Document YYOyV1bB0px7KwNZ3LmoX3kK

*** r':sr - * *' : ) tfi'stti& \.\ v/;:'. ;*>ii.Vft v; ; >.*-.: V < 'ii ' ' 1 ! . f* ; r !*;>Vs* UjsfoftG; Bf $ ^53 'yi <#M9 ASBESTOS PRODUCTION IN SOUTHERN RHODESIA I'.y \V. K. Sinclair, M.I..M..M. IConsultin" Minin;; Kn:;inper Southern Rhodesia is well known ns a producer of p.hrvsot ilr asbestos, rnukiiif; 111 i r< I in order o|' wnrl<l oul. put, assuming that I lip recovery in Russia is next to that nl' Canada. The most ini|inrlanl point about the Rhodesian nslipstos, Iiowpvpp, is that it is of excellent quality. An interestin'; leal n ip is llial litis eniintry, likp fnnndn. possesses only chrysntilc. not withstainlino l.hr fact that on its southern border. tin* I'liion ol' South Africa is IiIpsspiI with every known variety of the ashcsliforni minerals. The industry in Khoilrsia lias maile I rpinpinlons Strides in ils pomparatively short life, mainly hecaMsc of the ipialily of the librr. lint also, no ilonht, bccniisr a larjre $ perrenltijro of file output consists of oood spiiinin<r tirades The revenue carried from the i.iIiip of Ihp aslicslos produc ed to-day roii.sliliiles an iniporlant I'aelor in the economy of the country and indircclly Ihe industry >'ommanils a major position in the life and work ol the colony, since the aslicslos lipids cover an extensive area. 'I'lic total value of tin' aslicslos produced and sold in 1!I:V2 was tti.li-VJ.IKIO, which is more than one-third ol I lie whole mineral product ion of Ihe country for Ihe year. A somewhat surprisin',; feature of this record onlpnl is that the value of aslicslos has actually exceeded that ol "old. 1 p to now RImdcsia has depended on ;;uld onlpnl as its main revenue earner, which has aeeonnled lor Ihe fact that it has been considered a fjold producin'.; country first and roremnsl. Oite curious ease that may ecnilradiel this idea is th.it the Antelope tiold Mine near I'.nlawayn. having exposed flood "slip" fibre in ils niidcr;rrnnnd development Innin-ls, the Company is seriously chancin'; over from cold In asbestos product ion. This, all.lio a new type of mine In join I lie list nl producers, is only one of many new developments that are steadily huildinc up the record output. Piiyc G i.s/i/;.v7'i).s .lip/lfxl I'i 'l l PLAINTIFF^ I EXHIBIT JH Tliis ^vnwiii" prinlni-1 inn ;mil Hu- increasin'; value is clearly indicated in the I'nllou III^ t;11iI: tlulpul mill Value Year Tons Value 71 ,.VJ(i ntii:.. cut lilfil TT.iHid ir,-j. i ns lit.TJ s:i.ti<nr li.ii.vj.ooo (approximate) Average sclliii" pr Oil..7 7(1. Sl.l Allho I lie iivrrii'.'r -'< 11 i 11 u price shown is based purely oil the value of I lie lutiil mil pul *T all "fades. il does iu- f licit I f that there has heeu a hiL'hcr priee lor the mineral which is euiiiiiiiiii in must liehls. These suhstaiilial inilienlioiis oT the "rowth of the industry, together with extensive new developments malm it opportune to oonsidov the story oT this chrysolite eoimlry and its I ni lire prospeels. The serpentine rocks are lairlv widespread thrnout the country. It is in these that most of the main asbestos hearing formations are found and likewise many of the prinei)ial mines are loealed. 'I'hese are referred to later. The (5reat l\vke of Khudesia is a prominent "roho/ir.d fralnre of the eountry and it is responsible to some extent for many of the ehrvsolile deposits. The most important oeeiirrenees. however, are those found in the rocks of the basement, schists in which serpentiuization has resulted from the infliiem-c of intrusive "lanites. The ore-bodies "morally oeeiir as lenlieidnr masses ill the serpentine rocks which form ranees of low hills, a not micmiaiiiin typographical feature of tin* hush-eovere I terrain. In most of the deposits, whether ocrnrriii" in the rocks of the (treat Dyke or in those result ill" from the (Inriss-j'i'aiiilc iolriisioos just described, the disposition of the asbestos seams in the .serpentine assume a sloekwerke pattern, with a tendency, sometimes, for a number ol the criss-cross seams to follow a "eiieral "strike" nr dtp trend, hill rarely to form continuous regular reef-like bodies. Most roiiiiiionlv the asbestos occurs as erossdihre scums, hot there are also many inslauees where il is found HS slip-fibre, lyin'; Hal hap Imzardlv in the eraeks nf the Tope a t.s :rsTns' -.tiiimil , r: t*# 5 fe> SSPIX PI V4Xv- SCrpCMlitH*. `('hr best known spots of slipdibre Orrilfmirrs fire first sonfli ol Shubaiii. 111 * ` slipdibre " area, smmillv Near Ielin"\ve and wist of tiwanda. 'Slip lihre U "rnerally considered )u hr longer Mem flint occurriii" in cross.fibre soams hut wd always nt* com parative tpialiC. Sumr of Mu* hn;.res| ft)ri vc,r I'niiiul was six inelies in I n 111 ami this came from cross.idur seams. The averam* I*nmininci-rial trrade produced is from tun inches In three bodies in } * 11111. Willi | |i > in. creasiii*; product inn nl' short lihre irradrs (r\en I'rmn n|d dumps) 1 hr former liwh |.. r<- nI;ii n|` Impj spiimiu-j"fades is hriuir :r r;i l mi 11 y reduced. Considerin': 11** M/r ami importance of tin* ash.-sins ini f list ry joda \ . il is hard i o ima *j i ti 1 I hat I his development has taken plan- in little more Mum II) years. Forty years ajju llu* urt"tual small prospects wriv lirsl opened up bv rtilerprisiu" pioneers. Aetna! product inn did not Mari until some years later, indeed it was not unlil 1511 !l lli.ii tile unlpiil readied l.UfMt Ions. In just under do rears, therefore, tin* total animal proditriion has risen from l,dd(l Inns tu Xd.OOO li'iiv I'hincrease lias heen 1`airlv steady thruoiil tin* period. allhn a definite impetus was jriven b,v the phenomenal demand followin'/ tin* Iasi war. Credit for the success n|' 1 he industry must irn t> tlie prnspednrs wln opened up these liidils in the face of many physical dilliculties in a country which al lliat time was completely undeveloped. Resides till* local handicaps, the asbestos pioneers were faced uilli keen enmpelilion from the old established industries in Italy, Canada and Russia where dirysot i)e asbestos had already been in production from *10 to oil years earlier. The first recorded investigation f,f asbestos near Mushaha. in the Fort Victoria Mistriet. was in 1!!U7. Eventually this led to the devetopment of (iatlis Mine and others in Mu* Afaxhaha ar<a when* product inn really started in Old. Al the same lime the Shahani develop ments enuie into Mu* picture, and ever since, this area Ins retained its position as 1)10 hi'rurxl producin'* centre m the country. To he emo 1111 h'd in the September iiiimliff, l*ar;r It) asiicstos .110;aKt FTYmBR -ii: Fp 'OUL^X i Vl 1| ii-}"v- **T ASBESTOS PRODUCTION IN SOUTHERN RHODESIA Tl>i - t ' tin- 'roili! in*u.1Hnn'ul nl' t In- ;u l i< lr M \\ 1! Sin-|;m . Ml M M \ < *>n>ll im: Minim; Kiii.im-r' Tin- fn*u r 11 l. 111111 111 in <*m AnuO || \\ ,i s. \ r r \ many \ rat's laPr, Imi1 nu, hHmv tin- imluslrx u.is ''|n-r;Munu >nunlhly Mnnim ;m<l hami- rnhhinif n| ihr ;islicsl ik mit rr-alnj a ininiln-r <' initial prnhlruis ami (hrs.- \\-*rr In In* In'InUrM hv r\rn !_r I * : 11 - l iliflirilll it's in fin- m ii f 11 * i n| in it ii ;i uira I |y I null in *_r tin* nr.' In rri-iM rr su 11 > I nr1 nr s utud'-s '! ashr.strs. l)r*,ppr ill'* rxninph* nl' I 'aua.lMii niillii|i ;n-! u*r. \\ !>,>!; nrarly lm y<*:u's u 1 \ |n-rim*'ii m" I>*I hit an rllir im t |ln Ml w ;is r\ nl \ - ml In pm-hlrr i 1;v ^ i (' < t "rniirs wlnrli wi'IT ; i * i | i t ;i J * ? i In lin* in ;i n n I ;i < 111 rn i's Tin* mnsnii |m* tin- imli;tl diHirult irs c\ |i'*ri''nri'l i*> ;i itiiii n I '< I Inr h\ tin- !:int*r -ui.ilil\` nl Imi:' fihrrs in lln* mv ;m| Ihr lari lliat tin* Uhnh*siau ushrslns is iimii' inmlnr than nms| tPhrrs, During . arly yi-ais vvrrnl laiu-* mnirs w-rr nprnr*l up am) Ttini'T V Nrwall LlM. assuim-il .nulml nl lln* Kiniflnviaii \ <n*imral A sin**. I ns I nrpnra I mi i. 1,1.1, Ini- Imwil !iv nllh*r stnui" minium's. all nl' ulm-h ^r;nhiall> pul lln* i 11111 iv. t r \ "it a imii'i' s I ,j Ii I < * ha>is Tim slruilv ami I'n'i' 11u*I'casm:: u!il)iui has naturally Ih*(*11 rih'diira'.m'i 1 h\ lln* -|i niaiul ami hrlPr pri**ns ; i} n 11 `i *i 1 in tin* la-.I l*u \r.ir*. iin* miisisi n n 11 \ np xvarM fmiul in pm.- \alm*s has ^ncn an adilrd miprfns in lln* mlriisivc 11 \ t * I p 1111 * n I nf lln- nmuTal Manx lari*, r ami jnipnrl.iMl urn miuiiij I'ninpanns haxn ruirrrd lln* fii'fi [. am| m ninn- iln*ir I'Kni'Is air ali ;nlx mnlnhnt ini* t m lln* in-.* mp pm Snini* n!` lln* nhhr muirs m lln* .Mashnha ami Shaham arras am mtiiiii*.' 1*\ iiihI<*i "p-ninl m'*lhnils. hn-atisr !hr mi* hmli.s t <n i f in ihp at a Mat anulr uhirh limits lln* Mrplli at \ \ 11 m 11 t|ii'\ ran I'l* uuu'hrtl i*i*nu nm ir a i l' hx npru- rasf nii'lhnils. In iinnv olln*r 'Ums, nu*lln**K ..i rsph.ila linn imi'si lavnialtlx smlril In " r nhrriiM l an I l n|in;f i a plm* a I mnditioir- air usually aMnptrM. This nltmi niisisls nl piarryimj nr hrm*hiuir hilKhlr Mrpnsiis m- h\ nprii-rut Pntrr S .1 sj'.h'sTns" s< i)(r>nltcr At*'; r*3is u i ,>Xr .Wi,'r. W&* f:MS8 m Ivru AVfcrtX r*;-v f=%At ffi .Ao<I.S Of wnlc r'l>n{ii x lmluw Mm Mil l';in' >| llm Ill sill'll C Ml-lc M! " Mm "|T K Usually hulsl.tl i fthc Sin* I tin* III lilt' mill It' I r | r ;i 11 v 111 ;||| ||||| M ) i' I I 111 Ml' !t\ /nf\1fis n| i 11* 1 i 11 * * I 'halls j I l.n*- I tin* m-lmiin^ ^ Almul Iimi iiimc-v m Tin* Shaham aira | r < 111 * * i u tt * Mian hall of lit-- tnial nl (In- u Tin- litlU .! this rmivrry is .* i * i it lI I'm- Ip llm IMoMt-sun ,V i i i t i .i J A siirs11.V I 'mpm .i I c 11 !Ymi l 11> ir mint's ;i in! m.nnl \ l In- . 1 I h*spera iiiliim I'liHin innsi < > M ? i n Ml I.iiumii imu-s m tin* tlislrn-l arc `in- Inlom-j ;*ml S.il*i Hill. . mli 11ii* ? il_* illiollt I''!) Mll'l l`H> litm p-l . 1111111111 |I`S|....t i \ i I \ Wlul."- A sliest ns Mini nlh*-r siimll'i j' r -' m **r . anl tln-ir pinias In till' tnl.'ll uf tmallx til.noil I (111 s I'loitl Mils ;iiv;t. (n llu' MmsIi.Mm tlisin.l y; non imu e eim i \ . > . .1 last vrar l>\ smiim- l\v.ui\ 111Yr n ( mini's. Un* m<<si im portalll of \\hhh an* Mallls Mini l\ 111 U s mu! l-nDi'il I*. 11 n ltlnw|rsi;i \ lirimral A xltfslu. (\>rp iMlmr well lim.uii producers an* Hn- IlSti Mini Mmml Mims <MmsIimi>m K In idr sia ii Aslifs'ti^ f.i.J i Mini llm Tcumraiie Mim-s Tin* Kilmarnock 'jnmp mi*- repn-se nird In 11 n I'rinr-s^ Parallel. Alpha Mini ShaMn Moms 1 In- I'.Im1 lord. !*"ss/ Kihre <nv, Mini U<-\ Mutes ;t i Mim'iiL' many nMmr smaller concerns. In tin* western c\li tisimi .i| iln- SIimIimiii lornialnm. m I hr 1 n `I i ll area. lln- m;im piedm-ms consist c,|' lln- Van jnard and tin* Hurmidia Tmnha Mums There am nllci SIMM lire prnpnsil mils Tim im\l u* ot>l pmilmunj aie.i is Moil at l-'ilainisi imar Uulnwayn. Tim pritnipa) prndimrjv jn-iv an- Tim (Yoff (All'iran Avixnios i, \Y\nims ilhnmninn HastMelalsl mnl llm \nrnia Mims. besides m lew smaller emi rrrns. Almul si\ eMmr nmi)>.mn's an' opera lm*j in lln1 Kulnwiiyn disirmi un llm (iwamla ami Shamjam *.rrpru linr bodies, lull these as yrl mi*- only small prut I imm-s. Tim mam nmm in llm 1 mma'j uiuli area is llm KlSml .Mint* which has Imm in i-MsIcuri- I'nr sonm Iiiiic M illmir operations aj al) |lmsc mnms \ . 11 y < c11 s iI i ahly ilrspilr tin* application of llm jcncral lasic nlea ->l mill flcsiun. t h-nrinally. niillinu' priccliiiv InlNiw'il ('anatlian practice, where llm lirsi millet! aslmslns w;is lUttjc io \siu;srns' .v`t'|i/ri)t /i< r flM/I