Document ZBegNbOy16Y9rxO9mBV8ZVmE0

<l>ino -Ria l tIA25717 Typical group of Nebraska's white lead painted AAA grain storage bins. Established Position of White Lead Simplifies Bidding on Paint Materials for Grain Bins O facilitate the handling of sur ness of our farms and an assurance Tplus stocks of grain and to avoid of an abundance of food for America. the necessity of curtailing farm pro In order to protect the wood con duction, the Agricultural Adjustment struction from the weather, as well as Agency has found it necessary to pro to make them more attractive in vide local storage for quantities of appearance, these buildings are all wheat and soy beans. This storage is painted a uniform white. In Nebraska, provided in the form of standardized the state Agricultural Conservation wooden granaries which can be quick Committee of the AAA, which is in ly erected at central points close to charge of building granaries for use shipping facilities. in that state, has standardized on pure Since the grain is to be stored only white lead paint for several reasons. until it can be sold and moved to Mr. Abner K. Chestem, Chairman of market, and since storage require the Committee, says "When trying to ments may vary from time to time in determine how we might advertise for each locality, the granaries are built bids on white paint for our 4,000 bins, in demountable sections and can be we found that soft paste white lead, easily moved to a new location as con linseed oil and gum turpentine are ditions demand. For this purpose the standardized products on which bids Agricultural Adjustment Agency has can be secured and the final quality designed a sturdy well proportioned of the paint materials delivered as building which, standing filled in neat sured without having a technical labo rows, gives evidence of the productive ratory test the paint purchased. "The farmers who are painting the bins can easily thin the paste white lead to brushing consistency." The Nebraska State Agricultural Conservation Committee found that in addition to providing a standard for obtaining bids on a uniformly high quality paint, the use of pure white lead and oil. mixed on the job. effected substantial savings in the cost of ma terial. The granaries are at present receiv ing only two coats of paint but the excellent covering capacity of white lead provides them with a serviceable protection and it will remain smooth and uniform to receive additional paint when it becomes necessary. The Agricultural Service Division of the Lead Industries Association has prepared a chart showing quantities of materials required for the standard size grain bins along with instructions for mixing the paint. Copies of this chart may be obtained, upon written request, from the Lead Industries As sociation, 420 Lexington Avenue, New York City. SOME LEAD USES TO SAVE CRITICAL MATERIALS USE MATERIAL SAVED RECOMMENDED Bearing Metal Chemical Tank Lin ingt, and Pipe# Closet Floor Flangee Collapsible Tubes Tin-Base Rubber Brass Die Castings Drum Trap Covers and Kings Fire Extinguishers Foil Caskets and Washers Instruction Plates, Name Plates, ete. Mechanical Pencil Hardware Zlne Base Brass Copper Tin, Aluminum Robber Brass, Iron, Steel Brass Lead Base Lead Lead Alloy Lead Alloy Lead Tin-Coated Lead Lead Base Lead Alloy Lead-Coated Steel Lead Lead Lead Alloy Lead Alloy USE Metallic Coatings Paint, White 4 Tinted Paint, Metal Protective Plumbing Pipes and Fittings Roofing, Flashing, Gravel Stops Storage Batteries Water Service Pipe MATERIAL SAVED Zine, Cadmium, Chromium, Niekel Zine Oxide Zinc Chromate Copper, Brass, Galvanized Iron and Steel, Cast Iron Copper, Galvanized Iron, Terne Plate Niekel-Iron Tin-Lead Copper, Brass, Galvan ized Iron and Steel, Cast Iron RECOMMENDED Lead Coating W hite Lead Red Lead Blue Lead Lead Lead Lead Alloy Lead-Acid Lead-Silver Lead-Silver-Bismuth Lead Welding Lead --2-- LiA25718 i i the -hite ural at in I for high hite cted maceiv- the hite able ooth onal sion i has ities lard ions this itten AsNew i, LD Charleston, sometimescalled O "America's Most Historic City," is rich in historical associations ex tending back a century before the founding of this nation. Charleston was first in many important industrial, commercial and social institutions in America including railway service, fire insurance and free municipal No. 16 college. Long established naval and Charleston Homesteadsmilitary'units located here still serve the countrv with distinction. Statelv buildings with historic associations attract many visitors annually. Reflect Golden Era However, the most vivid memory of Charleston in the mind of the con- in Old South f- temporary visitor is of the gracious homes and beautiful gardens. Charles tonians are home loving people who take pride in their homes and a large number of fine old houses have been occupied by the same families for gen erations. The excellent condition of many of these houses is due to sound maintenance programs, which include regular painting with pure white lead paint. The accompanying photographs indicate that the owners of these land marks intend to continue to relv on the durability and beauty of pure white lead to protect their homes from the ravages of the weather. Oj comparatively re cent construction,the Hartley House was erected in 1881. As is the case with many of its older neighbors, Ll is deco rated and protected with pure white lead paint. One of the spacious mansions for which Charleston is fa mous in the histori cal William Wash ington House. Built in 1765, its excellent preservation is large ly due to having been protected from the ravages of weather by pure white lead paint. Built of black cy press on the charac teristic high brick foundation about 1780, the Aimar House was once the residence of Gov ernor John Mathews of South Carolina. The clean whiteness of white lead paint adds to its charm and beauty. PHOTOGRAPHS BY RONALD ALLEN REILLY THIS IS NO. 16 OF A SERIES REPRESENTATIVE OF THE MANY AMERICAN LANDMARKS IN VARIOUS SECTIONS OF THE COUNTRY THAT ARE PRESERVED FOR THE FUTURE WITH PURE WHITE LEAD AND OIL PAINT. MANY OF THEM HAVE ALWAYS BEEN PROTECTED WITH THIS RELIABLE MATERIAL ACCORDING TO AVAILABLE RECORDS. --3-- LIA25719 Plumbing Specialties Successfully Made of Lead Release Brass for Military Uses NE nf the critical problems necessary with the brass ring, thus O facing the plumbing industry making an additional saving of tin as today is the supply of incidental brawsesll as brass. The body of the drum fittings necessary for the installation trap remains the same with l/g in. of fixtures--small articles, perhaps thick walls as required by the Lead unfamiliar to anyone except the men Industries Association Standards and who do the work but necessary parts Commercial Standard CS96-4I. of a safe sanitary job. Any means of The closet floor flange is slightly supplying suitable substitutes for different in design from the commonly these fittings is a help in carrying out used brass flange, having four slots the program of war housing which is instead of the usual three with stiffen still of major importance. ing bars between the slots. However, In this connection the substitution in spite of shorter slots there is more of antimonial lead for brass in drum allowable adjustment for bolts than trap covers and closet floor flanges is on the conventional pattern. This Drum trap with hard lead ring ttnd cover. of considerable importance. flange is easily soldered to the flared The drum trap cover and its threaded seating ring are die-cast of hard lead with a medium coarse thread and have proved to be worka ble and of sufficientlv large aperture to allow access fo; c,..-ailing if neces end of the lead bend in the same man ner as the brass flange. It can also be welded or `'burned" directly to the lead bend without the use of solder. Although each of these items re quires only a small amount of metal. architects and engineers can eflect sav ings of important amounts of brass bv specifying them consistently. In addi tion. jobs may be expedited by avoid ing the delay and uncertainty incident to obtaining brass fittings. sary. The ring is welded to the body of the trap instead of soldered, as was New and Broader implications for Lead Help to Conserve Scarce Materials "There is relatively more lead in relation to demand than there is copper, tin or zinc. Because of the desperate shortage of these ntetals, WPB now recommends that lead be substituted for these other critical metals wherever possible. This does not mean that we should try to use as much lead as possible. Substitution is the thing, not just consumption." Erwin Vogelsang, Chief, Tin and Lead Branch, War Production Board, October 21, 1942. Hard lead floor flanges. Below, flange soldered to lead bend. VER since the Bureau of Indus gories. First, there are many purposes E trial Conservation of the War for which lead is normally used to a Production Board several months agogreater or lesser extent in competition placed lead in the group of materials with other materials now critical, for available in sufficient quantity to be example, lead in plumbing. The more used as a substitute for more critical extensive use of lead now as service, materials, the WPB, Army and Navy soil, waste and vent pipe, flashings officials, as well as industry, have been and shower pans saves copper, brass, searching diligently for uses of lead zinc, iron and steel. In this class also that would relieve more critical ma falls the greater use of lead for sheet terials. Lead, incidentally, is the only metal work on buildings, such as flash common metal classified in the least ings and gravel stops. Lead-base critical group. Already considerable bearing alloys are rapidly supplanting progress has been made and more will tin-base alloys in ship construction, undoubtedly result as the country be diesel engines and manv other places. comes more fully aware of the current Lead-base die-casting alloys are sup availabilitv of lead. planting zinc-base alloys for many The use of lead to save critical purposes when high strength is not materials falls naturally into two cate- important but where good casting --4-- LIA25720 '</ s bv uldi. niddent to T, iW er as d. poses to a ition I. for more vice, lings 'rass. also -heet lashbase nting tion, aces. Slip* nanv * not sting qualities are. The lead-base alloys, in addition, are generally superior for corrosion resistance. Lead pipe and tank linings are tak ing the place of rubber in many in dustrial operations because of lead's corrosion resistance. Lead gaskets are. in many instances, proving superior to rubber gaskets used for a multitude of purposes. Lead collapsible tubes have largelv displaced those made of tin and aluminum, and lead foil lami nated wrappings are finding wide use to take the place of packages made of more critical materials. Lead coatings are saving much zinc. tin. cadmium and nickel, formerly used to protect iron and steel products. In the paint field, considerable sav ings of critical materials are also possible through wider use of lead pigments. For metal priming, red lead and blue lead can conserve zinc and chromium. For finish coats on metal and for wood painting, pure white lead paint eliminates the need for using zinc. In addition to the class of replace ments just described, some are en tirely. or almost entirely, new. Lead alloy name-plates, hard lead drum trap covers and rings, and water closet floor flanges have been developed to take the place of brass and are de scribed elsewhere in this issue. Lead alloy couplings are being employed in place of copper and bronze on cer tain types of cement-asbestos pipe. Lead foil is finding use as a wrapping in a number of new fields such as the rapidly growing dehydrated food in dustry. Metal parts for mechanical pencils are now being made of lead alloy. It is possible here to mention only a little of what is being done with lead to help relieve critical shortages of other materials, but this brief sum mary may help to suggest to others how they can use lead to aid the war effort. It is the duty of every industry, trade and government agency to em ploy the least critical materials that will do their jobs properly. If any one believes that he can use lead at the present time to save some of the highly critical materials, the Lead In dustries Association will be glad to assist with information and advice about the properties and uses of lead. Use of Lead Alloy for Identification Plates Releases Critical Metals for Mechanical Use OST of the machines and ma raised or incised letters in extremely M chine tools required in the fine detail. It can be stamped, bent, manufacture of our war materialanads plated and in general, finished the well as manv of the products them same as other materials. ^ ithout selves require plates for names, num special finish the silvery grev natural bers. operating instructions and other color makes raised letter faces show information. These plates have, in the up well against a black background. past, been made of brass, aluminum, This lead alloy has been approved for steel, and other metals which must name plates by the Army and Navy now be reserved for the operating and the Maritime Commission as a parts of the same machines. It has substitute for other metals which are become necessary to find a substitute critically scarce. It is being used by which will be durable enough to re such companies as General Electric main legible throughout the life of the Co.. Ingersoll-Rand. Bethlehem Steel machine and at the same time be in Co., and 'Other machinery manufac expensive and easy to obtain. turers. Such a substitute has been devel This developed use of lead is par oped bv the Colonial Brass Co. of ticularly interesting because it is of Middleboro. Massachusetts, who are a nature which would, "n superficial now making various types of plates consideration, he thought unsuitable. of the new material for many of their It is an excellent illustration of the long-time customers. It is a high lead intelligent application of materials at content alloy, malleable and corro hand to an emergency. It is also a sion resistant, which has proved to be particularlv satisfying application be entirely satisfactory and. at the same cause In this case the problem can be time, less expensive than most of the considered solved. It will not he materials previously used, it is es necessary to find a substitute for the pecially suitable for use in locations substitute because lead is available which are subject to exposure to salt in sufficient amounts to be useable water. as a substitute for more critical The new material can be cast with materials. & 8uAT CQRPq DECK SPACE -- CYL CAP INSPECTED BY SQ.FT IGLi FT METAL AM BOY. PHOTOS BY DAYTON' SNYDER Identification and instruction plates of lead alloy now being used to re place other more critical metals. These plates are 5% and 3fs inches long respectively. The material is equally adaptable to larger or smaller i gr* m 'V-ORTANT a--~ * 3 T E. L GHT OIL. i F AO FOP SERVICING IF POSSIBLE. 'SECiSlON SEARINGS rG GET BEST RESULTS. v E~ -'4CH OFFICE OR FACTORY t ."VMERClftL SEARINGS. :r- SFPlftL NO. plaques with any type of inscription. >: ma c h in e c o mp a n y W3Q CLSTER. MASS. ` - '5 JM7ED STATES OFAMEg/CAW. A LIA25721 War Housing Projects Use Lead in Increasing Quantities S the demand for housing in war full advantage of the fact that lead A industry areas continues, build materials are at hand for immediate ers are finding the ample supply ousfe. lead plumbing goods a real help in Another extensive housing opera carrying on their operations. Many tion includes two projects in Galves government financed projects as well ton, Texas. Here the bath tubs are as private operations are using in equipped with lead drum traps instead creasing amounts of lead in both sani of P-traps and all of the lead pipe and tary plumbing and water services. fittings are being installed according Local governmental agencies are to the code of the City of Galveston. cooperating with the war effort bv The builders of this project are also amending their codes to require com using lead water service pipe with pliance with the Emergency Plumbing wiped connections to the corporation Standards and the Defense Housing cock. Solder of 38 per cent tin content Critical List. An example of such an is available for this purpose and will amendment is one made by the State remain so at least until January 1, of Kentucky as follows: "All fixture 1943. according to the current amend traps except water closets or similar ment of the Tin Conservation Order fixtures shall be lead P-traps." Also. M-43-a. R. R. Rapp and Fred T. Staf "Water closet connections to soil pipe ford. both of Galveston, are the archi shall be lead, wiped to light weight tects for these projects. brass ferrules u ith brass floor flange.'' An excellent example of the effec This code change has been of im tiveness of private builders in supply mediate benefit to a large war housing ing needed housing exists in Rock project near Louisville, where over Island. Illinois, where 550 low-cost 1900 lead P-traps are being installed individual homes have been built this under sinks, lavatories, and baths. year. At present Dodge & Kruger, Laundry trays and slop sinks in this real estate developers, have nine addi project are also equipped with lead tional houses under construction. Here traps and all water closets are con all waste connections including sink nected with lead bends. This exten traps are of lead and both drum traps sive use of lead pipe plus the use of and closet bends are of extra heavy lead calking for soil lines and lead lead. Here, also, lead water service roof flashing for vent stacks indicates pipe is being used as well as lead that the architects, Ossian P. Ward calking for soil lines. and Colley and Hartstern, have taken These are but a few of the cases where lead is playing its part in the production of war housing. W hile it is of great advantage that lead is im mediately available so that construc tion may be speeded, of even greater importance is the fact that maximum sanitary safety is provided plus assur ance of permanent satisfactory service. An ample supply of first quality lead plumbing goods is available. The use of lead materials bearing the Lead Industries Association's Seal of Approval assures the user that the products conform to the rigid stand ards of the Lead Industries Associa tion which are currently identical to the Commercial Standards of the U. S. Department of Commerce as required bythe Emergency Plumbing Standards for Defense Housing. A group of plumbers with some of the lead work for a Galveston, Texas project. Traps and bends ready for installation in a Louisville. Kentucky project. LIA2 5 722 Painting in Winter-time arrange the work to follow the sun it will be found to be an advantage to MANY home owners will note the workmen as well as to the work. this fall that the paint on their Paint should not be applied when the houses is growing a little shabby. Pteemr perature is below the freezing haps they have been conscious that point. the paint has been neglected but have Cool weather makes paint dry more just not been able to get around to slowly so additional time must be doing anvthing about it. allowed between coats. Two weeks, or There is no reason why they must even more, is not too much to wait wait until next spring or summer be before applying a succeeding coat fore renewing the protection and the when temperatures are low. When to improvement in appearance to which proceed is a matter for the judgment every home is entitled. Actually there of the painter to decide. are many advantages to be gained by painting now before conditions get Workmanship any worse. In the first place, the fall clearing out of last summer's honey suckle. roses and other favorite climb ers has been done. Shrubs have been pruned back and flower beds are not subject to damage by ladders and trampling. There are no bugs and flys to stick on a freshly painted wall and the chances of discoloration by blow ing dust are small. In addition, many people believe that paint, like tires, wears better if it is "seasoned" in cold weather rather than having to stand the full heat of summer immediately after it is applied. There seems to be sound reason for this belief, since the ultra-violet rays in sunlight are less intense during the winter season. The application of paint is no more difficult in cold weather than in warm. Paint properly formulated for the conditions of application is easily ap plied but the workman must not allow the weather to influence him to become careless. Hasty application and in sufficient brushing-out will invite fu ture troubles. The painter should be warmly dressed so that he can work in comfort and give his entire attention and energy to his work. He should wear clean gloves and heavy warm footwear especially while working on ladders. So prepared, the painter will work under no physical handicap and will be able to turn out a perfectly workmanlike job. Weather Conditions Winter painting must be done with consideration for weather conditions but only a little extra care is required to produce entirely satisfactory re sults. Basically the weather require ments are the same as for summer painting. Painting should be done on a clear, dry day after several days of dry weather. Don't start the days work until night moisture or frost has been dissipated from the surface by the sun's heat and stop work before the temperature begins to drop rapidly. This may shorten the working day some, but it is important if failures are to be avoided. If it is possible to Materials and Mixing Painting materials for winter appli cation should be selected with special care and mixture formulas should be carefully adjusted to the surface to be painted, but no special or uncommon supplies or equipment are needed. A supply of white lead paste and linseed oil, together with the - usual tinting colors, thinner and driers will enable Buy WAR BONDS and STAMPS --7-- the experienced painter to mix paints adjusted perfectly to both weather and surface. The paint can well be mixed in the shop, using the same lead and oil pro portions as for warm weather paint ing. Low temperature has little effect on paint except to increase the vis cosity of the oil. This makes the paint stiff and hard to spread evenly. A natural impulse when this happens is to add more oil since it would seem that the addition of thinner would dilute the paint. However this is not the case and the addition of thinner is the proper procedure. The addition of a small additional amount of turpen tine or thinner serves to reduce the viscosity of the oil and bring the paint back to workable consistency. The thinner being volatile quickly evapo rates and leaves the film of lead and oil with all its tough weather resisting properties intact. The paint should be allowed to stand out of doors an hour or so before application so that it will be approximately the same temperature as the work. This will eliminate any tendency for the paint to "crawl" which may occur if the paint is ap preciably warmer than the surface to which it is applied. Good Weather Ahead The characteristics of pure white lead paint which make it so adaptable to special conditions are some of the painters most valuable tools. Know ing them, he can formulate his paint, adjust the mixture to any condition and be sure of lasting, satisfactory results. There will be many days yet this winter of clear, dry weather suita ble for successful painting. With white lead available in ample quanti ties they offer an excellent opportunity to protect investments in property. In these times, it is an obligation to keep homes in good repair in order that they may serve over a long period of time. LIA25723 Tile Flue Detail Calls for Lead Flashing Th* following articles and reprints contain information, drawings and specifications on the use of lead products helpful to architects, engineers and others in the construction industry. They are available, free of charge, upon request to the Lead Industries Association, 420 Lexington Avenue, New York City. WHAT TO EXPECT FROM WHITE LEAD PAINT An attractive 28-paee booklet with chart?, formulas, and mixing instructions cover ing some of the problems of painting and how white lead meets these problems. PAINTING YOUR HOUSE by Dr. F. L. Browne, Senior Chemist, Forests Products Laboratory, Madison, Wise. A discussion of house painting reprinted from American Forests. May, 1939. SOME PAINTING PROBLEMS AND THE ANSWERS By Dr. F. L. Browne, Senior Chemist, Forests Products Labora tory, Madison, W?isc. Reprinted from the National Real Estate Journal, Sept., 1939. STAMFORDS DOUBLE LIFETIME HOME A complete analysis of hard lead flashing, white lead paint, lead plumbing, plywood and red cedar Certigrade shingle details and installation methods. Reprinted from the American Builder, July, 1939. SHEET LEAD INSTALLATION DE TAILS A detailed analysis of the principles and application of lead flashing and sheet lead work for small homes. Reprinted from Sheet Metal Worker, June, 1939. DONT GAMBLE WITH PAINT An instructive article on the selection of paint for farm use reprinted from the March 1942 issue of Country Gentleman. BRUSH UP ON YOUR PAINTING A practical article on the selection and application of paint reprinted from House Beautiful, June, 1941. HOW LUMBER AND PAINT KEEP YOUR HOME ALWAYS IN STYLE A brief digest of the advantages of painted lumber homes with color-styling suggestions and other interesting information. LASTING LEADWORK IN MODERN PLUMBING By T. N. Thompson, Technical Editor, Plumbing and Heating Journal. Reprinted from Plumbing and Heating Journal. Feb,, 1939. COMMERCIAL STANDARDS: Calking Lead, CS94-41 Lead Pipe, CS95-41 Lead Traps and Bends, CS96-41 Official publications by the Government Printing Office of the above Commercial Standards as promulgated by the U. S. Department of Commerce through the National Bureau of Standards, effective June 25, 1941. WHITE LEAD PAINT FOR DEFENSE HOUSING Reprint from Bulletin of the Producers' Council including specifications and graphic mixing instructions for exterior and interior White Lead Paint. LEAD PLUMBING FOR DEFENSE HOUSING Reprint from Bulletin of the Producers' Council including information on the Emergency Plumbing Standards and the Defense Housing Critical List. HE Federal Public Housing Au Tthority has approved bell and spigot clav pipe for use as Hues in houses of demountable type construc tion. The installation must be firesafe, and weather-tight flashings must be provided. A detail has been issued showing construction and insulation as well as the flashing which is of 4-lb. sheet lead. The flues as of 6, 7 or 8-in. inside diameter as required by combustion conditions of the fuel to be used. The flashing is of conical shape and is to be extended up around the stack to w here it turns over the end of the pipe. A final joint of pipe with the bell inverted completes the flue and makes a thoroughly water-tight joint. The base of the flashing cone is welded or soldered to a sheet lead flange which extends out under the roofing material in the usual manner. Because of the conical construction, which is to provide insulating air space, this flashing must be made from sheet but it can be quickly cut out from easily drafted patterns adjusted to the slope of the roof. The air cell insulation and asbestos paper shown in the detail are to pro vide additional fire -afety in case the flue is kept hot over a long period of time. Lead is particularly adaptable to the flashing of a vitreous material. It is flexible and can be easily adapted to the unavoidable irregularities of the pipe. It can be dressed smoothly over the end of the pipe to receive the inverted bell. Also the flexibility of a lead flashing makes it easy to adapt to any slight irregularities in roof slope. Lead is highly resistant to at mospheric corrosion, including the effects of flue gases which makes it highly desirable for this use. Fortunately, lead is available in sufficient quantities to justify its use for flashing requirements for which it is generally approved by the Defense Housing Critical List. Detail of tile flue construction show ing lead flashing. CPON REQUEST, THE LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION WILL BE GLAD TO MAIL "LEAD" REGULARLY, FREE OF CHARGE, TO THOSE INTERESTED, AND WILL COOPERATE WITHOUT OBLIGATION IN THE SOLUTION OF YOUR LEAD PROBLEMS P1IHT1D IK U. S. A. BY PUBLISHB1S PUNTING COMPANY NEW YOIK CITY LIA25724