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AR226-2700
AR226-2700
TORONTO WORKSHOP MATERIALS
September 13-14,2004
John Gannon
DuPont Central Research & Develop Wilmington, DE
of
in the
Is the Sources?
contribution of emissions
dj,rect
is the potential for degradation of the Fluorotelomeras an indirect source?
as an
contribution of Fluorotelomer raw ma
source?
Potential PFCA Sources : F(CF2)
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Particle size categories:
Particle diameter (Dp):
Dominant Removal Mechanism:
Typical residence
time:
Coarse mode D > 2.5 urn
Gravitational
settling
minutes to days
Accumulation mode
< 0.1 Lim < D <
2.5 Lim
Wet deposition
days to weeks
Aitkens mo
< 0.1
Dry dep
minutes
on soil/ in water via gravitational settling /
9 Materials that are volatile or sublime may evaporate back to atmosphe
8 The dominant particle sources (by mass) in air are mineral dust from w
soils and sea-salt particles from wave-breaking.
After Material deposited on soil and in water via wet deposition:
9 Water soluble/miscible materials will move with water (e.g., PFCAs)
8 Water insoluble materials with high adsorption coefficients may adso matrix at or near the surface (e.g.. fluorotelomer alcohols (FtOH))
8 Note: TRP soil adsorption studies showed essentially full recovery of Ft soils and soil pore water, but no FtOH in air traps. Adsorption clearly
Questions: Would FtOH adsorbed to wind-blown soils be:
reactive in the atmosphere?
in remote locations as wind-blown soil with adsorbe
may:
a account for transport of PFCAs and FtOH from surf
to the atmosphere.
a enhance rate of sublimation for PFCAs from soil sur m limit potential for FtOH transformation in atmosphe a deposit FtOH in remote locations as wind-blown soi
adsorbed FtOH.
1.
and
may be deposited in marine bo
of
and
with
2.
and winds move sea-salts into at
3. PFCAs may enter atmosphere via transport on evaporate/sublime from marine boundar
4. FtOH
enter atmosphere via transport on
or perhaps it is transformed in marine b
it may be
to sediments.
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rasshopper Effect & Global Fractio
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of evaporationJsubllmation to the atmosphere,
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and then wet deposition (i.e., rain. snow
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influence residence time and hop probability
PFCA Sources : FCCF,)
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To evaluate Fluorotelomer-based Pol
(FTBP) as a potential contributor, we need to look at the potential for the FT
be degraded.
(FTI
B
%.
Abiotic Transformation
Hydrolysis
Thermal (Incineration Studies) Photochemical Stability under Industrial & Con
Use conditions
Biodegradability: Sewage Treatment Pla
. Modified Zahn-Wellens Test per OECD 302B . STP Simulation Test per OECD 303A Anaerobic Biodegradability of Organic Compounds
Digested Sludge per OECD 311
(FT
9 Biodegradability: Soils and Sediments
Aerobic and Anaerobic Biodegradation Studies
. Range of soils and sediments to allow for evaluatio
differences in physical-chemical parameters that m influence biodegradability potential. Expected Duration: 1 year
m Determine Kinetics (if possible)
fully answer questions about PFCA sources in environm
understanding contributions of emissions from all PFC
Need to develop a global distribution model to evaluate relationshi
PFCA emissions with presence in environment and biota.
Need to Understand if Fluorotelomer-based Polymers Transfor
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