Document X8n49xZKdYoaYZrQMzwkXve8x

(0 0. J2< p\ Air Hygiene Foundation of America, Inc*, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Ft. June l, 1S37 \ A. News Items 291. OHIO LEGISL-TIO!:. SILICOSIS .'.DIED TO LIST OF COJTENSA.BLE DISEASES. Ohio State lied. J* 3S_, 562-563 (May, 1037). The bill Mentioned in abstract No, 115 has been passed to take effect on or about August 1. Silicosis is defined as "a disease of the lungs caused by breathing silica dust, producing fibrous nodules, distributed through the lungs and demonstrated by x-ray examination or autopsy." Various provisions of the law arc reviewed and a revised list of occupational diseases now included is given. (Fuller information will bo given in our Legal Bulletin or nay be ob tained fr-r. the Ohio State Board of Health.) 292. TURKMEN'S COOENSATION LAWS COVERING DOST DISEASES. Ceram. Ind. 28, 297-8 374-6 (April, 1937). A brief summary of the laws of a few representative states. (The April number of CERAMIC INDUSTRY contains a number of general papers of interest, which are abstracted ir. this bulletin. Copies are obtainable fran Industrial Publica tions, Inc*, 59 E* Van Bures St., Chicago, 111. at 50 cents each.) 293. PRECIPITATES DUST ELECTRICALLY. Foundry, 65, 95 (March 1937.) This is a brief description of the electrical precipitator developed by Westinghouse and now applied to industrial air cleaning field by the Pangborn Corpora tion. It is claimed that its use in industry provides the advantages of dust and func collection by electrical means within the range of general application at economical installation and operating costs. The unit consists of S essen tial parts, the collector plate cells, the ionising assembly and the power pack. The grounded plates whore the dust is collcotcd are cleaned at necessary inter vals by washing, rapping or blwring with an air jet, (For information address Pangborn Ccrp., Hagerstown, lid.) 294. CLEANING AIR WITH ELECTRICITY. Heating Vent. 34 , 70 (March, 1937). Clean air will be supplied Hi is summer to the FicTd Building in Chicago, by tho addition of electrostatic air cleaners to its air conditioning system in the lower arcade and first four stories. The air cleaning equipment will have a capacity of 272,700 cu ft. per min. and an expected efficiency of over 99% by weight of dust particles removed. It is said to remove particles as small as l/5 micron, and to operate on a current consumption of 10 kw* It will consist of 18 units and tho installation is expected to bo completed during July. 295. BRITISH USE ALUMINA IN SILICOSIS FIGHT. Ceram. Ind. 28, 296 (April, 1937). Due to the high death rate caused by silicosis among pottery workers, several British potteries have substituted alumina for silica for the bedding material during firing. Three large fims are using alumina exclusively, and most of tt. smaller potteries will probably follow their example. In the United States, several plants have been using powdered kaolin in plaee of sand for several years. (See note on abstract 291.) HWBB-0009567 2 :i C y References to Recent Litoratur - 2 296. COURT DECISIONS . . SILICOSIS SUITS Ceram. Ir.d. 28_, 295-6 A review of o number of car-.G illustrating v-riouE phr.sea of the silicosis situation. The status cf lav-s in vr.ricus st'tcs is presented more fully in another paper :-r-^ -n our -'tt'-l Bulletins, but sen'; interesting side-lights nr to be found in this article. (See note on abstract 292.) 297. SIDES ELL'.T*.'. IED =V SUPER-SOUND WAVES. Power Plant Eng., 41, 174 (No, 5, 1937) J, Frank. Ir.st. 223, 510 (Apr. 1937); Sei, News Let. 31, 148^ (1937). A popular account of lectures and demonstrations of coagulation of smoke by supersonic waves, by K. *>V. St. Clair of the U, S. Bureau of Mines. Several other abstracts have referred to this process, and a full account will prob ably be given in a future publication of the Bureau of Mines. 298. ELARD IS EXCELIENT SILICOSIS PREVENTIVE. Ceram. Ind. 23, 418 (May, 1937). "Ar. ir.qu: ry recently instituted among c. group of masonry workers showed that clean-shaver- workers suffered by far the most from silicosis. Thoso with strong moustaches got along much better while the workers with fVill bushy beards and moustaches were practically immune frem silicosis. Tho obvious ex planation was that the moisture of the breath on the Hal* formed a very officion filter and one which men could not take off." (Tho above is included as an itei of interest, but it should be added that no authoritative reports of such an investigation have appeared.) General and Scientific Papers 299. TALC DUS? IN TuS RUBBER I'.DUS TRY. Chfes R. Williams. Safety Eng., 73, 49-51 (April 1937). Talc is used in the rubber industry as a dusting agent to prevent pieces of unvulcanizcd rubber from sticking together, end is disseminated into the air in large quantities. The question of permanent lung damage from this inhalation of dust has been raised, but tiicrc has beer, little work done in connection with tho problem. ..ccording to Drecssen and Dalla Vnllc disabling pneumoconiosis is not produced, but there is evidence of a "fine diffuse bilatoral fibrosis of the lungs which is definitely demonstrable in the x-ra.y." The author reports a survey of 9 representative rubber plants using talc. The duct concentrations found with tho impingor varied frem 7 to 194 million par* tides per cubic foot. The quartz content of the dust is very low, usually only a trace. Recomundntions for reducing the hazard include careful handling which can be automatic in the panning operations, isolation of dusty operations use of talc with a high oarbonatc content, and use of respirators. (Reprints may be obtained from the author. Engineering Dept*, Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., Boston, Mass.) 300, PSEUD0TU3ERCUL0KA SILICOTUK. J. S. Faulds. J. Path, and Bnct., 129-135 (July, 1936). Two eases of subcutaneous pseudotuberculoma, caused by implantation of siliceo- material with no tubercle bacilli, are doscribed. They are similar to thoso previously described under the name psoudotubcrculoma silicoticum. In tho twr eases, 23 and 10 years respectively elapsed between the injury end the devel opment of tho tumor. Polarized light wns successfully amployed in examination of the mineral substanco. HWBB-0009568 MHBB-B009S69 References to ReoenJ- Litoratv.ro - 3 301, sickeess ahoy: iv.le Industri x employees ruRi:;o t?e third suartfr and the first 9 t.DNIHS OF 1936, 0. K. Srur.clage, D. S. Put, Health Repts.* 52, 127-129 (Jar., 29, 1937). The total number of oases of illness lasting 2 days or longer, among 164,000 male industrial employes (exclusive of venereal diseases) rose fron 87 per 1000 in 1935 to 91,8 per 1000 in the third quarter and first 9 months of 1936* The morbidity rates for new cases of tuberculosis of the respiratory system are un- prcccdently low for the third quarter. Pneumonia increased over the some periods while a nvr.ber of ether diseases were lower than in the same period of 1935.' The figures are conveniently tabulated. (The Report of the above date is ob tainable from the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D* C. for 5 cents cash.) 302, discussion o? industrial ;.ccidiots and diseases. 1935 convention of the iy- TEIOOITIOYAL ASSOCIATION OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENT BOARDS AID COEKISSIONS, AS2E- /CiS VILLE, NORTH C.'.ROLIN- ( TJ. S. Dept. Labor, Div. Labor Standards, Bull, no. 4, 1936.) The following thro, abstracts summarise the papers of greatost interest among a number of others presented at this meeting. Those not abstracted include a fc-v others on various aspects of pneumoconiosis and a larger number on preventic of occupational discuses and aceidcnts, worbnen's compensation and its admin istration and other matters of general interest. (The entire report is ob tainable from the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C., for 20 oents casfi,) 303. ESSENTIALS IY "T-E DrCYOSIS OF SILICOSIS A"D TUBERCULOSIS. L. U, Gardner. (U. S. Dept. L-1:or, Div. Labor Standards Bull. no. 4, 1936). The author begins by defining pneumoconiosis as "a condition of the lungs re sulting from the prolonged inhalation of dust." The condition becomes a dis ease only .'.hen serious charges producing symptoms occur. An outline of the types of dust is oc:: presented, with emphasis on the point of "adequate ex posure" and the importance of a good occunati -"..al history. The pathological and rocntgennlc-ic-1 features of silicosis and .rsbcstnsis are reviewed con cisely, A discussion of symptoms end prevention concludes the paper, (See note on abstract 302.) 304, RELATIONSHIP OF ASBESTOS IS AND SILICOSIS TO DISABILITY. R. R. Sayers, (U. S. Dept. Labor, Div, Labor Standards, bull. no. 4, 1936). The definition of "silicosis drawn up by the American Public Health Association is followed by the author's equally full definitions of asbestosis end of dis ability. The Increased lost time due to respiratory infections among workers in dusty atmospheres, as compared to other workers, is demonstrated. In one of the dustiest occupations, that of hand pneumatic cutters in the granite in dustry, v.-hcrc the dust is high in silica, the time lost from such illness is four times as great as among workers exposed to minimum quantities of Industrie' dust. Tables of anthraco-silicosis and associated respiratory infection and of mortality from respiratory tuberculosis are included. (For reprints sec abstract No. 302.) 305. PNETixocCNIOSIS. R. Hunt. (U.S, Dept Labor, Div. Labor Standards, Bull no. 4 1936). The author considers "pneumoconiosis" as a general term very broad in scope and referring to r-rcscnoc^ rf any dust in the lungs. A review of the pathology of the pneumoconioses is fol].o"."-'d by a more detailed discussion of that of silico sis. He states that "silica is soluble in the weak body alkalies, producing  '0 0) m References to Recent Literature - 4 a toxin or poison, which "so alters the immediate surrounding tissue that it loses its resistance and becomes incapable of protecting itself against the invasion of foreign bacteria.'1 "Roughly speaking, an atmosphere containing 5 to 25 million particles (of silica dust) per cubic foot, may produce sil icosis in from 5 to 25 years, and about 25% of all dust workers will eventual contract the disease." The history, physical examination, x-ray examination I dust counts or.d th progress of silicosis after exposure has ceased, arc briefly discussed. Silica found in the lungs at autopsy amounts to 2 to 50% of the total ash. Authorities hesitate to call an amount less than 1555 ab normal. (For reprints see abstract No. 302.) 306. TRE EEALTE 0? CEMENT V.'OFJiERS. A. J. R. Curtis. Pit and Quarry, 71, 66-70 (April 1927). The results of several years' research work in plants of the Portland Cement Association are presented. The study included respiratory, abdominal, di gestive and miscellaneous -isorders. There is little evidence of silicosis among cement workers, as may be anticipated from the very low content of free silica (about 255). The death rate for tuberculosis among cement workers is only one-half that for all males in the U. S. Registration Area. Minor re spiratory diseases are conmon but cannot be associated with dust exposure. Rheumatism and arthritis are the most important miscellaneous illnesses. Other diseases are discussed briefly. (This office will have information about reprints on inquiry.) 307. CONDITIONS OF WORK 2ND MORBIDITY AMONG WORKERS AT A THOMAS SLAG MILL. A. G. Kalashian. Gigiena truda i tek. bezopasnosti (Russian) no. 6, 93-94 (1936) Very high dust concentrations were found at tho Thomas slag mill of the metal lurgical plant at Kerch. Respiratory diseases are much more frequent among workers in this departeent than elsewhere in the plant. The author advises dust control, careful selection of workers, medical supervision and occa sional transfer to less dusty places 308. MANGANESE PNEUMONIA. E. Bander. Aerztlich. Sachverstand. Zt, (German) 43, 75-81 (1937). ^particular case of pneumonia in a worker handling pyroluslte in making dry cells led to a bibliographical study of manganese and limonite mining in various countries. A high incidence of lung inflammation, including many fatal cases, was found in -ail countries. In the case described, manganese dust was found in tho lungs, clthough there was no change in tho connective tissue. 309. THE HIST PROJECTOR FOR SUPPRESSING DUST AND JUKES AFTER SHOT-FIRING -- HOLMANTiETEERILL MIST PROJECTOR. P. S. Hay. Iron and Coal Trados Rov. 132, 580 (Mar. 27, 1936). Discussion of this paper at various moetings is carried through sew. ml later issues. Spraying systems and other wetting procosses for laying dust in mines are generally ineffective, because the comparatively small number of coarse drops is insufficient to bring than into contact with all the dust. This difficult; is obviated by tho use of a fine spray, and various mechanical moans of pro ducing a fine mist were tried. Experiments were made on (l) the optimum size of the water particle, (2) the design of projector to give the most effective mist, (3) the addition of small amounts of wotting reagents, and (4) tho ef fect ir. dealing with fumes and smoke from explosives, which have been shown to accelerate the development of silicosis. The addition of alkalies was ef fective in absorbing these gases, but it was brought out in the discussion MJfofi-0009570 2 f3 -.a References to Recent Literature - 5 that the olkali dries on the- clothing and bodies of miners. A smell apparatus embodying the results of the research was found to reduce tho dust concentra tion to about 17$. Vi'ith the Holmes-Yfothcrill mist projector a small quantity of castor oil is fed into the air stream ar.d atomized with the water. The oil retards evaporation and consequent drying of the dust* Mine tests shewed that BOfa of the dust pro duced by blasting was wetted and deposited near the source of production. Al though this projector is still in an early state* the results obtained give promise of greater comfort for the worker. The dust particles remaining in suspension are mostly 0.5 to 2 microns in diameter. The mist projector is mast effective where the ventilation is sluggish* (No reprints are available, but the material may be published later in n report* Copies of the magazine are obtainable through G. E. Stechcrt 4 Co, 31 E* 10th St., New York City.) 310* THE 'aCROT.irTEIC ES7IM.TI0N OF QUARTZ IN ROCKS. S. H. Shaw. Bull. Inst. Min. & ifet. 385, IP and 336, 9-22 (1936) Tho object of the invest:grtion was to check tho chemical estimation of quartz or frei silica Sr. rocks by the micronctric method and to determine the re liability of the latter. (This method applies to material in the rock and cannot be used for dust or fine particles.) The Delasse-Rosiwal method is ap plicable to any homogeneous rock. A representative plane surfaeo is prepared, and the sum of the intercepts made by any constituent on a sufficiently long line, divided fv tho length c-f tho line, is taken as the vol\ane fraction of the I constituent. The chemical estimations of free silica were made by a "rational analysis" method, in which the powdered sample is treated alternately with acid and alkaline solutions so that only the silica and refractory silicates, mostly crthoclase, remain. The residue is analysed for alumina, a proportion of sil ica sufficient to make crthoclase is assigned to the aluminn, and the remainder is taken as free silica. The chemical ar.d micromotric analyses chock satisfactorily for igneous rooks. In sedimontary rocks such as sandstones, the micrametrie method gives low re sults as compared ivith the chemical, probably because fine-grained quartz may be overlooked. In shales, clays, etc., the discrepancy would be still greater and the micromotric method is unsuitable. The presence of carbonates oauses especially low results for quartz. (These culletins arc obtainable through G. E. Stechurt 4 Co., 31 E. 10th St., New York City.) 311. DUST PREVENTION fd-TD ELIMINATION. Ceram. Ind. 28, 299-302, 339-41 (April 1937). A general discussion of the necessity of cleanliness and methods of dust de termination and collection is followed by a description of means actually used and found successful in pottery, glass and enamel plants, with a number of il lustrations'* In the pottery industry, the most difficult problem is in the handling of potter's flint or feldspar high in free silica. Shipping in double bags is a partial solution, but spraying water at the time of loading is better. In other operations properly designed exhaust systems have proved successful. After a dust survey had boor, conducted and improvements made, no dust concentra tion of over 1 million particles per cubic foot was found. In the glass in dustry the only hazard is in the handling of raw materials, and it has beon greatly reduced V" improvements such as unloading cars by suction, briquetting, dust boots "nd enclosed mixers. An enamel plant is easily oloaned to such an extent that the duct hazard bee ones negligible. In a plant studied positive pressure is used throughout the enamel shop. Tho greatest hazard is in sand blasting, where, suction for the enclosed room and positive pressure for the oper ator have beer, used successfully. In spraying and brushing operations a good down-draft exhaust is efficient. (See abstract 292.) HMBB-0009571 'w -vJ S_r 0 a References to Recent Literature - 6 312. AIRBORNE COAL DUoT -- ABATEMENT OF THE NUISANCE IN INTENSIVE CONVEYOR MINING. A. L. Davies. Colliery Guardian, 153, 755-758 (Oct. 23, 1936) Wetting of crushed coal in a dusty screening plant ims found to reduoe the dust by 99.5/ in the chamber under the truck tip and by SO?? in the vibrating screen room, without reducing the screen efficiency, Nozzles with 1/8 inch orifices, were used with a'water pressure of 40 lbs. per sq, in. The coal rate was about 50 tons per hour. (Periodical obtainable from Stechcrt as above4) 313. PREVENTION OF SMOKE /NO DUST EMISSION PROM CHIMNEYS. Naturo 139, 138-141 (Jon. 1337) In Great Britain 165 million tons of coal arc used annually, including 35 mil lion tons in domestic grates. The large industrial units are equipped with dust and cinder-catching devices, such as cyclones and settling chambers. The Cot trell process has boor, successfully applied to collecting fly ash, but it docs not affect the sulfur gases. In a large British power station If-million cubic feet of flue gr.s re scrubbed per minute to roduce the discharged sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide concentrations to reasonable figures. (Magazine ob tainable from the McMillan Co.) 314. HYDRAULIC COALFURSTING AT NE'DIGATE COLLIERY. D. S. Ncwcy. Trans. Instn. Min. Engrs., London, 92_, 274-252. DISCUSSION, 282-290 (Feb., 1937). This paper describes a new method of obtaining coal without tho use of ex plosives, thus avoiding noise, danger of explosions from shot-firing, formation of nitrous fumes, and danger to the roof, and producing a minimum quantity of dust. The coal burster is a stainless steel barrel bored at fixed Intervals to roceive pistons or plungers. A hole of small bore runs through the barrel and conE'.unicatoe v/ith each of the plunger cavities while the barrel it eosneoted to a pump. Operation of the- pump causes the plungers to emerge under pressure, usually for r. distance of 3^ inches. After the coal .is undercut, holes arc drilled in the coal to take the burster and the pressure is turned o*. The pressure developed is 4,000 to 5,000 pounds per square inch and the total force exerted is 50 or 60 tons. Tho coal is brought down in 2 or 3 minutos. (This office will have information on tho availability of reprints.) 315. MEDICAL ASPECTS OF SILICOSIS. Ceram. Ind. 28, 294,374. (April 1937). A brief discussion of the cause and course o? silicosis, the prevalence of the silicosis racket and the necessity for expert modioal examination. (See note on abstract 292). 316. SOME ASFECTS OF BLANKET COVERAGE OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IN THE UNITED STATES. L. R. Thompson. U. S. Pub. Health Repts., 5, 329-334 (March 19, 1937). Attention is oalled to tho groat diversity of workmen's compensation laws in this country. Occupational diseases are covered generally In only 8 states, in others only specified diseases arc covered, and in many no provision at all is made. Laws that cover only certain diseases have been criticizod as "unfair, illogical* nius* and ineffective," The change from no coverage to blanket coverage t<- Increase the rates by n`t v>:r 1^. r*, ' '* Statistics of the operation of the Wisconsin blanket law arc givon. Oppononts of the blanket law contend that the advantage of prompt payment is frequently lost. (Copies of the Report of above date arc obtainable from tho Superintend ent of Documents, Washington, D. C., for 10 cents cosh.) HUB8-0909572 HHflft-0009573 References to Recent Literature - 7 317. SILICOSIS - RACKS! OR RESPONSIBILITY? (instalment 1) Charles S. Pearce. Ceram Ind. 28, 140, 145 (Feb. 1937). The author cites ir.st.rr.ees of the "silicosis racket" in which physicians incom petent tc. diagnosis silicosis and unscrupulous lawyers ha-re had more influence on unintelligent juries than experts with carefully and scientifically prepared evidence. The author then considers tho actual danger in certain operations in the enamel industry. Sandblasting is a serious hazard, but the author's exper 2_r- ience with spraying and grinding with carborundum wheels convince him that they do not involve a silicosis hazard. (See note on abstract 292. but note that th is in tho February number.) 318. PREVENTION OF SILICOSIS BY IMPROVEMENTS IN PLANT WORKING CONDITIONS, (instalmor 0 2) Charles S. Pcarcc. Ceram. Ind. 2^, 342-344 (April 1937). A general paper on duet control, especially in the enanol industry, including exhaust systems, spraying booth's, respirators end positive pressure holments, (See acta on abstract 293.) C. Scientific papers on industrial poisons and other subjects exclusive of dust. 319. CHEMICAL CANCER E. vara Thcmsche. Ing. chim. (French) 20, 30-35 (1936). Cases of cancer due tc soct are twice as frequent in chimney sweepers as in any other occupation. Personal cleanliness and tightly fitting clothing around the neck and extremities aratho best preventives. Similar precautions in oases ex posed to gasoline, paraffins, oils end greases, and especially tar, pitch, rosin and aniline dyes, will do much toward preventing canoor caused by these sub stances. Strict.medical supervision and liie uses of processes which avoid con tact with the product will further reduce the danger. Tho derivatives 1,2 - benzopyror.c and 1, 2, 6, - dibenzanthracene are particularly aotive in forcing cancers. The author suggests a ohemdeal explanation of their action. 320. THE PHOSPHORUS COM'TNT OF BLOOD AND OF BONE IN VARIOUS TYPES OF EXPERIMENTAL POISONING; LEAD, MERCURY, CHROMIUM, PHOSPHORUS, STRONIUH AND FLUORINE. P. Cirla Med. del Lrv. (Italian) 28, 44-54 (1937). In lead and chromium poisoning the total phosphorus In the blood is increased, while the soluble portion is diminished. With strontium the total and lipoid phosphorus are increased, while in acute poisoning the inorganic and acid solubl fractions are deareased. In fluorine poisoning the blood phosphorus is variablr but it tends to remain stationary in phsophorus poisoning. The bone phosphorus in the epiphysial region tends to diminish in lead and chrcmiimt poisoning, while with lead and mercury it remains normal. It is much au^ented in fluorine and i acute strontium poisoning. 321. LEAD POISONING WITH SY7TTOMATOLOGY REFERRING TO TEE ALIMENTARY TRACT. L. Preti. Med. del Lav., 28 1-11 (1937). A discussion of a lead poisoning ease, including symptoms of the gastro-intestir tract and argument concerning the duty of the state toward workers so afflioted. 322. CHRONIC LEAD POISONING NIT" SY1UTOMATOLOGY REFERRING TO THE CARD10-VASCULASREMAL SYSTEM. L. Preti. Led. del Lav,, 28, 33-43 (1937) A detailed description of a case of lead poisoning in a varnisher, aged 46, is presented. The (Italian) legal implications of compensation and the question of beginning old age pension retirement for such an individual are discussed. HMBB-0009574 References to Recent Literature - 3 323 SIGNIFICANCE or '3.000 l-ICYURE, LEAD ELilTM. TICK IN THE URINE SY KEANS OF VARIOUS CALCIC!' IRE..*. 'CIONS .'13 THEIR EEL'. TIC-' TO IHOST HATE lETAEOLISN. IN- VESTIG.'riO"S OF ;:or:'. L lERSO'/S. F. Schmitt and VI. Basse. Arch. f. exp. Tathol. u. rha.rnc.kol (German) 134, 541-546 (Jar.. 15, 1937). A low calei'ri diet ir normal persons produces an increase of load in the blood and a shift of the total phosphorus in the- plasma. Calcium given intravenously or orally increases the total phosphorus, also the lead in the blood, sometimes /''s to values approaching values found in lead poisoning* There is a relation be tween calcium, total phosphorus and load, manifesting itself in a parallel in crease. 324. CAREON ITc::07IDE AS A TISSUE rOISOF. E. Schultzc. KLin. YTohnschr., (German) 16, 417-428 (1927). One of two groups of guinea pigs was exposed for 15 to 20 days, 2^ hours daily, to vary small amounts of oxygen, while the other was exposed 10 to 20 minutes daily to a carbon monoxide concentration of 0.5#. In the first group the thyroid > remained normal, while in the second, hypcrfunctior. developed. Therefore it is not deprivation of oxygen but carbon monoxide that causes these changes, the lat ter acting as a tissue poison. 325. THE TOXICITY OF INDTSTRI. L SOLVENTS. E. C. Harry. Faint fcr.nuf,, 6, 288-290 (1936). The important solvents and plasticizers are discussed with regard to solvent properties, uses arid disadvantages, especially poisonous properties. The author recommends that only the least toxic of the chlorinated hydrooarbons be used in paints, varnish strippers, and allied products and their presence should be shown on the wrapper of the container. Ketones, esters, and plasticisers cause but little damage. 326. POISON G..SES AND TKF. IETRGLEUI' INDUSTRY. S. J. !\. Auld. Ictroleum Tines, 35, 781-732 (1936). This paper deals with poisonous gases used in warfare and the possibility of de velopment of now gases from petroleum. Ethylene is a great potential source of war gas, with the possibility of 40# being converted into mustard gas. Cracked gas may be the foundation of the "persistent-lethal" for which search is being made. 327, mi DISCOVERIES Oil INJURY TO HEALTH EY CHEJIC.X SUBSTANCES. F. Koolsch. Chem. Fabric, (German) 421-429 (1936). in address on the poisoning by chemical substances, theAr offeots, individual susceptibility, diagnosis and sanitary precautions. The substances treated in clude most poisonous motals, carbon monoxide and some organic compounds. 328. EFFECT OF ANILINE ON TEE LIVER AND ON THE FUNCTION OF THE PITUITARY AND ADRENALS N. !i. Rudenko. Gigiena truda i tck. bezopasnosti (Russian) 6, 19-24 (1936). Animal experiments on the effect of aniline administered by various methods show ed that it-acts on the liquids of the parenchymatous organs, especially on the liver, and not upon the central nervous system, as many authors believe. A new method of determining the effect of aniline on hormone formation shows that the thyreotropio hormone and adrenaline remain within the normal limits. <;*) 0) a M Referenses tv Recent Literature - 9 329. BEKZEIiE SICKNESS IN NORLERS ATFLYINr; RUBBER GLUES. E. Holstein. Tied. Welt. (German) 11., 351-393 (1937). A study `.vus made- of 85 reasons engaged in gluing together pieces or rubber for rubber shoes, with-a glue containing 78$ ben,one and 1ST? trichlorethyleno. Eleven oases of bcnaer.c poisoning were found, also 14 others who had been ill from anemia and hemorrhage. Improved ventilation was ordered end the use of the sclve-r.t was discontinued. 330. FATAL FHOSFHIl'E POISONING IP FUMIGATING FOR COP:: WEEVIL. 0. Gcssncr. Suaml. v. Vergift., (German) 3., (Gutuchter.) 13-18 (1937). Phosphine in high concentrations was liberated from bags containing 30 grams each of clur.inur. phosphide, distributed throughout a granary. Twelve cases of nausea and one death followed. 331. KET.V :iTHOD OF INVESTIGATING INDUSTRIAL DISEASES. F. Timm. Deutsch. Ztschr. f. d. gus. gerieht. Mod., (German) 28, 48-50 (1937). 2y the use of a darkfield method proposed by the author, it is possible to de tect small rrr.ountc of heavy metal in the organism, how the metal penetrated, where it is deposited and how its mobilization by medicaaents takes place. He reports as an example, a case of lead poisoning. (These claims appear rather broad, but this is all the information v;e have at present. Abstr.) 332. A MICROGRAVIMETRIC METHOD FOR DETERMINING 3!ALL AMOUNTS OF MERCURY VAPOR IN AIR. V. A, Finnkov. J. Applied Chcm., (U.S.S.R) , 580-582 (1938). On passing the air through a spiral tube containing iodine, crystals of mercuric iodide settle on the walls of the spiral. After removal of the excess iodine, the mercuric iodide is dissolved out with ethor, dried and weighed. 333. PURIFICATION OF GASES AT THE MERCURY PLANT AT NIKITOVO. V, A. Fiankoff and K. L. Loevsky. Gigicna truda i tck. bozopasnosti (Russian) 57-58 (1936). It was found that 2 to 3 kilograms of mercury wore lost daily. Considerable sul fur dioxide was also present. The authors recommend catching the sulfur dioxide with dilute ammonia and fixation of the mercury with chlorine. 334. DETERMINATION OF MERCURY IN AIR AND ABS0F.I7I0" OF VATORS OF MERCURY WITH THE AID OF METALLIC GOLD. V. Major. Collection Czechoslov. Chcm. Comun., 8., 339-348 (1936). Very small quantities of mercury are determined by distilling into a fins cap illary, uniting the gl Aulea with the aid of a centrifuge and measuring the length of the thread of mercury. In some oases the mercury was condensed in tubes ohillod with liquid air. Quantities larger than 0.5 g* per liter the oolorimetrie method is advised. 335. DETERMINATE* OF SMALL CONCENTRATIONS OF SULFUR DIOXIDE AND H9S0GEN SULFIDE IN IR. II. V. G. Gurevich and V. F. Vendt. J. Gen. Chem. (USSR) 6, 962-971 (1936). The modified method of Vorlandcr and Laitwk depends on the different rates of oxidation of hydrogen sulfide and attlAtr -Slcartdo in air in an ammonium hydroxid The sulfate is preoipitated with lead nitrate and tiae turbidity due to lead sul fate is determined with the aid of a special photoelectric nephelometer. De tails of the method are given in Chemical Abstracts, for Fob. 20, 1937, col. 62: or will be supplied on request) but we doubt whether they are full enough to follow without referring to the original Russian. HHBB-0009575 HHBB-8B09576 r^3 References to Recent Literature - 10 336. note ok an r:v:.sr: c.tion o? lvng damage ij* ::::trs, carried out in october-note BER, 1936 IK TEE SCX'ESEERG-NIiUSTADTES NETS. E. Kcitzel. Arbcitssehutz pp. 70-72 (1937). . As a result of filtration experiments the author concludes that the lung in Juries ir the Schrceburg mines are er.uscd by the radium cnnnr.t ions, and net by air colloids or dust. The quantity of enc.nr.ticn in the cir "was not decreased by filtering through carbon, although it v;r.s when silica gel vras used. For pro tection of the miners, the author suggests the use of pneumatic drills where t':n emanation content is high, control of mine air, r nd changes of working place for the miners. 337. LATE tOSBiOETE! nSSSTRATION OF CARBON MONOXIDE. ". Tieczarkawski. Folska Gazcta Lekarskn, 16^, 24-26 (Jan. 10, 1937). The literature on death by asphyxiation from illuminating gas is meager from the viewpoint of demonstrating the cause of death after exhumation of the suspected body. The author's experiments yield additional information on that point, and shew that unde-r sene conditions the presence of carbon monoxido can bo demonstra ted for a surprisingly long time after death. Spectroscopic and chemical examination of the blood reveals the presence of car bon monoxide, even in dccrm.posf-d parts of the body after 2i years. If blood poisoned by the gas is scaled with exclusion of air, spectral and chemical an alysis demonstrate its presence even after 20 years. The presence of the gas may also be demonstrated during 1 year by pouring thickly and drying the blood. However, if the blood is in contact with air, the tests are ineffective in a much shorter time, depending on the extent of contact. The blood mixed with Jaederholm's solution shews carbon monoxide for only a 3hort time. 338. SOVIET CARTRIDGE RESPIRATORS FOR CARBON MONOXIDE. T. P, Glazkoff. Gigieaa truda i tek. bezopasnosti, 6, 89-90 (1936). Two hopkalite cartridge respirators are described, one with 1900 cc. capacity, good for 10 to IS hours, and the other, 700 cc. usable for 1^- to 3 hours. A dis advantage is that they give no warning when their effectiveness ceases. - ,S1