Document Z84qKx33Q3zynNb27yXn9bgoL

Hillhouse Site PO Box No 4 Thornton -Cleveleys Blackpool FY5 4QD Telephone: Cleveleys {STD Code 0253) 856161 Telex 67483 Icipiast Clvlys Imperial Chemical Industries PLC Dr Carol Stack Chemical Manufacturers' Association 2501 M Street NV WASHINGTON DC 20037 USA Hedical Department Your ref Our ref BB/MO Tel ext 332 Date 8 Nov 84 Dear Carol, Thank you very much for meeting me in Washington and for giving me so much of your time. When we met, I promised to send you a copy of the UK VCM Code of Practice and the Guidance Note which goes with the Code of Practice, and the document "VCM and you", which is a document which will be given to each worker who works with VCM. The first two documents will be issued in the near future and, it is believed, in the present format. The latter document, "VCM and you", I anticipate will be altered, though the information will be in a similar vein. The changes I anticipate are on page 2, and the words, 'similar to Banti's Syndrome' will be removed, and on the penultimate page, health checks will not be offered to individuals if they cease to become a Registered worker. (In my area, we do offer medical examinations to individuals who remain within the Site perimeters, even though they are not registered. I am the only Works in the UK that offers this service). I am also enclosing, as promised, the IOM Vinatex full and published report, along with Geoff Paddle's critique for you to use in any way you see fit. I would like to mention the various surveys which are ongoing in the world at present with reference to VCM. I did mention these when we 6poke, but feel it might -be better to detail these for your information : 1) c.m.a/ I have written to Sir Richard Doll, asking about the possibility of he himself reviewing all the epidemiological data base, in order to perform a critical review for industry. I will forward the reply when I receive it. 2) Sir Richard Doll and myself are in the process of writing a Paper for publication with reference to the ASL Register. We are being helped by David Forman, who works for Sir Richard Doll, and therefore his name will go on the Paper. I myself have insisted that John Stafford's name should also be included. /Over Pn-ii.nrt Nn 71 Rr7 1 0 Off i<- -- Hoojtf. Mi 11 bonk. LoncJon SWT P 3JF- HH 2004 (XNTENTS CUE OF PRACTICE Notice of Approval - . Preface Citation and t'l'juumn^mn if-. (Regulation X) Interpretation. (Regulation 2) Duties under these Regulations. (Regulation 3) Prohibition relating to certain substances. (Regulation 4) Application of Regulations 6 to 12. (Regulation 5) Assessment of health risks created by substances hazardous to health. (Regulation 6) Control of exposure to substances hazardous to health. (Regulation 7) Use of control measures etc. (Regulation 8) Maintenance of control measures etc. (Regulation 9) Monitoring at the workplace. (Regulation 10) Health surveillance. (Regulation 11) Information, instruction and training for employees who nay be exposed to substances hazardous to health. (Regulation 12) Page 4 5 6 6-7 8 9 9' 10-11 11-14 14 14-15 15-18 18-21 21-22 Schedule 1 Schedule 3 Appendix 1 /' Characteristic properties' of certain substances hazardous to health. drcmstances in which respiratory protective equipment must he approved or conform to an approved standard. Complete copy of the draft regulations. 23-24 25 26-53 see 3 Notice of approval of the Code of Practice for the Control of Vinyl Chloride at Vtork by the Health and Safety Ccrnsissloo By virtue of Section 16(1) of the Heal 11 and Safety an Work etc. Act 1974 ard with the . consent of the Secretary of State for' Employment tfe Health and Safecv Conndssion has on ............................... L98approved the Code of Practice entitled 'Control of Vinyl Chloride at Work . The Code of Practice gives practical guidance with respect to the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 198- (SI 196- No ....) and section 30 of the Factories Act 1961 where persons:- (1) are ecployed in works in which vinyl chloride is produced, redallied, stored, discharged into containers, transported or used in any way whatsoever or In which vinyl chloride " is converted _ into vinyl chloride polymers, and (2) are likely to be affected by exposure to vinyl chloride In a working area. Tie Code of Practice em*** into effect an .................................... 19&-. Signed Secretary to the Health 6 Safety Camission .............................. ..........198-. 4 ---1" >7 Preface 1. This Code of Practice has been drawn up cn the basis of Joint discussions between representatives of the Confederation of British Industry, the Trades Union Congress and the Health and Safety Executive under the auspices of the Health and Safety Conmission *s Advisory Comnittee cn Toxic Substances. 2. The Code has been approved by the Health and Safety Cccmission, with the consent of the Secretary of State, urder Section 16 of the Health and Safety at Work etc* Act 1974 for the purpose of providing practical guidance with respect to the provisions of the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 196-- (SI 198- No ....) there persons;-- (1) are employed in works in which vinyl chloride is produced, reclaimed, stored, discharged into containers, transported or used in any way whatsoever or in which vinyl chloride is converted into vinyl chloride polymers, and (2) are likely to be affected by exposure to vinyl chloride in a working area. 3. This Approved Code of Practice gives guidance on the requirements of the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 198- with regard to vinyl chloride Including acceptable methods of meeting those requirements. The Control of Substances Hazardous to Itealth Regulations 198- and this Approved Code of Practice give effect to the Directive of the Council of the European Cooci.ird.ties (78/610/EEC) on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of Meaber States for the protection of the health of workers occupationally ocposed to vinyl chloride ncnceer. 4. Although failure to comply with any provision of this Code is not in itself an offeree, that fad-lure may be ised in criminal proceedings as evidence that a person has contravened a Regulation to which the provision relates* In such a case, howev-, it will be open to that person to satisfy the courts that he has complied with the Regulation in seme other way. 5. Words and expressions vhich are defined in the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 or in the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 198have the gan** meaning in this Code unless the context requires otherwise. 6. Each section of the Code gives practical guidance on a specific Regulation, the renter, title and content of which appear at the heading of each eecticn. oLu. 4 - r, 7 4 5 Citation and cocaaencenent Regulation 1 These Regulations may be cited as the Control of Substances Hazardous to Ifealtr Regulations 19&- and shall cans into operation on ( 19&-). Interpretation . Regulation. 2 (1) In these Regulations, unless the context otherwise requires - '`the 1974 Act" means the Health and Safety at Work etc* Act 1974(&); "adequate" means adequate having regard only to the nature of the substarce and the nature and degree of exposure to rahstances hazardous to health; and adequately shall he <*>< uw< accordingly; "approved" moans approved for the time being in writing by the Health and Safety Executive or the Health and Safety Cannlssion as the case may be; "approved list" means the list published by the Health and Safety CcmoLsalon entitled "Information Approved for the Classification, Parkaging and iahwl-Ung Itaqgercus Substances" as revised or re-issued from rime to time; "characteristic properties" means the properties of a substance described in mltim 2 of Part I of Schedule 1 in accordance, there applicable, with the criteria set cut in Part II of that Schedule; "fuaigaticn" an opMJMtinn in which a substance in the form of a gas, vapour or fuse is released into the atmosphere to control or Id11 pests or other undesirable organisms and "faalgate" and "fumigant" shall be construed accordingly; IubD pathogen" n^awnB an nrganllan tO fans* frinun disease; "substance" neans any natural or artificial substance whether in solid or liquid form or in the form of a gas or vapour and includes any taman pathogen; "substance hazardous to health" means (a) a substance which is Mt-wd in Part IA of the approved list as dangerous for supply within the meaning of the Classification, Packaging and labelling Regulations 1984'^ and for which any indicaticxi of general nature of tide is specified as very toxic, teede, harmful, corrosive or irritant or any other substance not so listed which by reason of its characteristic properties creates a risk to the health of any person; (a) 1974 -c.37. (b) S*l. 1984/- 6 4 "r A h. (b) a tunsn pathogen; (c) dust of any kind, when present at a substantial, concentration in air; and (d) any other substance arising in the course of work, to which a person nay be exposed and which nay create a risk to tte health of that person which is muHidhlp to the ride to health created by substances to which sub-paragraph (a) above applies. (2) In these Regulations, ary reference to an employee he-tng exposed to a aibstance hazardous to health is a reference to the exposure of that enployee to a substance hazardous to health arising from or in connection with wsrk which Is being unrfertaken by Ms enployer. ,, (3) In these Regulations, unless the context otherwise requires - (a) a reference to a ushered Regulation or Schedule is a reference to the Regulation of, or Schedule to, these Regulations so tufcered; (b) a reference to a numbered paragraph is a reference to the paragraph so nattered in the Regulation or Schedule in which that reference appears. 1. Certain words and expressions are defined in the Regulations and in Section 53 of tie Health and Safety at Vfork etc. Act 1974 and such terms have the sane meaning in this Code unless the context clearly requires otherwise. 2. The following additional definitions apply in this Code:- (1) "Working area" means a section of a works with defined boundaries, which may comprise one or more workplaces, and which is characterised by the fact that within it at individual worker spends Irregular periods of time at various work places in the course of Ms duty or duties, that die length of tine spent at these individual work places cannot be more closely defined and that further sub-division of the worldng area into smaller units is not reasonably practicable; (2) The "Annual Control Limit" means the value *Mch should not be exceeded by the arithmetic mean concentration, averaged with respect to time, of vinyl chloride in the atnnsphere to which workers in a working area are likely to be exposed, tie reference period being one year and account being taken / only of the concentrations measured during the periods the plant is In operation Including, where necessary, maintenance time and of the duration of such periods; (3) "Registered worker" means any worker identified under the assessment procedure of Regulation 6 as likely to be affected by occupational exposure to vinyl chloride. (4) "Confined space" includes any chanter, tank, vat, pit pipe, flue or similar confined space such as, for example, a reactor, duct, or bunker in which vinyl chloride vapour is present, is known to have been present or is liable to be present. i a-o74 Duties under these RagulaHmc { Regulation 3 (1) Where any duty is placed by these Regulations on an enployer in respect of his employees, he shall, so far as is reasonably practicable, be urxier e like duty in respect of any other person who nay be affected by tte work activity carried on by the aiployer, Aether at work or not, except that the duties of the employer - (a) under Regulation 11 (health surveillance) shall not rrtm* to person? who are not his aplqyees; <and (b) under Regulations 10 and 12 (which relate respectively to nmitorit^ and lnfeB.iMt.ioQ, trainirg etc) Aall not extend to refsocs whs are nst Ms enployees unless those persons are on the premises Aere the work 1s belrg carried oa* (2) These Regulations shall apply to a self~-eiq>loyed person as they apply to an employer and an eoployee and as if that self-employed person were both the explnyer and the exployee, except that Regulations 9(2), 10(2), 11(1), 11(3) to (6) shall not apply Co a aelf-aiplqyed person. (3) Duties wder these Regulations iwpnrmd upon the employer Aa.ll also be imposed upon the manager of a mine (within the meaning of Section 180 of die Mines and Quarries .Act 1954^) in so far as those duties relate to the pHup of tfdch he Is the manager and to Betters under Ms control. 3* The Regulations place specific duties on employers, self-employed persons and employees and are in addition to general duties under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act, under other health and safety legislation and under statutory requirements relating to other topics. Action taken to comply with the Regulations should have regard to other legislation ALch may apply. 4. Every employer is required to amply with all the Regulations in order to protect Ms employees. 5. Where an employee of one employer works at another employer's premises both etployers will have duties imder the Regulations. In maty cases cooperation and collaboration between employers will be necessary to ensure that these duties axe fulfilled. 6. Regulation 3 requires a eelf-xployed persen to comply with the Begulatitxis for his own protection and for the protection of others. 7. An employee Ms a duty under s.7 of the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 to eisure Ms own health and that of other persons Ao may be affected by Ms acts or emissions at work. Ite oust also cooperate with his employer so far as tMs is necessary to enable the employer to meet the enployer'e obligations. Regulation 8(2) requires employees to make full and proper use of any control measures, etc and to report defects. Regulation 11(1) of these Regulations requires an employee to attend for mailcal examinations and to furnish reasonable information about his health. (a) 1954 c.70. PrehlMtlocs relating to certain r Regulation A 8* This Regulation does not apply to vinyl chloride as tte nanufacture arvd use of this substance is rut prohibited. >. Application of Regulations 6 to 12 Regulation 5 (1) Regulations 6 to 12 shall have effect with a view to protecting persons against ri As to their health, whether lsnedlate or delayed, arising frees exposure to substances hazardous to health except ~ (s) tilers sad to the extent that the folloudqg Regulations apply, namely (i) +the Asbestos Regulations 1969^a^t (ii) *the fVml Hines (Respirable Dust) Regulations 1975^\ (ill) the Cootrol of Lead at Work Regulations 1930^c^ (b) where the substance is hazardous to health solely by virtue of its radioactive, explosive or flanmahle properties, or solely because It is at a high or low teoferature or a high pressure; (c) where the rLric to health is caused by a hiiam pathogenic agent and arises directly frtm a persou suffering from a axmunicable disease; (d) where the risk to health is a ride to the health of a person to \faxi the substaace is administered in die course of his medical treatment. (2) In paragraph 1(d) "medical treatmmt" means pfiHral or dental erandnaticri or treatment <-k in pursuance of a request or requirement for such examlnatioa or treatment made by a fully or provisicnally registered Tnrxl-ir-al or dental practitioner or ease other suitably qualified person and Includes any such eianiinatioQ or treatment conducted for the purposes of research. (3) Nothing in these Regulations shall prejudice any requlrmpfir InyoseH by or under any enactment relating to public health or the protection of the wwri i iniwnt-. /" (a) S.I. 1969/690 (b) S.I. 1975/1433, azenled ty S.I 1978/807 (c) S.I. 1980/1248 + these regulations are to be replaced by the Control of Asbestos at Vfork Regulations 196--. * not respirable dust regulations are proposed under Hines and Quarries legislation: they will deal with respirable dust In all mines. The execpclcn for respirable dust in coal mines will need to be extended accordingly. :-JC 4-0749 9 Assessment of health risks created by eubgranreR hazardous to lvalt-h Regulation 6 (1) An estployer shall rot carry on any writ which may any eaployee tf any substance hazardoiB to health unl^ he has maA* an adequate assessmzn of the risks created by the substance to the health of those eiployecs. (2) Without prejudice to the generality of paragraph (1), that assessed shall - (a) identify the nature of the substance and of the risk to health tc which enployees may be exposed and the nature and degree of exposure which may *wih- during the course of the work; mrf (b) set out the steps to be taken in accordance with these Regulations to avoid those rides to health. (3) Where work which say expose any enplcyee to substances hazardous to health was canostced before the coming into operation of these Regulations or within six months after that date, it shall be a sufficient compliance with paragraph (1) If the responsible person tmlofi the assessmait required by that paragraph within six months after the date of crating into operation of these ftpgiTgH roc. (4) The assessnent required by paragraph (1) shall be revised forthwith and a nor assessnent substituted where - (a) there is evidence to suspect that the assessment is no longer valid, or (b) there has been a significant change in the wzk to which the awMiHif relates. 9. Assessaait of occupational exposure to substances hazardous to health is a prerequisite for deciding what action is necessary for the control of that exposure under Regulation 9. During the assessment, sufficient basic information should be obtained or will be available to arable an Informed judgemmt to be made <n the nature and degree of that exposure. An initial assessment should be made before work involving vinyl chloride begins and validated afterwards where necessary. 10. The exposure to vinyl chloride which diould be considered by the enployer is that of - (a) his employees ergaged upon work with vinyl chloride and other of his enployees vho could be affected by the vrork activity; (b) persons at tts premises or place of work who are not his enployees but who are, or nay be, exposed to vinyl chloride, e.g. contractors maintaining plant; (c) other persons who may be affected by the work activity, e.g. persons living near the workplace who may be affected by emissions or discharges from the workplace. 11. The employer should ensure that whoever carries out the assessment is competent for the purpose and has received adequate Information, instruction and training. The self-employed person should either carry out the assessmmt himself of ergage a person to do it on his behalf. i **"07 `) 10 12. In obtaining information cn the degree of exposure, the person carrying out the assessmoit should consider the pattern of exposure, its frequency, duration 3rd variations and should , take into account the possibility of unusual dConstances such as breakdown of equipment or emergencies; 13. The data on the nature and degree of exposure should be used for deciding cn appropriate action under each of the Regulations relating to information, instruction and train: ig, control, personal protective equipraait, use and maintenance of control measures, mitering, records and health surveillance. 14. The results of the assessment should be recorded in writing and a copy provide! on request at any time during working hours to eaployees and/or their representatives at the place of work. 15. The assessmsit should be revised vtenever there is any evidence or reason to suspect that It is no longer valid, as a result of, for example - (a) a significant diange in the work activity; this could be a change in material, plant, processes or methods of work that might affect the nature or degree of exposure, such as the raising of process temperatures, changes in the form" of substance or changes in gigineeting controls; . (b) monitoring at die work place revealing an Increase in exposure; (c) health surveillance; (d) new information cn health risks. Control of exposure to substances hazardous to health Regulation 7 (1) Every employer shall ensure that the exposure of Ms employees to hazardous ' to health is either prevented or adequately controlled, having regard in particular to any control limit which the Health and Safety CcnmLssion has approved for that substance. (2) Prevention or adequate control of exposure under paragraph (1) shall be secured, so far as is reasonably practicable, by means other than the provision of personal protective equipment. <3) Where the measures taken in accordance with paragraph (2) do not prevent, or provide adequate control of, exposure to substances hazardous to health of employees cn the premises at vrtrich the wrk Is being carried cn, then, in addition to taking those measures, the employer shall provide those employees with such suitable personal protective equipment as will adequately control their exposure to substances hazardous to health. (4) Where the personal protective equipment provided in accordance with paragraph (3) Includes respiratory protective equlpmait and that respiratory protective equipment is provided for use in any of the cLrcuDStareaes set out in Schedule 3, then it shall be of a type a^iroved or shall conform to a standard approved, in either case, by the Health and Safety Executive in respect of those Mramstaoces. (5) Nothing in this Regulation shall prejudice the requiranants of Secd.cn 55 of the Mines and Quarries Act^) and in particular the requirements of subsection (2)(a) of that section. (a) 1954 c.70. b L. L 16. Control should be considered adequate when exposure to vinyl chloride Is kept within the Control Limits and as far below than as is reasonably practicable i Che particular circumstances. 17. The annual Control Limit for vinyl chloride vapour in air is 3 ppm arc! is ch value which should not be exceeded by tie mean concentration, averaged with respect to time, of vinyl chloride ccnomer in the atmosphere of a working area. Only period: of plant operation including, there necessary, any maintenance tine should be taker into accouit. This annual Control Limit is supplemented by an 8 hour tLsne weighted average (TVft) Control Limit of 7 ppm vhich relates to personal exposure with the proviso that over the period of a year the exposure of an individual should rat exceed the annual Control Limit. 18. The objective in applying material, plant and process control measures is to ensure the adequate control of exposure without recourse to personal protective equipment as far as is reasonably practicable. Control of exposure should be achieved by eigineering controls as far as is reasonably practicable in the light of current madical and technical knowledge and the circumstances of use. 19. Irrespective of the size of plant, tie following control measures relating to materials, plant and processes should be applied where reasonably practicable to prevent the exposure of personnel to vinyl chloride (1) the design, Installation, operation and maintenance of plant and processes should eliminate or wfnfndsg the risk of leakages of vinyl chloride fran any pert of plant Into the working environment; (2) plant from vhich there is a likelihood that emissions may occur shxild preferably be sited in the open air. If this is not reasonably practicable, good gsieral veitilaticn should be provided in rcass and buildings In vhich processes Involving vinyl chloride are undertaken; (3) the design and operation of plant and processes should minimise the need for maintenance or ocher work requiring the breaching and/or entry of plant In which vinyl chloride is liable to be present; (A) local exhaust ventilation systems should be provided at parts of plant where process or maintenance operations are undertaken by employees during which emissions of vinyl chloride may occur or which involve entry into confined spaces vhere vinyl chloride may be present; (5) exhaust veicilation should be provided at known points of persistent emission of vinyl chloride vapour fran plant where these Cairo: be eliminated by other technical measures; (6) adequate venting arrangements sJould be provided for ensuring that exhaust gases and vapour mixtures displaced from storage and process vessels during purging and filling or fran plant by the operation of pressure relief devices do not contaminate the working atmosphere nor any neighbouring locations there work is in progress. Such arranganencs oust conform to the requirements of Hd IndiBtrlal Air Pollution Inspectorate in relation to the dispersal of emissions; ' 20, Any failure or calfunction of a part of the plant or apparatus or any other occurrence chat gives rise to, or is liable to give rise to, abnormal increases in the concentration of vinyl chloride in the working envirornent should be reported, investigated and remedied without delay. 12 see 4 -07? 21. In order to detect abnormal Increases In the concentration of vinyl chloride in the working environment, a monitoring system suitable for this purpose should be provided in places there aich increases may occur. Similar precautions should be taken during periods of plant maintenance. The following concentrations of vinyl chloride in the atmosphere of a working area should be treatad as alarm levels, signalling the need for remedial action (1) 15 ppra vhen measured ever a period of 1 hour, or (2) 20 ppm vtiai reassured over a period of 2D minutes, or (3) 30 when measured over a period of 2 minutes. 22; Following sn alarm, adequate and suitable respiratory protective equipment diould be worn by arty person remaining in the area until the alarm situation has disappeared. 23. Where the exposure of personnel to airborne concentrations of vinyl chloride is liable to exceed the 8 hour TWA Control limit and the provision of further control measures for materials, plant aid processes is not reasonably practicable, workers should be provided with adequate and suitable respiratory protective equipment for use In the airborne concentrations of vinyl chloride to which they are liable to be exposed. 24. The term 'adequate* with respect to respiratory protective equipment refers to the ability of the equipment to protect the waarer; 'suitable' refers to the correct matching of the equipment to the job and the person. To be considered adequate and suitable, respiratory protective equipment nust be correctly selected and used. In the case of vinyl chloride this means compressed air line or self-contained breathing apparatus of a type approved by or conforming to a standard approved by the Health and Safety Executive. 25. Adequate and suitable respiratory protective equipment oust be vrom:- (1) by any person remaining in a working area vhere exposure is liable to exceed the 8 hour TWA Control Limit, eg to check for and eliminate leakage, following an alarm as a result of abnormal Increases in the concentration of airborne vinyl chloride due to failure or malfunction of plant not withstanding the requirements of paragraph 22. (2) when opening equifjosnt which may release appreciable quantities of vinyl chloride to the atmosphere, eg during the maintenance or repair of equipment and when it is not reasonably practicable to remove the vapewr by local exhaust ventilation. No such operation wuld be conducted without a permit-to-work issued by a responsible person designated by the employer for this purpose. Precautions should be taken to ensure that other unprotected personnel in the vicinity are not liable to be exposed to concentrations of vinyl chloride above the 8 hour TWA Control limit following release;3 (3) during eitry into confined spaces where concentrations of vinyl chloride in air are above the 8 hour TWA Control limit or in which the atmosphere is, or is liable to become, deficient in oxygen to an extent which is likely to be injurious to health. 26. Under normal dtcvnetances, where vinyl chloride is present within reliable enclosed plant, there wsy be no need for the wearing of special protective clothing by process workers. However, certain circonstances, such as entry into confined spaces or some maintenance work, may require the use of special protective clothing. Such situations should be Identified as pert of the general assessmait. The standard of clothiqg necessary will deperxj upon the nature and degree of exposure. K1 ^ .. ^ ^ ii 27. Plant should be designed and operated so that the nnher of occasions on which vessel las to be oxtered is reduced to the grinimn and the actual riw spent inside oq such occasions should be kept as short as possible. 28. Before a person enters a confined space for any purpose, precautions should be taken to reduce and maintain the airborne concentration of vinyl chloride inside the space as low as Is practicable. Concentrations of vinyl chloride should be measured by a ail table analytical method. 29. In order to reduce the potential diort-term aid long-term risks, entry into a confined space should be controlled by a penrvi t-to-work system. A permit-to-work issued to any perscn should specify, anting ocher things, the type aid standard of personal protective equipment to be worn. X* Except when the level of vinyl chloride vapour is below the 8 hour TWA Control Limit and will remain so during the period of entry and/or when the atmosphere is not deficient In oxygen, adequate and suitable respiratory protective equipment mist be worn. Any permit-to-work vhich allows a person to enter a confixed space without adequate aid suitable respiratory protective equipment should state clearly that the person Issuing tie permit-to-work Is satisfied that the concentration of vinyl chloride in air Is below, and will remain below, the 8 hour TWA Control Limit during the period of entry and that In the light of the measures taken he does not foresee any drcimstances in which the person entering the vessel may be exposed to concentrations of vinyl chloride in access of that limit, le all sources of vapour which night enter the confined space have beat effectively Isolated. Pee of control measures, etc Regulation 8 (1) Every expltyer who provides any control measure, personal protective oqiiljTOpnr or other Hrfng or facility pursuant to these Regulations shall warn* chat it Is properly used or applied as the case may be. (2) Every explqyee full and proper use of any control measure, por-KTfmi protective equlpooH or other thing or facility provided pursuant to these Regulations and If he discovers any defect therein he shall report it forthwith to his employer. 31. Procedures eiiould be established for ensuring that control measures, personal protective equipment and any other thing or facility are properly used or applied. Employees ^xxild use tte control measures in the way they are intended to be used. Maintenance of control measures etc* 1 2 Regulation 9 (1) Every explqyer who provides any control measure, personal protective pqiHpTntf or thing or facility pursuant to these Regulations shall ensure that It Is ma-Cnt-^iwd in an efficient state, in efficient vmddng order and good repair. (2) Every mployer shall, where appropriate, keep a mil table record of wrk carried out in accordance with paragraph (1) and that record shall be kept for two years from the date oq which it was made. 14 SC 4-07 q 32. AH plant, especially that frcm which vinyl chloride nay escape or which is provided for the purpose of controlling exposure to vinyl chloride, should be maintained to a high standard in order to Unit the ecposjre of workers to vinyl chloride. Where ventilation plant is provided in pursuance of Regulation 7, maintenance should include a visual check at least once per week to identify obvious defects and a thorough examination and test by a competent perscxi at least cnce a year. 33. Maintenance procedures should also include regular and thorough examinations by a competent person at appropriate intervals of those parts of plant or apparatus at which leakages of vinyl chloride are likely to develop over a period of tine. A suitable instmuait giving a direct read-out of the concentration of vinyl chloride In air should be used - for- leak detection during such examinations. Regular examinations and tests should also be made of all ventilation equipment and other technical control measures by a competent person, islng Instruments where appropriate to check the performance of such equipcnsit 34. All personal protective equipment should be maintained in a clean state, in good repair and in efficient woridng order. It should be inspects! on a regular basis, defects Identified and remedied jjmedlately. The maintenance schedules for respiratory protective equipoait should include the source of compressed air in the case of compressed air line or self-contained breathing apparatus. The supplied air should contain not more than 5 ppm of carbon nmoxlde or 500 ppm carbon dioxide or 0.5 ng or^ oil mist and, except for these, should be free from oontanrinatlcci by dust, dirt, metallic particles or any other toxic or irritant substances. The maintenance schedules should also include the air line, particularly the connections, and proper cleaning and reissue of equipment. 35. No respiratory protective equipment which has been used should be worn again by another person unless It has beat thoroughly cleaned and disinfected. 36. Records of maintenance and inspection of respiratory protective equipment shxild include the following information: - (a) name and description of equlpmsit (b) person Issued to, if an personal issue; (c) date of inspection; (d) description ctf any defect foirrf and action takoi; /' ` (e) nans, signature and appointment of person making Inspection. Monitoring at the workplace Regulation 10 10. (1) Where It is requisite for protecting the health of employees, the enplcyer shall - (a) have adequate monitoring procedures for monitoring the exposure of hs employees to substances hazardous to health at the premises where the work Is carried on; and (b) monitor that exposure in accordance with those procedures. (2) The employer shall keep a suitable record of any monitoring carried cut in accordance with paragraph (1) and that record or a suitable gjmary thereof shall be kept for 30 years from the date on which it was made. a - '7; 7 c, = IS 37. Routine atmospheric sampling for vinyl chloride should be carried out in order to estimate the exposure of individuals, including any maintenance workers, and to monitor the ef fectivaiess of material, plant and process controls. 38. The objectives of monitoring concentrations of airborre vinyl chloride in working areas are:* (1) to verify that any technical measures provided are controlling exposure of persons to vinyl chloride to the Control Limits and as far below than as is reasonably practicable; (2) to detect any abnormal increases in vinyl chloride-irrair levels occurring as a result of the failure cc nalfuntion of soma part of tbe plant or apparatus with reference to the short term alarm levels for vinyl chloride; (3) to provide adequate records of the exposure of individuals for the purpose of epidemiology. 39. The arrangeasts for nrrdCoring require careful planning to achieve effective and efficient tse of resources. A formal air ncnicoring plan should be drawn up ard made known to all employees working in areas where vinyl chloride is liable to be present. The plan should contain details of die air ncoitoring procedures and equipment that are to be used to msec the objectives stated above, including details of (a) the parts of plant, working areas and occupational groups of employees to be monitored; (b) the type of air sampling to be carried out in each of these cases, ie personal air sampling and/or fixed point air sampling; (c) the frequency of air sampling and the siting of air sampling equijxaant so that the results obtained accurately reflect the cenditions to which personnel are likely to be exposed; (d) the types of sampling and analytical equipment to be used; (e) arrangqnmts for the testing and calibration of sampling and analytical equipment; (f) the statistical analysis and presentation of the air sampling results. / The information obtained from the initial and any subsequent assessments should be used when planning or revising the details of the monitoring procedures. 40. Static sampling will be the main method used routinely for assessing compliance with the annual Control Lindt and detection of alarm levels. In order to assess compliance with the 8 hxir TV& Control Limit, personal mcnitoring will be necessary. 41. Static sampling tray be either by discontinuous or ccntinucusly operating systems, except at enclosed vinyl chloride polymerisation plants where continuous or permanent sequential methods nust be used.42 42. Where discontinuous air sampling techniques are used, the frequency of measurements and timber per year should be sufficient to be able to predict with a statistical confidence coefficient of at least 95% that there is ccrapliance with the annual Control Lindt, in other words that the Control Lindt value falls above the upper 952 confidence limit for the true annual arithmetic mean for the working area. The required frequency will thus depend upon the variability of concentrations with time. 4 16 43. Where vinyl chloride is handled intermittently, monitoring of exposures by personal sampling should be done sufficiently oftei to ensure that the technical control measures and working procedures adopted are adequate to keep exposure below the Control Limits. 44. Large working area will normally require more than one monitoring point and in sach cases the average value of the measurements recorded should be considered as the representative value when assessing compliance with the annual Control Limit. 45. The results of all atmospheric nmitoring ac fixed points should be available for inspection by personnel working in areas where vinyl chloride is liable to be present and their representatives at any time during a working period. Were continuously operating nulti-point sequential sampling methods are enployed, tte results should be displayed within two hours of the end of each shift Ramping. Where discontinuous methods and/or personal monitoring are used, the results should be displayed within 24 hours of completion of the sampling period. All results should continue to be displayed for at least two days. 46. Records of maintenance and nmitoring should provide sufficient information to enable employers, self employed persons, persons in control of premises, employees and/or their representatives at the workplace, and enforcing authorities tot- (a) ascertain tftether maintenance or nmitoring has been done and completed; (b) nerdtor the performance or effectiveness of the measures takm to control exposure; (c) gain access to information cn any defects or natters requiring attention and on the remedial action taken; (d) identify exposure trends. 47. - The records should contain at least the following infonnation:- (1) Leakages of vinyl chloride (a) description of area or plant covered by inspection; (b) date of inspection; (c) ting of shift; (d) statemait of the defects or leaks fomd that might result in exposure to vinyl chloride vapour above the 8 hour TWA Control Limit or alarm levels; (e) indication of action taken following discovery of fault; (f) name, signature and appointment of person asking inspection. (2) Examinations of ventilation equipment (a) location and type of plant; (b) date of examination; (c) results of instrunait readings; (d) defects noted; (e) name, signature and appointoEnt of person making examination. (3) Excursions above the alarm levels as detected during area apnitoring (a) part of factory to vhich tte record refers; (b) precise location within the factory; (c) date, time and (wtere known) duration; (d) Hu*--(ttign and Mmp weighted average concentrations recorded; (f) result of investigation; (g) action taken; (h) name, signature and appointment of person making inspection. (4) Personal monitoring The results of personal monitoring, which duxild include name of employee, date, time and duration of exposure, time weighted average concentrations recorded and precise location within the factory, should be summarised on a monthly basis by job category in each plant in addition to shift results. 48. In the areas where continuously operating mold-point sequential sampling and analysing equipment is Installed, results should be summarised cn a shift basis for each identifiable working area showing the average concentration In that area. Basic details of the position and number of sampling points together with the frequency of sampling and analytical methods used should be Included at the beginning of the series of records and thereafter need oily be recorded when changes occur in the monitoring procedure. 49. In those working areas where sampling Is not carried out cn each shift, the time weighted average results should be recorded and summarised an a monthly basis showing the average concentration at each location with an analysis of the distribution of the results. 50. If respiratory protective equipment is worn by any personnel during air mcnltoring exercises, this should be recorded together with the nature and nominal efficiency of die equipmmt to stable an estimate of the 'actual' exposure to be made. 51. Records may be kept In any suitable form, including microfilm, computer or trirrrilar techniques, provided that ttey satisfy the foregoing requiremavts and can be retrieved readily when required. 52. Records of air monitoring and of the type and duration of work by registered workers should be kept for at least X years. Air monitoring results may be kept in the form of monthly sunmaries, but in this case the detailed shift records cn which they are based should be kept for at least 1 year. Other records of leakages of vinyl chloride, examination of ventilation equipment and inspection of respiracory protective equipment should be kept for at least 2 years. Health surveillance Regulation 11 11 (1) Every employer shall ensure that an adequate occupational health record relating to each of his employees is exposed to a substance hazardais to health is mrtntalnpd and that record or a copy thereof is kept for at least X years from the date of the last entry made in it. ia (2) Wiere it is requisite for protecting the health of enployees wha are or are liable to be exposed to a subetarxae hazardous to health, the enployer shall enaire that such enployees are under adequate and adtpKU health mu wlllanrr which shall, in appropriate cases, ire-i.A nodical ftmreillance trader the supervision of an enploynmt --*Hr*l adviser or appointed doctor* (3) An raployee to whom thLs Regulation applies shall, when required by his enpityer and at the cost of the enployer, present himself during Ms workirg hours for such oBodiiatian *nri tests as nay be required for the purposes of paragraph (2) and shall furnish the person conducting the health surveillance with such information aracemirg his health as that perstra may reasonably require. (4) Where health surveillance is carried out cn the premises of the enployer, the enployer shall ensure that adtable factli Hps are aA> available for the purpose. (5) On reasonable notice being given, the enployer shall allow ary of t8 enployees access to the <wnpwHrral health record which relates to Hn, , (6) Where an employee has been cqned to a substance hazardous to health and an employment medical adviser or appointed doctor has certified by an entry In Mj health record that medical surveillance dvuld be contlmed after his exposure to that substance has ceased, the enployer shall ensure that the surveillance of that employee is continued In accordance with that entry while he is mployed by the employer or unless that cutty has been cancelled by an esploymect adviser or appointed doctor. (7) An mtry in the health record code in accordance with paragraph (6) may specify the nature and frequency of the wwdieal surveillance required and the period for which it is to be continued. (8) Where an explqyee is liable to be eipnaed to any substance hazardous to health referred to In Schedule 4 an eaployment adviser or appointed doctor has certified in the health regard of that aployee that In his professional opinion that employee should not be exgaged in wrk which cqxxws him to that substaree or that he should only be so engaged under conditions specified In the record, the enployer shall not permit the oployee to be engaged in such work except in accordance, with the oonUdcRS, if any, specified In the health record unless that aitiy has been cancelled by an employment adviser or appointed doctor. (9) Where an employee or enployer ia aggrieved by a decision of an eoploymazt medical adviser or appointed doctor wrier paragraph (8), he may, ty an application in writing to the Executive within 28 days of the date on which he was notified of the decision apply for that decision to be reviewed, and in such a case the Executive shall review that dedslcn aod the result of that review shall be notified to the enployee and employer and enteral an the health record of that esployee by an ecplcyment cedlcal adviser. (10) In this Regulation - "appointed doctor" means a fully registered medical practitioner %ho is appointed for the time being in writing by the Health and Safety Executive for the purposes of this Regulation; employment rapdfral adviser" means an euployinesit medical adviser appointed trader Section 56 of the 1974 Act; "health surveillance" includes biological testing. b'LC *' y r~ p 53. The employer should ensure that any employee who Is designated as a registered worker, is kept under medical surveillance by an Employment Efedical Adviser or appointed doctor. The anployer should ensure, before designating' any person as a registered worker, that the person Is medically assessed by an Eraploymsit htedical Adviser or appointed doctor as to his fitress to work with vinyl chloride. While be ranains a registered worker, each person should be subject to medical reassessmait:- (a) at intervals of not nnre than 12 months; (b) if he has reported sympccms which could be attributable to vinyl chloride exposure; (c) if, in the opinion of the doctor, he requires further medirai assessment; (d) when he has been absent from work because of any <llrw*ge for 4 weeks or more. 54. Ocher persons at work an site and contractors* employees should also be listed as registered workers where the assessment warrants such action. 55. Health surveillaree of registered workers Is Intended - to establish hg<a line medical information about such workers and to review their continuing fitness for controlled exposure to vinyl chloride. Registration and health surveillance could also be of value in future epidemiological studies. 56. The medical assessment of each Individual Is the responsibility of the doctor corcemed but will normally include: - (a) a full and occupational history; (b) a clinical assessment with particular reference to the abdomen, skin and extremities, and (c) such further tests, including radiological examination and laboratory ' tests, as may be indicated by die results of (a) or (b). 57. He anployer should ensure that the leaflet "Vinyl Chloride and You" is given to each registered worker at die initial examination. Copies can be obtained free of charge from aiy office of tte Health and Safety Executive. 58. The employer should oisure that each employee is aware that he has the right to request a written record of the results of any health surveillance procedures, including biological rnm-ftaring procedures, performed on him. 59. The anployer should also ensure that, where biological monitoring procedures sid health surveillance are performed, employees or their representatives at ths place of work are provided with a written record of the anonymas collective results at appropriate Intervals. 60. Arrangements drould be made for any employee tto is a registered worker to present himself, during his icrmal working hours, for medical examinations and any additional tests as may be necessary. Employees mould cooperate in such examinations and tests. w-> 4-07a-. 20 61. The basic occupational health record of a registered worker's tealth surveiUarce diould consist of at least the following infonaation:- sumame, forenames, birth surname, sex, date of birth, place of birth, (town and country), permanent address, National Insurance Number, National Health Service Number, date of cmnencement of present employment, and a historical record of jobs performed whilst in that employment, with appropriate details to indicate likely exposure. 62. These records may be kept in any suitable form provided that they satisfy the foregoing requiremsits aid can be retrieved readily when required. The records of health surveillance drould be kept in a form compatible with and capable of being linked to those for nmitoring, so that it is possible to compare the nature ard degree of exposure to vinyl chloride with effects on health. Information, instruction and training for analogues who may be exposed to substances hazardous to health Emulation 12 (1) An erployer who undertakes work which may expose any of his ayloyees to substances hazardous to health dial! provide that employee with such information, instruction and training as is adequate for him to know - (a) the nature of the substance and of the rides to health created by such exposure; and (b) the preovtlcBS which tfxuld be taken. (2) Without prejudice to the generality of paragraph (1), the infonaaticn provided under that paragraph shall Include ~ (a) information on the results of any monitoring at the workplace in accordance with Fegulatiaa 10 and in particular. In the case of any substance hazardous to health for which the Health and Safety Cocuriaaion has appiwed a control limit, the anployee shall be informed fordvith if the results of such monitorii^ shew that the control limit has been ecceeded; and (b) information oa the collective results of any health ftirveUlance undertaken in accordance with Regulation 11(2) in a form calculated to prevent it from identified as relating to any particular persen. ' Information 63. Tte information provided to employees mist be adequate to ensure that persons at work on the premises are aware of:- (1) the health hazards connected with vinyl chloride; (2) the result of any assessment of occupational exposure to vinyl chloride; (3) the results of nmitoring at the workplace; (4) the control measures, including permits-to-work and limitations of access, etc, relating to materials, plant and processes and the reasons for them; 21 (5) the reascns for personal protective equipment and clothing arid the jobs where these are necessary; (6) the role of health surveillance and their duty to attend for tealth surveillance procedures; (7) the procedures for repcarting defects in plant and equipment; (8) the procedure for joint consultation on vinyl chloride. This information dxnjld be tanx^ht to the attention of employees at regular intervals. 64. Without prejudice to the detailed requirements of Regulations 6 and 11, employees and/or their representatives at the workplace should be provided with Information cn the risks at the workplace from exposure ~to vinyl chloride, the results of measurements and the precautions taken to comply with tte Control of Substances Hazardous to Ifealth Regulations 19&- and this Approved Code of Practice. Instruction 65. The instruction given to employees oust be adequate to- eisure that persons at work on the premises do rot endanger thsnselves or others through exposure to vinyl chloride. In particular, die instruction uust be adequate for them to:(1) know what they should do, what precautions they should cake and when they should be takm; (2) knew the procedures to be followed in an emergency. Training 66. Training must be adequate to oisure that persons at work on the premises can effectively apply and use:(1) material, plant and process controls; (2) personal protective equipment and clothing; (3) the emergency measures. see 22 4-07^2 flrangg l Regulation 2(1) Characteristic properties of certain substarees hazardous to frm.lfh PART I Table of classes and characteristic properties Colam 1 Class of Substance Colam 2 Characteristic properties Very toxic A substance which if It is Inhaled or Ingested or it penetrates the skin may Involve extremely serious acute or chronic health risks and even death. Tcsdc A substance which if It Is inhaled or ingested or it penetrates the skin may involve sericxB acute or chronic health rides std evoi death. Harmfiil A eubstarce wfrdch if it is inhaled or Ingested or if it penetrates the skin may Involve limited healA risks. Corrosive A substance thich may on contact with living tissues destroy them. Irritant A non-corrosive substance which, through iimediate, prolonged or repeated contact with the skin or nuoxs membrane, can cause Inflammation. Carcinogenic /' Teratogenic biitagenic A subetarce which if it is inhaled or ingested or if it penetrates the skin may induce cancer In man or Increase i6 Incidence. A substance which if it Is inhaled or ingested or it penetrates the skin may involve a ride of subsequent nonbereditable birth defects in offspring. A substance which if it is inhaled or ingested or it penetrates the skin may involve a risk of heredltable genetic defects. 63 23 PART n Criteria for wry tcndc, toxic or harmful substances "Very toxic", "toxic" and "harmful" mean in relation to a substance hazardous to health that the substance has a toxicity falling within the range set out in the table below for that category. Category i-fedian lethal dose Absorbed orally in rat rag/kg Absorbed percut aneously in rat or rabbit ng/kg bferfian lethal concentration (LC5O) absorbed by inhalation in rat ttg/litre (4 hours) Very toxic Toxic Harmful <5 25 > 25 to 200 > 200 to 2000 4 50 > 50 to WO > 400 to 2000 0.5 > 0.5 to 2 > 2 to 20 If facts show that for the purposes of classification it is inadvisable to use ID^q or LC50 values as a principal basis because the substances produce other effects, the substances shall be classified according to the magnitude of these effects. 1 24 trHFTiTrr. 3 Regulation 7(4) Cjrajastances in which respiratory protective equjpmmt gust be approved or conform to an apycuved standard 1. Regulation 7(4) (which requires respiratory protective equipment to be of a type approved, or to a standard approved, by the Health and Safety Executive) shall apply there respiratory protective equipment is provided in tte circumstances set out in the following paragraphs. 2. Where work is carried on in an atmosphere vhich is rendered ianadiately dangerous to life by a substance hazardous to health. 3. Vhere the respiratory protective equipment is provided to protect employees against atmospheres containing cne or core of the following - (a) the following chemical elements or any ccmpourd of ttese elorents, namely -- antiumy, arsenic, barium, beryl Hum, cadniun, chromium, cobalt, copper, indlian, manganese, mercury, nickel, osmiim, platincen, rhodium, selenium, silver, tellurium, thallium, uraniuu and vanadium; (b) acrylonitrile, arm Mia, arsine, benzene, bromirc, carbon disulphide, carbon monaod.de, -chlorine, cyanides (organic and Inorganic), cyanogen, cyanogen chloride, ethylene codde, fluorine, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen sulphide, isocyanates (-N33), methyl bromide, phosgene, phosphine, sulphur dioxide, sulphur trioxide, sulphuric acid and vinyl chloride monomer; (c) crystalline silica; (d) a dangerous pathogen listed in Schedule 1 to the Health and Safety (Dangerous Pathogens) Regulations 1961^a^; (e) any medicinal product which is - (i) a medicinal product as defined In section 130 of the Msdicines Act 1958Cb\ or (ii) a substance specified in an order made under section 104 or 105 of the Medicines Act 1968 vhich is for the time being in force and vhich directs that specified provisions of that Act shall have effect in relation to that substance as such provisions have effect in relation to medicinal products within the meaning of that Act. (a) S.I. 1981/1011 (b) 1968 c.67 Note: The list is a rationalisation and extension of existing requircneits to use approved respiratory protective equipment contained in the Factories Act and associated Regulations: ie, it covers circurstances where breathing apparatus is required, _ and cLrConstances involving hazardous substances covered by various Regulations. Other named substances or categories of substances have been added vhere there is considered to be a high risk of injury to health should the respiratory protective equipment used not be adequate. 25 Appendix 1 IEAL2H AND SAfEIY The Control of Substances Hazardous to Regulations 196- Draft proposals for Regulations to be made under sections 15(1), (2), (3)(a), (4), (5)(b), (6)(a) and (b) and (9), and 82(3)(a) of, and paragraphs l(l)(b) and (c) and (2), 2, 6(1), 8, 9, 11, 13U) and (3), 14, 15(1) and 16 of Schedule 3 to, the Health and Safety at Wbrk etc. Act 1974. ARRAN2MENT CF KEOJUTICNS 1. Citation and coomencenEnt. 2. Interpretation. 3. Duties under those Regulations. 4. Prohibitions relating to certain substances. 5. Application of Regulations 6 to 12. 6. Assessment of health risks created by substances hazardous to health. 7. Control of exposure to substances hazardous to health. 8. Use of control measures etc. 9. Maintenance of control measures etc. 10. Monitoring at the workplace. 11. Health surveillance. 12. Information, instruction, and training for eiplpyees 'ho may be exposed to substances hazardous to health. 13. Provisions relating to certain fisnigaticns. 14. Exemption certificates. 15. Extension outside Great Britain. 16. Defence in proceedings for contravention of these Regulaticns, 17. Repeals, revocations and savings. -- U t_ 26 4-0 Schedule 1. Characteristic properties of certain substances hazardous to health. Schedule 2. Prohibition of certain aubstarKes hazardous to health for certain purposes. Schedule 3. Circunstances in vtoieh respiratory protective equipment mat be approved or conform to an approve! standard. Schedule 4. Suspension on nodical grounds. Schedule 5. Fimigations excepted from Regulation 13. Schedule 6. Notification of certain fumigations. Schedule 7. Repeals. Schedule 8. Revocation of Regulations and Orders. 4- ry Citation and cemmcecaait 1. These Regulations may be cited as the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 198- and shall cane into operation cn ( 19&-). Interpretation 2. - (1) In these Regulations, unless the context otherwise requires "the 1974 Act" means the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974(a); "adequate" means adequate havii^r regard oily to the nature of the substance and the nature and degree of exposure to substances hazardous to tealth; and adequately shall be construed accordingly; "approved" means approved for the time being in writing ty the Health and Safety Executive or the Health and Safety Cocmission as tte case may be; "approved list" means the list published ty the Health and Safety Camission entitled "Information Approved for the Classification, Packaging and Labelling of Dangerous Substances" as revised or re-issued from Hm to time; "characteristic properties" means the properties of a substance described in cnlmn 2 of Part I of Schedule 1 in accordance, where applicable, with the criteria set out In Part H of that Schedule; "fumigation" means an operation in vMch a substance in the form of a gas, vapour or fume Is released into tte atmosphere to control or kill pests ot other undesirable organisms and "ftmigate" and "fumigant" shall be construed accordingly; "tumsn pathogen" means an organism liable to cause Inman disease; "substance" means ary natural or artificial substance whether in solid ot liquid form or in the form of a gas or vapour and Includes any hsuar pathogen; "substance hazardous to health" means - (a) a substance which is listed in Part 1A of the approved list a? ' dangercub for supply within the meaning of the Classification, Packaging and labelling Regulations 1964^) 3^ fOT ^ch any indication of gaieral nature of risk is specified as very toxic, tcodc, harmful, corrosive or irritant, or any other substance not sc listed which by reason of its characteristic properties creates a rlsV to the health of any person; (b) a hrman pathogen; (c) dust of any kind, when present at a substantial cmcentration in air; and (d) any other substance arising in the course of work, to which a persa may be exposed and which may create a risk to the health of th2t person which is comparable to the ride to health created by substance to vhich sub-paragraph (a) above applies. (a) 1974 c.37. (b) S.I. 1984/28 c-r c 3 _ n76S (2) In these Regulations, any - refermce to an employee being exposed to a substance hazardous to health is a inference to the exposure of that employee to a substance hazardous .to health arising from or in connection with work which is beirg undertaken by his employer. (3) In these Regulations, unless die context otherwise requires - (a) a reference to a rubbered Regulation or Schedule is a reference to tte Regulation of, or Schedule to, these Regulatlms so Timbered; and (b) a reference to a umbered paragraph is a refer** to the paragraph so turtered in the Regulation or Schedule in which that reference . appears. Duties under these Regulaticna 3. - (1) Where any duty is placed by these Regulations on an anpioyer in respect of his anployees, he shall, so far as Is reasonably practicable, be under a like duty in respect of any other person who nay be affected by the work activity carried on by the employer, whether at work or not, except that the duties of the employer - (a) under Regulation 11 (health surveillance) shall not extend to persons iho are not his employees; and (b) under Regulations 10 and 12 (\*d.ch relate respectively to monitoring and Information, training etc.) shall not extend to persons who are not his employees unless those persons are on the premises there the work is being carried on. (2) These Regulations shall apply to a self auployed person as they apply to an employer an employee and as if that self' alloyed person ware both the employer and the snployee, except that Regulations 9(2), 10(2), 11(1), 11(3) to (6) shall not apply to a self-employed person. (3) Duties wrier these Regulations inposed upon the anployer shall also be imposed upon the manager of a mine (within the meaning of section 183 of the Hines and Quarries Act 1954^)) in so far as those duties relate to the mine of which he is the manager and to matters under his control. Prohibitions relH"g to certain nubstances 4. - (1) Those substances described in colum 1 of Schedule 2 are prohibited to the extent set out in the corresponding entry In colum 2 of that Schedule. (2) The importation into tte United Kingdom of the following substances and articles is prohibited, namely - (a) 2-naphttylamina, benzidine, 4-ansinobiphenyl, 4-rf.ttobiphenyl, their salts arri any substance containing aiy of those compounds, except, as the by-product of a chemical reaction, in airy other substance in e total concentration not exceeding one per csnt'^; (b) matches made with vhite phosphorus; (a) 1954 c.70. (1) to be revised in line with a forthcoming EC Directive. bi___ 4 -< ) .V,o and any. contravsition of this paragraph shall be punishable under the Customs and Excise Management Act 1979^ ard rot as a contravention of a health and safety regulation. (3) A person shall rot supply during the course of or for use at work, any substance or article the importation of which is prohibited by paragraph (2), Application of Regulations 6 to 12 5.- (1) Regulations 6 to 12 shall have effect with a view to protecting persons against risks to their health, whether iamadiate or delayed, arising from exposure to substances hazardous to health accept - (a) %here and to the extent that the following Regulations apply, namely (1) +the Asbestos Regulations 1969^); (ii) ***the Coal Mines (Respirable Dust) Regulations 1975^; (ill) the Control of at Work Regulations 1980^; (b) re the substance is hazardous to health solely by virtue of its radioactive, explosive or flanroable properties, or solely because it is at a high or low temperature or a high pressure; (c) vhere the ride to health is caused by a hunm pathogenic agsit and arises directly from a person suffering from a cocnunicable disease; (d) where the ride to health is a risk to the health of a person to vhom the substance is adninistered in the course of his medical treatment. (2) In paragraph 1(d) "medical treatmsit" means w^M***! or dental examination or treatment conducted in pursuance of a request or requirement for such examination or treatment made by a hilly or provisionally registered medical or deital practitioner or sane other suitably qualified person and includes any aich examination or treatment conducted for the purposes of research. (3) Nothing In these Regulations shall prejudice any requirensit imposed by or under any enacteait relating- to piM ip health or the protection of the fftvirormsnt. (a) 1979 c.2. (b) S.I. 1969/690. (c) S.I. 1975/1433, smsided by S.I. 1978/807. (d) S.I. 1980/1248. + these regulations are to be replaced by the Control of Asbestos at Vfork Regulations 198-. * new respirable dust regulations are proposed under Mines and Quarries legislation: they will Aa1 with respirable <kst in all mines. The exemption for respirable dust in coal mines will need to be extended accordingly. 4- ( ?0 30 Assessment of health rides created by subetarees harardain to health 6.~ (1) An employer shall not carry on any work which nay expose any employee to any substance hazardous to health unless he has made an adequate assessment of the Tides created by the substance to the health of those employees. (2) Without prejudice to the generality of paragraph (1), that assessment shall - (a) identify the nature of the substance and of the ride to tealth to which employees may be exposed and the nature and degree of exposure which may occur during the course of the work; and (b) set out the steps to be taken in accordance with these Regulations to avoid those risks to health. (3) Where work *AfLch may expose sxy employee to substances hazardous to health was axmroced before the caning into operation of these Regulations or within six months after that date, it shall be a sufficient compliance with paragraph (1) if the responsible person mites die assessment' required by that paragraph within six months after the date of cooing into operation of these Regulations. (4) The assessmsit required by paragraph (1) ehall be reviewed forthwith and a new assessmait substituted where - (a) there is evidence to suspect that the assessment Is no larger valid, or (b) there has been a significant change in the work to which the assessment relates. Control of exposure to aiharmnea hazardous to health 7-- (1) Every enployer shall ensure that the exposure of his employees to substances hazardous to health is either prevented or adequately controlled, having regard in particular to any control limit which the Health and Safety Gcnmisslon has approved for that substance. (2) Prevention or adequate control of exposure under paragraph (1) shall be secured, so far as is reasonably practicable, by means other than the provision of personal protective equipment. (3) Where the measures taken in accordance with paragraph (2) do rot prevent, or provide adequate control of, exposure to substances hazardous to health of enployees on the premises at which the work is being carried on, then, in addition to taMng those measures, the snployer shall provide those employees with such suitable personal protective equipment as will adequately control their exposure to substances hazardous to health. (4) Where the personal protective equipment provided in accordance with paragraph (3) includes respiratory protective equipment and that respiratory protective equipment is provided for use in any of the drcunstances set out in Schedule 3, then it shall be of a type approved or dwll conform to a standard approved, in either case, by the Health and Safety Executive in respect of those drcunstances. (5) Nothing in this regulation shall prejudice the requirements of Section 55 of the Hines and Quarries Act^a) and in particular the requirements of subsection (2)(a) of that section. (a) 1954 c.70. Use of control mpfttatT-Pg, Pfp 8. - (1) Every snpLoyer who provides any control measure, personal protective equipment or other thing or facility pursuant Co these Regulations shall ensure that It is properly used or applied as the may be. (2) Every employee diall oake full and proper use of any control erasure, personal protective equipment or other thing or facility provided pursuant to these Regulations and if he discovers any defect therein he shall report it forthwith to his employer. frta-tnrPTianoe of control measures, etc 9. - (1) Every employer vho provides any control measure, personal protective equipment pr other thing or facility pursuant to these Regulations diall ensure chat it Is maintained in an efficient state, in efficient working order and good repair. (2) Every employer diall there appropriate keep a suitable record of work carried out in accordance with paragraph (l) and that record, shall be kept for two years from the date on which it was made. Monitoring at the workplace 10. - (1) Where it is requisite for protecting the health of employees, the employer shall - (a) have adequate monitoring procedures for monitoring the exposure of his employees to substances tazardous to health at the premises where the work is carried an; and (b) tjmitor that exposure in accordance with those procedures. (2) Tte employer shall keep a actable record of any monitoring carried out in accordance with paragraph (1) and that record or a suitable smmary thereof shall be kept for 30 years from the date on which it was made. Health aurvelllnce 11. - (1) Every employer shall msure that an adequate occupational health record relating to each of his employees who is exposed to a substance hazardous to health is maintained and that record or a copy thereof is kept for at least 30 years from the date of the last oitry made In It. (2) Where it is requisite for protecting the health of employees who are or are liable to be exposed to a substance hazardous to health, the employer shall ensure that such employees are under adequate and suitable health surveillance which shall, in appropriate cases, include medical surveillance under the supervision of an employment medical adviser or appointed doctor. (3) An enployee to whom this Regulation applies Aall, t&ien required by his employer end at the cost of the employer, present himself during Ms working hours for such examination and tests as may be required for the purposes of paragraph (2) and shall furnish the person conducting the health surveillance with such information concerning his health as that person may reasonably require. 32 (A) Where health surveillance is carried out on the premises of the employer, the employer shall ensure that suitable facilities are made available for tie purpose. (5) On reasonable notice being givsi, the employer rfiall allow any of his employees access to the occupational health record which relates to him. (6) Where an employee has been exposed to a substance hazardous to health and an arployment medical adviser or appointed doctor has certified by an mtry in his health record that medical surveillance should be continued after his exposure to that substance has ceased, the employer shall ensure that the medlral surveillance of that employee is continued in accordance with that sitry while he is employed by tte employer or unless that entry has been cancelled by an eiployment medical adviser or appointed doctor. (7) An entry in the health record made in accordance with paragraph (6) may specify the nature and frequency of tie nwdlral surveillance required and the period for which it is to be continued. (8) Where an employee Is liable to be reposed to any substance hazardous to health referred to in Schedule 4 and an employment medical adviser or appointed doctor has certified In the health record of that employee that in his professional opinion that employee ^rould not be staged in work which exposes him to that substance or that he should only be go mgaged under conditions specified In the record, the employer shall not permit the employee to be OTgaged in such wrk except in accordance with the eruditions, if any, specified in the health record unless that entry has been cancelled by an employmsit medical adviser or appointed doctor. (9) Where an employee or enployer is aggrieved by a decision of an enployosnt magical adviser or appointed doctor under paragraph (8), he may, by an appliesCLot in writing node to the Executive within 28 days of the date an vhich he was notified of the decision apply for that decision to be reviewed, and in such a case the Executive rful 1 review that decision and the result of that review shall be notified to the enployee and employer and entered an the health record of that employee by an employment medical adviser. (10) In this Regulation - "appointed doctor" means a fully registered medical practitioner who is appointed for the Him being in writing by die Health and Safety Executive for the purposes of this Regulation; "employmsit medical adviser" means an employment medical adviser appointed under Section 56 of the 1974 Act; "health surveillance" includes biological testing. Tnfnmwtlon, Instructim and training for aiployees who may be exposed to substances haxarrkns tO health 12.- (1) An employer undertakes work which may expose any of Ms erployees to substances hazardous to health shall provide that employee with such information, instruction and training as is adequate for him to kiw - (a) the nature of the substance and of the risks to health created by 9Jch exposure; and (b) the precautions which ^rould be taken. a- (2) Without prejudice to the generality of paragraph (i), the information provided under that paragraph shall include - (a) information on the results of arty monitoring at the workplace In accordance with Regulation 10 and in particular. In the <-*go 0f any substance hazardous to health for which the Health arei Safety Ccnmissioo has approved a control limit, the enployee shall be informed forthwith if the results of such nmitoring sixw chat tie control limit has been exceeded; and (b) information on the collective results of any health surveillance undertake] In accordance with Regulation 11(2) in a form calculated to prevent it fran being Identified as relating to any particular person. Provisions relating to certain ftirri traHraq 13. - (1) This Regulation shall apply to fumigations in which the fumigant used or Intended to be used 1s hydrogen cyanide, ethylene odde, phosphine or methyl broadae, except that this Regulation shall not apply to fumigations using the fumig^t specified in colunn 1 of Schedule 5 then the nature of the fumigation Is as specified in the corresponding entry in colunn 2 of that Schedule. (2) An employer shall not indertake any fumigation to which this Regulation applies unless he has - (a) rotified the persons specified in Part I of Schedule 6 of his Intention to undertake the fumigation; and (b) provided to those persons the information specified in Part II of that Schedule, at least 24 hours in advance or such shorter time in advwce as the persons required to be notified nay agree. (3) An employer who undertakes a fumigation to tfttLch this Regulation applies diall ensure that, before the fundgant is released, suitable warning rotices have affixed at all points of reasonable access to the premises or to those farts of the premises in which the fumigation is to be carried out and that after the fumigation has been completed, and the premises are safe to enter, those warning notices are removed. Exanptlon certd.ficates 14. - (1) Subject to paragraph (2), the Health and Safety Executive may, ty a certificate in writing, exempt any person or class of person or any substance or class of substance from all or any of the requirements or prohibitions imposed by these Regulations and any such exanption may be granted subject to conditions and to a limit of time and assy be revoked by a certificate in writing at any time. (2) The Executive shall not grant any such exemption unless having regard to the drcunstances of the case and in particular to - (a) the conditions, if any, which it proposes to attach to the exemption; and (b) any other requiremmts imposed by or under any OTactrents which apply to the case, it is satisfied that the tealth and safety of persons vho are likely to be affected by the exemption will not be prejudiced in consequence of it. a Extension outside Croat Britain 15. These Regulations shall apply to any work outside Great Britain to which sections 1 to 59 and 80 to 82 of the 1974 Act apply by virtue of Articles 6 and 7 the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 (Application outside Great Britain) Order 1977(a) gg apply to work in Great Britain. Defence In prociradlnga for contravention of these 16. In any proceedings for an offeree consisting of a contravention of these Regulations it shall be a defence for any person to prove that he took all reasonable precautions and exercised all due diligmce to avoid the camission of that offeree. Repeals, revocations and savings 17.-- (1) The provisions of -- (a) the Mines aid Quarries Act 1954(b) gppHfw in Schedule 7j and 1 of Part I of (b) the Factories Act 196l(c) specified in colmn 1 of Part II of Schedule 7 are repealed to the ectent set out in the entry opposite thereto in the corresponding entry in colum 2 of the respective Fart. (2) The Hydrogen Cyanide (F) irrigation) Act 1937(d) ^ repealed. (3) The Regulations and Orders specified in colum 1 of Schedule 8 are revoked to the extent set out opposite thereto In colum 2 of that Schedule. (4) Any record or register required to be kept under any Regulations or Order revoked by paragraph 2 shall, notwithstanding that paragraph, be kept in the gang* manner and for the same period as if these Regulations had rot been made, except that the Ifealth and Safety Executive may approve the keeping of records at a place or in a fora other than at the place 'here > or in the form in which, records were required to be kept under the Regulations or Order so revoked. (a) S.l. 1977/1232. (b) 1954 c.70. snarled by S.l. 1974/2013. (c) 1961 c.34. amndeJ by S.l. 1974/1941. (d) 1937 c.45. ammded by S.l. 1974/1840. bLC -<! - n 7 7 5 35 SCHEDULE 1 Regulation 2(1) Characteristic properties of certain fliWtfaryw Hirr_gp4nt} to FAST I Table of c.laRaes and charactpHaric pioper*^*** Colum 1 Class of Substance Colinn 2 Characteristic properties Very toxic A substance which if it is inhaled or ingested or it penetrates the ddn ray involve esctrsnely serious acute or chronic health rid<s and evs\ death. Toxic A substance which If it is inhaled or ir^ested or it penetrates the skin may involve serious acute or chronic health risks and even death. Harmful A substance which if it is Inhaled or ingested or If it penetrates the skin may involve limited health risks. Corrosive A substance which may on contact with living tissues destroy them. Irritant A non-corrosive substance whiich, thresh lamedlate, prolonged or repeated contact with the skin or nucous rasnfcrane, can cause Inflammation. Carcinogenic A substance which if it is inhaled or Ingested or If it penetrates Che skin may induce cancer in man or increase its incidence. TeratogatLc A substance which if it is inhaled or ingested or it penetrates the skin ray Involve a risk of subsequent norrhereditable birth defects in offspring. Hitaggiic A substance which if it is inhaled or ingested or it penetrates the skin ray involve a risk of hereditable genetic defects. -f PART IX Criteria for very toxic, ttodc or harmful aubet*nr*<: "Very toxic", "toxic4' and "harmful4' naan In relation to a substance hazardous to health that the substance has a toxicity falling within the range set out in tte table below for that category. Category Malian lethal dose <ID50) Absorbed orally . in rat ^/kg Absorbed percutaneotfily in rat or rabbit ng/kg Malian lethal crocentrstlon (I 50) absorbed ty Inhalation in rat ng/litre (4 hours) Very toxic Toxic Harmful ^25 ,> 25 to 200 > 200 to 2000 ^ 50 > 30 to 400 400 to 2000 4 o-s >0.5 to 2 > 2 to 20 If facts dw that for the purposes of classification it is inadvisable to use 1D50 or LC50 values as a principal basis because the substances produce other effects, the substances shall be classified according to the magnitude of these effects. ^;T 4_n-7-' 37 SCS2IXE 2 Regulation 4(1) Prohibition of certain substances hazardous to health for certain purpose Item No Colum 1 Description of substance Oilim 2 Purpose for which die substance is prohibited 1. 2-naphthylamine; benzidine; 4-aodnobiphenyl; 4-rdtrobi phenyl; their salts and any substance containing any of those .compounds, except as the by-product of a chemical reaction, in any other substance In a total concentration not exceeding one per cent.(I) Marufacture and use for all purposes includ ing any maufacturlng process in which a substance described in colum 1 of this itou is formed. 2. Sand or other substance containing free silica. Use as an abrasive for blasting articles in any blasting apparatus (see note 1). 3. A substance containing car- Use as a parting material in connection with pounds of silicon calculated as the making of re'tai castings (see notes 2 and silica to the extent of more 3). than 3X by weight of the dry material. 4. Carbon disulphide. Use in the cold-cure process of vulcanising in the proofing of cloth with rubber. 5. Oils other than vhite oil, or oil of entirely animal or vegetable origin or entirely of mixed animal and vegetable origin (see note 4).6 Use for oiling the spindles of self-acting miles. 6. Ground or powdered flint or quartzother than natural sand. Use in relation to the marufacture or decoration of pottery for the following purposes (a) the placing of ware for the biscuit fire; (b) the polishing of ware; (c) as the Ingredient of a wash for saggar trucks, bats, cranks, or other articles used in supporting ware during firing; and (d) as dusting or supporting powder in - potters shops. (1) To be revised in line with a forthcoming EE Directive. Iton Colurm 1 No Description of substance Column 2 Purpose for which the substance is prohibit* 7* Ground or powdered flint or quartz other than:- (a) natural sand; or (b) as part of paste or slop. Use in relation to the manufacture or decora tion of pottery for any purpose except - (a) use in a separate room or building for - (i) the manufacture of powdered flint or quartz; or (ii) the maldJTg of frits err glar^ or the making of colours or coloured slips for the decoration of pottery; 8. White phosphorus. 9. Hydrogen cyanide. . (b) use for the incorporation of the sub stance into the body of ware in an enclosure in which no person is employed and which is constructed and ventilated to prevent the escape of du*. The manufacture of matches. Use in findgation when - (a) the hydrogen cyanide Is applied fran a cylinder containing liquid hydrogm cyanide through piping and applicators or (b) the hydrogen cyanide is generated by the pot method. (See note 5). Notes 1. "Blasting apparatus" means apparatus for cleaning, smoothing, rex^hening or reaovijv of part of the surface of any article by the use as an abrasive of a jet of sa metal *ot or grit or other material propelled by a blast of compressed air or stea. or by a wheel. 2. This prohibition shall rot prevent the use as a parting material of the follcwinf substances natural sand; zirconium silicate (zircon); calcined china clay; calcined aluminous fireclay; eilliinanite; calcined or fused alunina; olivine. See 4-0779 3. "Use as a parting material" means the application of the material to the surface oi parts of the surface of a pattern or of a nrxild so as to facilitate the separation oi the pattern from the nnild or the separation of perts of the mould. 4. "White oil" means a refined mineral oil conforming to a specification approved by tht Health and Safety Executive and certified by its manufacturer as so axoforming. 5. The "pot methxT' for the generation of hydrogen cyanide means the method whereby hydrogen cyanide is gererated by adding sulphuric acid to sodium cyanide. n scasmz 3 Regulation 7(4) Cirainstances la which respiratory protective equipment mist be approved or conform to ao approved stan-larH 1 Regulation 7(4) (which requires respiratory protective equipment to be of a type approval, or to a standard approved, by the Health and Safety Executive) shall apply where respiratory protective equipment Is provided In the drcunstances set out in the following paragraphs. 2 Where work is carried cn in an atmosphere >bich is rendered imnediately dangerous to life by a substance hazardcxe to health. 3 Where the respiratory protective equipment is provided to protect employees against atmospheres containing one or more of the following (a) the following chemical elements or any compound of these elements, namely:- antinrny, arsenic, barivtn, berylliua, cafariim, chromium, cobalt, copper, Indium, manganese, mercury, nickel, osmium, platinun, rhodium, selenium, silver, tellurium, thallium, uranium and vanadium; (b) acrylonitrile, anemia, arsine, benzge, bromine, carbon disulphide, carbon mcncadde, chlorine, cyanides (organic and inorganic), cyanogen, cyanogei chloride, ethylene cod.de, flterine, hydrogel fluoride, hydrogen sulphide, isocyanates (-TCO), methyl bromide, phosgene, phosphine, sulphur dioxide, sulphur trioxide, sulphuric acid, and vinyl chloride cmocner. (c) crystalline silica; (d) a dangerois pathogm listed in Schedule 1 to the Health and Safety (Dangerous Pathogens) Regulations 198l(a); (e) any medicinal product which is:- (1) a medicinal product as defined in section 130 of ths Medicines Act 196?(ba)), or (ii) a substance specified in an order made under section 104 or 105 of the Medicines Act 1968 which is for the time being In force and which directs that specified provisions of that Act shall have effect in relation to that substance as such provisions have effect in relation to medicinal products within the neaning of that Act. (a) S.I. 1981/IOU. (b) 1968 c.67. Note: The list is a rationalisation and extension of existing requirements to use approved respiratory protective equipment contained in the Factories Act and associated Regulations: ie, it covers circumstances where breathing apparatus is required, and circumstances involving hazardous substances covered by various Regulations. Other named substances or categories of substances have been added where there is considered to be a high ride of injury to health should the respiratory protective equifinsit used not be adequate. bt l, 4-0730 AO sramjig 4 Suspension oq nadir*! Regulation 11(6) 1 The aibstances referred to In Regulation 11(8) (which relates to suspension cn maiical grxxnds) are the following substarres:- (a) organophosphorous conpoinds; (regular use) (b) diranlc acid; sodium or potasslua chromate or dichramate; (c) any substance which then absorbed may cause TP^hagm^lrfodnjWTrfaj art] in particular, any caapomd in which ere or more ^ (-ft^ groups is directly attached to a benzeroid or aromatic ring system. Note: Most of these substances are already included in current Regulations and in the Schedule to the Employment Protection (Consolidation) Act 1978. r><--C 4- q i 41 S=2JJJEEDCUJLE 5 Ftnrigatlons excepted from Regulation 13 Regulation 13(1) Colunn 1 Frinrigant Hydrogen cyanide Methyl bromide Phosphine Ethylene crcLde Colaro 2 Nature of fumigation Ftirrigations carried out for research. Fumigations in fumigation chambers. Fmigations In the open air to control nwma.1 pests. Rirrigations carried out for research. Fmigations In fumigation chanters. Fuaigations of soil or compost outdoors tihere not more than ICkg methyl bromide Is used in any one period of 24 hours on the. site. Fumigation under gas-proof sheeting Inside structures there not more than 3kg methyl bromide In each structure Is used In any period of 24 hours. Furtigation of soli or compost in greenhouses ad In nushroom houses there not more than 5kg of methyl bnxdde Is ised In ary ere fumigation In a period of 24 hours. Fuirigatloa of contairers there not more than 5kg of methyl bromide Is used In any one fumigatioa In a period of 24 hours. Fumigations carried out for research. Fumigations under gas proof Meeting Inside structures there not more than lOOg phosphine In each such structure Is used in any period of 24 hours. Fwdgatlons In containers. Fimigatlons in Individual Impermeable packages. Fumigations in road or rail transport vehicles or freight containers. Fumigations in fumigation chanters. Fumigations In the open air to control raimal pests. Fumigations carried out for research. Fumigations in fumigation chanters. see 42 4-0782 6 Notification of certain fmHgnHgns Regulation 13(2) PAST X Persons to whom notifications trust be ttfrfe 1. In the case of a fumigation to be carried out within the area of a harbour authority, advance notification of fumigation shall, for the purposes of Regulation 13(2)(a) be givai to - (a) that authority; (b) an inspector appointed under section 19 of the 1974 Act, if that inspector so requires; and (c) where the fumigation - (i) is to be carried out on a sea going ship, die chief fire officer of the area in which the ship is situated, and the officer in charge of the office of Her Majesty's Cisterns and Excise at the harbour, or (ii) is the space fumigation of a building, the chief fire officer of the area in tdcH the building Is situated. 2. In the case of a fumigation, other than a fumigation to which paragraph (1) applies, advance notification of fumigation shall be given to - (a) the police officer for the time being in charge of the police station for the police district in which the fumigation is carried out; (b) an inspector appointed under section 19 of the 1974 Act if that inspector 60 requires; and (c) where the fumigation is to be carried out cn a sea going ship or is the 6pace fumigation of a building, the chief fire officer of the area in which ship or building 1s situated. PAKT H Information to be given in advance notice of fumigations 1. The information to be given in a notification made for the purposes of Regulation 13(2) shall include the follcwing:- (a) the name, address ax! place of business of the fumlgator and Ms telephone number; (b) the name of person requiring the fumigation to be carried cut; (c) the address and description of premises where the frnrfgation is to be carried out; (d) the date on which the fumigation is to be carried out and the estimated time of conmencaient and completion; (e) the name of the operator in charge of the fumigation; (f) the fumigant to be used. see 43 1 -M7Q- SCSETOLE 7 Regulation 17(1) PART I Repeals of the Provisions of the Mines and Quarries Act 1954 1 Provision 2 Extent of repeal Section 74 Section 112 In subsection (1); paragraph (b). In subsection (2) - the words from "or dust of such character" to "the persons employed", - paragraph (a), the words "or harmful", - paragraph (c), the wrds "or harmful" both tines that they appear. The whole section. PART n Rental q of the Provisions of the Factories Act 1961 1 Provision SectlOQ 4 Section 63 Section 64 Section 67 Section 77 Section 78 Section 121 2 Extent of repeal The words from "aid for rendering termless" to the aid of the section. The thole section. The thole section. The thole section. The whole section. The whole section. Subsections (l)(d) and (3)(b). 44 SCHEELE 8 Revocations of Regulations and Orders Regulation 17(4) 1 Regulations car Order 2 Extent of Revocation Regulations dated 12 Decoder 1505 for the processes of sorting, willeying, . washing, ccribing and carding wool, goat hair and rampl hair and -processes incidental thereto, (The Wool, Goat Hair aid Camel Hair "Regulations 1905), S.R- & 0, 1905/1293; amsried by S.l. 1900/1690. The whole Regulations Regulations dated 26 February 1936 In respect of the processes of spinning and weaving flax and tew and processes incidental tliereto. (The Flax and Tow Spinning and Weaving Regulations 1906), S.R. 6 0. 1506/177. Regulations 1, 2 and 12 Regulations dated 28 August 1937 for the of spinning and weaving hemp or jute, or heny or jute tew and processes Incidental thereto, (The Hemp Spinning and Weaving Regulations 1907), S.R. & 0. 1907/660; amended by S.l. 1948/1696. Regulations 1, 2 and 7 Regulations datpd 20 December 1937 in respect of processes Involving the use of horsehair firm China, Siberia or Russia, (The Horsehair Regulations 1907), S.R. fc 0. 1907/984; amended by S.l. 1980/1690. The whole Regulations Regulations dated 18 December 1938 for the use of East Indian Wool, (The East India Wool Regulations 1908), '' S.R. & 0. 1908/1287. The tfole Regulations Order dated 22 March 1918 for securing the welfare of the workers employed in factories or parts of factories In *hich bichromate of potassltaa or sodium is used In tanning by tbe *1two bath" process (The Tanning (TWo-Bath Process) Welfare Order 1918), S.R.& 0. 1918/368; amended by S.R. & 0. 1930/312 and S.l. 1980/1690. The whole Order ; y cr- -? '15 1 Regulations or Order 2 Extent of Revocation Order dated 22 March 1918 for securing the welfare of the workers employed In factories or parts of factories in vrtrLch bichromate of potassium or is used in dyeing other than job-dyeing, (The Dyeing (Use of Bichoromate of Potassium or Sodium) Welfare Order 1918), S.R. & 0. 1918/369; amended by S.I. 1960/1690. ' Order dated 15 August 1919 (The Fruit Preserving Order 1919), S.R- & 0. 1919/1136. The Hallow-ware and Galvanising Welfare Order 1921, S.R- & 0. 1921/2032. The Hides and Sdns Regulations 1921, S.R- & O. 1921/2076; iert<rt by 1937/769 airt S.I. 1980/1690. The Indiarubber Regulations 1922 S.R- & 0. 1922/329; smarted b? S.I. 1973/36 and S.I. 1960/1248. The Chsslcal Works Regulations 1922, S.R. & 0. 1922/731; snded by S.I. 1961/2435; S.I. 1973/36; S.I. 1974/1681; S.I. 1981/16 arrt S.I. 1981/917. The vhole Order Article 6 The whole Order The whole Regulations The definitions (a) "appointed doctor"; (b) "employable medical 'adviser"; (c) "fime process" The paragraph "It shall be the duty of every person aiployed to observe Part n of these Regulations" Regulations 2 to 19. The definitions - (a) "appointed doctor"; (b) "enplpyosit medical adviser"; (c) "caustic"; (d) "caustic pot"; (e) "chrome process"; 4-078 46 1 Regulations or Order (Chemical Works Regs) (Contd.) * / The Grinding of Metals (Miscellaneous Industries) Regulations 1925, S.R. h 0. 1925/904; ammded by 5.1. 1949/2225, S.I. 1950/688, 5.1. 1970/535 and S.I. 1981/1486. 2 Extent of Revocation (f) "nicro and antdo process"; (g) efficient eshaust draft". Regulations 1 to 3 Regulation 6 Regulation 9 Regulation 10 Regulation 17(l)(a) and (b) and 17(2)(a) to (d), (f) and (g) In the application of Fart II - paragraph I in paragraph II the words "or bleaching powder" paragraph HI to V Regulations 18 to 24 Regulations 25(a)(1) to (iv), and (vii) 25(b)(1), <ii) and (iv) Regulations 26 to 30 In Regulation 31(a) the wards "respirators goggles and gloves" and the words from "and shall deposit" until the end of that sub-paragraph Regulation 31(b) and (c) The vhole Regulations '-7.77 n 1 Regulations or Order 2 Extent of Revocation Tb Grinding of Cutlery and Edge Tools Regulations 1925, S.R. & D. 1925/1089; ambled by S.I. 1950/370, S.I. 1970/535 ad 1961/1486. The Bakehouses Welfare Order 1927, S.R. & 0. 1927/191; ansvded by S.I. 1960/1690. The Biscuit Factories Welfare Order 1927, S.R. & O. 1927/872; amended by S.I. 1960/1690. The Tanning Welfare Order 1930, S.R. & 0. 1930/312; amended by S.I. 1960/1690. The Refractory Materials Regulations 1931, SJL & 0. 1931/359. The Qntirdum Plating Regulations 1931, S.R. & 0. 1931/455; amended by S.I, 1973/9. The Sng^r Factories Welfare Order 1931, S.R. 6 0. 1931/684. Tie Patent Fuel Manufacture (Health and Welfare) Special Regulations 1946. S.R. & 0. 1946/238; amended by S.I. 1973/36. The Pottery (Health) Special Regulations 1947, S.R. & 0. 1947/2161. The Jute (Safety, Health and Welfare) Regulations 1948, S.R. & 0. 1948/1696. The Blasting (Casting and Other Articles) Special Regulations 1949, S.I. 1949/2225; snxsded by S.I. 1981/1332. Tte vhole Regulations The whole Order The whole Order Articles 6 and 7 Article 9 The whole Regulations The whole Regulations Regulations 2 and 3 Regulation 5 The whole Regulations In Regulation 2, the definitions (a) "ground or pondered flint or quartz"; (b) "potters' Shop". Regulations 5 and 6 Regulations 5 to 10 Regulation 12 The whole Regulations bu L. 4-f*;7?S 43 1 Regulations or Order The Pottery (Health end Welfare) Special Regulations 1950, S.I.1950/65; amaided by S.I. 1963/879, S.I. 1973/36, S.I. 1960/1248 and S.I. 1982/877. The Grinding of Cutlery and Edge Tools (Amendment) Special Regulations 1950, S.I. 1950/370. The Grinding of Metals (Miscellaneous Industries) (Amendment) Special Regulations 1950, S.I. 1950/688. The Foundries (Parting Materials) Special Regulations 1950, S.I. 1950/1700. The Hydrogen Cyanide (Fuuigation of Buildings) Regulations 1951, S.I. 1951/1759; amended by S.I. 1982/695. 2 Extent of Revocation In Regulation 2(2) the definitions - (a) "Fettling"; (b) "Damp fettling"; (c) 'Flint or quartz mUling (d) "Flintless stoneware"; (e) "Moist method"; (f) "Potters shop"; <g> "Suspension"; (h) "IhLnfale picking"; (i) "Wedging of clay"; Regulation 6 Regulations 9 to 14 Regulations 17 to 22 Regulation 26 Regulations 28 to 32 Schedule 2 The whole Regulations The whole Regulations The %tale Regulations The whole Fegulatiws 49 1 Regulations or Order 2 Extent of Revocation The Hydrogen Cyanide (Funigation of Ships) Regulations 1951, S.I. 1951/1760. The Iron and Steel Foundries Regulations 1953, S.I, 1953/1464; araaided by S.I. 1974/1661 and S.I. 1961/1332. The Mile Spinning (Health) Special Regulations 1953, S.I. 1953/1545; ansried by S.I. 1963/879 ad S.I. 1973/36. The Indiarubber Regulations 1955, S.I. 1955/1626. The Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing Regulations 1960. S.I. 1960/1932; amanded by S.I. 1969/690, S.I. 1969/1681, S.I. 1980/1248 ad 1983/644. The Construction (Geieral Provisions) Regulations 1961, S.I. 1961/1580; aramded by S.I. 1966/94 and S.I. 1974/1681. The Nxi-ferrous Metals (Melting and Founding) Regulations 1962, S.I. 1962/1667; ammded by S.I. 1974/1682 ard S.I. 1981/1332. The Carcinogenic Substances Regulations 1957, S.I. 1967/879; arafflded by S.I. 1973/36. The vhole Regulations In Regulation 2(2) the (a) "approved respirator"; (b) "dressing or operations"; fettling (c) "knock-out operations" The proviso to Regulation 3(2) Regulation 7 Regulations 8(l)(b) and (2) In Regulation 10(1), the number *7" The vhole Regulations The ttele Regulations In Regulation 4(l)(a), for the ranter 77 substitute the runber 76 Regulation 53 Regulation 76 and 77 Regulation 20 Regulation 22 In Regulation 2(2) the definition "approved" Regulations 11 to 13 Regulation 19 The <tele Regulations hi HC 4-0 '90 50 1 Regulations or Order 2 Eictent of Revocation The Carcinogenic Substances (Prohibition of Importation) Order 1967, S.I. 1967/1675. The Anthrax (Cautionary Notice) Order 1968, S.I. 1968/2005. The Abstract of Factories Act Order 1973 S.I. 1973/17, amended by S.I. 1983/978. The Chromium Plating (Amendment) Regulations 1973, S.I. 1973/9. The Abstract of Special Regulations f (Pottery - Health and Welfare) Order 1973, S.I. 1973/37. The whole Order The whole Order Schedule 1 shall be revoked as . follows -- in paragraph A the words from "All practicable measures " to the end of that paragraph. Paragraph 9 Paragraph 13 Schedule 3 shall be revoked as follows. in paragraph 8, the words "Everyone who employs" to nixed . from "are Schedule A shall be revoked as follows - In paragraph 8, the wjrds "Everyere who employs" to mixed". frem "are The whole Regulations In Schedule 1 and 2 (each of which abstracts parts of the Pottery (Health and Welfare) special Regulations 1950 (No. 65) the following paragraphs in each Schedule 6hall be revoked in so far as the reference applies to that Schedule. In paragraph 2(2) the definitions (a) "Fettling"; (b) "Flint or quartz grilling"; (c) 'Tlintless stoneware"; see 4-079^ 51 1 Regulations or Order 2 Detent of Revocation Ibe Abstract of Special Regulations (Oontd) Tte fepleF&gnt Medical tevtmfy Ierviee (Fbeterieg te% Orders ele Aaonfognt) tder 1173, l.t. 1173/36. The fydrag &a\ide (Funlg&taO Ael 113? (lepeks feiifieatieRg) fteguiaii^g wWlti, \mfm* (d) 'hai*t oethod" | (e) 'Totter* #p"{ <f) "Ihinblt ptddng"| (g) 'Wodging of clay"{ Paragrajh 6(l)(vii) to Od) Zii paragraph 7(2) the words freo "due notice" to the ad of the tub* paragraph* Paragraphs 9 to 16 ' Paragraphs 17 to 22 Paragraph 26 Paragraphs 28 to 32 The second schedule In Part H of Sie Schedule die fsUwlns entries relating to - (a) The TndUrubber tegula- tdens 19221 (b) The Cheatal Regulations 1922) Works (e) The Patt Fuel few iaetute (Heald\ sd Welfare) Regulations 19661 <d) The Mile laming SpeetM fe^iUtiefig 1113) () The Sareinei^ie Subteea Ragulatlang 1967 Tte whale Regulatieng 3CL 4-0793 1 Regulations or Order The Health and Safety (Agriculture) (Poisonous Substances) Regulations, S.I. 1975/282*, The Health and Safety (Animal Products) (Metrication) Regulations I960, S.I. 1960/1690. The Chemical Works (Metrication) Regulations 1961, S.I. 1961/16. The Health and Safety (Fotndrf.es etc.) (Metrication) Regulations 1901, S.I. 1981/1332. The Grinding of Metals etc. (Metrication) Regulations 1961, S.I. 1981/1486. The Pottery (Health etc.) (Metrication) Regulations 1982, S.I. 1962/877. /' The Hydrogen Cyanide (Fumigation of Buildings) (Amgvdnwnt) Regulations, S.I. 1982/695. 2 Extent of Revocation The whole Regulations The whole Regulations In the schedule the entries relating to - (a) Regulation 1; (b) Regulations 18, 2D, and 21; and (e) Regulation 28 In tiie Schedule the eitries relating to (a) The Blasting (Casting aid other Articles) Special Regulations 1949. The wftiole Regulations In the Schedule the eitries relating to tie following Regulations of the Pottery (Health and Welfare) Special Regulations 1950 - (a) Regulation 6; (b) Regulation 12; (c) Regulations 17 and 22; and (d) Regulation 29 The whole Regulations * Poisonous Substances in Agriculture Regulations 196- will be substituted then made Typed by the HS^'b Specialist Typists, Specialist Typing Unit, 25 Chapel Street, Uxdoi NW1 5DT. 53 Farther copies of this publication can be obtained from the Health and Safety Executive, Enquiry Point, St Hugh's House, Trinity Road, Bootle, Merseyside, L20 3QY. Telephone 051 951 4381 ISBN 07176 02133 NOT FOR PUBLICATION 24 AUGUST 1984 ACTS/VCri/WG/GN/33/6 VINYL CHLORIDE: GUIDANCE NOTE EH + TOXIC HAZARDS AND PRECAUTIONS contents INTRODUCTION PROPERTIES OF VINYL CHLORIDE HEALTH HAZARDS RESPONSIBILITIES CONTROL LIMITS ALARM LEVELS ASSESSMENT CONTROL MEASURES FOR MATERIALS, PLANT AND PROCESSES Design and operation Local exhaust ventilation Vencing General ventilation Cleaning and waste disposal AIR MONITORING Discontinuous methods Continuous methods Measuring equipment Location o sampLing points for fixed analysers or automatic sequential fixed poinc sampling systems Accuracy and calibration Leak detection Alarm systems Recording of results PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT Respiratory protective equipment Protective" clothing PERMITS-TO-WORK Confined spaces Maintenance operations MAINTENANCE OF CONTROL MEASURES EMERGENCY PLANNING REGISTERED WORKERS HEALTH SURVEILLANCE INFORMATION, INSTRUCTION, AND TRAINING FACILIIIES Washing and changing'facilities Arrangements for earing, drinking and smoking NOT LFICATION TO THE HSE RECORDS ' APPENDIX L: APPENDIX 2: Properties of vinyl chloride Sampling strategy flow chart APPENDIX 3: Modal letter to the family practitioner of a vinyl chloride worker on his leaving employment with vinyl chloride . APPENDIX 4: . Model form of consent for disclosure of a worker's medical records relating to vinyl chloride to Appointed Doctor APPENDIX 5: APPENDIX 6: Records Legal requirements APPENDIX I PROPERTIES OF VINYL CHLORIDE SYNONYMS CHEMICAL FORMULA PROPERTIES General Physical Chemical Boiling Point Freezing Point Flash Point (open cup) Liquid Density Vapour Density Solubility VC, Vinyl Chloride Monomer, VCM, Monochloroechylene, Monochloroechene CH2 - CHCL Vinyl Chloride is a colourless gas at ambient temperature and pressure with a sweetish odour at high concentrations. It is normally scored and handled under pressure as a colourless liquid -13-9cC -153.7C -78C 0.983 (at 20C) 2.15 (relative to air at 20C) Readily soluble in most organic solvencs but oaly sparingly in water Vinyl .chloride will polymerise exothermically under the influence of light, air, oxygen and initiators such as benzoyl peroxide. Pure vinyl chloride is thermally stable to quite high temperatures, however, peroxides formed by slow reaction with oxygen in air may initiate polymerisation. Stablisers, such as benzoquinone or p-methoxyphenol, and storage in an oxygen free atmosphere tnnibic adventitious polymerisation {\ - o / APPENDIX.3 Dear Doccor CONTROL OF SUBSTANCES HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH REGULATIONS 198APPROVED CODE OF PRACTICE FOR TEE CONTROL OF VINYL CHLORIDE AT WORK' Mr/Mrs/Miss ............................................................................................... Dace of Birch ......................... ................................. .. Address ........................................................................... ....................................................................... ............... is abouc Co leave/has jusc left employment here where ha/she was registered as a worker potentially or actually exposed to vinyl chloride monoaer (VCM). Exposure to high levels of VCM has been associated with angiosarcoma fibrosis of the liver, portal hypertension due to non-cirrhocic periportal/and acro-oscsolysis particularly of the terminal phalanges of the haods. Other effects have been reported as occurring ia workers chronically exposed to vinyl chloride monomer at similar levels of exposure, although such reports have been disputed by others. These include tumours of the brain, lung, haeao-lymphopoietic system, and skin (malignant/melanoma), lung function disorders, chrombocycopoeaia and immune complex disorders. Effects on reproduction have also been reported. Whilst exposure co such levels is unlikely co have been incurred since 1975, the lacenc period particularly for the firsc cvo above mentioned conditions may be prolonged. May I tnerefore suggest cnac this letter which (together with the patients form of consent) has been, approved by the General Medical APPENDIX 4 CONTROL OF SUBSTANCES HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH REGULATIONS 198APPROVED CODE OF PRACTICE FOR TEE CONTROL OF VINYL CHLORIDE AT U*ORK MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE (Give surname I, ................................................................................................... .................. born ............................................ and full fore names, give dace of ................................. ............... .............. ............................. ................................................................................ or birch chus eg 3 SEPT 36 ............................................................................................................................................................................................ hereby give coaseac for che Appoinced Doccor oc che Area Employment Medical Adviser Co discuss with my family doctoc my medical and occupacional history and I also consenc Co Che release co my family doccor of such records iasofar as Chey relace co my exposure to Vinyl Chloride Monomer. I confirm chac Dr ............................................................................ .. Appoinced Doccor has explained co me che reasons for chis consenc being sought and I believe chac I have understood chese raasons. I agree Co a copy~of chis consenc and explanatory leccar, wnicn I have seen, being saac co my present family doccor, Dr ........................................................................................... .. of ............................................. .. ............................................................................................................................... /' . i Signed ............................ '................. ......................................... Date ............................................................................................... Witness ..................................................................................... APPENDIX 5 RECORDS The records which should be kept in relation to the control of vinyl chloride ac work are summarised below with cross references to the relevant paragraphs of the main text of the Guidance Note. (a) Assessment (paras 22-29); (b) Atmospheric monitoring (paras 55-57); (c) Maintenance of monitoring equimenc (para 53) (d) Leakages of vinyl chloride (para 59(1); (e) Examinations of ventilation equipment (para 59(2)); (f) Excursions above the alarm levels during araa monitoring (para 59(3)); (g) Persoaal monitoring (para 59(A)); (h) Names of persons trained and autnorised to use respiratory protective equipment (para 66); (i) Inspections of respiratory protective equipment (para 69); (j) Permits-to-vork (paras 71 and 77); (k) Maintenance of control measures (paras 79 and 80); (l) Register of registered workers' (para 33) (m) Occupational health records of registered-workers (paras 91 and 92). Records may be kept in any suitable forms, including oicrofila, computer or similar techniques, provided cney can be reviewed reaoily when required. Occupational health records should be .kept for 50 years after the lasc entry made in Chernyh Records of acmospheric monitoring should be kept for at least 30 years. All ocher records should be kept for a oiniaua of 2 years. INTRODUCTION 1 Vinyl chloride is a colourless, highly flammable gas at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. It is normally stared and handled under pressure as a colourless liquid. It has a slightly sweet odour detectable at concentrations above 2000 ppm. In the UK virtually all vinyl chloride is used as starting material for the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) homopolymer; a small amount is used for copolymerisation with vinyl acetate. PVC is used extensively in pipes, flooring, home furnishings, electric cable insulation, blow moulded containers, packaging and records. 2 This Guidance Note has been prepared on the basis, of joint discussions becveea representatives of cne Confederation of British tnduscry, Che Trades Union Congress and the Health aad Safety Executive within a Working Group or Che Health and Safety Commission's Advisory Committee on Toxic Substances. 3 This Guidance Note provides practical guidance for employers, selfemployed persons and persons in coatrol of vinyl chloride monomer manufacture and polymerisation plants to assist them in complying with the Coatrol of Suscaaces Hazardous to Health Regulations 198- and Approved Code of Practice for the Control of Vinyl Chloride at Work. References in this note to 'employers' should be taken to include self-employed persons. This Guidance Note may also be helpful to safety representatives in fulfilling their statutory functions under che Safety Representatives and Safety Committees Regulations 1977. The guidance will be used by Inspectors of the Health and Safecy Executive (HSE) as pact of their criteria for assessing compliance with cne Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 and ocher relevant statutory provisions.. 4 The Concrol of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 198- apply to all toxic substances used at work, including vinyl chloride. The Directive of the Council of the European Communities (78/610/EEC) on che approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of tne Member States on che protection of che health of wockers exposed to vinyl chloride monomer appLies to che protection of tnose workers wno:- 1 see d 09o (a) are employed in works in which vinyl chloride is produced, reclaimed, scored, discharged into containers, transported or used in any way whatsoever or in which vinyl chloride is converted into vinyl chloride polymers, and (b) are likely to be affected by exposure to vinyl chloride in a working area. 5 VINYL CHLORIDE IS HIGHLY FLAMMABLE AND PRESENTS A CONSIDERABLE FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD; THIS GUIDANCE NOTE DOES NOT GIVE ADVICE ON SUCH RISKS. Viayl chloride comes within the group of subscaaces defined in Class 2 of Part II of Schedule 1 of the Notification of Installacicns Handling Hazardous Substances Regulations 1982. It also comes within the definition of a flammable gas as sec out in Schedule L(c)(i) of the Control of Industrial Major Accident Hazards Regulations 1984. Some of the requirements of these Regulations overlap with certain sections of this Guidance Noes. Where this occurs reference is made in the text and the Regulations should be consulted for further details. 6 This Guidance Note does not give detailed advice on the control of emissions of vinyl- chloride to the atmosphere. EM Industrial Air Pollution Inspectorate is responsible for the control of air pollution arising from industrial processes involving the production of FVC and copolymers from viayl chloride monomer. For detailed guidance on the control of emissions, reference should be made co the tiSE Note on Best Practicable Means B?M 3/79 : Pscroleum Works (PVC Polymer Plants). PROPERTIES OF VINYL CHLORIDE 7 The properties of vinyl chloride are set out in Appendix I. HEALTH HAZARDS 8 Vinyl chloride is a gas at room temperature and atmospheric pressure and the most common route of absorption into che body is by inhalation. 2 4 9 Acute exposure to vinyl chloride vapour causes central nervous system effects, the severity of which increase with exposure* At exposures of 50-500 parts per million (ppm) ia air for 7 hours no appareat acute effects have been found in humans. However, exposure to 20,000 ppm (2X) for 3 minutes resulted in dizziness and disorientation. Incapacitation occurred at concentrations above 80,000 ppm (82) over 5 minutes. Exposure to concentrations of 300,000 400,000 ppm (30-402) is rapidly fatal. LQ Chronic exposure to vinyl chloride has been associated with angiosarcoma of the liver, liver or spleen fibrosis (similar to the perilobular fibrosis known as Band's Syndrome), circulatory disorders in the hands and feet (similar to Raynaud's Phenomenon, also known as white finger), scleroderma (a degenerative lesion characterised by stiffness of the skia and soft tissues) and aero-osteolysis (a deterioration of certain bones, most commonly the terminal phalanges of the fingers). Such effects have usually occurred after chronic exposure to levels in excess of 100 ppm (see para 12). Vinyl chloride is a proven human carcinogen with no known threshold of effect. 11 Ocher effects have been reported as occurring in workers chronically exposed to vinyl chloride monomer at similar levels of exposure, although such reports have been disputed by ochers. These iaclude tumours of Che brain, lung, haeso-lymphopoietic system, and skin (malignant melanoma), lung function disorders, chrombocycopoenia and immune complex disorders. Effects on reproduction have also been reported. 12 Tne general consensus of opinion is cnac polymerisation workers between 1940 and 1975 mighc have been exposed to levels of vinyl chloride of the following order:-- 1945-55 1000 ppm 1955-60 400 - 500 ppm 1960-70 300 - 400 ppm Kid-1973 150 ppm 1975 5 ppm 3 Throughout the world there will have been variations around these figures because of differences in plant design or process operation. RESPONSIBILITIES 13 Employers must do all that is reasonably practicable to safeguard the health of their employees and others wno may be affected by work activities involving vinyl chloride. In particular, they have a duty to comply with the provisions of the dealth and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974, the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 198- and the ACoP on Vinyl Chloride. Employers may also have a responsibility to comply with the Factories Act 1961 and other associated health and safety legislation (see Appendix 5). Section 2(3) of the HSW Act requires employers, with certain exceptions, to prepare, and revise as appropriate, a written statement or their general policy with respect to the health and safety at work of their employees and the organisation and arrangements used to carry out chat policy and to bring the statement and any revision of it to the notice of all of their employees. The arrangements within the organisation for a formal system of joint consultation between management and employees and their representatives on all aspects of the Approved Code of Practice on Vinyl Chloride should also be set out in the safety policy. 15 In the safety policy, a member of senior management should be given responsibility for ensuring that the matters' covered by the Vinyl Chloride ACoP, the Health and Safecy at Vork etc. Act and the Factories Acc, etc are implemented- These include cne responsibility for safe systems of work, safe places of work, training, monitoring, emergency procedures, joint consultation ecc. tie snould be provided with appropriate support as may be necessary. 16 Responsibility for implementing particular aspects of the Approved Code of Practice and this Guidance Note should be allocated ac each appropriate level within the organisation with a clear line of communication from plant operatives to the person in overall charge. Seeps should be taken to ensure chat individuals understand and accept their responsibilities . 4 45 1.7 Employees should cooperate with management ia implementing health and safety precautions and in making proper use of the equipment and facilities provided for their protection. They should report immediately to their supervisors any suspected faults or material defects in plant or deficiencies in the control measures taken to contain vinyl chloride and reduce exposure, 18 Safety policies need to be reassessed at regular intervals to ensure chat they are still appropriate and effective, particularly when significant cnanges in plant or work activities occur. Such assessment should include, of course, the organisation and arrangements for complying with the legislation, code of practice, etc relevant to vinyl chloride. CONTROL LIMITS 19 The Control Limit for occupational exposure to vinyl chloride vapour in air is an Annual Control Limit of 3 ppm and Is the value which should not be exceeded by the concentration, averaged with respect to time, of vinyl chloride monomer in the atmosphere of a working area over a period of one year. Oaly periods of plant operation including, where necessary, any maintenance time should be taken into account, Periods during which alarm level concentrations are measured need not be taken into account when assessing compliance with the Annual Coacrol Limit. In practice, the atmosphere of working areas should be moaicorad regularly (see paragraphs 3762) and the results summarised oa a shift and monthly basis. A 'rolling average' time weighted average concentration of vinyl chloride-ia-air can then be calculated and over any period of 12 successive calendar months it should not exceed 3 ppm. In this way, past compliance with the Annual Control Limit can be checked and trends noted. This Annual.Control Limit is supplemented by an 8 hour time weighted average (TVA) Control Limit of 7 ppm for personal exposure with the proviso chat the Annual Control Limit is not exceeded. These Control Limits have been judged after decailed consideration to be ' reasonably practicable for the whole spectrum of work activities in Great Britain and should not normally be exceeded. 20 For substances, such as vinyl chloride, for which there are no known thresholds below which adverse effects do not occur not only should exposure be kept below the Control Limits buc it snould also be reduced scill further until the point is reached where the costs of further concrol measures are not Justified ia terms of the additional reduction in risk. 5 ALARM LEVELS 21 In vinyl chloride monomer manufacturing and polymerisation, plants there should be a system for Che automatic detection of high levels of airborne vinyl chloride in places where these may occur (see para 54). The following concentrations of vinyl chloride in the atmosphere of a working area should be Created as alarm levels, signalling the need for evacuation and remedial action:- (a) 15 ppm when measured over a period of 1 hour, or (b) 20 ppm when measured over a period of 20 niauces, or (c) 30 ppm wnen measured over a period of 2 minutes. Where a continuous mulci-point analyser (see paragraphs 40-41) is used, two successive readings above the appropriate concentration will determine the existence of an 3larm level, ie L5 ppm over a period of 1 hour and 20 ppm over a period of between 20 and 30 minutes. ASSESSMENT 22 Under the Control of Substances hazardous to Health Regulations an employer must not carry on any work which may expose his employees to any substance hazardous to health unless he has made an adequate assessment of Che risics to health created by the substance. The assessment involves identifying the nature of the substance, the risks to tne health of persons who may be exposed, the tiacure and degree of exposure which may occur during the course of work and.the steps to be taken to avoid risfcs to health. In order to ensure effective control of exposure to vinyl chloride, it is necessary to collect and assess adequate data on the circumstances under which exposure may arise. In existing plants, most cf these data will already nave been obtained. All work activities which may involve exposure should be assessed to identify actual and potential sources or emission of vinyl chloride vapour into tne worsting atmosphere. The nature and degree of exposure should be scudiad in eacn case. In Appendix 2, a flow chare secs out a sampliag strategy for the assessment of exposure to toxic substances. Assessment permits the formulation of pLans for the development and introduction of effective engineering, operational and ocher measures for the prevention or control of exposure, for the maintenance S'~C 0. ~ !~i ;_3 of such measures and .for che long-cerm monitoring of cheir effectiveness. Ic also indicates activities where che oaiy reasonably practicable method of preventing exposure is by using respiratory protective equipment. In existing plants, operating experience and monitoring data should already have led to the introduction of most of these cootrol measures. 23 The employer should ensure chat whoever carries out che assessment is competent for the purpose and has received adequate information, instruction and training. 24 Examples of work activities which may give rise to exposure to vinyl chloride include:-* (a) transport, storage, discharging into containers, breaking down froQ bulk, polymerisation, reclamation and sampling of vinyl chloride or materials, including waste, containing ic in residual.or unreacced form; (b) t the operation, cleaning, maintenance and repair of any apparatus or process plant used in the production and conveyance or vinyl chloride or in its polymerisation and che handling and storage of freshly polymerised material. 25 An employer should consider act only che exposure of his employees engaged upon work with vinyl chloride buc also thac of:- (a) ocher of his employees not directly involved with vinyl chloride who could be affected by Chat work activity; (b) ocher people who may be exposed while on che premises, eg tne employees of outside contractors engaged on maintenance; (c) members of che public who may be affected by emissions and discharges from che workplace. 26 To estimate che degree of exposure to vinyl chloride by inhalation, ic is usually necessary co carry cut a comprehensive personal atmospheric sampling survey. However, vinyl chloride in air estimations need not be carried out in every individual case, particularly when sufficient information based on previous measurements is already available in relation to a specific work activity or where ic may be possible to group employees on the basis of similarity of degree of exposure and type of work done to enable an adequate assessment of likely exposure to be made. It is important to study the pattern of exposure of workers in different jobs aad locations over whole workshifts and to identify when and where the highest exposures are likely to occur caking into account the possibility of unusual circumstances such as plant breakdowns or emergencies. 27 it is important to carry out sufficient sampling to enable accurate 8 hour time-weighted average concentrations to be calculated. However, shorter term sampling may assist in the assessment of the performance of engineering controls. The survey of exposures should be extended over sufficient workshifts to ensure cnat the variability of exposure is adequately studied. Further detailed information and advice is available in HSE Guidance Note EH <i2 - 'Monitoring Strategies for Toxic Substances'. 28 Ic is recommended that the results of the assessment be recorded and a copy provided on request at any reasonable time during working hours to employees and/or their representatives at the place of work. 29 The assessment should be revised whenever there is evidence or reason to suspect chat ic is no longer valid, as a result of, for exampleJ- (aj a significant change in the work activity; this could be a change in plant, processes or.mecnods of work chat might affect the nature or degree of exposure, such as the raising of process temperatures or changes in engineering controls; (b) results of air monitoring at the work place revealing an increase in exposure; (c) data arising from health surveillance; (d) new information on health risks becoming available. CONTROL MEASURES FOR MATERIALS, PLANT AND PROCESSES 3CC -080^ 30 When considering appropriate control measures for reducing exposure to a toxic substance, che first strategy to examine is substitution with less hazardous materials, including the alteration of synthesis routes to avoid using or producing toxic intermediates. Users or potential users of vinyl chloride and polyvinyl chloride should consider the use of a less toxic substance but if that is not possible control measures snould be applied as far as is reasonably practicable, Irrespective of the size of the plant, to minimise exposure of personnel to vinyl chloride. 31 Control may be considered adequate when exposure to vinyl chloride is effectively controlled to the occupational Control Limits and as far below them as is reasonably practicable in the particular circumscances. The objective in applying materials, plant and process coatrol measures is to ensure adequate control of exposure without recourse to persoaal protective equipment so far as is reasonably practicable. Design and operation 32 Equipment and processes should be designed and operated to eliminate or minimise the risks of leakages and spillages of vinyl chloride and to minimise the need for maintenance or other work which requires the breaching of and/or entry into plant in which vinyl chloride is liable to be present. General ventilation 3J Good general ventilation should be provided for rooms and buildings in wnicn processes involving vinyl cniocide are carried on and as far as possible plant should be sited in the open. Local exhaust^ventilation 34 Vinyl'chloride should be handled in enclosed equipment provided with local exhaust ventilation at any points where the emission of vapour cannot be eliminated by improved design or maintenance. Local exhaust ventilation should also be provided at specific locations in process plant to ensure chat maintenance operations can be carried out safely. Venting See 4-08io 35 HM Industrial Air Pollution Inspectorate and HM Factory Inspectorate should be consulted, on any points relating to plant or storage where tnere is che potential for the emissioa of vinyl chloride into the atmosphere to ensure that both the public and che workforce are not at risk. o Cleaning and waste disposal 36 Waste polyvinyl chloride slurry containing significant levels of residual vinyl chloride should be stripped of vinyl chloride prior to suitable treat ment of the liquid waste for general disposal. Solid polyvinyl chloride waste should preferably be dried before disposal. Wasces arising from vinyl chloride processes should be handled and disposed of in accordance with the Department of Environment Waste Management Paper No 15:. 'Halogenated Organic Wastes - A Technical Memorandum on Arisings, Treatment and Disposal including a Code of Practice'. AIR MONITORING 37 The objectives of monitoring concentrations of airborne vinyl chloride in working areas are:- (1) Co verify that any technical measures and working procedures maintain adequate control of exposure; (2) to detect abnormal increases in vinyl chloride-in-air levels which may occur as a result of failure or malfunction of some part of the piant or apparatus, with references to the short tern alarm levels for vinyl cnloride; (3> to provide adequate records of the exposure of individuals for the purpose of epidemiology. 38 The arrangements for monitoring require careful planning to achieve effective and efficient use of resources. A formal air monitoring plan should be drawn up and made known to all employees working in areas where vinyl chloride is liable to be present. The plan should contain details of the air monitoring procedures and equipment that are to be used to meet the objectives sec out in para 37, including details o:- (a) cne parts of plant, working areas and occupational groups of employees to be monitored; (b) the type of air saapling to be carried out, eg personal air sampling, fixed point air sampling; 10 3LL A-;'.8 1 1 (c) Che frequency of air sampling and the-siting of air sampling equipment; (d) Che types of sampling and analytical equipment to he used; (e) arrangements for the testing and calibration of sampling and analytical equipment; (f) Che statistical analysis and presentation of the air sampling results. The information obtained from Che inicial and any subsequent assessments snould be used when planning or revising the details of the monitoring procedures. 39 Static sampling will be the main method used routiaely for assessing compliance with the Annual Coacrol Limit and detection of alarm levels in vinyl chloride monomer production and polymerisation plants. In order to assess compliance with the 8 hour TWA Coacrol Limit personal monitoring will be necessary. 40 Static sampling may be either by discontinuous or continuously opecaciag sequential systems, except at vinyl chloride polymerisation plants sited within buildings where oaiy the latter methods should be used. 41 Where discontinuous air sampling techniques are used, the frequency of measurements should be sufficient to predict with a confidence coefficient of at least 9Vt/chat there is compliance with the Annual Coacrol Limit, in ocher words chat the Coacrol Limit value falls above the upper 95% confidence limit for the true annual arithmetic mean for the working area. The required frequency will thus depend upon the variability of concentrations with time. 42 Where vinyl chloride is handled intermittently, monitoring of exposures by personal sampling should be done sufficiently often, to ensure chat technical control measures and working procedures are adequate co keep exposure below cne Concrol Limits. SCC 4 -081 4J Large working areas will normally require more Chan one monitoring poicic and in such cases cne average value of che measurements recorded should be considered as che represencacive value when assessing compliance with che Annual Concrol Limit. Measuring equionent 44 The sensitivity, range, selectivity and speed of respoase of an analytical device should be appropriate to the duty it is required to perform. Electrical equipment in flammable atmospheres should be suitably constructed, protected and installed; guidance is available in BS Code of Practice 1003. 45 The following techniques are amoag those suitable for detection and measurement of vinyl chloride (a) gas chromatography (b) infra-red absorption analysis (c) flame ionisation detection Flame ionisation detection is not specific for vinyl chloride and may therefore give readings which are greater than the actual concentration. 46 Gas samples may be taken by any technique which is recognised and acceptable for the analytical technique to be used. 47 A comprehensive description of the various analytical techniques available for the measurement of vinyl chloride are given in 'The Determination or Vinyl Chloride: A Plane Manual - Analytical Methods for the Control of Vinyl Chloride Concentrations Ln and Axound Manufacturing and Process Plants' published by the Chemical Industries Association Liaiced, Alembic Uous6, 93 Albert Embankment:, London SEi 7TU. Details of one of Che personal sampling mechods used by ESE are available in MDBS 24 - 'Vinyl Chloride in Air: Laboratory method using charcoal abosrbenc tubes, solvent desorption and gas chromatography'. Locacion of saaplinc points for fixed analysers or automatic sequential fixed point sampling systems 48 Sampling points should be locaced within cna working area to sample ait representative of cnac breached by the workers. The probes should normally L2 be sited at breaching height and at local places where the air movement is representative of the general working area and should not impede the movement of workers, access to or operation of equipment. 49. Other locations for sampling points may also need to be chosen so that any increase in concentration of vinyl chloride arising as a result 'of leakage or plant malfunction can be detected as sooa as possible (see para 54). Accuracy and calibration 50 lx a measuring system is used which records vinyl cnloride and ocner substances without being capable of distinguishing between them, Che results obtained should be regarded as representing vinyl chloride only. Special consideration may need to be given to the interpretation of results where there are indications chac the Coacrol Limit is being exceeded but it is knoim chat this is due to other substances. 51 The precision and accuracy of the sampling systems used should be investigated over the vinyl chloride in air concentration range of 1-30 ppQ. An accuracy of + 10% within this range is satisfactory- The method used and the results obtained should be recorded. 52 Measuring equipment should be calibrated regularly, in accordance with the agreed air monitoring plan, using the most appropriate technical methods. The calibration of automatic air sampling sysceas should preferably involve the injection of air samples containing known amounts of vinyl chloride into the system at sampling poincs, rather than directly into the analysing instruments Leak detection 53 Leak detection may be carried out by the following ateans:- (a) porcable analyser; (b) mobile sample line attached to a non-portable analyser; (c) ultra-sonic leak detector. 13 SCC 4-MR;4 Alarm systems 54 Whatever sampling system is used for routine monitoring, there should also be a system for the automatic detection of high levels or airborne vinyl chloride in places vhere these may occur, eg in the event of plant failure. The alarm system may be integrated with a continuously operating or permanent sequential system provided for the purpose of air monitoring. Recording and presentation of results 55 The results of all atmospheric monitoring at fixed points should be available for inspection by personnel working in areas where vinyl chloride is liable to be present and their representatives ac any time during a working period. Where continuously operating multi-point sequential sampling methods are employed, the results should be displayed as far as possible within two hours of the end of each shire sampled. . Where discontinuous method and/or personal monitoring are used, the results should be displayed within 24 hours or completion of the sampling period where possible. 56 In the areas where continuously operating multi-point sequential sampling and analysing equipment is installed, results should be summarised on a shift basis for each identifiable work area showing the average concentration in the area. Basic details of the position and number of sampling points together with the frequency of sampling and analytical methods used should be Included at.the beginning of Che series of records and thereafter need only be recorded when changes occur in the monitoring procedure. / 57 In chie areas where sampling is carried out ocher chan on each shirt, the individual time weighted average results should be recorded. These should be summarised on a monthly basis showing the average concentration at each location with an analysis of the distribution of tne individual results. 58 Records of maintenance and monitoring should provide sufficient inrormation to enable employers, self employed persons, persons in control of premises, employees and/or chair representatives at tne workplace, and enforcing authorities to:- (a) ascertain whether maintenance or monitoring has been, carried oat; (b) monitor the performance and effectiveness of control measures; (c) gain access to information on any defects or matters requiring attention and on the remedial action, taken; (d) identify exposure trends. 59 The records should contain at least the following information:- (1) Leakages of vinyl chloride (a) description of area or plant inspected; (b) date of inspection; (c) time of inspection and shift; (d) statement of any defects or leaks found that might result in the release of vinyl chloride vapour above the 8 hour TWA Control Limit or alarm levels; (e) significant uncontrolled or abnormal emissions of vinyl chloride to the atmosphere reported to EMIAPl; (f) indication of action taken following discovery of faults; (g; aams, signature and appointment of person making inspection. (2) Examinations of ventilation equipment (a) location and type or plant; (b) date of examination; 15 -.(c) instruments used and results of instrument readings; (d) defects noted; (e) action taken; (f) name, signature and appointment of person making examination. (3) Excursions above the alarm levels as detected during area monitoring (a) part of factory to which Che record refers; (b) precise location within the factory; (c) date, time and (where known) duration; (d) maximum time weighted average concentrations recorded; (f) result or investigation; (g) action taken; (h) name signature and appointment of person making Inspection. (4) Personal monitoring (a) name of employee; (b) dace; (c) time and duration of exposure; (d) time weighted average concentrations recorded; (e) precise ducy and working area witnin factory; () nacure and nominal efficiency of respiracory proceccive equipment (if worn). 16 S --U 4- 00.1 7 The results of personal monitoring should be summarised on. a monthly basis by job category in each plant in addition to shift results. 60 If respiratory protective equipment is worn by any.personnel during air monitoring exercises, chis should be recorded together with.the nature and aotainal protection faccor of the equipment to enable an estimate of the 'actual' exposure to be made. 61 Records may be kept .in any.suitable form, including microfilm, computer or similar techniques, provided chey satisfy the foregoing requirements and can be retrieved readily when required. 62 Records of air monitoring should be kept for at least 30 years. In the long term, air monitoring results may be kept in the form of monthly summaries, but in this case the detailed shift records on which they are based should be kept for at least 1 year. Records of leakages of vinyl chloride and examination of ventilation equipment should be kept for at least 2 years. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT Respiratory protective equipment 63 Where adequate control of exposure to vinyl chloride cannot be achieved by normal engineering controls and cne provision of further control measures for materials, plant and processes Is not reasonably practicable, workers should be provided with adequate and suitable respiracory protective equipment. 'The term 'adequate* with respect to respiracory protective equipment refers to cne ability of the equipment to protect the wearer; `suitable' refers co the correct matching of the equipment to the job and co the person. To be considered adequate and suitable, respiratory protective equipment must be correctly selected and used. It should be noted cnac cne nominal protection factor of respiratory protective equipment can only be achieved if the face fit of the equipment is very good. In the case of vinyl chloride, chis means compressed air line or self-contained breaching apparatus of a type approved by or conforming to a standard approved by tne Health and Safety Executive. 17 see '1 - i'iP 1 r* 64 La particular, adequate and suitable breachiQg apparatus must be worn:- (1) when it is not reasonably practicable to remove vinyl chloride vapour by local exhaust ventilation, e.g. vhea opening equipment which may release appreciable quantities of vinyl chloride to the atmosphere and during the maintenance or repair of equipment. No such operation should be conducted without a permic-to--work issued by a competent person, designated by the employer for this purpose. Precautions should be taken to ensure that ocher unprotected personnel in the vicinity are not liable to be exposed to concentrations of vinyl chloride above the 8 hour TWA Coatrol Limit; (2) during entry into confined spaces which have aoc been certified by a competent person as being safe for entry without breathiag apparatus. 65 following an alarm, adequate and suitable breathiag apparatus should be worn by any person remaining in an affected area until the alarm is over. The source of an escape of vapour should be identified and appropriate corrective action taken without delay. 66 It is recommended chat no person should be required to rely for protection on respiratory protective equipment unless-he has successfully completed a crainiag or refresher course on the use or such equipment within the previous 12 months and has been issued vich a certificate to this effect. The crainiag or refresher course could include cne followings- la) principles of operation and use of equipment; (b) practical use, correct fitting, etc; (c) limitations of the equipment; (d) common defects and accion required; cr~ 18 -- r> S f o (e) company arrangements for issue, cleaning, maintenance, etc; (f) when it is to be used. 67 A register of authorised personnel trained in the use of respiratory protective equipment should be kept:together with a record of each person's training. All breaching apparatus should be maintained in a clean state, in good repair and in efficient working order. It should he inspected every 14 days and defects identified and remedied immediately. . The maintenance schedules should specify chat the compressed air supplied to the wearer of breathing apparatus should contain not more than 5 ppm carbon monoxide or 500 ppm carbon dioxide or 0.5 mg nf*3 oil mist and except for these should be free from contamination by dust, dirt, metallic particles or any ocher toxic or irritant substances whatsoever. The maintenance schedules should also include the source of compressed air, the air line, particularly the connections, and proper cleaning and reissue of equipment. 68 No respiratory protective equipment which has been used should be worn again by another person unless It has been thoroughly cleaned and disinfected. 69 Records of maintenance and inspection of respiratory protective equipment should Include the following information:- (a.) aame and description of equipment'; (b) person issued to, if on personal issue; (c) dace of inspection; (d) description of any defect found and action taken; (a) name, signature and appointment of person making inspection. These records should be kept for at least 2 years Protective clocning see 4-0820 70 Uader normal circumstances, where vinyl chloride is handled within 19 enclosed plane, chere -nay be no need for Che wearing of special procective clothing by process workers. However, certain circumstances, such as entry into confined spaces or some maintenance work, may require the use of special protective clothing. Such situations should be identified as part of the general assessment. The standard of clothing necessary will depend upoQ the nature of exposure. For example, where substantial body contact can be foreseen a high standard of procective clothing should be provided, eg completely enclosing air-fed suits (where respiratory protective equipment is also necessary) of wire reinforced PVC, or overalls of PVC-proofsd material, completed in ali cases by PVC gloves and boots. Where an area is relatively free of vinyl chloride, having perhaps besa cleaned by means of high pressure noses or other methods, overalls of materials such as terylene or cotcoo, may be adequace. PERMITS TO WORK 7i A peraic-co-work is essentially a document which sets out the work to be doae and the precautions to be taken. It predetermines a safe procedure and is a clear record that all foreseeable hazards have been considered in advance and that all appropriate precautions are defined and taken in correct sequence. It does not, in itself, make Che job safe but is dependent for its effectiveness on the persons concerned conscientiously carrying out the requirements of the permit. There should be provision on the permit-to-work for the persons authorising the work to sign to this effect and for the persons carrying out the work to sign the .document at each stage of the operation as it is completed. Permits to work should be issued for ail entries inco coafined spaces and for cercaia maintenance operations. Copies of all permics'-co-work issued should be kept for a minimum period of 2 years. Confined soaces 72 In this Guidance Mote the term 'confined space' includes any chamber, tank, vac, pic, pipe, flue or similar confined space such as, for example, a reactor, duct, or bunker in which vinyl chloride vapour is known to be or is liable to be present. see 4-0821 73 Unless adequate precautions are taken, entry into a confined space involves a particular risk of exposure to very high levels of vinyl chloride or lack of oxygen. Concentrations of vapour may even be such as to involve a 20 risk, of persons being overcome with a consequent risk to life, in addition to the possible long-term effects of exposure. Plant should be designed and operated so as to reduce to a minimum time spent in vessels and the number of occasions requiring entry. 74 In order to reduce the potential short-term and long-term risks, entry into confined spaces should be strictly controlled. A permit-to-work system should be operated and other special precautions taken as outlined in HSE Guidance tfote GS 5 - `entry into Confined Spaces'. 75 Whenever a persoa enters a confined space for any purpose, a lifeline should be worn or, where-this is not practical, some other method should be used, to eaable a second person posted outside the confiaed space to keep in constant contact. The second person should be able to raise the alarm and equipment and trained personnel should be readily available for rescue purposes. All workers involved in any way with work in confined spaces should be fully trained and conversant with the organisation's agreed emergency procedures. 76 Unless a confined space has been certified in writing by a coopeteac person as being, for a specified period, safe for entry without breaching apparatus and the period has not expired ao person should enter or remain in t the confined space for any purpose unless he is wearing suitable breaching apparatus. The permic-co-vork should specify Che type and scandard of personal protective equipment to be worn and ail ocher necessary precautions to be taken. tX 77 Enccy iaco a confiaed space without breaching apparatus should not be authorised by a competent person unless (a) effective steps have been taken to prevent the entry of any vinyl chloride vapour or ocher dangerous fume and J CD (b) any sludge or ocher deposit liable to give off vinyl chloride or ocner dangerous fumes has been removed and no ocher material liable to give off dangerous fumes is present and 4 -o (c) the space has been adequately ventilated, tested for vinyl chloride and other dangerous fumes and has a supply of air adequate for respiration. 9i If there is a possibility that the proportion of oxygen in the air of a confined space has been substantiailyreduced on person should enter or remain in such a space unless he is either wearing suitable breaching apparatus. Alternatively the space should be adequately ventilated and a competent person should test and certify it as safe for entry without breathing apparatus. Maintenance ooerations 78 When a non-routine operation or malfunction may result in the release of vinyl chloride to the atmosphere, adequate and suitable breachiag apparatus of a type approved by HSE should be worn. Wherever possible special measures should be taken to prevent emissions of vinyl chloride. Such operations should not be conducted without permission in the form of a permic-to-vork from a competent person designated by the employer for this purpose. Precautions should be taken to ensure chat ocher personnel are not exposed to levels of vinyl chloride above the Control Limit. MAI'rEENANCE OF CONTROL MEASURES 79 All plant, especially that from which vinyl chloride may escape or which is provided for the purpose of controlling exposure to vinyl chloride, should be maintained to a high standard in order to limit Che exposure of workers to vinyl chloride. Maintenance procedures should include regular and thorough examinations by a competent person at appropriate intervals of tnose parts of cne plant at wnich leakages of vinyl chloride may develop over a period of time. A suitable instrument giving a direct read-out of the concentration of vinyl chloriile-in-air should be used for leak detection during such examinations. All defects found should be remedied promptly and the results of maintenance examinations and details of remedial action taken recorded. dO Regular examinations and cases should be made of ventilation equipment and ocner technical control measures by a competent person, using instruments where appropriace, to check che performance of such equipment as part of a planned preventive maintenance programme. Where ventilacion plant is provided in. pursuance of Regulation 7 of che Concrol of Substances Hazardous to Health 22 bCC 4-0023 Regulations, maintenance should include a visual check ac lease once a week to identify obvious defects and a thorough examination and test by a competent person ac least once a year. Details of such examinations and tests, defects found and remedial action taken should he recorded. EMERGENCY PLANNING 81 A procedure for dealing with a substantial escape of vinyl chloride should be prepared and updated as often as is necessary. The objective is to ensure that all employees who may be affected are trained and practiced in the arrangements for dealing with such emergencies. The emergency piaa should cover (a) the definition of the type of situation to be considered as an emergency; (b) raising the alarm; (c) evacuation of the immediate area and adjacent areas liable to be affected; (d) control of the occurrence using site resources; (e) plant shut-down and containment o"f vinyl cnloride leakage, and (f) obtaining assistance from the emergency services. The booklet,"Recommended Procedures for dandling Major Emergencies", published by the Chemical Industries Association Ltd., Alembic House, 93 Albert Embankment, London SEI 7TU, provides useful information and advice on this subject. It should be noted that the Control of Industrial Major Accideat Hazards Regulations 1984 will apply to some vinyl chloride installations and may require the preparation of on-site and off-sice emergency plans. 82 '`Tnenever abnormal emissions occur which affect the environment significantly, cne District Inspector of HM Industrial Air Pollution Inspectorate and the local authority must be informed immediately. Production should not be continued with emissions outside the limits allowed without 23 having consulted the District Inspector. Under the Notification of Accidents and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1980 the sudden, uncontrolled release of 1 tonne or more of vinyl chloride, eg. by rupture of a bursting disc, must be notified to the HSE immediately. REGISTERED WORKERS 93 la plants subject to the requirements of the Vinyl Chloride ACoP, any worker identified during the assessment procedure required under Regulation 6 of the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations as likely to be affected by occupational exposure to vinyl chloride should be designated as a 'registered worker'. A register of such workers should be kept by the employer. Any worker generally spending less than 252 of his working year exposed to vinyl chloride need noc be designated as a registered worker * Consideration should also be given to designating other persons working regularly on site, eg contractors' employees, as registered workers where there is the potential for exposure to vinyl chloride on a scale similar to chat for an employer's own employees and the assessment warrants such action. HEALTH SURVEILLANCE 8^ Health surveillance of registered workers is intended to detect, as early as possible, any harmful effeces associated with exposure to vinyl chloride at work. The initial, assessment considers the individual's fitness to work with vinyl chloride and establishes baseline medical information with regard to registered workers. /' 85 Workers' should be subject to periodic assessment to check their fitness to continue working with vinyl chloride. The assessment may also provide additional information which mighc lead to a fuller understanding of the coxicological affects of vinyl chloride. Such data could also be of value in any future epidemiological studies. Each parson should be subject to medical reassessmanc:- (.a) at intervals of noc more than 12 monchs; 24 SC a os r-J n (b) if he has reported symptoms which could be attributable to vinyl -chloride exposure; (c) if, in the opinion of the appointed doctor, he requires further medical assessment; (d) when he has beea absent from work because of any illness for 4 weeks or more. 86 The medical assessment of each individual is the responsibility of the appointed doctor but it will normally include (a) a full history, both clinical and occupational; (b) a clinical assessment with particular reference to the abdomen, skin and extremities, and (c) such further tests; including radiological examination and1 laboratory tests, as may be indicated by the results of (a) or (b) . 87 The employer should ensure that the leaflet "Vinyl Chloride and Tou" is given to every worker on commencement of his employment. Copies can be obtained free of charge from any office of the Health and Safecy Executive. 88 The employer should also ensure that each employee is aware chat he has the right to request a written record of the results of any health surveillance^procedures. If abnormal findings are present the individual may, i* if he consents, be referred to his Family Practitioner. 89 Uhere medical examinations need to be carried cue adequate facilities should be made available. The facilities snould comprise a room which is properly cleaned, adequately warmed, well ventilated, suitabLy furnished and provided with a wash basin equipped with hoc and cold running water, soap and a clean covel. If it is not reasonably practicable to provide hoc and cold running water, a means of heating water should be provided within the room. The room should be suitahly quiet and not permit ordinary conversational voices co be heard outside its walls. The room should be sec aside foe the exclusive purpose of healch surveillance whenever it is required. 25 Where che number of employees to be examined or assessed is substantial, a suitable waiting area should be provided. An adjaceac lavatory with hand washing facilities should be provided for employees who may be required to provide specimens for biological testiag. 90 Arrangements should be made for any employee who is a registered worker to present himself, during his normal working hours, for medical examinations and any additional tests as may be necessary.. Employees should cooperate in such examinations and tests. 91 The basic occupational health record of a registered worker's health surveillance should coasisc of at lease the following information:- surname, forenames, birth surname, sex, dace of birth, place of birth, (town and country), permanent address, National Insurance Number, National Health Service Number, dace o commencement of present employment, and a historical record of jobs performed whilst in chat employment, with appropriate details to indicate likely exposure. 92 These records may be kept in any suitable fora provided chat they satisfy che foregoing requirements and can be retrieved readily when required. They should be kept in a fora compatible with and capable of being linked to chose for monitoring, so chat it is possible to compare the nature and degree of exposure to vinyl chloride winh effects on'healch. The health record of a registered worker should be kept for at least 50 years from che date of the last entry. /' 93 Some of che conditions associated with exposure to high levels of vinyl chloride, particularly angiosarcoma of che liver and portal hypertension due to non-cirrhotic periportal fibrosis, may have prolonged latent periods with symptoms not appearing until several years after exposure, possibly after a vinyl chloride worker has retired or transferred to otner work. In all cases when a vinyl chloride worker leaves a company, ceases to be a registered worker or transfers to another location, a letter should be sent to his Family Practitioner oy che Apooincad Doctor. Appendix 3 contains a suggested letter for sending to an. employee's Family PracticLouer and Appendix 4 a suggested fora for the employee to give his consent for the Appointed Doctor to discuss his medical and occupational history with regard to his exposure to vinyl 26 chloride with his Family Practitioner. Both the suggested letter and form of consent have been approved by the Ethical Guidance Committee of the General Medical Council. Appointed Doctors are recommended to place copies of any letters and forms of consent in the occupational health records of the employees concerned. 9* When an employee ceases to be a registered worker, but continues to work ac the same locacioa and foe the same employer, the Appointed Doctor shall offer to continue the employees health surveillance programme as in paras 83, 86 and 88. INFORMATION, INSTRUCTION AND TRAINING - 95 Employers should ensure that employees receive adequate information, instruction and training, so chat they are aware of the nature of the hazard, the extent of the risks from exposure to vinyl chloride, the precautions to be observed to minimise these risks and the role of joint consultation. Employers should also ensure chat employees of contractors and ocher persons working in areas involving potential exposure to vinyl chloride have received similar information, instruction and training. The topics covered should include the following (a) health hazards of vinyl chloride; (b) contents of the vinyl chloride ACoP; (c) geqeral methods outlined in this Guidance Note and the leaflet 'Vinyl Chloride and You' for protecting persons from the health hazards of vinyl chloride and the aeed far health surveillance; (d) correct operation of the plant with which the employee is concerned; see 4 - - 029 27 (e) cola of the employee in observing safe working methods;' (f) correct use of respiratory protective equipment and any other personal protective equipment; (g) significance of monitoring procedures and results; (h) relevant emergency procedures; (i) relevant rules relating to vinyl chloride; (j ) procedures for reporting defects in. plant and equipment. It should be noted that Regulation 4 of the Control of Industrial Major Accident hazards Regulations 198A requires a manufacturer to provide evidence chat persons working on a site are informed, trained and equipped as necessary to ensure their safety. 96 Basic information, instruction and training should be provided oa recruitment and should be supplemented at regular intervals by training, "onthe-job" refresher courses, talks, notices, leaflets or other methods in order to create and sustain a high level of awareness amongst employees. 97 Any person who carries out any assessment, air monitoring or maintenance casks wtiich require che use of instruments should be given additional instruc tion and training concerning their use including:- /' (a) objectives of air monitoring; (b) correct use of che instruments; (c) sampling techniques; (d) analysis, interpretation and recording of results. 28 A-C'-B?. c? FACILITIES Washing and changing facilities 99 Adequate washing and changing facilities of a high standard should be provided. All the facilities should be kept clean, warm and In good repair. Washing facilities should include showers for the use of persoas whose skin may be contaminated by vinyl chloride. Changing facilities should be designed to ensure chat clean clothing and chat which may be contaminated by vinyl chloride are kept separace. Arrangements for eating, drinking and smoking 99 Employees should aot eat, drink or smoke in areas liable to be contaminated by vinyl chloride, so suitable facilities for these purposes should be made available. 100 Where a number of employees ace involved, suitable facilities for use by persons who remain on the premises during main meal intervals should consist of a canteen, mess-room or ocher suitable eating area. This should be provided with suitable cables and chairs and facilities for the storage of food and drink, whether the food and drink is supplied by Che employers or the employees. If drinking fountains are provided they should be installed so as to prevent the water from becoming contaminated. 101 Smoking should not be permitted except la areas set aside for the purpose because of the fire and explosion risks associated with vinyl chloride. NOTIFICATION TO THE HSE 102 Employers are requested to notify BMFI at HSE Area Offices and HMIAPI at District Offices of proposals for the installations of new plant or modification of existing plant. Such notifications should be made at the design stage. Vinyl chloride comes within the group of substances defined in Class 2 of Parc II of Schedule 1 of the Notification or Installations Handling Hazardous Substances Regulations 1982. The Regulations require initial 29 notification co HSE of any sice handling quantities of vinyl chloride in ' excess of 25 tonnes with reaotificatioa at three tines this figure. Vinyl chloride also comes within the definition of a flammable gas as set out in Schedule l e(t) of the Coatrol of Industrial Major Accident Hazards Regulations 1984. Notification to HSE is required under Regulation 4 at 50 tonnes of vinyl chloride and for Regulations 7-12 at 200 tonnes for process and storage or 300 tonnes for isolated storage. Notification to HSE is also required of significant modifications to Che industrial activity for inventories exceeding 200 or 300 tonnes foe process and storage or isolated storage respectively. For further decaiis, reference snould be made to the appropriate Regulations (see Appendix 6) and associated guidance published by HSE. REC0RES 103 There are a number of references in various sections of this Guidance Note co Che keeping of registers and records. For ase of reference these requirements are summarised in Appendix 5. 104 Where an employer ceases Co operate, it is recommended chat the Health and Safety Executive be aocified and the records or air monitoring and employees' occupational health records transferred to HSE. Disc No 250/20-30 BH. 30 4 Council, be filed in your patient's NHS record card. Should any clinical suspicions along these lines arise ia the future you might like to consider contacting me or my successor. I hold, and enclose copy of, your patient's signed informed consent co this which means that you need not hesicate from caking such, a seep early in your considerations of differencial diagnosis from fear or groundlessly alarming your patient. Should this factory have ceased trading, the Employment Medical Adviser for your area, who can be found in the telephone book under Health and Safety Executive would know the whereabouts of your patient's factory medical and exposure records which are being preserved for 50 years from the end of his/her employment here. If you would like any further information or explanations, please do not hesitate to contact me now or in the future. I will be glad co assist in any way possible in the interests of your patient's,- our ex employee's, well-being. Yours sincerely, APPOINTED DOCTOR EFFORT ;;c. TM/^2/4 UDC 612.2 : 67?.7*0 AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE LUNG FUNCTION CF wCtuCi.R-3 AT A FACTORY MANTi FACTORING POLYVINYLCHLORIDE by HH Lloyd S Gauld L Copland CA Soutar J ANTIARY 19S2 SC 4-03 2 of employees who were either more susceptible or were exposed to a greater degree of hazard. Another plausible explanation is that recruitment policy has changed since 1969. A large number of men of quite variable health might have been recruited in 1969 to staff a plant considered to be completely safe, whilst, since 1975, relatively few comparatively fit men have been recruited to a plant known to contain hazardous materials. Without transfer factor data at pre-employment medical, as well as the data collected in this study, it is impossible to say which of several possibilities is the real cause of what is, in any case, a barely abnormal health pattern. G M Paddle U 2 1982 4-08"7 z%61 lavmwr jreanog yd pUBidoo 5 P^Il HH Xq 2C la 01`iDi 7. ilTAilOd DHIEHADV.* OiSVH ZHOXOVa V XV sazxaor. so KDIXD;i3 OSin ZHi ZO ACniS TVDlsmoiaZGldZ HV : ?*2t9 Dan +i/?i>/Ki 'o:: laodrd PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS, SIGNIFICANT CHANGES AND COMMENTS 1) Since John Stafford's retirement from ICI, I am pleased to soy that he has been elected an Honorary Fellow of the Faculty of Occupational Medicine at the Royal College of Physicians, London. 2) I would like to thank Dr Paglialunga for all his patience and hard work in helping me to acquire the necessary facts which enabled me to place the recent Pansac ASL in the Register. 3) I would like to thank Dr Laundrie, General Tire and Rubber Company, Akron, Ohio, and Dr Dacey, Robert A Taft Laboratories, Cincinnati, for informing me of recent ASL cases. 4) I am grateful to Dr Contassot for sending me information about three new ASL cases which have occurred at the St Fons' Factory in Lyons, and also for the full account which he gave. 5) I should be very grateful if I could be kept up to date with the five ASL cases which I have placed in the Register, who are all still alive at this present time. 6) I would like to express my appreciation for all the help 1 have been given in carrying on the work of John Stafford by everybody who has sent me their helpful comments and communications. 7) On taking over the Register, I discussed with Dr John Stafford his present format. We both felt this would be the appropriate time to consider any worthwhile comments about its presentation, and also suggestions for any way it could be improved, in order to benefit future analysis. B BENNETT 17 Jan 84 Liver Anxloanrcoga Cases Cl rculat Ion Dr A Noas Adoua, Air Product* Hr P M Anderson, Wilton Dr W C Borneo Jr, Honaanto USA Dr John Dorr, Air Product* Dr Puter Baxter, DIAS - Dr Brian Bennett, llillhouse\(20 copies * ICIA, ACCI, Duparial) Or Pietle Dertsixi, Hilsn University Dr Bauch*, Dynaslt Nobel, Trolsdorf Dr V U Dual, Everbarg Dr C Bialiop, DUS Dr E Douges, AECI Lid, Plastics Div'n, K) Box 1122, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa Dr David Bryson, AQ Dlvialon Hr David Burgees, ICI Aaaricaa Dr David Byreu, Keuanord Or J T Csrtar, BP Hr C Calla, Hontapollaarl Hr M Chanca, VCH Technical Manager, Kond Hr P 0 Claus, APHE Hr Harold Clayton, Norsk Hydro Or Contaaaot, Chloa Chlaia, St Fon* Dr E W Dacay - KI03II, Cincinattl Hr J 0 Daviaa, Everberg Sir Richard Doll, Vardan, Qraen Callaga, Oxford Hr Dupont, APHC Hr II Csninger, VKE Or W Ernat, fierufagenossenechaft dor chemlachan Industrie, Nurnbarg Dr tlanry Fulk, CDC Atlanta Dr D H Parguaon, ICI Aaerloaa Dr H P Frladel, Barufaganoaaanachaft dar chealsehen Induatrla, llaldalbarg Prof L Golberg, Duka University Hadical Cantar, Box 291*1 Dorlia>, North Carolina 27?10, USA Dr it Gosxtonyi Jr, Tennaco Chemicals, Saddle Brook (NJ) Dr Vultar 0 llarrla, Uniroyal Ins Dr Donald W lllllaan, Diamond Shamrock Dr Robert X Hlndarar, UF Goodrich (Cleveland) Hr J Hodgson, DUS Dr W A Hogg - laperlal Oil Ltd, Canada Dr J K Howard, Wellington Clinical School of Kadlcina, University of Otago, Wellington Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand Dr N T Huaphry, ICI Auatralls Oparationa Ply Ltd, PO Dox *011 Melbourne, Victoria >001, Australia Mr J Jauvert, Chloa Chlaia, Karla Hr II H Jervis, Millbank Dr M N Johnson, BF Goodrich Dr Bruce Karrh - luponl Dr B A Krueger, BF Goodrich , Dr J P lalolne, Solvay Mr J Lawrence, SPJ Dr F I Lae, Victoria Hoepltal, Blackpool Prof V K Laibach - University of Bonn Dr D A Uvlieit - St Hartholomuw'a Hospital, London Dr P Lewie, CIA Hr lollvler, Solvay Prof EMM HacSweon - Western Inflraary, Glasgow Dr J M Halliard, Hedltinleche Abtailung, Suva, Poat/ach 6002, Lutarn, flwitterlund Prof G Meltonl, Bologna Dr lianxo Hottlussl, Hontadieon Hr Hokka, Neats Oy Dr R Nontasano, Isrc, Lyons Dr A A Hottl, Dupariel SA1C, Buenos Airas fir A Hunri, Monsanto, Brussels Hr H Hunoa Houton - Rio Rodano Mr S Nakamura, Japanese PVC Association Dr John J O'Sullivan Hand Dr R Owen - TUC Dr G M Paddle Dr S Paglialunga - Montedison ' Dr Mans Popper, Mount Sinai Hadical Centra Dr J Pussberg, Vacktr Dr Joses Purdlie* - Canadian Centra for OHS Hr P Rungnea, Norsk Hydra Dr R Saraccl, Iaro, Lyons1 Dr David Saronna, Diamond Shamrock Dr Paul H Ssltb, Llandough lloapital Dr R Spirtaa * HC1/HIII fiathesda Dr Carol Stack, CHA Washington Dr J Stafford Hr stahnecker, BASF Prof C II Taoburro - University of Louisville Dr Gary Ter Hear, Ethyl Corporation Or B Terwleeeh, CVII Dr Glllea Theriault - HcGlll University Prof Dr Thlaes, BASF Dr E Tbils - Eveneen, Horak Hydro Dr W Tnrdolr, Shell Dr T R Torkelson, Dow Mr J R Wallses, Roeo Chemical, Sarnia, Canada Hr 8 O Vajdling, Kemauord Hr ft N Wheeler, UCC Dr J Wlilaton, Hlllhouse Mr K II White, Duparial SAIC, Bueno* Aire* Dr I W Willies*, Norsk Hydro Dr D M J WilllBBS, DP Barry Dr X S UiUleoaon Or Paler Wright, PEP Wilton Mr John York, Cverberg IJ p BO 17 Jim 8'i 3 Table Sequence Belgium Canada Czechoslovakia France Germany Italy Japan Norway Sweden UK USA Yugoslavia Incidence of Cases pa (Table 1) Distribution of Cases by Country (Table 2) Pattern of Cases by Factory (Table 3) Latency Periods (Table 4A) Distribution of Latency Periods (Table 4B-4H) Annual Geographical Incidence (Table 5) IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES PLC PETROCHEMICALS AND PLASTICS DIVISION LIVER ANGIOSARCOMA CASES (REVIEW DATE - 1 JANUARY 1984) ,1 2-3 4 5-8 9-13 14 15 16 17 18-20 21-26 27 28 29 30 31 32-8 39 4* I 0 U1 0c1d nn co ASL Case Numbers by year of Death (Table 6) ASL Case Numbers by year of first exposure (Table 7) Western Europe PVC Producers - Start-up Dates vs ASL Cases (Table 8) USA PVC Producers - Start-up Dates vs ASL Cases (Table 9) Canadian PVC Producers - Start-up Dates vs ASL Cases (Table 10) East European PVC Producers - Start-up Dates vs ASL Cases (Table 11) Japanese PVC Producers - Start-up Dates vs ASL Cases (Table 12) South & Central American PVC Producers - Start-Up Datea (Table 13) 40 : 41 42 . 43-44 45 46 - . 47 48 -\ IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES PLC PETROCHEMICALS AMI FUSTICS DIVISION LIVER Angtoaarcoaa Caaea - (Review Detei I January 1984) Page I I iI 1 11 l 1 dl | 1 COUNTRY AMD 1 | RnRHCK 1 1 NO I I BELGIUM t ) 01 1 I J 1 1 1 1 1 l | l 1 i I 1 1 1 l l -Is 1 f lf> l 11 2 1 )1 lI |l MAKE Oil | DATS OF | INITIALS 1 BIRTH 1 1l 11 11 11 11 1 3.01,1) | 11 1) I1 l1 l1 1l 11 11 1l 11 I| 1J || | 11 l1 I1 11 11 |I l1 11 J1 11 J l| I1 |) I1 l| l1 11 11 11 l1 1l 11 11 1i 4 COMPANY Solvay 1 i1 4 5 | 6. 1 7 1 | l \1 1 1i 1 1 l FIRST VC | DATE OF 1 1 FACTORY | EXPOSUWl | DIAGNOSIS 11 1 |1 11 1 1 11 1 1l 1 1 Jeaappe | 00.07.58 | 00.05.78 11 1 1l 1 11 1 11 1 l1 1 1l 1 14 l1 1 1 14 1 1 1| 11 I1 > 11 1 11 i 41 1 11 1 11 1 J1 l 11 J 11 11 1 1 11 11 || 1 l | |1 1 11 l 11 1 11 11 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 14 1 1 1 1J 1 1 1 J Il l 1 11 i1 1 | 1 L____________L J_ 1 ____________ L | 1 81 1 l AGE AT 1 DIACKOSIS | l i 63 i i i i i i i i i i i i i i 4 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 1 | 94 1 1 YEARS OP 1 EXPOSURE TO | DIAGNOSIS 1 1 1 l 1 18 1 4 4 1 1 1 J 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 J 1 | 41 1 10 1 11 4 12 13 | 16 14 4 11 1 YEARS OF | DATE OF | HISTOLOGICAL | ESTIMATED 4 EXPOSURE | DEATH ) CONFIRMATION | EXPOSURE | OCCUPATIOI i1 LEVEL | 1 > iL 1 4 ii 4 Ii 17 129.06.76 | Yaa 4 High (Aucoclaaner 14 II 6 yra 11 4958-1968 | l1 11 4l I1 11 14 axpaeed co|Palyworkar 200 pp t: yra far 8 hra | par day J and . | certainly | 11 4i 1i 4i undar 500 ppa In 6 to 9aJ. | | | | 1i 1i 1i 14 auteclaveal 1^68-19724 axpeaed to{ 50-200 ppa| ; 14 11 14 41 14 11 11 41 41 8 hra par | day In | 2Sn3. 4 autaclavaal 4972-1976 I axpaaad ta| 50-200 pp<a| In auto- 4 clava rooal 1 1976-100 | 41 41 PP" 4 1975- 50 | 41 11 1l Pf* 1 RETIRED | l Fab 1975) 11 1 14 4 11 1 11 1 l1 1 11 4 11 1 L_ 1 1 1 IS 1 16 i OTHER 1 1 ) OTHER 1 | | CAREER | COMMENTS | I IIICIILICIITS 1 1 1..........................t 14 1i 1I (Driller In a I Hepatic taata 1 |foundry |in Oct 1976 | 1(2 yra) | ware norm1. | I Fa tatc |Re tired | 4(15 yra) 1 Feb 1975 1 |Uork in glaaa | lloapl lal tied | |Ind. 6 cheat- | Hay 1976 | |cal Industry 1 1 | Complete i 1 Cl luteal and | Icarear detalla| I ate given in a| (paper by l lllublat et al | |in Arch. Bulg.| I Hud. Sac., | lllyg. Hud. 1 ITrav. Hed. 1 1 Lug, | 11977 pagua 4 1601-622 1 11 1I 11 11 14 11 11 1| 41 1. 7 11 11 1' 4 1 1 1 ', - l I 1 11 11 11 APPENDIX 6 LEGAL REQUIREMENTS Some additional legal requirements relevant to che handling of vinyl chloride may be found in che following:- The Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974 The Factories Act 1961 The Alkali etc Works Regulation Act 1906 The Emissions into the Atmosphere Regulations 1983 The Control of Pollution Act 1974 The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 198__ The Notification of Installations Handling Hazardous Substaaces Regulations 1932 The Control of Industrial Major Accident Hazards Regulations 1984 The Dangerous Substances (Conveyance by Road in Road Tankers and Tank Containers) Regulations 1981 The Dangerous Substances (Conveyance by Road ia Packages etc.) Regulations 198The Classification, Packaging and Labelling of Dangerous Substances Regulations 1984 The Notification of Accidents and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1980 The Reporting of Accidents and Dangerous Incidents Regulations 198-- / APFSNDIX 7 CHECKLIST OF MAIN CONTROL MEASURES CONTROL MEASURES FOR MATERIALS, PLANT < FRCCSSSES (Paras 30~3^) CONTROL OF EXPOSURE (Faras 19-20) AIR MONITORING (Paras 37-62) ALARM LEVELS (Fara 21) FERMITS-TO-W CRK (Paras 71-78-f RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (Paras 63-69) MAINTENANCE OF CONTROL MEASURES (Faras 79-50) see 4-0041 - Plant should be designed and operated to minimise exposure to vinyl chloride - Plant should he sited in the open wherever possible - Good general ventilation should he provided in process buildings - Local exhaust ventilation should be provided where emissions from plant may occur that cannot he eliminated ty improved design and maintenance - Personal exposure to vinyl chloride should te controlled to below 7 ppm 8 hour TWA - Vinyl chloride in the air of working areas should be controlled to below 3 ppm averaged over a year - Fersonal monitoring is required to check compliance with the 8 hour TWA Control Limit - A static monitoring system is required for the monitoring of vinyl chloride in the air of working areas - Air monitoring system required for the detection of-high levels of vinyl chlori and to sound an alarm at the following levels: 15 ppm measured over 1 hour *20 ppm measured over 20 minutes 30 ppm measured over 2 minutes - Fermits-to-work required for all work in confined spaces and some maintenance - All personnel involved must be properly trained - Required for certain operations, eg entry into confined spaces, maintenance, dealing with leaks of vinyl chloride, emergencies, etc - Only equipment of a type approved or to a standard approved by HS3 to be used - To be used only by trained and authorise personnel - Regular and thorough examinations of plant required, especially where leaks may occur - Regular examinations and tests of ventialtion equipment required - Regular checks cf other control measures EMERGENCY PLANNING (Faras 81-62) HEALTH SURVEILLANCE (Faras 84-54) INFORMATION, INSTRUCTION (Faras 95-97) TRAINING - Suitable plans required, to deal with foreseeable emergencies - All employees should be familiar vith relevant emergency procedures - Registered workers should undergo regular medical examinations - All employees should receive adequa information, instruction and training on the hazards of vinyl chloride, the precautions tc ce observed and the rol of joint consultation DRAFT : 3. September 184 Vinyl Chloride (VCH) & YOU 4~0843 Why cause you h e a 1 pe rmi c - t o-work 1 . Employers will have identified potentially dangerous jobs^ and you will not be allowed Co do such work without a permit. The permit will specify exactly what work is to be done and the necessary precautions and their correct sequence. Tha permit does not in itself make the job safe. Safety depends on you carrying out the job properly and taking all the necessary precautions set out in the permit. Why do I need to wear protective equipment? . There may be some tasks, such as working In confined spaces maintenance work, etc. where levels of VCM gas cannot be reduced below the Control Limit. For this type of work you will be required to wear breaching equipment, provided by your employer, for short periods of time. This equipment, which must be of a type approved by the Health and Safety Executive for use with VCM, will prevent exposure. Protective clothing will help prevent VCH entering your body through your skin. Are medical-examinations necessary? . Yes. Your employer is responsible by law for monitoring your health. These check ups are intended to detect, as early as possible, whether working with VCM is effecting your health. You should always tell the company doctor if you feel unwell. . Arrangements for check-ups and any tests that may be required will be made during your normal working hours. 4 .. .-_i P 4 4 < '* - 'iou arc entitled to ask for a written record of the results of your check ups and tests. . Your employer is responsible for keeping a comprehensive medical record for you while you work with VCM. Why must you see the company doctor when you've been away 1111 * If you are away from work because of illness, for longer then k weeks, you will automatically be re-examined, on your return to work, to check your fitness to continue working with vinyl chloride. What happens when you stop working with VCM? . When you leave, transfer or retire from your job, your GP will be notified that the employer has your medical record should it be required in the future. If you transfer to a different Job, with the same employer, where | you are not classed as a 'Registered' worker, the company doctor will offer to <\ [` continue your health check-ups. J four pe ,, permission will be sought before the company doctor can discuss yopr occupational medical history with your GP What about contractors? . Contractors who come to work on your site are required by law to observe the same safety precautions. V . Before starting work, such workers must check with your employer the precautions required. bLC 4-084? Where can I gee more information on VCtt? . This leaflet can only tell you few of the main facts about working with VCM. If you want to know more ask your Safety Officer or ring the local office of the Health and Safety Executive i'Uuf fi o m i. / /u Uty (tV)CV' REMEMBER VCM IS A HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES. Every effort Is made to safeguard youi Your employer has a duty to protect you. You have a duty to co-operate. USE THE CHECK LIST: 1. Be constantly alert to the dangers of working with VCM - for your own safety and for the safety of your colleagues; 2. Dont smoke in unsafe areas; 3. Make sure you are trained for your job; A. Obey all safety precautions; 5. Observe safe working methods; 6. /"Use protective equipment when issued; 7. Report any defects in plant or equipment; 8. Attend for your medical check ups; 9. Tell the company doctor if you have any health problems or worries. Disc No 226/27-28 CH SC C .1--r>;=j/lA Reprinted from British Journal of Industrial Medicine 1984;41:328-333 Copyright (C) 1984 British Journal of Industrial Medicine All rights of reproduction of this reprint are reserved in all countries of the world Epidemiological study of the lung function of worker at a factory manufacturing polyvinylchloride M H LLOYD, S GAULD. L COPLAND AND C A SOUTAR British Medical Association, Tavistock Square, London WC1H 9JR 4 - ' ; p /; - 5 Comments on 'An Epidemiological study of the lung function of workers at a factory manufacturing polyvinylchloride1 1 In considering such a long report, it is best to start by eliminating those sections which are of minimal impact. Regression analysis with the use of standardised residuals is an adequate way to deal with age, height, weight and smoking history. The FEV^ data can be ignored, unless one is tempted to compare the.m with the Hillhouse findings. Exposure categories and noxious occupations add little or nothing to the picture. 2. All that is left are the transfer factor results, the case-control study based on standardised residuals, and comparisons between Vinatex and the foundry and between employment pre and post 1975. 3. Section 3.1. almost condemns the study out of hand. Ideally, there should have been a fourth category consisting of ex-foundry men, but one can well understand why there was not. The response rates are very poor and could introduce sufficient bias to outweigh even very convincing results. 4. Table 6 demonstrates no significant difference between the proportions of cases at Vinatex and in the foundry. The slight numerical difference could be partly attributable to the absence of ex-foundry workers. Table 6 would normally terminate any investigation as nothing worthy of further study has arisen. 5. Table 6 is even less exciting given that the study was 'carried out to investigate a report that some men ........... had abnormally low /a lues Who were these men, and were they included in the study? The report tells us nothing further about them. 6. The case-control study resulted in Table 14 which summarises the only statistically significant finding in the whole report. . The inclusion of volunteer ex--employees has made this Table rather worse than it would otherwise have been, but nonetheless there is clear evidence that the cases included a high proportion of pre-1975 recruits. The report gives one sensible explanation for Table 14 and does so in very moderate language. It is possible that conditions prior to 1975 led to a reduction of transfer factor in a small percentage a -1 v~ a. '} I i ^7- Fig. 5 - Number of cigarettes smoked per day at weekends by Tlco cases and 'healthiest' controls, at the PVC factory and the foundry, who are current smokers. i ; 4 q Number of men ^9. Fig. 6 Maximum number of cigarettes regularly smoked per day by Tlco cases and 'healthiest* controls, at the PVC factory and the foundry, who are current smokers. Fig. 7 Maximum number of cigarettes regularly smoked per day by FEV^ cases and 'healthiest* controls. a -,-,r 51 (a) (b) Number of men Fig. 8 a) Age when started smoking cigarettes, for T.co cases and 'healthiest' controls at the PVC factory and the foundry, who are current smokers. b) Age when started smoking cigarettes, for Ttco cases and 'average* controls, who are current smokers. (a) <b) Fig. 9 a) Age when started smoking cigarettes, for FEV. cases and 'healthiest' controls, who are current smokers. b) Age when started smoking cigarettes, for FEV_ cases and 'average' controls, who are current smokers. i-U. Number of men 53 APPENDIX 1 SMOKING GUESTIONNAIFE 1 Do you smoke? If NO la Have you ever smoked as much as one cigarette a day (or one cigar a week or an ounce of tobacco a month.) for as long as a year? If NO to both parts of question 1, emit remaining questions on smoking* Z How old were you when you started smoking regularly? 3 How old are you now? 4 Do (did) you smoke manufactured cigarettes? If YES 4a How many do (did) you usually snoka per day on weekdays? 4b How many do (did) 70U usually smoke per day at weekends? 4c What was the greatest number of cigarettes you ever smoked regularly per day? 4d For how long were you smoking that many? 4e Since starting smoking tobacco have there been periods . during which you did not smoke cigarettes? If YESt for how long altogether were you not smoking cigarettes? 4f (Apart'from those times) what was the least number of cigarettes you ever smoked regularly per day? 4g For how long were you smoking that many? 5 Do (did) you smoke hand-rolled cigarettes? If YES 5a How much tobacco do (did) you usually smoke per week in this way? 4- .APPENDIX 1, page 2 5^- ' 6 Do (did) you smoke a pipe? If YES 6a Kow much pipe tobacco do (did) you usually smoke . per week? 7 Do (did) you smoke small cigars? If YES 7a How many of these do (did) you usually smoke per week? 8 Do (did) you smoke other cigars? If YES 3a How many of these do (did) you usually smoke per week? For ex-smokers: 9 When did you last give up smoking? a 55APPENDIX 2 NOXIOUS OCCUPATIONS In the classification of noxious occupations the following jobs were included in the category 'other*. Although it is recognized that some of the jobs included in this category are not widely recognized as 'noxious', it was considered that they nay on occasions he associated with health hazards and should therefore be included in the classification of noxious occupations ,, / Brewing Baker Flour oilier Faro worker Wood cutter/sawoill worker Construction Worker Bricklayer Plasterer Quarryman Paper mill worker Electrician Joiner Glassworker Welder Scrap burner' Foreman Coking plant worker Furnace operator Car body reoairer Paint sprayer Painter/decorator Tarmacadam exposed workers SC t -- r> p 56. APPENDIX 3 Development of the multiple linear regression model used in the analysis of the data from the total survey population . Preliminary multiple linear regression, analysis indicated the anticipated relationship between Tlco and age, height and weight and between'FEV1 and age and height. '7. These relationships were locked at again after allowing different intercepts and age slopes for non-smokers and all smokers whether current or ex-smokers. For the Tlco analysis, this was a significant improvement in the amount of variation explained. However, this group of smokers did not have a significantly lower mean Tuso after age, height and weight had been taken into account than non-smokers and the age slopes were similar. The model used for Tlco (but not the FEVj_ model) was further improved by introducing different intercepts and age slopes for three categories of smoking, non-smokers, current smokers and ex-smokers. This analysis showed that for ex-smokers the mean value of Tlco was significantly higher than that of current smokers (P < 0.05) hut that they experienced a greater loss of Tlco with age than current and non-smokers although these differences were not statistically significant (Table 7). Further expansion of this model by allowing different intercepts and age slopes for -the different employment categories (current and former employees at the PVC factory and foundry employees) within the three smoking groups did not make a significant improvement to the model. However, this analysis did indicate that the mean Tlco level for leavers from the PVC factory who were current smokers was significantly lower (P < 0.1) _than current PVC factory employees who were non-smokers. However, the age slope of this group did not differ significantly from that of current PVC factory employees who were non-smokers. Eencc the model used was the one in which different intercepts and age slopes were allowed for the three smoking groups. For reasons of consistency the FEVX analysis was also based on this same model although there was no significant improvement in the amount of variation explained as there had been for the Ti-co analysis. The results for FEVj analysis show that there was a significant difference (P < O.l) in the rate of loss of FSV^ with age between non-smokers and current smokers who experienced a greater rate of loss of FEVX (Table 2). AFFHJDIX 3, page 2 TABT-S 1 57. Regression for T_co (ml/mic. mm Eg) allowing different intercepts and age slopes for three saoking groups. Variables Age Height Weight Waits fears cm kg Mean 42.2 173.8 80.2 Constant for non-smokers Regression coefficient t --0.2246 0.1552 0.0572 -5-74 4-74 3.23 Constants (intercepts) 10.3C52 P' < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0-002 Effect on intercept of: Current smokers Ex-smokers -2.5288 1.4554 7*1-34 O.65 US NS . Effect on age slope for: Current smokers E^- smokers -O.O154 -0.0537 -0.33 -1.08 NS ' ITS . tabt.'S 2 Regression for FE71 (C ) allowing different intercepts and age slopes for three smoking groups. Variables Height 1 Weight Units Tears cm 1eg Mean 42.2 174-3 8O.4 Constant for noD-anokers Regression coefficient -0.0309 0.0420 * 0.0003 Constants (Intercepts) -2.1725 t -4-55 7.13 0.09 P-- - < 0.001 < 0.001 ' NS Effect on intercept of: Current smokers Ex-smokers 0.4209 0.2675 1.24 0.75 NS US Effect on age slope for? Current smokers Ex-smokers - ,-0.0149 -0.0096 -1.81 -1-13 < 0.10 NS COlHfftlY AHO kefekehct NO make or INITIALS DATS OP BIRTH COHPANT IMPERIAL CULM CAL INDUSTRIES PLC PETROCHEMICALS NO PLASTICS DIVISION LIVER Angloaarcoea Caaea * Review Oacat 1 Jan 1984) * All date* uae UK ay*tea . Canid* DAT - HONTH - YEAR ** Data piibllaliad lo Journal of Shut I Dee Had 1978 pa*ea 335-340 ** Many of data* altered to fit HTOSH 31/1/77 llit Pag* 2 FIRST VC EXPOSURE DATE OP DIAGNOSIS ACE AT OIACHOSIS YEARS OP EXPOSURE TO DIAGNOSIS 10 TEARS OP EXPOSURE DATE OP DEATH HISTOLOGICAL CONFIRMATION 14 I! ESTIMATED I ; | EXPOSURE | OCCUPATION I LEVEL t I OTHER CAREER IIICIILICNTS 1 | | | OTHER COMMENTS SHAW1N1CAH 01 1 1 1 i 02 I 1 t 1 1 01 1 1 1 l 1 04 t 1 1 1 i l OS l I 1 _i1-- 06 i i i i i 07 i i i i i OB i i i i 09 i i i _j____ IIS.12.13 | 11 !1 11 106.01.14 | 11 11 11 1( |26.08.|9 1 1 1 1 1 105.04.19 1 1 1 1 ] 11 11 1 1 1 l07.0S.li 1 1 1 | 11 1I 1I 11 |I5.12.19 | 1 1 1 1 109.1 1.19 1 1 1 1 I 11 i1 11 11 113.OS.20 1 11 11 11 |119.07.21 11 I1 11 1 } 1944 1 |9S5 1 41 I 11 1 11 102.09.35 I Yea | |Reactor (Operator ISuoVer )1 1 t 1 1 I1 1 Jelaanot Ipolyaerlaatlonl 11 l1 1l - <11 1 |I 1 1{ 1 _J____________________ 1______ ______________ l1 1 1 1 1 1943 1 1937 1 43 14 l 14 121.12.57 | Ye* | | Maintenance,|Operator 1 Marked 11 l 1 1 t1 1 |Millwright, | lovurtiua 1l 11 11 1 11 1 11 { 11 1 Iplpeflttar 1 |Seoker _1 \ ________ ________1____ ___________ 1 11 1 1 1 1 1941 \ 1962 42 21 1 20 123.03.62 | Ye* I (Operator, 1 . lUorked ll 1 11 1 (forenan 1 (overt lee ll 1 11 11 1 |Non-eeokr 11 I 11 11 1 1 11 l 1 11 1 1 1 1 1945 1967 48 22 1 22 121.01.68 | Yet I 1 Reactor (Operator, |Worked 11 11 l 11 1 11 1 (cleaner Iforeaati, [overuse J1 (water cool lng |Snoker 11 1 1^ 11 (unit 1 1l 11 1 1 1944 I96S 57 1 11 1 1i l I 24 1 OS 105.07.68 | Ye* I 1 1 |Reactor J___________________ 1 11 JWatur cool lng I Worked 1l 1 11 ) |c)e*ner {unit loverclea 1l 1 1 11 1 no.1 1 1 n l l I 1 j _li i 11 1 1 1 1 1947 l 1971 1 SI 1 24 1 2] 04.71 | Ye* | 11 1 1 1 11 1 J 1 J 11 l 1t 1 1 1..................... 1 |R* actor Iclaanar 1 l 1Snoker J___________ 1 1i | tbi lnte nance, (Worked ' | alt lwr Ighl fovarcteKi 1 |Snoker * 11 | | | 1 1 1. 1 11 1 1 1 1 1i 1 | |l 1 1946 1 1972 1 S3 1 26 1 25 124.12.72 Yaa 11 1 1 l l 11 1 11 l 1 l 1 li 1 1 I Reactor (cleaner 1 J___________________ 1 1 (Machine limp 1 I Worked (operator and lovertlae I poly unic |Snoker 11 1 1 1 1 _J1 1 ___________ 1_________________ 1 1 11 1 11 1961 1973 S3 l 1 i 1 1 12 1 lI 1 |05 112.06.73 1 11 Yea 1 | 1 | Reactor ]cleaner |1 Maintenance leadline *hop 1 1 In plant |25 ytal Snoker 11 | | 1 1 11 1 J___________ 1 11 1 11 1944 1 1974 S3 11 1 11 l 1 1 1 1 28 1 |1 1 1 26 104.09.74 1 11 1 11 Yaa ' | 1 1 I Furnace op. (pipefitter iMalntunuiice 1 1 1 l 1 |Worked lovuttlne ISnokur !| __l__ 1 1 11 1 l_________ 1__________________ 1 Paper by Dr P DELORME in Annate* d'Mtlo*)a pathologlque Peril, 1978 Vol 23 No 2 pplOS-114 claim* thla caaa had both a lipatona and ASL alultanaoualy. bCC ^ - 08t? 7 IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES PLC PETROCHEMICALS AND PLASTICS DIVISION LIVER Angloaarcoaa Cagaa - (Review Datei I Jan 198A> DAY - MONTH - YEAR * All ditoiuu* UK ayatee Sheet 2 Canada ** Data pubtlahed In journal'of Occ Med 1970 pagoa 370-340 *** Many of datea altared Co (It NIOSlI 31/3/77 Mat Paga 3 11 1 i 1 1i ICOUNTRY AND 1 | REFERENCE 1 I HO 1 1 1CANADA 1 1 1 10 1 1 l I 1 1 1 l 2| 1 1 NAME OR l INITIALS 1 1 J 1| 1 t DATE OF | BIRTH 1 l 11 1J |10.05.IS | 11 11 11 1> ii Ii Il ii Ii ii A COMPANY I l1> I 11 i1 i I si 0 1 7 | 0 1 9 1 10 | 11 | 12 ( 13 | M 1 is 1 11 1 1 11 l1 i 1i 11 1 11 l1 i 1 l FIRST VC 1 DATE OF | ACE AT 1 YEARS OF I YEARS OP | DATE Of | HISTOLOGICAL | ESTIMATED 1 ' 1 OTHER I FACTORY | EXPOSURE S DIAGNOSIS | DIAGNOSIS | EXPOSURE TO | EXPOSURE t DEATH | CONFIRMATION | EXPOSURE | OCCUPATION i CAREER 11 J 1 l D1ACNOSIS J 11 1 LEVEL . | | , IUCI1I.ICIITS 1L1 rI 1 1 4. 11 1 11 I 11 1 tl 1 1 11 1 1 i I 11 1 I- : 1 | 1 1903 I 1976 | 61 1 23 1 U 100.04,77 | Yea i 11 1 1 i 1 11 l 11 1 i l 11 1 1I 1 1 1 1I I { 1 1 ii 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1l 1 1 >i 11 1 1 ii 1l 1 1 1 1 1 ii I 1l 1 1 ii 1 )R*ctor |cleaner 1 1 1 1 \ 1 1. 1 1 |Furnace op. llntananc, 1 packaging 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1. 1 1 16 1 1 1 OTHER COMMENTS | j 1 \ l- 1 E -**okar 1 1 | 1 1 l 1 , . 1 1 1 1 1 | i i i i i i i i ;i > 1 11 11 1 1 ii l1 1 11 I 11 11 1 1 ii 11 J i ii \1 1 1 l 1t I .1 1 1 i I ii 1I 1 l \ t1 11 1 1 ! l ii 1l 1 i 1 ii 1l 1 1 i ii 1 i) ii ii \ .1 i l: 1i 11 1 1 1 1 1 {1 i 1 ! 1 Ii 1l i 1 i l ii 11 1 i 1 ii 1l 1 1 i 1 ii 11 1 1 i l ii 1i 1 1 i l ii 1i 1 j 1 ii 11 i 1 ii 11 1 i l ii 1l I l 1 ii l\ I 1 i 1 ii 1J J i 1 ii 11 1 1 i 1 O i.0 co n <j\ n co ii ii ii ii ii ll 11 1l |1 ll 1i L_ l I 1 1 1 t 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i i i i i i 1 ii 1 ii 1 ii ii > ii 1 ii J ii 1 it J ii 1 ii 1 ii 1 ii t ii i ii 1 ii 1 ii 1i 1i 1i 1 1 1 1i 1 1i 1 I1 I1 1 1 : i t1 ii tI i tI |i l i i1 i 1i l______________ I__________________ ; ' .. 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 ii 1 ' J___ I 1 l 1 l 1 1 r i t t .i * i5 i i i i i IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES PLC petrochemicals and plastics division LIVER Angloearcona Caeca - (Review Datei 1 Jan 1984) Pegu 4 l 1J 1 4t 1 COWNTHf AND 1 REFERENCE | NO | 1 1 CZECHOSLO- l VAXIA 1 1 01 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 02 | 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 J 1 I 1 ) 1 1 1 1 1 4^ 1 C Hi x n ji i'i o i 2 ii i i HAHfi OR ) DATE OP INITIALS 1 BIRTH 1 1 1 1 1 I 128.06.28 1 1 l 1 1 1 106.07.2? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i j i j i i 1 i I I I i i I I i i i i 1 i 1L 4 COMPANY State Co State Co 1 S46 J FACTOR! FIRST VC EXPOSURE DATE OF DIAGNOSIS Novafcy Ol.O).S? 24.12.73 Hovaky 01.11.SO 27.11.64 * e ACE AT DIACHOSIS 4S J? 9 YEARS OF EXPOSURE TO DIACHOSIS 16 14 10 11 YEARS OF EXPOSURE DATE OF DEATH ______ 16 24.12.73 IS 26.11.64 12 HISTOLOGICAL CONFIRMATION Yea Yea l 13 1 14 1 1 15 | 11 jESTIMATED i 1 .1 | EXPOSURE ( OCCUPATION | OTHER CAREER ( | j LEVEL . ;. | IIICIILICIITS 1 ( 11ARC letter | 11 1 ) (of 1-4-62 | (Autoclave (giving data!Ie| |Cleaner I fro* Prof !A David ct | j r 16 OTHER COMMENTS 1* i , (Centre InJ ( I Hygiene anJ | (Occ illaeeaaa. | 11 1| (Autoclava I Cleaner |, 1 1 1 | 1 1 1 l J |1AKC letter of| (1-4-62 gave J (aonevhat |. lettered datee | (lor thle caea.| II have | {accepted the ( (change* elnce | . |the datee coae| If roe Prof | (A David of the] (Centre of j (Industrial | (Hygiene anJ ( (Occupational | |Dlaeaaea. My | (decea teat 1 (originally 1 Urea NIOSIt. | 11 11 11 11 11 1t I| 11 1| 11 1| 11 11 11 J1 !. i '. 1 i ' - 1 1 IHPKKIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES PLC PETROCHEMICALS AND PLASTICS DIVISION L ER Anglaaarcoua Caeca [Review DaCat 1 Jan I9S4) Franca Sheet I Page 1 1I 12 l3 __ 1 I1 COUNTRY AND I NAME OH | DATE OF REFERENCE I INITIALS | BIRTH HO 1 1 l 1 PRANCE 01 1 |H 1 .. l 1 I II .04.24 } 1 I 1 02 1 SIH 1 1 103.06.11 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 03 | NAV 1 106.01.20 1 1 1 1 j 04 | HOR 1 1 l 127.01.27 1 1 1 1 1 1 03 IB 1 1 I29.0I.3S i 1 1 l l 1 | 1 1 in n it- n l 1 l J_____________ L 4 COMPANY HP PCUX RP PCUX PCUX 1L |4 ' t 1 1 | FACTORY FIRST VC EXPOSURE l 1 1 1 1 | Rnuae- | lUon 00.01.46 I 1 1 1 1 |Brlgnoud 06.07.S9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 |St Fona 00.00.46 1 l 1 1 1 I1 1Irlgnoud 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 lIrlgnoud 1 I 1 l I l 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 19.10.49 1B.0I.6S 7| DATE OF | DIACH09IS | IB.02.67 | IS.01.7S | IS.01.7S | 1 1 1 a1 _L 9 10 ACE AT | DIAGNOSIS 1 1 1 1 1 1 41 1 1 1 1 1 YEARS OF | EXPOSURE TO { DIAGNOSIS l 21 YEARS or EXPOSURE 19 61 1 16 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 SS 29 1 12 29 _L 11 1 1 11 12 13 1 14 1 11 l-.- 16 1 1_______ _L_ _ 1 1 DATE OF DEATH HISTOLOCICaL CONFIRMATION 11 ESTIMATED 1 1 EXPOSURE1 OCCUPATION f OTHER CAREER 1 , 1 OTHER ' 1 V COMMENTS 1 ,1 LEVEL | | HIGHLIGHTS i , ;i ______ ^ 1 - - ~ L_ i i.- 1 1 i i. 11 1 1 19.02.67 Yea 1 High ' |Autoclave 1 1 ii |Ref. Ravler at| Iworker and l jelaaner 1 1*1 Arch. Hal. | (Prof, I 30 n* | 119 yra 1 |3 Nov 73 | ,1 1 |p 171-177 | 11 11 1 ;l 1 .1 24.01.7S Yaa High |2 yra on {Italian |Raf. 1 (NIOSH no laonoear (orlEln |G .Bonnaton et | coaiaent) 110 yra on jpolyear- : .r ilaetion 1' 1 |al "Nouvelle 1 Ipreeae |' laadlcale* .| 11 IS Nov 1977 | l. '1 IP; 731 :; i i1 _L_n_______________ J 29.06.75 Taa High i IFolyuorker j10 yra ae 1 I .. 1 |VCH production] Ref.' Raty et l 116 vra |a 11 Areli. Halv | |autoclave . lltallan POW JProf. l 37 n` | lelaanar (Shepherd, |6 June 77 . : | | Compounding I Sawyer, Kaaon Ip 511-151 1 l 13 yra 1, 1 ;i . L ______________ J________________ 1 J___________________ 1 \ , : 1.; 16.01.76 1 49 26 _L 1 13.01,76 | 3B 1 11 1 l 1 I l 1 l l l l \ 26 |* 04.01.76 Yaa _L 11 13.01.76 Yaa High IHonoaer ' (product Inn jworker 1. 1 r 1 1 l ' . :'1 ' 1 1 .JB yra |FVC |ftitration |1B yra i i i i . 1 .. l l i 1 l i .1 ______________ J________________ J___________________ 1 1i 1. 1- High IPolyworkar 11iThoracutoey [Ref. p Coudarol 111 yra 19th Peb 1976 |at *1 "Seaelne] 1 Icoatal |daa hoipltiut |* 1 |tn|Ieiircoei 1 111 Septertbra | 1 |2)Sclnc Igraphyl 1976 I 1 | found ASL IProvloully had| 1 13)lt*tiorrhaga |bone | 1 1 tram ASL | anglaaarcoatjT | 1 |4)Rlglil lAleo | 1 IHapatacroey IPlllchouakl et| 11 |a 1 'U Houvel le 11 11 17tH July 1979 | J_________________ J____________________ 1PR 2481 | IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES PLC PETROCHEMICALS AND PLASTICS VISION Sheet 2 Page 6 LW1K AitjUaitcoai Caaca - (Review Date ----------- J------------------- 1 12 13 .1 4) 1 1 1 COUNTRY AND 1 NAME OB | DATE OF REFERENCE i INITIALS i BIRTH NO 1 1 _L L f FRANCE 1 4 15 COMPANY I FACTORY 1 7 FIRST VC EXPOSURE DATE OF DIACNOSIS 06 IP* [ | 07 ICIR 09 1 B 09 i RFX 1 u: i-G i j I1A.04.3A 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 126.04.27 1 1 1 l 1 1 I01.0A.3A 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 loa.io.u i I i i l i l I i i i i i i i i i i 1 PCUX RP Solvay BP 1Brlgnoud 0I.O3.3S 11.08.76 |SC Auban 01.07.30 Altar death H10SI1 uyi 00.07.76 1Tivaux 23.03.3? 03.12.73 ISc Pen* 10.01.AS 26.04.76 1 e1 9 _L 1 ACE AT | YEARS OF DIACNOSIS | EXPOSURE TO 1 DIACNOSIS 6 1 J 42 1 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 IS | 49 26 42 19 1 1 63 t i 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l l 1 | 26 1 Jan 1984) ; 10 II YEARS OP EXPOSURE DATE OF DEATH 13 11.09.76 (NlOSII aaya 12.09.76) 22 02.07.76 19 30.01.77 26 23.12.77 1 12 1 t HISTOLOGICAL I CONFIRMATION j 1t 13 1 14 | 1______ i 1 i ESTIMATED' | 1 EXPOSURE | OCCUPATION | 13 OTHER CAREER 1 1 : ; 16 1" 1 I ` OTHER 1 coHHEirrs I LEVEL l 11 l 1 ' | HIGHLIGHTS l 1l I1 11 ' Yaa | Kodorata Ki9ift-mo) i 1 |Tl>la nan bad ( 12 yra | IAOL prior to (filtration 1 (AS. Ann. da IIO-ll yra | |Hal. Prof. | Ipolyworker | IJuly `77 J land worke | |p 643 L 6. | 11.bt | | AOL waa found | 11 11 |1n I97| flva | |yra bafora [ 11 IASL | 1 J_ i I1 1 11 11 Yu. 1 High (Plant fora- 11972-6 admin IDiad of | ( NIOSlI no |b*q In laactlon in |aptlcaemle l comment) |polymerllaatlon | St Auban | |Snail llvar | llaalon found | !' '! laltor autopay | 11 Yaa 1l | Moderate |6 yra paekarj 1 Iliad been 1 | |4 autoclava | Itunnal worker | Ictnr | Ipravloualy | 114 yra | 1 1 (autoclava | 11 Iworkar | 11 11 11 Yaa 1 1 Vary High (Polymer- 1 110 yra In I1 (Operated 4.76 ( | 1948-1966 (laatlon (eulplmrlc |fur removal of| I Laaaar loparator, |acld factory, ItuuOut from | | Eipoauro |autoclaauer,|atorckeepec i |lIvar and | I 1966-1976 (autoclave Iganattl idled after f (maintenance laervlcaa laocond | 11 (aurglcal | 11 (operation fur | 11 Iblllo | 11 (bronchial | 11 11 |fiutula | P|Ktr by -| | 1i (Dr Rety ec al | 1: 1 11 I In Archive. de| IHaladea | 11 (i |Profca.Inna 1 a | (Vol 40 No 6 | 1I |1979 pa.ee J |I > 741-3. 1 J_________________ !____ J1 IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES PLC PETROCHEMICALS AND PLASTICS DIVISION LIVER Angloaarcoaa Caeca - [Review Date) 1 Jan 1984) Frauen Sheet 3 Page 7 ' 1 ^' 1 11 1 12 1 3| 1 11 -.1 1 11 COUKTKt AMU 1 HAHE OR | DATE OF | REFERENCE | INITIALS | B1RTJI | HO l 11 \ 11 1 11 Franca 1 11 1 4 |5 COMPANY 1 1 1 | FACTOR* l J___________ 1 1 10 | V? 1 t 1 1 1 ] i |L I 1 1 1 | 1 1 I 1 1 l 1 | 1 1 1 1 12 l I 1 1 1 li 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 14 | KJ 1 1 1 |2*.OS.19 | RP \St Fotii ii ii ii ii it IIS.02.12 | RP i i i i i ISt Pone fI 11 11 i1 || 1 1 1 1 1 11 11 11 11 11 11 l 1 l 1 1 1 11 || 1( 11 11 11 I16.0U.I4 | PCUK I 1 J 1 1 1 1 Bf lgnoud 11 1I 11 11 iTOTT Solvay 1 1 1 1 ITaveux lI 1 ll 1 ll 1 1f 1 i> 1 1i l ti I ii 1 lt 1 ii 105-04-24 t Chloe 1 |St Fona 1 1 Chlla 1 1 1 (Furaarly 1 1 I RP) 1 !- I L '6 11 1 7 141 9 l _L 1 | 1l 1 FIRST VC DATE OP 1 ACS AT 1 TEAKS OF I | EXPOSURE 1 DIAGNOSIS i DIACNOSI3 | EXPOSURE TO | l 1 DIACNOSIS 1 |1 | J1 1 i1 00.12.Si 10.01.74 I J $8 | 00.01.41' iTa.os7rt" l j i l i i J i i i i i i i1 ii | 04.02.49 l d6.05.79 1 J1 1l 1i J| 23.09.61 "ft.06.79" l 11 11 1I 11 1 1l ll 1i 11 1943 1 _L_ 1 00.07.81 i 1l l 1l 1l l U 65 46 57 1 1 1 1 1 } 1 1 1 1 1 l I 1 1 l 1 I J_ 1 1 1 J 1 l 1 21 JJ 16 li 3ft 1 1 1 1 1 | 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 l 1 t 1 1 l 1 11 11 11 1 1 10 1 M 1 12 i 13 1 14 | |5 1 16 1l 1___________ 1 . 1 1 1 11 11 YEARS OP | OATS OP | HISTOI.OQICAL | ESTIMATED 1 1. 1 EXPOSURE | DEATH | CONFIRMATION | EXPOSURE | OCCUPATION 1 OTHER CAREER 1 | .OTHER | COMMENTS J 1 LEVEL 1 | HIGHLIGHTS 1 11 11 11 11 ii i ; .\ ' 1 i i 1 i 1' l 1 21 I10.01.78 1 11 11 Yea 11 ) I HlEli lAutoeUve 110 yra In IDlftd of I ielaanar jBeehanlcet |pulaonary 1 | > . {engineering jeabollra 5 1 11 I J ' - |Induacry idaya altar 11 il 113.11.78 j 11 11 11 1i a| ii ii ii ii ii ii Yaa 1 . 1 .. 1 '"'I : 11946-1956 `1 ' I . High 11941-1946 ( J '/Jpolyeer- l | llaatloa |. I (general |. 1 ipurpoaa, |r 1 ; (worker 1. | 11944-1972 i 1 IVCH | | (ayntheala | i kiici t i: | |Acetylene) | I | Foreaan. 1 ' |aurgery 1 i 11 i :r | . . 1 1 ' V 1 1. 1 J;.1'. 1 1 1 l | 1 1 ii ii ii ii | | (agent | 1 Ida eltrlcell I |1J '----------1 | |rtiraii | 1: l J 1 1 it 11 1 1 '; 21 123.06.79 j 11 11 11 1| ll 122.08.79 i Yea Yaa 11 1 1 1 High IMonoaer 1 i | (production | l | . (and polyner-1 i ... | llaaclon 1 i' J[operator 1 i | lAutoclaanor |2 yra aa cycl ej Cl garetta 1 1 11 I 12 yra. laeclianlc. |artuker untl1 11 11 | |Auto- ||0 yra aa 11974. Ill all) j (operator lenaacllar In (of 1977 due o| 11 | |9 yra, Jaaultary ware lOoaophageal 11 11 | |Copolyera (eonufacture (varicee. 1 14 yra 1 I Surgical 11 1 II (Intervention 11 11 1 125.05.79 11 11 36 129.07.81 1 11 11 11 1I 1| _J L_____________ Yea 11 1 11 1 I Very High 11943-1975 11975-1979 | 1943-1975 1Al1 typua o(|nalnteuance | and IJobe on , |work | InteraltC-laanufaetnre | | antly 11 aalutananca 1 1975-1979 11 n VCH t'olv | 1(right 1 | liepacoe t oay ) 1 1 -1 11 1l , , 1 l 1 KIIIS IMPERIAL CIIKHICAI. INDUSTRIES LIHITED PLASTICS DIVISION LIVER Anglnaarcuiea Case* " (Review Datet 1 Jan 1984) Francj Sheet 4 Page a 1 11 1 V* 1 COUNTRY AND | l 21 ! I NAME OR ] 3 DATEOF 1 l 1 * | REFERENCE 1 INITIALS | BIRTH HO | | | 1 Franc* L 1 I ________ 1_ 11 11 4 COMPANY L 1 51 | 4 \ 1 11 _L a 11 1 1 FUST VC | DATE OF | ACE AT | FACTORY 1 EXPOSURE 1 DIAGNOSIS | DIAGNOSIS 11 1 1t 11 1 l1 15 |DtP i i i j i i i U ICIH 1 1 1 1 l l 1 1 I 17 | ilAR 1 103.01.37 1 Chios 1 St Font 1 1 Cltlala 1 1 (foreerly l 1 IP) 11 11 1| 1l 113.07.72 1 Chios ISt Puna 1 ChUle 1 (Formerly 1 IP) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 122.02.23 1 Chloe | St Fo u CUlals (foreerly RP> 1 OJ.07.55 128.09.2 11 i1 11 l1 11 1 1 27.10.4) | 05.01.83 1 1 1 ( 1 1 1 1 l 17.0A.48 | 03.04.83 l i 1 45 61 AO 1l 9 ) 10 1 11 1 12 1 13 1 14 11 1 YEARS OF 1 11 1 | YEARS OF | DATEOF | HISTOLOGICAL | ESTIMATED 1 EXPOSURE TO | EXPOSURE |DEATH 1 CONFIRMATION I EXPOSURE | OCCUPATION DIAGNOSIS | 1 I LEVEL 1 1 11 -- l1 1 1l 1 l 15 l l 16 other | 1 OTHER career | : COMMENTS HICHLICIITS 27 1 27 {Alive 11 11 l1 1 11 1 11 41 3B lAUva 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 J l 34 28 {03.04.83 1l Ye* Tea Yea | Hlgh-20 yr [Moderate 17 yr* }Aut6cljve |cl*n*r 11955-1962 {autoclave {operator 11962-1982 (J C Cuntseeot |Latter of | 5 10 1983 1 1 1 1 |High-33 yrsIFolyaarleat{Moderate- | ten Process |Lew - 5 yrej Han 1 |Retired |Jan 1979. |J C Cuntaeeot 1 1 Maintenance 1 Worker lLetter of |5 10 1983 {High {23 yr* l (fteftlth 4 |Safety Agent 1 1 1Autoclava 1 Cleaner 11946*1971 Ollier sector* of Sc Foua Factory 1971- 1970 1 l l |Ret Ired (01.01.79 J C Contaeeoc Letter of S 10 1963 Hi xi n IMPERIAL CHEMICAL (KIlUSTHfCS PLC PETROCHEMICALS ANU PLASTICS DIVISION LIVER Angloearcoe* Caeee - (Review Datei 1 Jan 1904) CttMiiy Sheet l Pag* 9 41 COUNTRY AND REFERENCE HQ 01 NAME Oil INITIALS DATS OP HATH COHPANY PIKST VC EXPOSURE DATE OP DIAOHOSIS 00.00.30 Pynaiait Trolador 01.10.56 19.09.66 00.00.31 Dynastic Troltdon 1A. 10.57 23.09.70 00.00.30 Dynaialt Rhelnfel- 09.06.52 den 00.03.73 00.00.30 lurgiaui*n 16.OA.S7 26.tl.7A IQ 13 15 AGE AT DTACNOSIS TEARS OP I l TEARS OP EXPOSURE TO | EXPOSURE DIACNOSIS | ____________1_________ BATE OP DEATH HISTOLOCICAL CONP1RHATION 38 12 12 23.01.69 Ye* (HIOSII) 39 13 IA.t2.7l Yea (HtOSH) 1 ESTIMATED | EXPOSURE | LEVEL : 1 OCCUPATION 1 I I IPolyuorkar J_________ t I Polyworker J___________ OTHER | OTHER CAREER | ' COMMENTS KICHLIClITS I I :/' I i' I A3 21 10.10.73 Tee (HIOSII) IPllHng 'i Ipeitlclda , laarnaol cone (With VC I i ; I, . . ' I' ` i 1 Reported und |non polyaer- . ((aatioix . Iworkera in INtOSH Hat 131.3.77. (Thla court |ta atrlctly (correct. : (However I IwonJar - (whether thla |mn had high (exposure to (VCHln hi* lean f11 Ling (oparaclonl II AA 25.11.74 Tea (H10SH) 200-500 pp*)Polyworker 6 19SB wax I Clinic.t uc high, | taiporury autoeleanar (details In during t yr|autocteanec !or 1 yr (paper by autocltaner) I Coke 1 at al I (Virchow* Arch I (A Path 1976 1 (372 p 195-20} I I I; I l i ;n IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES PLC PETKOCIIEMICALS AHO PLASTICS DIVISION LIVER Angloaarcoita Caeas - (Review Date* 1 Jan 1986) Cotuany Shunt 2 Page 10 1 23 COUHTRY AMD BEPEKKNCt HO NAME Oft INITIALS DATE Of 1IKTH GERMANY A COMPANY 1 |5 1 1 1 PACTORY 1 1 1 I rust vc EXPOSURE 11 7| S| 9 | 10 I 11 DATE OP t ACC AT | YEARS OP 1 YEARS OP DIAGNOSIS | DIAGNOSIS I EXPOSURE TO j EXPOSURE 1 DIAGNOSIS ) L1 ll 1I II DATE OP DEATH 12 HISTOLOGICAL CONPIRMATtOH 04 ( N1 OS 11 gluea i* Ceee 06) 06 (NIOSH iitv aa Cttt OS) 07 OS 00.00.36 Hoech* c 00.00.32 Lome 1 10Q .00.26 Wicker l I00.00.l7 Oynaalt l 1 l _Jl 1Frankfurt 02.06.60 1 1 l 1 1 l 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 \ I 1 1 IWaldihut 16.12.62 t 1 1 1 1 |8urg- fhauaen 15.0*.it 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 l ITroledorf 19.07.56 \ i 1 JL 10.(2.73 I 00.00.73 1 12.11.75 l 06.06.75 t 3S *2 69 50 ] 13 1 05 16.12.76 1 1t 11 J1 1I 1l 1 11 11 1| 11 1I 1 11 11 11 11 1 1 1 13 1 1 | 12 1 09.01.75 1l 1I 11 1 | 21 1 1 1 1 i 21 Kniosii I aajra 12) 1 13.11.73 11 11 11 I1 I1 1l 1 I 1 20 ^ 20 5.12.75 I 1 J ! _______________ _______________ 1 Yaa (KIOSK) Yaa Yea Yea 1| 13 1 H | 1' 1 15 i ESTIMATED | 1 ( OTHER EXPOSURE| OCCUPATION | CAKES K LEVEL | | HIGHLIGHTS ________ I 1 ! 1 t 6 | BO Cliaole l 1 1 leaya | j'chealetry | |laboratorlan| | lr. the (Techno- | | (logical | |Reaeatch ) |ta|>artent~ | HNIOSII aaya | (aailatant (factory Icheulet | | | 1 which aay ba| |wrong | |t ranalat Ion)1 11 11 1I 11 |PVC - Hunu- | Ifacture | (Shift Leader! 11 11 1( (PVC Menu- | Ifacture and | | al 1 work (Inct into(cleaning | | ) 112 yta 10956-66) | | | foraaio Tueh| i Oav B yra | 10967-1975) 11 11 (Polyworker | t 11 {l 11 J__________________ u 16 OTHER COMMENTS Couf1 rued Reported undo non-potyuarlaatlon wurkera in N1USII llet of 31.1.77 end 1.78. I don't think tlile (a correct c taaa (fleet(an by KIOSK. Tlie wan aay Nave buen involved In VCM polyuerieet (on In pilot plane or In aaln plant. 1,1 r- r- C IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES PLC PETROCHEMICALS AMD PLASTICS DIVISION LIVER Angloeareuwe Caeea - (Review Deter I Jen 1964) Caraany Sheet 3 - tage 11 1 11 1 > l COUNTRY AND ( REFERENCE | HD 1 CEfLKAHY 1 1 | I 2| 1 1 NAME OR | INITIALS | 1 ) 1 1 3 1 DATE OP | MHTH 4 COHPANY 1j 11 1 11 1 1 |1 6 | 7 1 8 1 9 1 10 1 H I 12 1 >1 1 I* 1 1 _L 1 1 1L 1- I 1 11 l I1 ii i 1 FIRST VC | OATS OF 1 ACE AT l YEARS OF 1 YEARS OP | DATE OF | HISTOLOC1CAL | ESTIMATED 1 I | FACTORY | EXPOSURE j DIAGNOSIS | DTACNOSIB k EXPOSURE TO | EXPOSURE J DEATH | CONFIRMATION 1 EXPOSURE J OCCUPATION J l 1 1 DIACNOSIS 1 11 I . LEVEL l 1 1 1 4- _L 11 1\ I 11 1 11 ! '1 1 1 1i 1 11 11 (1 OTHER CAREER MICIILICIITS 11 Ir 1 1 | - OTHER j . COMMENTS 1 1 ' ' I: t 09 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 10 | ( HIOSII give.) 61 Ca ll)| 1 1 t l 1 1 11 (HIOSII g 1 vee| ei Ca aa 10)| 1 l 1 1 l 11 1 1 1 1 1 ^ i u*i mn > I"; 1 L IQ0.00.3A i i i i i i i i i i 100.00.36 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 100.00.29 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 |00.00.38 l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 CWH CWII Uecfcer Dyneelt Ituri i i i i i i i i i Ih.rl 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 |Burt" Iheueea 1 1 1 1 1 11 ITraledorfl I ) 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 t l 1 J 20.02.61 t 16.06.76 Ol.Ol.SI | 00.01.77 10.(0.51 t 28.06.77 00.00,61 1 00.JO.77 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I I 1 1 1 1 I 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 ( <1 40 47 39 i 11 1 11 124.03.76 J i 1 i1 1 11 > 1 11 1 1t 1 1i 1 11 I 11 l 11 | 11 1 I1 16 1 10 107.01.77 | 11 1i 11 11 i 11 11 11 11 i i 21 1i 22 126.06.77 | i 11 > 11 i 11 t 11 i 11 l 11 i i 16 i i i 1 11 6 107.10.77 | I 11 11 1 i1 i 1 11 i 1 11 t 1 11 t 1 11 i 1 11 i1 i 1 1i ii i 1 II i l Ii l ( _]L_ Yea Yee Ye* Yee (High |` peafce 112 yre pely-l (worker lnel | 1172 auto- | |clave | (cleaning | I Control ruoe| II Ft | 11 |ill|h peaka 11 11 11 |10 yre poly-l (worker lnel ] |17Z euto- | Icleve | (cleaning | 2 High 11 l .1 1` 1 11 11 |3 yr* euto- | Icleve (cleaner 119 yra (filter (operetor | 1 | ( | 11 11 I t (FVC Hanu- | jfacture .| |(Autoclave .. |(worker (or |fi yre | 1 ;il 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 I1 110/76 | Coni 1 rmad I Average lexpoeure fire (9 yre ISO ppa (occ ; 1600 ppo INext yra av 17 5 ppw. Ijac |yr av 31 ppo 1 1, |Average (expmure firet |9 yre 110 ppn, (occ 1000 ppe (l.aet yr av | 7 1 ppn. CWII I letter of 12 1.04.18 1" ' ' i 1 ( t ' 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 J____________ 1 IMPERIAL CHEHICAL INDUSTRIES PLC PETROCHEMICALS AND PLASTICS DIVISION Cerwiny She* t 4 ' Page 12 ' LIVER Angloaarcuita Caaea - (Review Date! I Jan 1994) 11 1J 1 31 4 1--------1---------- 1 i }1 1 11 |COUHTHY AND | NAME OR | DATE 01' 1 | REFERENCE | INITIALS | BIRTH 1 COMPANY i| FIRST VC | DATE OP | | FACTORY | EXPOSURE | DIACN0S1S | | NO 1 41 ( 1 11 11 11 1i l it 11 ICERHANY 1 11 I1 1 1 100.00.14 | Lonti (Wftidfthut | 00.00.60 09.04.78 1 11 ii 11 ii 1 11 ii 1 11 ti 1 11 )i 1 |-----------il-------- 11 1I it ir I 1 1I ii 1 |I |I ii ii 1 1 11 |i ii ii 1 } 11 ii 1 11 1) ii ii 1 11 || || ii ii ii 1 1 1 11 |I ii ti 1 1 1I ii 1 1 it ii i || ii 1 l 11 ii l | 1 13 1 11 100.00.29 | Meeker || | Barghauaeft 19.10.S3 | 04,10.78 |t 1 Kniosh giv.ii 11 11 1 Ithle # 1 11 11 1 |) 11 1 |I 1 (I 11 1 |I 11 1 | 1 19 l | 1 11 100.00.23 I |l 11 || Dynunlc ITrolidorf) |1 11 t1 i6.6i.ii | 6J.6i.Js ((Ltlfaaeh (uipaeted |ASL at i| 1 11 J || 1I 11 |1 mb 1975 lleparotoay) | 1 J1 11 1 )1 1I 1 |1 11 1 |) |l 1 li ^1 1I 1I 1I 11 1 1 6j l ' 1 't- l 1 l " *l ----- ---------------------- ----------- | 1 11 I1 1 1 1 6 1 9 1 10 I M 1 12 I _L __L l 1 ! ACS AT | YEARS OP | YEARS OP 1 DATS OF | HISTOLOGICAL | DIACNOSI3 | EXPOSURE TO | EXPOSURE | UEAT1I | CONPIRHATION | 1 DIAGNOSIS | 11 1 1 11 1 1 11 1 1 1 11 1 13 1 14 1 >____ __ 1 EST1HATE0 | 1 EXPOSURE | OCCUPATION | LEVEL | 1 J 1 l 1.. 15 OTHER CAREER HIGHLIGHTS 1 1 l | 1 1 1 I 16 OTHER COHKENTS | 1 1 | | 1 1 1 63 1 1 1 1 18 1 1 1 1 1 1 49 1 2S 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 | SS 1 ii 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 l J 1 l 1 I 1 14 119.05.78 1 Yea 1 1. 1 i 11 1 \- ) 11 11 1 11 11 11 11 1 11 1 1: 1 -J1 - --- JL (Not in | 1 lAoilMircaii | 1 1 t _1_ 1 } |In hla latter 1 1 |of 21 12 81, | l IHr Pcladel | 1 1 1 1 1 laaid thla wit l 1 1 1 la "Plattansfil-I l Ithelkartlnoa | 1 IDar | 1 1 1 1 1 (Spelaerohra'* j 1 |{* earclnoaa | 1 (of tha j 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 (oaaophagua) | 1: 1 1 (not atcribut- | 1 1 1 table to VCH A | 1 1 1 (not racogntaedl 1 1 1 |n in Induat- | 1 trial dlaaaaa | 1 1 1 1 1 1 25 123.10.78 1 1 11 11 1 1I 1 11 l 11 1 11 1 11 r 1 | 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 (Autoclave leleaner and (worker. IDrict (operator. Il.atar alilft | laadlr, 1, | 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 16 107.08.>8 1 Yea 1 1 ...............J_ 1 iiigK |AutOCl*V6 1 ( 1 JASL and | (worker till 1 1 1 (Hepatocellular) 11964. 1 1 iCarclnoaa | (Leader and 1 1 11 1 1aaater 1 1 11 11 1 1 11 1 11 11 1 1 1, 1 11 11 1 11 11 l 1 11 1l 1 11 1l 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 11 11 11 11 1 1 1 1 _J JL_ 1_________________ |P W Abac j |latter of | llOcti June |9B0) leAcloalng data) )frc 1 (hr >1 P Friedul | |of BC Cheate 1 | P U Bait | (latter of | 130cIt June (9001 lencloitng data] |frun | 111 P frtedcl of) |BG Chenle | (withdrawing | |thla eaaa | 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 1 IAngioaarcone [conflraed 1 1 | | 109/79. Sriae l |det11 of thla) |A alao caaea | |9, 13. 15, 16 | (4 (7 given in | JNHW Rajiurt for] 11978 | | AiigUeareoaa | Iconflraid, j Ifull datalLi ] (of ilkneif | (alnce March | IJ973 i(van in | |HkW Hod 1np i | Rep for 1978. | (Different | |d a to 111 glvun | 11n *VC 1 1 Aeaoclatad |Ulauaaa~ by | | II.oUiucIi and (Muratellar |( 1901) j>71, | | 1 IMPERIAL CHEMICAL 'INDUSTRIES Pl.C petrochemicals ana plastics division LIVER Angloearcoaa Caeea - (Kuview Us tat I Jan 1980 C* raeny Sheet 5 Pane n COUNTRY AMD REFERENCE HAHC OH INITIALS OATH OR BIRTH GERMANY ]I (HIOSH given ** Caee I S) 00.00.37 D/naale Factory FIRStVC exposure TroladorJ oi.ti.il DATE or DIACIJOSIS li.08.7ft 8 ACE AT OlACMOSIS it YEARS or EXPOSURE TO DtACHOSIS YEARS Of EXPOSURE X I DATE Of | HISTOLOCICAL DEATH | CONFIRMATION I I I 1 I 28.08.7ft ( Yaa 1 ( 19 1 l J 1 1 20 l 1 1 l l 1 21 1 1 1 1 1 1 22 1 1 00.00.13 Hoechat landorf 00.00.55 25.12.79 IT (00.00.23 I Dynamic 11 11 11 11 100.00.(5 | Dynoait 1l 1i 1 11 11 100,00.(3 | Dynealt l1 J1 1( l( 11 (00.00.21 | Uynaialt 1l ITtoledor fl 11 11 11 18.10.54 1 ocT.bi.f9 I I l ( t i i (Troladorf| 14.02.61 i 00.04.80 1 11 1t 1( 11 1 1 1 1 1 i 11 ITrotadorf) 11 11 11 11 01.01.62 | 00.09.79 Ipreneuneud (clinical lllvar (ayatotea) 1 | | | ( ITroiidorf1 lS.10.61 I 17-09-80( 11 1 I w a u ji ( ( i i i i i i i j 2i ii 1 18 1 1 1 \ 1 i* 1 l l 1 it 1 (1 ____ 18 II 25.12.79 1 l (22.02.80 1 Y.a 1 (Mataataulng 1 (ASL 1l 1 iTTTTOar 1 Yaa 1 (Haeaeagio l (Endothelioma 1 (of Ilvar with |Hetjtea*i 1 JL (19.06.so 1 Yaa ( | |lenj|le I |Cndothalloaa I |of Uvar with l (Hetaetaao* I1 106.12.81 | Yat 1 |ASL 13 I ' 1 I ESTIMATED 1 EXPOSURE j OCCUPATION LEVEL | 1 _______ High I Autoclave luorker (Autoclave (Vorkar OTHER | . OTHER CAREER ] ' COMMENTS HICHL1CHTS | ____________ f - - ` ' I. in . | Asigtoaarcoaa (confirmed, (Annual report (of the North (Rhine lUoatphakla ]Medical 1Inspectorate (fur 1978 (pegue 347-377 (give* full (detail*. Vlny | chloride (dleeaea (dlagnuaed (02-02-73. (Oaeopliageel Ivertcea. (RadlologlCall (confirmed acr |oettolyele. High High High High (Autoclave | (Dr leacha lUocker 1 ]latter of 11 (13-04-82 to 11 |Ur U C V Ada*a 1 (Autoclave 1 | 1 I Or leacha (Uorker '| (letter of ,i i 113-04-82 to ii (Or W 0 P Adiaa lI 1 _]1 (Autoclave | 1 (Dr leacha (Uorker and | (worked In 1 Idrylng aliop | (latter of 113-04-82 tu I Hr U C f Ad dial, J1 1 1 ]AuCocl4v 1 ___________ 1_____________________ \ Chrjjlmnd , | Or HcMchu IWorker | atjb;^udtU ly |)cttr of (13-04-82 to |Or W G f Adam. c1 - ` '! id.U IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES PLC PETROCHEMICALS AND RUSTICS DIVISION LIVER Asigtoearcoaa Cnaaa - (Review Datei I Jan 1984) Should this caaa b reaoved froa the Hat? NIOSII have It on thalr auppleaentary llat relating to nan-polyaartaaeiDn worker* eapoaed to VO). JS l/S/77 Saga 14 ,1 COUNTRY AHU REFERENCE HO ITALY 01 (On NIOSII aupplaentary llat) 02 HAHE OR INITIALS DATE OF BIKTIi COHPANY FACTORY FIRST VC EXPOSURE DATE OF DIAGNOSIS I 5 .06.34 00.00 .AS 19.04.71 13.1 1.29 Hontedlaon Porto Ha rgliara 00,00.57 13.12.72 AGE AT DIAGNOSIS 36 43 YEARS OF EXPOSURE TO DIAGNOSIS 06 15 10 12 13 1 14 YEARS OF EXPOSURE DATE OF DEATH 03 16.04.71 06 27.12.72 II HISTOLOGICAL I ESTIMATED | I | CONFIRMATION | EXPOSURE| OCCUPATION | 1 LEVEL | | ___________________ 1_______________ L I tYaa IPVC Hag (extruder II Yea iFolyworkar | II OTHER CAKEEK moment! OTHER comments I I* IPrliaary tuitou |aay have baun Iperlcardlua. | Nat licmo- tgenaoua with (other caaea. 1" ** J___________________ 03 VC 14.01.20 Solvay 00.01.53 10.07.75 55 21 10.07.75 20.07.37 ANIC 00.06.59 00.01.01 43 30.03.SI -> V) n o 1 11 11 1 1 1 06 10 Danaeln 119.03 37 | Paneac (Hire | 00.00.67 | 07.03.63 1 46 1 16 1 11 (Venice 1 l l 1 1 11 11 1 1 1 1 11 11 1 1 1 1 11 11 1 1 1 1 11 1 _J J 1 1 1 1l | S |06 04.S3 | l1 1 11 1 1J 1 1l 1 11 See pul con 1 Had dl Levoro 65 p445, 1974. Further dotalla In latter froa Dr Honteaano of IAKC on April lot 198 Yea l I High I II lAutocleener | IS yra (1953-1 (61) Autoclave 1972-5 did | a variety of[ Job* | (operator | Including 1 112 yra (1961- PVC packing.| I 1 12 yra - 172)_____________ I II |l yr - JNav. cleaned | | Vary High IHonoaor |autec I aval. | i (operator | 5 yra - I |Saa paper by | *` (CHIAPP1NO at | Non-taoke r.' I Medtua 120 yra - I at I Mad Lavoro (Coneuoud I |Autoclave (Vol 6 (1902) (little | 4 yra - (operator A ]pp 535-563 |a Icohol. No I Law (other ducleal I A0L. (In euapena- | I ion polyner-l 1 I llaacloit. I | I 1 (Area Poreaan) |ln aana 0upt| lalncu 1975. 1 1 IHcdiua-l _L 11 1 Dag extruJerl 1 |S Pigl1 a- llllgh 1 1 I 1 |1967-1975 |Cooi*rcial |Dept |9761198) 1 ( | | | 1 |lung telex of |2 Aug 1981 1 I 1 Aleo eue Haltuftl and Rondlnella In Acta Oncologlca Vol 1 1980 pagea 35 - 49. (1CI haa aadc a tranalatlon of t paper Into EngliaU and cuplce of the tranelation cun be aoda available on reifueat). 0869 IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES PLC PETROCHEMICALS AND PLASTICS DIVISION LIVER Angloaareoa* Caaea - (Aavleu Datai 1 Jan 198*) Fega IS I 1 11 1 1\ 4.1 1 2 1 3 | * 1 S 1 8 ' 1 l1 1 1I 1 1 )1 COUNTRY AND | KANE OR | DATE OF 1 1 1 FIRST VC REFERENCE I INITIALS I BIRTH | COHFANY 1 FACTORY 1 EXPOSURE NO 1 11 1l 1 11 l 11 1 (JAPAN l 11 1 t1 01 I Ta.oj 1 101.08.22 IHltaul 1 Nairoya 00.0*.S3 IMurl 1 1Toatau l l J (no coaem| 1 1 |by Jap PVC 1 1 (Aaaoc) 1 11 1 l1 1 1I 1 11 1 11 11 1 1 11 1 l1 1 02 ISO 102.08.39 l 00.M.S8 1 11 1 l 11 1 1 1l l1 1 l1 J JJ 1l | 11 7 81 11 9 DATS OF DIAGNOSIS ACS AT 1 YEARS OF OIACNOStS EXPOSURE TO DIAGNOSIS 4 2*.10.75 a 53 A 22 1 1 11 11 11 || 1 10.08.78 1 37 1 1 17 11 i1 i1 i1 _L J_ 10 1 >1 YEARS OP | DATE OF EXPOSURE I DEATH 13 |2*.10.78 13 110.08.78 il 1 12 1 13 1.. U 1 J. 1 | 1 -..1 . 1 HISTOLOCICAL I ESTIMATED | . 1 CONFIRMATION | EXPOSURE I OCCUPATION 1 | LEVEL J 1 11 | 11 1, 11 1 Yaa 11 1 (PVC Aaaoc 113 yra auto- 1 |aaya not (known. j* Japan fTlaea iclava 1 Icleaner 1196* - . 1 1 jaaalgned to 1 (Indicated Idlffaraut 1 |on 25.10.751 work alnca 1 Itxpoaurea (had 111 | (oftan at Ihcalth 1 |30U0 ppa u Pi | to 197* 1 1 1 11 1 11 1 Yah |Hoc known |In polymer- 1 1 llaatlon work] 1 (Including 1 1 (autoclava 1 1 (cleaning 1 J____________ 1 1 15 . OTHER CAREER III Cl ILI Cl ITS ( 1 ' 16 - ( .X! OTHER 1 COMMENTS J (Japan Tlaea |25.10.75 * IJapaneae PVC (Aaaoc latter I a ( 31 .03.76, 1' [Japaneae PVC 1Aaaoclatlon |letter uf 131.03.78 |n Kla let tar of lat April 1982 Dr Honteaano ot IAXC aaya Japanaao Minlitry of Labour five Data of dlagnoala Age of diagonal a Yeera of axpuaura 21-08-7* 52 22 r. c:. << i COUNTdr AND REFERENCE NO NAME OR INITIALS DATE OP BIRTH IHPEMAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES PLC PETROCHEMICALS AHU PLASTICS VISION LIVER Angloaarcoiaa Caaaa - (Ravleu Dac I Jan 198*1) Pag* 16 10 P1HST VC EXPOSURE DATE OP DIACNOSIfl ACE AT DIAGNOSIS TEARS OP EXPOSURE TO DIACNOSIS TEAKS OF EXPOSURE DATS OF DEATH HISTOLOGICAL CONFIRMATION ESTIMATED EXPOSURE LEVEL OCCUPATION OTIIKX 1 1 OTHER CAREER | COHHENTS I1ICIILIC11TS 1 ' 21.12.15 Norak Uydro llaroyi 00.01.50 21.12.71 56 21 04.01.72 lUgh Foraaian t Autoclave tuparvlaor jCunflraed by |Dr TlillaI Evanauu of Nil |At APKE Htg o |9 Juna 1978 |Hr P Ringnea IvtataU that A Iliad bean a |ac*ber of a |atart*up ttia | VCH A PVC wur |*d In anna I Iml Id Ing. Hi |VCH uo aade Ifroa acutylen 6 c/1 no r> 'j n IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES PLC rETKOClIEHlCALS AND elastics division LIVER Angioaarcoaa Casva - (Review Deter I Jen 1964) Page 17 1 i1 1^ 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6-, 1 7 . 1 4\ 1 1 COUNTRY AND | 1 .. ] 11 NAME 01 ( DATE Of 1 11 1 1 11 1 1 1 FIRST VC | DATE OF | REFERENCE 1 INITIALS | BIRTH 1 C0HP Am | FACTORY i EXPOSURE | DIAGNOSIS | NO 1 i1 11 1 1 1 1| 11 1 1 SUt)EH 1 l 1l 11 | 11 11 1| 11 11 | e| 01 |NU J23.06.27 1 keeanord 1fiundsval1| I4.0S.5I | 20.10.70 | I 1 02 | KL 11 11 |27. II.11 1 Keeanord 11 11 )1 l *| ISundavalll 00.0I.4S | 00.06.72 1 1 (1 11 1 i 1 11 11 1 i 1 11 11 1 i 1 11 11 1 i l1 i1 1 i 1i 11 i 11 11 1 i It 11 1 i 1l 1i 1 i 1l 11 11 11 1 1 i i 1 1 1 02 JN6 1 1 1 |10.06.10 Keeanord 11 I 11 1 11 1 |Bundaval 11 OO.OS.47 | 16.03.76 i is | 1 1 04 |AL 1 1 (16.11.14 Keeanord 11 1 1 1 1 ISundavalll 00.00.46 | 12.05.77 1 1 | 1 11 1l J1 11 i 1 1 l 11 11 1 1 1 11 l l 11 11 1 1 11 11 1 1 11 11 1 l l1 11 1 1 11 11 1 1 1 o co an - '-J n 05 to 11 11 11 1| 11 112.03.19 1 Xeuanord 11 11 11 11 1I ISundavalll 1 1 1 1 1 1 1.03.64 | 22.11.60 1 1 1 i 1 1 11 ti 1 1 1l 11 1 1 1 i1 ___l________J 1 1 1 \ 11 1I 11 JL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 61 1 1 ACE AT 1 DIAGNOSIS | 1 | 1 1 J 43 1 | 1 61 1 1 1 65 | 1 62 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 li 61 i i i i i i 1 91 | 1 YEARS OF 1 EXPOSURE TO | DIAGNOSIS 1 | 1 1 | 19 * 1 l 27 1 1 11 10 1 II I 11 11 YEARS OF | DATE OF 1 EXPOSURE | DEATH | 11 11 11 1t || IS 120.10.70 I 11 11 27 I16.0S.72 1 11 11 t1 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 1l 29 21 119.03.76 | 11 1 11 31 31 112.05.77 | 1i I 11 1 11 1 11 1 11 1 11 1 11 1 11 1 ii 1 ii 1 ii 1 ii 1 1 ii 16 1 16 112.11.80 1 I 1> l 11 1 11 1 11 1 11 1_ 1 12 1 13 1 14 1 I HISTOLOC1CAI | CONFIRMATION | I 1 ESTIMATED 1 EXPOSURE l | l 1 OCCUPATION | I LEVEL 1 I 11 1J l1 || Yaa (folyworkar `1 ' Yee 1 1 High 1 1 1 iVCM {production 1 1 1 11 Il 1 l 1 11 11 l1 1 1 1 1 1 Yaa Yea 1 1 1 High I 1 1 High 1 1 11 11 1l | Polyworker 1 t1 1 II946-195S (polyeerfleet Ion 1 1 l 1 (worker (12 1 (yre) 6 I95S -1 1 1977 forenan) 1 1(19 yra) 1 1l 11 1 11 l 1 1 Yaa I 1 1 I nigh | 6 Yaara 1 tow - I 10 Year. 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 1964-1970 jeentrif uge (operator 11970-1981) (drier (operator 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 | 1 IS 1 16 1 OTHER 1 I OT1IEK CAkEER 1 , COMMENTS HIClILIUllTS 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 (Mr SJoelln'a (letter of |2B March 1976 (conftrae 8L (wee a eonouar (worker who wee (heavily |exposed, Iprobably even (ore o then (a noreal (reactor (cleaner 1 1 1 1 1 |In first 12 |yra of (eeployieent had (been huavlty (exposed. In (1974, liver (ebnoreality |and necrosis (diagnosed. | Data confireed (In Or D Byron (letter 16.8.77 |to CEF1C 1 1 |Latter of (2nd Nov (981 | f roe |0r David Byron 1 1 1_____ ;______________ In Mu Utter of |[ April 1962, !>t Hontetano of IARC say* In Sweden'* mal Board of OS lloalth gives 20-02-70 date of \ovta for Case 01 and 15-05-72 for Caio 02. IHPKRUL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES PLC PETROCHEMICALS AHO PLASTICS UIV1S10H LIVER Anglosareoaa Caaea - (Review llatei 1 Jan |984) UK Sheet 1 Page 18 COUNTRY AND REFERENCE NO NAME OR INITIALS OATH OP SIXTH COHPANY FACTORY FIRST VC exposure OATS OP DIAGNOSIS ACC AT DIAGNOSIS YEARS OP EXPOSURE TO DIAGNOSIS 10 YEARS OP EXPOSURE DATE OP OKAT1I 12 HISTOLOGICAL CONFIRMATION I ESTIMATED | EXPOSURE | OCCUPATION LEVEL | 15 OTHER CAREER lUCHLrCIITS OTHER COMMENTS 20.0A.01 02.06.37 21.06.20 > I \r lH WI lllilhoua 04.04.44 03.12.72 ( Pox A Collier paper aaye 21.12.72) 71 Barry 00.02.66 00.12.74 37 26.04.54 00.06.79 59 I I 20 22 03.12.72 Yea 500' ppa 11944-7 VCH (Pax 4 11917-8 Dria Collier 11948-61 paper |Autoclava aaye loparacor 23.12.72) (1961-66 Ifirtar J__________ lea end Harry Lancet 29-06074 pagea 1116-0 Oubloua fabrication caaa 1 09 3.5 24.12.74 Yaa Nigh (Autoclave Eipoaure Ictaanar I 1 inlced to 2.66 - 9.69 25 12.10.79 Hedluahlgh J____________ 1 154-5 I Bagging (Plane ra-war ftah acker 419-14' arey 155-6 eiitcla |Drier Plant (56-58 |Autoclave aialntanance ?45-54" tail pecker (wurker (58-61 (Chargehand (Drier |Plant 161-72 | Foraaan |C 2/3 Plant I 1 IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES PtC PETROCHEMICALS AND PLASTICS DIVISION UK Sheet 2 Page 19 COUNTRY AMO REFE.IPRSENCE NAME OK INITIALS DATE DP BIRTH COMPANY FACTORY PIRST VC EXPOSURE LIVER Angloaercona Caaaa - (Review Datai I Jan I9B4) 10 I II 7T DATE OP tsfat" DIACNOStS OIACNOSIS YEARS"OP | YEARS OP EXPOSURE TO | EXPOSURE DIACNOSTS DATE OF DEATH HISTOLOGICAL CONFIRMATION 12 14 estimated! n EXPOSURE;! OCCUPATION | LEVEL ' I ' | IS omit CAREER HIGHLIGHTS | other | COMMENTS I 20.03.IA tarry OB,01.SI 00.10,79 65 28 21 19.11.79 1921 BP Barry 79ZT oOTTSiT <8/9 07 RGB 26.04,20 BP Barry TaST 00.00.80 60 08 OB.OS.24 BP Barry 19.09.50 27.11.61 12 09.01.60 B2 TOTSiT TT 2S.12.81 i 6 cn cd n vj n & -; 11951-52 . |Polycleaner 11952-55 1 Later I1955-60 . (Folyfloor 11960-64 , IPol> i (CUargeliand 11964-70 I Charging . .loparator , 11970-72 , | Drier loparator ! . J7 yr. . |Poly Floor , (Oparator 15 yra (Craaaar on >Ply Floor IPolycieanar 11963-5 1 Recovery 11965-1971 ' 1 1950-19SB 500 pp>t 1966-1974 200 ppa 11950-51 [Autoclave ' |oparator 11951-1957 | Ctiergenan (autoclave Ibulldlng 11957-1974 I Shift (euperviaor 1 autoclave (building (Never |eleaned iautoclavai (but lauporvlaor'a |Job entailed lanturlng [autoclave* |to InHpeec |tl>ea J______________ 1938-1946 Rotor Koelianli 1948-1950 )|>eracor on Acetylene `roJuctlon Plant t IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES PLC PETROCHEMICALS AND PLASTICS DIVISION LIVES Angloaarcoea Caaaa - (Review DaCai I Jan 1984) *UK eyatee of data DAY - MONTH - YEA USA Sheet I Page 21 1 l 12 l3 > A 11 11 7 181 9 11 11 1 1 10 1 H 1 12 ( 13 1 14 1 is I >6 1 1 COUNTRY AND | NAME 01 I DATE OF t 1 ' 1\ 1| 1J 1L ii |I 1 1 1 1 1 1 FUST VC | DATE OF 1 ACE AT 1 YEARS OF YEARS OP 1 DATE OF | HISTOLOGICAL | ESTlHATED ( - I OTHER I OTHER ` REFERENCE 1 INITIALS 1 BIRTH COMPANY | FACTORY EXPOSURE > DIAGNOSIS | DIAGNOSIS | EXPOSURE TO | EXPOSURE | DEATH | CONFIRMATION 1 EXPOSURE | OCCUPATION t career | COMMENTS HO 1 1 1 DIAGNOSIS 11 1 LEVEL ( nicjiuciirs 1 1 (1 1 || 1I 1 1 1 11 1 11 11 11 1 1 USA 1 1 1l 11 1 (Hletory given |Rolling Stone I 1 11 11 ll 11 n Ajinala NY | Art 01 | Earl 117.10.2: SPC |Louie- i 09.12.At 03.03.73 1 A9 1 2A 21 (03.03.73 | Yea (Pot Cleaner (ACAD SCIENCES (flof 1 NY Acad (Purke | villa | 11 i1 1 |( Slock. Jaaa IVol 329 (1979)|a( Sc Syep 1 1i 11 11 l I 1974) p S3 (page 190 In 1197A 1 11 1 11 1 IPepar by (Alio Bluck 1 11 11 11 11 |B A Cortina of|Jaa 1.7.7A 1 i1 1I 1 (OSJ1A Ip 53 1 11 1 !L _L 1 1 1 11 1l l1 1 1 02 l |19.08.33 SFC |Louia- | 1S.I I.S5 00.0S.70 37 1A 13 127.09.71 | Yaa i |Pot Cleener 1 1 Hu f I 1 | villa | 1 11 KN10SII laaya i | |< Cf Black) 1 I1 > |Alvo Block (JAMA 1.7.74 1 11 |28.09.7I)| t1 11> 53 1 1 05 [Eduard 12S.0S.IS BfO i i >Louia- ! [ | 28.1l.AS 419.12.73 SB J_ 28 __L 28 11 11 (19.12.73 | Yea 11 1l |Poc Cleaner | t.oul a v 1 lie 1 l 1 Hof | | btnwldd 1 a | villa | 11 l(cr Block) | Courier ] Al ao bl ock l 11 11 l I Journal l 1 11 11 (02-09-80 1 1 11 11 04 I I1S.0I.2A BFC (Louia- 1 06.07.52 19.08.67 A3 IS IS (07.01.68 l Yaa l | villa | 11 I1 |Pot Cleaner 1 l(Cf Block) 1 1 1 Kef 1 | Al BO Bl ock 1 1 OS 1 1 12S.0I .12 ire 11 | 1I |Louia- | 19.06.AA 09.0A.6A i 32 1 20 | villa | 1 11 1i 20 109.04.6A | 11 Yaa | 1 | Par | (Cf Cleaner Block) 1 1 1 1 1 (Hef 1 i Al ao Bl ock 1 fI (1 1L J_____ 1 I l 06 1 Ray >23,11,28 ire t1 i1 |Louia- | 17.01.62 00.02.7A i A5 1 12 11 12 I2A.07.7S | Yea I i |US Air Parcel 1 (Ref 1 + (Auetln I villa I i1 11 1| 1 |Louisville | Joneal 1 It 11 i1 i1 11 11 I | Pot Cleaner 1 i |<Cf Block) 1 |Tinea 23.7.75 (Retired April l 11 i1 11 l1 1 | 19 74 i 1t i1 l1 l1 J (Alao Block 1 1 0? I Chari a a (01.05.22 ucc 11 11 11 f 1 |S Qierle-I 27.08.AA 00,00.68 > AS > 2A |T Siaart | aeon | i1 1 I1 l| 1 OS 1 11 i1 106.OS.20 Coodyear |Niagara | 07.10.A6 i 00.08.61 i A1 1 IS 1 I1 i1 1 11 i1 1 I1 i1 11 _ _Jl_ 11 17 (23.03.68 | 11 _JL. I( IS (29.08.61 | 11 11 11 _JL_ Yea Ya* 1 l I i I I l I i I | J____ 1 1 1 | 1 1 1 1 ( J___ 1____________________ 1 11 1 (Ref 1 11 1 1l (Ref 1 1 - ' 1____________________ see 4 .-0S76 IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES PLC PETROCHEMICALS ANI> PLASTICS UIVtStOH LIVER Angloaarcoaa Cnaea - (Review Date] 1 Jan 1984) *l)K ayetan of dates DAY - MONTH - YEAR Page 22 4) COUNTRY AND KEKEHEHCK HO NAME OR INITIALS DATE OP BlKTII Raynond Cettlefingur? 06.11.31 16.06.13 Goodyear 27.05.09 Goodyear Franela A Bee ha an 7.11.IS P1RST Vc EXPOSURE DATE OP DIAGNOSIS Louievilla 2S.OS.4S 01.03.74 Niagara 12.04.SI O0.0S.4S Niagara 14.10.46 00.03.70 'octatown 13.07.49 Pa 02.OS.69 ACB AT DIACN0S1S 43 S3 61 30 YEARS Or EXPOSURE TO DIAGNOSIS 29 2) 20 ID YEARS OP EXPOSURE DATE OP DEATH HISTOLOGICAL COHPIKHATION ESTIMATED EXPOSURE LEVEL OCCUPATION 24 11.03.7S 2000 ppai I0.0S.6S 2) 16.03.70 Yaa OTHER I | OTHER CAREER | COHMENT9 HIGHLIGHTS | ' I I I I Re M has . (wrong figure* |ra flrat (exposure. |Loulivllla (Tkaaa I29.IG.74. 112.1.75, |!0,).76 I I Raf 1 I I kef I 19 02.0S.69 Yaa High 10 yra 10 yra aa Utility A l 1Raf 1 latter reactor op. Service op. (of 26 April [not cleinar Bagger 1978 (roe - separate Dryer op. (RuaaoU A Perk craw cleaned Stripping op. |to J T Seawall autoclavee) 3 yra prior |o< MCA aorvlca In tyre plant Richard tdward Clendenln 01.12.21 ucc 1 14 1 1 1 --! 1 1 1 1 l1 S Charle 11.12.42 ston OO.OS.74 S2 1 11 11 1 1 1 11l 11 1 1 1 11 1 1 32 26 07.04.74 1 1i 11 1l ! -1 -- -i _ 2000 ppa 11 l L___________ ;i > |Char lea too (Dally Mall 121.7.75 _L i (Oubloua |fabricstton |caaa , 1 | IRibtOu* If abrlcatIon Icoie I O v; od n 'n --j IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES PLC PETROCHEMICALS AND PLASTICS DIVISION LIVER Anglossreotis Casoe " (Review Caret 1 Jan 1984) * UK Syatea of date* DAY - MONTH - YEAR USA Slieet ) 'Peg* 2) - COUNTRY and REFERENCE NO NAME OK 1HITIALS DATE 0t RIKTH COMPANY FACTORY \ FIRST VC EXPOSURE DATE OF DIAGNOSIS ACE AT DIAGNOSIS YEANS OF EXPOSURE TO DIAGNOSIS 10 YEARS OF EXPOSURE DATS OF DEATH I1IST0U5C1CAL CONFIRMATION I ESTIMATED |. EXPOSURE I OCCUPATION LEVEL OTHER CAHEEK I | OTHER j ' COMMENTS HICltLIClITS | Janee lloward 04.11.27 RPG Loulavllla 08.05.50 00.00,89 `ucfenbooa 08.08.31 BFC Louls- villa 23.06.88 11,10.74 43 19 Charlie Arthur 22.04.28 8PC Ivon Lake 18.09.54 00.00.75 46 21 27.03,89 Yaa I I J19S1-4 VCM Ipolyaer- lltadoit I I Froa 1984 I (Table 4 In onwards In IWugouer Ar*y and otherl Tamtaony Co service. |US Senate 48-80 Amy IConfltaud In IH H Johnson I Ur 07.08.78 16.10.80 Yaa on 11.10.74 but no poat-aortaa 16.10.80 02.11.75 Yea 13 yra I Navy autoc Uane r|_______________ I yra on | Eatol |Tyre Score ilaadcleerl i Carboaet j operation | I |Dr K H Johimo Ilattaf of 124.2.81 con| f lneed death |6 yea re atce r Idlagnoala_______ I ICunftraad In I h K Juluiaun |lir 07.08.78 1 Aleo Sol 1 Ing I Stone aig. 118.01.76 I Irgll 00.00.18 hr!eclan S Charie- 00.00.43 aton 19.06.75 60 32 32 06.04.76 :000 ppa l I I I (Willlaaspoct |Sun Cefdtte I 21 June 1975 (Charleston |Dally Hell 121.7.75 I.08.17 Goodyear Niagara 00.00.88 30.01.76 88 21 18 0.01.76 heater Inltl e 2.09.09 Charle 00.12.46 Early 77 67 30 22 2.01.77 ston | NlOStl letter lot 25.10.79 I |26 yr* with | LKX at SC | Retired |Now* re Ieosn 123.2.77 1 see 4 1)8 78 IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES PLC PETROCHEMICALS AND PLASTICS DIVISION LIVER AnglOaercDBi Caeoe - (Review Ditai I Jan 198A) UK syatea of ditee DAY - MONTH - YEAR USA Sheet A Page 21 iI COUNTRY AND HAKE OS DATE OP FIRST VC DATE OF ACE AT YEARS OF YEARS OF DATE OF HISTOLOGICAL ESTIMATED | OTHER | OTHER REFERENCE HO INITIALS BIRTH PACTOKY EXPOSURE DIACNOSIS DIACNOSIS EXPOSURE TO DIACNOSIS EXPOSURE DEATH CONFIRMATION EXPOSURE LEVEL OCCUPATION | CAREER | | HIGHLIGHTS | COMMENTS | USA 1 1 11 11 11 11 1 I 1 | 22 1 11 1 11 1 11 1 102.10.23 1 a pc 1 1 1 1 1 1 |U>uU- l 11.07.A7 1 00.01.76 62 1 29 |villa 1 1 11 11 JJ 1 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 78 IOA.12.76 l1 11 1) 11 11 11 Yaa 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 J |LOulav11 la |TIBaa 26.1.76 (laid ha uoi Itha lOdi AS |vletU at |Be 11 Lana of | wIiOb 8 had 11 11 l1 11 1 Idled by 1 11 11 11 l 1 l * 126.1.76 1 11 1 11 1 11 11 11 1l i1 1 1l 1( 1 11 11 11 1 1 1 1 J In his letter |of 16.09.81 JOr H N Johnaon 1 1i 11 1 1 1i 11 11 1 Ji 11 i 1 1i 11 1 l li l1 I 1 1i 11 l t li 11 1 11 1 T3-- 1 ioo.oo.~iy 1 Great |1 IfluK rgl 79.09.69 IS^STTT i id iJ 1 1 I | Aaerlcen | Haaa. 1 l 1 1 I | Cliaalcal 1 1 l1 1 1 i 1 ConMftv 1 __ L | | 2A (Cherlee 117.06.17 I ucc IS Chari a-1 1939 iJTTosTtT 1 60 1 14 1 | Edward 1 | (ton 1 1 | Utoore 1 J 11 l1 l1 11 11 1 11 11 1 11 1 11 1 1( 1 11 1 11 1 J 1 1 1 1 2*1 HNIOSII laaya 26) 1 j06.0A.73 j iI Yea 127.OS.77 ICholangioJ )aarco 1 |(R Kaaf/iik! I | 26/2/79) 1 1 1 IKedlu* to (high for 126 yr* ; 1 1 1 1` 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 |I9A1-66 non -| 1937-19 waa (solvent (off and on {vinyl main I labourer lunlt and II939-A1 nay taparalon |ltova been . {confine* thla 11 the |caaa deacrlbed |by Dannalier {Tanburro 4 Yin 1 In Fab 1980 I An J Medicine 1 Vol 70 i>260 _l_--------- ------------ 1 1 1 |H H Wheeler |letter of J19.8.77 to |J Stafford 1give* de t a 111 Inyt riNinalexpoied a> IRote KanlnsWI nit Flrat (reactor | Uttar of a fitter |cleaner I 26/2/19 O U) o: r; -j n -o >elpar> then|)9A3 bocaee hi ft |ehlft fitter tlllty ean 119A6 becena lalilft utility Jean |R Kaulniki j(S Nov |9B0) {uggaata that | HI05II will |retain on I2A.OA.6S (register allied lenploy.iant w a|tlila nopliin | Cere hta ted |aay be aaaocl- T5TT I ateJ ul tli ASL. Ir N Wheeler | Uttar of 120/2/79 and I R>iae Kentnakt J I from rag tar conf aed In R Kaialnakl Ut r of 5 Hovanbet 1990 lettqra of and | I IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES RLC PETROCHEMICALS AND PLASTICS DIVISION LIVER Angloaarcoiaa Cine* - (Review Dacai 1 Jan 1984) UK ayatee of dataa DAY - MOUTH - YEAR USA Sheet 5 Pag. 25 COUNTRY AND ELl'CHEHCE NO USA e) NAME OR IHtTIALS DATE OP BIRTH John Rerr; 07 .07.23 COMPANY Lauli- vllli ftKST. VC EXPOSURE DATE OF DIACHOSIS 03.10.47 00.00.77 (up ttt 2 yaara after death) TT------ rrnjor TJctT Pofreai S CharU- mrrTrr 3A.li.7A icon 11.04.17 S Char Ie- 00,08.44 ton 03.11.78 29 12.10.07 ucc S diarla- 00.03.42 00.03.80 aton 30 2TOJ75T Tenneco Ilealngto i1.06.64 30.li.46 Cheelcali os.u.ii ucc > Cliarlt- 12.03.46 aton ACE AT 0IACH0S18 32 (death) TF 72 TT TT 10 12 13 14 15 YEARS OF EXPOSURE TO OIACNOSIS YEARS OF EXPOSURE DATE OF DEATH 28 (death) 18 11.02.75 IT 38 25 nnr.Tff (NIOSH aaya 27 and C Dally Hall 23) TT 03.11.78 01.03.80 36.ti.iA TT 73 6i.o4.ii HISTOLOGICAL ( ESTIMATED | | OTHER | OTHER CONFIRKATIOH 1 EXPOSURE | OCCUPATION | CAREER | ___________________1 LEVEL j_________ I HICIIL1CI1TS 1 comments i1 I l I .! (Eapoaed In (Verloue JobeJ l IH Xaulnaki |eo*a degruel In PVC | |co 22 iplanta Iron | Iclieelcala (cold rooe tu| (but ailn Ipaate | |let ter of 126/2/79 and ' |Prof. Teuburr ]lector of (erpoaura (recovery to I |waa to VCH.lPVC charging] (probably loparacor to | Ihlgh Ipaate I (charging, till AugueC 19/1/79 I 1 11965. JTerelnated I eeployaent High I Jan 1966 (Ope rator to (Erpuaure In |r H Wheuler 110.10.76 (bulk and |ltr of 4 Jan J jdltperalun PVCII979 anJ | |aanufacture |Charleaton |1 lDo 11> Hall |, | |30. II. ? and || |R Keainakt __________ 1 ____________ J___________________ 126/2/79 |* KaelnaVl | lettur of Yaa I I I I ) I l 1 I J6" Unknown]Maintenance j 16/4/79 JR KaelnaVl I Let tera of 119th Juno 1980 (4 5th Nov 1980 |9 - Hlnleal|Mechanic - | I 14 fr$ 1 | (Blaewhura ) I IU y` I | |Roller liouae) | jOperator | J_________' t9 yra | High (But | Chcalcal I | Fro* (959 to j Or 0-icey |not aa hlgh|0prator In (1976 Al I pliat lc| 1 at tar |aa reactor Icharge (Cliealcala I16.10.BI and (cleaner (reactor ' (operator and |R H Wliealer (would | (fro* July I976Jlettar of. (eaportence)l |to date (9.11.81. lUurked aa | (labourer . | (free | (June 1941 | |to Hey 19461 land eey 1 |have | [cleaned | 1 . . | Fureeun ' jAlIphatlc | Oieelcal (Operation I I | Al eo Dr Dacey |letter of (07.03.83 ra (data of death. ( l Ireectura Inf I rl.ar Hu I I IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES LfHlTKD USA Sheet 6 Page 26 PLASTICS DIVISION `UR ayaten of date LIVER Angloearcoaa Cevaa - (Review Datei I Jan 1984) DAT - MONTH - TEAR 1 ll 1i 1 | 2 l J i 4 15 1 6 1 71 1 .J 1 1 11 COUrfTftV AHCi 1 NAME OR 1 DATE 0? 1 | INITIALS | BIRTH | __ COHPANY 11 | 11 1 1 1 msT'vc 1 DAT* OP 1 | FACTORY } EXPOSURE 1 D1ACH0SI3 | HO I 1 1 11 1 )1 11 l 1 US 22 1 11 |C U Cl rou*( 22-02-08 | Honaanto ( I1 1t Springfield 15-10-51 1 Mae* | 00-07-79 1 ) I1 11 1 | |1 || 1I Ii 1 11 11 I |1 11 1 1l lI | (1 11 | Ii 1i | |1 II 1 11 t1 1 11 1 11 1) 11 1 11 11 11 1I l (1 11 1 Il 11 US 3) 1 11 1 11 j S Pergucn(08-10-27 1 BFC i1 11 | Loulevttle 04-09-54 11-05-82 1 11 1 || 11 1 I1 1 1( |) 1 1 US 34 1 11 11 1 I Mr Byru# (29-01-34 ) RFC 11 11 ILouliVllle 1955 03-11-82 | 1 1 1| | 11 l t || 11 11 t 1 US 35 11 | | 11 109-05-12 | 1 1 1 ucc l 11 11 |8 Charle-I jaton I 23-07-44 18-07-83 1 t 1 1 | |1 I( 1 1 |1 |I 1 US 16 1 1 1 1 12I-0B-12 i 11 11 ITUe General 1 Aelitab (Tire and JUla i 1 111-06-56 | 121-08-83 I1 1 1 I |Rubber Co 1 1 l > o to co o co n h- 1 ' 1 1 1 1 | l 1 J |1 |I |t 11 |1 1J 11 J___________ L % 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ( 1 81 | ACB AT 1 1 DIAGNOSIS 1 1 1 71 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 54 | 48 1 1 | | 1 61 1 1 i I I 1 30 I l l l l l i l i i 1 1 1 11 i 9 1 10 1 11 i i2 1 n 1 14 | 1 15 1 16 _J _J J_____________ Jl_ 1 YEARS OP 1 11 11 I YEARS OP | DATE OP | HISTOLOGICAL 1 ESTIMATED 1 1 1 OTHER 1 | OTHER EXPOSURE TO I EXPOSURE 1 DEATH | CONFIRMATION I EXPOSURE 1 OCCUPATION ( CAREER ( DIACNOSIS 1 1 j LEVEL 1 1 HICIILIUITS 1 COMMENTS 1 J 11 1 l 1 11 I 28 1 14 117-05-80 1 An autopey |T1>t death (1940-1951 | |(ln PVC | uaa done and (Certiftcata)Varloue jobe( _i_________________ 1 | Inioraetlon (given in (autoclave | | Iwaedlate Iteve |ln polyaer | (letter of 24 laraa) | cauee el |Hc Clraux* liaaiiufactura f | February I9S: 1 | death given jueuel lailTVAR | 1 1 J* (occupation | LUSTREX | 1 (`Angloearcoaa "1 ai "kettle!1951-1964 ( 1 1 (operator' IVariout johaj 1 1 (In (in and | 1 1 ] "chemical a (around PVC | 1 1 | tnduetry*. lautoclavev | 1 l 1 11964-1473 | 1I IVarloue | 1 I l (clerical | 1 l 1 (Jobe in PVC ( 1 1 (polyaerlaation 1 1 1 (facility./ | 1 1 1 IRatired | I} f 1 1I I 101-03-73. 1 1ij |(rue Dr (Welter C |Bernce of |Mjieento ISprlngfleld col (Or A Hunn of (Honeento ] Europe. 1 1 i 1 1 l , -I-- 1 28 1 28 1 Alive 1 Tea 1 (Multiple I (Prof Teaburru 1 l 1 IJoba | |letter of 1 1 (Including | (12 Aug 1982 * 1 1 l [Poly | (Ur M N Jolmaon] 1 1 (Operator | | letter of 1J1 i 1l l 1 Polvcleaner. 1 1 (28 Peb I9B3. 11 27 1 io | Alive lYee + 1 (Poly , 1 |1963 left RPC (Ur H H Johnaon) i (Letoayoeareoaa| (Operator + (to become e I letter of l 1 (Autoclave., (Clergyman. |3 Hov 1982 i 1 1 1 Cl eerier | laud i 1 11455-65. t 128 Feb I9B3. 1 1 111 1. 39 1 . >4 118-07-83 1 Ye# (High froa l 1 |Dr Decay 1 (1944 to l 1 (letter of 1 11955. u1 1 13 Sept 1983. 1 (Medlua free) 1 1 1 J 1 1955-1958 J! 1 1 11 i t 27 1 27 1 Alive I Yea 1 Moderate (1956-56 . ( |K W U.indrle l 1 1 I labourer 1 | letter of 1 1 (1956-57 . | (12 Sept 1982 1 l 1 (prod helper ( (apotted at 1 i (1957-70 (rodleal 1 1 1 (operator | 1 May 1983. 1 1 , 11470-75 | (Tearing 1 1 i (electrician ( (coweunced 11 (1975-preecntJ (Hey |Vb) 1 11 J 1 i______________ J1 J__________________ IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES PLC Paga 2? PKTRUCIIKMICALS AMU PLASTICS UlVlSION / I LIVER Angiooitrcoaa Caaaa - (Review Data: 1 Jan 1984) 1 J1 1 > 1 I2 1 | i j3 1 I COUNTRY AND | NAH OK | DATE OF l RKPEKEHCB | INITIALS I DIKTII l HO 1 1 1 lYUCOSLAVlA 1 1 A COMPANY l -1 |S 1i 1 | 1 1 \' 1 | FIRST VC I FACTORY | EXPOSURE 11 I1 11 7 ________________ ! a DATE OF DIAGNOSIS ACS AT DIAGNOSIS |________________ 11 1 0) l 1 1 1 1 1 02 03 04 1 l 1 l 1 1 1 1 -P l o to l co n 1 mn l to I 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 t 1 1 1 f 1 1 1 l 1 l 1 1 1 t t | 1 1 1 1 1 I l 1 1 1 1 1 i i 1 I0S.04.IA 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 jlS.ll.3t 1 1 1 [21.12.31 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Jugo VI n II Jugo Vlnll Jugo Vlnll I1 1 jll. 06.30 1 1 1 1 1 1 J 1 1 1 1 Jugo Vlnll l 1 1 1l |Split 1 j 1 l 1 1 I (Spilt l 11 {Split 1 1 1 J 1 1 1 1 1 I1 1 Spile 1 1 { 1 1 1 1 1 1 J l 1 1 1 1 _J | 00.00.53 1 1 1 l 1 1 } 1 | 00.00.50 |, 1 1 | 04.06.3A 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 J 1 1 1 1 is.i2.sa [ OS .04.73 12.07.73 11.01.76 03.09.7S i i l I l l I I l i i I 1 J 59 A2 45 48 9 YEAHS OP EXPOSURE TO DIAGNOSIS 20 23 22 20 10 11 YEARS or EXP09URE DATE OF DEATH 20 08.04.73 IS 12.07.73 22 11.01.76 ia 03.09,78 12 IIISTOLOCICAL CONFIRMATION Yaa Yaa* Yaa* Yaa l1 13 1 >4 I 1 5 1 . 16 |1 ESTIMATED EXPOSURE I LEVEL 1 J OCCUPATION | 1 f OTHER CAREER I j HIGHLIGHTS 1 _11 1 OTHER . COMMENTS . ' ; VCH i Production j I1 {VCH ` {Production ( 1 1' 1 1 I 1 { 1 I' 1 i i i ! i 1 1 1 1 l 1 1J 11 1 1 11 ll 1 1 ' , 1 .1 .1 1| |SAK1C at al [paper { Env Health IParapectlra |Vol 17, tpp 189-192 11976 l 1 |*ln hla lattar jo( 3 Oct 1978 I Dr Splrtaa of INIOSII changed |cha atacua of |Cana to VC (production lonployee. |br Splrtaa |alao notified (a new Cana 03 (alio a VCH {production 1 worker 1 1 |Kona Kaninaki {Lattar of 119tl Juno 1980 {and IAKC {> et ter of *II April 1982 1 1 .. 1V 1 1 1 1 " ' !v - 1 !.. ) J____________ TABLE t (Review Date - 1 Jan 1984) Incidence of ASL Cases Per Annum By date of death 1955 6 7 8 9 1960 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1970 L 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1980 1 2 3 o in cd n co n 'A 1 \0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 2 0 0 1 5 3 2 3 5 7 6 11 11 9 10 5 10 4 1 4 Total 103 M.8. 1 Does not include Italian 01 but does Include German 03. 2 The 1977 total includes US case 24 which is a Cholanglosarcoma. 3 The 1982 total does not include US 33 and 34 who are alive and F 15 who is alive. 4 The 1983 total does not include US 36 and F 16, who are alive Page 28 Distribution of ASL Cases by Country TABLE 2 (Review Date - 1 Jan 1984) Page 29 USA W Germany France Canada UK Sweden Yugoslavia Italy Czechoslovakia Japan Belgium Norway ,.33 *** 21 *^' 17 *** 10 8 5 **** 4 ***** 4* 2 2 1 1 Total 108 * Omit ItOl - atypical case of PVC bag extruder. ** Includes GE03 aerosol can filler. *** Includes case US 24 which was diagnosed as Cholangiosarcoraa A US 33, 34 and 36; and F 15 and 16 who are alive. **** Includes one monomer worker. ***** Includes two monomer workers. i.e Western Europe North America Rest of World 57 43 8 bcc Total 108 t *t I f i Pattern of AS1- Casea by Factory TABLE 3 (Review Date - 1 Jan 1984) , V ` ... (a) W Europe Of the 57 cases In W Europe; 46 have occurred in clusters at 10 factories. Of the 21 German cases, 18 have occurred in clusters at 4 factories. ' ASL Cases Kemanord, Sundsvall PCUK, Brignoud Dynamit, Troisdorf Chloe Chlmie (Formerly RP) , St Pons Wacker, Burghausen CWH, Marl ICI, Hillhouse BP, Barry Solvay, Tavaux Lonza, Maldshut 5 5 10 8 4 2 2 6 2 2 46 Page 30 NB: There are 31 pre 1962 PVC plants in W Europe; 18 of these have had ASL cases (Ref Table 8) (b) N America Of the 43 cases in N America, 37 have occurred at four factories out of a total of 49 factories - in N America 39 plants have not had ASL cases. ASL Cases BFG, Shawinigan BFG, Louisville UCC, S Charleston Goodyear, Niagara 10 13 10 4 37 NB: There are 29 pre 1962 PVC plants in N America; 10 of these have had ASL cases (Ref Tables 9 & 10) (c) Rc81 of World The 8 ASL cases are believed to be in 1 cluster of 4 and 2 clusters of 2 cases TABLE 4A Latency Periods (Years from first Exposure to Diagnosis) (Review Date - 1 Jan 1984) Page 31 W Europe No of Cases Total Years Average Belgium 1 18 18 France 17 438 25.76 Germany 21 385 18.3 Italy 4 74 18.5 Norway 1 22 22 Sweden 5 122 24.5 N America UK 8 189 23.62 57 1246 21.89 US 33 835 25.30 Rest of World Canada 10 204 20.4 43 1039 24.16 Czechoslovakia 2 30 15.0 Japan 2 39 19.5 Summary Yugoslavia 4 8 85 21.2 154 19.2 W Europe 57 1248 21.89 see 4_088k N America Rest of World 43 8 105* 1039 154 2Ul 24.16 19.2 22.60 * Of che countries with^lO cases, France and 'TSA have average latency period abc***^world average and Germany well below i :'/:J distribution of latency periods TABLE AB (Review Date - 1 Jan 1984) Page 32 1i 1 11 11 1 1 1 1 0-9 yra | 10.-1A yra | 15-19 yra | 20-24 yra | 25-29 yra l 30-34 yra 1I 1I 11 1{1 Belgium Canada Czechoslovf d.a \ \ 1 I 1 | 1\1 1 1 I i 1\ 1 1 1 1 I\ 1 31 1 51 21 11 1 11 1 1i l| t 1 11 1 1 France 1 1 1j AI 2I 5i 2 Germany Italy Japan Norway Sweden UK USA Yugoslavia l1 11 11 11 11 11 li 11 11 11 )1 1 1| 11 11 11 1i iI 1 4I 1 1 1 1 1 2I 1 t 1 i 9i 2t 1 1| 1 1 1 2| 1 21 1 7I 1 1 1 1 6* | ) 2i j 1| J 11 1 1 1 1 1 7I 1 4I 1 1 2 \ 1 2i 1 31 1 81 i 1 1 1 2 4 TOTAL I1 1 1i 1 11 1 i 1 29 1 i 1 28 i 1 1 22 1 9 I 35+ yra | 1 Total | 1 Average | Latency | Period | 1I 10 | 1 2{ 18 1 20.4 l 15.0 1 3;| 17 | 25.76-| 21 1 18.3 f 4i 18.5 | ,2 | 1 { 1| 19.S | 22 ' I 5| 24.5 I I 8f 23.62 ( > 1 .33 1 1 4| 1 1 8 | 108 i 1 25.30 I 21.2 I 22.60 1 * Includes G 03 aerosol can filler o in cd n , CD r i (Review date L January 1984) TABLE 4C Page 33 LATENCY PERIOD OF ASL CASES TABULATED BY YEAR OF FIRST EXPOSURE MAX POSSIBLE 1 YEAR OF ! LATENCY PERIOD 1 FIRST EXPOSURE 1 LATENCY PERIOD \ ARITHMETIC MEAN 1 1 OF LATENCY PERIODS 1 I I1 '44 43 42 41 1- 1939 | 1940 l1 12 1 '38*V ! 1 37,21,37, 41 1 ~ 32,38 " ` 1 1 244 - 34.86 I7 I~ 40 1 3 1 38,14,32 | 1 |. 4. 1 28,11,24,20,24,34 , 391 718 26.59 I 5 1 27,22,28,29 1 27 1 1 6 1 21,29,31,26,28,15,23,1 I | 30,35*** I 1 36 1 7 1 29,24,29,28 35 1 8 1 28,24,34 1 9 I 30,26,20 1 l I 458 24.11 1 l 1 \ 1 1950 |1 | 26,22,31,L9,23,14,33 1 I 19,28,17,28 l 19 1 31 1 2 1 21**,15 l 30 1 3 l 25,22,23,22,20 1 1 4 I 21,21,25,25,21,28***,! 1 1 22 | 592 21.14 I 5 I 22,23,24,14,19,21,27*f* 28 1 ! 27*** | 1 6 1 21,12,27*** | 26 1 7 . I 19,17,15,13,16 1 25 1 8 1 18,18,15,17,20 | 1 9 1 16,21 I 328 16.4 1 | 1960 1 13,18 I 20 | 1 l 15,16,16,16,19,18,12 l 21 i 2 1 13,18,17,12 | 1 1 20 1 3 1 16,17 I 1 1 4 1 16,17 1 5 1 11 1 102 17 14.57 1 1 i 6 19 16 I 7 I 16 I | 1 1 15 1 /t 1 8 9 1970 1 I 1 11 11 1 1 VIOLA I11 11 11 ' 10 1 I 1 | TOTAL 1 2 3 4 1 i i 1 108 1 11 1 l MALTONI 1 1 GOODRICH | 1 2442 - 22.61 1 1 108 1 * Cholangiosarcoma ** Aerosol can filler *** US33, 34 and 36; and F15 and 16 still alive. PJST80061400,i1/WPX7-2 bCC 288 (Review dace 1 January 1984) Page 54 TABLE 4D LATENCY PERIODS OF ASL CASES TABULATED BY YEAR OF FIRST EXPOSURE AND GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION MAX POSSIBLE LATENCY PERIOD - 44 43 42 41 40 36 35 31 30 26 25 21 20 16 15 / y 1 YEAR OF 1 FIRST. EXPOSURE 1 .1939 1 1940 1' 2 3 4 '5 6 7 r6 9 1950 1 2 3 4 t5 6 7 8 19 1960 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 1 1 1 VIOLA i 8 9 1970 1 1 1 MALTONI 1 TOTAL 2 3 1 LATENCY PERIODS IN 1'. WESTERN EUROPE 1 NORTH AMERICA j 38* | 37,41***. I 38 t 28 1 27 1 21,29,31,33 I 29 1 28,34 1 30,26 1 26,22,31 1 19,28 1 21** | 25,22 1 21,21,25,25 1 22,23,24,27*** 1 21,12 1 19,17,15,13 1 18,18 I 16,21 l 13,18 1 15,16,16,16,19,18 1 13,18,17 1 16,17 1 16 1 11 19 1 16 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 57 1 21,37 1 32,38 1 14,32 1 11,24,20,24,34,39 l 22,28,29 1 26,28,15,23,30,35*** 1 24,29,28 1 24 1 20 1 19 1 17,28 1 15 1 23 | 21,28*** 1 14,19,21,27*** 1 27*** 1 1 15 1 i 12 1 12 1 1 17 1 1 1 1 1 ] t 1 1 1 43 1 ROW 1 1 1 1 1 23,14 l l 22,20 1 22 1 1 1 16 l 17,20 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 l 1 1 1 I ! I 18 * Cholangiosarcoma ** Aerosol can filler *** US33, 34 and 36; and F15 and 16 scill alive PJST8OO61400,12/WPX7-2 '39 (Review date 1 January .1984) TABLE 4E Page 35 PLANT 11 I START | 1 UP 1 .1 DATE ,rl 1 1 :LOUISVILLE 1 ,1 1 1940? | SHAWINIGAN 11 1 .1941? | I1 S CHARLESTON 1 1939? 1 TROISDORF Ii 1 1954 | LATENCY PERIODS OF ASL' CASES ' . .. . 12,14,15,19,19,20,24,27,28,28,28,29,29 11,12,14,21,22,23,24,24,26,28 24,30,32,32,34,35,37,38,38,39 12,13,16,16,17,18,19,21,23,25 NO OF | AVERAGE CASES | LATENCY PERIOD 13 1 10 1 10 .1 10 | 22.46 20.5 33.9 18 PJST80061400,13/WPX7-2 (Review dace 1 January 1984) TABLE 4F Page yo LATENCY - PERIOD OF ASL CASES TABULATED BY YEAR OF FIRST EXPOSURE AND SPECIFIC "PLANT ;' YEAR OF FIRST EXPOSURE 1939 1940 I 1 l S CHARLESTON 38 LOUISVILLE [ SHAWINIGAN 1 j TROISDORF 1 2 .- 1 37 1 32,38 21 I -3 4 5 6 7 ! 32 I 24,34,39 1 1 30,35 1 20 28,29,27 29,28 14 11,24 22 26,28 24 1 8l 9 24 1950 I 1 1 19 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 19 60 1 2 1 1 1 I I i 1 15 28 14,19 1 12 23 l 1 1 | l 12 21,25 23 1 12 13 | 16,16,19,18, 17 / PJST80061400,14/WPX7-2 SCr 4 (Review dace 1 January 1984) ... - -.- .-- TABLE 4G Page 37 1 PLANT 1 | START-UP DATE LATENCY PERIOD OF ASL CASES | !- 11 . ! SUNDSVALL I 1945 ' 1 16,19,27,29,31 1 '1 1 BRIGNOUD 1 ` 1950 " -\ 1 11,16,-18,26,30 1-ST FONS J' 1939 - l 1 BARRY ' 1 1 " l | -..- 1948.- |. 1 BURGHAUSEN | 1| 1933 l NIAGARA | 1947 J 21,28,29,37,38,27,41,34- i 9,17,18,28,31,33 7 1 17,21,22,25 - 1 15 ,'17,21,23 -NO OF \ AVERAGE PERIOD CASES 1 1 5 - 1 24.4 years 1 '5'/ 1 20.2 1 8 1 31.88 1 6 i 22.66 1 4 1 21.25 1 '4 1 19 I SPLIT 1941 20,20,22,23 21.25 PJST80061400,15/WPX7-2 (Review dace 1 January 1984) TABLE 4H Page 20 LATENCY PERIOD OF ASL CASES TABULATED BY YEAR OF FIRST EXPOSURE AND SPECIFIC PLANT YEAR OF 1 1 FIRST EXPOSURE I 1939 1 ' 1940 1 21 3 4 SUNDSVALL 1 1 1 1 BRIGNOUD ST FONS BARRY 37, 4l - 1 38 BURGKAUSEN 1 NIAGARA | SPLIT |1 1 | 5 1 27* 6 1 31 7 1 29 29 1 1 15,23 I 81 91 1 1 26,30 28,34 1950 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1960 1 1 19 i l 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 18 1 16 1 27 21 1 31,33 28 l 25 21 22 17 I 23* 17 20 22* 21 20 1! 1 2t 31 4 l 16 51 61 1 1 1 1 11 ! 18 17 ( 9 1 [ 1 ( * Monomer workers JS/JH/DSQ 16 25 January L984 PJST800614Q0,16/WPX7-2 sec TABLE 5 (Review Date - 1 Jan 1984) ' ,, Page 39 Annual Incidence of ASL Casea (Date of Death) by Geographical Area 1955 7 1961 2 4 7 8 9 1970 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1980 1 2 1983 TOTAL 11 1 Western Europe' [ North America | Rest of World | Annual Total 1 !1 1 i1 1 |1 j 11 1 i1 |1 1 1 |1 15 (2 i1 I1 |1 I4 i2 i1 Ii i4 13 i2 i6 14 16 i6 I3 |3 17 12 15 1 16 14 t4 Io Io |1 13 11 1 55 | 40** 1 i I i I 11 1 1 1 i 1 1 i3 111 12 ti 1111 nil to date | nil to date 18 i 1 1 ( 1 i 1 1 i 1 1 I j I I i 1 1 1 j i t 1 1 1 1 2 1 5 3 2 3 5 8 5 11 11 9 10 5 10 4 1 3 103 * Includes G03 aerosol can filler but omits It 01 bag extruder ** Does not include US33, 34 and 36; and F 15 and 16. All still alive. | Cumulative | i Total | Key Events f i 11 ! 1: 121 1 1 31 14 I 16| 17 I 1 1 1 1 1 12 1 15 1 17 1 20 1 1 | | 1 1 | Viola 1 i 25 i 1 33 | 1 | Maltoni 1 38 1 49 1 60 | I j I Goodrich 1 1 1 69 | 1 79 | 1 1 1 84 1 94 1 98 1 99 1103 ( | | | I 1 1 1 1 t 1 (Review date 1 January 1934) TABLE 6 Page 40 ASL CASE NUMBERS BY YEAR OF DEATH AND GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATIONS (EXCLUDING IT01) 1 KEY 1 I EVENTS 1 1 1 1 1955 1" 1 6 17 18 I9 1 1960 1 l2 13 14 l6 7 1 Viola 18 9 1970 IMaltoni 1 Goodrich 1 2 3 4 5 6 17 8 1 19 1 1980 11 12 13 1 Total 1 WESTERN EUROPE f 1 NORTH AMERICA 1 ! REST OF WORLD 1 1 1 Cl 1 1 C2 1 i l 1 US8 C3 ! US5 1 I t 1 Cz2 1 FI G1 Swl G2 Nl,Sw2,UKl,It2 G3** G4.G5.UK3 F2,F3,G6,G7,G8,It3 Bl,F4,F5tFo,F7,Sw3 F8,F9,G10,Gll,Gl2,Sv4 F10,F11,G9,G13,G15 G16,Gl7 F12,F13,UK4,UK5,G18 UK6, UK7,G19,Sw5,G20,G21 It4,F14,UK8,G22 UK09, It5, F17 55 1 C4,C5,US4,US7,US10 US12,US16 1 I 1 US11 C6,US2 1 C7 1 C8.US1,US3,US23 C9.US13 1 US6,US9,US18,US26 1 US19,US20,US22, 1 Yl.Y2.Czl t I Japl | Jap2,Y3 1 CIO,US21tUS24* 1 US27,US28 1 1 Y4 l1 11 1 US17, US29, US3G, US32 1 1 US31 \ US35 1 4q*** 1 1 1 i8 11 * Cholangiosarcoma ** Aerosol,; can filler *** Does noc include US33, 34 and 36; and F15 and 16. All still alive. PJST8006L400,1/WPX7-2 see 4-089? (Review date 1 January 1984) TABLE 7 Page 4*1 ASL CASE NUMBERS BY YEAR OF FIRST EXPOSURE AND GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION ,r " ! (EXCLUDING IT01) ~ ~' -KEY 1"^'EVENTS 11 |... WESTERN EUROPE - - I - - NORTH AMERICA - 1 -REST OF WORLD| 11 1 11 1939 i - 40 1 1 IFrll,Frl6*** 1 1 US24* 1 1 C3,US27 1 21 3 |Frl4 i 4 IUK1 5 1 Sw2 I US13, US29 \ C2,US19 | Cl,C5,US5US7,US28,US35 | C4,US3,US9 6 |FrltFr3,Sw4 1 7 1 Sw3 l C7,C9,US8,US11 ,US21,US3l I C6,US22,US26 l 8 lFr9, Frl7 1 9 |Frl2,Fr4 1 50 |Fr7,Nl,UK8,UK9 1 1 1Swl,UK5 | US1 | US12 | US16 I USIO, US32 IY2, Cz2 1 2 1G3** 1 3 iG15,It3 4 |G7,G8,UK4,G19 I US4 | CIO l US18,US33*** 1Japl,Y1 1Y3 1 5 |GU,G16,G18, Frl5*** 1 US2,US17,US20,US34*** 6 IFR10,G1 | US36*** 7 lFr8,G4,It2,G2 t ICzl 8 1Fr6,B1 | US23 IJap2,Y4 9 |Fr2,It4 | . 60 |G5,G13 | 1 ]G9,G10,G12,G17,G20,G22| C8 1 2 1G6 ,UK6,G21 3 IFrl3, UK7 l US6 l 1 4 |Sw5 | US30 5 IFrS I 1 6 IUK3 1 7 I It5 l I 1 A Viola ` \ 81 91 70 1 1 1 1 \ '' t Maltoni 1 1t 21 31 t 1 1 I1 1 Total157 1 I 43 13 11 1 * Cholangiosarcoma ** Aerosol can filler *** US33, 34 and 36; and Fr 15 and 16 are still alive. PJ ST80061400,2/WPX7-2 (Review dace 1 January 1984) TABLE 8 WESTERN EUROPE PVC PRODUCERS - START-UP DATES vs ASL CASES (CMTITINS G03) I START-UP 1 COUNTRY Nl* i i l LOCATION 1 ASL CASE NUMBER 1 YEAR OF YEAR 193L 1933 1938 1939 1940 1940 1! | West Germany {BASF (West Germany 1Wacker 1 Italy IMontecatini 1 France I Rhone Poulenc 1! 1 United Kingdom! ICI {United Kingdom!ICI 1 | Ludwigshafen |Burghausen 1 Azna t St Fons 1 Runcorn IHillhouse 1 I 104,07,11,15 1 103,09,10,11,14, 115,16,17 - 1 101,04 1 1st Exposure 1 157,54,55,53 1 {46,48,56,41,43, 155,41,48 1 144,54 1945 1946 ! Sweden 1 Switzerland 1 France iKananord ILonza IFhone-Poulenc I Sundsvall(Stockvik) 101,02.03,04,05 ISins IPousillon 101 151,45,47,46,64 I146 1947 {Italy 1 Montedison | Porto Marghera 102 157 1948 | United Kingdom| BP Chem IWest Germany 1 tills {Barry (Marl [03,05,06,07,08,09166,51,62,63,50,50 109,10 161,61 1949 {Belgium 1950 {France {Solvic JPuk {Jemeppe IBrignoud 101 {02,04,05,06,12 158 159*49,65,58,49 {France {Rhone Poulenc ISt Auban 107 150 [Holland 1 Norway I Shell | Norsk IPemis |Heroya 1 101 \ 150 1951 1952 1953 1 Italy {Italy 1Austria {France {Montedison {Montedison IHalvic (Solvic {Brindisi {Tend. IHallein {Tavaux 1 1 1 108,13 1 l 1 157,63 {Italy 1Solvic {Ferrara 103 153 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960 {Spain IRlo Rodano IHemani lEdited Kingdom IBIP lAydiffe {West Germany IHcechst IWest Germany IDynamit IGendorf 1Troisdorf 1 {Spain {i {Monsanto Iberia IMonzon 1 Spain ICaiqsa ISabinanigo 1 1 ttLspavic IWest Germany ISolvay {Torrelavega IFheinterg {Italy IS C Ravenna IBavatna 1 1 118 101,02,08,12,16, 117,19,20,21,22 1 l { 1 104 1 { 155 156,57,54,61,55,61 9 1 154,61,62,61 ( 1 1 1 159 1960 IWest Germany ILonza iWaldshut 106,13 162,60 1962 1965 1966 {Portugal {France {Italy {West Germany IWest Germany Idres 1 Rhcoe-Pculenc IPozzi iWacker IHoechst 1 Oporto 1 IMontlucon 1 (Ferrandina t {Cologne 1 1 Knapsack(Frankfurt) 105* 1 1 1 1 {60 1967 1968 1969 1970 (France {AID Qnmie I Spain | Rio Rodano {Greece {Esso Pappas {Belgium IBadiphil limited Kingdom!Vinatex ! Italy 1Rumianca 1 Italy I SIR IBalan. {Miranda de Ebro IDiavata Salonika {Antwerp JStaveley {Cagliari Sardina {Porto Torres Sar 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1971 1972 1976 1977 {United Kingdom1 ICI {Runcorn 1 Italy IS C Ravenna 1 Ravenna 1 Spain I Kispavic IMartorell {Sweden IKemanord {Stenungsund {United Kingdom!BP Chem {Baglan Bay 1 Finland 1Pekema t Svartback I Holland IDSM IBeek Limburg 1 France ISoc Art D`vinyl iMazingarbe I Spain 1 Monsanto Iberia!Tarragona 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 ! 1 1 * Laboratory worker in Research Department **Pansac, Mira Venice, case not included. (It 05) due not knowing start up dace of die Plane. PJST80C61400,3/WFX7-2 (Review date 1 January 1984) TABLE 9 Page 43 USA PVC PRODUCERS - START-UP DATES vs ASL CASES 1 START-UP 1 COMPANY NAME 1 -- -LOCATION | ASL CASE | .YEAR OF YEAR I ----- - -...... | - ............. - \ NUMBER - | 1st EXPOSURE 1939? |*UCC 1 1 S Charleston - -[ - - .................... 107,13,19,21,24,144,42,43,46,39, [27,28,29,31,35 [41,44,42,46,44 1940? I*BFG 1 Louisville 101,02,03,04,05,148,55,45,52,44, 1 . - - ........ . 1 - - | ........... -- -- 106,09,16,17,22,162.45,50,55,47, 126,83,34 147,54,55 1946? |*UCC 1947 I Goodyear 1948 1 Firestone - - -| Texas City .... I Niagara Falls 1 Pottstown 1 -108,10,11,20 [12 i [46,51,46,55 149 | Uniroyal 1950 l Monsanto l Painesville t (closed 1975) -|- Springfield -- 1 1 132 - 1 I 151 1952 1 Dow 1 BFG | Midland | Avon Lake 1118 1' 154 1953 I Diamond 1 Deer Park 1 ! 1954 | General Tire j Ashtabula 136 156 1956 I Air Products | Pensacola 1 Atlantic Refining 1 Brooklyn 1 Borden | Leominster 1 1 1 1 1 ! j Conoco 1 BFG i Great American 1 Hebronville I Niagara | Fitchburg 1 1 123 1 1 138 | Plastics I Hooker 1 1 Hicksville 1 I 1 i 1 Pantasote | Passaic 1 1 1957 I Atlantic Tubing 1 Tenneco | Cranston 1 Flemington NJ 1 130 1 159 1958 1 Keysor Century 1 Saugus, Cal j 1 1960 1 BFG | Watson, Cal 1 1 I Air Products | Calvert City 1 1 (closed March 1982) 1 I I Borden 1 Illiopolis 1 S 1962 1 Tenneco [ Burlington NJ 1 1 1963 1 Conoco f Aberdeen, Miss 1 1 1965 ] Stauffer Y Conoco 'l Ethyl 1966; 1 Diamond l Long Beach, Cal 1 Assonet, Mass 1 Baton Rouge 1 Delaware City 1 1 ! 1 i 1 1 1 1 General Tire/Pantasl Mt Pleasant W Va 1 1 1 BFG I Henry, 111 1 1 1 Stauffer 1967 1 Allied 1 Delaware City l Painesville, 0 [ 1 ( I 1 (sold to Robtncech) I 1 Hooker 1968 I Firestone 1 Burlington NJ l Perryville 1 1 1 I 1969 1 BFG 1 Pedrickton NJ 1 1 1 Goodyear I Plaquemine I 1 1 Olin 1 Assonet, Mass 1 1 l (Formerly Conoco) I 1971 1 Conoco I Oklahoma City 1 1 1 1 1 1 PJST80Q61400.4/VPX7-2 OQO TABLE 9 (Continued) Page 44 USA PVC PRODUCERS - START-UP DATES vs ASL CASES 1 START-UP I 1 YEAR 1 1 1972 | 1 1973 | COMPANY NAME Nat Starch Borden Robintech 11 1 1974 | Atlantic Tubing 1 1 Shintech 1 1975 | Certain--teed l t Georgia Pacific 1 1 Tenneco 1 1979 | Firestone | LOCATION 1 I Meredosia, 111 | Springfield ] Painesville, 0 | (sold to Georgia I Pacific who | converted to | polystyrene) | Cranston RI 1 Freeport, Tex 1 Lake Charles 1 Plaquetaine, La 1 Pasadena, Tex 1 Plaquetaine- ASL CASE NUMBER 1 YEAR OF 1 1st EXPOSURE -V;. 1 1 - | - * My databank has no information on UCC before 1946 or BFG before 1950 MB Some of the plants in this list were closed down, some have changed ownership over the years i PJST80061400,5/WPX7-2 see 4-0099 (Review dace I January 1984) TABLE 10 Page 45 CANADIAN PVC PRODUCERS - START-UP DATES vs ASL CASES 1 START-UP l I YEAR 1 1 1 - 1943 [ 1(1941?) 1 1 l 1 1951 _ 1 COMPANY NAME Goodrich -' Monsanto* ^' ' ' I .... LOCATION 1 ASL CASE 1 NUMBER | Shawinigan ... 101,02/03,04,05 106,07,08,09,10 1 La Salle.. l _ . ... S 1 1957 . 1 Goodrich 1 1; 1 .1966 ^ f Esso .. ........................ 1 | Welland |. Sarnia 1 1 1 1 1 1979 1 Diamond Shamrock Alb 1 Fort Saskatchewan 1 11 1 YEAR OF l 1st EXPOSURE 1` - 144,43,41,45,44, 147,46,61,46,53 1 1- 1 1' ' ! ! 1 i ,, . 1 l 1 | I 1 { 1 { 1 l I * Terminated 1975 PJST80061400,6/WPX7-2 sec (Review dace 1 January 1984) TABLE 11 Page 46 EASTERN BLOC PVC FACTORIES - START-UP DATES vs ASL CASES I START-UP 1 COUNTRY NAME | COMPANY NAME | LOCATION YEAR 1 t I . .. 1Pre 1939|East Germany :State Company 1Schopau 1941 I Russia |State Comps (Vladimir et al 1950 1 Yugoslavia 1Jugo Vinil 1 Split 1951 I Czechoslovakia 1 State Comps (Novaky 1955 [Ease Germany 1 State Comps 1Bitterfeldt 1956 1 Rumania lState Comps 1Icechim 1957 1 Poland 1 State Comps |Osweicim (Dwory) I Rumania (State Comps ITirnaveni I1 (Turda 1958 I Rumania 1 State Comps IRisnov 1959 1 Hungary 1 State Comps 1Berente Borsod 1961 | Rumania 1 State Comps IBorzesti 1963 I Yugoslavia lOhis (Skop.le 1965 1 Bulgaria I State Comps 1 Varna 1967 1 Poland 1 State Comps J Tarnow 1969 |Russia t State Comps 1 Dlerlinsk 1970 1 Rumania 1 State Comps (Rimnicu Vilcea I Russia 1 State Comps 1 Volgograd 1972 I Yugoslavia (Vinilplastika |Zadar 1975 t Czechoslovakia 1 State Comps |Neratovice 1 Russia 1 State Comps (Kalush Area 1976 (Yugoslavia (Hip (Pancevo 1977 I Rumania I State Comps (Rimnicu Vilcea 1 ASL CASE | - NUMBER I YEAR OF 1 1st Exposure i |. (01,02,03,04- 153,50,54,48 (01,02 . - 157,50 1 ! 1! I 1' : i 1 I 1 1 } S. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 ( 1 I l 1 PJST8006 L400,7/WPX7-2 bCC 4-09Q| 9? *T (Review date 1 January 1984) Page 47 TABLE 12 |START-UP ! YEAR 1 1950 1 1951 1 1952 1 1951 1 1955 1 1956 1 1957 1 1960 1 1964 1 1966 1 1967 1 1968 1 1970 I- 1971 l 1973 | 1974 1 1975 1 1977 .. JAPANESE PVC PRODUCERS ~ START--UP DATES vs ASL CASES - COMPANY NAME Chisso Corp Kanegafuchi Kag 1 LOCATION 1 [ Minamata | Osaka l ASL CASE 1 NUMBER 1 YEAR OF 1 1st EXPOSURE Tekkosha .............. Mitsui Toatsu' Mitsubishi Mon Sumitomo- Kag Detiki Kagaku Nippon Zeon 1'Sakata " I Nagoya 1 Yokkaichi !' Kikumoto I Shibukawa 1 Kambara. 1 01, 02 - ! 53, 58 1 .1 Toa Gosei Ryo-Nichi 1 Tckushima 1 Uozu 1 Nippon Zeon Nisshin Kagaku 1 Takoaka 1 Takeo I Kureha Kasei Shinetsu Kag Denki Kagaku Kanegafuchi Kag Chisso Corp Tokuyama Seksui San Arrow Kagak Sumitomo Kag Ryo-Nichi Shinetsu Kag Chisso Corp Denki Kagaku Kanegafuchi Kag Kawasaki Yuki Mitsui Toatsu Nissan Kagaku Shinetsu Kag Tekkosha Asahi Glass Toyo Soda ..Central Kagaku Toyo Soda Unknown l Nishiki 1 Naoetsu | Ohmi 1 Takasago ! Chiba | Tokuyama 1 Tokuyama 1 Chiba I Mizushima | Tokuyama ] Mizushima 1 Goi (Chiba) | Kashima ] Kawasaki [ Sakai [ Chiba I Kashima 1 Yokkaichi i Uayatsuki | Sakata ! Yokkaishi 1 Kawasaki I Yokkaichi | Kashima 1 1 1 1 1 .J 1 I 1 ! i i i i i i i i i i i 1 f 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 I 1 i 1 1 ! 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 | 1 | | 1 |. 1 i I 1 1 | l 1 1 1 | I i i l 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 PJST80061400,8/WPX7-2 see 4-OQ O (Review date 1 January 1984) Page 43 TABLE 13' SOUTH AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PVC PRODUCERS |START-UP 1 COMPANY NAME YEAR 1953 1 Monsanto Mexica 1954 1 Policyd 1955 1 Geon Do Brazil 1956 1 Elchlor 1960 | Electrochlor 1' Viplastic 1961 1 Indupa 1965 I SOC Paramanga 1 PET Columbiana 1966 1 Carburo De Col 1967 I Plasticos Omega 1968 I Primex 1970 t Policasa 1 Petro Dow 1971 1 Polimeros Mex 1975 1 Rico Chemicals 1976 1 Petroplas 1977 1 Indust Resistoc 1978 1 Huls Brasil 1 Polychem 1 Policyd 1979 1 PET Camacari I LOCATION ASL CASE 1 I Lecheria (Mexico) ' NUMBER l Mexico City (Mexico) | Sao Paulo (Brazil) | Sao Caetano (Brazil) ICapitan BermudezfArgentina} 1 Mendoz (Argentina) | Cinco Saltos (Argentina) | Paramonga (Peru) | Cartagena (Colombia) I Medellin (Colombia) I Mexico 1- | Puebla (Mexico) I Managua (Nicaragua) l Conception (Chile) | St Martin Puebla (Mexico) 1 Guyanilla (Puerto Rico) 1 EL Tablazo (Venezuela) ! Tlazcala (Mexico) _1Cubato (Brazil) 1 El Salvador l Coatzacoalcos (Mexico) l Camacari Bahia (Brazil) | YEAR OF 1 1st EXPOSURE i - 1 | l 1 1 l 1 1 l 1 l PJST80061400,9/WPX7-2 see 4_q90~