Document YJZjGpd6zw12j0woxJpZvd98

i- 3 ir i r* t 1 r i T 1I l [' I i: ri 1 i. [ 1 BUILT-UP ROOFING | SPECIFICATIONS i MANUAL 1966 1 1 FOR ARCHITECTS, ENGINEERS & CONTRACTORS t I r SC-BE-05485 M X FILEN0.12-B CS I FILE HO. 7 KOPPERS Coal Tar built-up roofing Koppers coal tar built-up roofing provides one of the most durable roofing membranes known. The advantages are found in the in herent superior characteristics of coal tar pitch, the only timeproven waterproofing material for low-aiope roofs. Coal tar pitch has a natural resistance to water, and even air and water vapor penetration. A tight molecular structure enables coal tar pitch to permanently withstand water penetration and further prevents oxidation of the roof surface. Koppers watercooled roof specifications take advantage of the unique waterresistant characteristics of coal tar pitch to give you mainte nance-free roofing. Another unique feature of Koppen coal tar roofing is its permanent self-healing ability. Alligatoring and hairline cracks common to most materials, even tually cause damage to the roof ing membranes. Coal tar pitch has a property known as "coldflow," which automatically cor rects these conditions before seri ous damage fakes place. This "cold-flow" feature even heals small mechanical fractures at normal temperatures, stopping trouble before it starts. When you specify a Koppers coal tar roof, you are assuring your building owner-client of long-term roof performance at no extra cost. And you'll be covering your building with nature's finest protective material. 2 INDEX Slope Bond Deck Years GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Type of Surface No. of Plies Spec. No. Page No. FLAT DECKS Wood Plank, Plywood Up to 2" 20 Gravel or Slag Up to 2' 15 Gravel or Slag Up to 2* 10 Gravel or Slag 5 4 3 Wood Fiber Up to 1* 20 Gravel or Slag Up to 1* 15 Gravel or Slag 4 3 Poured Concrete, Poured Gypaum Up to 2' 20 Gravel or Slag Up to 2* 15 Gravel or Slag 4 3 Precast Concrete Up to 2' 20 Gravel or Slag Up to 2' 15 Gravel or Slag 4 3 Prscaet Gypeum, Poured Gypeum, Gypeum Metal Bound Plank Up to 2* 20 Gravel or Slag Up to V 15 Gravel or Slag 5 4 Metal with Insulation Up to 2' 20 Gravel or Slag Up to 2' 15 Gravel or Slag 4 3 Promenade Tile over Poured Concrete Up to 1* 10 Promenade Tile 5 Water Cooled over Poured Up to 1' 20 Gravel dr Slag Concrete, Poured Gypsum, Up to V 15 Gravel or Slag or Prscsst Concrete Slsb 4 3 16 26 30 6 27 7 28 7 5a 7a 10 9 11 9 12 10 13 10 17 11 18 11 20 12 23 13 24 13 STEEP DECKS Aggregate Surface Wood, Poured or Precast Gypsum, Gypsum Metal Bound Plank 2'-3' 2*-3* 20 Gravel or Slag 15 Gravel or Slag 5 300-A 4 2500-A Poured and Precast Concrete, and Metal with Insulation 2'-3* 2'-3' 20 Gravel or Slag 15 Gravel or Slag 4 800-A 3 3200-A Mineral Surface Wood 3'-9' 3'-9* 15 Mineral 10 Mineral 3 31-A 2 4-A Poured Concrete or Poured Gypsum 3'-9' 3'-90 15 Mineral 10 Mineral 3 33-A 2 9-A Precast Gypsum, Gypsum Metal Bound Plank, Precast Concrete 30-90 3'-9* 15 Mineral 10 Mineral 3 34-A 2 35-A Smooth Surface Wood, Poured or Precast Gypsum, Gypsum Steel Plank 2'-6 2'-6* 2'-6' 20 Smooth coated 15 Smooth coated 10 Smooth coated 4 3 3 3-A 25-A 40-A Poured and Precast Concrata, and Metal with Insulation 2'-6' 2"-6' 2'-6' 20 Smooth coated 15 Smooth coated 10 Smooth coated 4 3 3 8-A 32-A 41-A `See Koppers Supplemental Built-Up Roofing Specifications for bonding and details of Smooth Surfacad Staep Roofing. 14 14 14 IS IS 15 15 15 15 m * a FLASHING SPECIFICATIONS is INSULATION SPECIFICATIONS--with and without vapor barrier Oeck Construction Wood. Precast Gypsum, Gypsum Metal Bound Plank Humidity Conditions Normal High Humidity Spec. No. 200 201 Poured Concrete. Poured Gypsum and Precast Concrete Slabs Normal High Humidity 202 203 Metal High Humidity 204 RE-ROOFING - 20 21 21 21 21 22 FLASHING DETAILS _JLl For docks or insulations net covsrod in tnom specifications consult Koppars Supplo- menttl Built-Up Booting Specifications or your Koppers Representative. KOPPERS COMPANY, INC. r- KOPPERS slag or gravel surfaced roofs So Ko 4 Koppen Slag or Gravel Surfaced Roof consists of layer* of tarred felt cemented with pitch to form a continuous skin over the entire roof deck. The actual waterproofing scent is the pitch. The number of layers or "plies" of tarred felt required varies from 3 to 5 and depends on the type of deck and the lanfth of service desired. The number of plies used does not affect the impermeability of the roofinf, but a preater number does pro long its life. Either tiac or gravel provides a satisfactory surface. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS This contains roofing specifications and procedures which are based on the many years of Koppen experience and generally accepted good roofing practice. They are intended to provide the architect, engineer, general contractor and roofer with the proper information to plan and construct the beat built-up roof with the most time-proven materials available today. , .. The intent of these specifications is to provide a watertight roof. The quantities of materials shown are for estimating pur poses only. The specified number of plies of felt must be used. The methods of construction outlined in these specifications must be followed for bonded roofs unless modifications are al lowed by Koppers Company, Inc. The applicable following requirements are part of the de tailed specifications contained in the succeedingpagea For addi tional information, see Kopper* SuppUmtntal Specification*. KOPPERS ROOFING BONDS C ands on Koppers Roofing and Flashings are issuedby Koppers ompany, Inc., and its surety on roofs constructed according to loppers specifications and when applied by roofing contractors approved in writing by Koppers Company, Inc. The Koppers bond guarantees that, in accordance with the terms of the bond, Koppers will make repairs to the roof which are necessitated by ordinary wear and tear by the elements to keep that roof in watertight condition. Standard Koppers bonds are available for 10-, 15-. or 20-year terms as described in each individual specification in this memiai. A twenty-five (25) year bond is available for all stand ard twenty (20) year specifications when it is specified. Further details are available in Koppen current price bulletin. Koppen will issue its standard roofing bond for fiat roofing and will bond such steep roofing as required in conjunction with the flat roofing, provided the steep roofing does not exceed 50% of the roofing to be bonded, and provided all roofing is con structed in conformance With Koppen specifications. The Koppen bond is not available on roof* over private resi dences. It does not cover the installation or replacement of any decking, vapor barrier materials, insulation or metal work nor is it an effective instrument when abuse has caused damage to the roofing. The Koppen bond assures that standard proven specifica tions will be followed, quality materials will be used, a Koppen approved roofer will apply the roof and provides for inspection service. NOTE --(1) Koppers Company, Inc, will issue Roofing Bonds in such portions of the United States ss are covered by its inspection service. (2) Flashings can be bonded for periods up to but not exceeding the term for which the roofing Is bonded. ^DECKS t il decks ehell be iwtalld in accordance with the deck manucturer's specifications. They shall be properly graded to drain outlets and shall be clean, smooth, completely dry, rigid, and free of debris. Any deck defect shall be corrected before appli cation of roofing. In approving any deck as satisfactory to receive a Koppers roof, only the dock surface is accepted. It is the responsibility of the building designer and deck manufacturer to provide for expansion and contraction, for support of anticipated loads, and the selection of the dock material and construction details as related to their ability to contain bitumens. Koppers will not responsibility for bitumen seepage. The placing of conduits, bolt heads, etc., above the roof dock and below the roofing membrane is not recommended. On >WV such as wood fiber decks, poured gypsum, poured lTinietiTiy rieclrs or fills where insulation is specified, an affective approved vapor barrier should be used. Docks of questionable dryness should be checked prior to roofing application. A pint of ths bitumen which will be applied to the deck surface as the adhesive layer (coal tar pitch or steep asphalt) should bo heated to application temperature and Sured on a representative area of the deck. If the material urns or bubbles, the deck is not considered to be satisfactory for roofing. After it has cooled to ambient temperature, the coating should be tested for adhesion. If any portion of it can bo easily stripped clsan of ths dock, application should not bo permitted. All poured decks (except standard concrete and lightweight ineuleririg concrete) must have provisions for venting and dry- mg from the undoneria. Koppen will not accept insulating fills applied over a vapor barrier, invented metal decks, poured concrete or any typo of substrate which will not permit the fill to vent or dry from the underside. Low sloped tapered edge cants are recommended in conjunc tion with gravel stop# at roof perimeters. Low sloped cants art more desirable than excessive sloped cants which cannot be surfaced with gravel and sometimes present problems of felt slippift. All projections or openings in the deck shall have been com pleted prior to the application of roofing. TEMPORARY ROOFING A temporary roof should be applied to the deck prior to laying of any insulation or roofing until all danger of damage has been eliminated. Temporary roofing, applied for obvious reasons, should be removed after it has served its purpose and ths permanent roof ingtaliwL Consult your Koppen representative for recommended speci fications ovar various type decks for temporary roof construc tion. OLD STYLE PITCH Koppen Old Style Pitch is manufactured to meet the following standard specifications: Federal Specification R. P. 381 Type I ASTM D-450 Type A. Underwriters' Laborstons*. Inc. Old Style Pitch is available in metal containers, 450 to 500 lbs., and in bulk. The softening point of Koppen Old Style Pitch is 140*F155*F by ths Cube-in-Water method of test Pitch shall not be heated above 400*F and should not be main tained under heat for sustained periods. Advantages of Coal Tar Pitch for Flat Roofs Two important quastiona should be asked about any roofing to be applied on flat decks: 1. Can it resist prolonged contact with water without deteri orating? ' 2. Does it have the ability to heal itself automatically? Roofs built with Old Style Pitch and Approved Tarred Fait DO resist water and they DO heal themselves. 3 Resistance to Water Today, due to development* in put year*, construction methods and roof assembly design have changed and unless a roof is designed to be water cooled, drainage should be incorporated wherever possible. This will facilitate repairs when necessary, redix# the possibility of insulation becoming saturated and add a degree of protection for building contents. Prolonged contact with water, caused by poor drainage, low spots or settlement of tbs building, is a condition almost impos sible to avoid on low sloped roots. Service records of over SO years of coal tar pitch roofs with little or no attention prove the resistance of tar to water. Old Style Pitch is practically insoluble in water, none of its constituents having more than a slight water solubility. Koppers coal tar pitch roofing is water proof. The Self-Healing Property Weathering and rapid change* in atmospheric conditions can cause cracks in the top surfaces of some types of roofing. How ever the vital consideration is whether these cracks are per manent if they do appear. Old Style Pitch has a property tech nically known as "cold flow" and even at ordinary temperatures cracks in the surface heal themselves. This can clearly be seen in photomicrographs which show the sides of the cracks moving slowly together until complete fusion takes place and the pitch again forms a continuous layer. Old Style Pitch Roofs readily conform to slight irregularities in the dock and yet remain waterproof. The Extra-Heavy Top Pouring Additional protection is given a Koppers Roof by the extra top covering of roofing pitch which is poured on (not mopped). NOTE: Charts headed. "For Convenience in Estimating. Use These Materiel Quantities'' which are shown for each individ ual specification, show total approximate pitch quantities per 100 square feet Broken down, pitch quantities should be ap proximately 25 lbs. per layer with a top pouring of approxi mately 75 lbs. THE AGGREGATE SURFACE Into the extra-heavy top ppuring of pitch, slag or gravel shall be embedded. The slag or gravel acts as an armor coat to pro tect the membrane against hail driving rain, sleet snow, etc. Slag or gravel also provides weight against the lifting action of wind currents. Specified quantities must be adhered to and must be applied while the pitch is hot to insure embedment The top pouring of pitch with slag or gravel must be applied as soon as possible after the application of felt*. If a delay is anticipated, particularly in winter weather, a glaze coating of pitch is to be applied to protect the felts until the pourinx of pitch and slag or gravel is applied. Ideally, all work should be slagged or gravelled in and sill nacsasary flashing installed as work progresses. Koppers Company. Inc., will approve the use of slag or gravel meeting A.S.T.M. Specification >1863-64 which list* the fol lowing sieve size requirements: Slavs Size Total Passing, Percent ............................................. . 100 W & ............................................................. ............................................................. 4........................................................ 90-100 40-70 0-15 No. 8........................................................ 0- 5 In addition to sieve analysis requirements. A.S.T.M. 01863 64 stipulates the following physical requirements: Moisture, maximum, percent Crushed stone and gravel ................................ 0.5 Crushed roofing slag........................................ 5.0 Unit weight (loose), minimum, lb. per eu. ft........ 60 Dust, maximum, per cent.................................... 0.6 Hardness, maximum percentage passing a No. 6 (3.36 mm) sieve............................................... 20 A.S.T.M. Specification D1863-64 coven aggregates specified both for use in road construction and built-up roofing and should be commercially available throughout the country. 4 WOOD NAILING STRIPS All non-nailabl# decks require wood nailing strips at eaves, edges, walls, roof openings, etc., for proper securing of metal flanges and for decks which will have insulation installed. Nailers must be securely end firmly attached to the deck'c. through it to its supporting members. Nailers should be treated to preserve their condition and hence their nail retentive power for the expected life of the roofing. Roofing felts for all dacks having a slope of one (1) inch per foot or more must be back-nailed and therefore, non-nailsible decks must be furnished with wood nailers. CAULKING AND TAPING Whether joints of various precast deck materials are grouted or not, consideration should be given by the architect to caulk ing and taping of all joints. The application of flashing cement and fait strip approximately 8" wide will minimize the dele terious effscts on th* roofing membrane of movement, moisture transmission through an open joint, joints which are not level and possible bitumen seepage. Refer to page 7 for details of caulking and stripping. APPLICATION OF FELTS All roofing is to be built up in place with alternate moppings and layers of felt over the proper preliminary work as specified in this book under the several subheads for various types of deck construction and slope. Application is to be made by ex perienced workmen only and in the manner hereinafter de scribed. The finished roof is to consist of the number of plies and type of surfacing a* specified under the proper subhead in the specifications. Apply the roofing so that the direction of the flow of water is over and not against laps. Broom or press all plies of felt into the hot pitch and lay without wrinkles, buckles or kinks, so that the roof is frea from pockets or blisters. Each solid mopping shall completely cover the area to which it is applied. Overlap ends of all connecting pliaa of felt not lese than 10 End-stripping or taping of these laps is not permitted. Th* widths of felt are laid shingle fashion, not only becaur this method produces a stronger membrane but because it ah mslcse it possible to construct a roof of any desired number or plies in a single progressive operation. This is accomplished by varying th* widths of th* edge laps. Three-ply roofing, for ex ample, is achieved by Upping each ply approximately twothirds over the preceding ply; for 4 plies, a lap of approximately three-fourths the width is required. For treatment of felts at eaves, vertical surface#, cants and other projection#, refer to Flashing Specifications and Details in this manual. When beginning e membrane roofing installation, appropri ate width starting strips of felt shall be used at the starting point to achieve the specification ply build up at that point, so that successive plies laid shinglt fashion will produce the ply require ments. In ail cases the plie* of felt must be laid shingle fashion. Ap plication of felts in e method where two plie# are laid over two plie*. three plies over one ply. or any combination other than all plie* in shingle fashion will not be permitted at any time except aa may be specifically provided for in our printed speci fications. Koppers requires that all felts be backnailed when the slope of the deck is one (1) inch per foot or more. MATERIALS PROTECTION Roll roofing materials and insulation should be stored indoors if possible, otherwise it shall be protected by raised pUtforms and covered with suitable weatherproof protective coverings such as tarpaulins, plastic sheeting, etc. KOPPERS NO. 15 TARRED FELT Koppers Tarred Felts are sold in standard size rolls, 36 inches wide and containing 432 square feet, except when otherwise specified. Koppers Approved Tarred Felt, the highest grade of roofing and waterproofing felt and the grade used in Koppers Bonded Roofs, has a minimum weight of 131b*. per 100 squa' feet or an approximate minimum weight of 56 lb*, per roll. Koppers Approved Tarred Felt is manufactured to meet the following specifications: Federal Specification HH-R-596 Type I, Class 1 A.S.T.M. D-227 Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc. deck construction WOOD FIBER SLOPE Up to 1 in. per ft. ^JRFACE Aggregate Spec. No. 27-4 ply--20 year Spec. No. 28-3 ply-15 year Spec. No. 28--may be bonded for 10 years For convenience in estimating use these material quantities: MATERIALS per 100 sq. ft Koppers Steep Asphalt Coal Tar Pitch Base Sheet Tarred Felt Spec. No. 27 20 lbs. ISO lbs. 43 lbs. 45 lbs. Spec. No. 28 20 lbs. 125 lbs. 43 lbs. 30 lbs. AU decking nut be installed in triet kccordance with the particular deck manufacturer'! recommendations for installa tion. Deck material moat be protected during shipment. Job site storage and prior to roofing application. No planks which hare become structorally weakened due to moisture, fractures or ~ utilated edges may be used. All joints must be level and efersbly grouted full and level with plank surfaces as recom mended by the deck manufacturer. All planks must be well anchored to supporting members to resist movement in a fash ion recommended by the deck manufacturer. Any planks which bow or deflect or do not seat securely must be replaced. Re sponsibility for the selection of a particular type of wood fiber deck, its installation, provision for expansion and contraction, its suitability to Job requirements, and its ability to support anticipated loads in its environment rests with the designer and deck manufacturer. SPECIFICATIONS Select clause* a* required. Optional clauses in italic. Condition of Surface to Receive Roofing Do not apply roofing to any deck which is not reasonably level or free from excessive voids or projections or where deck sur face fibers are loose, spongy or separating. Deck must be clean of debris, cuttings, dirt ana other foreign matter. All end and side joints of deck planks, whether grouted or not. must be caulked and stripped. Apply a sufficient quantity of trowel-grade asphaltic plastic cement to continuously seal all joints. A bead of the cement shall protrude above the top of the joint but shall not be feathered out on the deck surface. AU joints shall then be covered with a 6' wide strip of No. IS As phalt Saturated Felt centered over the joint and adhered to the plastic cement Perimeter wood nailers must be installed and aU adjacent decking must fit close and leveL Wood nailers are necessary at all locations where anchoring of metal flanges etc., are required. Application of Roofing Materials ' st Install one ply of Hoppers coated base sheet with minimum it (4) inch side and six (6) inch end laps in a solid mopping . minimum 190*F softening point steep roofing asphalt. AU side and end laps ihsdl be continuously sealed the fuU width of the lap. ALTERNATE: At an alternate to mopping, lay one (1) ply of roein-tired sheathing paper lapped two (2) inches minimum and nail to hold in place. Then lay one (1) ply of Koppers coated base sheet lapped not less than four (4) inches and nail along center of lap not leu than nine (9) inches on center and thru the center of each sheet on eighteen (18) inch centers with mechanical clinching type fasteners as recommended by the Structural Wood Fiber Products Association or designer such as Simplex Tube-Lok nails. For bonded roofing applications, fasteners, other than TubeLok nolle, must be acceptable to Koppers. Fasteners shall be applied at the minimum rate of one (I) per square foot as rec ommended by the Structural Wood Fiber Products Association. 2nd. Solidly mop the entire surface with Old Style Pitch. 3rd. Spec. No. 27 Apply three (3) plies of Koppers Approved Tarred Felt, lap ping plies twenty-four and two-thirds (24-2/3) inches. 3rd. Spec. No. 28 Apply two (2) plies of Koppers Approved Tarred Felt, lapping pliee nineteen (19) inchee. Mop solidly between pUea with Old Style Pitch so that in no place shall felt touch felt 4th. Pour over the entire surface of the roofing membrane a uniform coating of approximately seventy-five (75) pounds of Old Style Pitch into which, while hot, embed not less than four hundred (400) pounds of gravel or three hundred (300) pounds of slag for each one hundred (100) square feet Insulation and Vapor Bantar 1. Insulation without vapor barrier. Install insulation in steep asphalt in conformance with 1st paragraph. Nailable insulation not exceeding one (1) inch thick may be installed using lJ/ inch Simplex Tube-Lok nails at aU four comers and at center of board. Installation of roofing over insulation shall be as per specification outlined above with baae sheet mopped soUdly to the insulation. 2. Insulation with vapor barrier. Install two (2) plies of No. 15 asphalt felt lapped nineteen (19) inchee in steep asphalt as per 1st paragraph of this specification. Both plies shaU be mopped solidly so that in no place shall felt touch felt Install insulation in solid mopping of steep asphalt Roofing over insu lation is to be in accordance with the details of the specifica tion above with base sheet mopped solidly to the insulation. General Requlrsmsnts on pagss 3 through 5 and Detailed Specifications on pages 20 through 28 are s part of these speci fications snd must be adhered to where applicable. deck construction POURED CONCRETE POURED GYPSUM (thoroughly dry) SLOPE Up to 2 in. per ft. SURFACE Aggregate Spec. No. 5--4 ply--20 year Spec. No. 7--3 ply--15 year For convenience In estimating use these material quantities: MATERIALS per 100 Sq. Ft Coal Ter PitchPoured Concrete Poured Gypsum Tsrred Felt Gravel or Slag Spec No. 5 175 lbs. 165 lbs. 60 lbs. 400 lbs. 300 lbs. Spsc. No. 7 150 lbs. 140 lbs. 45 lbs. 400 lbs. 300 lbs. Pound concrete decks sometimes cease tronble because the built-op roofing is laid before the deck is thoroughly dry-- sack as might happen when the general contractor is anxious to get the Building under cover end so urges the roofing con* tractor to begin work shortly after the deck has been poured. When thia happens the result is a blistered and backled mem brane or. Just as serious, insolation curia and makes an unsatis factory job.. The roofing contractor, backed by the architect, should insist on s thoroughly dry deck before beginning work. He should also see to it that the deck is free of loose sand, frosen scale and other foreign matter. Projections should be removed, low points filled with cement grout or other suitable material, and all cracks pointed np. A poured gypsum deck, especially, should be inspected for moisture content, the characteristic of this material being such that even after popring it quickly takes on a dry appear ance. The dryness, however, actually extendi only a little distance below the surface, the large mass of tho gypsum being very moist. Refer to General Beqairements on page 3, paragraph 5 under Docks. SPECIFICATIONS Select clautet at required. Optional clauses in italic. Condition of Surface to Receive Roofing Do not apply built-up roofing to any surface which is not reas onably smooth and free from projections or holes which might cause rupture of roofing membrane. Surfaces must be dry. Immediately before the application of the roofing, thoroughly clean the surface of dust and loose materials. Roof deck shall be properly graded to outlets. Decks with inclines of one (1) inch per foot or more shall permit nailing, or treated wooden nailing stripe must be in stalled prior to roofing. Nailing stripe should be placed not more than three (3) feet apart on center and be run parallel with the slope of the roof and not across it Application of Roofing Materials 1st (A) Over Routed Concrete: Mop deck completely with Old Style Pitch. (B) Over Rowed Gypsum: If poured gypsum is thorough, dry. strip-mop the deck with approximately 12-inch wide moppings of Old Style Pitch spaced approximately six (6) inches apart If poured gypsum deck is not thoroughly dry, roofing shall be applied according to Specification No. 12 for 20 yean or Specification No. 13 for 15 yean as listed on page 10 of thia manual. Applicable portions of Kopperi Supplemental Speci fication "Food Establishments" apply. 2nd. Spec. No. S Apply over the entire surface, four (4) plies of Koppert Ap proved Tarred Felt, lapping plies twenty-seven and one-half (27Vi) inches. Mop solidly between each 27Vs inch lap with Old Style Pitch to that in no place shall felt touch felt. 2nd. Spec. No. 7 Apply over the entire surface three (3) plies of Koppers Ap proved Tarred Felt, lapping plies twenty-four and two-thirds (24-2/3) inches. Mop solidly between each 24-2/3 inch lap with Old Style Pitch to that in no place shall felt touch felt. Where slope of deck is one (1) inch per foot or more and deck permits nailing, nail along beck or upper edge of each sheet on twenty-four (24) inch centers. Where deck does not permit nailing, nailing strips ere required and each sheet nailed along beck or upper edge at spacing* to assure penetration of nailers. 3rd. Pour over the entire surface of the roofing membrane a uniform coating of approximately seventy-five (75) pounds of Old Style Pitch, into which, while hot, not less than four hundred (400) pounds of navel or three hundred (300) pounds of slag for each one hundred (100) square feet (nsuletfcsfl and Vapor Barrier 1. Insulation without vapor barriar--See Specification No. 20 on page 21. ' 2. Insulation with vapor barrier--See Specification No. 201 foi poured gypsum or No. 203 for poured concrete on page 21. General Reqeirementa on pages 3 through 5 and Detailed Spec ifications on pares 20 through 29 are a part of thia specification and most be adhered to where applicable. A | dec* construction PRECAST CONCRETE SLOPE Up to 2 in. per ft. SURFACE Aggregate Spec. No. 10-4 ply--20 year Spec. No. 11--3 ply--15 year For convenience in estimating un thasa material quantities; MATERIALS per 100 Sq. Ft Coal Tar Pitch Tarred Fait Gravel OR Slag Spec. No. 10 165 lbs. 60 lbs. 40016s. OR 30016s. Spac. No. 11 14016S. 4516s. 40016s. OR 30016s. recast concrete slab decks should receive the same careful .crutiny recommended for poured concrete or gypsum decks, although as a rule the possibility of moisture being present due to insufficient drying time is not likely to be encountered. However, the contractor will often find one or more slabs rest ing unevenly which results in edges projecting above the sur face. This may have been due to poor workmanship in laying the slab and should be.corrected by resetting or leveling off. Where it is necessary to fill low areas, the use of cinder aggre gate is not permitted since this material traps air and mois ture, causing it to expand and crack when covered. The result is a badly blistered built-up roofing surface. All joints, whether grouted or not, should be caulked with trowel-grade asphaltic plastic cement. Sides and ends of slabs should be square. Slabs must rest firmly and evenly on supporting members. SPECIFICATIONS Select clause at required. Optional clauses in italic. Condition of Surface to Receive Roofing Do not apply built-up roofing to any surface which is not reas onably smooth and free from projections or holes which might cause rupture of the membrane. Surfaces must be dry. Immed iately before the application of the roofing, thoroughly clean the surface of dust and loose material. All joints between precast concrete slabs whether pouted or not shall be caulked with plastic cement which shall be applied so that the top surface is level with the deck. {Felt strips four (4) to six (6) inches wide may be set in the trowelling of cement for additional protection when so specified by the architect. Felt stripping in Sashing cement assists in leveling uneven joints and bridges the joint opening providing a better baae for the roofing materials.) Decks with inclines of one (1) inch per foot or more shall ;rmit nailing, or treated nailing strips must be set in the deck .ush with the surface. Where insulation is specified, nailing strips may be secured to the deck surface and shall be level with the surface of the insulation. These strips should be spaced not more than three (3) feet apart and placed up and down and not across the slope of the roof. Roof deck shall be prop erly graded to outlets. Application of Roofing Materials 1st. Each slab shall be spot or strip mopped with Old Style Pitch, keeping pitch mopping! back at least four (4) inches from all edges of each slab joint 2nd. Spec. No. 10 Apply over the entire surface four (4) plies of Koppers Ap proved Tarred Felt, lapping plies twenty-seven and one-half (27`A) inches. Mop solidly between each 27ft inch lap with Old Style Pitch to that in no place shall felt touch felt. 2nd. Spec. No, 11 Apply over the entire surface three (3) plies of Koppers Ap proved Tarred Felt, lapping plies twenty-four and two-thirds (24-2/3) inches. Mop solidly between the 24-2/3-inch lap with Old Style Pitch so that in no place shall felt touch felt. Where slope of deck is one (1) inch per foot or more and deck permits nailing, nail along back or upper edge of each sheet on twenty-four (24) inch center*. Where deck does not permit nailing, nailing stripe shall be installed and each sheet nailed along back or upper edge at spacings to assure penetration of nailers. 3rd. Pour over the entire surface of the roofing membrane a uniform coating of approximately seventy-five (75) pounds of Old Style Pitch, into which, while hot, embed not less than four hundred (400) pounds of gravel or three hundred (300) pounds of slag for each one hundred (100) square feet Insulation and Vapor Barrier 1. Insulation without vapor barrier--See Specification No. 202 on page 21. - 2. Insulation with vapor barrier-See Specification No. 203 on page 21. General Requirements on pages 3 through 5 and Detailed Spec ifications on pages 20 through 26 are a part of this specifica tion and must be adhered to where applicable. 9 STEEP ROOFS SLOPE 2 in. minimum--3 in. maximum SURFACE Aggregate Spec. No. 300A-5 ply-20 year See paragraphs A-l, B-l, C-l & D Spec. No. 2500A--4 ply--15 year See paragraphs A-l, B-1, C-2 & D deck construction: WOOD, PRECAST or POURED GYPSUM DECKS Spec. No. 800A--4 ply-20 year See paragraphs A-2, B-2, C-3 & O Spec. No. 3200A--3 ply--15 year See paragraphs A-2, B-2, C-4 & D PRECAST or POURED CONCRETE and METAL DECKS tsumating viusnutim MATERIALS Koppers Asphalt Primer (except on metal) Koppers No. 15 Asphalt Felt Koppers Steep Asphalt Roofing Gravel or Roofing Slag Spec. No. 300A (20 Year) Spec. No. 2500A (15 Year) 75 lbs. 125 lbs. 400 lbs. 300 lbs. 60 lbs. 100 lbs. 400 lbs. 300 Iba. Spec. NO.B00A (20 Year) 1 gal. 60 lbs. 150 lbs. 400 lbs. 300 lbs. Spec. No. 3200A (15 Year) 1 gal. 45 lbs. 125 lbs. 400 lbs. 300 lbs. SPECIFICATIONS Condition of Surface to Receive Roofing FOR WOOD DECKS: Same as described under Spec. No. X. FOR POUREORND PRECAST GYPSUM: Same as deecribedlmd* Spec. No. 12. FOR POURED AND PRECAST CONCRETE: Same a* described under Spec.-No. 5 and Spec. No. 10 respectively except that on decks not permitting nailing, treated welling strips should be spaced not more than twenty-four (24) inches apart FOR METAL DECKS: Same as described under Spec. No. 17 (For application of insulation see Spec. No. 17). The insulation must be a type that can retain nails and must be fastened securely to the deck by means of approved mechanical fasteners which shall be placed at each comer and at the center of each sheet of insulation. When more than one layer of insulation is applied fasteners shall be driven after top layer of insulation is applied. Application of Roofing Material* 1st A-l (Spec. No. 300A and Spec. No. 2500A) Over the entire surface lay two (2) plies of Koppers No. 15 Asphalt Felt. Lap each sheet nineteen (19) inches over preceding sheet Nail in place. A-2 (Spec. No. 900A and Spec. No. 3200A) Over Poured Concrete: Coat entire surface with Koppers Asphalt Primer. Over Precast Concrete: Hold asphalt primer back two (2) inches from all slab joints. 2nd B*1 (Spec. No. 300A and Spec No. 2S00A) Mop entire sur face with Koppers Steep Asphalt into which, while hot shall be applied the felts. ,, -2 (Spec No. a00A and Spec No. 3200A) Over Poured Concrete: Mem deck completely with Koppers Steep Asphalt Over Precast Concrete: Mop deck with Koppers Steep Asphalt holding back two (2) inches from all joints. Over Metal Decks: Mop insulation completely with Koppers Steep Asphalt 3rd C-l (Spec No. 300A) Over the entire surface lay three (3) Plies of Koppers No. 15 Asphalt Felt lapping each sheet twentyfour and two-thirds (24-2/3) inches over the preceding sheet. Mop the full width under each ply with Koppers Steep Asphalt and nail through fiat tin discs two (2) Iwrh-- from the upper edge on nine (9) inch centers. .. 6-2 (Spec No. 2300A) Over the entire surface lay two (2) plies of Koppers No. 15 Asphalt Felt lapping each sheet nine14 teen (19) inches over the preceding sheet Mop the full width undef each ply with Koppers Steep Asphalt and nail through fiat tin discs two (2) inches from the upper edge on nine (9) inch centers. C-3 (Spec No. 800A) Over the entire surface lay four (4) plies of Koppers No. 15 Asphalt Felt, lapping each sheet twentyseven and one-half (27V4) inches over the preceding sheet. Mop the full width solid under each sheet with Koppers Steep Asphalt and nail through flat tin discs on nine (9) inch centers. On precast concrete decks the first mopping is to be held back two (2) inches from all joints. C-4 (Spec No. 3200A) Over the entire surface lay three (3) plies of Koppers No. 15 Asphalt Felt, lapping each sheet twenty-four and two-thirds (24-2/3) inches over the preceding sheet. Mop the fpll width solid under each sheet with Koppers Steep Asphalt And nail through flat tin discs on nine (9) inch center. On precast concrete decks the first mopping is to be held back two (2) inches from all joints. 4th D Over the entire surface apply a uniform coating of Koppers Steep Asphalt into which, while hot, embed not less than 400 lbs. gravel or 300 lbs. of slag for each one hundred (100) square feet General Koppers Steep Asphalt shall not be heated above 475*F and shall not be applied to the roof at a temperature of less than 400* F. At junction of steep and flat roofing, the roofing on the fiat surface shall be carried up the inclined surface not less than twenty-four (24) inches before the steep roofing is applied. Application of steep roofing shall start at the point of junction witn the flat roof. NOTE: Koppers Company, Inc., will issue roofing bonds when roofing is applied according to Specifications Noe. 300A, 800A. 2500A, and 3200A, in accordance with General Requirement General Requireaients on pages 3 through 5 and Detailed Spec ifications on pages 2* through 2* are a part of this specification and must be adhered to where applicable. KOPPERS FLASHING SPECIFICATIONS Number 107 6. 7,8 106 6, 7, S 110 1, 2, 6. 7 Ntm *nr 108 3,6.7 101 4,6, 7.8 100 5,6.7 -- Metal Cap Composition Base Mineral Surface Metal Cap Composition Base Mineral Surface Metal Cap Asbestos Base Tar Coated Surface ClasaMlcatiea 20 year Type IS year Type 20 year or 15 year Type Metal Cap Reinforced Asbestos Base Asphalt Coated Surface 20 year Type Metal Cap Composition Base Mineral Surface Metal Cap Metal Baas Metal Surface 10 year Type Not Bonded Brief Daecrlptiea Asphalt primer 4 plies No. 15 asphalt fait 1 ply 90* Mineral surface All plies sat in steep asphalt or flashing cement Top nailed every 10* ox. maximum Metal cap and pointing Asphalt primer 3 plies No. 15 Asphalt felt 1 ply 90* Mineral surface All plias sat in steep asphalt or flashing cement Top nailed every 10* o.c. maximum Metal cap and pointing Concrete priming oil (coal-tar) " 2 plies No. 15 tarred fait 2 plias No. 15 tsrrad asbestos felt Ail plies sat In tar base cement Top nailed every 10* ox. maximum Heavy top coat of tar base cement Metal cap and pointing Asphalt primer 1 ply No. 15 asphalt asbestos fait 1 ply reinforced asphalt asbestos fait Both piles set in flashing cement Top nailed every 8* o.c. max. plus all and laps at top and Into cant above cant mid-point. Strip all end joint* Hesivy top coat of flashing cement Metal cap and pointing Asphalt primer 2 piles No. 15 asphalt felt 1 ply 90* Mineral surface All piles set In steep asphalt or flashing cement Top nailed every 10* ox. maximum Metal cap and pointing 2 piles No. 15 tarred felt Both plies set in solid troweling! of tar base cement Prior to setting metal base, coat vertical and horizontal of flashing with tar base cement Set metal base and nail flange 4* o.c. maximum 2 strips of No. 15 tarred fait over flange in coal tar pftcl Top pouring ef coal tar pitch and aggregate surfacing Mstal cap and pointing NOTISt 1. Thl* tpciflcat<on must ba used In conjunction with Koppers bonded water coofad roofs. 2. This opacification is recommended for usa with any coal tar pitch roof (pacification wtipra ponded or standing water will lay in contact with the flashing. _, 3. This (pacification may ba usad as an aitamata to Specification Nos. 107. 106 and 101 whan so (pacified by tno orebitoet. 4. A cant strip may ba used with this flashing construction. GENERAL Flashings must be installed at all intersections formed by vertical surfaces. Their importance cannot be stressed too strongly--the val ue of a good roof installa tion will be completely loot if inadequate or poorly installed flashings are employed. Koppers flashings arc an integral put of a Koppers roof. Designed for flexibility so that alight movements do not dislodge them and fastened securely to the wall, they give many years of service. Flashing is not only affected by expansion and con traction of the materiid itself, butalso by the expansion and contraction of the construction-tie which it is at tached. It is particularly important that the top edges of the flashing be protected by counter-flashing which will insure a diversion of the water away from any opening that might develop between flashing and wall. Flashing should be installed as roofing progresses. Metal counter flashing should be installed as flashing progresses. If a delay is anticipated, the top of the flash ing must be trowelled with flashing cement to prevent water from entering behind the flashing until the 16 counter flashing is installed. ' 1" All Koppers flashings except where indicated require a metal cap flashing to be inserted in the raggle imme diately upon completion of base flashing. The cap flash ing is to extend into the raggle not less than two (2) inches and is to have not less wan a four (4) inch exposed apron extending down over the base flashing. Com pletely fill the raggle with Koppers flashing cement. NOTE: 1. If bonded flashing is required, it must be installed in con junction with a Koppers bonded roof and can be bonded for standard periods up to but not greater than the period for which the roofing is bonded. ` 2. If a Koppers 25-year bonded roof is specified. Flashing Specification No. 110 shall be used in lieu of Flashing Specifica tion No. 107. 3. Koppers asphalt primer and asphalt flashing cement may ' substituted for primer and steep asphalt in Flashing Specific^ ^ tions No.'s 107,106 and 101. 4. Metal Cap flashings are not bondahle and are not included under any bond. 5. Metal work of any description used as flashing or a part of a flashing system is not bondahle and is not included under any flashing bond. Specification No. 110 20 & 15 year type (for water cooled roofs) METAL CAP COMPOSITION BASE (2+2) COATED SURFACE Application Cant strip* shall be installed at the angle between the roof deck and the parapet wall or any other similar perpendicular surfaces. , Extend plie* of roofing felts and pitch mopping* up all walls for a distance of two (2) inches above cant strip. . A raggie of not leaa than ten (10) inches above the roof deck is to be provided. Prime ail masonry walls from top of roofing felts to raggie with Kopper* Concrete Priming Oil (coal tar base). Allow to dry thoroughly. Set two plies of Koppers Approved Tarred Felt in troweling* of Kopper* tar base roof cement. Have plies extending from the bottom of the raggie: the first extending out onto the deck not leas than four inches from the bottom of the cant strip, ana the second, one inch beyond the first. Over this apply two layers of tar saturated asbestos felt similarly imbedded in Koppers Tar Baae Roof C~ement, eac.h .ply extend..ing onto the deck one inch beyond the preceding ply. Nail with one and one-half (IV4) inch barbed roofing nails through flat tin discs at upper edge approximately ten (10) inches o.c. (For brick or block construction, nail into vertical mortar joints. For concrete construction, nail to treated wood nailing strip# sst in flush with th# saxfsce.) .____ .- Frits are not to esaasd tn.fasrthejss lAAsriQlvyi hi length. Suds of connecting Strip* sr* to overlap three (8) twenty-four (24) inches wiAthllLpUes of felt s^alfbs'flxinly pressed into the trowelingsof Koppers Tar Base Roof Cement so that there will be no wrinkles in the finished surface. Coat the entire surface of the composition base flashings with a heavy troweling of Koppers Tar Baaa Roof Cemant ,, Install metal cap flashing. NOTC: This specification must bs'SsUawsd for fleeMntf-.ef 20 or 13 yssr term Koppws sendee wstsr peoipSraeri. ..* ' it may bo specified for uss oath any Keppara bonSW roof In llou of standard flashing specification who additional protection asalntt water laying In contact with flashing it anticipated except Specification No. 20. . Specification No. 108 20 year type (reinforced asbestos) : METAL CAP V ASBESTOS BASE (1+1) j_ COATED SURFACE Application 1. IfW eemtsd-a* witS Kppppn Finn** Cement. Metal Counter fleshinf Seel *S ee| af niiel with K.spen FUtiiinj Cement. i wtflKm ilnM n*aa < ei. - 1*. is -i,in f rL< am.Tmmmitwmmfmwm,Cm Frime Wei with Itsearn Aipiwit Fnmpr. Kppppm leafing Sait tabs seined .a Cent SVip end tip Wel et Inert 2 . Cent Strip te be mwened -mb OM Sfyie FitWi en Wet leeft. er Unseen Steen rifbeh Cmrt $4ny (WmS C.M Strip fpr w.w Oppfc) K--mw -- Extend plis* of roofing falts and pitch mopping* up all walls, parapets and curb# for a distance of two (2) inches above rant strip. A raggie not Isas than sight (8) inch** or mors than tarsivs (12) inch** above the roof deck is to b* provided, i .. Prime all mhsonry wails fsotn IBp of ro^ai^Mra to raggie with Koppers Asphalt Primer. Allow to dry thoroughly. ' In a uniform coating of Koppera Flashing Cemant, install on# (1) ply of Koppers No. 15 Asphalt saturated asbestos felt extending from the raggie to not less than four (4) inches from the bass of th* cant onto th* roof. On top of this apply a second uniform coat of Koppers Flashing Cemant into which embed on* (1) ply of Koppers reinforced asbestos base Aeebimg (reinforced fabric aide down). Nail with one ana one-half (lVi) ineh masonry roofing nails through flat tin discs along upper edge eight (8) inches o.c. merimuTn into mortar joints. For concrete construction, nail to treated wood nailing strEipnedsleatpins ffolursthhewittwhoth(e2)"Hpliets*swhaitlhl baenaiiii^iiMlSalathnaaniltthhzrnoaug5h)flianct htiensdaiwnde.staggered not less than twenty-four (34) inches. End laps of reinforced base shall be nailed ver tically a minimum of once into the wall at upper edge and once into the cant at a point not lower than the mid point of the cent. End lape of reinforced bese after nailing shall be covered with a strip of Koppers asbestos felt not leas than four (4) inches wide set in a coating of Koppers Flashing Cement. Coat entire surface of flashing with Koppers Flashing Cemant (including nail caps along top edge of flaehing ae well ae top edges of felts to seel at wall). Interply and top coatings shall be troweled uniformly, full height and continuously approximately one-eighth (Vs) inch thick. Plies must be laid in smoothly with no pockets, wrinkles or buckles. Install metal cap flashing. 18 Specification No. 101 10 year type METAL CAP COMPOSITION BASE MINERAL SURFACE 8a Ko r Application Extend plie* of roofing feltx and pitch mopping! up all walls, parapets and curbs for a distance of not leas than six (6) inches above the roof deck. A raggle of not leas than eight (8) inches above the roof deck is to be pro vided. Prime all masonry walls from top of roofing felts to raggle with Hoppers Asphalt Primer. Allow to dry thoroughly. Mop on with Hoppers Steep Roof ing Asphalt a strip of No. 15 Asphalt Felt extending from a height of not leas than eight (8) inches on the vertical surface to four (4) inches out on the roof deck. On top of this apply a second strip of Asphalt Felt with mopping! of hot steep asphalt, extending the roofing felt onto the roof deck one (1) inch beyond the preceding strip. Mop on with Hot Steep Roofing Asphalt a strip of 90-pound mineral surface roofing felt of sufficient width to extend from the raggle to the surface of the deck. Nail with one and one-half fl V4) inch barbed roofing nails through fiat tin discs at upper edge approximately ten (10) inches o.c. (For brick or block construction, nail into vertical mortar joints. For concrete construction, nail to treated wood nailing stripe set in flush with the surface.) Asphalt felts are not to exceed ten feet three inches (10^*) in length. Ends of connecting stripe are to overlap three inches and are to break at least twenty-four (24) Indies with end laps of underlying stripe. End laps shall be thoroughly mopped with steep amhalt The stnpe of Mineral Surfaced Roofing shall be cut from across the roll so that the ends of each strip shall have a two (2) inch selvage. The two (2) inch selvage shall be coated with Flashing Cement and shall be overlapped by the overlying sheet and be thoroughly pressed into place. Install metal cap NOTE: Cent strtp may be tpeoffltd for use wttfc tMa apwfflcatIon. ^Specification No. 100 Ail metal METAL CAP COMPOSITION UNDERLAYMENT METAL BASE METAL SURFACE For Wood and Precast Gypsum Decks: Extand first two (2) plies of dry roofing felt up vertical surfaces for a distance of not lees than four (4) inches and cut off the remaining plies at the angle of the roof deck. Felt Undertayment Felt reinforesment is required with all metal bees fleshing at walls, skylight curbs and at any other vertical surface above the roof level which is to be fiashad with matal baaa fiafhiny. Prior to installing the matalhase flashing, sat two (2) pliea of No. 15 tarred felt in solid troweling* of Hoppers tar baas cemant Pliae shall extend from the bottom of the raggle or not lass than a point six (6) inchas in height, down the vertical wall anaout on to the deck for a distance of not lees than four (4) inches end five (6) inches respectively. Coat the entire surface of the top ply with tar base cemant before installing the metal base flashing. End Ups of the two undsrUyment plies shall ha staggered and thoroughly sealed. Installation of Metal Bess and Counter Flashing A raggle of not lees then tan (10) inches above the roof deck is to be provided. The metal basa flashing shall extand up the vertical surface not less than tan (10) inches and onto the roof deck not lew than four (4) inches. Nail base flashing to the deck with one and one-half (1V4) inch barbed roofing nails, one (1) inch from outer edge of metal flange on four (4) inch center. For concrete deck, e nailing strip of treated wood snail be sat in the concrete flush with the surface. Over the part of the metal base fleshing extending onto the roof, apply two (2) strips of tarred felt with alternate moppings of roofing pitch. Metal cap flashing shall be installed immediately so ae to prevent seepage of water behind base flashing. Metal cap flaehing shall extand into the raggle not lew than.two (2) inches and shall have a four (4) inch exposed apron extending down over the top edge of metal base fleshing After the metal cap fla.hiwg has bean installed, com pletely fill the raggle groove with Hopper* flaehing cement Install metal cap flashing. NOTE: Mstal bees flashing requlrss fttt undertaymonts at ell woii wiglet, skylight cures ind other vsmcei surfaces before metal baas flashing is installed. 19 INSULATION SPECIFICATIONS with and without vapor barrier Genwal The following specification! for the installation of insulation are recommended so as to provide and insure the owner the maximum effect and life of the insulation. Should the manner of attachment as specified by the indi vidual insulation manufacturer conflict with the following, the insulation manufacturer's specification shall be followed. Koppers Company, Inc., Guarantee Bond Covering Built-Up Roofing and Flashing does not cover roof insulation nor will Koppers Company. Inc. be responsible for any damage caused by or the result of the use of insulation or its manner of attach ment to the substrata. Selection and use of insulations and vapor barriers rest with the designer of the complete system, however. Koppers reserves--. the right to accept or reject any materials-ueed m conjunction with a bonded roofing, membrane. Acceptance of materials or method of installation shall not' be construed as a guarantee. Applicable portions of General Requirements on pages 3 through 5 are a part of these specifications. Cut-offs may be installed, however, provided they are con structed to run in one direction continuously to vented edges and provided no section of the roofing is isolated or blocked from venting. 3. Nalls and Fastenen - Nails for use with insulation shall be of sufficient lengths to pass through the insulation and make a mnrimnm penetration into the deck without protruding through it (except for metal decks). If other varieties of fasteners such as clips or cleats are desired, they shall be aa recommended by the deck manufac turer, however. Koppers reserves the right to approve or reject these when used in conjunction with its bonded roofing. Ac " ceptance does not imply guaranty* Nails shall be galvanized and driven through minimum one (1) inch diameter sturdy gauge tin caps or shall be acceptable integral capped nails such as "Simplex" or equal. Approved mechanical fasteners should be used for securing insulation to metal dacks whan required. 1. Insulation The roofing insulation must be kept dry at all times and ba-etan approved type. All roof insulation shall be dry when installed. It should not be applied over anything but a completely dry substrate nor should'it be applied when subsequent traffic from roofing crews, other trades, and equipment may damage it. Broken or damaged sheets must not be used except sfter squaring and then only used as fill in pieces. If the deck slope is one (1) inch per foot or more the insula tion must be able to retain nails, or wood nailers must be in stalled perpendicular to the slope at each course of insulation. Provision for wood nailers in this fashion will provide both a surface for anchoring of roofing felts which shall be laid perpen dicular to the wood nailers as well aa an insulation stop. Spac ing of nailers must be such that the insulation fits snugfiy with the nailers but must not be force fitted. No more insulation shall be bud at any one time than can be protected by pitch and felt in case of sudden weather changes. Edges of insulation shall be brought closely together and shall not be forced into place. Where insulation joins vertical sur faces the insulation shall be cut in a neat manner allowing at least one-half (Vs) inch clearance. When more than one (1) layer of insulation is used, joints in each layer shall not coincide. All layers shall be parallel to preceding layers. 2. Vapor Barrier Vapor barriers are normally used where high humidity condi tions are to be expected inside the structure for various reasons. The desirability or necessity for a vapor barrier depends on many variables such as climatic condition!, soil conditions, building occupancy, etc. The proper design and specification of such vapor barrier, or the omission of such vapor barrier, thus becomes the sole responsibility of the designer or owner. Any subsequent failures, due to either the installation or lack of such installation, will not be Koppers responsibility. This will also apply if it appears desirable to install such vapor barrier to the underside of the entire roofing sssemhly. 8. Wood NaJiere Wood nailing stripe must be provided to form e solid retentive base for anchoring ail metal flashing aprons and flanges. Nailer* shall be the full and accurate thiclmew of the insulation used or exceed it by the dimension of a preformed tapered edge piece. Nailers shall extend not law than ona (1) inch beyond the apron or flange and must be anchored securely to the roof deck or roof deck supporting member directly thereunder. Nailers should be treated for preservation. Wood nailers, installed on or in non-nailable decks for slopes one (1) inch per foot or more or when insulation is required of a non-nailable type, shall be run in the direction perpendicular to the direction in which the felts are to be laid. 7. Cant Strips Cant strips are required at all places where the plane of the roof meets a vertical surface requiring flashing. Cant strips reduce what would otherwise be one sharp 90* bend at the flash ing and roofing juncture to two (2) 46* angles. Cant strips on wood decks shall be set on top of the insula tion and secured to the deck by nailing through the insulation or cut with a shoulder to accommodate the thickness of the insulation and attached directly to the deck. Cant strips normally are of wood or preformed fiber board. Cant strip* for poured gypsum or poured concrete decks may be formed by-a poured cant provided a shoulder is formed to accommodate the thickness of the insulation which will abut it However, a treated nailer may be installed in poured gypsum or to poured concrete decks to accommodate the insulation thickness to which a standard cant can be nailed securely. Cant strip* on steel deck installations must be anchored securely to a wood nailer which has been anchored securely to the steel deck or steel deck supporting member. Cant strips must be a minimum of 4" x 4" with a 45* sloped face. 8. Edge Strip* 3. Water Stops (Temporary Protection) Water stops consisting of two (2) plies of tarred felt and moppings of Old Style Pitch for fiat roofs or asphalt felt and as phalt for steep roofs extending onto the deck at least six (6) inches and four (4) inches on top of the insulation, shall be applied at the end of each day's work over exposed edges of insulation. Water stops shall be continuous and tight This temporary protective measure must be removed cleanly when work is resumed. 4. Cut-offs (Permanent Installation) Venting of roof insulation at wails, curbs, eaves, etc., is recom mended. Therefore, cut-offs should not be installed at edges of insulation adjoining these areas for venting purposes. Tapered edge strip* of fiberboard with a incline of 2" slope designed for perimeter use to contain water are recom mended. They shall be placed on top of tha insulation and abut a wood nailer shoulder which has been constructed to accom modate the thieknew of the insulation plus the thickness of the tapered edge strip. 9. Lightweight Insulating Fin* Application of a Koppers Bonded Roof ovqr.these types of fill' varies according to the characteristics of the fill ana the cond tion under which the roofing material is to be applied. Consult. Koppers Supplemental Specifications or contact your Koppers representative for roofing specifications over the type of insu lating fill to be used. A Koppers representative must inspect and approve the condition of the lightweight fill before roofing is applied. In general. a lightweight inr.l.Hr.f fill most be able to vent itself and thereby dry. otherwise serious effects to the roofing membrane will result Koppen will not accept a vapor barrier beneath a lightweight fill nor a fill over a type of substrate that will not permit aaequate venting from below such as poured concrete, (invented metal decks, etc. Provisions should bo made wherever posaible to provide addi.ional venting such as notched wood perimeter nailers, etc., in conjunction with the venting from the underside of the deck. If board type insulation is to be applied over a lightweight fill, a vapor barrier is naceMAiy batwaan the fill and the board insulation to pravant fill moisture from affecting the insulation and roofing. la Additional Information Koppen will not bond its roofing over insulations such as Foam- glass Fibergias when miling of the insulation or falta over the insulation is required. On wood docks with inclines under one (1) inch per foot, use Specification No. 201 whan inatailing these insulations. .. For information concerning those and other insulations, con sult Koppers Supplemental Specifications. NOTE: 1. Insulations to comply with Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc., Class A, B or C roof coverings must bo listed under Under writers' Laboratories Guide No. 360 018 of thair Building Ma terials List For metal deck roofs, insulation must also be listed under their Guide No. 360 R 13.13. i 2. Methods of i--telling iwnietimi are discussed in Koppen Supplemental Specifications. INSULATION SPECIFICATION NO. 200 (Nwmsl CenSMms-wMMUt vaasr Venter)____ WnS PrscsstOyseum-MetslieunSarse-- nenk Application of Insulation The roof deck shall be covered with one (I) layer of approved roein-sized sheathing paper weighing approximately five (5) pounds per one hundred (100) square feet Sheathing paper shall be lapped two (2) inches and secured to the deck by nailing. Over Precast Gypsum and Gypsum Metal Bound Plank Decks - sheathing paper may be omitted. On decks having inclines up to two (2) inches per foot, each iheet of insulation shall be secured to the deck by nail* at each of the four corners and on inclines exceeding two (2) inches per foot additional nails are to be spaced one (1) foot apart and stagger-nailed through the longitudinal center of each sheet All nails shall penetrate the deck at least three-fourths (%) inch. Nailing of two layers of insulation shall be through the second or top layer only. ' Application of Roofing Above Insulation If more then one layer of insulation is installed and joints broken, or if ship-lap type is used, roofing above insulation shall be constructed according to Koppen Specifications Nos. 5,7,8-A, 9,32-A, 33,41-A, 800-A or 3200-A, depending uponthe slope of the roof. If only one layer of insulation is installed, or if ahip-lap type is not used, the roofing shall be applied according to Koppen Specifications Nos. 1. 2, 3-A, 4, 2o-A, 30, 31, 40-A, 300-A or 2500-A on wood decks, with the exception that the red rosin paper may be omitted provided it has Dean installed below the insulation. INSULATION & VAPOR BARRIER SPECIFICATION NO. 201 (Humidity ComWtans-wttti vaeer Senter) Weed--Peered or Preceet Qypeum--Metel Seoded S--ee Plaefc Application of Membrane Below Insulation 1. The wood roof deck shall be covered with one (1) layer of approved roein-sized sheathing paper weighing approximately five (5) pounds per one hundred (100) square feet The sheath ing paper shall be lapped two (2) inches and secured to the deck by occasional nailing. On poured, precast gypsum or gypsum metal bound plank, sheathing paper may be omitted, if joints are not tongue and grooved, they shall be stripped with felt and plastic cement 2. Two full thicknesses of Tarred Felt shall be laid over the ntire surface, lapping each sheet nineteen (19) "**-- over . the preceding sheet and neiling the sheets in place. On decks having inclines two (2) inches to six (8) inches par foot use No. 16 Asphalt Felt 3. Follow (2) in Specification No. 203 for 2-ply vapor barrier. 4. Extend all felts up vertical surfaces and cut off at height of insulation. 8e Application of Insulation 1. Mop the entire surface with a uniform coating of Old Style fitch into which, while hot firmly embed the insulation. When roofs have an incline of from two (2) inches to six (6) inches per foot use Steep Roofing Asphalt 2. On decks having inclines two (2) to six (6) inches per foot each sheet of inaulation shall be secured to the deck by nails at each of the four comers, and on inclines exceeding six (6) inches per foot nails are to be spaced one (1) foot apart long edges and stagger-nailed through the longitudinal center of each sheet All nails shall penetrate the deck at least threefourths (*/4) inch. Nailing of two layers of insulation shall be through the second or top layer only. When insulation is laid in tiro layers, mop tha entire surface of tha first layer with Old Stole Fitch on net roofs and Steep Asphalt on steep roofs into which, while hot embed the second layer of insulation. (This is optional as layers may be clipped together with mechanical fasteners.) Application of Roofing Above Insulation Roofing shall be applied according to Koppers Specifications Nos. 5. 7, 8-A, 9, 32-A, 33, 41-A, SOO-A or 3200-A, depending upon the slope of the roof. Ko INSULATION SPECIFICATION NO. 202 fNemwl Caisniena eNQuutvepw Venter) Peerml Ceucists . Puts Oypaaa-Ptesoet Cswswts FOR FLAT DECKS Appacraon of irauwDon 1. Apply a uniform coating of Old Style Pitch to the deck. If precast concrete slab or tue deck, strip mop with Old Style Fitch up to four (4) inches from the edge of each joint While the pitch is hot immediately embed tha insulation. 2. If there are two (2) layers of insulation, mop the entire first layer with Old Style Pitch into which, while hot embed the second layer of insulation. FOR STEER DECKS (Indite 2 to 6 inches per foot) Application of Insulation 1. Apply a uniform coating of Steep Roofing Asphalt to the deck into which, while hot embed the inaulation. On precast tile or slab deck, strip mop with Steep Roofing Asphalt up to four (4) inches from the edge of each joint 2. If there are two (2) layers of insulation, the entire first layer shall be' cootad with Steep Roofing Asphalt into which, while hot embed tha second layer of insulation. Each sheet of insulation shall be secured in place by nailing. If two (2) layers of insulation are used nailing shall be through the top layer only. Nails shall be spaced one (1) foot apart and shall pene trate the deck at least three-quarters (%) of an inch and shall be spaced along the edge and stagger-nailed through the longi tudinal center of each iheet of inaulation. When the deck will not permit nailing (which necessitates nailing stripe), insulation shall be secured to each nailing strip with nails spaced approximately one (1) foot apart. Application of Roofing Abova Insulation The roofing shall be applied according to Koppers Company, Inc. Specifications Nos. 5, 7, 8-A. 9. 20. 23, 24. 32-A, 33, 41-A, 800-A or 3200-A, depending upon the slope of the roof. INSULATION & VAPOR BARRIER SPECIFICATION NO. 203 (PntwuTnwBmCtjMcran--frictst CvwiRMwittekH^rT^reoestj Application of Membrana Mow Insulation 1. Apply a uniform coating of Old Style Pitch to the deck. On precast concrete slab or tala deck, strip mop with Old Style Pitch up to four (4) inches from the edge of each joint. 2. Lay over this entire surface two (2) full thicknesses of Koppers Approved Tarred Felt, lapping each sheet nineteen (19) inches over the preceding sheet--mopping with Old Style Pitch the foil nineteen (19) inches so that in no place shall felt touch felt 3. Extend all plies of felt up vertical surfaces and cut off at height of insulation. __ Application of Insulation Apply a uniform coating of Old Style Fitch over the entire sur face into which, while hot embed the insulation. If there are two (2) layers of insulation mop the entire surface of the first layer with Old Style Pitch into which, while hot embed the second layer of insulation. 21 Application of Roofing Above limitation The roof shall be applied according to Koppen Company. Inc.'s Specifications Noe. 5. 7. 20. 23 or 24. FOR STEER DECKS (Incline 2 to 6 inches per foot) Application of Membrane Below Insulation 1. Apply a uniform coating of Steep Roofing Asphalt to the deck. On precast concrete or tile, strip mop with Steep Asphalt up to four (4) inches from the edge of each joint 2. Lay over the entire surface two (2) full thicknesses of Koppers No. 15 Asphalt Felt at right angles to the incline of the roof tapping each sheet nineteen (19) inches over the pre ceding sheet Each sheet shall be nailed with one (1) inch barbed roofing nails through flat tin discs eight (8) inches from the upper edge and nails shall be spaced not more than one (1) foot apart Where nailing stripe are used the felt shall be nailed with two (2) nails through flat tin discs at each nailing strip placed six (6) inches and eight (8) inches respectively from the upper edge of each sheet 3. Extend all plies of felt up vertical surfaces and cut off at height of insulation. Application of Insulation Apply a uniform coating of Steep Roofing Asphalt over the entire surface into which, while hot embed the insulation. Each sheet of insulation shall be secured in place by nailing. Nails shall be spaced approximately one (1) foot apart and shall penetrate the deck at least thiee-fourths (Yt) of an inch and shall be placed along edge and stagger-nailed through the longi tudinal center of each sheet of insulation. When the deck will not permit nailing (which necessitates providing nailing strips). insulation shall be secured to each nailing strip with nails spaced approximately one (1) foot apart Nailing of two layers of insulation shall be through the top layer only. Application of Roofing Above Insulation The roofing shall be applied according to Koppers Company, Inc.'s Specifications Nos. S-A, 32-A, 41-A. 800-A or 3200-A, depending upon the slope of the roof. INSULATION & VAPOR BARRIER SPECIFICATION NO. 204 (Humidity CenSIUsns--r*M riser heftier) Metal Decking NOTE: Koppers Company. Inc., will not bond roofing over metal decks unless the metal deck is insulated with approved type insulation and thickness. Refer to Koppen Supplemental Spec ifications. Application of Membrane Below Insulation A. Felt Type Coat the ribs of the metal deck with Steep Asphalt and then install two (2) full thicknesses of Koppers No. 15 Asphalt Felt, lapping each sheet nineteen (19) inches over the preced ing sheet, mopping with Steep Asphalt the full width of the nineteen (19) mch lap. Extend ail felt up vertical surfaces and cutoff at height of insulation. B. Vinyl Type Fire resistant adhesive and vinyl-type vapor barrier as listed by and applied as specified by Underwriters' Laboratories. Inc.. and Factory Mutual may be used. Adequate adhesion of the vapor barrier to the deck and adhesion of the insulation to the vapor barrier for securing the entire system against wind up lift and movement, must be attained. NOTE: Z. Care must be exercised so that the vapor barrier is not ruptured during installation, particularly in areas over the flutes of the steel deck. NOTE: 2. Vapor barrier method A. above is not rated by U.L. or F.M. for insurance purposes. Application of Insulation A. Felt Type _ Apply a continuous, uniform coating of Steep"*Asphalt into which, while hot, embed the insulation. B. Vinyl Type Apply approved adhesive over approved vapor barrier in rib bons at rate specified by U.L. and F.M. and place insulation. NOTE: When more than one (1) layer of insulation is applied, the top surface of each layer shall be coated with Steep Asphalt into which, while hot. embed the succeeding layer. When the incline of the roof is one (I) inch per foot or more, the insulation shall be secured to the deck through the top layer with the proper devices which are in accordance with recommended procedure* of the deck and insulation manufac turer. Application of Roofing Above Insulation The roofing shall be applied according to Koppen Company. Inc.'s Specifications Noe. 8-A, 17, 18. 32-A, 41-A, 800-A or 3200-A. depending upon the slope of the roof. RE-ROOFING SPECIFICATIONS Due to varying conditions of the roof deck and surface of the old roofing, it will be necessary for a representative of Koppen Company. Inc., to approve the type of specifications for re-roof ing if a Koppen Roofing Bond is to be issued. No bond will be issued without prior approval from Koppen. Moisture trapped within an old roofing system will seriously and quickly affect a new membrane. No bond will be issued over any old insulated roof regard* less of condition unless old roofing and insulation are removed to the deck prior to application of new roofing materials. No exception to this requirement will be permitted unless explicit permission is obtained from the Technical Department of Koppers Company. Inc.. Tar & Chemical Division. In general, we recommend the following practice and spec ifications for re-roofing work. NOTE: Koppers Company, Iae^ Guarantee Bond does not cover roof insulation or failure of roof deck. The application of a Koppers Bonded Roof over an old roof shall not eonstitnte a waiver of these conditions. 1. Original deck must be checked to determine that it is structurally sound, smooth and in a condition to perform satis factorily for the term expected of the new roofing membrane. If it is not, provisions must first be made to accomplish this vital requirement 2. All wood nailers, metal flashings, drains and flanges, sign supports, fiag poles, etc., must be checked to determine their structural soundness and anchorage, again, to insure they will perform for the term expected of the new roofing membrane. If unsatisfactory or questionable, they must be replaced. 3. Assuming there is no insulation involved, the existing roofing membrane must be checked thoroughly. a. If it has disintegrated to the extent that it has little value or that its adherence to the deck is questionable (possible blowoff or uplift damage), then ail of the oid roofing membrane must be removed. b. If items one (1) and two (2) above are considered satis factory, and the existing membrane can be made smooth and clean, it will not be necessary to remove the existing membrane. 22 c. On old roofing, repair ail buckles and blisters by cutting open, remopping, and applying 2 pile* of felt before new roofing is installed according to re-roofing specifications. Before the application of new roofing, the surface of old roofing shall be made smooth and clean. In places where surface is slightly rough, apply a flood coat of Coal Tar Pitch (for pitch roofs). Asphalt (tor asphalt roofs) may be applied to level the surface. When such procedure does not provide a suitable base for new roofing, install insulation in steep asphalt, over asphalt roofs or pitch, over pitch roofs, d. Application of new roofing Over Tarred Felt and Pitch Roofing New roofing shall be applied according to Koppen Specifica tions for over poured concrete decks with the exception that on wood decks. 2 plies of dry felt shall be applied at ail places where there is a possibility of pitch seepage through the deck before the application of new built-up roofing. Over Asphalt Roofing on Decks Where Nailing Is Possible Roofing shall be applied according to Koppen wood deck specifications with the exception that the approved rosin-sized paper may be eliminated. If insulation is installed, apply roof ing according to Koppen Specifications for over poured con crete decks, setting insulation in asphalt Over Asphalt Roofing on Docks Where Nailing Is Not Possible Roofing shall be applied according to Koppen concrete dec! specifications with the exception that each bottom sheet of fel snail be strip mopped to the old roofing, and these strip moppings shall be not lem than 6 inches apart If new insulation is applied, set in mopping of asphalt to old roofing. Application of New Flashing All old built-up flashing must be removed and new built-up composition flashing installed according to Koppen Specifica tions. FLASHING DETAILS (continued) Future Columns, Sign Supports and Angle Irons At all location* where future column*. sign supports and angle Fill metal pan with hot coal-tar pitch or flashing cement irons are to penetrate built-up roofing, pitch pockets should be Paint exposed sections of all reinforcing rods with dampproof provided with a flanged metal pan. ing paint The sheet metal flange must be cemented to the surface of the As an alternate to the installation of pitch pockets wooden felt with hot coal-tar pitch or flashing cement Over the flange curbed base units with cant strip* can be installed to accept a apply, with alternate moppings. two (2) reinforcing plies of standard built-up composition-base flashing. Intricate metal tarred felt so that the first extends not leas than three (3) inches cap flashings for this unit must be fabricated and continuously beyond the outer edge of the flange and the second not leas than welded to the projection to assure a watertight metal cap. six (6) inches. Exposed surface of all stub column projections must be pro tected with 3 plies of tarred roofing felt cemented on with a trowel application of Flashing Cement Felt is to be carried out onto the surface of the roofing felts so that the first extends not less than three (3) inches, the second not less than four (4) inches, and the third not less than five (5) inches. Trowel over the entire surface of felts just applied, one (1) coat of Flashing Cement All stub column projections must have a metal box flashing with flange furnished and installed over the cemented felts. The flange of the metal box flashing must be cemented to surface of the roofing felts with a mopping of hot coal tar pitch. Over the flange apply with alternate moppings. two (2) rein forcing plies of tarred felt so that the first extends not less than three (3) inches beyond the outer edge of the flange and the second not less than six (6) inches. Roof Opening Skylight Roofing Membrane Ventilator Curb* extending S inches to 12 inches above roof surface shall be provided at all openings for skylights, ventilators, expansion joints, etc., to provide for in stallation of adequate base flashing. Flashing Nailed 10" O.C. Base Flashing Material Flashing Membrane Coal Tar Pitch and Aggregate Wood Cant 4" x 4" 24 F t 15 FLASHING DETAILS (continued) EDGE DETAILS Tapered Cant NnlimdriMWfMiMii! ffete md 3" *#ert w ftwtsd Tsptr*^ C*t hUx. Nidi# 2* ptrfM* Rat and Steep Junction Fek & 1* t| Cs*J Ter PMb earf AffMysM mofi iu tj'm Sat*. T3* *r Typ. ; \7////t%jzxsxvy/ i Fearer UfadNill* Raised Edge Hanging Gutter NOTE: For Mushroom Vnt details, set page 26 and refer to Koppert Supplemental Specifications. 25