Document XEkQkNDpxoyVydp8eGGEmqnx

January 1989 ( ilPGoodrich ABOUT THIS BULLETIN The data in this bulletin applies to all Geon vinyl com pounds except polyblends (blend ot polyvinyl chloride and nitrile rubber). Geon vinyl compounds are mixtures of thermoplastic polyvinyl chloride resin, which is a white granular powder, and functional additives such as pro cessing aid, heat stabilizer, plasticizer, lubricant, impact modifier, pigment and/or other ingredients. Compound may be prepared as either granules (i.e., pellets of vary ing size and shape) or free-flowing powders. Although they may vary in terms of physical properties or other characteristics, safety and handling precautions are similar for all compounds. Please note: Pellet com pound does not represent any inhalation hazard because of its physical form. However, fine particle size additives in powder compound may result in airborne dust. Respiratory protection against nuisance dust may be necessary when handling powder compound. The data in this bulletin does not include any informa tion on the suitability of vinyl for any particular applica tion nor does it discuss any precautions that may apply to specific end products. Moreover, this bulletin cannot cover all possible situations which the user may ex perience during processing. Each aspect of your opera tion should be examined to determine if, or where, addi tional precautions may be necessary. All health and safety information contained in this bulletin should be provided to your employees or customers. We must rely on you to use this information to develop appropriate work practice guidelines and employee instructional pro grams for your operation. For information pertinent to resin, please read BFGoodrich Bulletin, "Material Safety Data, Geon Vinyl Resin." Also, a separate safety data bulletin is available for Geon vinyl polyblend compounds. SPECIAL NOTE: Vinyl chloride and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) are not the same material. Vinyl chloride is a flam mable gas that is strictly regulated by the Ontario Ministry of Labour (OML). Through a chemical reaction, this gas -- known as a monomer -- is converted to a nonhazardous white granular powder called polyvinyl chloride resin, PVC, or simply, vinyl. It is this vinyl resin that is then combined with functional additives to make compound. Vinyl resin is not a cancer suspect agent. Moreover, the reaction is not reversible. That is, thermal processing or decomposition will not cause polyvinyl chloride to revert back to vinyl chloride monomer. {See Section II.) SECTION I PRODUCT INFORMATION Manufacturer's Name Address Telephone Number Trademark Chemical Name/Synonyms Formula Chemical Family CAS Registry Number Transportation Emergency Telephone B.F.Goodrich Canada Inc. 195 Columbia St. W., Waterloo, Ont. N2J 4N9 (519) 888-4318 (Technical) Geon Vinyl Poly (vinyl chloride)/Flexible Compound Poly (vinyl chloride)/Rigid Compound Poly (vinyl chloride)/Rigid Powder Compound Vinyl resin* plus functional additives *(CH2CHCl)n Vinyl resin: chloroethene polymer Not applicable to compounds CANUTEC (613) 996-6666 ( Virtually all Geon vinyl compounds are manufactured with homopolymer polyvinyl chloride resin (CAS Registry Number: 9002-86-2). We do market a limited number of compounds based upon vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer resin. Specific grades of Geon vinyl compounds comply with applicable provisions of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration regulations governing food contact (21CFR). Please consult product literature for details. Geon vinyl resin and the functional additives used to manufacture compound are included in the Toxic Substances Control Act, Inventory of Chemical Substances, developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. . ( BFG50173 SECTION II HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS Vinyl resin contains a very small amount of residual vinyl chloride monomer (CAS Registry Number: 75-01-4). Extensive product and process im provements have resulted in the reduction of residual monomer to average levels less than 1-5 parts per million (ppm) in the vinyl resins used to manufacture compound. Today, there is virtually no employee ex posure to vinyl chloride monomer above 0.5 ppm when handling or processing Geon vinyl compound. Please read Section below on Vinyl Chloride Monomer (VCM) for workplace exposure limits. The sum total of ingredients present in virtually any ther moplastic compound will emit vapors and odors dur ing processing. The visible fumes that occur during normal processing of vinyl compound are mainly water vapor. Trace amounts of hydrogen chloride, an irritant, are possible if there is any hangup or stagnation of compound in processing equipment. Vapors from nonPVC components are principally trace amounts of volatiles from stablizers, plasticizers, lubricants, etc. Some people may be sensitive to fumes or odors from these additives. The primary effect is irritation to the eyes, respiratory tract or skin. To protect your employees' health, conduct any operation emitting fumes or vapors under well-ventilated conditions. Functional additives mixed with vinyl resin to create compounds may include: GEON VINYL COMPOUND/FLEXIBLE -- GROUP 1 AND 2 -- Stabilizer generally in amounts less than 5% by weight. These may include organometallics such as tin, lead, cadmium, barium and zinc and metallic salts such as tri basic lead sulfate. (Lead stabilized flexible compounds fall under Group 2. All remaining flexi ble compounds fall under Group 1.) -- Commercially available pigments based on iron oxide, carbon black, chromium, ultramarines, titanium dioxide, cadmiums, phthalocyanines, molybdates, lead, quinacridones and other organic or inorganic materials. -- Polymeric, monomeric or mixed ester plasticizer in amounts generally between 20-50% by weight in plasticized compound. Plasticizers are volatile when heated, and they will contribute to the sum total of the vapors released during processing. GEON VINYL COMPOUND/RIGID -- GROUP 3 & GEON VINYL COMPOUND/RIGID POWDER -- GROUP 4 -- Stabilizer generally in amounts less than 5% by weight consisting of organotins. -- Commercially available pigments based on iron oxide, carbon black, chromium, ultramarines, titanium dioxide, cadmiums, phthalocyanines, molydates, lead, quinacridones and other organic or inorganic materials. In pellet compound, additives are bound-up in the manufacturing process and are not expected to create any hazard when handled or processed in accordance with good manufacturing and industrial hygiene practices and by following the guidelines presented in this bulletin. With powder compound, respiratory protection against nuisance dust may be required. Please read section below on Functional Additives used in PVC Compound for more information about additives and hazardous substances. FUNCTIONAL ADDITIVES USED IN PVC COMPOUND Additives chosen for a specific compound will vary ac cording to processing and final product requirements. The following list does not represent all possible additives but it does represent typical ingredients which may be used in vinyl compounds. Stabilizer inhibits thermal degradation of the com pound during processing and throughout the service life of the product. Stabilizers may be grouped into four classes: organometallic tins, lead salts, mixed metal salts and special-purpose stabilizers. The most com mon organometallic tin stabilizers are tin mercaptides, mainly methyl tin and butyl tin. Some stabilizers, in cluding di-n-octyl and dimethyl tin mercaptide, are FDA acceptable for food contact applications. Lead salts, like dibasic lead phosphite, are mainly organic lead compounds and include sulfates, silicates, phosphates, stearates, phthalates and maleates. Mixed metal salts include calcium-zinc and barium-cadmium systems. Special-purpose stabilizers include flame retardants such as antimony derivates and ultraviolet light ab sorbers. Stabilizer will typically be present in amounts up to 5% by weight. Processing aids. The most common processing aids used with vinyl compound are acrylics or styreneacrylonitrile copolymers present at levels up to 5.0% by weight. Impact modifiers commonly used with vinyl include acrylates, chlorinated polyethylene, methacrylatebutadiene-styrene (MBS), acrylonitrile-butadienestyrene (ABS), and rubber. Although not present in all *".k compounds, when used, impact modifier may range up to 20% by weight. Fillers. Most common are metal carbonates, mainly calcium carbonate, which is usually in the form off ground limestone and coated with stearic acid. Other q fillers may be silicates, gypsum, clay, alum and barytes. ' Plasticizer. Many kinds of plasticizers are available such as dioctyl, dihexyl and dibutyl phthlates, phosphate esters such as isodecyl diphenyl phosphate, aliphatic alcohol esters such as dioctyl adipate, polymeric plasticizer such as polyesters of adipic adic, and monomeric esters such as trimellitate. Dioctylphthlate is FDA acceptable for food contact ap plications. When used in flexible vinyl compound, plasticizer concentration will generally range between 20-50%, by weight. Lubricants include paraffin waxes, mineral oils, polyethylene, salts of fatty acids and fatty acids, esters and amides. Lubricants would be present up to ap proximately 5%. Pigment. A list of common pigments appears in Sec tion II. Pigments may be present up to 5% to achieve opacity and color. In weatherable compounds, titanium dioxide may be present at concentrations up to 10-15% to achieve acceptable ultraviolet light screening. BFG50174 VINYL CHLORIDE MONOMER (VCM) Employee exposure to vinyl chloride monomer (CAS Registry Number: 75-01-4), a carcinogen, is regulated by O.M.L. The current regulation requires that no employee may be exposed to VCM concentrations greater than 2.0 ppm (parts per million by volume) averaged over any 40 hour period, or 10 ppm maximum. The regulation applies to the manufacture, packaging, repackaging, storage, handling or use of vinyl chloride or polyvinyl chloride. Typically, purchasers of vinyl com pound for processing purposes must comply with the permissible exposure limits set by O.M.L. Moreover, the regulation requires a program of initial monitoring in each facility to determine if there is any employee exposure. Monitoring of vinyl processing and fabricating plants and modeling studies show that 0.5 ppm cannot be exceed ed when residual VCM is at or below 8.5 ppm in Geon vinyl compound. Shipping containers for these com pounds are not labeled by BFGoodrich unless a customer specifies otherwise. Polyvinyl chloride is not a cancer suspect agent. It is the trace amount of unreacted vinyl chloride monomer that must be controlled, not the vinyl itself. Although some containers may be labeled, this does not necessarily mean that employee exposure to VCM will exceed permissible exposure limits. Using "worst case" conditions of thermal processing, our studies show that more than 30 ppm of unreacted monomer in vinyl resin is needed to cause 0.5 ppm to be present in the at mosphere of a hot, poorly ventilated workplace. For fur ther information, please read BFGoodrich Technical Ser vice Bulletin No. 12, "Vinyl Studies." Good ventilation in those areas where VCM might concentrate -- such as where containers are stored and first opened, where materials are mixed and where compound is melted -- will further ensure a work environment virtually free of VCM. SECTION IV FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD DATA ignition Characteristics (ASTM D-1929) Rigid vinyl compound (i.e., no plasticizer) has a flashignition temperature of about 391 C (735F) and a self ignition temperature of about 454C (850F). When plasticizer is added, ignition temperatures decrease. At a 30% plasticizer content, the flash-ignition temperature will be about 321 C (610F) and the self-ignition temperature will be about 435C (815F). By themselves, most vinyl compounds (i.e., rigid compound and com pound with less than about 35% plasticizer) will not sup port combustion because they require a higher concen tration of oxygen for burning than is present in the earth's atmosphere. Any vinyl compound can be forced to burn by continuous application of intense heat. Like all com bustible material, protect from open flame and maintain proper clearance when using portable heat devices, etc. Store flammable liquids away from vinyl compound. Ftash-lgnitlon Temperature: The lowest initial temperature of air passing around the specimen at which sufficient combustible gas is evolved to be ignited by a small external pilot flame. Self-Ignition Temperature: The lowest initial temperature of air passing around the specimen at which, in the absence of an ignition source, ignition occurs of itself, as indicated by an explosion, flame or sustained glow. Extinguishing Media Water is most effective. ABC dry chemical, AFFF, and protein type air foams are also effective. Geon vinyls are "ordinary combustibles" (NFPA defined Class A). Carbon dioxide is not generally recommended for use on Class A fires as a lack of cooling capacity may result in reignition. SECTION III PHYSICAL DATA (Typical data, not specifications) Solubility in Water -- Slight Specific Gravity (HzO = 1) -- Range: 1.15-1.55 Appearance and Odor Pigmented or unpigmented pellets or powder, Practically odorless or bland odor. The appearance of pellet com pound will vary from cubical granules measuring approx imately 3/16-inch per side to spheres to wafers depen ding upon manufacturing method. Other Characteristics such as vapor pressure, vapor density, boiling point and evaporation rate are not applicable to solid materials such as vinyl compound. Special Fire Fighting Procedure Wear positive pressure, Self-Contained Breathing Ap paratus (SCBA). Personnel not having suitable respiratory protection must leave the area to prevent significant ex posure to toxic combustion gases from any source. In enclosed or poorly ventilated areas, wear SCBA during cleanup immediately after a fire as well as during the attack phase of firefighting operations. Combustion Products When forced to burn, the primary combustion gases from vinyl compound will be hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Other gases will include small amounts of benzene and aromatic and" aliphatic hydrocarbons. Plasticized compounds will also contribute aliphatic olefins. The combustion products of vinyl resin, like those from other natural and synthetic materials, must be considered toxic. Like wood, paper and cotton, the major hazard is carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide is an asphyxiant while hydrogen chloride is an irritant. When vinyl is burn ed, it will have a detectable, pungent odor. / C /' V BFG50175 Unusual Fire and Explosion Hazards Hydrogen chloride has a corrosive effect on many metals. Affected equipment surfaces and unprotected structural elements of buildings should be washed to remove corrosive deposits as soon as possible after depositions have occured. Pellet compound does not represent any explosion risk because of its large particle size. Powder compound may have dust explosion potential because of fine par ticle size fillers and additives or liquids added to vinyl resin. For plasticized powder compound, the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) reports the following for a PVC/plasticizer mixture (i.e., 67% PVC/33% dioctyl phthalate):* Explosibility index: 2.9 (Strong) Ignition sensitivity: 3.6 (Strong) Explosion severity: 0.8 (Moderate) Ignition temp., dust cloud: 320C (608F) * NFPA 654-1975, "Prevention ot Dust Explosions in the Plastics Inaustry". Because of the wide variety of possible ingredient com binations, operations using plasticized or unplasticized powder compound should be evaluated on an in dividual basis. Implement precautions to control or eliminate likely sources of ignition, such as static build up. Maintain good housekeeping, notably, ventilation, to prevent accumulation of potentially explosive dust concentrations. Properly maintain and operate dust control devices. SECTION V TOXICOLOGICAL PROPERTIES Threshold Limit Value None established. Effects of Overexposure ' There are no significant health hazards from vinyl com pound at ambient temperature (see Dust Exposure). No adverse health effects are expected from process ing vinyl compound when potential exposures are minimized by good industrial hygiene practice and adequate ventilation. Nevertheless, individual additives and/or various combinations of additives may affect the overall toxicological properties. Detailed studies have not been performed on each of the many possible ad ditive combinations. At processing temperatures, ad ditives may emit fumes and vapors that are irritating to the respiratory tract, eyes or skin of some sensitive people. This depends upon processing technique and temperature, volume processed and, most importantly, the effectiveness of exhaust ventilation provided to the process area. Inhalation of decomposition or combustion products, especially hydrogen chloride, will cause irritation of the respiratory tract, eyes and skin. Depending on the severity of exposure, physiological response will be coughing, pain and inflammation, Individuals with bronchial asthma and other types of chronic obstruc tive respiratory diseases may develop bronchspasm if exposure is prolonged. SPECIAL NOTE: Hydrogen chloride is detectable by its sharp, pungent odor in concentrations as low as 1-5 ppm. Low concentrations (below 50 ppm) are not harm ful in short-term exposures, but do provide excellent warning properties by causing coughing or irritation. Because the protective response is so strong, humans rarely submit to damaging concentrations -- instead, there is an unmistakable urge to leave the area. Repeated or prolonged exposure to high concentrations can cause eye and respiratory damage. In studies sponsored by the Federal Aviation Administration, no incapacitation, no impairment to escape and no significant post-exposure effects occurred in baboons exposed to hydrogen chloride up to 11,400 ppm (1.14%). OSHA has establish ed a ceiling limit of 5 ppm for workplace exposure to hydrogen chloride. Dust Exposure (Geon Vinyl Compound/Rigid Powder) Fine particle size additives in powder compound may result in airborne dust. Routine inhalation of dust of any kind should be avoided. Exercise care when dumping bags, sweeping, mixing or doing other tasks which can create dust. Where large amounts of any dust may oc cur, wear a respirator approved by NIOSH/MSHA to pro tect against nuisance dust. SECTION VI REACTIVITY DATA Stability -- Stable Hazardous Polymerization -- Will not occur Hazardous Decomposition Products Hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and small amounts of benzene and aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Plasticized compounds will also contribute aliphatic olefins. Incompatibility (materials to avoid) Avoid contact with acetal or acetal copolymers and with amine containing materials during processing. At processing conditions these materials are mutually destructive and involve rapid degradation. Thoroughly purge and mechanically clean processing equipment to avoid even trace quantities of these materials from coming in contact with each other. Prevent cross contamination of feedstocks. `SrS* ^3' jfrj? Re fiL* qaJf y* SECTION VII PREVENTATIVE MEASURES Steps to be taken in case material is released or spilled Vacuum or sweep into a closed container for reuse or disposal. Waste Disposal Method Dispose of waste in a licensed landfill or by incineration in accordance with federal, provincial and local regula tions. For waste disposal purposes, Geon vinyl com pounds are not defined or designated as hazardous. If incinerated, be aware that hydrogen chloride is generated. BFG50176 SECTION VIII FIRST AID MEASURES Emergency and First Aid Procedure If irritation persists from exposure to processing vapors or decomposition products, remove the affected in dividual from the area. Call a physician. Provide protec tion before allowing reentry. SECTION IX PREPARATION INFORMATION Prepared by: BFGoodrich WHM1S Co-ordinators Date: February, 1989 TRANSPORTATION For Domestic transportation purposes, vinyl cc.mpounas are not classified as Hazardous by Transport Canaoa under the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION Ventilation Prov.de effect've exhaust ventilation to draw dust and/or fumes away Horn workers to prevent routine m.haiation. Compounding, hot me t processing (extruding, molding, etc ), cutting or sawing, machining, regrinding, heat welding, thermoforming, and other p'ocessing or post processing operations involving heat sufficient to result m polymer breakdown should be examined to ensure adequate venCation. Ventilation gu ceimes and techniques may be found in the foiiowmg Dedications. -- NIOSH Recommended Inaustriaf Ventilation Guidelines. GPO f?0:7-033-00136-7. Available from the Superintendent or Documents, U.S. Government Punting Office, Washington, DC 20402 (SS.00 U.S. as .4 "T of Decemicer 1984) 7^-- industrial Ventilation, 18th Edition. Available Horn the .* American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. 6500 Glenway Ave., Bldg. D-5, Cincinnati, '*' Ohio 45211 ($15.00 U.S. as of December 1984). Respiratory Protection Not normally required. Abnormal conditions such as equipment malfunction, use of improper equipment or procedures, or hangup cr stagnation of compound dur ing processing may cause decomposition. Employees involved in removing decomposing material should be provided with suitable air-suppiied respirators, such as NIOSH/M3HA - approved positive pressure, selfcontained breathing apparatus. Protective Equipment Not normally required. Wear protective gloves when handling hot materia! during processing. Safety glasses are recommended for all industrial workplaces. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS Normal Melt Processing. Virtually all thermoplastic materials will emit fumes and/or vapors when heated to processing temperatures. The concentration and com position of these vapors will depend upon variables such as the specific compound formulation anc processing method and temperature. Always use vinyl compound under well-ventrated condHcns and avoid continued or prolonged breathmg of process vapors. Fcr persona1 hygiene, wash thoroughly after processing compound, esoec'aliy before eat'rg. smoking or using to facilities Do not store or consume food in processing areas. Do not use processing equipment to heat food. Cleanup folowmg normal melt processing should be performed under we'l-ventilated conditions Vinyl com pound may be held at process temperatures for a shod time without significant thermal degradation, However, it should be recognized that exposure to either elevated temperature or excessive heat history (time) will result m decomposition. 'Equipment should not be shut down fo' extended time periods with compound m it. or decom position and possible corrosion of unprotected metal may result. If dies and screws are not to fce cleaned manual ly, then compound should be purged from processing equipment prior to shutdown using specia. v nyl purge compound or a compatable themoplasdc such as general purpose ABS (do not use rlame-retardecf or halogen-containing grades for this pjrpcsel * time ana temperature required to initiate deg'adam-i .v1 vary decen- d;og upon processing techr que. deg'ee of comoounc stao-iization ana other factors. As a generai ru'e-of-tbumb, degraoatio- oag'.ns to occur about one nour at 177C (3503F), about tan rrm^tes .v (470 -~) and within five minutes a; 232C (450F) In case of power loss or other mishap, shut off the machine and dismantle the die assembly as soon as possible before degradation or decomposition begins, if decomposition begins (with gassing and ' popping" sounds) before the die can be disassembled, dangerous ly high pressure may occur m the die system. In this event, shut off the machine, clear the area cf personnel and wait until decomoosition stops. Thorougmy ventilate the area. Remove and disassemble the c;e system. These are guidelines only. Refer to teenn cal service reports and bulletins (such as BFGoodrich Bulletin G-63 ''Injection Molding Guide, Rigid Geon* Vinyls) and to equipment manufacturer's recommendations for further information. Regrinding scrap normally generates substantial heat. Coo) regrind before placing it in containers. The excellent insulating quality of vinyl will prevent heat m the center of a container from escaping, potentially result ng m slow thermal decomposition of the material. This may not only render the product unsatisfactory for further processing but also results in fumes and vapors being released into the workplace atmosphere. Remove vinyl resin from walkways and floors to prevent slippery footing. Always wear rubber gloves wnen clean ing condensate from exhaust equipment or other surfaces. BFG50177 Sprinklered warehouse areas are recommended. Although vinyl resin by itself will not support combustion, materials such as wooden pallets, cardboard boxes and other combustibles can provide sufficient fuel to cause vinyl to burn. SPECIAL NOTE: Compound at or above normal pro cessing temperature must never be allowed to ac cumulate m thick masses, or it will begin to thermally decompose and to swell due to internal gass.ng Gass ing may cause a large mass to explode if its outside surface is hardened. Molten waste should be collected as strands or flattened to 2-inches or less, and quenched in a drum of cold water provided for this purpose. Decomposing material should be removed to a wellventilated area, preferably outdoors. DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY As the conditions or methods of use are beyond our con trol. we do not assume any responsibility and expressly disclaim any liability for any use of this material. Infor mation contained herein is believed to be true and accu'ate but all statements or suggestions are made without wa/'anty. expressed or implied, regarding accuracy of the information, the hazards connected with the use of the material or the results to be obtained for the use themes Compliance with all applicable federal, state and iooa. laws and regulations remains the responsibility of the user HAZARD CODES Hazard Code Key 4 = Extreme 3 High 2 Moderate 1 Slight 0 Insignificant NFPA7041 HEALTH HAZARD FLAMMABILITY HAZARD REACTIVITY HAZARD MAXIMUM PERSONAL PROTECTION 0 1 0 * .. J 'Wear safety glasses. Wear gloves and/or dust respirator when needed. (1) National Fire Protection Association. (2) Hazardous Materials Identification System. National Paint and Coatings Association. v: 3" K BFG50178 filFGoodrich B.F.Goodrich Canada Inc. 195 Columbia St. W. 'aterloo, Ontario N2G 4N9 (519) 888-4318 & N Csi BFGoodrich The information contained herein is believed to be reliable, but no representations, guarantees or warranties of any kind are made as to its accuracy, suitability for particular applica tions or the results to be obtained therefrom. The intormation is based on laboratory work with small-scale equipment and does not necessarily indicate end product performance Because of the variations in methods, conditions and equip Pnnted m Canada ment used commercially in processing these materials, no warranties or guarantees are made as to the suitability of the products lor the applications disclosed. Fut-scale testing and end product performance are the responsibitty of the user. SFGoodrich shall not be liable for and the customer assumes all risk and liability of any use or handing at arty material beyond BFGoodrich'8 direct control. THE SELLER MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT UMRED TO, THE IMPUEO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Nothing contained herein to be considered as permission, recommendation, nor as an inducement to prac tice any patented invention without permisacn of the patent owner. BFG50179