Document Y9g0VXrQjRLGjbo9e6moM6330

REPRODUCED AT THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES d L t'r T ^ TEXT OF FULL REPORT OF -igati an of Health Tetra-ethyl Lead C REPRODUCED AT THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES ': H-687 /-IV :t; ..V- HI ' i '; '..i / jffi" *- :.tr r'# REGULATIONS PROPOSED .;i'| . . . .& . ' FOLLOWING THE TETRA-ETHYL LEAD INVESTIGATION iv V p?. . :^.9U'4c' m ' if- | i , i . ; ' I ` ' b jP l|S ' ,1 .L-iVaf"l MS ' ' ' %. h lh h* . These regulations have been formulated in accordance with the recommendations, of .the Surgeon General's committee, under i tior. the investigation In to the hazards from tetra-eth yl lead, gasoline V7as conducted. They axe proposed for adoption by the several sta te s in order to secure uniform ity of control and w ill be the subject of consideration at the meeting of the State and T erritorial Health Authorities with the Surgeon General in May, 1925. These regulations are based upon present conditions and knowledge and i t is appreciated that changes may be advisable from time to time. Farther research is being carried on to.determine the possible n ecessity for such changes. fflfP fe By the term Tetrad-Ethyl Lead is meant the chemical substance pb ( 0 ^ 5 ) 4 of a commercial grade of purity or higher. Ethyl Fluid is the concentrated, commercial fluid containing tetra-ethyl lead and other ingredients, which is to be added to gasoline to make ethyl gasoline. The manufacture of ethyl fluid consists in mixing these other ingredients with tetra-ethyl lead and is called Blending. Ethyl izing is the process of mixing the ethyl fluid with gasoline or other motor fluid to form ethyl gasoline or other ethylized motor fluid. In the f Ethyl Gasoline as herein used are included all other ethyl ized motor fluids containing tetra-ethyl lead. I. Proposed Regulations for the manufacture of tetra-ethyl lead and the blending of the latter to make ethyl fluid. Ii. Proposed Regulations for ethylizing. III. Proposed Regulations for distribution of ethyl gasoline. ' IV. Proposed Regulations for automobile garages, repair shops, service stations, and filling stations. (over) REPRODUCED AT THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES| ^ -w J %T '1 H-68? aaaa '&: i 2- - , ^ v ^ fiB E L ' ' Kv ? m m 0 : WWWi!$ f'\rVo tv-.hit1:;.'-' '-1' Prooosed Regulations for the Manufacture of m Tetra-ethyl Dead and the Blending of ,, the la tte r to malee Ethyl Fluid B i jv *' vm- 1. No person sh all he employed without adeouate instructions as to 2. . y ... the nature of the hazard and the ore cautions to he taken. y ,. - -. . Each worker sh all nave periodical physical examination which ' ' ; : ' /: : sh a ll con sist of such physical and other te s ts as axe in d icative o f the absorption o f 'te tr a - thy1 lend and sh a ll include, as a minimum, the following items: ~ . " '(a) Examination of b l ood'for stippling'by carefully trained workers, using positive'and negative controls, without ,knowledge o-f the source'of the slides';, this examination shall be once a'week for the first four weeks, and bi\ .monthly thereafter. (b) Semi-monthly contact-with plant physician for informal statement as to general health. (c) Bi-monthly weight, stripped. (d) Bi-monthly systolic and diastolic blood pressure estimation, while sitting. (e) Bi-monthly hemoglobin estimation by'Dare's hemoglobinometer. Exact records of these examinations shall be kept, and persons showing gradually increasing amounts of stippling, sudden development of stippling, or other marked deviation from normal, shall be promptly excluded from tetra-ethyl lead work, irrespective of whether or not such finding may be indicative of lead poisoning. REPRODUCED AT THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES V- ! $' TfH 1. mm 1 K-687 R>'& P\P.S P' J M ' hi` -3- i l i ' i i All parte of thepitots where lead-in any form ,is used shall ha 'U r i, ': ; f ' i. subject to sanitary measures to prevent c o llec tio n and dissem i- >>* ' M'. /.; k.' |fS$F,` 4. iw : , . "i1I',V<iTv-. .r 5. .6 nation of lead dust* Separate ven tilation systems sh all he provided for the manufactur-- M m m ' ing apparatus, and f'oor the a ir .o f the rooms, the o u t.le t. s of,, t,h, e <.*.. ( ?<s; -Ai.iy- $** - W R w t w - :. *\< 'V la t t e r being locatedI WnAeanMr the floaoa rW /ov-fP AeaAcAhn rooAmAl . Daily inspection shall cover efficiency of ventilating systems, . I a l l jo in ts, valves, and gaskets of manufacturing apparatus, and adequacy of pressure-hoSe .respirators. - <.t.... .. . ~Wk& All containers o f eth yl flu id or tetra -eth y l lead sh a ll be labeled as to exact content and danger and shall conform to the regulations of the Interstate Commerce Commission. These containers shall be carefully tested for leaks and shall bear a plainly legible label stating that they are to be closed tight immediately when emptied, without cleansing, and sent back to the plant. 7. Kerosene or other material used for cleansing the used containers of ethyl fluid or tetra-ethyl lead shall be placed in the contain ers by means of a closed system with air vents to outside air and with adequate ventilation. .8 The filling shall be performed by means of a closed system with air vent from the container to the outside air, and with adequate ventilation. 9. A dye shall be added to ethyl fluid in sufficient amount to give staining qualities to the ethyl gasoline, to deter individuals from using it for cleansing or other similar purposes. (over) Vk i ym:;. H-687 ,,t|yt . . i/ -4- * L/ si*ji*..'$';{'?.`'/li, 1'.y,v iJrMi (>. .> i,.*.>*'55. > 10. Reportb shall be made monthly to the appropriate O fficer of the ."-i ' - * .* ptate concerned covering the following points: *' * Number o f workerfsM'iem.m- ployed. .a t. b. e...gin.n.ing o,f. mon.t. .h. . .. Number of workers employed at close o f month* Wi t it: -Number of new workers. A Number of workers separated from tetra-eth yl lead v `:`vVft'"' m-: . W wvor.k* onaccount-of resu lts of examinations* .Number of d efin ite cases of poisoning. M: Condition of cases of poisoning previously reported so far as known, . '-..w;.:, ". REPRODUCED AT THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES .* vM w'V^G ;m m '4$ .-,`^5"> all mr Si,.^ v nnect oilses." labora- H-G27 ; fVn. r O.- ; I ' REPORTED INJURIES FROM ETHYL GASOLINE Perhaps the most important evidence as regards the possible harmful . sV%v effects of ethyl gasoline was obtained by inquiry in the regions where it had been longest used. This, however, is largely subjective, and therefore difficult or impossible to evaluate. City and State health authorities and labor leaders, who are in a position to know if the use of tetraethyl lead, which is now universally known to be very dangerous in its undiluted form, had caused any known serious results when diluted `jt* in gasoline in their respective jurisdictions, gave absolutely negative evidence as to any such harmfulness. It might easily happen that on account of labor turn-over and the disinclination of susceptible persons to remain at work where they were subject to a possible hazard of this sort, those who had been injured would not be found by an examination such as that detailed in the preceding sections of this report. Each em ployee examined was therefore questioned confidentially as to any rumors which he may have heard, or any knowledge or suspicion which he might have, regarding injuries or accidents from the use of ethyl gasoline. It was fortunate that the workers examined appreciated the impartial nature of this inquiry and the confidential terms of the examination. Many stories were elicited of the very serious poisonings which occurred at the blending plant where lead tetraeuhyl was mixed with halogens to form concentrated ethyl fluid. This plant was located near Dayton, Ohio. This, of course, was not the information being sought, and the subjects attention was directed to the use of ethyl gasoline itself. From the (over) \ (