaking aad requires the full cooperation of all who participate. By this means the technical capabilities, market knowledge, aa well aa funds of our member companies are brought together through the Expanded Research Program to undertake the necessary research. la order to get the program under way at the earliest possible maacat. It was deeldad that ve would use existing research facilities rather than attempt to build and staff a laboratory facility, for this reason ve use every possible research source In cluding such organisation# m independent research Institutes and foundations, govern ment laboratories, the laboratories of our own participating ccmpanlea, and colleges and universities. (Xir basis for selection of a specific source Is that laboratory which we believe can moat effectively conduct the research w* desire, and the avmrda are based on merit rather than other considerations. JU a result, with our research scattered widely across the world, tb* problems In ccnmunlcatloce can complicate our program; however, by effectively managing the operation, ve believe the problem* of distance can be greatly minimised. We have had many notable successes from the participating laboratories, and we recognise them as essential to our continued success. U. SCOPE Of THE RESEARCH As mentioned In the preceding paragraphs, our Investigation* are directed principally toward developing new knowledge about lead and sloe and their compound* as veil M developing new uses for these materials. An essential pert of the Program la to im prove existing product* so that they can remain competitive or achieve competitive superiority. A significant portion of our progrmi Is in fundamental research to develop new Information and vlth no ccsmserelal objective* assigned to the** Investi gations. In estebllshlng our program Initially, our Industrie* reviewed their present position and the competition they faced. The Initial phase of the research vas therefor* con centrated on Improving existing product* to maintain their competitive position. Tb# V '^ippp 'r *c . *3S*.** . 1. -4V. , % en^le Spooeor to Include thao la inch cruertarly reports. zr. mtamc or Tmonrowa Contractor ahall prooptly call Sponsor's attention to any raaaarch result# Clearing fro* the subject research parforacl by althar Contractor or any aubcootractor. which raaaarch raaolta appear to contain patantabla Baterial. Coo* tractor aball not lncluda such patantabla naterlal la tha raporta recrulred by Article VIII,but ahall furnish Sponsor with T5 coplaa of a apeclal report coctalivlng a foil disclosure of auch patantabla aeterlel, which apaclal report ahall ba narked 'confidential*. z. Kmnvn Xonexpendable eculpomt nacaaaary to carry out tha subject research,pur chased or fabricated by Contractor, Ibr tfelefc Sponsor'a funds a*a *rvaaalr pro* vlded. (ball rwaels tha property of Sponsor. After tereflation of tha agraaiwnt and any renewal thereof. Cootractor'ahall deliver such ecrulpoent to such placa aa Sponsor any direct, at Sponsor'a rsoueet and arpanaa. zz cwmjwiATiai Zn tha event of any Inconsistency between Contractor's proposal. ZsMbit A* or any proposal for renewal on the one band and tha Article# set forth at length in this agraaaant on tha other band tha latter shall govern. ZX VRKE83 VRznor, tha parties have executed thla Agraaaant of tha day and year first above written. lead Industrie# Xoc. (aponaor) ftr (Title) I[ ? t i f- b .(Contractor) if (Title)__________________ % - r*1 sscond major i Uj u to investigate those tr*u which offersd premise of mv markets oad to review our materials to determine vbers the fundamental kaovledgs of our materials vu deficient. Bisss suggestions c o m to us fro* vithin our Industry and froo outside sources. Tbs major portion of our Rssearch frograa cams fras Ideas gezzerated vlthln the frame-work of our industry. Vs sre more pleased to review unsolicited proposals for research, hut It should he pointed out that the principal planning has case fros vlthln opr own Industrie#. Vhere outside laboratorlee propose research to us for Investigation vs i ir rmaaid l trozzgly a preliminary rerlev of theee proposals vlth us so that unnecessary expense end tine required for proposal preparation are rolled If the proposed research has already been done hut the Information Is not generally arallable. Ve cannot exist nor conduct our Program vlthout the research eouroee aentloned above. for this reason ve are always pleased to Met vlth their people and discuss potential nsv areas for Investigation. in. WHERE 18 OCR RESEARCH OOJtKCgDT Vs bare used'and are using every conceivable source of Investigation fras private organisations to goverzaent laboratories, frem our Industry laboratories to universi ties and colleges. As vs have aeatlooed before, the swardli^ of a coctract for research Is based principally on merit and ths capabilities of the Individual labora tory. Research has hsen undertaken vlth organisations such as Bsttslle, Amour, and Arthur A. Little. Ve have used Industry laboratories of our amber companies as vail as the Industrial laboratories of assoclstsd companies. Ve have utilised the out- > standing capabilities of gorercMnt laboratories bars and abroad aid our fellowships heve been ewarded to colleges and universities throughout ths world. At ths present time ve bars research under way In Holland, England, Canada, Australia, and the Chited States. Vs hare triad to establish a slngls procedure for all ths participating organisations la order to minimise problems la coautmlcation, patents, and other c o m trsctval matters. rv. pr o j ec t DnTimo Vhen ve have determined that an area Is deserving of Investigation, the steff of ths Expanded Research program together vlth Its industry ecoslttees, which vlll be dis cussed In following paragraphs, develop a work statement which defines ths problem and establishes the scope and objectives of the research investigation. In the area of fundamental research, the definition of the problem is made as broad as possible to give flexibility to the Investigator uadertaklrg this research. Bze mors applied the problm becomes, the easier it is to define ths pzroblem and delineate the scope of the research. Hila vork statement lx submitted to ths potential contractor^#) for review and preparation of his research proposal. " As covered in following paragraphs, this proposal is. In many oases, ths only contact between ths contractor and thoee who will revlsv and reconund acceptance of ths proposal. Therefore, It Is contingent upon the contractor to prepare his proposal as carefully as possible and to clearly and concisely state the program which be proposes to undertake. The proposal vlll be reed and renewed by ths entire Industry supporting this program; therefore. It Is imperative that clarity and completeness bs emphasised. -a- puytwg-wr- waipiispif*1 f i t i If a problem la to be undertaken where a single contractor la clearly outstanding In the field, then the work atateaent la submitted only to that single source and bis single proposal Is reviewed by our Industry. On the other hand, where a problem Is rather broad In nature and there Is no single laboratory so outstanding that a single source can be reccanenled, then the work atateaent and Invitation to bid Is submitted to nore than one potential contractor. The propoaals are required to be prepared and to be In our hands by a given date for Industry review. Once the pro posals are In our hands. It ray taka fraa ons to three nonthe before sward of the contract. If no suitable propoaals are received, It la obvious that new Invitations to bid will be requested. As has been sectioned before, our basis for selection Is tha capability of the people who will undertake the research, and this Is ex pressed by the prograa outline and pi I'lpri--J. for the Investigation to be undertaken. In preparing the proposal the contractor should provide a detailed outline of the prograa and arthod of attack. Vbare possible a tlae schedule should he included - where a new product or products are to be evaluated to aeet specific aarkets. As defined In the stateaent of the prohlan, the procedures for evaluation should be spelled out (l.e. corrosion testing, analytical data, physical property determination, etc). A. Personnel and Capabilities following this a paragraph or paragraphs should be Included which list personnel to be assigned to the experimental phase of the project, the supervision which will be provided, the experience and quallf1catloos of professional engineers and/or ~ scientists to be assigned to the work, the man-year effort to be devoted to tho project as proposed - broken down as to professional and subprofesslooal man-years, the experience of your orsanitation as a whole In the field, together with a listing of pertinent publications or research which has been done by your organisation la tbs particular field la question. B. facilities and Special fqulimcgt Where unique faculties or highly specialised equipment are required for the study* an ltemltatloo of this equipment together with a statement of the capabilities of your people In operating this equlpaent Is necessary. When purchase of equlpseat is necessary, the arrangements under which It will be provided aust be specified. C. Subcontractors A stateaent is to be Included as to whether or not any of the prograa Is to be sub contracted, itemizing the subcontracted a) to be selected, work he will carry out, and the need for such work outside the prime contractors facilities. D. project Expenses 1) Proposal - B>s proposed bid should also lacluds an ltemltatloo of costs broken down as to personnel, special equlpnent, overhead and materials. It should also advlss paymart requirements (l.s., monthly, quarterly, or annually). If advance 'i i payment is necessary, note should be made of this fact. ?) fUyaent All bills should he submitted to the Director of fsearch of the 1 Expanded Research Program, American Dine Institute and the Lead Industries Association for approval for payment. -3- ,% -1- i ;-l-'-\ ;- -/ *v fMk\ ... ftSw. m -^'4fe' -* T. PltOJKT JUffi WCPOSAI OTm Ag> flCfflnOW . Jte*erdlaea of vbatbar tba proposal 1* tram a *ln*l* court* or a **t of proposal* received M ft reeult of on Invitation to bid auholttad to aor* than on* contractor, UrH propoaala r* auloltted flrftt to our technical vorkln* cottlttaaa, either far lead or doe ee th* eftft* nay b*. Our* ar thr** KBltUM ifclcb operate la each of thaa* lnduatrla*. A Netallendoal Mtoeaatltta* b* b*a aatahllahad vhlch r*rin* raaaarch oa Mechanical behavior of our uatarlal*, pfayaloal Metallurgy, techniques for producing rawitr or Industrial product#, architectural applications, and tba Ilk*. A (fcsMlnal flalunaalttae rtrim all that lain, (win, organic tad Inorganic which pertain* to paint*, ; , sad rftlatad product*. ?b* Cactroehaleal Bubwltt-- Monitors those project* which deal with corrosion, power package* (tatterlee), electroplating and related ywciiiM, and cathodic pro* ^ sS ' taction. : _. ! * .m#**'- -sfc-5 itif ;&'jhA */iW iT ' Sued oo approval of and a selection of tba boat proposal auhalttad bjr th* oootr*ctor(a)t tba project aalactad by tba appropriate technical auhcoaalttaa la suhnlt* tad to tba Technical Stearin* Oonaltta* which review* tba aalactad ptyoad oo tba > baala of acope, and lta plaea la our ovar-all baaearch bO(r, and provide* a cannot broad technical review of tba potential of tba project. After approval at tba ' - Technical Steerlr< Cowlttaa level tba aalected project la admitted totb*;Iadu*try Bevalcjocn*. OcaBltta* of tba appropriate Industry, vtiara It la rvrlewwd for lta > aarket potantinl or th* general aaad far lnfornatlon (fundMantal raaaarch).-After approval at tba aarkatla* level It la sdaalttad to tba Board of Mrectork for final : . approval of the expenditure of fund* and for aaaeaanant of tbe partlclpatla* ladaatry sclera, ao that fra* a financial atandpolct/.-tha ra*aarcb oanba undertaken. receipt of approval at tba technical working level, tba,technical policy laral, JjgdUafti>te#dId laval^ and the Management l*v*l,tbe blrectar,,Of Beeeercb will award the y^-^g^contract/w* approved/'bo tba aalacted'oantrmetdr'and at+that^otnt tb*'ainafcb" .!&&&$ -a * vAtS - v*. * < `-n si Aa tba oontractor adbnlta report* (to be discussed Ina pubasqueat peivcnp**/ thee* * report* nr* aabadttad to tba Tvchaloal IWbonanltf** and to 4thb*aJ,eScthchnlnraloVajPl#tta*a*rlangc 13 - Ooaaltta* for review and critique of th* reaaarch tiaiiW.40.i)(rUeltmafb*bi frequently auhalt auggestlcoa, rfinto, and r*arwendat 1 nr*.to th* Director of Beeeercb 6o In turn paaaaa theca ccasest*, pin* hi* m, to tba eootractor far * rerlaw. -In tba avant that lt la ballnwd tbat tba.oootractor la not^oodetll tb*'l raaaarcb with approprlat* aqbaala and tacbnlqua, tba Wractor of Beaaarcbj bin and arrai^a for a neoaaaary uaatln* Vlth;th* ataarlr^ odaaltta* nd < : of Baaearch to clarify tba proMaaa'ln quaatloo.ifela a auarJilallir^ daacrlbad above, tba rraailtTin at all laval* review tba reaaauroh at of tba contract to conaldar- twnawln* tba contract and ooetloulns -tb*^...... . lb aidiaaquant year*, -gba ardianli fbr r*vl*wand *or*aal*jl* .ajcaotlysaaj! bafor*. . - ii* " i n. waoT nAaw v; la tba fall f each year th* varloa* technical a^hoaaalttat* aoat to ravlav tba raaearcb under way and to either innaeend oancallatlona or nontliaiatloa Of the retearrh. At tbaa* neetln*a th* oomltta* will also consider -new am* Of reeeerob baaed oa Idea* developed tgr the Induetry or autalttad to the lnduatryfraa outall* sourcee. While the *reat najorlty of tba pro*raa la developed at tbla tine (atartln* no or about Septoeher 1) new oootrasta can b* initiated any tln* drla-tba-y*ar.'viVff.; ' * V. is .,r - At th* budget meeting*, tboa* contractor* vbo can rwdlly rialt vltb our ccmaitt*** (th* ar* uitiUi bald la >n York City) or* 1MM to attend to dlacua* th* r#***rch which they hav* undertaken la tbe (Ut, thalr proposal* for oontl naattca, or tbalr autaiaalon of proposal* for aav loratlgatlooe. Pita personal contact vltb - tba working ecanlttea* paralt* a full vri)*ng* of laforaatioa lid oaa clarify any attar* vhlch ara not affactlraly baadlad la tba honal vrlttaa report*. It should alao b* pointed out that naetlrg* nay b# bald during tba year at vbieb tlaa tb* contractor* vlll ta Invited to mat vltb tba eamdttaa* at a eotral point or It ay ba arranged to bar* tb* taebaloal caBdtt*** aaat vltb tba contractor at bla facllltlaa to rarlav tba reaaarch, aaat tba paraoontl undertaking tba Investigation, aad examine aa^ilta, prooa****, *to Bafarrlag again to tba budget aaatleg*, tba working technical aiAocaalttea* review tb* antlr* propoaad program aad nriyaaind tb* problaa* to b* Umatlgatad aad auggvot tb* ami vbieb they fail abould b* apaat to conduct tb* raaearch la guaatisau lbaa .< -jftotb# proponed budget* of aaeb of tb* Tecbalcal Oubfrylttaa* ara BOnaolldalad aad ' 'tfautalttcd la toto to tb* Technical Steering Ccaalttee of tb* *ps*oprint* Industry1 group (lead or tine). After a aicnrd technical review, theyare subalttad to th* laduatry tmlogaot Oaaaltt** vbara.aarkat potential* are considered, aad finally to th* Board of Director* for final approval aad aaaeaaaant of tb* participating companies to obtain tb* funds naoaaaary to aupport tb* raaaarcb lagaaatlcn. .,Vhll* tbla nay appear to be a 00^1tented -procedure, lt la actually suite djgO* andj la entirely analogous to tb* handling of reaearoh budget* la Individual ecnpaele* with tb* air^l* ezcuptlse that a aor* thorough and ooaplat* rrrley aad aeraaslng 4*" glvvo our proposed veee-wh penfi-- ahn.eea7eMtyaing^fta:any'<*rtliauel f- * tv - y * 'r *'' \ - Ooce tba program baa bees approved and all tba Indlvldad'frnJa^'lilactaA, tba j Kr*trch Director vlll advlaa vthc'ooatractor of yvoavaDof bla'eoatraet or vlll: davvlop mart statement* and auimit lnvltattoos to bid to i i&SBroiioial preparation for ; m. AiTODg a - rxwjngp tasuxs t bo g mm cngmn b'' ..... ,, Attach*! to tala document aa `Appendix A* la a laagila gTjthalfepaiidadyroir-- gaoaxulj contract. Tor tb* noat part'tbla cctxtmef'U to be nccaptad Wj|tttadH*dj bovuvn -In eartala ease* va vlll negotlat* aucSTChnagacaa Bay t* r*<pilradNtd%tTlv at a > : autually aatlafactary docimant. If at all possible, va raffvanddthat yotantlal contractor* accept th* oontraet aa suhKRilttttead a* It bea* been dervaeloloppa*d* oOvveer a mad year* to suit tba particular-msui rajmat*:W^wr^adadtrl*gJ^Miilife>fei . * r; J ' fr ' &$. isWai^ 'OVt Ihti WL I tbatl ' are autfBatlrally oancUad at tbajand JDf tbC1, ' notloe. All contract* *r to coctala.a canoallatlod > ^doCuBaat.^lt'4bould.b*'Cl*dr^9nd*mbbd'tbat:''^ila'l of tb* contract yvar 1* flrar'Kad that o notlo* n**d'bi_ _. ; tb* contract la on a eal*nlar y*ar baal* (l.a. froa 3anutoy^U$b'^ij;ajib*r. of -mj Vslvaa year) b* Buat tulBlt roocaBaaadaUoeB-ifor^anawl'SU^b* , vltb mar normal budget planning procadur.,;;Cn tba.otbar band,' baaa initialed durltg tba calendar yaar^'and if ba'reocmenla'< raaearch effort, tbea b* Bust aidadt to tb* Director of'****aroh'fftb*: Bcpaadad Saaearcb Prograa *ucb a racrmaendaMon for continuation together vlth a brief outlla* of th* propOMd work to b* carried out on tb* *ub**tp)*fit :phas of tb*'lnvaatlgatlon and a auteawnt of fund* required la a i alallar to aulmlaalon of tb* original X *'* " :.v-r' propoeal. The Director of Research will Immediately forward ths proposed proposal for continuation of the research to th# candttees for rev lev and screening. If sutmltted to the Director of Research d o later than 90 day* prior to termination of the contract, eufflclent tine vlU be provided to permit the contractor to con tinue hie work Immediately upon cmplehion of the aoet recent phase of the investi gation. The contractor vlll note the requirements on patent* and publications, oootract Initiation, termination, extension, cost, and payment clauses. Reference la also mad* to equipment and to run mlcations vlth the Director of Research. The 000tractor's authority for Initiation of the contract, for change In scope, for Bub alssloe of reports, etc. la the Director of Research of the Expanded Research Progrsa, and the contractor la to accept Instructions Crcm no other source. Vlth regard to personnel and capabilities, the contractor la obligated to advise the Director of Research of any change or reaeslgnsent of personnel cooductlng the In vestigation.- Id the original proposal, the personnel to conduct the research have been listed and therefore any changes to this personnel assignment Bust be brought to the attention of the Director of Research of the Expanded Research Progri at cnee. The Director of Research of the Depended Research Progrw reserves the right to revlev critical research reports prepared by the contractor as veil as the fiscal data covering the bills which are submitted to the Expanded Research Program for payment. This Is to clarify any problem* which say arise vlth regard to payment and/or ultimate patenting of inventions arising out of this research. VHI. KTWT1 OO PR O..C..E.D,, U. -Ry:E:[ Attention la also called to the requirements for report submission. Qnless Otherwise noted, all progress reports vlll be required on a quarterly basis. If, however, a critical phase of the program Is reached requiring an laaedlate report such report Bay be male even though It doe# not fall vlthln the norcal quarterly period. Xt any also be necessary to have reports submitted on a aonthly or bimonthly basis rather than on a quarterly basis. Unless other arrangements are made vlth the Director of Research, ' quarterly reports will be required. 75 copies of all report* are to be sent toths Director of Research of the Expanded Research Frogrms. At the close of each contract year, however, or on completion of a particular research progrsa, a detailed final or turnery report Is to be submitted to the Director of Research of the Depended Research Progrso In the aaount of 200 copies. These reports are most Important la advising our supporting ambers of th* research being undertaken and the progress of the progrsa. This reportirg systea Is the aoet effective means of ccsmunlcatloa between the contractor and those supporting the progrtss through the Director Of Research of the Depended Research Progrsm. Because of the many Industries and organisations associated vlth the lead and alas Industries, It Is necessary that th* results of each prograa be given vide dlitrUattDi This 1* accomplished by distributing a quarterly report issued by the Director of Research of th* Depend' d Research Progrsa In which th# progress of each contract Is concisely siassarlted. To facilitate ccmpllatloo of this report each contract quarterly report and sunary report must include an abetract-suaaary of th* work acccsspllsbsd during th* last period for direct Inclusion In the Expanded Research Progrsa quarterly report. Th* abstract of th* quarterly report should be between 100 and 500 words la length and cay inclule brief tables of data obtained but no figures. It should in clude statements concerning over-all objectives of the prograa, Intermediate objec tives reached during the report period, vork accomplished, and a brief review Of the experimental procedure and high lights of th* results obtained. Xt should also Include a brief statement of future work to be conducted In the next report period. On th* other hand, the abstract for the suRmevry report should be between 750 and 1,500 words and contain a statement of th* cver-all objectives of th* prograa, s statement -6-  - jar w- . fiiffrt i' M`rr imin -ffftn^TiitiafirtrHilitif r r ritl^rrifiiff of the objective* achieved, together with a brief review of experimental procedure*, discussion of tin reeulte obtained, and conclusions drawn froa investigation undertaken. 1b* editorial style of thee* abstract* should be elaliar to that la the Upended Research Progrsn quarterly report, a copy of which 1* attached for your review. In preparing quarterly report* and/or phase report*, the contractor 1* advised to exclude from those report* such critical data ae aay effect obtain!^ patent* oc Invention* developed during the conduct of thla research. It 1* imperative that where these data are developed, the Director of Research be advised and separate confidential report* and* to hla detail!tg the results obtained and the fact that these data will be critical In preparation of patent applications. Since th* reporta submitted to the Industry are circulated widely within the Industry, and th* expanded Research Program quarterly reports are Internationally distributed. It Is laeusbent on the contractor to be cognisant of those data which will be pertinent to th* patent ability of the Invention* arising out of our research effort*. The confidential report will be reproduced a* directed by th* Director of Research. Boo* of the research results of th* contract In question are to be published or pre sented at technical meetings unless cleared in advance by th* Director of Research of the Expanded Research progns. V* feel It 1* our prerogative to have such Infor mation released In areas where It can be of greateet benefit to the lead and sine industries. Bowever, our basic policy la to disseminate th* result* of our research' * widely. , . awsm wiaamat The contractor working with lead and sine Is advised that a tremendous atorabous* of knowledge Is available within these two Industrie*. Should be encounter probles* la such critical areas as metallography, analysis, and th* like, th* Director of Research abould be contacted insedletely so that the necessary assistance can b* provided the contractor. This abould. also apply when * --fit materials are required or other critical data not available In th* contractor's library or background. Because of the outstanding cooperation given by our Industries to the Expanded Research Program, v* can assure you of the wholehearted support of our member companies regardless of their location. 1b* cooperation between th* member companies Is outstanding. The contractor will find that his difficulties can in many cases be solved by means of a telephons call or letter detailing th* assistance required, and in turn the Director of Research ha* behind bin the technical background and capabilities of these two outstanding Indus tries to assist In every vey possible. The contractor will be aided by every mean* possible through th* close working relations of th* member companies and th* technical ccmlttees which screen and review the work In question. In addition, In certain critical areas, we are indeed fortunate to have th* cooperation and assistance of related Industries who can provide further help and assistance to the contractor* Th# point of contact In seeking such help Is through th* Director of Research Of th* Depended Research Program. -7- i.. 9 i } x. tiAiBow w it h rax txRucna) wsmwcg pr o g r am Am covered la the contract requirement*, the contractor la to advlae which person or persons la the contractor's organisation will maintain contact with bin to insure adequate ccrxsunleatlon as to objectives, changes In scope, acceleration or decelera tion of the progran. Instructions as to the performance on the contract, and any changes to he carried out by the contractor, are to be given only by the Director of Research of the Expanded Research Program and through no other source. This is to Insure minimum conflict In conducting the Investigation In question. This cosmunication also applies to reassigns*nt of personnel on the part of the contractor as covered In preceding paragraphs. As mentioned above, the Director of Research or the staff of the Expanded Research Progress will Bale periodic visits to the con tractor's facilities to discuss the progrso and the progress of the research. It may also be advisable to have the Technical fluhccwrltteee and such other Industry repre sentatives as Mgr be designated to visit with the contractor at Ms facilities or havo the contractor's representatives meet with the Director of Research and Industry representatives at sutually suitable points. The contractor Is urged to caictain close liaison with the Director of Research and his staff to insure rrtnlsnss conflict and most efficient progress of the research In question. 'r XI. PATBff POUCT As covered In our general contract, all Inventions relstlrg to the research conducted by the contractor or Ms technical personnel or subcontractors, first reduced to practice during the tens of this contract or any extension thereof, became the property of the Expanded Research Progran of the Aacrlcan tine Institute and the lead Industries Association. This requirement applies whether the Inventions are patentable or not and whether or not patent applications are filed on such Inventions. This require ment also applies to subcontractors end their employees. The contractor, subcontractor, and their technical personnel shall sign appropriate applications for patents and assignments at the request of the Expanded Research Progran end shall assist the Expanded Research Progran la every reasonable way to aalntaln and enforce patent pro tection for the Expanded Research Progran In the United States and in other countries of our choice. As covered above, the contractor shall delete fron appropriate reports submitted for distribution such patent Information end crucial data which would seriously affect obtaining patents on the inventions or which would disclose critical know-how of Inventions developed. This nay be accomplished by exclusion of these'data from the Dorsal reports submitted by the contractor and included In a separate confidential report appropriately narked, or by berlng separate detachable aectlooe Of the report marked 'confidential*. This information must be handled In this manner so that there would be no effective disclosure which would besper subsequent Issuance of patents. Where the contractor tales such action (l.e. preparing a confidently report) the Director of Research should be Informed so that he can In turn sake appropriate arrangements for disclosing this information to the companies which provide the financial support for this entire prograa. By and large patents art obtained to enhance utilisation of the results achieved by this program and generally are not to be classified as restrictive unless such rev trlctlon would insure ultimate use of the results of our research effort. The declared patent policy of our Prograa Is as followst -. eV 8 *4T <= W. it, ' V-urfrftsSSkfe s>5, -4 '**'* ` **' . " - -- --vV * * < ^ '* - - ' --- the Jlaerlcen tine Institute and lead Industries mwUtlai will obtain patents 1b the United States ant forties countries b<n warranted by technical considerations or potential cawrcial usage. Za general, tea rights to both paneled and unpatented inventions Owned by tba two orcaniutioa* will b* licanaad on a non-exclusive, unreitrlcted bail* is aueb aasoar aa to aaaura anxious usage of the invention at tba aarllaat practical date, Reasonable royaltiaa Bay ba charged in appropriate caaae. nx. nuflwn* moawa Tba aajcr portion of the rat'll raaanfe detailed above apply to thoee ooetracta Oileh are principally of an applied nature. Many of tbeee requirements do not apply to . our fellovabip progrsa a* we recognise tba eaaeutial dlffarenca bateeen tba normal induatrial resaarcb carried on above aa coetraatad to aaalatanca to etudents and academic institutions, particularly thoee students pursuing advanced degrees. Oar principal objective in our fellovabip effort is to eiqiport graduate research psmfer- rably at the Jb.D. level. Our aajor reqnl ramint le that tba resaarcb be conducted in lead or cine depending on the source of funds, that is whether the finds far tbs -/ fellowship effort are to be supported by the line industry or the lead industry. While we aay suggest resaarcb is a critical, area aueb aa la tba application of lead in glasses and glazes or In porcelain enamels, we are always happy to consider tbs suggestions of tbs faculty and/or tba student for a research Investigation la Our area of interest. .. - 1v In order that tba schools aay select the beet possible people far our Progrsa, we `s will advise the institution 1 msill ataly after the first of the year that a fellowship will be awarded to tba institution. Wa would appreciate aartain advertising of the -iA, fellowship la appropriate bulletins end iq>on receipt of advice frees the colleges or ' university funds will be provided the school to support the fellowship In question. ^ Xa order that we aay continue to receive fall support of our industry for tbla .' r .fellowship progrsa, we fed that effective cmniintraMnns aust he established betasant schooled ourselves so that ve can mlvise the industry of theatuleots who are.:' recipients of the fellovabip, and the problsa to be investigated. We wish to receive once each quarter a staple letter report Indicating bow the layeatlgatlon^&aj proceeding. *Thin 1 not to be eooetrusd aa the formal quarterly report tobe i qulrcd for induatrld-type contracts, but le aisgly a atatsasnt of the reeultas___ achieved through the student's Investigation. Ultimately vs wish to obtain ccplaaiof tba thesis developed through the research sponsored by our program. <.\KV*'fc6 -Ve fed this fellowship progrea It very Vital, and we are lntereeted in lte growth j and continuation. TO achieve thin. It la obvious that affective I'raaini redoes are ? the only naans whereby we can achieve such continuetics and aaintain the Interest cf| our Industry people. gar?*, *&*. In turn, through tbs quarterly report prepared and Issued by tb9B$uded Research ... Program, the school, tba department, tba supervisor, and tba student vlll receive pu" bv. licity; aa each fellovabip la aaaouneed and tba work dis- cussed, In o*ur, ^rep( orts. Ve strongly urge that aaabtrs having any qussttooa regarding our progrsa and Its' continuation fed free to contact tba Director of Research of tba Expanded Research .isi Progrsa to clarify any question. In turn, we ere pleased to nest with aanbers of tbs ' faculty or the administration of the univarsity or college share necessary. Ve oanaot help unless we know about problaas which nay arise. Correspondingly, ve can only -y obtain future export for the progrea if wa art advised as aueb as possible regarding , activity oa tba profraaa .talac undartakaa at tk* ualvaraltiaa. V* plan to bn a Mabar of tha fapandad ntaaarch Prraa ataff to aaat vlth tba faculty tar eoo* earned ml tba fallow aaeh jraar to aobaso# oar worklm ralatlooahlp tad to lnaura aa affactlva fallowably progra.