Document XzGbdk4O9rMYX5xe73ddYp9dR

E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & COMPANY KRESS PIGMENTS DEPARTMENT 256 VANDERPOOL STREET NEWARK. NEW JERSEY Serial No. Copy No. KR= 48.i Numerical File o V NEWARK PLANT PIGMENT COLOR RESEARCH REPORT Final Report WEAK MOLYBDATE ORAHffiE MATCH FOB IMPERIALS A-4409 and SHERWIN-WILLIAMS 12145 Period Covered: APRIL 194? - OCTOBER 1948 it$ " 'sNi' iunn FILE: DATE: 2X1 o 3 1/21/49 N42186 Copy to* #1 - numerical Pile 2 * Research Office (211.3) 3 - Library Pile (211.3) 4 - #10 Building Pile 5 - V. ChalUDski, Plant Pilaa 6 - I* I* Newark ? * Extra Serial Ho. KN-48-40 Copy Ho. i NEWARK PLANT P10HE8T COLOR RESEARCH REPORT Pinal Report WEAK MOLYBDATE ORANGE MATCH FOR IMPERIAL'S A-4409 and SHERWIN-WILLIAMS 12145 APRIL 1945 - OCTOBER 1948 DATE SUBMITTEDi 12/7/48 DAIS ISSUED* 1/21/49 DUP050067126 Ww 'lOSil Molybdate Orange finds considerable use when blended with organic reds in Inexpensive toy and industrial enamels. Aa early as 1944, imperial promoted the weak Rex Orange A-4409 as a blending agent. Xt was claimed that enamels made with A-4409 and organic red showed a lower gallon cost than the high strength Molybdate Oranges (YE-421-D and A-4403). Sherwin-Williams marketed a weak Molybdate Orange, 12145, about the same time. laboratory work was initiated in 1945 to develop an offering against Imperial** A-4409. K-8752, an earlier laboratory formula, gave products close to competition and work continued with investiga tion of this formula both in the laboratory and the semi-works. At the time this development was progressing there was considerable speculation as to whether a weak type Molybdate Orange was really cheaper than a strong typs when used as a blending agent. It was therefore decided to halt further work until a thorough study could be made in the paint laboratory. The results of the paint study may be found in KN-47-27 in which the following general conclusion is drawn* Only when formulated on the basis of equal pigmentation does Imperial's low strength Molybdate Orange, A-4409, or DuPont's K-8752, or Sher-Willlams' 12145. show any cost advantage over an orthodox high strength Molybdate Orange,such as YE-421-D, when blended with Llthol Red.'' This work was completed in August 1946 and in June 1947 it was decided to proceed with semi-works development of a match for A-4409* A close match, K-2490, was obtained when Sales requested that the somewhat darker, weaker Sherwin-Williams product be matched instead. Considerable difficulty with the formula was experienced in the laboratory and semi-works in attempting to produce darker material. In view of this difficulty, plant trial of K-2490 was made in an attempt to match, again, the Imperial color* The process proved Unstable and laboratory work resumed to effect an improvement. A modified I.C.I. Scarlet Chroma M formula gave good duplicabillty in the laboratory and products very close to SherwinWilliams. After checking the results on a semi-works scale, plant trial was made. Although the process seemed duplicable, the products showed poor lightfastness. This was corrected by subsequent laboratory study and the improvement carried through to plant manufacture. A mix of the improved lightfastness products was sat up as standard for this color, YE-570-D. Color readings against competition and XE-421-D were as follows* DUP050067127 -2- Lot 88267 vs Sherwin-Williams 12145 <C #48756) Lot 88267 vs Imperial A-4409 (C #50747) Lot 88267 vs XE-421-D SD-48416 s.dk., yel., int., str. (92 100) vsred and inti dk*, s.red, int., wk. (115?* 100) red dk., red, int., wek. (175 * 100) red. A blend of IE-570-D and RI-431-D (5il) closely matches a similar blend made with Sherwin-Williams' YR-570-D counterpart* fiI-^US3l0N,,0F MMStSliM nmMumi During the investigation of the original YB-421-D formula in 1937i it mas discovered that darker, weaker products resulted from decreasing the molybdate-chromate ratio and lowering the pH of the lead nitrate solution from 3*4-3*5 to 2.7. When the problem of matchine imperial's A-4409 became active in 1945* this earlier formula, JC-8752, was tried and close matches were obtained. Slight modification resulted to the K-2490 formula shown to Table #1. The semi-works and plant trials of K-2490 were marked with poor duplicability. Dull masstones resulted to many cases* It was believed for a time that impurities to the lead, possibly copper or iron, were responsible but investigation revealed nothing significant* Attempts to make a darker masstone product were also unsuccessful* The optimum chromate-molybdate ratio appeared to be that used to K-2490. The use of lower pH'a lead to duller masstones. It was concluded that the stability of this process was marginal and that it became more sensitive as the batch aise Increased. It therefore became apparent that an entirely different formula would have to be used to obtain the necessary depth of masstone and duplicability. I.C.X's Scarlet Chrome M process was found to give products of the dark, weak type, even darker than Sherwin-Williams' 12145* The obvious changes snore to reduce toe acid somewhat to equal the Sherwin-Williams depth and to replace the lead phthalate with alum for lightfastness. This formula proved duplicable but lacking to lightfastness* The following changes were made to effect an improvement* 1. Decrease the lead excess. 2. Increase the alum. 3. 0se sodium silicate as to IE-421-D. 4. Add all soda ash before alum/sllicate. In testing the dark, weak molybdate oranges for lightfastness, differences sene found between fadeometer, weatherometer, and outdoor exposure results. Reversals were actually obtained to some eases* Outdoor exposure results seemed to depend upon toe prevailing weather conditional I DUP050067128 1500-X5C vs Sherwln-Wms. 12145 (Lab. product) C #48756 lAazsLsm vs worse 5 days sun A JUteoalft,..,. a.better Table #3 gives the results of one of the components of the standard mix. On the basis of these data YB-570-D is considered substantially equal to Sherwin-Williams 12145 although somewhat inferior to the lighter Imperial product and YE-421-D. In developing control variables for YE-570-0 It was discovered that an Increase In molybdate gives light. strong, yellow tint material as doss a decrease in acid. However, an inereasa In acid results in light, weak, yellow tint material, told and molybdate both must be increased to increase the depth and redness of masstone and to give weak red tints. v.light & str. light M&rnml . (Caustic Soda) (Bichrome) (Molybdate) (Sulfuric Acid) (Muriatic Acid) (Soda Ash) 35 325 55 12 16 205 35 325 50 12 16 205 35 325 50 12 29 235 dark weak 16 325 55 14 33 265 very dark 0 317 65 18 42 315 Gloss In enamels of Yg-570-D was found to vary with tha manner in which it was ground In paint vehicles, small differences in paint formulation often resulting in large differences in initial gloss. Table #4 gives two grinding formulas, one of which gives good gloss, the other giving poor gloss. It was also found that grinding with porox balls In porcelain Jars gives poor gloss whereas grinding with porox balls in glass Jars givas good gloss. It should therefore be borne in mind when testing molybdate oranges that gloss Is dependent upon the use of the proper paint formulation and grinding conditions. REFERENCESi H.B. 623 H.B. 1266 H.B. 1300 OSH 46-51 OSH 48- DUP050067129 Lead Nitrate Volume lamp. pH 165.5 6 liters 50p 3.4*3.5 Strike in 30 minutes with 165.5 6 liters 60F 2.7 Chrome Molybdate Sodium Sulfate Sodium Chloride Volume 55.8 11.7 8,3 * 1 liter 59.8 9.7 10.0 10.0 1 liter Add Sodium Chloride) Muriatic Acid ) e 5*1 50 5.2 Stir 10 minutes. Add In turn Alum Soda Ash to pH 5,86.0 Bicarbonate 21 .e 73*5 21 m 34 165.5 5.5 liters 6W 2.5 58,6 7.80 9.56 9.56 0.94 liter 49 5,1 21 21 s DUP050067130 mmM. I.C.I. lead Bitrate Volume Temperature 165*5 10 liters 65F Add Caustic Soda 4.2 Strike In 60 min. with Bichrome Molybdate Sulfuric Acid Hydrochloric Acid Sodium Chloride Volume Temperature 57.9 12.05 4.65 5.88 - 2 liters 65F in turn Soda Ash Sodium Silicate Alum Soda Ash to pH 5,8-6.0 * m m 34 Add separately prepared lead phthalate solution. lam-.mrti 165.5 10 liters 65P 6.0 56.0 8.6 2.0 5.0 5.0 2 liters 65F 20 < 24 30 YE-5?0-D(D) 165.5 10 liters 65F 6.5 61.0 9.4 2.2 5.4 5.4 2 liters 65? 44 11 26 DUP050067131 I E - 57Q.P 60703 vs YE-421-D SD-48416 C o l& r v .d a rk O ld Fadeoaeter worse TABLE New Qtt^QQE.JSPagNrg worse s .w o rs e 9 9 ^9 99 i1 | P 9P 9 P 9 P s 4* u i +40 0to to t o 9(0 I to S O MP * t0o 9V t9o > **H 90 * .Mh<9 9O 9to 5 W IN HUO\ jo 6 $ SI 9 <rt (RCw Too as 6 9g V\ i 9 Hrtf0O> ClS^ mo J so DUP050067132 Pigment OS-2527 4mseo 8 Mineral Spirits JL it'15 Porox Balls* Mill 24 hours* Add OI-2527 .fiasco B Mineral Spirits KV-30 57 15 m 2 cc Strain into Jars. Spray panels* Glossj A good B poor Colors B vs A trace red* JL. a* m 14 37 10 3 cc DUP050067133