Document YGrEgvb1OaLrdxoYpVvLQjVKO

Z^j r1S0001 .,S T~4.-.trljl Hygiene Digest of Candida albicans than the tale. Tht anhancad fibrogenlelty hat baan attributed to tha ad juvant activity of kaolin with polysaccharide giucan coaponent-of Candida. --Author*' abstract i226.'?l Tha Bloloclcal Effects of Mlnaral fibres. J.ti.C. Davis. Ann. Occup. Hvg. 24: (2). 227-234, 1981. 29 rafs. Tha history of asbastos-ralatad disease and tha results of research into tha ways in which asbestos fibres are able to damage tissue are reviewed. Although crocidollte has been ac cepted as constituting a particularly great hazard and is subject to a more stringent hygier.e standard that has effectively terminated its use in the I'.K., experlaental studies on animals have not proved it to be Bore carcino genic than chrvsotlle. It is possible that rats react differently froa hunans, but Bore likely possibilities are that in past industrial usage crocidcllte produced higher dust concentrations than ancslta or chrysotlle and that chrysocila is less durable than crocidollte in the lungs over the 10-20 yr that tuaour induction takas in can. Other mineral fibres, both natural and nan-cade, have come under studv and there is some evidence froa laboratory experiments that they -ay produce similar effects to asbestos if of comrzrable size. The position for nan-made insulation fibres appears relatively good and the results of studies of hunan populations exposed to glass fibre have so far been negative. While r.ot all cincral fibres say constitute s health hatard if used industrially, there is enough evidence of potential hare to Indicate that ail r.ew t-pes of fibre should be subjected to careful tc.-iing. --Autnors* abstract reprinted by permission 122*. cl Asbestos Related ''ulconarv liscriers in Jur-.:n. 1. -bihara. J. Science dab. 57: 361-396. Aug. 1961. 101 refs. (Japanese) In this study, chest radiographs of 11,000 persons over 65 yr. old were examined before collating with the life history of each person, and aftvr evaluation of sach radiograph, the life history--especially past asbestos exposure-' was cc.iatcd with the radlcgraphical finding!, however, exposure to, or contact with asbestos was ascertained in each case with pleural plague. These results seen to suggest that the ciagnrstic standard for pleural plaque adopted in this study was reasonable and acceptable. It was noteworthy that pleural plaques ware fre quently confined by oblique radiography, even in those whose poscerio-arterlc X*ray film svesed n- be normal. As aany other researchers, the author is also of the opinion that pleural piuqavi. war. occur with lov-dost or short-ten isbertos vxpueure. Moreover. i; should be ;r,c tnat rnuiBu cnii'tU .ung change, in.. -,M-ctPxl. can occur lung-tores after Vnvenher IPS' low-dose or short-tern asbestos exposure. Ventilatory impairments were frequently noted among old persona, who had a history of occupa tional asbestos exposure, even if they had no asbestotic pleural changes. Restrictive venti latory changes have been considered to be the most important respiratory impairment due to asbestos exposure; however, it should be em phasized that obstructive changes and enphvse- ~ natous functional changes can frequently occur many years sftsr asbestos exposures. Restric tive and obstructive ventilatory impairment was more prevalent and more serious among persons with pleural plaques than those without these changes. Even sc present, asbestos-related respiratory disorders are frequently observed among old persons living in the metropolitan araa. When we take account of the fact that the Import of asbestos rapidly increased since 1960. asbestos health hazards must hereafter spread more widely and become more serious in the metropolitan araa. --Author's abstract in English 1228/81 Asbestos Concentrations in Public Buildings -- a Preliminary Raport. J.M. LeCuen and C-. burdett. Ann. Occup. Hvg. 24: 185-189, 1981. 6 refa. Airborne asbestos concentrations were measured bv s variety of sampling and analytical tech niques, in 4 schools, 2 other educational establlshmenta, 5 houses, a theatre and a television studio, in all of which asbestoscontaining construction materials had been use At some sices these materials had been damaged to expose viilble fibres, but in no case did airborne asbestos conecntrstions exceed lO'^g/rr roughly 0.022 of the occupational hygitne standard for chrysotlle, or 10"* g/=' in tha three cases where tha TEM was used. --Authors' abstract reprinted by permission 1229/El lun Instantaneous Time-Constant in Smokers and Non-smokers Exposed to Asbestos. F. Sulotco, et si. Med.Lavoro 72: 222-226, May/June 1981. IS refs. (Italian) Lung instantaneous time-constant has been cal culated from flow- volume curves of 4 srouos of subjects: 16 smoking asbestos workers, 18 non smoking asbestos workers. 14 non-exposed sub jects, 16 non-smoking non-exposed subjects. All the subjects had normal clinical findings and XRay PA films. Asbestos worktrs showed VC and FEVi q significantly lower than non-exposed. although the mean values for each group were within normal predlctad values. The Joint additive effect of asbestos and smoking as veil as the individual effects cf both were statis tically significant of MEF,j, even though all values were vlthin tha rxr.^c of ncmalirv. Among tnr paramiLLtu^^yMm^H^^^kconxtan: 21 DOW 06714