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AR226-2254
ASH028132 EID781412
EID781412
9 Benefits ofFluoropolymers, Role ojhs^ and Researc
C-8. Alternatives
APFO Toxicology Review
Multi-Media Consent Order w/ WVDEP
Confidential DuPont Business Information
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Major IiSttstnes Served by
Fluoropolymers/elastomers
Aerospace/Military Automotive/Transportation
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Chemical/Petrochemical Processinj
Semiconductor/Electronics Manufad
Telecommunications Power Generation/Pollution Control
Consumer Housewares
Confidential DuPont Business Information
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ASH028139 EID781419
EID781419
Chemical^etrochemicals
Key requirements: Chemical and applications temperature
resistance; non-stick
Major uses: Lined pipes,valves, pumps * Tank and reactor linings
* Gaskets, seals
* Wire insulation
Societal benefits: Worker and
public safety; industry
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- Confidential DuPont Business Information
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ASH028141 EID781421
EID781421
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resistant filter bags
s Radiation resistant wire insulation .
8 Expansion joints
Societal benefits: Fewer emissions to the environment; worker and public safety; process reliability
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Confidential DuPont Business Information,
Major uses:
- LAN Cab]
9 Mainframe wirin
9 Satellite wiring
* Fiber optic cladding and cable
Societal benefits: Public safety;
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ASH028144 EID781424
EID781424
FluoropoI^Bor Applications
Summary
Fluoropolymers provide imiqu^ad criti
performance properties in "systeirfctocal
applications that protect and benefinBfc
and the environment.
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For virtually all applications, fluoropolymers are the only materials tha
meet system performance needs.?
e Application design and best-available
technology based on fluoropolymers.
Confidential DuPont Business Information
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FluoropoIytBor Applications
Summary (bontd.)
Original Equipment technolog^Mid
investment based on fluoropolym^^
Not-in-kind technologies for some ^1
applications have negative environmeil impact and/or are cost prohibitive.
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FLUOROFOLYMERS PROCESSING
AND ApftbICATIONS
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(Coagulated Dispersion)
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ConjBdential DuPont Business Information
INGREDIENTS
>Monomer(s) with extremely high purity
>Water (demineralized) ^Initiator (an oxidizing agent with high purity)
>Surfactant (noiit-telogenic, high purity) > Optional other ingredients
EQUIPMENT
> Gently stirred heated reactor
Confidential DuPont Business Information
ASH028150 EID781430
EXD781430
ASH028151 EID781431
EID781431
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PHASES OF SURFACTANT EVALUATION
Surfactant v Design and synthesis. V Prepare candidates in a quantity large enough for researcfi^B|^evaluado V Getsamples of suitable surfactants from non-DuPont source
Polymerization
A Experiment with variety of product lines where the candidate may be suitable.
A Evaluate processing perfonnance in post-reactor steps. A Characterize products and compare the properties and application
performance with standard products.
Health and Environmental
>Toxicological/persistence testing at Haskell Lab.
Total Assessment
After gathering all of the above, assess if a large scale test is appropriate
Confidential DuPont Business Infonnation .
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> Low Persistence, Bioaccumula
> Allows High-Quality Polymer
> Does Not Affect Performance In Use
Confidential DuPont Business Information
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ASH028156 EXD781436
EID781436
cal Summary
> Fluoropolymers can be made into useMparts only when they ha high molecular weight. For some applications, extremely high
molecular weight is critical.
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> The majority ofDuPonfs products are dispersion poj|[MBzeda
require very pure ingredients, including the surfactant,iHgtoe
molecular weight.
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> Impurities containing hydrogen cause a significant reduction u molecular weight.
> All of the above create a limit in the choice of surfactant. C-8 is
currently me only suitable surfactant for most fluoropDiymers, an used by DuPont and other manufacturers worldwide.
> Over the last 30 years, DuPont has invested substantial resources find an alternative to C-8 but has been unsuccessful.
Confidential DuPonf Business Information
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sefrtSLdia
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Indusl^Qroups
Association of Plastics Man^fiacture Europe (APME)
Society of Plastics Industry
Fluoropolymer Manufacturing Group
(SPI-FMG)
Confidential DuPont Business Information
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Industry Grot^Activities
Global Material Balance ^^^^
Toxicity and Environmental Testijnq Volimtary Commitment to Contain DuPont Technology Sharing
~ Capture for Destruction - license free ~ Capture for Recycle
Alternatives Discussion
Confidential DuPont Business Information
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C-8 History at^a^mgton Wo^
1950s: Surfactants used for PTFE^p^lymerization, C selected as surfactant forDuPont PTE^aroduction.
1970s: C-8 use expanded to co-polymer and ^
fluoroelastomer production. Alternatives first iirl
Late 1970s: C-8 persistence first recognized in work< Began programs to reduce worker exposure.
1989: DuPont installs first C-8-specific scrubber.
Confidential DuPont Business Information
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CiSrrentC-8 Emission Reductioh-foograms
All major emission points hav<?
device installed.
Efficiency varies from >90% to about
due to technological difficulties. Additional programs identified to take to site emissions to <5 tonnes/yr. .
Confidential DuPont Business Information
i
covery Project
Program Upgrade water Removal Facility Capture/Destroy C-8 In Supemate Waste Improve Efficiency ofCopolymer scrubbers < Capture Particulate from Fine Powder Scrubber Increase C-8 Recovery Facility Efficiency Alter Emission point Design' Recover C-8 from Wastewaters
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Confidential DuPont Business Information
ASH02Q166
EID781446
EID781446
Smnmar^ofEfforts to Reduce
Emissions aMsBxposure
DuPont has been working on C-8 emission^gduction fo
years.
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^H More than $15 million invested since 1988; anom----^
planned by 2003.
75% of C-8 recovered or destroyed in 2001; will be mw 90% by 2004. Rest of industry capturing Uttle or none. ^
DuPont making recovery/recycle technology available to
competitors.
Working with EPA and other agencies to increase knowl
Confidential DuPont Business Information
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LETART LANDFILL
WASHINGTON WORKS FACILITY/ LOCAL LANDFILL
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DuPONT WASHINGTON WORKS PROPERTIE
ASH02B170
EID781450
EID781450
Confidential
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^^TtrteHtial Sources of C-8 m
Little HockingTuMic Water System
Groundwater migration from Wa^hmgton Works, site.
Updating groundwater model to include inteiiadon provided
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Will be sampling groundwater in LHPWS momtoMMffi^ells t
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discern direction of source.
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Air deposition from plant emissions migrating to ^a
groundwater. Ambient Air and deposition modeling (EPA models) complet
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Will combine depositionwith modeling of transport from sur
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to groundwater (using established EPA protocols -or crop protection chemical studies).
Will compare results to measurements to determine if depos
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significant contributor.
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Confidential DuPont Business Information
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^To determine whether there has been any^l^ct on hu
health or the environment as aresultofreleas^B^^S
environment from DuPont operations."
^Entered into with WVDEP and WVDHpR
-EffectiveNov 15, 2001
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Confidential DuPont Business Information
Consent Order^Reguirement # 1
A. Establish a Ground-water Investigation
Team (G
Purpose: Assess presence and extent of C8
:in
groundwater, surface water at and around WW
* WVDEP, WVDHHR, ERA Region III, DuPont
^Funded by DuPont ^Report findings and conclusions regarding groundwat "Report recommendations regarding further work or ac
Confidential DuPont Business Information
Key Tasks^the GIST
Groundwater use and well survey Identify and sample all groundwater wells
radius ofWW and landfills, with provisions to el
sampling range based upon results 9 Assess groundwater and surface water monitoring data' develop a groundwater monitoring plan and schedule 9 Determine the extent of any C8 impacted groundwater
Confidential DuPont Business Information
Confidential DuPont Business Information
Requirement #3
C. Establish a "C-8 Assessment ofToxicity flte^(CAT T
Purpose: Assess the toxicity and risk to hmnaSI^Ah
environment associated with exposure to C-8 relea^M
DuPont activities
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WVDEP, WVDHHR, EPA Region III, NICS, ATSD3
Funded by DuPont
Report findings and conclusions as to what extent ther
of health risk associated with C-8 at the facilities
Confidential DuPont Business Information
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Key Tasks of^heCAT Team
Hold Public Meeting to introduce the pan^tt^ relate hist
C8 levels in LPSD water, relate ensuing activTBfc^aiidin
participation in sampling and survey efforts (DOIMH^
Review available toxicology and epidemiological dXr
Develop Screening Levels for protecting human health
Conduct a risk assessment comparing exposures to Scre<
Levels
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Second Public Meeting to present results of GIST and C
Team efforts, air modeling results, and any further action
Confidential DuPont Business Information
Requireta^nt #4
D. Air Emissions Modeling Assessment ^^,
Provide information to WVDEP DAQ to
including:
building dimensions
allowable and actual emission rates
stack parameters
physical property data
particle characterization
scavenging coefficients
Confidential DuPont Business Information
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E. C-8 Reduction Program
1. Limit overall C8 emissions to air to year^NMXl)evels
^H^. report emissions monthly, transitioningtoqfcjglyup
issuance of Screening Level
2. Reduce emissions to air and discharges to water conoH
50% from actual 1999 levels by year-end 2003
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3. Operate and maintain filter and carbon bed system wiw
90-95% C8 removal efficiency in major CS-containing
wastewater stream
4. Install improved scrubber filter in Fluoropolymer area 5. Conduct scrubber optimization and recovery improveme
program and implement if encouraging
Confidential DuPont Business Infonnation
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ASH02B182 EID781462
EID781462