Document XOMbJdby4EYKRdqKEEMKw3JEd

ROPES, CHAINS, AND SLINGS cal department. The former should be able to detect those links which have become visibly unsafe because of overloading, faulty rigging, or other unsafe practices. The lat ter should make a thorough inspection. A hnk-by-link inspection should be made to detect the foDowmg. 1 Bent links 2 Cracks m weld areas, in shoulders, or in any other section of link 3 Transverse nicks and gouges 4 Corrosion pits 5 Elongation caused by stretching (Fig. 218) can only be caused by overloading The best way to detect such elongation and also link wear is by a visual link-by link Inspection. Overall sling length meas urements or even measurements of 1- to 3-ft lengths are inadequate because not all links are affected uniformly. Likewise caliper readings only over several links can miss such a condition See Table 21K and Fig. 21-9. Unless full and adequate facilities for re pair are available, chain showing faults by inspection should be returned to the manu facturer for reconditioning Alloy steel chains and heat-treated car bon steel sling chains should never be an nealed or normalized because these processes reduce the hardness and, therefore, greatly reduce the strength. Safe practices In the use of chains, recognized safe prac tices will do much to prevent failures. 1. Never splice a chain by inserting a bolt between two links. 2. Never put a strain on a kinked cham. Workmen should be trained to take up the slack slowly and see that every link in the chain seats properly. 3. Do not use a hammer to force a hook over a chain link 4. Permanent identification tags are usually attached to chain slings by the manufac turer. Tags should never be removed. 5. Remember that decreasing the angle be tween the legs of a chain sling and the horizontal increases the load in the legs 6 Use chain attachments (nngs, shackles, couplings, and end links) designed far use with the chain to which they are fastened 7. See that the load is always properly set in the bowl of the hook. Loading on or toward the point (except m the case of grab hooks or others especially designed for the purpose) overloads the hook and leads to spreading and possible failure References American Petroleum Institute, SO West 50th St, New York City. Recommended Practice on Ap plication, Care, and Use of Win Rope lor Od-Pteld Service, Code No API-RP-9B. Ameneon Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race St, Philadelphia, Pa. Standard Methods el Testing and Tolerances lor Rope Made Item Past and Loaf Fibers D738-52 Specification lor Alloy Steel Chain. A391-58. Tentative Specification tor Carbon Steel Chaw. A413-57T American Standards Association, 10 East 40th St, New York City. Safety Code lor Crones, Derricks and Hoists. B30-2. Safety Color Code lor Marking Physical Regards and (As Identification of Certain Equipment. 253 1. Win Repo lor Mines. Mil. Safety Code lor Elevators, Dumbwaiters, and Escalators. A17 1 Electric Controller and Manufacturing Company. 2704 East 79th St, Cleveland, Ohio Row to Operate a Crane. Booklet 920. National Association of Cham Manufacturers, 111 West Washington St, Chicago, III National Fire Protection Association, 60 Batterymarch St, Boston, Maas. National Electrical Coda. Standard No 70. Flammable Liquids Code, Standard No. 30. National Safety Council, 425 North Michigan Ave., Chicago, Hi Industrial Data Sheets Alloy Steel Chains lor Overhead Liltmg Data Sheet 478. Recommended Loads lor Wire Rope Slings. Data Sheet 380. Safe Use of Manila Rope Slings. Data Sheet 259 U S Department of the Intenor, Bureau of Mines, Washington, D C. Safe Practices in Mine Hoisting. Circular 61. 21-18 I