Document YDqEz48XyQXKrv0Jvxv4Gb1RO

BUSINESS CONFIDENTIAL kJ, REPORT j'/sVINYL CHLORIDE MONOMER CONTENT IN COATINGS FOR POTABLE WATER TANKS FEB 1 0 7978 R* w. lashes, 3-; - -- ;Uino AUTMOOV T. Ginsberg DATS: February 2, 1978 1- I -T IUF C. N. Merriam MOjKCT NO.t 321N26 Pitt NO.: 5006 RECEIVED ..-oil TEB 21-1978 - n R. N. WHEELER, JR. 7 f2. SUMMARY * TC'' Since mid-1977 there have been reports of restrictions ^ being placed on the usage of vinyl coatings for the interior of1^' potable water tanks in some states. The restrictions, originating in certain regulatory agencies, were said to be due to fear of vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) contamination of the water. ^ + ,,- -vC` * ci *-ivU .. +.X-X - C _ -1 ^ i.: ^ 20 ' '' "? " "Attempts' to'revert" those'restrictions' yielded a compro-^ mise fcy'whlch'Individual''' coatings' submltied'"to governmental' laboratories could be qualified. This unprecedented demand wotucr~ . ,t-V place an^ added * burden; to our customers ^"'already laden" with' regulffi-" *' tory paperwork) and would likely hurt our participation In 'thaV*'-, , 7 T7 market. ' Ae^aa&o x^njxDi insvsiq oj aj.avs^^H.gt.. Xi/lqXsrf *'^hree' elements* are* presented1 here* ^td*^emons"trate the.^3^^^ ' folly of those regulations: 1 c'` ' ' * TJ"" "" --*-**1 1) Recent work done by a Scandinavian researcher, demon strating theoretically and experimentally that no VCM is retained^ in vinyl coatings, even under .exaggerated conditions. ` Afilr iv ise*> Ja*li . .. f is- swjU1 eru stroo* *A unfavorable set' of circumstances' fend''disregarding point- D'resiffics in a theoVetTic^Voh'c^nVratTbn "of about`tf. 12 'parts' per trflYionv^? .apnuaoo k> pasxi ax Y^rsoitrus osirdaqaes yuan ,, j^3)^ ylnyl resins have been approved and used ^fpr years iri ' t contact wi'th"'ingestibles,'"without ^requiring individual'hoa ting ^ qualification. If vinyls are compounded with other 'approved materials, individual coating qualification for the use in question appears unwarranted7" -*r ax caiifsss-.t o.: ij. sxnj jsijr mrorta avart ShoiJsIiioXaD .e/rcfdvloa soil fcowaol *1 :PS `.i.;'1 i`-* b^,. ~-9wxt 'is suggested that appropriate 'union Carbide funcPloffs' utilize these facts to obtain a permanent'withdrawal of the yjSia restrictions^ ^ .. . V < . - v'< .. * *'*1"*"?-* ,.o`' ifsc* o'V :* .. . %J A" V * '^ a R**cli`nd Development Deportment I. OiemieoU and Plasties Union Corfcids Corporation Bound Bioolt, Now Jorooy ' UCC 029882 * l INTRODUCTION In mid-1977 it came to our attention, through Mr. W. Richter, Manager of Technical Service of the Mobil Chemical Corporation, that there were restrictions being placed upon the use of vinyl coatings in the interior of potable water tanks in the State of Virginia. The restrictions were reportedly originated at the regional office of the EPA. This information was relayed to Mr. R. J. Martell, who has responsibility for Maintenance Coatings liaison with governmental agencies. Negotiations by Mr. Martell with the regional EPA officers resulted in a compromise, whereby vinyl coatings would be allowed, if they were cleared by the EPA laboratory in Cincinnati. However, since EPA laboratories are not geared to handle such requests from the general public, individual paint manufacturers would have to request their state or municipal customer to in turn submit a request for testing and clearance from the EPA laboratory. Such roundabout procedure is certain to lead to interminable delays at best, and at worst an eventual terminal blow to the use of vinyls in this market. At the recent Annual Meeting of the Steel Structures Painting Council in Pittsburgh, we learned from representatives of the Pennsbury Coatings Co. that a similar ban is now in effect in the State of Delaware. Evidently, the news of the restriction in Virginia traveled faster than those of the compromised modifi cation. This incident should be a warning of the potential that exists for uncontrolled snowballing of misinformation. The situation is serious, and requires swift and determined action at high levels to prevent further damage. This report discusses some recent data which are helpful in clarifying the issues involved, hopefully leading to a more rational treatment of the subject. Article by C. M. Hansen At about the time that we first heard of the Virginia case, there was an important paper published in the respected Journal of the Oil and Colour Chemists' Association, published in England. The significance of this paper, a copy of which is included in this report, is enhanced by the fact that the author is an internationally respected authority in the field of coatings. The Summary of the article is so brief and precise that it is worth including it here: "There is no measurable retention of vinyl chloride in coatings formed from solutions. Calculations have shown that this is not anticipated and measurements in practical and exaggerated situations have demonstrated no measurable (<<lppm) retained vinyl chloride". UCC 029863 2 The paper, which is short and very readable, comprises two major portions: 1) A review of the author's earlier work on solvent evaporation from drying vinyl films, and 2) Application of the author's conclusion to the problem of VCM retention. It is important to realize that these two phases were conducted with different vinyl products. In the first phase, our VYHH was used, and the product is cited by name in several occasions. The second phase was carried out with a commercially available paint, made with a vinyl resin of undisclosed origin, having 16 ppm VCM. Because of the obvious linkage that the casual reader may see between VYHH and the resin in the commercial paint, Mr. Hansen was contacted for a clarification. The reply, shown in the attached letter, dispells any connection. At any rate, Mr. Hansen reports in the following sections the extremely important finding that no detectable VCM was encoun tered even in cases where the paint was seeded with 4,000 ppm VCM. In the subsequent conclusions, he states that: "The dry film will never contain significant amounts of VCM, because the relative volatility will be high regardless of the solvent used". Hypothetical VCM Concentration in a Water Tank Union Carbide vinyl resins are certified having less than 0.2 ppm vinyl chloride monomer. It is an interesting exercise to find out the effect that 0.2 ppm in the resin would have in a typical water tank situation. To that effect, we have selected arbitrarily Vinyl System No. 4 of the American Water Works Association, which is based on the Department of the Interior (Bureau of Reclamation) Specification VR-3. Union Carbide's starting Formula Suggestion to meet that Specification is VP-3010. For our calculations, we have taken the case of a onemillion gallon water sphere. The following assumptions have been made: 1) The tank is painted with AWWA System No. 4. 2) The paint formula used is VP-3010. 3) The vinyl resin contains 0.2 ppm VCM. 4) None of that VCM evaporates during drying. (This, of course, has been disproven by Hansen) 5) All the VCM contained in the vinyl resin migrates at once in a single filling of the tank. ucc 029864 3 Calculations; Volume of sphere: V = -4| irr 3 = 4.189r 3 1,000,000 gallons 133,690 ft. r- 690 ft.3 77T5T C 32 ft. Surface of sphere: S = 4irr2 = 12.57r2 - 12.57 x (32 ft.)2 2*13,000 ft.2 2 1-mil coverage of VP-3010 : approx. 330 ft. /gal. for 6 mils dry, coverage 2d. 55 ft.2/gal. for 13,000 ft.2, approx. 236 gals, of paint needed. Paint (VP-3010) has approx. 1.4 lb. vinyl resin per gallon. 236 gals, paint have ~>330 lb. 150kg. vinyl resin. If vinyl has 0.2 ppm VCM * 0.2 mg/Kg 150 Kg x 0.2 mg/Kg - 30 mg. VCM 1,000,000 gals. = 8,330,000 lbs. water Orf 3,778,500 Kg - = 3,778,500,000,000 mg. 3,778,500,000,000 mg. water C* 0.000,000,000,000,12 30 mg. VCM 0.12 part per trillion UCC 029865 4 Conclusion; Under the most unfavorable set of conditions (already negated by Hansen's work) the maximum concentration possible of VCM in water would be approximately one-tenth of a part per trillion. Clearance of Coatings for Use in Water Tanks A complicating factor in our efforts to obtain withdrawal of the restrictions is the fact that jurisdiction on this area is still ill-defined, split between EPA and FDA. In his contacts with the EPA administrator whose decision started this problem, Mr. Martell obtained the allowance to use vinyl coatings, provided that they were submitted to the EPA labora tory in Cincinnati for testing. However, since there is no mechanism established to enable a private company to initiate this process, a paint manufacturer wishing to have his system accepted would have to persuade his customer (in this case a municipal or state agency) to, in turn, request approval from the EPA laboratory. Supporting data would have to be channeled through the same route. It is easy to imagine that it would be hard to motivate an agency to initiate action with another. Furthermore, the follow up and flow of information would be slow, inefficient, and prone to misunderstandings and snags. All this would amount to time and money for our customers, already taxed by the flood of regulatory paperwork. This procedure does not appear warranted. The Food and Drug Administration, which for many years has monitored the quality of coatings in contact with food, does not have such a coating qualification procedure. All that is required is that the coating manufacturer certifies that the ingredients used are FDA-approved for food contact. If this is good enough for cans, where the contact time between foodstuff and coating may be several years, it is hard to justify a more stringent control where the contact time is much shorter. It appears that the situation is favorable to urge the EPA to adopt time-proven FDA-type compliance guidelines. This would save considerable time and effort to our customers thereby ensuring the uninterrupted use of vinyl coatings in this important application. UCC 029866 5 CONCLUSIONS (1) Recent work by a coatings researcher has demonstrated theore tically and practically that no residual vinyl chloride monomer remains in a film, even under exaggerated conditions. (2) Vinyl chloride monomer concentration calculations under the most adverse conditions demonstrate that the maximum could amount to about .1 parts per trillion. (3) Compliance procedures used by FDA for years in the safeguard of the public health have never contained qualification procedures for individual coatings. Adoption of such quali fication by EPA appear unwarranted. It is hoped that the data presented here will be useful in an energetic and sustained compaign to halt further spreading of damaging misinformation. TG:ld Attachment: Appendix FLASH As this report was being typed, it was learned that the problem has appeared now in Wisconsin. UCC 029867 ucc 029868 Vol. 60 N .7 JOCCAB 00(7) 246-274 (1977) -7- July 1977 BOUND COPIES OF PAPERS PRESENTED LIMITED NUMBER AVAILABLE See insert for details -- PREPRINTS OURNA IL & OLOUR HEMISTS' SSOCIATION Vinyl chloride rotontion in coatings formed from solutions C. M. Human Moasuromont and usa of surface tension data in film-forming polymers ' F. Ewana-Eba/a and H. P. Schraibar The microanalysis of copper oxide based marine antifouling paints in the scanning electron microscope g j g^ Non-conventionai amicorroeive primers for steel D. . A Williama-Wynn OCCA-30 EXHIBITION INVITATIONS TO EXHIBIT DESPATCHED 632 Details on page 270 vjee 029869 0 J Qtl Col. CW Assoc. 1911, M, Transactions and Communications----------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Vinyl chloride retention in coatings formed from solutions* By C. M. Hansen Scandinavian Paint and Printing Ink Research Institute, Odantagada 14, 2100 Kobenhaun 0. Danmark Summary There is no measurable retention of vinyl chloride in coatings formed from solution*. Calculations have shown that this it not anticipated and measurements in practical and exaggerated titua- dons have demonstrated no measurable (< I ppm) retained vinyl chloride. Keywerds Types and chutes of coatings and allied products ink printing ink foil coating Raw materials for coatings binders (resms, etc.) polyvinyl rain row materials used in manufacture or synthesis of ingredients for coatings polyvinyl chloride Properties, characteristics and conditions primarily associated with: materials in general evaporation tale Oied or curedfilms solvent retention La retention da chlorure do vinylo par ravttomanta k partir da solutions vinyliquss Rinat Let revetemems k partir da solutions vinyliques ne retiennent pas de chlorure de vinyle en quantity dosable. La calculi ont uidiqui que ce n'est pas cc que i'on doit s'atteodre, mail let kmesura dans la pratique ct sous in conditions exagtftes ont demontrt que la quantity da chionnt de vinyle n'atteint paa la limite dosable (< lppcn.) Zuruckhaltuno von Vinylchlorid in aug Ldaungsn gabildaton basehichtungon In aus Losungen gebildeten Filmen ist keine mestbaie Zuruckhaltung von Vinylchlorid fatstellbar. Bertchnungen haben gezeigt, dass dies nicht von vomherein anzunehmen ist, und in praktisch mOglichen und Qbertriebenen Situationen vorgenommtne Meatimpan baben keine messbare ZurQckhahuog (<1 pro Mio.) von Vinylchlorid gezeigt. Introduction Ms. l-s Various environmental authorities have focussed their attention on the presence of vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) in food packaging materials. This study was undertaken to explore the amount of retained vinyl chloride which might be anticipated in coatinp and inks. Film formation and tha evaporation proooss Films are formed from polymer solutions by the process of solvert evaporation. This evaporation has been shown to occur in two stages1'1. These are controlled by air surface resistance and internal diffusion resistance, respectively. The first stage of the evaporation process is influenced by such factors as solvent vapour pressure, air velocity, end solvent diffusion through s thin laminar boundary layer. It is 'Reproduced by permission of Farg och Lack known that the relative evaporation rate* is a useful practice! tool (which correlates with vapour pressure for example) for understanding first stage phenomena. Indeed, extensive studies with e vinyl chloride copolymer (VYHH-Union Carbide) were used to help confirm this fact4. The relative evaporation rate compares the rate of evaporation for a given solvent with that of e-butyl acetate which has arbitrarily been assigned value of 100. The second phase of solvent evaporation occurs over a much longer period of time which is usually called solvent retention. The loss ofsolvent is controlled by internal diffusion resistance within the film. Transport to the air surface is retarded by polymer molecular segments being required to move to create sufficient space for the solvent molecules to move. Consequently, larger and mote bulky molecules move (diffuse) mote slowly than smaller or more linear ones and tend to be retained for longer periods of time. Polymer to solvent "bonding" is not the significant retarding effect in this phase as evidenced by an extensive' study of this phenomenon which also induced numerous data for the 24S ucc 029870 9 246 Cm.Hansen jocca Mine vinyl chloride copoJynrr mentioned above1. Polymen with lower glass transition temperature* can be expected to retain k aolvent (or mooomer) became of greater internal mobility. Polyvinyl chloride) (PVC1) ie fenerally pUstidaed or modified by copotymeriMtian to allow ita uae in a eohnion M.mt Such can be expected to retain lea aolvent or monomer than rigid pdy(vtayl chloride), for example. k/l VYHH to 1/13 of this value before entering into the wound posse. *BA at 20*C is apptoximetdy 2630/71.3 - 37.06 from equation 2. Substituting that values into squadon 1 gives: It might alto be noted that the matbematice of diffusion predict a dependence of solvent Ion on the equate of the film This >-- that if a drying film it compared with om of twice its film thickness (at longer times), the thicker film will require four times as long to reach the same level of solvent (or monomer) content as the thinner film. Thus thicker films can inherently be expected to retain more solvent or mnywimw than thinner films. These relations have also been confirmed experimently in the experiments mentioned above. EetlmatM of vinyl ehlorido loxs during tho first phnan The first phase evaporation phenomena are cloeely related to what in the chemical engineering literature is termed "differen tial distillation" (distilling solvent* in a batch praam, for example). The polymer may influence the proem to scene degree, as will theactivity coefficients for the mixture* involved. In a first approximation, however, three will not be con sidered. The differential distillation process is described by McCabe and Smith*. In the simplest cam, mathematical relations are derived for estimating the compositional changes in the liquid film as a function Of material evaporated. The equation concerned is: where: Nm - amount of ff(VCM) present at a given stage in the evaporation process Na, -- amount of B originally present Na - amount of A present at a given stags in the evaporation pracm Na, - amount of A originally pereent aA ~ relative volatility of M to A The relative volatility can be estimated by a simple ratio of the evaporation rates, but this value is not available foe vinyl chloride. In the example below the relative volatility was, therefore, estimated by a ratio of the vapour premure* at room temperature*-'. Vs * (s) .......................... srealt; a Miming typirel lacquer formulaboo having the following Thus it dear that theoretically there should be eswntnlly no VCM remaining a the aid of the firet stage of the evaporation proem. For the sake of including all factors, the date on solvent retention for VYHH died above indicate that a further reduction of the solvent and/or monomer content present at the start of the diffusion controlled phase will occur to the extent of a factor somewhat poster than two within a reasonable time (hours). Should the temperature he increased above room temperature, the mobility of the polymer chain Kgments will be increased with an accompanying increase in the diffusion coefficients of the solvent/monomer molecules. A greater reduction in the amount of retained volatile material will result. Expnrimnntal aeks-n The analyses for VCM were carried out using a (as chromato graph. For liquid samples with e large VCM content the solvent or lacquer solution was injected directly into the gas chromatograph. When the VCM content was small, the analysis was dona by tbs bead space method**11. Here the principle is to place the sample in e suitable container, such that a gaseous sample can be removed with a syringe through a membrane without otherwise disturbing the contents. The volatile contents establish an equilibrium in the container and a calibration ofthe VCM signal by the method ofaddition allows analysis of the VCM cootent in the sample itself. A coronas dally available lacquer with the composition described in the example above was used for these studies. This lacquer was found to have Ifionm VCM based on the nonvolatile portion of the formulation. Filins were made in Petri dishes. There were made at an exaggerated film thirtawsere of 140 to 160 microns. After 66 hours of drying at roam temperature (according to the film thicknrss squared rale this corresponds to 1.6 minutes for the normal film thH'iws of 3 micron for this product) no measurable (< tppm) VCM could be detected in tbe film. It might also be noted that meewreble VCM could not be found in films applied in the manner the product is customarily wed k in a film thickness of 3 microns on aluminium foil. Vinyl copoiytm*' 23g Methyl byl kOons 73* Vinyl chloride tnooomer variable Tbs above menbooed auariments with VYHH have >-------Mated that the end of the int phase is issoriewd with e sottMtt compos!ooc of about 0.2f soheot/g VYHH*. Thus, the fiat | ----------- - a reduction of the volatile coatanl of tbs laoquw Experimental values for *a were determined by adding 4000ppm VCM to methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and following the ccoceniiation of VCM as a ftmctioo of the per cent MEK evaporated. Figure 1 shows a gas chromatogram of the VCM/MEK mixture altar 4 par cam MEK and 46 per cent VCM me evaporated. Codccaed remits from similar analyses are ritnwn In Hgnre 1 ! ucc 029871 1977 (7) VINYL CHLORIDE RETENTION IN COATINGS FORMED FROM SOLUTIONS 247 evaporated and replaced by a solution of about lOOOOppm in MEK. The original VCM concentration was about dOOQppm based on the dry polymer. The experimentally determined concentration of VCM was about 0.2ppm after half of the MEK was evaporated. These results are also included in Figure 2. Figure 3a shows a gas chromatogram of the head space over a sample of vinyl lacquer after half of the MEK was evaporated. Figure 3b shows a corresponding sample where VCM was added in an amount equal to 1.5ppm baaed on the dry polymer. Fig. I. Gas chromatogtem of a dOOOpp* aolutloa of VCM la MEK after 4% has evaporated. Calculated VCM roeteat: 2M0pom. Column: 2m, 1/14' Id. Porapak Q; Temperature: 170aC; N,; 30ml/mia; Detector: FID; Att; Sxl and gxIOO; Gat chroauto- graph; Perkin Elmer F 30 Fig. 3b. Gat chromatogram of the head space over a vlayl lacipwr after 50% of the MEK hat evaporated, 1-Sppm VCM added (bated ea dry tolldt) Coluam: 2m, 1/I' Id. Poranak Q, Tempmatute: I30C; 10 ada prog-207ada to 200*C; N>; 30mi/mla; Detector: FID; Att: 1x1; Gat chromatograph: Parkis Elmer F 30 Fig. 2. Erapoeatiou of VCM from MEK, x Initial ooaaatratloa 4000ppm la MEK, O Initial conetatratlon IS'/, vinyl ndn aoUda, 75% MEK, dOOOppm VCM (dry reeia) The same evapoi etion experiment was repeated using the vinyl lacquer formulation described above (25 per cent vinyl polymer). 10 per cent of the MEK in the lacquer was Conclusion As can be seen in Figure 2 there is no significant difference in the evaporation data between the VCM/MEK solution and the VCM/MEK/viny! polymer solution. In both cases agA is about 15. Thus it cannot be expected that measurable amounts (N/No at 10"") of VCM will be present at the end of the first phase of the evaporation process when the MEK content is reduced to 1/15 of the original amount. Polymers containing small amounts of VCM are used in coatinp applied from solutions. The VCM present in the liquid product will evaporate together with the solvent during the first phase of the film formation process. The dry film will never contain significant amounts of VCM, because the relative volatility will be high regardless of the solvent used. The present results using MEK as solvent justify this con clusion, since MEK is among the most volatile of solvents used and will also be high for any other solvent used. Acknowledgment The author would like to thank Karen Eng who has been responsible for the experimental work. [Received 25 February 1977 ucc 029872 348 RfrncM 1. Hansen. C. M., Doctoral Dimertion `The Three Dimensional Solubility Parameter and Solvent Diffusion CoeAcsent", Danish Technical Press, Copenhagen, 1967. 2. Hansen, C. M., Ind. Eng. Chrm trod. Res Dee . 1970, 9,2*2. 3. Doolittle. A. K. "The Technology of Solvent* and Plastidms", John Wiiey and Sons, /nr.. New York, 1934. 4. Hansen. C. M.. Liccntiat Dtoeftion, "The Free Volume Interpretation of the Drying of Lacquer Filtm", Technical Usd*, of Denmark, Copenhagen, 1964, (Fig. 3.3). 3. See ref. 1. Chapter 3. 11 C. M. HANSEN JOCCA 6. McCabe, W. L. and Smith, J. C-, "Unit opaations of Chemical Engineering", McGrow Hill, New York, 1936, p. 674-8. 7. Berena, A. R., 168th National Am. Chem. Soc. Meeting, Atlantic City, September 9-13,1974. Div. of Polymer Chemistry; Polymer Preprints, 1974,15: 2, 197-202. 8. Stcichen. R. J., Analytical Chemistry, 1976,41: 9,1398-1402. 9. Personal communication with cand. ptaaim. Vagn Agird. Jydsk Teknoiogisk Institut, Aarhus, Denmark. 10. Purcell, J.E4 Giordano, B. D-. "The Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Vinyl Chloride", Prrkin-EImtr Publication Nr. GCD-43, January 1975. 11. Vitenbcrg, A. G-, Chromatographic, 1974, 7: 10,610-619. ucc 029873 12 SCANDINAVIAN PAINT AND PRINTINO INK NKSIARCH INSTITUTE N ROISKA INSTITUTKT FDR FXROPORSKNINQ NORDISK FORSKNINQSINSTITUT FOR MALI NO OO TRVKPARVKR Mr. Thomas Ginsberg Union Carbide Corp., River Road Bound Brook, N.J. o88o5, U.S.A., 1 Vof raf. CMH/XMcG d",m '* ODENSEQAOE M 2100 KOBENHAVN 0 DENMARK TELEFON TRIA S3 05 POSTQ1RO 3 00 69 13 dato 1977.09.02 Dear Mr. Ginsberg: I can inform you that the vinyl polymer used in out VCM retention studies did not originate from Union Carbide. I am informed also that European sources of this type polymer can also now supply at less than 1 ppm VCM. Sincerely, Charles M. Hansen ucc 029874 13 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (BUREAU OF RECLAMATION) Request for copies of Department of the interior specifications should be directed to Commissioner's Office, Building 53, Denver, Colorado 80202 VR 3 VINYL RESIN PAINT; Aos 14. I9t>4. UNION CARBIDE Formulation W *"10 BAftfrLlTt vinyl rtsml VMCH and VYHH. FORMULA SUGGESTION VP-3010 Maintenance Primer Finish* FORMULA 0AKCUTE Vinyl Resin VMCH BAKCUTC Vinyl Resin VYHH FLEXOL Plesllcizer OOP Pigment (l) Asbestine 3X Methyl laobutyl Ketone 2-Nltroprppano Toluene Ports by Weight 11.1 4.5 3.0 13.0 3.9 1S-1 1L2 32-8 1004) (1) White System * Titanium Dioxide, rutile, non-chalking. Red System - Synthetic Red Iron Oxide. Blech System - Synthetic Block iron Oxide. Aluminum System - Aluminum Powder, 9.9 pertt rother then 11*0 ports. PROCEDURE 1. Dissolve resins into the solvent system. 2, Charge all Ingredients** end resin solution Into pebble mill end grind lor 24 hours. "except In aluminum system *For beet adhesion of primers to boro stool. It Is helpful to odd kk% of IS% phosphoric odd, besod on the weight of vinyl room VMCH, IP the primer formutattan. VR6 VINYL RESIN PAINT; July . I960 UNION CARBIDE Formuletlon VP-3001 using BAKELITE vinyl reslne VMCH In prime, cost, vyhh m body cost and VYHH and VYN5 In seal eeat FORMULA SUGGESTION VP-3001 Maintenance System FORMULA BAKELITC Vinyl Retin VMCH BAKELITE Vinyl Resin VYHH BAKELITE Vinyl R,ln WHS FLEXOL Plasticizer 10-10 TIOi, rutll*. non-chalkln* Carbon Black ,. Synthetic Aed Iron OuM, Aluminum Powder (1) Methyl itobutyl Ketone 2-Nltropropene Toluene Prime* Beet 154)0 -- 14)0 154)0 1.00 -- we 1410 15jao 114)0 100.00 farts By WtifM Red Brey Oedy My Ceet eeet _ 154)0 1540 -- loOO 140 -- 1540 -- 140 1100 _ --* 17^0 1540 174)0 9140 1U0 ffpft 10040 10040 *m COM _ 1147 5.77 ltJB * _ a) 1949 1944 9949 10040 (1) -`Alcoa" 408 xuejettad - I S Ibi. to be added to 1 (allon of aoluUon Mr iso. For boat adhesion of primer* to bare ttaal. It la helpful M add \k% of B9 phoephortc acid, bawd oil tha walpht el vinyl resin VMCH, to the prlmar formulation. fNOCEDURK 2. Charpo all lnredlenu" and roaln aolutien M Pkbble mill and grind Mr 24 hours, "except in aluminum ayitam occ 0298"^ 7 14 VP-3010 JRN. 24 ' 78 PHW MHTEPIRL WEIGHT VMCH PESIN VYHH PESIN FLEXOL OOP TI PURE ft-960 T RLC MIBK 2-NP TOLUENE TQTRLS 11.10 4.50 3.0 0 13. 00 3.90 16. 10 16.20 32.20 100.00 POUNDS 100 GRL 99.85 40.48 26.99 116.94 35. 08 144.83 145.73 289.66 899.57 GRLS' 100 GRL 8.89 3.57 3.31 3.41 1.52 21.62 17.69 40. Ul 100. 00 CONSTRNTS PVC: THEOF.l MIL COVEPRGEi nonvulrtiles by weight * NONVOLRTTLES BY VOLUMES WEIGHT PEP 6RLL0N: RHW MRTEPIRLS COSTS SPECIFIC GFRVITYs 23.86 V. 331.74 SQ.FT. /GRLLDN 35.50 5; 20.68 >. 9.00 LBS. 2.41 D0LL6PS'GALLON 0.7258 CENT/SQ.FT./DRY 1.08 G/CC MIL a- a PERCENT BY WEIGHT 11.10 4.50 3.0 0 13. 00 3.9U 16.10 16.20 32.20 100. 0 0 ucc 029816 DISTRIBUTION Bound Brook Ackart, W. B. - 98 Anderson, R. J. - 200 Ginsberg, T. - 98 (5) Gorham, W. F. - 98 Gregory, R. A. - 203 Kaufman, L. G. - 98 McKeon, J. E. - 200 Merriam, C. N. - 98 Peacock, G. S. - 98 Reinking, N. H. - 98 Willeboordse, F. G. - 98 Technical Information Services - 200 (10) New York Dube, N. A. - 33 Gulick, R. E. - 33 Hutchinson, K. J. - 32 Kucsma, J. G. - 33 Lasher, R. W. - 33 Mees, A. A. - 33 Stockman, D. E. -33 South Charleston - Tech. Center Brezinski, J. J. Mayfield, H. Wheeler, T. N. Boston Martell, R. J. UCC 029877