Document X7Rb5OvvgQDE4NXLzOB9w39wy

along Conn- >er Section ffirials tribute briefly' would s from f mag. s ami Officers 1940-1941 i ' General Chairman--D. B. Chant, Ontario Pulp & Paper Makers' Safety Assn., Toronto^ Out, ' Vice-Chairman in Charge of Membership--Clayton O. Bbaatz, Marathon Paper Mills Co., Rothschild, Wis. Secretary and Program Committee Chairman--Rdvaxo W. Richardson, The GardnerRkhardsoa Co, Lockland, Ohio. News Letter Editor--). F. Beset, Alton Box Board Gx, Alton, 111. Contest Committee--A, Sort Dpwo (Chairman), Fritz Publications, Inc, Chicago, I1L ' B. D. Rogers* Bird ft Sou, Inc, East Walpdlc^ Mass. j F. H. Rosebush, Nekoosa-Edwards Paper Ct>., Port Edwards, Wis: Datasheet Committee--IL G.McGwney (Chairman)', Oswego Falls Corp, Fulton, N. Y. 0. G Beown. J. J. Hastings, Port Huron Sulphite ft Paper Co, Port Huron, Mich. D. T. Meant, New Brunswick International Paper Co., Dalhousie, N. B, Canada. B. J. McCloskey, Hoberg Paper Mills, Green Bay, Wis. W. B. Place, Kieckhefer Container Go, Delair, N. J. James W. Towsen, West Virginia Pulp & Paper Co., New York, N. Y. Engineering-Safe Practices Committee--,Julius A. Drapes (Chairman), Consolidated Paper Corp, Ltd, GrawTMere, P. Q, Canada. ' M. W. Dundoee, Bdoit Iron Works, Bdoit, Wis. JaMes J. Hanks, American Paper ft Palp Assn, New York, N; Y. C O. Holmes,Minnesota ft Ontario Paper Gx, Minneapolis, Minn. D. A. McAiAEY, Fraser Cbnipanies> Lt<L, Edmundston, N. B, Canada. E. A-Page, Kimberly-Clark Carp., Neenah, Wis. G. R. Vaughan-Evans. Health Committee Chairman--Da. Louis H. Feechtung, Champion Paper & Fibre Co, Hamiltoa, Ohio. // Statistics Committee Chairman--Paso W. Beaun, Employers Mntnals, Wausau, Wis. Publicity Committee--Walter E. Strong (Chairman), Menasba Products Div., Marathon Paper Mills Gx, Menasha, Wis. ' R. P.Aucouk, Fibreboord Products, Inc, Los Angeles, Calif. ' J. G Fitzgerald, Bowtater's Newfoundland Pdp & Paper, Ltd, Corner Brook, New* fbundland. O. R. Haktwig, Crown Zellerfoach Cnp, Portland, Ore. Safely Instruction Cord Committee--R. W. .Gs6ucher (Chairman), Minnesota, ft Ontario Paper Co, International Falls, Minn. Ernest Augustus, The Mead Corp, Chillicothe, Ohio. G. J. Bienvenu, Gaylord Container Corp., Bogalosa, La. H- P- Heubner, The Flintkote Co, New York, N. Y. JohnM. Lavin, St Croix Paper Co, Woodland, Maine. GJ. Munk, RaoqoetteRiver Paper Gx. Potsdam, N. Y. . Axthur E. Winslow, Hollingsworth ft Whitney Co, Waterville, Maine. Visual Education Committee--L. R. Simpson (Chairman), The Brown Paper Mill Co, Inc, Monro^La. A. S. Cook, Quebec Pulp ft Paper Safety Assn, Quebec, Canada. ' 505 506 30th National Safety Congress D. S. Gasses, Homme! & Downing Co, Milwaukee, Wis. J. W. Kxjebles, Dixie-Vortex Co, Easton,' Pal / J. R. Lattes, Anglo-Canadian Pulp&Paper Mills, Ltd, Qiiebcc, Canada. Dok E. McDowell, Kalamazoo Vegetable Parchment Gx/Parchment, Kalamazoo County, Midi.' ;. ' B. L. Wood, American Coating Mills, Inc., Elkhart, lad. Past General Chairmen- - ' George J. Adams, Intenntoaal Paper Co., Glens Falls, N. Y. Robest M. Altman, Marathon Paper- Mills Co, Rothschild,Wi. Kenneth L. Faist, The Champion Paper & FibreCo, Hamilton, Ohio. Waltek A. Gleason, Hammermill Paper Gx, Ena Pa. E. E. Grant, The Crystal Tissue Gx, Middletown, Ohia M. G. Hoynan, Kimberly-Clark Cbrp, Neenoh, Wis. v ; /v\ G. W. Phillips, The Champion Paper & Fibre Gx, Canton, N.' C\ ` . \ J. J. Plzak, Consolidated Water Power & Paper Gx, Wisconsin Rapids, Wis. Samuel Peuyn, Finch, Pruyn & Gx, Inc, Glens Falls, N. Y. S. F. Shattuck, Kimberly-Clark Corp.Neouh, Wis. Geokce E. Williamson, Strathmore Paper Co., West Springfield, Mass. . Officers 1941-1942f General Chairman--:Cjlayton O. Braatz, Marathon Paper Mills Ccx, Rothschild, Wis. Vice-Chairman pi Charge of Membership---W. Richardson, The Gardner-Richard- son Co., Loddand, Ohia - Secretary and Program Committee Chairman--J. Feed Beeet, Alton Box Board Co, Alton, XU. Program Committee--Ernest Augustus, The Mead Gorp, Chillicothe, Ohia O. R. Haxtwig, Grown ZeUerbachGotp, Portland, Oiegoa J. W. Kueblek, Dixie-Vortex Gx, Easton, Pa. E. A. Pa$e, Khnberbr-Oaik Corp, Neenab, Wis. News letter Editor--L. R. Simpson, The Brown Paper Mill.Go, Inc, Monroe, La. Contest Committee-rA. Sam Down (Chairman), Fritz Publications, Inc, Chicago, BL B. D. Rogers, Bird & Son, Ioc, East Walpcda Mab. F. H. Rosebush, Nekoosa-Edwards Paper Gx, Port Edwards, Wis. Data Sheet-Committee--B. J. McCloskt (Chairman)}Hoberg Paper Mills, Green Bay, Wis. A. S. Coos, Quebec Palp &.Paper Safety Assnl, Quebec,^ Canada. . J. J. Hastings, Port Huron Sulphite & Paper Gx, PoifHnron, Mich. ' W. B. Place, Kieckhefer Container Co, Ddair, N. J. v' . L. G.Smith, Thilmany Pnlp & Paper Co, Kankapna,Wis. - Engineering--Safe Practices Committee---]vuvs A. Deapeb (Chairman), Consolidated Paper Cbrp, Ltd, Grand 'Mere, P. Q, Canada. E. G. Amos, American Paper & Palp Assn, New York City, N. Y. M. W. Dundore, Beloit Iron Works, Beloit, Wis. C O. Holme*, Minnesota & Ontario Paper Co, Minneapolis, Mina James W. Towsen, West Virginia Pulp & Paper Corp, New York Cty, N. Y. E. F. Troop, P. H. Glatfelter Co, Spring Grove, Pa. H. H. Yoder, Gulf States Paper Corp, Tuscaloosa, Ala. Health Committee Chairman--Dr. Louis H. Frechtung, Champion Paper & Fibre Co, - Hamilton, Ohio. Statistics Committee Chairman--Fked W. Braun, Employer? Mutual, Wausau, Wis. Safety Instruction Card Committee--R. W. Crouches (Chairman), Minnesota & Ontario Paper Co, International Falls, Mina * fA* elected by delegates in Congress Session. Paper and Pulp Section . 507 G.J.Bienvenu, Gaylord'tC&ntainer Corp., Bogalusa, La. . *J*iC Fuzcejraia Bowafaafl Newfoundland- Palp & Papare Co, Ltd, Corner Brook; Newfotmdktnd. JohwM. tAVBr, St. Croix Paper Go, Woodland, Maine. G J.Munx, Racquette River Paper Go., Potsdam, N. Y. Anoint E.Winslow, Hollingsworth & Whitney G*.;, Waterville, Maine: . Visnal Edncation Cottumilee--iL P. Heubner (Chairman),.The Flintkote Co- New York City, N:Y. D. S. Garber, Humrad A Downing Co, Milwaukee, Wis. J.R. Latter, Anglo-Canadian Pulp & Paper Mills, Ltd./Qtiebec, Canada. D. T. Meant, New. Brunswick International Paper Cb., Dalhousie, N. B., Canada. D. A. McAlaet, Fraser Companies, Ltd* Edmtmdsfcon, N. B, Canada. Doir E. McDowell, Kalamazoo Vegetable Parchment Co., Parchment, Kalamazoo Go* Mich. B. Li Wood, American Coating Mills, Inc, Elkhart, Ind. Poet General ChairmenGborce J. Adams, International PaperCb, Glens Falls, N. Y. Roust M. Altman, Marathon Paper Mills Cb, Rothschild, Wis. D. B.Ghant, Ontario Palp ft Paper Makers' Safety Assn., Toronto, Ont, Canada, Kenneth L. Faist, The CbampioaPaper & Fibre Cb, Hamilton, Ohio. Walter A.GusASON,Hamnienn31Paper Cb, Erie; Pa. E. E. Grant, The Crystal TissueGo* Middletown, Ohio. M. G.HoncAN, Km*eriy-CIark Corp, Neenah, Wis. G. W. Phiixifs, The Champion Paper ft Fibre Gb* Canton, N. G . J. J. Plzak, Consolidated Water Power ft Paper Cb, Wisconsin Rapids, Wis. SamvelFroth, Priqm ftGcl, Lit, Gtens Falls, N. Y. S,F.Shattcc3C, Kimberly-Clark Corp, Neenah, Wis. George E. Williamson, Strathmore Piper Co, West Springfield, Mass. MONDAY MORNING SESSION : October 6, 1941 \ Presiding: D. Bi-Chant, Secretary-Engineer, Ontario Palp and Paper Makers' Safety Asso ciation,. Toronto; Ontario; Canada, and General Chairman, Paper and Pulp Section, NSC * * m CHAIRMAN CHANT: I am happy to mgs. One of those, is especially set up for see so many oif yon present at this Thirtieth members who are interested in paper prod- Atonal Safety Congress. nets and paper specialties manufacturing; the Our program tins, year is somewhat less fulland complete''than in previous years. We have felt that we have at previous Congresses perhaps tried to accomplish too madras a Section and that because of the number of sesskms and the number of papers, many of onr' Section members were., prevented; from attending proceedings of otherSections or. cl other is for those interested in ptdpwood log ging operations. Wednesday is a completely open day. On Thursday we have onr annual Section Luncheon, followed by tiae final ses sion. The presentation ofthe-trophies,for the Section's safety contest, will, as usual, be made on Thursday afternoon following the luncheon. . the Council as awholewhich they would (The General Chairman then presented his have lilced- to. attendand from which they "Progress Report of. Section Activities," might have obtained great benefit. So this' briefly reviewing- the year, and mentioning year, onr program is 'shorter.-1-Tomorrow the good work of the many Sectional Com- afternoon we have two separate group meet-. ` mittees.) Sr: M If i . 508 30thNational Safety Congress CHAIRMAN CHANT : Next on our pro- For a number;of years nowl thu very imporgramwe have the review of the accident ex- tant part of-our Sectional activity has been periiSnce in our Section during die past year. directedand carried oh byVFred Bratml.. Review; of Pager and Pulp AcddentExperience . By F.W. BRAUN Vice-President and Chief Engineer, Employers. Mutuals, Wausau, WiS., and , Chairman, Statistics Committee . We have lost some ground since 1938, and ' vention purposes. :We-compute..frequency according to the latest 'contest figures for and severity; rates to determine whether our 1941, frequency. rates will be up slightly records arc-getting better or. worse;, how again, unless records improve considerably ever, injury ' rates: c*dy measure"the results during the last part-of the year. This is of our safety activities. our longest continuous period without male- . ing improvement in either injury rate since, Rates are necessary add important in- we started collecting reports in 1926. . formation. But oturecords'shOuldteil us what die most important problems are and Working tithe in.the, industry has increased then give us facts that will help to solve about 10 per . cent in each of the last two them. It is mdj logical to put our efforts years--1939 and 1940. New employees! the where the largest reductions in the fre speed-up in production, and similar factors quency-and severity of injuries can be have resulted in increases of 3 per cent in expected. frequency and 38. per cent in severity. The increase in ' severity . occurred entirely in The series of Accident Facte Memos 1939 during, the first - sharp- expansion in which each, of you have been receiving, operations. We held our own in severity monthly were intended to direct attention to during 1940, but the frequency of injuries the most important hazards and summarize was up slightly, and contest experience indi causes of accidents on these specific hazards. cates another small increase again this year. The aeries of lff .memoe, each on a specific Operations, however, ate being stabilized at piece of equipment, summarizes the im higher production levels and we should be portant frets about two-thirds of our acci able to resume the downward trend in in dent The remaining third were- widely jury rates. scattered over many kinds of equipment and materials and under widely different circum The industry has gone a long way in im- . stances. The logical thing to ckv therefore,* proving its injury experience in the past 14 . Is to forget tef^potaribr^alwfn tl^ .widtiy years. Frequency. rates for 1940 averaged ' scattered accidents'and-concentrate on elim 15.4--a reduction of 70 per cent since 1926. inating the mwrff fnivlMniK ainil -fiariirtt Results in severity rates have not been on equipment most frequently involved -in equally good' but the improvement of 57. accidents. per cent, exceeds the average for all indus tries. Most of these reductions were made The .'memos, ^ve a cross-section tf-.'tbe previous to 1932. ' ; important details', of aqadents> in . nails, thronghbot. the industry. -While the nip Our rates, however, must go lower before hazard; fs our.outstandlng probleni, it.does we are even- on the 'fringe of die safer not neixssarily foQow ^tt this is true .in industries. We must make a reduction of all mills. ' Slippery. wet, rongh,and other 23 per cent in.frequency and a decrease of defective fkxmconditfcms were another out 14 per cent in severity in order to equal the standing problem in most mills: and couM; average rates of all industries. Tim problem, be for and away -the must: imppifrmt >me^ of course, ts how to achieve lower rates.. chanical hazard in; some plaxrts. Each mill;. I have often thought that one.- of the should analyzethedetailsof its.OTni,3tibt^S;. principal weaknesses in our industrial safety in order: to deterihmethe prindpalacddent work is insufficient use of records for pre- sources and thus know where most -effort shout* result 0 cases' imroh equip load; per. o kinds injuf] tered resit soctro corns be a i total i freqm cDeCtrW-ta-C-i quick! in a This tidenf from gram sjanlV tarfo Mr. 3 getill lisher MS 1; Paper ondPulp Section 509 should; be' concentrated: to 'secure ;the best the difficulty by purchasmg hewihad^ers,^.^^^ The^Coflpm^:.^ a One wood-working: pfcmt';3bad l48 doctor cau^'flajtWo'. j^^^>llu^-tittlii>w^tiMise liftings 'cer|tam-i^ ' invohrtiwily'^ .bcCumd,;''ait'- imfrejqSei^ii^^ ' equipment; the.' Umnber/of aa&ehtsoaeach posnbfll^y of. d^in^tmg ; thm Idndvaried from. 3ato l8.; vThe other 25 - pletdy overlooked. Tlw;^ per cent ofthcaccidents involved numerous that nearly all injurittCbccurred in lifting lands of cquiptoentandm inonly one pieces onto a truckvin oioe department. This injuryin two ; yeaxtL'iObviously,'these.seat- source of three or four accidents a year teied cues ipbtddite^'disR^BEV vnstil prog could'be easily eliminated byt'reqtriring sev ress hasbeenmade in clmmjatingthc major eral men to lift sources..of lueidentk': ' vj'. .1- ;): y . The suryey' showed also how the safety The. ,<uisw^ftd>owed.: that the reduction work of foremen .could be made -easier and of sawaccidentswas theprindpal problem. moreeffective. Reports fra depart- The injoricswci^numeroua and serious. ment showed flute or four principal - sources Reports showed repeated mjoriesdne to lack of accidents iimd flaffjiqr couldbelargely of ini^f .iaii w s 'andi better job eliminated: through instruction and observ- wbudJuivt 'to ;^'.doiK. In .observing and . ance of safe practices. ' Tte forctnan could corrfctfaf cnsafc practices. The repetition maintain a good record with a minimum of of' twopnsafe practices accounted for al work by concentrating most attention on the most one-half of the saw accidents. Fur safety of these jobs. thermore, others were due to repeated viola tions of .instructions. If this situation Is not corrected,, Injuries on sawswill continue to be a: substantial proportion of the company's total The recently developed Cause Code of the A!neridm]Staiidirds Association provides a good guide.. for analysing, the .dqtefls of accidents. After, yean of effort to develop a satufaetpry andpractkal; method of de- >I think we are. apt tolosesight of the terainingithe. importaiJtfactsin accidents frequency :with which accidents 'occur: on as a basj* for corrective teflon, I believe certain equipment because months may elapse that we now. have a useful method ,in 'this between' accidents.. But we usually act coda It; gives the. basic principles for quickly and effectively when several happen putting your, finger mi the materials, tools in a abort period , from the. tame causes. and equipuknt that are giving trouble, how This woodworking company had several ac the fojurfcw occttr, the unsafe- conditions, cidents in one month due to chips flying and the uniafe act of flie employee and the from hammer heads and quiddy corrected reasons for-iijt. ^CHAIRMAN CHANT: After vtiatFred Safety. Council, Mr. W. D^'Johnson, statis his .just dmcrflied as his ahmal job,;tbere tician. need, be no wonder why Scott DoWdinsists on ' Fred doingthis job forus eachyear. ' MR. C^QUCHER : do they call it? Fred, never fails to pat his &^er oU dt;fisasfc - MR. BRAUN: The tAmericahlStandard ts;o .or tjhriwitems, ..brought :$> light by his . Cause Code. study ofthe accident statistics; df the. Sec- tHm,;whidi eadi of ns:can_;ake1iiia& home F.: H. .R.QSEBUSH (Neckqosa Edwards and pixt to useinour ownplhnts. The pro- Paper Cc^jFort Edwards, Wis.) : t remem gramnbw provides an interval fordiscus- ber. thatthe Naflm^ Safety Qmn^ in a saton.1. -!'/ - >. recent, paimpldet inid^ the Statementlthat 87; . 1L m CROUCHER (Mnmesota & On tario Caper Co^ International Falls, Minn.):' Mr. Bratm referred toatable betldid not get the name of it nor die name of the pub lisher. - per. cept eff all of these accidents can .be traced^injsonievraytotmsa^ tbepart of rthe'workers../ M/pur ,,own mill tiiis last year wa.hate bad.am acddient^ifliat w^ J^ cmed by madunes. I thinkVwe have had six spranited ankles MR. BRAUN: Write to the National among thd oduar mnneroos trpes. Fred said l VvU"r.'AT*.Uli.- ' I* -j: 510 30th National Safety Congress -3/. that yon might find yonr floors areslippery. MR. ROSEBUSH: Yes. We have had a large number of broken fin-1 gers, we have had a number of cases of.skin ners' wrists, and a large number of other types of .what we call "self-inflicted acci dents." . CAMPBELL ' (Consolidated Paper Ltd, Thtree^Riyers, Providence of Chn.) :uJFshould like-.tohear some discussion regarding; the itse of; goggles in paper mills. Do any of the mills make it I wonder, when we study these causes, how compulsory,for the repair men and thema we are going to apply it to ottr own particu chine shop injen to wear goggles? What is- lar problem. . Our own problem, it seems to the general rifle? me, is educational work, to mike men selfconscious so that they will do a little pre vention work on their own initiative; CHAIRMAN CHANT: Mr. Campbell, would yoa ihind writing your question, otit and turning it in to our Secretary,' and .we. MR. BRAUN': Well, that cause table is will bring it up on Thursday afternoon' at something that the American Standards As- our special question and answer session ? We4 . sodation has worked out They have been will have a group of men jnst fbr the purpose working on it for a long .time. It is new in of trying to answer questions, and that is a print but really it is an old theory. They ask dandy one to ask. certain questions. For instance, the age of the machine. The condition of the'machine. The age ofthe employed His foreman. Was he properly supervised?.-Was he properly in structed? Had the foreman ever seen him < an unsafe act? If so,-what had been done? Each'year, as yon know,: for. some, years past it has been the praetke in tins Section to have the proceedings recorded stenbgraphi- or perhaps I should say "Stenotypiif there is such a word, and each year iye come to yoa hat inland to.collect If yon will study that cause table you will r fee with which,-we can obtain find.there certain questions that may give this service. We are again in that position. you a lead as to why you have six sprained Our Section Secretary tells me that he feds ankles or six broken or smashed fingers, even quite sure - that a contribution,. voluntary I though your employees are old-time em hope, of one dollar from every Section memr ployees. her present willmeet the necessities for fMs Now the prevention is, even though he is an old-timer, to talk to him and to explain to him jnst what he is doing. We get in the habit of doing things the wrong way, not be cause we want to do them the wrong way but year. We.in^i^ if you agree, make use of a period of about three or four minutes now before we go on with our next speaker , to have Mr. Richardson pass among you and collect your dollars. just because we get into the habit-of doing (Collecting of contributions.) them that way. CHAIRMAN CHANT: We are fortnnate J. FRED BERRY (Alton Box Board Co., in having with us tins afternoon the next' Alton, I1L):. I should like to ask Mr. Rose speaker, Mr. Reuben Robertson, Jr. - Mr. bush jnst what is skinners' wrist? Robertson is a member of the Technical As MR. ROSEBUSH: Men who take laps off of the wet machine use a stick to cut the lap off, and also we have some machines .on bleach where the machine partially folds the lap and they have to tear it off. It is the con tinual use of the wrist, either with *the -stick or in folding laps, that causes' a swelling of the wrist that takes the man off the job. sociation of the Paper and Pulp Industry, familiarly known as "TappL" He hralso a member.of the American Institute of Chemi cal Engineers. He Is a graduate of the Shef field Scientific School of Yale University, and Jie has been a meatier of the Champion or ganization since 1930. He is a .chemical engi neer ly profession, bat he has bem used m various capacities by his company, and has CHAIRMAN CHANT: It is; usually token a particularly great and continued in-' synovitis, isn't it? terest in problems of safety; 'S8 f t ft ft B 3 2* ft 3 .3 ff .1! B*OS S' a IT K* S.'a 1! C i.irs. . Paper mid Pulp Section 511 Accident Control as a Phase of Operation in the Paper and P^plndiistry By R. B. ROBERTSON, JR. Vice-President; CUanpioa^ St Fibre Company, Hamilton, Ohio * ' * , , . t ...... ** What you really want, 1 believe,i sfx partmeht nSanager, the superintendent and on ways and means of effecfivety. giving the foremen. In other words^management in safety Its'proper share'of management's at that sense does, not mean pwnership.Itmeans tention hi the daily routine of production. I the men who are carrying out] the contacts am going to try to carry out- that general with employees and are executing' the daily thotJf^it, oh how ways and means.can be pro functions of the., hostess.. In thinking of vided hi thesebusy times to do that job. Management in general is overwhelmed with the currentdaflyproblems. The prpb- letns'of sapplies, naintenance sappJies,oper- ating Sapphea^prddoctibn,'^ taxation and-general personnel factors and dements: that we have to contend with are tmnen-; doosly time-consuming, and.it is true that with the pressure of those activities safety management's realization of its responsibility, in thoSe tenns, it means from the top to the bottom, all the wety down-tiie line , organiza tion. Now that aim includes the staff organi sations that contribute/to tbesolving of the problem, titp^pi^^id. departinent^ the safety dcparjinqnt]] flSSp|mfcBcal deparpnent, tire vocafipnaTjtiahtihg.wMrtinent, etc. They are'all scope of man- has a tendency to. be pushed aside, to* tyke ' care.of itself.daring this emergency- How^ ever, safety must not be pushed aside. Safety should beonthe "must?? list, and one of dor main problems now is to find oathow to keep safety on that ^nast'* Hst To realize tire problem, management must first have an interest in ti* problem, interest in the welfare of the men. That is, I would say abovte aB,. interest in tire quality of the working'conditions under which tire men and First of stfll think management mostrealize tiiat thereistin? problem, Seoond. man- agemehtttytsl tonnphte.a plan to atfade tint problem. TEwse are just normal steps in work oftbat sort. Third, management must organ ize anddelegate to execute that plan. Fatally, last but not least, management must persist ently follow up to see that the plan is being The supervisory group are working; also, in- terest in: tire past performance of his own compony,[his own plants, andinterest in tire present trends, again of his own plants, hut also of tire relative position in. tire industry of his plants, and mat eqnipment and work ing conditions in other plants are better than he bas. .* followed out One of the things that impressed me with Flrst is the question of management's rec the importance of this problem was a state ognizing tint a problem exists. I think we ment that I read recently in ^Modern Indus can fairly say m regard to tire papecand pulp try"--that in a normal year, such as last indtntry, whidiis no:different fram'tire man year, more than two and ione-half million agement in-90 per cent the other indus men were out of work ten daysas the remit tries, that- top management has not always of accidents throughout all industry. It was appreciated and realised the problem. Top . as if there were a; strike for ten days of two ' management has freqpentiy taken tiie post-] and one-half million nien, resulting in this b'on, "Wdl, we have a safetydirector and great toss of man power during the course of he will take care of that problem.'* That is .tite year. Whin man power isat a distinct hot as it dtonlS'he. premiunv' as it is now in our defense pro Whom doW^mean when we speak of gram, tint is a serious problem. management? We do notnecessarily mean Another faetthat was pointed out in tilts the board of directors. Wieindttdemany in article wds that in tite state of Michigan, tire dividuals, fnxnthepresident on down : onlyisate ia whfch there was a direct corre throughthe operating organizatiotitite vice- lation.between employment gams aitd acci president who is looking after operations, the dent losses-of a current nature, against, last general manager, the mill manager, the de- year's employment there was a gain of .17 'O .512 30th National Safety Congress per cent but against last year's accident rate substantial amounts of money. On this par there was a rise of 48 per cent In other ticular chart, the Canton Division in that words, the two and one-half million men out year cost $16,000. for ten days last year is likely .to be very much more serious this year. That simply illustrates that the problem is general, but at the same time it is specific and it hits dose to home. It hits every individual plant in any Industry, and, of course, in our industry, the I might say here, in passing, that our com pany carries its wto insurance; but that is comparative with the rate of any company not carrying its own insurance. Sixteen, thousand dollars, $4,000,' $2,000, record is not such that we can go without $19,000, $6,000, $6,000 and $7,000. That indi checking ourselves. cates that between toe. good and the bad years In our company we have three plants. They are widely separated, one in Ohio, one in New York and one in Texas. For purposes of reference I am going to use some of our there is a very distinct monetary difference, of approximately $12,000 a year or $1,000 a month, which is the difference between doing a good job and a bad job in one plant regular charts and I will try to explain them (Chart) This is toe Hamilton Division, as we go along. ranging in accident costs from $2#00 again (Chart) This chart is for our Hamilton, to $16,000. The'year we just finished was $10,000 up to $I2jQ00. Ohio, Division and illustrates the trend of. accidents over twenty years. This is in terms Adding all those losses together for toe of numbers. Frequency possibly would re three-plants, the range runs between $10,000 flect it a little better, but this happens to be. as a good year and $40,000 as a bad year. So toe one we have. Back in the'earlier years you. can see that aside from the humanitarian there was on toe average about 140 accidents angle of h, there is a very distinct monetary per year. That was very bad, about ten acci interest Id other words, it is very good busi dents a month, and I would say then that ness to carry on an effective and complete management's realization became much more safety program. So, to sum up the first acute and there. was a sharp drop in five phase, management most recognize that a years, down to a total of about ten .accidents; problem exists. It does exist and we must all and since that tone, in toe laStTfive or six help it individually by plants, by industries years, we have had ups and downs^ but toe and toe nation as a wholes and I believe that last year is a higher figure; r\ it is the responsibility of management as a MR. ROSEBUSH: Are thore all lost-1 group to take that leadership and cany it out with a great deal of vigor and energy. ' tone accidents? "" The second phase is that management must MR. ROBERTSON: These are just lost- fonriulate a plan of action. Improvement in tinfe accidents. We will hit on minor acci accident prevention does not just happen. We dents -a little later, but here we have con must have planned action.bgr individual man-- centrated on lost-time accidents. It is true agements. First in that program must be the that expressed in terms of frequency it would will to improve. No improvement .comes not look so bad, because of more men and without a very strong will to gain that ac more man hours, but it is.enough to bring to complishment. Second, it is necessary to you a realization that there is a problem. check on toe prognun as it is now being car-. (Chart) As a further illustration here is the Canton Division. This shows total lost days in toe last five or six years, starting out with 1,100 titan days a' year, dropping down to 900, a record year at 450, then sliding back tied out- Almost every company at this stage of our industrial development has some form of a safety program. It is necessary to check on Its effectiveness, to see if progress isbeing made. to 1,200, back down to 800, and this past year, If the program is going good and simply 1,150. That emphasizes that the men are also needs stimulation, that is one set of condi suffering. Of course, compensation and other tions. Another set would be if the program benefits help tWe men to make up that loss in had come to a complete stall and there was a dollar value, but it is not a complete replace slipping back in results, which would cadi for ment of loss in dollar value.and income to another set of plans; and in developing the those men. The company stands to lose very new plans it is essential to dovetail them as tltis pari in that /' ' \ cm. Jm- it that is company $2,000, riiat inidibad years lifference. $1,000 a ten doing tnt Division, )0O again shed was r for the b $10,000 year. So sanitarian monetary ood boacomplete die first e that a; must all hdostries lieve tha,t wnt as a cf \ it lent must ement in ppen. We oal iron ist be the it . comes that acssaiy to eingcarthis stage me form to check Jgress is id simply of condiprogram are was a d call for jping die diem as Paper and Pulp Section 513 much as possible with existing plans for the is compulsory. Respirators and. all manner greate st, e 'frc. ctm. a. evsfc . What other things arte needed to create a fall and effective safety program? I believe of asbestos and fireproof clothing and tilings of that sort especially for around pulp mdls, are available. that one of the most- important points for It is true that -even with that , equipment every member of any organisation to realise there is not always a foil follow-through on is that when management says "Safety first/* its use. Frequently men will go around smel theyrealiy mean safely first.^ Often manage ters, for example; without theirgoggles,.and ment will adopt, die sfogan, "Safety first" I think that is the place wfaere the sales pro and then prodnetiongets to lagging. a little, gram must come in to insurethe use of those and they will say, "You most hurry up. Go types of equipment that are available. ahead. . We most have this -production cnit," and fbfere.will creep into the. organization a Another factor in foe equipment angle is feding that production is first; dr cost is firsts the menfr `personal apparel Too often men rather than safety being first. It takes pretty will wear loose overalls.that drag on die Aonqgii sdling to. lave everybody; realize .. ground; or looee . sleeves/ or shoestbat are that throughout the entire management wbrh.out.and have dun soles and if they sfop oa anything it win go right info .the bottom The second point there is dot the atack for to thdr feet; die loose clothing win get. into the safety program.should be-.from every gears and madunery and poll them in. That angle. ^First is the mechanical equipment has been foo frequently acauseof our acci angle* I believe dat most, companies that dents. have progressed with die progress of the pa per industry have gone a great distanoc in : The third phase of ah effective program is the quality of their equipment the quaUty.of the training and supervision of the mem ; I. their machinery, die degree of safeguarding, think I will quality that b^saying new men overhead safety precautions^ etc.; but in spite and transferred men. ..-Mafijyjjcomiaines- have of that it is a never completed job- The shift well-established syriemsfor training and eduing of machinery, new installations,'the dove cadqg or advmng tfae new man as to unsafe tailing of the old with the ncw.call for con stant maintenance of die . guards and rads, conditions, , giving him a background of die 'company's safety pcdkies;.bfo.freqhdidy-.too properly designed equipment going in, and a little attention las been given to foe codificar set-up within `the maintenance department' dons of safety practices, so that when a man whereby when safetyneeds come up tixy are moves from, one .department to another, the. not. stented aside on die ground dat there is foreman, does not -have to remember every a construction Job or a production jbb.that single timig that is unsafe there and fry fo. ajffji precedence, tell him in die first fifteen or twfcnly npnutcs. ' Many af.die^accidehfo.involving.die .trans Ifl that is the tendency In any organization ferred': man occur in'foie, eariy part of bis (and from first-hand experience I know dat dme hi the depaitmdh. . It is likely to be. die. tendency), then. inde pendent, ferial men, safety engineers or So the development of ; codes of standard safety maintenance men; , should be 'set up safe practice, whkhbring out where the re- who are available for die safety director's sponribflities lie for carrying out various jobs guidance ait all times; so that if a safety and bow foe safety work dovetails and ties problem is up today, it is solved today and info the responsibilities of those jobs, is very not next week; because the minute dat .lag important Ithink that .h great deal'of help of time comes into, the picture die men and can be gotten from foe rank and file of men the organisation fed dat safety is not first in foe various plants. The codification of safe Thus there is the personal equipment angle, There have been tremendous develop ments in die availability of safety ,equipment for die industry--safely shoes, safety , gog gles, safety helmets. I should like to sdd that our company hid special rules forjme use of : practices is quite adifficult task, It isn't something that just frQs out of a book, be cause hi many instances these practices have grown up over a period of twenty or thirty years and many men have encountered foe experiences.'. ^ goggles in machine shops and where grinding . We have over a period of yfore developed equjpmcntor welding equipment is used; this what is known as a "Safety Code Book." It it i ': ri = it 514 30th National Safety Congress is pocket size and it islooseleaf. It has a gen or the safety department I think that is eral section that deals with questions of basic where there has been a great, deal of differ safe practices: that.is, no horseplay on die ence in the post The operating organization job, no loose dothing, care in die handling of takes the position,. "Well, that Is the safety ladders and the leaving of plumbing equip department's baby. That is their problem." U ment on top of ladders, and general things of an acddent occurs, they think "Why weren't that sort To that is added , the question of they there to antidpate it?" individual, specific departmental safety. There is the question of knives, the safety elements I believe very firmly that there should be that have to be observed, the back tender and the realization that the responsibility lies first the machine tender or die cutter operator. with the direct mill nfenager, that he is die Each one is thoroughly studied and written fellow who must carry die load; second, that up by the process of bringing die men to under him he has to look to his superintend getherand letting them write down their own. ents, and any superintendent who is attempt ideas of what constitutes safe practice in their ing to carry the responsibility of a group of departments. That is developed through joint men must accept die responsibility for their meetings, in die presence of the safety di safety. Both the manager and the superin rector and his own supervision, aided by tendent. can call on die mechanical deport- safety suggestions and otherineans of get ting these ideas.together. Then it is written the .engineering department, the per^sonnerdepartment, and the safety and niedi- up and put out on a trial basis and correc jcal departments to help cany out their re-. tions are brought about. Maybe six months Sty; but first (hey must realize that later it will be crystallized into the next it is theirs. phase for publication. ' , *' *\ What are these responsibilities (hat fall to Through that medium you not only can . the individual man in the operating group? achieve the arousing of interest, but you can First, he is responsible for knowing that he also follow up to see that die fellows are has die right quality of men in his depart learning and Studying. You can use that as a ment The tendency is for the supervisor to basis for discussions, as a basis for examina say, "Well, the employment department sent tion, as a basis for giving special awards and, these men over. I don't like diem. They are last but not least, as a basis for applying dis not so hot, but there they are and I must use cipline. In other words, if 2,000 men in a them." That is the wrong viewpoint It bring plant write didr own code of safe practice his responsibility, if he does not 13m the looks and agree that they want to live by it, if they of those men he must send them baric and deliberately repudiate that code they under say, "These men will not do, and regardless stand that it. is a cause for discipline. Of of whether of not you afe having a hard time course, disdpline mus be judicially applied getting men, I want die right Idnd of men.1* add that, is where the safety department That applies not only to new men bat also to comes in, in seeing that one department does old men. not outdo another department in applying In other words, there may be an old man that disdpline. who has been in the department for twenty The last item on the. list of things neces -years and the superintendent may have got- sary for full effectiveness is the stimulation . ~'teoa little casual because, wdl,"That is poor of general safety interest This safety axle is \old Joe and he has been there so long." If he one item in that direction;'but further is die take that viewpoint he is likely to end tty question of safety suggestions with special with a bad safety record. If he isn't die right awards for them, competitions, interdepart man for die job, there are plenty of means, mental, interplant da, and publicity all along through study in die personnd deparfoaent^ to the tine. find die right place for him, whether it is in die same department or another department Nowi we come to the question of organiz But die man who most do that job is the su ing to execute these plans. The first point perintendent That superintendent or man there I believe is the realization that primary ager, as the case stay be, is responsible for responsibility for die whole program ties with the quafity- of working conditions in Ins de the operating line organization. It does not partment If electrical connections or cir necessarily lie with (he personnd department cuits are open, if switches have water under Paper and Pv&p Section 515 then), or if fallings are out, the tendency is visory group, pulp mill group, or area super to say; "Well, the ' mechanical department intendent, if that includes chemical works,, should have gotten around to getting that paper mill superintendent, which would in done." That is no excuse. He most get the clude board machines; finishing rooms, con mechanical department there, and if he fails verting operationfcdHhe line were that way. to dovit, it is primarily his responsibility . Maintenance raperintendent, which probably and'secondly the manager's responsibility. It includes construction^'etc. Steam and power is the manager's responsibility to see that and personnel. . r' those services and functions are available on short order. In other words, the director of personnel should be on a direct line of responsibility Next he is responsible for seeing that level in the Organization'with these other there is ftdl cooperation among the foremen, jobs. It is a big job and a job that should the men and the safety , organizations,, that be.manned by a. competent person. The sis, the personnel, safety and medical de staff jobs, toe chief chemist, toe chief in partments, in carrying out the general pro spector, toe scheduling supervisor, fit into gram. their own particular place. Personnel is, in Last; bnt not least, he is responsible for fact, a staff function bnt shonld.be oh an the execution of all plans for safety within equal level with the line organization. his area of responsibility. I think the lade, of onderstandirqg' that Now that' is a pretty stiff burden on the exists in most industrial organizations of direct line organization, bnt there is .no way what toe line flow of responsibility is, has around ;it; ^ - its bearh% on the safety program. It is truetiiat where you are .dealing 1,000 or 1,500 or The next-point of discussion is. What are 2,000 men in a plant, and they do not folly the responsibilities^of the personnel and safe understandthe line of responsibility to which ty departments, if the main responsibility lies each person reports, there is a possibility of with the operating Ime.ofganizations? Where friction developing, and as friction develops does this other group come in? They are so do unsafe practices. There is a tendency on the job. They have work to do. Why to let down, unless there is a clean-cut line shouldn't they be responsible? They have follow-through. their pwnareas and fields of responsibility. I think it is very deniable in any organiza Let's look for a.,,momeri|/at where safety tion to have a deaf-c^it understanding of fits into a personnel organization. The mitt bow the personnel department fits..into a : manager, of course; at the top. The person line organization. There is a lot of misun nel director, assuming that the -plant and derstanding about it. . company is large cnengh to justify one, which I believe almost every plant is today. 5 Personnel is a subject that has been going Employment, safety, plant doctor, paymaster, through a lot of transition in the last few stahdaids'ahd bonuses, vocational training, years. Personnel in the early days got . to employees" activities and plant magazine. be known pretty much as toe employment Each with its own respective function bong department and that was att. I thirde that for . carefully classified. Now .it is true that'in' real, accomplishment of our goal, not only every organization it is not possible to have in safety but in our whole industrial human an individual -man heading up each one of relations , picture; we must* come to a new those functions. In large organizations that realization of what is meant by the field of is possible/ hot in the small unity, which are personnel. hr the majority, many of those functions need (Chart) This chart is an effort to see where personnel .can or shoal fit into' toe operatingorganization. First of all,the pres to be consolidated under one individual, but that can still be done and have them ftmrtion well. ident at toe toj? of the company. Next; toe Safety fits into that as one of toe mostim- . null manager. On a level with toe mill man portant in tills whole personnel gronp. Att of ager are the purchasing functions, the traffic them play a part of toe .safety phase. Under functions, rales fraction^ treasurer, account the safety group come contests, bulletins, re ing, legal and so on; Depending on toe size views andaccidentrecoids. It is toe respan- . of the organization, torn come toe. super sibility of management in each indmdual case 516 30th National Safety Congress to see that his own organization understands the basic organization chart and bow safety and personnel fit into that organization. Now let's take a moment to look at what the specific responsibilities are of this safety group. What functions are fhcy expected to fulfill and what are the relationships be tween those functions and other functions? First of all, it is die responsibility of the safety department to keep all accident records and statistics, and in saying "to keep them," I think we mean to keep and use them, to ;,keep and bring out for toe use of other de^partments those records. It does not do any good for some man to sit in an office and compile a lot of records unless those records are taken out into the mill, and what toe trend is is frequently pointed out The keeping and making use of them (use being toe most important part of it) is one of their primary responsibilities. A study of the causes, responsibilities and correction of accidents. In other words, when each major accident occurs, he needs to digest it, to go to toe job and see toe conditions first-hand, to help to allocate toe responsibility, to see within toe top group whether toe foreman or this man or toe pipe fitter was responsible, in order to cany out toe discipline; if necessary, or futnre records and toe follow tip of toe correction. If it was a mechanical condition, toe safety department must establish follow-ups to see that it is cleared up before another accident occurs. The use of those records also involves a history of frequency and severity and also cost, to build tip a cost picture which can be referred to management and various depart. meats. The next responsibility of toe safety de partment is to recommend to toe operating and engineering departments items of im provement It is still the safety department's responsibility to bring new ideas to them to be carried out Next, -to conduct publicity campaigns. This word about safety does not spread itself. Men ordinarily are too busy with other things to bo&er about it unless safety is sold to them, and it takes a great deal of publicity to keep it sold. Posters, toe ones tfaat are put out on a national scale by various companies, bulletin board articles, bulletin board pictures, toe use of magazines, monthly magazines, and toe reporting and following up of toe contest in which that par- ,,Vi3r''*' m y* tictdar plant may be competing, are parts of thatpublirity follow-up work. The safety depiutment has to lead in toe work of developing, safetycodes...Safety codes just , do not ritme about fay: torir own momentum. They have to be pusbed and followed'up,and toe scheduling of toe meetings and all . that work is done primarily throtqto "toe safety department.JIThi safety depart ment is responsiblefor. toe original instrbction of toe new man and the instruction of toe man bring transferred. Of coarse; that has to be systematized-so that the depart ment man can follow that up and doable check. The safety department should be respon sible for recomsneidafions ofdisdpKne; that is, toe balancing of discipline wbere-it is needed to see that a lord-boiled department head does not gpye a man two weeks layoff and another department gives a man two days layoff. The safety deportment is responsible for toe contact between toe' medical department and toe safety department; that is, to see that the medical factors and the man's care after, he is hurt and ins ability to get hack to Ids regular job are followed through. Now toe question of suds to safety from other personnel departments, I thmk, are concentrated into a small group. JF`oremanship training can be used very extensively to help.toe foreman know how. to'devdop safe* ty as well as. to help the foreman to know how to handle his own job best Vocational training is being developed on a very large scale all oyer toe. country. I imagine that most companies sue taking advantage of. the federal and state/programs, and into that program can be puta. vexy effective sritkm on safety work: Standard practices fit. very much info the question of safety codes. - That is, toe development of toe respohriUlitfes of each mdhidiial operator should be tied^to gether with the responsibilities from his own safety angle. Medical examinations, coming under the plant doctor, can beused very ex tensively on an animal or a biennial basis to check the physical condition & toe individual men. . ' Earlier it was- the practice just to ex amine men as they came into toe organiza tion. Too frequently trouble devrioped after they had been ten* or fifteen years with a ; t*. ; ; . . v. . * ;a>,:vJj-ar:..-.. ti.. % ' .eJS/A'-Cjij. -lVjv -:V Paper and Pulp Section 517 compattyairiw^ or check- The last in that group is the accident re back-was made .to-seei that foity were in goodshape; tbatis, from a blood pressure standpomt^bernia, venercafdiscasc. or any of those dungs. That can be used very eSectiv^ai^vntboitttrottble if it is sold to die men first as ameans ofaidingthe safdyprogrun. . view board, a board made np bf general representation throughout; tim. plant who study, with tim hdp;bf tbesafetydirector, theacddefoswhichbra They meet only when an accidentoccurs and digest it and allocate foe responsibility for manage ment, and come but ;witb. a deforite-recotn- The' empfoymeht department can be of mendation of what future steps shotdd be itremendoashdp tothe.safety program in token.- . seeing that the superintendents are. getting high qtiality. men tbstartwith. Itisvery . Of course, external meetings . are. very* helpftd. Qmmranlty Safety Connril meet `cfifficult to educate a man in safety w& has ings foould be;followed np and stimulated, . a very limited amount of inteHfeencm and and. I think tiiat int most industrial areas there are plenty ofmen availablewho are intdligeht enough foabsorb the safety jbfo die safety understanding, and that respon- ;sibifrtyis-a coordinate part of the safety program. there' are such local safety councils, with . representation from tiie men, foe supervisory .group and fop management attending foe meetings. Those afo mtolty . monthly and frequently have competitions in connection Persistence in tibje follow-up of these safe* .mfo them which can be of real hdp.; Inter- ty items, is the fourth and main point of - plant meefoi& hc& mostty through the per carrying oat this plan. Meetings of various forate! and safety, groom can be rery effective types within Ac organization, should be' in exchanging ideas and working toward a carried on extensively. The., snpemsory coordinated plan, so that every plant knows - group, should discuss and review the safety what is going on in the other plant and can probkm at least once a week. In . our par- make use of foose ideas 'wherever possible, ' tietdar case each plant brings safety up its not. having one plant going off on one set its executive and supervisory , groups one of ideas and.another plant going off on an-' dajr^at noontime^ every week and devotes otiier set. The correlation and the unifying probably a half hour to <a discussion of that of the program helpful. problem. At those meetings standings in - contdsts and past weric results are disensfod, safety committees recommendations are fol lowed up and there is a follow up of past safety orders.- In other words, when an order, is'tssued to correct an unsafe coafition, And last but not least the National Safe ty Council is a general clearing housefor safety information, for personnel, safety and managerial - groups and shooU be supported with all our energy. it is again followedup at foat time to see Now, as a part Of foe persistent follow that ft has been carried .out and has not been, up, I believe tiiat competitions can be and lost in foe sboffie;- should be used fo a considerable extent . Of Safety committeesare a very helpful ad cxrarse, you will find competitions that lave junct to 'the responsible group, the safety rnn fodr courseand tiie fellows have gotten committees being made up not- of just the. tired of tfiem; but if they are kept .bn a good supervisory groupbot of a weD-sdecfed rep- scale, with defo-ent rules and no chiseling rmeofotion of men from ervery department, between .the departments or between foe the leadership of-the Safety director, meet either once a week or once a nth, as the case; may be, and discuss all ^general aspectsbfthe entire safety pro plants, titty can be of real hdp. In our par ticular case we have interplant contests on a three years. The bestfreqnency rate for any six-month period constituted one leg on tiie gram. Departmental, safety meetings,held continuity basis. The first one laried for under' tiie jurisdiction of foe superintendent cup, the cup bring substantial enough to at- safety director,; are urealty. 'beM once a tract interest, and as It was' displayed in with the foreihen ahd wifo'the aid of foe various, parts bf every department daring foe month; and they formulate their awn-safety, - period of ownership, it 'really maintained program, looking after specific' detail, prob , interest lems, .such as mechanical conditions in any During foe . course , of any one of those oneroom, or dotiungortraining. competitioiivpf course, every plant will go 518 $Oth National Safety Congress way up or way down. Our Hamilton plant In these competitions die'use of adequate started out at five, its frequency came down medals, plaques and certificates for the de to three, and it finally ended up at four and partments is a help. The certificates and one-half. That was a' good frequency for the plaques from the. National Safety Council ,, entire time. The Canton plant was. very are also-very helpful. Another aid in the good at the beginning, , won the trophy the program is individual certificates for each first time, also won it the second time; and man, with a star for every year that he then slid bade and lost out in die last three goes through without a disabling injury. contests. - The Houston plant, very medium That is also true for departments. ~An ade in one contest, was exceptionally good in quate certificate can be given with a star another--a whole six months without a dis for every year that die department goes abling- accident-- and then slid bade for die without a disabling accident Those are next two. But die mere fact of keeping simply stimulants to interest those records and posting diem and having die award; does stimulate interest through out each of the three plants. Publicity is one of the most important factors. There are a number of ways.of get-, ting publicity. Daily sign temmders m each One of the important things is having department help; also having each individual, distinct rules for carrying out the safety as be comes on the job, sign 19 that he is contest If there is die fedmg in one plant watching-himself as regards safety that day, that another plant is brushing over a dis Mondily reports from the department head to abling act, that a man gets a leg broken the plant manager, giving the foil status of and comes in the next day and' "sorts safety in- die department, are reminders to screws," as the old saying goes,' there is a them. Tim mill bulletin boards for posters, break-down, of confidence.. If all the plants contest results, and die picturing of unsafe are working to exactly die same rules, and practices* that have gone on in thejplant, are the doctors and safety directors are de all helpfoL The use of the magazine, if the fining .what constitutes a disabling accident, ,plant has a plant magazine, with a;- page on it.can be very helpful. which'to give the story of the confessor a (Chart) This large chart happens to show discussion on unsafe practices, or any items the progress, in a new safety contest which. of interest in the safety program shotted have we have under way.. One plant 'started out adequate space in the phot magazine.' very badly, but it has recovered. Another plant started out very good, and has slipped, hut is still in the. lead with a frequency of six. The third plant has a frequency of eight, and the worst plant has a frequency of nine. None of those, however, are ter ribly bad frequency rates (I believe that the One new thing that one of the plants bos gotten out is a "Safety1, Counselor" which comes out once a month, doing the job of direct safety selling, just a little four-page bulletin. It supplemmts jin detail information that cannot get into the plant megasine. average of the industry last year was 15), Many companies have little weekly leaflets, but nevertheless they are worse than they and they are an excellent place to get com should be. ments. General Discussion MR. SIMPSON: You. spolee of safety CHAIRMAN CHANT: Mr. Robertson, codes. Is that a job analysis of various jobs I feel sure that we have never in' this Paper in the plant? and Pulp Section had a more interesting or instructive paper on accident control in our industry. We are very grateful to you for your splendid talk. MR. ROBERTSON, JR.: It is not a job analysis. We are, however, undertaking a job analysis or job evsduation, which can. .be used to a considerable extent as a basis RUSSELL SIMPSON (Brown Co., for the standard' practice and safety code Monroe, La.): I wonder what is the total' work. number of men Mr. Robertson has in his CHAIRMAN CHANT: I am fenced three mills? of the .National Safety Council's safety in MR. ROBERTSON, JR.: Six thousand. struction cards. This Section has had Com- miti nun stn for Nat taut sho the ed the affa safi - the, whi fha * abl the Evi leai fat I Stc it: eac vis 1 . evi sizi gn ind - the md a1 it Pr P ra cot the to is Ej co> fol tiii fie sts no M is It tri id. Paper and Pulp Section 519 mittees on .Safety Instruction Cuds for a experience and the approach to the various number of years, and those committees have problems. Of course, each plant has its own struggled hard to produce instruction cards responsibility for carrying it out A means for this - industry- for publication by the of promoting the flow of information.through National Safety Council. I- have long main the plant managers and through the person- tained that - die banc information which ' nel and safety groups is very important in a : should-go on such cards .is available from uniform program. the Smenf whodo die jobs, and I was . delight ed to hear Mr. Robertson say that when they developed their safety code, which is, after all, if I understand it, merely a set of safety instruction cards fto. various jobs, they got the basic material from the men who do the jobs. There is no place where , that information is more completely avail able dan front the men who daily handle the equipment and do the job in safety. EMIL G. WOODMAN (The Rnberoid Co, Joliet DL): I am worrying about this man who has worked twenty years in die department and how-die superintendent can remove him. How would you remove him. How would you remove him when he has gone stale? ME! ROBERTSON, JR.: That is a tough one. However, I think that it is so Even those! who occasionally get hurt usually important that we must find die ingenuity in learn how not to do it and store that up for every case to work out some plan to solve it future use. We have in many instances carried them on' HILARY ZIMONT (Pioneer Riper Stock Co, Chicago, DL): Mr. Robertson, is pensions;: In other cases we have carried them as watchmen. Brother cases we have established them as area clean-up men where it your intention to give die code book to . each individual employee or to the super vising foremen? they are outxrf touch with moving machinery. In other cases, we have been.able ,to give them work as mail carriers, or wtejhave giv MR. ROBERTSON, JR. : It is given to en diem certain types of cltajaTwork. In every individual. That Is the.reason a small certain cases, , where their mentality is all size is used in its development.. First mimeo right but their physical condition is slipping, graphed copies are brought out, wfakh every they can do many;helpful jobs. individual gets, and latterly it is refined to the point of being printed, and then every individual gets a copy of it; in die form of a loose-leaf leather book; with the idea that it can be kept up to date fay. adding pages. Practices do change. The individual is ex pected to keep die book. In some cases we resorted to the signing of>cards, and later conducted tests, mid found outprettywell those who were not taking enough interest to keep the safety book and study it That is one of the values. One example that I remember especially is a fellow who had very high blood pressure. The medical examination indicated , that he should not be on the job at alL He had no income but he had a family; and he ar ranged that hfe nephew come in*and take his -job, and as they went on as a family all right after that But there is no specific an swer fo the problem. It is going to cost money, but it b better to spend the money that way than have a fatality or a disabling accident and the let down in morale that J. W. KUEBLER (Dixie-Vortex Co., comes from having the wrong man in the Easton, Pa.): Do you have one man who job. coordinates -the work.in.the three-plants; for instance, a personnel man who heads up die safety work in the three plants? GENERAL CHAIRMAN CHANT: The next item is the election of Section officers for the 1941-42 term. Mr.' Dowd has again MR. ROBERTSON, JR.: The whole field of personnel work is. in die formative stages and we are just arriving at the point now of-getting, full snterplant coordination. kindly consented to act as Chairman of the Nominating Committee, and I would ask him now to make his.report; please. (Ap plause.) Mr. D. J. Thompson, who is with me here, MR. A. SCOTT DOWD: Mr. Chairman is aiding in cur safety and personnel work.. and Members of the Section: As Chairman . It is not with die idea of authoritative dis of die Nominating Committee I wish to ex tribution of the program, but- more with the press the appreciation and thanks -of the idea of a clearing house for knowledge and - 'other*members of my committee, consisting [l 5*'r lii ; >. M wt ?$** if 7-'"". 'V*: ^ VSSJ* 520 30th National Safety Congress of George J. Adanfe, of the International Gleason,and perhaps others whom I do not Paper Company, and WalterGleason,of the ..see hto sbotdd'speak 6f ;if-toqr; vtere.here.. Hammermill Paper Company, foryourco- * Amongthoto.ihio hwh;fii^^ operatkmin organizing this very active-slate the wptfo:<DfctfaB>Sd^' to;-%el' of officers for the enstring year.We believe . Peacockytoora'w^^ asBill'Peacock. that .an Executive Committee, of thissize is:. .. He -took'ftfo?Sectiw:yc^ acceptable to youbecause it gives yon each as Goietd.'CImfi^^J^; individually an opportunity to demonstrate at a UhjB.wfaen rtwM.strngglirig.'to jibiiiliin. the activities in your Section.; ;. and-.; tocfoapeato'ito:inrmtoerab^l^&^time.. . .-. (Mr. Dowd.then read the report of whenr rt iseierhed to be at a ratoerrkrirebb. toe Nominating Cbmmittee,foe roister erf of - Bill, through tirdeM efforts,*hdped tore- ficers bdng printed dsewherein tins Tecord.) CHAIRMAN CHANT: You have heard toe nominations made by the chairman of yorir Nominating Committee. Are there any additional names that yon wish to place in nomination? There bang none, Idedaretoe nominations dosed, and I instruet tbe Sec tion Secretary to cast one ballot few the elec-' tion of 'tins slate as the Section officers for. toe ensuing year. I declare the election com pleted. j ' .. . -Since this session opened I have {earned xfaMwti toe .Sectioo and'jto give itjobotinOed impetus and growth. Wr&rhtlwl^ three weeks Bill has passed away^ He was side for qtrite a. long;wKrIe. Hirliy^atKDe Pere, near Greeh Bay,: and Tihi^ H is oidy fitting, and propeir that; weshouldretnembcr toe narneofW. J.Peacockand give himdue ' recitation fbrtoe wmdc3h& gest that -tfie'' Secretary rwrite to Mrs. :'Pecockand tiansmittolvwtbeacticmtoat^^^^ . taken here so tofdjtoe may knowwbatthe ' ti-rnvaefaruiwfcenrrsnw,,eronfTTtf'HeTfrPi^lfpm_em/r-'iaf-_lrw*n, .,dPulpSect^ian into regret of toe recent death of a past Mr.Chairman,Tmovethat we stand fora General Chairman of our Section, and Tam moment in coontnontion of toe work that going to ask Mr. Rosebush to ay just a, BiO . did for- tinsSection. word ortwo to you in that connection. - . (Those pieserd mose and stood in tilence.) MR. ROSEBUSH: Mr. Cbainnui, I can see here faces of men who have worked in lids Section for a long time. Kenneth Faist, Jim Hastings, Ernest Augustus, Fred Braun, Clayton Braatz, George Adams, Walter \ CHAIRMAN . Rosebush. 'Your.. igjatioia:!-3iffiltba;'^cttii:: upon by our Section Secretary, /who 'will convey to Mrs; Beacodc the sympafojrof toe members of tins Section. TUESDAY AFTERNOON'VSESSION October 7,1941 i'r "f f- :i-.r S Group Session for I^jK^Products pIaz^ Presiding: J. W. Kuzaus, Safegr Chairman, Persotmd Department, Dixie-Vortex Com pany, Eastern, Pa., and Chairman, Paper Cbnyertg lhrodbcts Cot^niltee, Paper andPulp Section,NSC .. ' \ j / -I'" V!'Y:' CHAIRMAN KUEBLER: This session M. L. Cashman, "Safety in titiMaimfutnre will open our initial meeting of toe paper of Pier Products.": Mr. Cashnan certainly converter group, and I sincerely hipe that it is iqualified to taDc to our i?rbtrp;~Heh^ is toe forerunner of many such sessions. been with toe Liberty Mutual Insurance Company for fourteen years andisaftirfety We will first have the formal paper of Mr. ' Th* Paper; Natim . interS try^itf toeay andti above1'; tries;:: theft Deque Thi* crane aK?? Wom| bytiw XDCSto * - imprp; residti These cerdbi report i b^ panies haran toatn andti as ad ladder hotial nn^< dents; toon# . "ay b devme Wh ployee anrLal It! them __- tibe~'X^Kp^'?axid^X^i^itijdii^n; niBd^s>21si^iii^.: ckntworion^^Bdng&fM Has te^ort*also.'iodii.itcs^tifos^t*. ...ar.*.-..... . . ... .. .-. .; are' Wor^^broiOTipriiit apd tquipmenti 3, Poorfy ; an excellent nieans ^wfiiK an employee's d<gnedandiajnsfcru^ fc-; IcnowtedgeoC hiswoiVdmbe njcreasedL:Btrt - Tt^ n^ Iirm^^ emfet' of wi& >:^nQ3<^^_ :'l&a^;Ti^: bo^cs:have-been -.!*&&<& brit togyp^^farovlteBi, merely tion suidtbe imprbperattftiide;^ 2. Lackof kniin*lijd^;ii^^ nsiialhr- Indeed widih^tw- ^oi^^LiktuL of'driBte*Yv-':>'K:'.y' '' '':'; '-^Wafttefejatels&'3|?c^ Thbfreppri. cce^^+nmertx*- . ,; ; box^Ytwforcnian;^ report.; as cost. ^Jc^|ajl\ft>,.lay > down spedficatioos governingthe mammal: -^yjpp^'-- '-^ -- J-* --*' ** y?>_ +":***_?'jt 4U5I&L. TM -___i._-.-,._. ttnni? operations. ir lt>~if iiitieri`"nmi> *'-------* s*tem*"! .a. *'*s * - -*1 cpffi>|to rirom *employee aouinni al- aarootme('llinihdr^fif'tin'iirian **'.', '.*!s*vr.y-9,^*# -m *_;" * device, Wiat h mntf u-rwtifif1Knd ftf anni<mt' n v L<----';-*-' --" 522 30th National Safety Congress "When pulling bales,'be sure, the hook is behind the wire." "Do not drop your truck behind another employee when you go to assist him in pull ing bales--he may fell over it" Examples of poor safe practices and of the "do" and "don't" school of rules are the fol lowing:, "When moving cars with tractor do not fasten /-chain on steps or hand rail." (Where?) "Do hot use tip-up type of fire extinguisher or water hose on electrical equipment" (Why?:) "Flat |tops and cores must be stacked prop erly" (How?) Realizing that our safe practice codes must be complete, instructive and practical, it is infportant that care be exercised in their preparation. How should we attack our problem? "Time and Motion Study," "Operation and Job Analysis," "Methods Engineering*- are not new terms to you and most of you are familiar with the techniques of these sciences. The general purpose of motion study is to de termine the-easiest, least fatiguing arid most efficient method of doing a piece of work. It has been found that when this method has -been determined for a specfic operation it also proves to be the safest method by which the job can be done.' Therefore, as we prepare to set up our codes we should resolve to analyze each step of an operation or process to deter mine the easiest, least fatiguing and most effi cient method that can be used and we will have the safe way and our safe practice speci fications for that' operation or process are apparent Now who is going to do all this-work--a great deal of time and thought will.be neces sary to set up these codes? From an execu tive point of view, the foreman or supervisor of a department is responsible for accident cost control in the. same manner as he is re sponsible for all other forms of operating cost control such as labor, heat, power, light, spoilage, etc The costs of accidents are pro duction costs and accidents are production waste or losses. The foreman is, therefore, definitely interested in any method which will assist in keeping his operating costs at a minimum. He also knows more about each job and operation in his department'and be cause 6f his experience should be best quali fied to [determine the most offitient andsafest method by which a jab should be carried out It is;therefore suggested that when it is de cided to establish a set Of safe operating codes that the idea be presented to a meeting of die foremen with the request that all oper ations in their respective departments be re viewed and analyzed, to determine the correct and consequently the safe methods of carry ing out eadt operation. It will undoubtedly take several meetings to review, revise, and refine the suggested specifications before final approval is given for printing; and during this period employees, lead men, and execu tives should, be contacted and asked to add their suggestions. It must be remembered that all specifications must be practical and enforceable, otherwise they will not be car ried out oil the job. Once accepted and approved, these safe working practices should be officially adopted by the company and sanctioned fay the high est executive with proper authority to insuie enforcement. The next step is to determine what form will be used to distribute these safe practices to the employees. Booklets--printed, dittoed, or mimeographed--may be used containing safe practices for all departments, for one department; or for a specific operation. One plant has prepared a booklet containing not only [safe practices for all departments, but also company regulations governing hours of work; vacations, -insurance benefits, welfare activities, etcetera. Tins booklet, an employee will keep, for it cobtains so much pertinent information regarding his job and his com pany. Folders--four page with departmental, job or operation practices on front cover and general plant regulations or safe practices on the inside pages. Cards--about 3 fay 5 inches with,the safe practices for each job, operation or department on separate'cards are used trf some extent particularly on general safe prac tices common to several operations. There is one drawback common to all of these methods of distribution and that is the possibility of these instruction booklets, fold ers and cards bring lost, mislaid, or thrown away. To overcome this and to insure having all employees constantly reminded of the cor rect methods to be used I have bad consid erable success in having safe practices pertain ing to an operation or deoartment printed in large the o static 8f4 t say I frame Rega tribal todis ploye CK part i discu dace every met 1 Disci m. CE start 'yertii die f probl has 1 actna So if will 1 . mon been "H toppt out a W1 aboul GE Pape begl are n are c millt w cuttei unde of tb ana week P K a h t ft? r ..? b h c u t e . g.m r w- t v <*<*. . Paper and Pulp Section . 523 large type for permanent posting In or around the-operations to which they apply. Photostatic copies of the practices typewritten.on 8J4 by .11 Inch paper may be "Mown-op" to say 17 by 23 indies, and die negative copies framed under glass to obtain the same effect Regardless of what method s.uscd for dis tribution, sufficient copies should be obtained to distributerto all new employees and for em ployees shifted to new work. The preparation of a set of safe' operating specifications is not an easy task.. It takes considerable time and thoughtand involves a great dead of expense. Nocompany should undertake this task unless there exists a defi nite intention tp enforce fnUrcooperation in carrying out the specifications'- decided on. I can assure yon that the results will be worth while for the "safe way is the efficient way." CHAIRMAN KUEBLER: The second part of onr program is going tp be informal discussion."I fed that 1 do not have to intro duce our discussion leader. I believe that everyone knows Fred Berry. If they haven't met him personally either at this convention or previous conventions, certainly they have seen his name each month for the past year as Editor of our News Letter. We all know that he has done a swell job. I will now turn the meeting over to Mr. Berry. Mr. Berry assumed foe Chair. - ? SB &8 S .-P ? 3 General Discussion Discussion Leaden J. Fred Berry, Personnel Manager, Alton Box Board Company, Alton,. m. CHAIRMAN BERRY: I should like to . start by adring a question pertaining to con verting. I want one of you to answer it from the floor, although this question may be a problem to yon, maybe somebody else here has had the same question come up and has actually licked it and knows just what to do. | So if'We proceed along that line, I am sure it will help a lot The first question is a com. moo one. However, a lot 6f accidents have been caused by it jured. Several rolls were piled on top of each other and foe rolls slipped. out and caught his feet and ankles. Well, foe only prevention of that hazard that I know of--and it is in use in our mills --is a positive blocking of those bottom rolls. In that particular instance it was not done, but we do try to insist that foegr use a trian gular wooden block on each side of the tier, completely down to foe floor. "How doyira prevent stories of rolls from toppling over or having foe bottom roll slip out and spread foe pile?**; Who wants to tackle this? George, how about you? Rolls Topple Over GEORGE J. ADAMS (International Paper Co, Glens Falls, N. Y.): Fred, I will be glad to try tp answer foe question. There are many problems in converting plants that are common to the manufacturing plant paper mills also. We have that same hazard, particularly in cutter rooms and storage rooms where, as I understand it, you pile foe rolls one on top of the other and foe bottom spreads out As a matter of fact, in one of onr mills just two weeks ago a man's feet and ankles were in- H. H. ADERHOLD (Marathon Paper Milk Co, Menasha, Wis.): bn our mill we have just made a check to see if they are blocking them. They have triangular shaped block, and block foe -last, three- rolls in foe pile; so that- if one slips foe others won't .slip/ However, I think that Mr. Long of Green Bay gave ns last year a very good idea on that He presented a new type of wedge and I should like to hear him tell us about .it again. - ` J. A. LONG (Bay West Paper Company, ' Green Bay, Wis.) : Well, we have a little de velopment that we originated/ourselves. We . use it mainly cm rolls that are only 40 indies long and about 34 inchesf in diameter. They are stacked,' as Mr. Adams has explained, by what we call "nesting" foe rolls.' However,,, we insist on using a regular wooden block' under each roll of foe bottom tier. In other B*? ?*?<8 3 'fS 'S , wOrds.-we do not rely only on blocking the Lawrence, Kansas): In using that blocking end roll On the end roll we have what we device, do yon-block just the front row, or call the "positive visible block." This block each individual bottom roll ? is shaped just like the other blocks under die rolls. It is about 4 to 6 inches long. We have a rod going through this block that comes out one end and a piece of pipe coming up the side of the roll toward the core, and we MR. LONG : We block each individual bottom roll; and it is the end bottom roll that has this visible block, because it is the key roll to the whole stock pile. have a spring, a regular door spring device, HOWARD K. SILER (Standard Regis that works inside of this pipe. It has a hand ter Co., Dayton, Ohio): We have about 60 grip and when you put the block under the carloads of paper on hand all the time. We end of the roll, you pull up this hand-grip block all rolls and we tier four high and we and inserfit intothe corit The more the roll put a wooden platform in between each tier. is moved or- jogged by the bouncing of other In other words, we may have 15 rolls in a rolls on top or any movement whatsoever row. We lay boards on top of those, and causes this block to pull underneath the roll they are selected boards, without knots or all the tighter. anything like that Then we start all over The thing that we always worried about was the fact that these rolls would start to slip out and the fellow would be unable to hold them. Now we deck our rolls only about three high. I- do not know how it would r. work in decking them any higher than three. again. Each, roll is directly above the roll below it, and then we put the blocks on each side of every roll. We get the rolls down and up with ejertric. hoists. E. G. ADAMS (Oswego Falls-Sealright, Fulton, N. Y.): We stack our paper the same way. We don't stack as high as you. do, We have a safety rule in our plant that the though. * Our building won't permit it. end rolls have to have this visible block, and on a 40-inch roll only one block is necessary MR. SILER; We had to build a special on one end of the. pile--that is, on one side building with a special bay to take it four of the roll--and if at any time that block is- 'high. Each roll averages around3600 pounds. not in place the employee is certainly taken CHAIRMAN BERRY: I imagine that in into camp for not'having the block in place. stacking that way, naturally you try to con It has a two-fold purpose. Of course, the idea of its being positive is one thing, and then the second idea' is the fact that it is fine your rolls, all to one width if possible. Do you also make a practice of stacking the butt rolls separately? visible. You put a 3- or 4-inch block under MR. SILER: Yes. we do. neath a stack of rolls and you cannot see it, but this visible block you can see at a dis tance because it is just an iron device that comes up the side of the roll, and every em ployee knows that if this block is not in place, he is supposed to put it in place or to check the pile, and we do not have accidents from that To release the block the employee CHAIRMAN BERRY: I know that a few accidents have been caused by- that in box board manufacturing. They^wtbutt,rolls back in the pile with l^pg^roDs^ndL sodher or later they get into : W. G. ETTER (Rive? ___ Monroe, Mich.): I should like to ask Mr. knocks ou the block and can turn the front or bottom foil out towards him. The roll immediately above goes the other way and Long if be uses electric trucks in the han dling of those rolls. What is the procedure in handling'them? he can almost let those rolls down at will. MR. LONG: We roll these rolls into place We had a number of sprains and bruised . and then we have an electric lifter, a regular feet until we put this device in about .four or platform that goes up, and we just lift these five years ago and we havn't had any trouble up alongside of the pile and then put them on since. I have sketches of it at the -plant,, and the platform and roll them in. if anyone is interested in diem, I will be glad to send them to him if he will return them to me after they have served his purpose. MR. ETTER: My problem comes with the electric truck; and I can't see where the ma jor block that you describe will answer any A. J. BASILE .(Lawrence Paper Co., problem like that iividual nn roll t Is the Regis* bout 60 e. We and we ch tier. Js in a ie, and lots or 11 over he roll >n each wn and alright, lesame ou do, .t a few in box Scrolls sooner'. sk Mr. te hanicedure a place regular 't these hem on nth the he roa rer any _ - t * Paper and Pulp Section 525 MR; LONG: Well, this block is, of course, MR. NEWBURY: They are lifted by mostlyfor storage. We have these stacks of boist both in and .put paper, all in rows, and then the roll hauler, as we call him, lets these rolls down and puts them on two-wheel trucks and trucks them to our converting machines. Each one of. these CHAIRMAN BERRY: When the first roll is taken out', what control do you have over the following rolls? piles has oneof these positive blocks in front, on the key roll, on the bottom, so that he just lets it out and lets down three rolls at a time and brings die block back into the next one. MR ETTER: That is handled by hand? MR. NEWBURY: The slant is not great enough that it will ease right on down on tiie front block. H. H. ADERHOLD (Marathon Paper Mills Co., Menasha, Wis.): This one is a little complicated I think We print rolls of MR. LONG : That is right I would call, bread wrappers,, large rolls--they call them it a hand operation. - "Jumbo rolls"---I imagine about 6 feet long and not quite 3. feet in diameter and, of MR. ETTER: You have no mechanical course, there is an ink drymgproblem there. operation? You cannot very well set the rolls on any MR. LONG: No. We now hare a ware house and we would like to get enough paper to try it We are going to try decking our. rolls five .feet high by the same method. thing, because the weight will make the pa per stick We used to use regular 'roll racks, just iron framework and we could tier the rolls a couple of tiers high and take them off with, a chain block. We have' one section of F. H. ROSEBUSH (Nekoosa-Edwards Paper Co.,. Port Edwards, Wis.): We handle all of our sheet rolls with electric hoists and a traveling crane. We use a triangular block. It is probably 16, 18 or 20 inches in length and 12 or 14 indies high.' The high side of it' is. sawed out to conform to tin: roll. On the bottom of this block we have'tacked an old piece-of bdting, a long strip so that the roll rests'on that strip. We stack sometimes 8 and 9 feet high, 30-inch rolls of various lengths. We have never had a case where the rolls slipped or pushed out. I don't see how they can, resting on that strip of belt that'is nailed to the bottom of the block and tbe block cut ont to fit your roll. It seems to be a pretty safe practice. those old racks and, believe me, it's a job to get some of those old rolls out because the tramways are not high enough over the racks. You cahnot pull some of the.rolls up high enough and there is slipping and strain ing of backs: In"enlarging the plant the en gineering department built a roll rack on a continuous chain. The rolls are four high, with a heavy pipe through them, tile ends of which lock into a lode on the continuous chain. That is run by electricity. The opera tor stands off to.tiie side of the rack I guess there are about five racks right by the side of each other and he stands between two racks of rolls, with his finger on the control buttons, and he just pushes the button and .waits until the roll that he wants comes around and then he can take it off right at H. E. NEWBURY (Ecusta Paper Corp., the level of the lift truck, just roil it off of Pisgah Forest N. C) : We had a good deal (he rack That is the hard way of doing it, of trouble in our plant with stacking those but it was necessaty. in our. case because of rolls on top of each other and we went to a tbe printed paper. sted frame. These rolls are put into the back of the steel frame on a tramway and rolled right up to the front The rolls, of course, are on top of each other, but do not touch, and they are put in there by an electric hoist This sted rack is four tiers high. In that way none of the paper toadies the other rolls, but it is piled up on top of each other four tiers high* Now I have one question. We make a lot of small rolls of waxed bread wrappers. Thor weigh about 40 pounds each and they vary in length aid the diameter is about 9 indies to a foot We have more trouble with men haul ing these on dads or trays on lift traces and having the top ones fall off going anoumlcor ners than we. have with large rolls; slipping. H others of you have had that problem, I CHAIRMAN BERRY: How are the indi should like to get ideas from you on how you vidual rolls gotten into the framework? have handled it We belt the top layer and > - l Si 'C--; 526 30th National Safety Congress try to go around comers-at a reasonable Do you have any kind of a signal warning speed and that helps, but I would like some people when your overhead cranes are ap other ideas. proaching them, or what rifles do you have to MR. SILER: How many rolls of paper do you handle? M. ADERHOLD: They tier them about 4 high, about 30 on a trade MR. SILER: We never handle any more than 2 on an electric track. We keep three electric trucks running day and night protect your men working underneath die cranes, for cooperation between your opera tors and your groundmen. .^,s MR. SILER: In our case the man-who operates die electric trade also operates die crane. He takes the truck up to the tier that he wants and then he selects his crane. We have several of them. We also have cross . MR. ADERHOLD: These are snail rolls, tiered 4 high, and handled on a tray on a hand-truck. MR. ROSEBUSH: We always tie the top and the next to the top. over cranes. He walks along on die ground with that crane to the tier that he wants and elects his roll of paper and brings it back and puts it on his truck, and in that way there is never anybody in this row but himself. One man does everything and nobody can MR. ADERHOLD: Two layers? MR. ROSEBUSH: Two layers. GEORGE G. GIBB CCan. International Paper Co., Gatineau, P. Q.): Getting bade to the original question, there is one dung I should like to mention; I know where the get in his road because he is die only man there. CHAIRMAN BERRY: In your case then, your controls are all operated from die floor or by ropes evidently. . MR. SILER: That is right rolls have fallen and the primary cause was die condition of die floor. 1 think that is very important ~ CHAIRMAN BERRY: I have in mind die cab type cranes and die operators oper ating director from die crane. Some firms I know oLrepjre that they sound areas, warn Falls From the Rolls ing i^hoever {^underneath die crane to move CHAIRMAN BERRY: We will take up this item: "What is .done to dumnate die possibility of falls from die top of roll piles whore it is necessary for employees to walk on these rolls to' locate die particular stock item they want?" out I know that I never, no mat ter howstrong the mains are, want to walk directly underaeatk a roll when it is moving overhead, and I will gladly step aside when I see it coming because there is always, die chance of its breaking. Of`course, for those of you who have the ideal building and set-up where you can marie diem and you can see what you have without getting op on die rolls, that is fine; but some of us are not that fortunate, so who mil at tempt to answer die question? - This next question is in line with that for cranes having die cab type operation. "Are crane operators required to wear, goggles? The reason I asked that question is because you have the factor there that the continual rolling of your cranes over your monorails will cause .a lot of wear, and steel deposits It has been found that many of the falls wear off "from your rails and from' your have been caused by the top or the bottom lap wheels. If the.window happens to be "open, coming loose and protruding over die end. it is very easy for foEagnfrodies to be carried When the groundmen or pitmen step on them into the operator's eyes. they go down between the piles, if there is enough room, and they have sprained ankles. If yon can see that all those loose laps are torn off and thrown away, it will help a lot Going over to your corragator and paster, to get into die goggle question again, are goggles required when scraping pressure rolls or corragator rolls? Who wants to comment Downstairs in the hall, there is a display on that? of rubber soles to prevent slipping, and some MR. BASELE: We do require the wearing companies do enforce the rale that their of goggles on our double-backer end, espe groundmen wear shoes with rubber soles on cially scraping pans, and on die corragator them when they are climbing around. aid, as you say, scraping rolls, Our slitter mihg i? i ... i the pera''S. 'Who s the that We rossotmd sand back there lselt can man floor mind ipexms I amnove matwalk the t for 'Are *s?" anse inual rails DSItS jronr pen, ried ster, are rolb nent ring speator itter Paper and Pulp Section 527 operator on the slitter .attachment, on the During the course of the past year, in edit double-backer end of the corrngator, is re ing the News Letter, several individuals in quired to wear goggles. Any time .he is this Section have written in about guards scraping the shafts or scores or slitters, he is . for stitching machines to prevent finger in required to wear them. I have had a lot of juries. One individual stated that it is im difficulty in our plant with silicate of soda. possible to guard a stitching machine. An We use it for adhesive in Our combining other comes back and says, "It can be done process, and we have bad trouble with that and it has been done. We are using them." entering the man's eyes. I hate had about Can somebody give us a description, or tell ten cases this year, minor cases. ' us what particular type of guard they have - on their- stitching machines? Don't any of MR. ADERHOLD: We do not have a you hare any stitching.machines? corrngator, but I think this is allied to it Our cores are shipped in and cut to length MR. ETTER: They are automatic. They on regular core-cutting machines. This is one are guarded all over. We have had only one on our safety department The men on that instance in four years of anyone having been machine asked for goggles and they are all injured through that type of operation. wearing them, because they knew'about the silicate hazard before we did. Finger Injuries CHAIRMAN BERRY: Getting back.to CHAIRMAN BERRY: Well, whereas the Lawrence-Paper Company, if fremember you bare nad only one case in four years, I .correctly, you bad quite a few cases of for known from reviewing the accident repents eign bodies in the eyes due to the dry sili that come in from the Section that there are cate on the sheets breaking up. May I hear quite a few reportable injuries from this {ar some discussion on it, please? .What type of ticular point of operation, and one reason I control do you have, if any, or- what do you wanted to see if I could find out anything think can be done in handling sheets? here is because it might be.a help to some of MR. BASILE: The principal place is on the take-off ends of our machines, principally us who do not hare a guard on the stitching at tiie point of the stitching operation. therotary slitters and slotters. As that sheet However, tins one individual who came is slitted and slotted those particles of sili-. back at me with the particular type of guard cate in the sheet are broken up, and as the that he ha$ Mr. Henry G. Lamb, Safety sheet is handled from the machine onto the Engineer for the Scott .Paper Company, at loads, those particles are thrown into the air Chester, Pennsylvania, bas a barrier type-of and enter the men's eyes. . guard, which they hare found to'be success ful. If any of you wish to write Mr. Lamb, Problem of Chapped Hands at. the Scott Paper Company, Chester, Penn sylvania, he will furnish you with the neces- CHAIRMAN BERRY: "Does the condi 1 sary detrils. tion of chapped hands on tapers come up in cold weather, and if so how is the condition of c*r.a*cked hand.s and infectio'ns prevent'ed?9" The next question is, "When feeding strawboard into corrngator roll, what in structions hare been issued to operators to That is for you trim have a lot of girls who prevent fingers from bong caught?" Does do a lot of this taping either by machines or somebody have an answer to that. by hand. Well, the answer to that question las been given me by an individual who is not present He stated that in their company it is the policy to ask the girls to wash their lands frequently and not to allow the glue to accumulate on their hands; and they also provide cold cream to be used after washing. Well, the answer I have here is, "Paper should' be held, against the upper corrngator roll with tiie prim of the band, with the fingers bade in a concave manner, so that tiie band will not follow the soil around, but will run up over the guard." . They .say that is a big help in preventing Now, I know that some of you bare ques chapped hands, which would develop infec tions on your minds- about a' particular tions if the; cracks were allowed to go long operation. I should like to ask at this time enough. for someone to start tiie discussion by asking 528 30th National Safety Congress ; questions on something that we haven't cov back of your knife? At the moment that fa ered. all I can think of .that you-might not have. . MR. ETTER: We have a problem that H. J. LEMENSE (Eddy Paper Corp, we have tried to solve for two years. It is Three Rivers, Wfa.): Maybe I have- some on an old type paster,- and we ran into die thing on the question of cracked and (happed problem only when we cut excessively long hands that will help you. I notice that it fa pieces of paper which necessitates an em advertised downstairs especially for printers ployee getting on top of the paster. He sits who get ink on their hands. We bought up there. As the rotary knife comes around some of it for the boys to try out and it fa so to cut, the action of the knife cutting on an popular with them that we now buy it in angle buckles this sheet and it comes back large quantities. It fa a very thin cream that automatically over the top. We have done they put on before they go to work and the everything we could to find some way to stop ink does not ding to their hands and then- that sheet from budding at the cut-off hands are not dumped. You know that Among them was placing a half-moon piece printers have quite a profftem in the washing of steel on this rotary knife that would of their hands. It really works out swelL . come around and act as a hold for that sheet as it budded, but it certainly has not been successful. . CHAIRMAN BERRY: No doubt quite a few of yon are usiug the same tiling, since this gentleman brought it up. I am glad, CHAIRMAN BERRY: That is buckling however, that it has been brought out, be bdiind the knife? cause many of ns must go through the process MR. ETTER: That fa right. -of experimenting with products until we find ...tiie right one. We.don't-like to do a com CHAIRMAN BERRY: Who wants to mercial, but if we know that somebody dse attempt to answer the question. Do any of has used a product and found it to be' good, you have the same problem? I don't know it saves us the necessity of experimenting and what the thickness of your paper. i& We do going through all of the trials and tribula not have a rotary knife on tiie/ epd of our tions. ~ paster. We use it on a heavier Board, we will say from Ya to f^-inch thick- and that Rubber Pinger-tipuor Gloves helps a lot We get a certain amount of . /Iflps ROSEBUSH: I wonder if the budding and I^?an see where if your paper. ^gentleman who raised that question has ever fa hot as thick as that you would have a - tried^using rubber fingertips. Our girls use major problem.. Several years ago when we them quite extensively. - had a split sheet running through there, the helper on the bade side decided that he would help fa through just as the operator on the front side tripped the knife, with the result that he lost the end of his thumb. I trill try to put your problem up to the En gineering Section of the Council, if yon haven't already done so, and see if they can CHAIRMAN BERRY: On your taping machines? MR ROSEBUSH: Yes, and in the han dling of paper, too. Their fingers wore down through the first sltin and got rough, but we have had pretty good success with rubber fingertips. work out something that may help yon. CHAIRMAN BERRY: That is a new' MR ADAMS: I should like to .know angle to me, Mr. Rosebush. Thanks a lot something about the stock that goes through MISS JANE NOTLEY (Allied Paper there. Is that a sheet of paper? Mills; Kalamazoo, Mich.): We have , tod MR ETTER: Solid fiber sheeting 100 or 120 point ., trouble with dermatitis from rubber finger tips.' MR ADAMS: It just occurred to me . that possibly it was of -light enough weight CHAIRMAN BERRY: There fa another angle. Have you tod any of that? that compressed air might help. MR ROSEBUSH: No, we haven't CHAIRMAN BERRY: We use our ro CHARLES HANK (The Ftintkote Go, tary knife on 80 to 100' point Do you have, Chicago Heights, UL): It is trne that rub a set of squeeze' rolls or take up rolls on the ber gloves do give you dermatitis, especially 1 that is tt have. 1 ) e-same* [happed at It Is printers bought it is so or it in am that and the id their w that vashing relL . it gmte & since n glad, mt, beprocess we find a com* idy else e good, tpg qnd tribola- l if die as/^er irl !e taping he han 't down bat we rubber a new ' s a lot Paper W: bad finger* another n't He Co., at rob* periaRy Ppper arid Pulp Section 529 if they are of-vegetable robber. We found it comes ! out of the dispenser before it en that*we had a Jot ofdermatitis doe torubber tirely cools. Of course, they do not touch gloves--our men . wear , long gloves--and to all. of the cups, but nevertheless they do in get away from that we got synthetic rubber die course of die day come into contact.with atm they seemed to help considerably. Yon die hot paraffin and paraffin in the spray haven't the sulfur that yon have in the veg form. etation robber^ MR. ADAMS: I thought I could help, MISS NOTLEY: I wonder if we could but .1 am afraid I cannot because I cannot get just the fingertips .of die synthetic robber. think of a single instance where the girl MR. HANK; I don't know why you could not touches .die product until die paraffin is cooled. : - CHAIRMAN BERRY: That probably MISS NORMA A. BORNFIELD (Mar falls in the same category as, for instance, inette Paper Co, Marinette, Wis.): In our where yon are pasting board with silicate of industry, where girls are using blue and, soda. You have a shaving to take away, . materials that get into the fingers and create unless you aietqmpped to take it away with . chapping add cracking of die fingers, we conveyors, which a lot of us are not. In . have used one oxide adhesive very, wdl, our plant a shaving boy will be on there ' wrapped around the fingers mid- after die maybe an hour and we will have to take hours of employment are over, they remove him off of that operation altogether because, this adhesive with carbon' tetrachloride and especially if it is warm weather, he will massage the bands and fingertips with lano have a breaking out on his arms. We will lin ointment and we have no difficulty what generally try it a second time, and then if ever resulting'from'that condition. . it pops up again we will have to keep him MR ETTER: May I ask if that is a -off of the operation, because we find some cloth-backed tape or a paper-backed tape? girls and .some men who are allergic to silicate. MISS BORNFIELD: badeedtape. It is a doth- . E. C. PETERS (Atlas-Boxmakers, Inc, s Chicago, HL): One problem has come up MR. ETTER: Of course, when a person that is as yet unsolved on the baler. They ? gets a sore finger or the outer layer of the seem tunable to get any goggles that will skin u worn down, we also use tape the same prevent tbisdnst that comes from the chute as they do, but at the end of die day it is from flying into .die workers' eyes. The cleaned off with ether and that is all. dustproof goggles that they are using are MR. KXJEBLER: In manufacturing .pa causing swat inside which bums their eyes. per cups over SO per cent of our products are MR. ADERHOLD: Do you also use a coated with wax. I imagine that a great -. respirator on the baler?. many of you people coatyoor paper with wax also. A dermatitis condition is developed which we have diagnosed as paraffin der matitis. Wehave found no cure for it. The only thing we have been doing with people: who are allergic to this condition, is to transfer diem. That is a costly process because MR. PETERS: No. R. F. WOLF (Bird & Son, foe, Shreve port; La.): There is a certain type of goggle inside of which they put water, and all you have to do is to shake the goggle up and down and itwashes die lenses dear. we might get agirl broken in, in the treating MR;PETERS: Does that just eliminate department and find out a. couple of weeks the dust that prevents them from seeing? later that die does have paraffin dermatitis MR WOLF: No, it eliminates die per and then we have to transfer her. spiration that takes place in there, and die E.G. ADAMS: Do the girls touch the goggle, is also dustproof. product when the paraffin is still hot or wanh?u MIL KUEBLER: The' paraffin is in a CHAIRMAN BERRY: It eliminates fogging. I believe that is what they call their "Nod-and-Shake" goggle. molten state and is sprayed on the a$. They MR'RICHARDSON: We: have had get it from the spray chamber and also as trouble in getting our mem to handle flats l 530 , 30th National Safety Congress properly. I wonder if anybody has a solution as to the stacking and unstacking of flats and also getting die men not to stand them on end. CHAIRMAN BERRY: We probably all have the same trouble, but I should like to hear somebody tell what 'they do in their particular plant, what instructions they have for piling flats. Mr. Cashman, do you have an answer for that? MR. CASHMAN: That is where we come back to the safe operation specifications. It is a problem not only in the paper indus try, but in every industry that has flats; it is usually just `Jack of supervision and lade of care on the part of the employee. Proper instruction and constant follow through on the part of supervision should control your condition as well as anything that I know of. CHAIRMAN BERRY: When you get bade to this proper supervision, you can really get yourself into hot water. Naturally the foremen and supervisors are responsible for (jurying out these orders. In some plants more or less alt you can do is suggest and it. really gets to be a'difficult problem some times.- \ (Mr. Kuebler resumed the Chair.) .< CHAIRMAN QUEBLER: Thank you very much, Fred I am sure that we all en joyed these discussions and you did your usual good job. TUESDAY AFTERNOON SESSION October 7, 1941 i : Qroup Session for Pulpwood Loggers Presiding--J. E. Canto/, Safety Director, Quebec North Shore Paper Company, Baie Gomeau, Quebec, Canada. CHAIRMAN CANTIN: I am pinefa-hit- should be instituted in the Section with a ting this year. Unfortunately, the chairman view to providing some additional service of die Permanent Committee on Pulpwood for those engaged in pulpwood logging; but Logging Operations, which was fanned last whoever it mayvhave beai, the discussion year, was unable to attend tins meeting, due resulted in the presentation at last, year's to the defense program in the United States. Congress of a report to the Paper and Palp- At the last minute we decided that we would Section by a temporary Committee on Pulp try to do something, nevertheless, see how wood Logging Operations.- -That report, many were interested in pulpwood logging which was InSed. mainly upon answers re operations, and decide if we would go ahead ceived to .a rather simple questionnaire sub in die coming years. mitted to companies in the Section recom The program this afternoon is to be an open discussion on safety in pulpwood log mended that die Section institute some form -.of permanent representation for that branch ging operations. Mr. Chant is here,-who is of the industry. .- J; * well versed in die various problems, and I Your Executive Committee was instructed would like Mr. Chant to get die discussion at one of die sessions last year to appoint a started. standing committee on Pulpwood Logging D. B. CHANT (Ontario Pulp & Paper Operations, and (hat committee was appoint Makers Safety Association, Toronto, Can ed. The personnel of the committee selected ada): As Mr. Cantin has told yon, this meeting is more or less in the nature of an was G. L W3ds, of die Brown Paper Mill Company, Mooroe, Louisiana/as chairman; experiment. Up until last year there had been J.* E. Cantin, of die Quebec North Store very little activity in* die Phper and Pulp Section in connection with the pulpwood logging operations of member films.' I don't Paper Company, Baie Comeau, Quebec; and B. E. Claridge, of die Hammermill Paper . Company, Erie, Pennsylvania. know exactly who was responsible for raising As Mr. Cantin has also told you, Mr. the point that some activities of this sort Wilds has been seriously hampered in die . carry mittc quite out c part Nc appoi I fra caiis< . of conm these simp! has) field thotq meat calta the r expai thing in la can i Of assur meet lem loggi jobi plant cost meat ingp the?2 nets, the c their tract mg v are t prodi Tb of pc know ance usual bqrcn dons serio It . conic press with Paper and Pulp Section 531 . carrying out of his desire to make that com coming year of a more detailed and specific mittee 'function, through unexpected and , program to deal with some of these. quite heavy demands upon his time. arising out of the defense program m that particular I do not personally feel competent to sugwj,at ;*ems might be dismissed. But I part of the country. (_ j,ave ajdirect interest in the reduction of Now, while naturally l am somewhat dis appointed at die attendance at this meeting, I frankly admit that I am not surprised, be cause it has not been the practice of many . of our member firms to send their people connected directly with woods operations to these Congresses in the past, for the very simple reason that the Congress as a rule has had very little to offer to that particular field of the industry. It was exactly with the thought of attempting to remedy in . some measure that ladr that this meeting was called. It is a beginning, however, 'and if accidents and their cost in pulpwood logging operations, for toe reason that toe association by which; I. am employed consists of all of toe pulp and paper firms in toe Province of Ontario, many of whom do their own log. ging on their own forest areas and pay sub stantial compensation, assessments to cover the cost of their accidents; It is one of my major problems to try by every means that I can discover to assist those firms to con trol their accidents and toe cost of their acci dents, with a view to keeping the assessment rate down to toe lowest possible point. the need exists and the desire exists for an At present, in toe Province of Ontario, the expansion of this small beginning into some - assessment rate on pulpwood logging is' ex thing more useful and of greater magnitude actly three times the rate per hundred dollars in later years, I feel sure that development of .payroll in toe pulp or paper .mills. The can and will come about total amount in dollars and cents per year Of course, it would hardly be right to assume that the Only people interested in a meeting of this son and in the general prob lem of accident control in the pulpwood is hot a true measure of toe problem, inas much as the actual rate per hundred dollars is three times in toe woods what it is in the mill logging field would be those whose principal ,1 would suggest, Mr. Chairman, as. a be job it is to cut and deliver the wood to the ginning for our discussion, that you find but, plants. The cost of pulpwood enters into the if possible; individually from those present, cost of. pnlp and hence into the cost of the first of all, what their personal connection . finished paper; it is such an important de and interest is in the pulpwood logging field; ment in tint cost tint nip firm either produc ing pulp or paper.or using the end product of the?ipdustiy in remantifaicluring paper prod and secondly, what the present assessment rate or premium rate applying to those op eration is--just to get some idea of what the ucts, can afford to be entirely neglectful of magnitude of toe problem is as represented tin cost of pulpwood, whether they ate doing in this room. their own logging, whether they axe'coin trading their logging, whether they, are buy CHAIRMAN CANTIN: Thank you ing wood in theopen market, or whether they, very much. are merely buying and remanufactaring the products of the wood. He cost of accidents in the production of pulpwood is a very definite factor, as you know. The assessment rates or the insur ance rates in the various jurisdictions are usually considered to be qrnte excessive; far beyond the rates applying to the mill opera tions, and their reduction represents a very serious problem to the industry. Of course, there are a few of you from Canada, and toe Province of Quebec, and we know what rate we are paying, and I know what interest you have in .pulpwood logging. ' I would like to hear from this gentleman in the corner. W. A. GLEASON (Hammennill Paper Company, Erie, Pi.): The compensation rate at Erie is approximately 35. cents for It was hoped that a general discussion . could be had here of toe important and pressing. problems in that particular field, with a view toward the development in toe toe. handling of jptdpwpod off of toe boats. But-1 don't think that is a fair comparison in computing toe cost of your logging opera tions. That is a shipping . proposition, toe n^i &>i ftfli fop *. i!iljl' (fftj J i|i ;. ii; I-1 MM- 532 30th National Safety Congress wood being brought into Erie aboard the boat CHAIRMAN CANTIN: Mr. Gleason, do yon art pulpwood? Have yon any actual catting operations? MR. GLEASON: -No. That is done by contract CHAIRMAN CANTIN: Are the contrac tors cutting on your own limits? MR. GLEASON: They are cutting on our own limits. . CHAIRMAN CANTIN: Do yori know what the rate is for compensation insurance on cutting operations ? MR. GLEASON: I can't answer that I didn't check before I left CHAIRMAN CANTIN: You hare fair ly extensive operations, I imagine. they have been, paying the $6 rate all through the year, will get a refund* check, or a credit, down.'to a certain base fignre. CHAIRMAN CANTIN: To the average rate for the class. The average rate might be $3.00; it might be $4.00; $450. There will be no one who will pay below this average rate. In other words, if your am-. dent cost is only $3 = a hundred and the average rate is $4, you would pay toe $4 rate. MR DRAPER: I brought up the ques tion for toe benefit of others whoperhaps haven't gone that far in compensation legis lation. I think it is a very interesting scheme. CHAIRMAN CANTIN: Is there any one here who has logging operations in toe * States proper? MR. GLEASON: Not too extensive, no. We buy, of course, in the open market--a lot of our pulpwood--and we do cut some on our own timber limits in Matane. L. R SIMPSON (Brown Paper Mill Company, Monroe/ Louisiana).: We are not cutting on oar own territory right now, but we are going to very shortly. It is being handled now on contract basis, and I don't CHAIRMAN CANTIN: Then you.have know what it costs. But Mr. Wilds made a a Quebec operation? statement at his meeting here a year ago that MR GLEASON : Yes. Southern pine logging people are paying 2S cents a cord compensation to get it oat of CHAIRMAN CANTIN: Well, the rate toe woods. . , there thls year, provisionally, is $6per $100 of payroll. This rate will be finally adjusted at die end of the year on .a basis of merit CHAIRMAN SANTIN: That's a pretty stiff rate. rating. The rate which was found to have MR SIMPSON: Of coarse; we are not carried the class as a whole at the end of particularly interested in it because the con 1940 was $5, and in view of our merit rat tractor is paying the bill. ing system, this rate was increased one dol lar, bringing it up to $6 provisionally. The reakm, I imagine, was to collect from those employers whose experience might be bad this year the maximum rate which is ap CHAIRMAN CANTIN: The contractors are cutting tins wood fbr you and are pay ing directly to toe state fund--state insur ance^ if it exists in your part of toe country, plicable for 1941; and anyone having.an ex or to an insurance company. But yon are perience below $6 win benefit by a reduction indirectly interested in it'-because; one way in the rate, which will not be any lower than or the other, it comes into'toe. cost of your, the average rate which will be required to -wood. If your contractor has to paya seven carry the experience of the class as a whole or eight or nine dollar rate per $lGOof pay for 1941. JULIUS A. DRAPER (Consolidated Paper Corporation Limited, Grand Mere, Que bec) : The benefit of this merit rating, as -I roll, irstands to reason that he is going to take into account this insurance cost when he accepts a contract to put wood for you at so much per cord. understand it, will come in the form of a MR SIMPSON: Well, I am very modi refund check from the commission, won't it? interested in this problem. We know it is. I mean those whose experience has been high a great problem, getting toe tologdown to will pay at the maximum rate of $6; those the-fanner who actually does the work, with whose experience has been good, although his help on the farm/ maybe the boys. There M all **> age ght wire' this Dathe $4 lesaps S"" ttrjg ythe mu not bat Qn't le a flat 2S i of Btfr not xm- tor? nyrartry, are vay oar.-. ven ny- I to ben a at neb fr is ito vith icre Pafer and Pulp Section have been some bad accidents. The only wayweare going to improve it doom in onr section is. to improve the accident record att around. It wouldn'tdo any good for iny con cern to improve the accident record and none of the rest of them do anything about it The only way we can bring die rate down is for all the Southern.mills to get together and do something about the accident record in die woods. . ' MR. DRAPER: Merit rating is die an swer. . believe mahy of crnr contractors cany insur ance. Therfc leave the case open. When any thing happens, thelawyer usually puts in an appearance^and they take it to court and do die best digy'dan. . MR. CHANT: That is another phase of t die logginj| industry that we only have in a 'very limited way--die removal of stumps from caomsifas and road clearance. We are not interesjted, as i.nflfe, as paper.companies, in die removal of stamps. We just remove the tree and leave the stamps.' MR. SIMPSON: Of course^ I can't do anything about it becausemy bands are tied in die mill, unless we get another man on die job. CHAIRMAN CANTIN: It is undoubtedly a full time job, especially if your opera tions axe extensive. MIL CHANT: I would-like to ask, Mr. Simpson, if in the state of Louisiana yon have a state compensation act? MR. SIMPSON: Yes. : MR. CHANT: When yon refer to con tracts, do you mean that you contract for the cutting of wood from limits or areas on which you bold cutting rights or'pwn the timber, or do these contractors cat wood on their own areas, in which case it would be practically a purchasejof wood on your part? . MR. SIMPSON: It is on die smaller areas. MR. CHANT: Not owned by your com. pany? ' In other words, your contract- with them is really a purchase contract? MR. TYRE; We use about 650 tons of those a day. - CHAIRMAN CANTIN: And it is more or less, I suppose, in die nature of a blasting operation, i - MR. TYRE: We get them out with our B8 tractors now. MR. CHANT: In any effort that this Section may make to assist pqlpwood loggers, one of our dififfcolties, I think^ is going to be the great difference in the types of logging, in various parts of the country; and secondly, the difference in- logging practices.. Seine companies cut wood .mainly- in. four-foot lengths in the woods and it is handled in that form from the stump to die mill. Others cut almost all of their wood in sixteen-foot logs, which makes it very nearly. parallel to a lumbering operation. Others cot- almost en tirely eight-foot wood. Others, again, cut a mixture of all three. So the problem varies not only from province to province and state to state, but even from one compaqy's opera tion to another's, and there is a wide differi.ence in die problem 'so far as accident pre vention is concerned.^ MR. SIMPSON: That's ri^L ,~.S. H. TYRE (Henmles Power Company, Hattiesburg, Mississippi): My company is net interested in die pulp business, bat I came here to. learn something about logging because we do have a stamp operation. We use the old lon&leaf pine stamps and make resin, turpentine^ and pine oil from them, -and die wood pulp angle of tins convention was' the only one that is easily associated with die removal of forest products. I am afraid I can't contribute anything to your insnrance problem or rates. Our. raw material is contracted for, and we have no compensation law in the state, and I .don't The four-foot logging operation, of course, involves agreat deal more manual handling of- the' wood. The sticks are piled by band after they are cot, into piles of one cord or multiples of a cord. They are loaded by hand on die sleighs or trucks fo be moved either to the point where they are dumped . into the river to be floated on .the way. to die mill, or to the point where they are loaded on railroad cars--almost every operation a man ual operation. Against that yon have the sixteen-foot logging operation, where the logs are skidded by either horses or small tractors' from the point where the tree falls to tile skidway, and are loaded onto the sleighs by mechan- Jl 534 30th National Safety Congress ical means--derricks, cables--and they are unloaded again mechanically and handled as logs right to die mills with very little manual handling. vary from $5 to $10, depending orfhow we write it, whether we write it under"what we call a retrospective basis, a merit rating plan, or just a straight policy. The two operations are very different, and CHAIRMAN CANW: So the oper yet we have both operations and variations ators down South should certainly be inter of both of them throughout the paper indus ested in tiie problems of safety in pulpwood try. and. combinations of them often in tiie logging operations, because at that rate, if same camp. It is a little hard to generalize as a section- cm the hazards or the means of correction of the accident risks, unless we all dearly understand that we are dealing they are paying between $5 and 10, there is certainly a good deal of money to save if they do go after accident prevention in their operations. ~ with very complex operating methods. MR. McCLOSKEY: It is considered a I think there is a great deal more difference very hazardous industry, due to a few op in the methods used in pulpwood logging erators that have caused considerable trouble than in the methods used in the manufacture in that particular line, and our bureau de of paper proper. There are variations in pends on an overall record in order to de types of paper machines, and soi on, but the termine its classification. general prindples of operation are almost identical in the paper mills, so that one paper mill's problems are largely those of any ether paper mill, from an accident point of view. That is not altogether true of CHAIRMAN CANTIN: You haven't very much of a spread there? - MR. McCLOSKEY: Not in that partic- - ular field. ' pulpwood logging. CHAIRMAN CANTIN; That is about JOHN McCLOSKEY (Bituminous Cas ualty Company, Rock Island, III.) : I came in here on logging and didn't mean to get the same problem we have in Quebec with the small sawmill. There are a great many of them,-but they are small operators. into'tiie pulpwood business. But we write J. W. ESTES (Homestake Mining Com considerable logging operations in North pany, Spearfish, South Dakota) :Whilejwe Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and Flor are primarily a mining company, in order ida. In the classifying of risks, we look at to supply the mine with the required amount the condition of the field, the swamp or the of timber, we operate a fairly sizable logging dryness of tiie particular timber area, and unit continuously. We have a 60,000 capac above all else, tiie labor involved. Up in this ity mill, and at this time we do practically part of the country we try to get men to all of our own logging. It is not too different wear safety shoes. In some of that logging .from your pulp logging, because our timber and timber area down there we try to get is small out in the Black Hills. Trees range them to wear shoes. That is one. of tiie approximately sixty to ninety feet, in height, problems we run into. We run into a sub occasionally one somewhat taller--a yellow contractor and a subcontractor and a sub pine or Ponderosa pine--and our" logs in contractor, all down the line, and it is a big sixteen foot lengths would ran perhaps from problem to control your logging operations twelve to sixteen to the thousand. because you are not dealing really with the man that holds tiie contracV It is a matter of going way back to somebody who really CHAIRMAN CANTIN: That is small wood. isn't interested in the compensation end of it, but he is legally a subcontractor and there fore liable under the compensation law. MR, ESTES: Yes. A few years ago we produced lots of cordwood for fuel, burned it on our own line, but at tiie present time we CHAIR CANTIN: May I ask the rate log about eighteen million a year. We are toucking these logs an average distance of that you charge? twenty-five to twenty-eight miles. We do MR. McCLOSKEY: I am notfamilar this with tandem trucks, tandem dud trailers with tiie rates in the various states down' or semi-trailers, and while we do have quite there. But as to tiie rate of $6 that you .a little manual work in regard to idling-these, quoted, I can say that in those states-jt will trees, lopping the tops and cutting the brash. nr we at we a*f operinterwood ie, if sre is .ve if their red a t opouble a de0 de- iven't irtic- about with many Cb*ne_,We aider "TN ) ipaccatty' trait mber srnge aght, ter 9 in from m?11 we xned ewe 1 are e of : do Hers mite hese. -tub. we doift have'-nearly as much, perhaps, as you haveThx^our palp operation.. Neverthe less, we do getracddents, We have fellows cut their toes off and hade their shins, or. they get hit on the head with a hanglimb or a .throwback, which in past years in die woods has been die cause of our largest percentage of accidents. CHAIRMAN CANTIN: So that you would be what we . call a Schedule 2 em ployer in Quebec. MR. CHANT: That would depend on whether the fund was segregated by indus tries, or whether it was one common fund for all industries. We do all of our skidding at this time with D6 caterpillars in full tree lengths. We bunch them in the caterpillars and then we hook onto,diem with a IHJ tractor, pick them up witfi a speed loader, and put them on the trades. CHAIRMAN CANTIN '. Then yon cat them in sixteen foot lengths, I suppose: MR. ESTES: I imagine it is segregated by industries. They have quite a little coal mining, and some metal mining and lumber ing. CHAIRMAN CANTIN: It looks very much as if you are paying .according to your own experience there. That, is what it amounts to. MR. ESTES: No, we have to cut these down to a maximum length of forty-five feet now. We haul too modi weight to get on die state highway, so we have to keep off it. Bat when we get them to die mill, we damp them into the canal and they are car ried to a.bode. We have a 96-inch power bucksaw, and there we cut them into-proper lengths for mine uses. That ranges from six feet to eighteen feet But in getting back to die compensation, as that seems to be quite die main topic here, we. operate both in Wyoming and South Dakota. While our mill is in South Dakota, we are' not very far from die Wyoming.line, and we are now polling our timber from Wyoming. Well, the crew that we have op erating in Wyoming, of course, must come under the Wyoming state compensation law, and we pay direct to the compensation de partment of the state of Wyoming an un fixed amount that is propd-ly corrected, I believe; quarterly. I haven't gone into that in much detail, but I do know that the rates are very reasonable., Our average rate of compensation paid1 in the state of Wyoming has not exceeded $1.50 per $100. CHAIRMAN CANTIN: You are acting as self-insurers. MR. ESTES : We are self-insurers, yes." CHAIRMAN CAN,TIN: IfT understand you correctly, while in' Wyoming you have a state, workmen's compensation law, yon are faying a deposit to die state commission out of which claims are paid. ' MR. ESTES: Yes. We pay into that fund. MR. ESTESYes. This rate will change now, from one quarter to another.. They may find that their fond is running a little low along that line, and they will increase the assessment They want to keep that fond somewhat in balance, and not get a lot of money in there that they don't need; neither do they want to run short V CHAIRMAN CANTINYour bunching operation and skidding operation , is some thing. wjifeh we hav^been going into now for the last two or three years in Ontario and in Quebec. We are actually experiment ing with this land- of work by tractor, so that we are meeting die same problems now that you are probably teed with, MR. ESTES: For a number of years, or up until the last three years, we worked horses. We bucked our logs into twelve to eighteeq foot lengths in the woods and skidded them with horses. But we have got ten away from horses. We used to work sixty head of horses, and now we don't own ahorse. It's all tractors. .... We have some difficulty in getting up to some of these trees with tractors. It's rough country. In fact, last winter we did tarn a tractor over. It rolled down the hill and rolled over eight times with' the-driver in it, covered by a litde canopy, it struck a tree and stopped--and he crawled out 1 CHAIRMAN CANTIN: Have you any idea what your accident experience is? The number of`accidents, per thousand man days, or per thousand man hours? MR. ESTES: I do not have those figures a * N--x 536 30th National Safety Congress with me, but I would say that in our woods be something very,. very interesting come we have perhaps one accident to four thou -from it sand man hours. I am basing that on a rec CHAIRMAN CANTIN; Thank you very ord that we used to keep during a contest much, Mr. Draper! You are quite right with the other departments. There was a' premium set up for die different departments. ^. Ijthink Mr. Chant will bear me out that that could run to ten thousand hours without^ last yeir it was our idea, originally to contact an accident. I think four to seven thousand ""the different pulpwood loggers in the United was as high as we ever got States and in Canada, who' might be inter ested in joining the National Safety Council. MR. DRAPER: I wonder- if I may make . This would have permitted us to'go ahead, a suggestion. and if not have a section of our own, at least This being the first meeting on this subject have a session or two at each Congress to at these Congresses,. it is to be expected discuss the particular problem with which that it is more or less of an exploration. We we am confronted in pulpwood logging op are going to look around and see how the erations. problem might be tackled. I don't think MR SIMPSON: What percent of the any of us doubt but that a very grave prob ...mills belong to the National Safety Council? lem exists, and by and large it is a common problem. MR. CHANT: It is approximately 24 per cent, I believe, of the mills listed in Lock~ My idea is to make a. suggestion to the wood's directory as a part of the pulp and Permanent Committee that they write die paper industry. However, you must rememwoods managers or comparable men in dif ber that while it is a relatively small per ferent organizations, cutting pulpwood, ex centage of the number of companies listed in plaining that we had this meeting in Chicago the'industry, h is a very much greater perin connection with the National Safety Con ' centage of the tonnage of production. Some- . gress; that the attendance was small; and that they should be. prepared, first, to join the National Safety .Council, (which, after all, only requires a nominal fee), and second ly, that next year they arrange to send a representative to this Cbngress to attend one or two sessions for pulpwood logging. This same letter could explain -that there are many general sessions in connection with thing more, I thing considerably more, than fifty per cent of the production of pulp and paper in North America is representedin Council membership, while perhaps only a quarter of the individual firms. The larger companies Us a rule are members of the Council; and the relatively small units are not members. ' these Congresses which a man who is inter CHAIRMAN CANTIN: I would add to ested in safety couldfind very beneficial. this, Mr. Chant, that amongst these members The general sessions in the mornings at this in the pulp and paper mills, a large majority Congress, I think, are remarkably fine experi of-them, die larger companies especially, are ences for anybody that is interested in safe doing their own pulpwood logging opera ty, regardless of what phase it is. tions. Further, I would suggest that this, letter .; CHANT: I think that is true. be followed up--say a letter every quarter-- to exactly the same men on exactly the same subject, until a month or so before the next Congress. I believe if we did that, we would perhaps fill a room like tins, and we wbuldalso have the men who would be in a position to or ganize here. They would know'what they want Most of its, I think, are mill men, or we are not very intimately connected with the woods, and we are hardly competent or we are not a large enough body to organize and say what we want from the sessions. I believe that if we could do that, there would CHAIRMAN CANTIN: And one thing .1 have noted, because it applies to my com pany particularly, is that while our mills are members of the National Safety Council, the woods end of the business has never been interested in it because the National Safety Council has had nothing, to offer to pulp wood loggers. That was oar main intention last year--to try and get the palp and paper mills interested In logging, to join op and pool our efforts in order to find solutions to the very many problems with which we are faced. I believe that is very important because. Paper and Puip Section 537 come , /)' bt at that contact United ; inter- bundL `ahead, it least ress to which ng op- ; of fte xmril? 24 per Lock up and emem11 per-, sted in ar perSomet than Ip and iterf-in only a larger add to embers ajority kf, are opera- tiling r comdis are cil, the r been Safety 'ptdptention lpper ip and ions to we are ecause, generally , speaking, the rate that we pay In our company, most of the operations are either tor. insurance or compensation in any done by contractors. mill for ptilpwood logging operation is, as Mr. Chant said a momeatago, if not three times, sometimes six or eight times the mill rate. They should be interested because, whatever their ptilpwood cost; their raw ma terial, which takes into account the insurance cost, or the compensation cost, affects, the CHAIRMAN CANTIN: OUr company . does , not cat all of its wood by company 'camps, as we call them. We have in the past . three or four years increased the number of company camps, thereby reducing the num ber of contractors that we formerly employed. final cost.of the'products which they make Eventually it is hoped that possibly 35 to out of this wood. If.the workmen's com 40 per cent of our cutting operations will be pensation rate is too high, it may add a cent done by company camps. or a half cent to a ton of paper which is produced, so that they have a direct financial interest in the problei m. We employ a good many contractors. They cut, naturally, on our own limits; and under our system of handling the contractors,- we MR. CHANT:-Well, from that point of do not allow them to report their operations view, in Ontario, roughly speaking,. with directly to the compensation board. We- re present labor rates in the woods and present port ourselves alls operations in the woods average production per man day, each one department, whether for a contractor or dollar at assessment On ptilpwood logging directly for the company. .The main reason reprgfrnts about six cents per. ton of paper behind it was that by so doing we would of die finished product. That's a rough fig have better control over the contractors' ex ure; it may be right cents. The last figure perience. We have had a merit rating system I had oo it, which was just about a year ago, of onr own until the contractors since 1931. worked out at about six cents. A saving of We charge the insurance to the contractor. one dollar in the assessment rate per hundred That is part of his contract We charge him dollars of woods labor represents six cents at the beginning of the season on a fixed ; saving hi the production, cost of a ton of `rate of so much per cord. The amount newsprint paper. That would .vary, again, . which he will actually pay under onr merit from grade to grade of paper. I am-speaking system depends on his accident experience. of newsprint, which is oar main paper pro That is why he is Interested. duction. Fine paper, containing ahigherpercentage of sulphite and hence a grriher quantity of wood per ton, would show a greater cost figure per too of paper. In other words, a four dollar rate is about twentyfive cents per ton of paper for that particular item of cost So it is relatively an important item. "= -Now, in the end, we pay for tills insurance, because while we charge insurance to the contractor,"it has already been included in the contract price which we have given him, hi other words. If we figure that twenty-five cents per cord would be the price that we - will charge the contractor for insurance, his contract price, instead of being five dollars D. T. MEANY (International Paper a cord, with insurance,-might have been only Company, Dalhousie, New Brunswick): I. $475 without insurance. So we pay for think the rest of us here would appreciate it this insurance. -- if you would review the pnlpwood operations of your company, so we could get a picture of how you handle yonr business. I know it is' differeiit than oars. . ...But here is what we get We believe that if we make him a partner with ns and show him where he may save ten cents or fifteen cent* a cord on top of the profit it would be Oar pulp and paper mills in New Bruns ' an inducement for him to work hard for a wick are grouped under "forest products," good aeddent experience, because that would and there has been a.surplus in oar work be so much more gravy for him, so much men's compensation fund which has reduced more profit for the execution of his contract the total deficit in the forest products group; which will vary from year to year. so the picture as a group doesn't look quite as bad as it realty is! We have operated this system since 1931, and these last two years we have added a Now, I understand that your company demerit system, because of the attitude of does its own cutting operations-in the woods. certain contractors. If they had a bad acd- 538 30th National Safety Congress . dent at die start of the season, it would lead them to believe, "Well, what's the use. I am not going to save anything on my insurance. I have got a death case on my hands and it is going to cost five or six or seven thousand dollars, so why should I worry the rest of the season?" That was in the days when .we were using as a basis for figuring the merit rating,- the cost of the accidents. We changed that We use die basis of frequency instead, so that we can tell a contractor, if he has the misfortune of killing a man at the start of die season, "Well, don't let that discourage you. This is only one accident Go ahead and don't lave any more, aqd you are still going to get in bn die merit rating system." It has had a good effect as the record shows. i On the other hand, we have also told the contractors, "If your accident experience is bad, we reserve the right to charge you, and you agree to pay up to thirty-five cents a cord, although we have only included twentyfive cents in this contract price, for this in surance," therefore penalising .him ten cents. So if he doesn't look after this accident pre vention, he is going to be die loser--and whenever you hit these guys in their pockets, boy, don't worry, they start doing something. If, due to a bad season, bad weather and poor wood and so on, instead of making the profit which they would have normally node, they find themselves at the end of the season with only twjenty or thirty( cents per cord profit, and if on top of that' we come along and take ten cents out of that because of their bad accident experience--you only do it once, generally. We found that the contractors are very much interested in this. They feel that they - are partners with us on this question of in surance, and they know that they are getting a fair deal. . MR. MEANY: Could you tell me the comparative experience between your con tractors and your own men that you put out in die woods? I mean your actualexperience --how does that compare? mean I can't go to a contractor^ employee and tell him, ``Listen here, that sdw of yours is not Working right You have a bad ax Your pulp hook is no good." Why. he would say, "Are you my boss? Who am I working for, you or John Batiste So-and-so?" I can go to John Batiste So-and-so because he is a contractor of mine and call his attention to the fact that such, and such a workman is taking unnecessary chances which might bring about! an accident to himself or some of his companions, and if die contractor is interested enough in accident prevention, be may rectify the situation. But if he is one of these fellows that has a certain laissezfaire and doesn't care one way or the other, where am I? And I also am;faced with this, situation: If he has three or four thou sand cords already cut on the:contract, I can't fire him and get rid of him.: I will next year; but I have to stand'him for the dura tion of the contract, MR. ESTES: Mr. Chairman, do your con tractors have a safety first man,:a man who has made causes of theses accidents a study; and through Ids efforts with the-employees has removed these hazards or in any way trained the operators to avoid accidents? Do you do anything like that? CHAIRMAN CANTIN: Well, this is how we do it The safety department, which I head up in our company, has charge of this. No individual camp has a safety man, proper ly speaking, although we have been striving for the past four year} to have such a man in the employ of a contractor directly inter ested in accident prevention, and ;we are get ting to the point I believe; where we will have that We already bave such inen in over fifty per cent of our camps, although they are not called safety inspectors, or any title re lating to accident prevention. >Each con tractor has to have a cleric in his camp to. keep proper records for the company, and we have gone to the trouble of training this clerk in first aid, and that is bow we hope to have; eventually, safety-minded persons in each camp. CHAIRMAN CANTIN: Well, the company experience is. generally better for ope reason; in a company camp, the foreman is a direct employee of the company, and so are the employees in that camp, whereas with the contractor we are dealing with an individual, and his employees are not directly ours. I I am a great believer in the first aid coarse to make a man safety conscious. We lave gone quite extensively into tins 'first aid question. In Bale Cotneau, which is where I have my office, we have in the woods departmeat now 78 certified first-aiders. Of these 78 men,. 25 have passed two courses, two rY-v Paper and Pulp Section 539 employee IT ofvOUTS aj )ax. ..fait^otild I working >?" I can ise he is a lendon to orkman is eh. might f or some itractor is cation, he he is <me in lausatthe other, aced with four thouxmtract, I [ will next die dura- >yoor con. man win. s a study, employees i any way lents? Do 11, this is ent wfeidi rgfi ^us. in,y<opera striving ach a man scfly interre are getre we will len in over h they are ty dde re* Sadi coo ls camp to. ny, and we {thisdetk pe to have, s in each aid course We have i '`first aid is where I 3ds depart. Of these arses, two have taken a third course. In the other tw<i> divisions we have an average of 25 men per division who are certified first-aiders, about half of whom have taken their second course and die other half.their first course. In one of these divisions there are four men with the third course. The results have been such that we fed that the money it has cost us to train these men in. first aid has been well repaid. Of course, we have extensive operadons, and you know that a dollar reduction in die rates with us means plenty of dollars at the end of die year. So this saving, when we have it in die reduction of die rate, as compand to what we spend for accident pre vention, although that runs into a few thou sand dollars every year, really amounts to considerable money, so we are well repaid. I brought with me, just to show yon how far we go.into this first aid business, a framed certificate---the first certificate and the second certificate. MR. DRAPER: Yon mentioned that yon have 78 St John's Ambulance Men in your woods organization. Are most of these clerks in die camps? CHAIRMAN CANTIN: No, not all of them. MR. DRAPER: Most of them, though? - CHAIRMAN CANTIN: No, because whenwe started this, we first took the fore-. f tbe higher-ups, somebody to give the ecunpkjl Safety 'Starts from the top, not from the bottom. We started with the fore men, die key men In our departments, from the manager of the plant down, because these fellows look at it this way? They say, "Well, If it's good enough for die manager, it ought to be good for me." If we would go directly to die worker or to the clerk in the camp and say, "Yon are going to take a first aid course. For two solid weeks you are going to have this every day," we would have .some kickbacks. . As far as the clerks in the bush are con cerned, we have this year 17 contractors in Baie Comeau, and in 12 of those camps there is a certified first-aider. MEMBER: As clerk? CHAIRMAN CANTIN: As clerk. We have gotten them to the point where we have interested the contractor enough to pay the fare of his cleric to come {b Baie Comeau or keep him in Baie Corneat* at the end of the season for the course, whuh lasts two weeks, and then to go back home. We see to it that this" man gets good lodging and good food for the period that ho is there. That is at pur efcn expense. ;t Now that the contractors have gotten in terested to this point, that they have a clerk who is a first aid man, this clerk generally' gets a few dollars more per month than if he were not a first aid man, fccanse we have shown them and they have realized that they are saving money by having such a man in their camp. Look at the number of cases of small cuts and nips that would normally go to the doctor three or four or five days afterward because of lack of proper attention, because a hand or a foot had become infected. Well, there is a man in that camp who is a certified first-aider, and he has taken a good course--you can believe that--because our . doctors have been very stiff. We don't want to give any''certificate to a man who doesn't cam It He's got to knowihis staff. MR. DRAPER: Yon have a doctor in each depot? CHAIRMAN CANTIN: No, we have no. depots. .. MR. CHANT: Do' you have any in firmaries in the woods? . CHAIRMAN CANTIN : No, because our operations are not far enough, out We may get to that within the next couple of years. MR. DRAPER: In other words, your woods superintendents. You have such of ficers, I suppose. MR. DRAPER: But you have .a doctor, haven't you, that looks after, say, your Franquelin district? CHAIRMAN CANTIN: Yes. - MR. DRAPER: It is safe to say, then, that all of your supervisors in your woods operations are St John's Ambulance Men? CHAIRMAN CANTIN: Yes. We start ed with these first, and ran down the line. CHAIRMAN CANTIN: Oh. there is a doctor in each plant--a company doctor in each division. We have, three divisions on the north shore., There are three doctors in Baie Comeau--company doctors, paid on a salary basis of so much per montit We have a doctor in Franquelin, yvho is also a com- m M  *r Iff : 540 30th National Safety Congress. pony employee. We have a doctor In Shelter Bay, who is also a company employee. MR. CHANT: Do you find that your clerics who are St John's Ambulance Men are inclined to take the responsibility of keep CHAIRMAN CANTIN: In the four years'that we have been in this, that has not yet become a problem, so I think it is safe to say that it is not something that we will have to worry about very much. ing die men in the camps under treatment for, . MR. CHANT: In most of the pulpwood say, three or four days,, rather than letting logging operations in Ontario, I think in them go out, or do you have trouble with- nearly all of them, the company doctor is that? located right in tfaewoods all of the time, CHAIRMAN CANTIN: No, that has not been a problem, because that is one point which we particularly impress upon the man who takes the first aid course, tbat'he is not a doctor. What we are teaching him is to take care of an accident the way it ghould be taken care of, not to take chances, to send them right down. and lie visits each camp at.least once a week, in some cases twice a week. There, of course; with the cleric trained in first aid, it is only a matter of three or four days until the doctor will be at that camp, and you can allow a d^ric more leeway to keep a man in the camp and try to persuade him not to go. out to town, but treat him for two or three days' until die doctor arrives. I can under MR. CHANT: Every case? Every in* stand where your arrangement is different, jury cue? . . if the doctor gets in,perhaps only ones a CHAIRMAN CANTIN: Not every in jury case. If a follow has a little cut in his hand through handling a stick of wood, and season. If there is no definite date that be is gtjing to call, the derk would not want to take; quite the same amount of responsibility. has a puncture wound, well, this man knows how to treat that, He is not just going to put iodine on this puncture wound. He is going to go inside, because it will dose soon, and if there is any dirt there, after two or . three days it will fester. The doctors showed. CHAIRMAN CANTIN: With us there is no need at present to have a doctor in the woods, to keep him in the woods. Practically every camp is along a .mam road of some land. Within an hour and a half or two hour from`any of our camps or operations him how to treat that puncture wound He you can get a man down to the base. has to go inside and clean it out If it is a bad puncture wound, he will put a bandage MR. CHANT: Have you telephones? on it give him good first aid, and ship him right down to see the doctor. The doctor may keep him for two or three days. CHAIRMAN CANTIN: A telephone in practically every camp--which is another feature. MR. CHANT: But they do keep some cases' in .the woods? CHAIRMAN CANTIN: Oh, sure. We don't went them to send down every little case of accident that comes up. But we. have taught them to differentiate between a case which they can easily handle; and a case which they should not handle. A. E. MINOR;(Ontario-Mihnesbta Pulp] & Paper Company Limited, Kenora, On- I tario, Canada): Our conditions in Ontario j are somewhat similar to those in Quebec. We have a250-ton mfil and we do practically all our own logging.' We do buy some wood ( from contractors. You stated you had first-aiders in the MR. CHANT:,. It is sometimes difficult The reason I ask is that I know the St John's Ambulance Association's first aid course is vent definite on that point They are very insistent that .first add is first aid, and not treafahent I wondered if these men trained in that course absorbed that teaching camps. Well, we have the same in our camps. At the presait time we haven't as many as we would like to have doing this, but we hope to increase the number. We have one of our logging superintendents'interested in it, and he has; taken out; his certificate. so that they would do nothing but first aid As far as the doctor is concerned, we lave and send the main to the doctor for treatment that service, toqi Visits are made regularly, or use their judgment to keep some cases in and they also look after the sanitation prob the camps. lem. a expo - W. loggi ever, I ha didn' loggi a will I certil to in No fracti two < man on it head* right docto fact 1 one c He in tin Is up to be or soi hwlati tore; Paper and Pulp Section [our no. e: ak rood e in r is line, ek, of d, it anti] can a in 0 go hire iderrent, ee a the itto itity. here 1 the eally tone two dons i? ae in itoer Palp Onitario itbec ically mod t die imps. 9 as hope f our , and have larly, prob- CHAIRMAN CANTIN: What is' your cation of proper first aid in a very much experience in acccident prevention? worse condition' than be was when he got .. MS. MINOR: Oar experience in the hurt logging division js .not so 'pleasant: [How ever, we hope to make some improvement. I haven't any . figures with me, because I didn't know.there would be ameeting of the logging tad of it Without a doubt proper first aid distrib uted through die working portion of die woods by yonr men is a. wonderful stride toward reducing your accident rate. There is one thing. sore--yon never can get too CHAIRMAN CANTIN: is this the first year that yon have had this first aid course? MR. MINOR: Oh no. As far as the logging division is concerned, we have just many first aid men in the woods. It costs very little to train them, and it is really making a great stride toward toe prevention of serious accidents. gotten started bn it; but we have been con CHAIRMAN CANTIN: I am begin ducting first aid training in die mills for a ning to understand a little bit why you have number of years. We use the St John's such a low rate--$1.30 or $1.35 for your course. woods. Undoubtedly you are doing a lot of CHAIRMAN CANTIN : I am sure you good work there, will find that in your woods operations, good, certified first-alders in your camps are going to improve your accident experience. - MR. CHANT: I was think of that a moment or two ago, and I was going to point out {hat to make comparisons between rates MR. MINOR: There is no doubt about is an extremely difficult thing to do. I'have it - We have found that it has shown a been .trying in my. own job, for abont eight definite improvement in pur safety record in years now, to get an accurate comparison the mill,and it is only; natural that die same between assessment rates as -between dif would apply to our lagmig,dmsion. Where ferent jurisdictions, different compensation you have a Rood first4idcr5' it is bound to setups. I haven't been able to do it, and I show someV.improvement Jn your safety- have enlisted toe help of .the actuary of our record. - compensation commission in Ontario; he is - a very bright boy, but hehasn't been able to MR. ESTES: We, too, have first aid men . in our camps, right in the woods. Five years ago 7S per cent of Pur employees in die lum ber and timber department were first aid men. They had their certificates from our Bureau of Mines in toe Statcsi We have found that we haye prevented minor accidents from be coming major accidents by proper first aid. get an accurate basis.of comparison. We can get the actual rates. Bnt when; you try to make comparisons, you have toigo into the entire background ol what the rate provides, what the benefits are, and lots of other tilings that may enter into toe picture. I would like to point out that when we in Ontario and Quebec speak of assessment rates for woods Not very long ago toe had a very serious fracture in toe woods. It so happened that two of die men right there with die injured man were first aid men, and they pot splints on it We also have an ambulance at die headquarters camp, and we keep a stretcher right in die woods. We got this man to the doctor, and the doctor commented on the fact that it was a -very good job of first add, one of the best be had ever seen. operations, toeyindude river driving opera tions which are quite hazardous. Inyour par ticular case you ':bring your wood from toe ' scene of cutting to the point of. use without a driving, operation intervening. You load it on tracks and in hauling it you have just the ordinary highway hazards. But we find that the operation of getting the wood out of the woods to the mill in some instances involves quite long distances and quite a hazardous operation. There are not so many Here is one reason for good first aid work accidents on the drive. The frequency rate in die woods. A man may be hurt when he is low, relatively speaking, as compared with is up on the hillside, in a bad place. He has cutting, for example^ But the severity rate to be carried out ami maybe put into a car and the cost rate is very much higher. In or some means of conveyance, before the am the last ted years, 58 per cent of all . toe bulance can get*there. If he has a bad frac- fatalities in pulpwood logging have been tnrcv he may get to the doctor without appli drowning, and nearly all of them on toe : iv jt| -P k & iW. V 542 30th Natiohal Sofety Congress drives. Our rate is all-inclusive, and governs cidents, no question about it But there are the whole operation the year round, and those some phony ones. hazards are in it. We had one peculiar situation that, the I would like to ask one question: In,the records , brought out, in one particular com areas represented here, has it been found pany's operations.. They had, I think, six that strains of various kinds make up an im camps of their own, most of them located portant part of the total number of accident pretty well bade from the settlement from cases?. I mean by strains th*w^ole field of the railroad trade, and it was an all-day trip sprains, strains, and so on where there is no to get out But there was one camp located external mark of injury. We.have found in two miles from the main railroad, and most Ontario that the importance of that particu of tiie men in (hat camp,were recruited from lar group of injuries is increasing from year a district perhaps thirty miles Or so in to year. About 18 per cent of all the lost length, right along the railroad.. We found time cases now are strain cases--strained that the percentage; of strains in that camp back, strained wrist; strained arms, strained was about four times what it was m the other shoulder--mainly from lifting, presumably. camps of tiie same company, in the same It presents quite a distinct'problem,'because area, handling tiie same kind of wood, cot the eher is no actual accident in a great many of same length, handled by the same method, those cases. It is almost impossible to put presumably of tiie same density and weight your finger on what .happened to cause the per cubic foot. Peculiarly, Friday afternoon injury. The man merely reports that he has seemed to be the time when filost strains a very'sore bade, and he assumes that be occurred. The boys wanted to go out for tiie must have slipped when he was lifting a log, week-end--that was the assumption. We or be most have lifted it in a cramped posi couldn't prove that, of course. So their backs tion, or something of that sort It is very hard would be sore and they would catch tiie tram to distinguish between lumbago, which may and go home until Wednesday or Thursday have arisen due to overeating and underwork-, of the following week. ing or something of that kind, and an actual injury. The percentage is increasing:, and it is becoming quite a worry to us. That was met in tiie following year fairly well, simply by staffing tint particular camp with men who were brought in from a long MR. ESTES: About five or six years ago distance, not sending any of the local resi we had that very same thing continually com dents .to that camp, but sending them to tiie ing up. A man would report to the doctor? >ps further hack. It. solved tiie problem (by the way, we, of course, have our company doctor and our own hospitals) with, MR. MEANY: Could you tell us what all a strain--a strained back, usually--and it was a problem for the doctor. They didn't those charts you have on the wall are about? know whether to classify it as lumbago, CHAIRMAN CANTIN: This is simply rheumatism, or working accident, and they a record of our accident situation, to know almost had to take the man's word for it, be where we are going.. cause after all, they didn't want to get into any trouble. While they may have actually ! thought it was a result of rheumatic trouble, or something other than lifting, nevertheless, daring that period when we were having a lot of those, they would rather give way to the men, and we paid them compensation. These (indicating) are merely for our own information and for that of the super intendents, tiie plant managers, and the woods managers. Some of tiie information which is shown here is given out other in a circu lar letter every.montb, or in a little maga zine which we publish for tiie woodsmen. But strange as it may seem, in the last five There is a lot of education that you must years I don't recall a man in our operation give the' woodsmen, but it can be done if yon having a strain, and I don't know why. plug at it long enough. You will eventually MR. CHANT: I would like to know the answer. Ifs a very peculiar thing. I don't like to give the impression that X^gmsider get them to understand all about frequency and severity and so on. There are different, ways of doing it these bade strain cases all phony^--thefc are We have in each of onr^plants, for in not A good many of them are legitimate ac stance, very large billboards, outdoors. There is a pi< (indica questio doing i deraeai larger s month for tin month It to derstar and w that wi below line is curve ` far thi last ye for Ba The: cost a They a his job but sec tions a they v what i keep t record This thee divisio for tiu one ir causer we an I be to leeei and C they p tiie coi of the woods, the st each c MR peting CEL reason at one solidat al, or and tl Now, are our >erods tich cuga- 1 ten. mst foa illy acy cut. mere PapeV and Pulp Section 543 Is a picture of a man somewhat like this one heard of accident prevention at these other (indicating) pointing at you. There is a companies. When they come to work for ns, question asked on top there---"What are you if we were to drop toe whole subject and doing for. the prevention of Occidents?" Un never talk accident prevention to them, it derneath this we have a graph. This is fairly would be lost. But they already know what 'fergtf so that it can be easily rhad, and each - it's all about, and they are interested to see month we show by this graph the frequency where that company stands. "Oh, I used to for the noonth, as compared with the. same work for Price Brothers--look! he's tenth month of the previous year. . on the list, or he's third cm toe list." Itbas It took us two years to get-4he men to un created interest amongst toe men. derstand it, but they know what it is now, Mr. Draper, could you tell us anything and we have impressed upon,'them the fact about contests? that we want to keep down the current year, below the previous year, so that this lower line is 1941 and the upper curve is the 1940 carve`for frequency, month 'by month. ' So for this year at no time has! it gone above!: last year's monthly frequency. This chart is for Bale ComeatL MR. DRAPER: No, I haven't been in touch with it enough to be really familiar with it I must say I am not very proud of toe way we run our contests. I mean tony ate contests without prizes and so forth. MR. CHANT: One or two of toe On These billboards, twelve by ten, I think, cost a few dollars, but they interest the men. They are located so that as the man goes to bis job, goes to a qunp, he can't do otherwise but see them. They lave asked a lot of ques tions about these. That is how we found out four were interested. They wanted to know what it meant As I said, every month we beep them informed, on what the accident record i* so they understand it how. This graph here shows the experience for the company as a whole--I mean the three divisions. It contains very interesting data for toe foremen, for, toe managers, for any one interested in accident prevention, be cause we know from month to month whether we are going ahead or going backwards. tario firms, members of toe association for which I work; have tried toe contest idea. with varying degrees of success ; perhaps, de pending upon toe amount of time and thought that was put first into organizing toe con test and then into the explanation of it to toe people concerned, and finally into toe follow-up. In one particular group of camps, they in stituted toe contest idea iboiit three seasons back. They based it on the well-known sweepstakes plan. It wasn't a contest between camps. It was merely a scheme ughereby each .camp that suceeded.in going .through a cer tain period of time .without ,,a' lost-time acci dent would have a sweepstake in which a drawing would be made fronj a box or a bat in which the names of all toe men would be I believe you have to do that if you want placed, and toe winner would' get a prize. to keep up the interest We.haye in Quebec That particular, sweepstake started with a and Ontario local safely associations, and first prize in each camp--a credit of five dol they publish every month the experience of toe companies. This year we made a stendl of the experience for distribution in the lars good in trade at toe camp van which he could spend for tobacco or a windbreaker or rubber footwear or whatever he wanted. He woods. It is a condensed, report, but it shows couldn't get it in cash. I think there was a toe standing of the individual companies in second prize of $2J0. cadi class. The period through which toe camp had to MR. CHANT: As compared with com go without an accident varied from camp to peting companies? camp.' A large camp of 75 or 100 men might CHAIRMAN CANTIN: Yes, and the reason for it was, that a lot of our men have at one time or another worked for the Con solidated, or for New Brunswick Internation al, or for Price Brothers, or what have yon, have ten days to go without a lost-time acci dent, and a small camp thigh have to go three week or a whole month before they would have a sweepstakes They tried to equalize it between the camps fairly well cm tint basis. . * .t and then they have come to work for ns. In other camps a very successful prize has. Now, there is no question that they have been a band of apples, although that is not- :*f *. srf' t4M >.5- 544 30th National Safety Congress an individual prize. There is no drawing for it sometimes was the cause of breaking the j jthat The company concerned' merely an aeddent record that was good up to then. So nounced that whenever the camp had suc I suggested that we do something special for ceeded in going a slated period of time with -a dean sheet, no lost-time accidents, a barrel of apples would be provided for the men. that month of October, over and above the regular contest--and naturally, barrels of| apples came up. Everybody could have some if he was quick So we advertised it--and when I say "ad enough- vertised it," I mean it Of course, it is quite a trick to get a barrel of apples in good eatable condition to a camp thirty-fiveor forty miles bade into the woods in subzero temperatures. But it was done, and the men, perhaps because of that very fact, appreciated the prize of apples more, I think, than they would have a cash prize. . CHAIRMAN CANTIN: We started con~ tests three years ago. It was felt that inas I win give yon some figures, here which are j interesting. la Shelter Bay, for instance, m 1938, in October, there had been 35 acd-j dents; in 1939, the same number; in 1940,11! And look at the difference in man days. In.j 1940 they worked 23,910 man days that | month, whereas in 1939, with 35 accidents, they had only worked 19,000 man days. See j the difference? much as we had a merit rating system for the contractors, the men might say, "Well, it's all right. We are going,to have a good acci dent experience, but who gets anything out of it? The contractor is saving ten or fifteen cents a cord, and we are the guys that give him that experience, and we get nothing for it" So we put in contests. We, have -a monthly contest It is very simple. We have stuck to this one contest, and we have kept Well, out of 16 camps that he had there, 11 think they gave out. twelve or thirteen bar- j rds of apples--good, first-class eating apples --and they were fresh. Some camps werej forty miles bade, but they got their apples,and got them in time. jIn theFranqudin division, in 1938,-in Oc-1 tober, they bad 20 accidents; in 1939,33 acridents; in 1940, 7. it for three years now. MR. DRAPER: The chocolate bars?A CHAIRMAN CANTIN: Yes, first, be cause every man gets something--every roan in the camp--and they all have an equal chance of getting a prize. There are three In Baie Comeau there was nothing to be J proud of. In 1938,98 accidents in the month - of October; fit 1939,71 accidents; in 1940,18 We gave out last year 23'harrels of apples i that month in Bale Comeau alone.. So that j gave me quite an encouragement prizes. For the first camp, the camp having Well, November wasn't such a bad month, I die most man-days without an accident the but we decided that if any camps wottlji have prize is valued at $2^0; for the second, $2.00, no accidents from-the first of September to and for the third, $1.50, in merchandise. All the twentieth of December, they would get a other camps without accidents have two good Christmas dinner-1* turkey dinner-- prizes, a $2D0 prize and a $1.00 prize. . and we ended ^up the year with a very good Now that is the-regular contest every month, during: the operation. In a camp which has no accident every man is sure to get a good bar of chocolate and has the chance of winning $2.00 or $2J50 in merchan dise, or $1.00 or $1.50. Li addition, we run .contests for the same camps for any particu lar month. I remember last year when I was checking the accident^record since 1937,1 no experience. But it cost the company 738 pounds of turkey in Baie Comeau; for Shel ter Bay I forget just how many pounds:. The turkey was in the cooks' hands two days be- | fore Christmas time. We saw to it that itgot there; snow or no snow, and by dog-team or j afoot. There is no use doing anything if you are going to do it long afterward. It's while it's hot that you've got to do it _ ticed that October was the worst month. We Now, in September, this year, when we got had more accidents in. October than in any. to the fifteenth of September, the accident I other month in the year. True enough, the record didn't look very good. We had only operations were in full swing and probably we had more men in the woods then, but nevertheless, October was a bad month and four or five or six accidents in Baie Comeau, but I still thought we could cut it down. We have had bad weather, rain all the time--four it Paper and Pulp Section 545 dng the j ho?--$o K t. wve the rrels of j ay **ad- bichare j ance, in j (5 acd1940,12. ays. la.! ys tint ddents, j ys. See I there, I ] *n bar* f apples I w were apples,] ,-in Oc33 acri- g 'to be : month 940, ia tf> So--it month, Mbave nber to Id get a I inner-- I T good ny 738 r Sbel-1 te.The ays be- j it itgot j earn or \ if yon I is while! we got icddent id only Someau, m. We e--four inches.of rain in September in Baie Comean But it certainly helps to prevent accidents, --and you know what that does for a lot of because it creates interest and the man feels' accidents. So we decided to do something that yon are doing something, that if they do again over and above the regular contest, work and try to prevent accidents, they, will which runs month in and month out. So I get a reward of sonw:kuMf-even; though it said, "Well, between tbe twentieth of Sep isn't a large reward. tember and the end of the month, every camp, without an accident is going to get a big hamper of apples, good eating apples." And for the month'of October this year they are also getting apples. It has this effect also. When a camp has had a good accident experience one month and has won prizes, in the following month I have noted time and time again that the men watch out for the next fellow. If they But if you go Into contests, yon most follow it rigfat through. Don't start anything that'you are not going to finish, and don't do it in a half-hearted way. And yon most ad vertise. . find that one fellow is taking undue risks, they go to him mid tell him, "Listen here, we want to have some chocolate bars this month. We want to have some apples this month. Yon just watch out there." MR. CHANT: Do you remember what MR. MEANY: You just run that for your your basic figure for turkey was, per man? company camps? CHAIRMAN CANTIN: We base it on one pound per man. If yon have twenty.men, it means twenty pounds of turkey. Well, the chances are you are not going to find a twen ty pound turkey--it will be eighteen or six teen or ^fifteen--soyou give titan two tur keys. Give them a little more rather than a little less. CHAIRMAN CANTIN: For all camps, contractors' iadaded. You can't make any ' distinction or discrimination. If you are go. fog, into contests, they must apply to every man without exception, whether he is work ing in a company camp or a contractor's camp or on the drives. It applies to all of them. MR. CHANT: Well, I don't know how It's the same with the apples. A barrel of the rest of the audience feds about ft. - Ifs apples is supposed to have so many apples in my personal feeling that for the first attempt it, depending on the size of the. apples. Well,: at a meeting of the people interested in pulp- we saw-to it that a man followed, tins barrel wood logging in this section, we have had a of apples to the camp so it wouldn't break good discussion. I for one certainly fed that open and half the apples be lost before it got I ain going to take away some ideas that .will to tiie camp. That's another tiling yon have be useful to me. I hope that applies to every to watch. When we got to tbe camps, tbe one. I fed more or less hopeful that in an men agreed that we would divide the apples other year, carrying out perhaps the sugges aseqtxally as we could. There were so many, tion made by Mr. Draper, a little more ad apples in a band, and-so many men in the vance publicity being given, if possible, we camps, and it gave each man ten or fifteen may be able to get a* better attendance and apples, and he did what he liked with them., have a better' meeting. Things have to begin t *- The same with the chocolate bars. You in a small way. will find at the end of the month that there are .55 men in the camp, and yon sijr, well, 55 chocolate bars. Well, for good measure, put in four or five more, because by the time . Perhaps we have made a'start now and we can expect to see the thing grow reasonably in tiie. next few years. I certainly hope so, because I am thoroughly convinced that one these chocolate bars get to the camp, there of the major problems, if not the greatest bay have been two or three more men that ' problem, in the paper and pulp industry is came in that yon don't know anything about acddent prevention work in the woods. it It's better that there be a little more than While the problem isn't licked in-tire mills-- a little less. If it happens that some are left. we are still having mill accidents, and too over, tiny fix it amongst themselves. Thor' many of them--I think it is pretty generally took a piece of p^per and wrote numbers on recognized that the woods is the^bad aid, and it from one to so much,1 and then they drew. cmr efforts should be rather concentrated on There was no discussion. We have seen to that end to make some improvement there, it that the distribution is done correctly. . without neglecting tbe mills. , i !* n Iff [.!' Jr ! tit.:. 546 30th National'Safety Congress MR. DRAPER: I think before we ad journ we should congratulate Mr. Cantin on the very able manner in which he has pinchhit In taking the chair this afternoon. Mr. Cantin took on this job at short notice* and I think we should go on record as agreeing that he has done a splendid job. CHAIRMAN CANTIN: I am certainly pleased to hear that you found it all right Let's hope that next year we have a greater attendance. I think your suggestion,* Mr. Draper, of going to the individual'companies and lettfog them knowwhatweintendto do is foe best that 'can be made, ifftaey don't know about it, how can we expect to see them here? - ~ - .i}. MR. DRAPER: The men wbo should he : told about it are those rigbtat tbetop--foe. : woods managers. In many cases it.'will be ; the'vice-president of the company. THURSDAY AFTERNOON SESSION .t October |9, 1941 * Presiding: G&nerax. Chairman D. B. Chant,; Secretary-Engineer, Ontario Ptdp and Paper Makers' Safety Association, Toronto, Ontario^ Canada. GENERAL CHAIRMAN CHANT: of their problems.* It is riot verysurprismg While we have a minute or two I should like [that more did not come. ' As time goes op, ff to find out something as to your ideas and, ;we continue.with that type of mectfaig infoat wishes with respect to the program for tins ' particular field, I fed quhe sure , that jibe Section for next year. Fred Berry, who is members of this Section mil make a point of your new Chairman of the Program Com [sending to foe Cbrigms -men directly con- mittee and Secretary of foe Section, is here icerned with ther Fogging. operations: .who. and your new General Chairman is . also [may benefit, and from.whom,we may bene present, and for their benefit and assistance fit; mdisenssingtheir peculiarand particular. I think we ought' tee a minute or two now problems. to get a slant on what you would like for-foe I will now introduce to you J. Fred Berry, . next Congress. your new Section Secretary..v.. Those who think there were sufficient ses sions of foe Paper and Pulp Section at this Congress, will yon please hold' up ' your bands? Tho!be who think that we" should have more sessions in tills Section next year? Can you make anything of that, Fred? Does, that help? MR. BERRY:Those of.yon who attended our Monday meeting wffl remember that: Mr* r. it Koseonsti orougnt .oottne tact , tint one of our past General Chairmen bad passed awayrecently, andifoe^Secretary, was-[ iostrncted to write a letterto Mr.Peacock's widow-. However, going a llttie further, I. MR. BERRY: It looks to. me like it is should tike to see tins, resolution, adopted even.' - here, and put in our minutes, and a copy sent ; CHAIRMAN CHANT: It looks like to her: ` about an even split and I think one man voted Roiohttion' v .J both ways. (Laughter.) !' - Whereas, It has pleased foe Almighty to I do not know how many here present at remove from onr midst so' suddenly bydeafo tended either of the two group meetings on Tuesday afternoon. The Pnlpwood Loggers' our. esteemed friend and co-wprker, W.J. Peacock, who served as General rhairiwan meeting was not .as large as we had hoped daring, foe years ISX and jI927.n thePaper;] for but it was as large as I expected. In foe and Pulp Section of fori National : Srifety; : past we have had littie of great importance ; or value to offer to people concerned with Gouncti, always assisting in every problem confronting us; there be it . foe reductira-of acddents 'itf liulp : "Rxsolvxd, That while. We deeply deplore ging operations; Tins yeai\forJb' the death of our beloved' frierid iu^^^ we had a session partictilarlyfor: panion whose fetiowship it was an hooorand s plea: that tli worico "Rk tveM . safety muebj "Rts resolut ud mi our de resolut Sectior CHJ tkmeri, resolut MR. this re (Th CBi might Editor the fin jrear.:fii sell Si for as MR. 'fine'a i yonwi more.i thinki partied someth aairira! badcl youth arehet during the vai thn.w | yeari;";- Iwa tins ye shall'i Robini mu/t down; could) or fori tfaatv '.-f f f w r - * - t f i r r i w ? a pleutire to. enjoy, we rejoice in the fact that the privilege bf having known him and worked with hifowiU abide with us always. moire interested in it if you contribute to it Won't you pleajehelp us this year? MR.'ROSEBUSH.: I attended rile session "ResOlveo, That he vyascto tu a beacon tveir directing and a guiding lig^at in the safetymovement in whfchhe has; done." so nrachgooit. . .. "Rasoivn^That vretriuumlt a copy of this resolution, properly engroued,with our deep and mbst sincere sympathyto tbe widow of onr deceased friend am.also a copy of this resolution be spread upon the minutes of our Section." * CHAIRMAN CHANT: Ladies and gen* tleoen, yoti have heard the reading of this resolution. What is yottr pleasure? MR. BRAATZ: I move the adoption of this resolution; yesterday morning whkdiwasa panel discus sion on fundamental caUsesbf.aoridentt.Oiur 'General Chairman was member of that' panel. I suggest that/ bur > PioMtun Gpmittee conrider stkA a/t^pe of ie#*|on ior our own Section the coming year^a disefcstion pf aeddentt peculiar to die paper in dustry. MR. BRAATZ: I will appreciate what.ever help we can get from the sectional mem bership on formulating ,the program for next year. We will meet probably here in January, and in the spring inNeyr York, to establiriiour program.. Obviously our decisions will be baj^ on what the metnbership vnuits. We would like tohearfrqm yon now. (The motion was seconded and!carriel) . - MR/ BERRY: Gall on Mr. Etter of River CHAIRMAN CHANTr l think th^ ufe Raisin.. V - !. . _ v . . might at tiiis point ask the; newly-elected Editor of the Section'* News Lama to make die first of his numerous apperisjfaring the year/foirassistance in hispublication.' Rus sell Simpson, will you please take the floor for as long ai>ybunced it? ' j|:' .... . * '* The.Section NewsTLeittasirjJ' MR.'ETTER: I amjnst.a neophite. This is my firstattendance at this Section. How ever, it might be a good idea, titiree or four months before your, program is arranged, to write Jo everyone who/attended the sessions this year, asking him for any problem that confronts him at that particular; time. These questions to .be senttoa centralpoint, or to MR. SIMPSON: As important! bhd as our. Chairman, to be- nmneograpUeid and re- fine * Amg'aji onr HEVsXdns is/Ithink ` tomedtoeveiy; person snbmitting ooe, with you will agree that it can be a finer, and a, the requestthat he give any advicehe canon more .important item in oor Section. And! die questions' 'fiat,'lme:been!:nmd.'!&&. thinkthatcan be brought abbot by/active1 wbmwecome to die meeting i^sxt year, go partkdpatioa, biy each member contributing over the qnestionsthat have been; submitted something to it I know tint die normal and aisd the swggestipitt that have beenmade -as natural thing for a man to do when.he goes; tohowthey mtg^it beanswercd. We wilt, bade home is to. forget about. it;' but won't ! have sonie ainswers ;udi/;.we.;.come^to the jroa tiris.yjear, particularly you fddpws who meetmg airf thae>inay;te someone at. the areherebttius meeting,ghe us jUstohe item., meeting who/has/V better idea that we can during/the year?;If you will do thatwith take..bade witii/us.'* .In !pditt,/wbrda^/^'will thevast number whom we have in bur Sec^ have two or three thingstotakeback with its tioiivwe. will have material for, the/entire raitheTtoan only oneanswerwhkh maynot yeary:-./;/;^.' 'be the ri^it answer. . Iwanlthe NEWsLKraato bea fine letter ! thisjrear, naturally. We all wantitto be. I shaU/beverfoige^ that Frdl . ofiicersand I have no doubt tiat it will be Robinsonmade in.193? abootthe News Iet- . conridistod and aometiimgwfllbe'doae'al^^ nit.>Me4^'dat-vAai<lKi.;recri^ it he!sat-,*: itHoweyer;ltt/me4^ down and read''it/asiiT'minrtibilngr;-lnvit latt" others pjtoent dttt' thee facilities for doing couldgive either.io'.^|jato':'-rperintendmt:., tomething/ of tiat kind^ i^proximatdy that orfipr&aflie ait/oiut'iind^wsedibfi.-Jf- think -v supQ traktmein^-eiom fimt^we'-'este allNtm:Tjaca&: to' .Nkws:.' XjgRntrbnd /it has' bea instifficiaitly grWatad..; va; ntagev an->.d' I lmow y^ ' 1 i-nb.e osei, in iny judgment' I/feel dtat we have ill. v iJi-SS.-'.-'MSf .-.t -. I- c. 548 30th National Safety Congress not made full use of the Question Box section of our.News Letter, to which any member is at liberty to send questions at any time: I am. sure the Newts Iona Editor will al ways be glad to give them a prominent place in the next issue and to collect^ classify and publish the answers, with or without identify cation as the members may wish^ so tint all members of the Section may benefit. Now perhaps the two ideas could be worked together. We could .handle the pre liminary stages through the News Lanza and at the same time' pick ont the more im portant questions or those of interest to the larger group in the Section and bring them up at the Congress foe more intimate dis cussion. . J; ERNEST AUGUSTUS (The Head Cor poration, Cbillicothe, Ohio): There may be members Tof the Section today who are not familiar wife fee; fact feat their .mem bership' entities, them to . receive xnoretbari one copy of theNEWsLsrnSt, depending, of course, on the size of their plants. I tiunlc that toy own particular: organization. gists about thirty-five copies and theygoto all of the foremen.. I put delivery memos on them and about three foremen get each Lama. Those foremen get quite a lot out of reading those News Letrbs. They arekepf/ttp-todate on what is going on. There may be some who do not know.that that sendee is available. CHAIRMAN CHANT: I now call upon the Chairman of the' Section's Contest Com mittee, A. Scott Dowd, of Fritz Publica tions, line* to present the report of-the Sec tion's-safety contest for the year 1941. k: Data on the 1940-41 Paper Industry Safety Contest By A. SCOTT DOWD Chairman, Contest Committee, Paper and Pulp Section ' The Paper and Pulp Section has now com The average frequency rate for all par- pleted ten of its consecutive annual 12-month - tidpants in feislatest competition was 1432. safety contests. Previous to these, there While this is a little higher than the rates of were five annual contests, each of six months the three pterions years, it is sligfatly lower duration. titan the average frequency rafc irf the past The historical review of these past fifteen ten annual contests, which is 14.67. - contests exhibits a drop in frequency rate Paper and pulp nulls had higher frequency from 33.51 in fee year 1927, to 14.32, in the rates in the 194(M1 Contest, averaging 14.49, year 1941. In the summary of accident rates against 1275 for paper and board re-manu for 1940, published fay the National Safety- facturing plants. 1- * Council, it is stated that since ,1926 the paper > industry has made cumulative redactions of Frequency rates of identical contestants '70 per cent in frequency and 57 pier, cent in averaged one per cent above the average in severity, and that these improvements exceed the averages of all industries. Participation in fee Paper Industry Safety Contests has increased steadily since 1931 the 1939-40 competition. Rates increased 12 per cent in rc-mwnfactarmg. - Only Groups A and C of paper and palp mills were.sac- ces&td in improving their rates. . to fee high mark in the 4940-41 Contest of Eleven contestants finished fee 1940-41- 180 mills and plants, covering 92,016 em Contest wife perfect scores. Two erf these ployees who worked 184,039,939 -man-hours were in Group C; six were in Group D, and daring fee year. . three were in the Re-Mannfacturmg' Division. drCHAIRMAN CHANT: I am sure that all of us, whether not our respective com panies and plants have been mentioned in a citation of merit, have proper cause for satis faction and a considerable amount of pride in the accomplishments of those plants. It is no - small thing for a plant to complete 400 or 500 or more consecutive working days with out a -single lost-time accident' While per haps we sometimes fed that the larger plants in fee industry are handicapped by their-very size to some extent, I am not so sore that it j-'"  are think gets aO of them inn. Bding ip-toiy be ice is Paper and Pulp Section 549 is true.or that it is proper to take tint view.. We have had examples ofpfcmsthatcertainly cannot !*considered. small plants, which have gone through the complete iron? testyearwitha periectrecord. We should, all be encouraged to go bade to our jobs and try again in the coining year to overcome a few more of the accident haiartls in our plants, to stmhdate interest among the work ers, to the aid drat we may return hdre a year hence with an improved record for the whole group and more individual perfect scores. The presentation of awards to die winner* of these several competitions will now/be^ made. Each year we are honored jntiusmar-\ ticular by tfie presence! of a representative--pf/ the National Safety Cofm<& I take great pleasure in again intrpdudpg to you Mr. John E. Long, aPast President of the Na tional Safety Cotmtil. Presentation of National Safety Council Awards in Paper and Pulp Section Safety Contest T ' ' By JOHN BELONGv . Superintendent of Safety, The Delaware ft Hodaon Railroad Corporation. Albany, N. T, and Pnt-PmMwH, National Safety Conned, Inc. The awards consisted of Troupes, in the were given to winners, of second and third form of handsome Bronze Plaques^ presented ^. place in the contest Awards were made as to winners of first place in die contest;,and follows: Certificates of Merit, suitablyengraved,which Trophy Winners PAPER AND PULP DIVISION abling injuries.. Group. A, The Mead Corporation, Nashville, Term. Consolidated Pape* Corp, Ltd,' Wayaga- . 184,474 man-hours widi no disabling injuries. mack Division. 2,199/24 man-honrs with 3 disabling injnries. Group B. Spaulding TRbtc Go, Afrom, N. H. 179,605 man-hours .with no disahlirig injuries. . P.. B. Ghtfdter Co, Spring Grove, Pa. l,12204Qnan-hoars with 2 disabling in Central Fibre Products Co, Vincennes, hid. 157,656 man-hoars with no disabling injuries. jnries. Spatdding Fibre Co, Inc, Hayes, N. H. Group. C. . 78,175 man-honrs with no disabling injnries. Price. Brothers & Company, Ltd, Jongnietc lEL, 495,675 man-hours with- no disabling injuries. The'Mead Corporation, Haniman Division. 365,390 man-hoars widi ho disabling injnries. PAPER AND BOARD RE-MANUFACTURING DIVISION Bird & Son, Inc, Roofing Plant, Outage, M. 293,448 man-hours with no disabling injuries.. ,, Group D. - Q Bud ft Son; W Phmipshd^R. L 33i,556 man-hours with .ho disabling injuries. . 'V * V' - ` United States, Gypsum Co, North Kaunas Gty, Mo. 203,660 man-hours widi no dis Bird ft Son, Inc, Roofipg Plant, Shreveport, La. 161,477 man-hours with no disabling injuries. Bay West PaperGo, Green Bay, Wis. 109,22mah-hours with nojjpsabling injuries. i Jr: ?;; v*,; j wpi ~v.V 550 30th National Safety Congress Certificates of Merit PAPER AND PULP DIVISION Maine. 872,602 man-hour with 2 disabling Group A. injuries. (2.) The Flintkote Company, Pioneer Div. . 1,434,475 man-hours with 3 dibbling injuries. (3.) Price Brothers & Co, Ltd., Rivefbend Paper .Mills. 1,855,547 man-hours with 4 disabling injuries. (3.) ffoberg Paper Mills, Inc, Division"A," Green Bay, Wis. 1,014,424 man-hours with 3 disabling injuries. .\ Group C.- Group B. (3.) Strathmore Paper Co, Woronoco Mills. (2.) St Croix Paper Company, Woodland, 533,116 man-hours with! disabling injury. CHAIRMAN CHANT: We have one re- as the mills that have made such outstanding maining trophy to be awarded. I will ask records that they should be awarded the Mr. A. Scott Dowd to announce to you the trophy which designates 'than as-those hav- winner of that particular competitioir-a^d to ing made the most outstanding records in the make the presentation. * contest. In the past ten years there have -been three Group A.mills, three Group B The Paper Industry Trophy ' mills, two Group C mills and one Group D milL So among the paper and pulp mills MR. DOWD: Again I should like to eligible for this prize for bring the safest brouse a bit into the records of this year's paper and pulp mills in the industry, you will contest which I mentioned in giving my data finch mills of all sizes, as to number of em and to explain something of the problem that ployees and other conditions, that are desig the judges have to solve in finding the win nated by our rules with which I assume you ner of the major trophy, which is the Ed are familiar. ward Benton Fritz memorial trophy, to the mill which rule 19 of the contest states "is to be donated by the Fritz Publications, Incor porated, Chicago, to the eligible unit which in their opinion has established die best rec ord, based upon frequency, man hours worked, physical conditions and other con tributing factors. Eligible units for this award shall be (a) group winners and (b)' all others tied with group winners as speci fied in rules 6 and 7." - Now I have given you the set-up that the judges had to consider in awarding this prize this year. I think there Is a thrill in holding bade from you until tills crucial moment the name of the winner. Yon all have your guesses. I am going to leave tile pleasure of announcing tills name to the Vice-President and Treasurer of the Fritz Publications, In corporated, Mrs. Edward B. Fritz, the wife . of our late publisher, "Dad" Fritz. So, there fore, I am privileged to call upon her to come It is a tough job for.the safety directors, here and present this prize on behalf of her comprising the most of this committee, to. husband, Edward B. Fritz. deride which is the safest mill in the indus try or in other industries in which they have Presentation of the Award to make selections. It isn't always just a matter of technical records as to the number of man hours, as to the number of employees or as to what the physical conditions of the plants are or what not. It all'goes in as a whole to make tip the problem for them to consider. MRS. EDWARD. B. FRITZ: It does give me great pleasure to come here on be half of the Fritz Publications and on behalf of my late husband to present this trophy to day ; and I want to tell you in my own behalf .that the Safety Congress, the safety work; is asmteresting to me as it was to my husband It has.been mentioned that it is difficult for because he unde it interesting to me. It was a Group A mill to win this trophy. Group A something that was dose to his heart and he mills have won it. They haven't always talked very freely to me abont it all the time. made perfect scores, but for some reason So today I should tike to tell you of one of known to the judges they have been selected the things that be used to say about the ..men way day the < skm jof a gate ape horn ipkta jablh Nov I f: tion, idem Np . ishot Mot jj*d j (i Ic isttre lure iWe iyom ithis ithar IT icons ition :toy oppe end yesu priv indt had . ress Nat A did jj- Paper and Pulp Section 551 *r ' A," with s 3Hs. y. Sag the lavtbe BTC ?B ?D aiils fest iriO emmgyou the rize ting Z $f tent Inrife sretme her oe betalf totalf ** md ras he ne. of the Safety Congress and the men connected with anything of any member of this Section that it It-was that they had a "zip-"' You all he has not been ready and willing to do, no know what that means. matter how much it might mean to him in There is a zip about the Safely .Congress that does dungs. Not die . Congress, but the the way of. additional effort during these busy days. - people who belong to it, and I-know what it I want now to present to you formally has meant to adl of yon to work out some your newly-elected General Chairman and to new device that would make it better, pleas ask for him what I know he will receive anter and safer for die men'who work with from you, merely. the continuation of die you. same sort of cooperation and. support you I could .pick out men in this crowd of whom my hhsband snokc and said, "Thdse imen know how. to do thingjJ^iuid that is the way I feel about it. Se^a^^easnte to day to present this trophy to thejwinner of die contest to die NadiviUe; Tapnessee; Divi,900 of die Mead Corporation, manufacturers jof semi-cfaemical chestnut pulp, and eormr gated board. It has finished die contest with :a perfect score of over 184,474 recorded man jbours. This corporation has thereby com pleted five consecutive years without a dis enabling injury totaling 795,527 man hours. have' given me throughout his term. I take supreme pleasure in presenting your Gen eral Chairman-Elect, my good friend, Clay ton Braatz. . CHAIRMAN-ELECT BRAATZ: It was with a great deal of anticipation and hesita tion that I accepted this job. Anticipation because I knew that I would be working with members of the Section, men and women who are cooperative; who accept jobs gracefully and do diem capably. Hesitation because of the work that has been done by past General Chairmen, men like George Adams, Ken, fNow-if I may cal! upon Mr. Winkler. Faist, Walter- Gleason and others who are here, men who did their jabs and did them | FRANK WINKLER (Mead Corpora- well, and I hesitated because I had to step :tioo, Nashville, Tom.): We have two gen- into their shoes. itlemen here who have furnished a lot of f :"zip" and accomplished this record, and I We come to a man who has finished two .!should like to present to the group Mr. H. L. .terms as General Chairman, Doug Chant -;Moore, our Plant Engineer, and Mr! H. L. -Doug has tried to depreciate his work, but Jackson, one of the operators.) those of us who worked with him closely on { (Presentation of trophy to Mr. Winkler.) . the Executive Committee realize the amount of work he put in on sectional activities, and [ CHAIRMAN CHANT : Mrs. Fritz, I am * I think the least this group can do today is isure that everyone here appreciates die pleas- to stand and give him the band that lie de jure.in having you,present this major trophy. serves. jWe all appreciate your coming here and iyour continued interest tn die activities of ithis group, and on behalf of all present, I i thank you sincerely. MR. ROSEBUSH: Clayton has stolen some of my thunder, but I have asked for the opportunity of making a little talk'before die meeting doses and to add to what Clayton I The remaining program for this afternoon has said. I dunk that we owe a lot to this | consists of die Safety Exchange or the.Ques- brother from Canada, this easy, breezy, at-. j tkm and Answer Period. But let me first say tractive personality, who has helped put for to you how very much I have appreciated the ward so consistently and energetically die - opportunity of trying to serve as your (Gen work of this Section. He has been congenial, eral Chairman during the past, couple of tactful, resourceful, and efficient. years. That opportunity I appreciate as a privilege and an honor. I would be happy, indeed, to fedthat by any effort of mine I had in any small degree assisted in idm prog ress of die Paper and Pulp Section of the National Safety CoundL He has followed the work of a number of good chairmen in die past. He has setahigh standard for his successors to follow, and I want.to second what our incoming Chairman, Clayton Braatz, has said about the work that Doug, has done; and I think that we also Again .I want to thank ym> for your splen should give a vote of thanks to the officers did cooperation with me. I have yet ttrask and committeemen who for these past two 1 552 30th National Safety. Congress years have worked with Doug. I think they are well deserving of all of oar praise, and Clayton is deserving of our continued efforts and sympathy in the work that be has taken upon himself. CHAIRMAN CHANT: Thank you very much for that tribtrte,which I am satisfied is undeserved Let me merely say that what ever small contribution I may have been able to make, I have derived greatly more from this work, from tite'opportunity, to serve tins Section than I have contributed The remaining part of this afternoon's pro gram has been given the title, "What Would You Do ?" and the arranging of that part of .the program has been done by a committee appointed from your Section's Executive Committee. They in turn have delegated..the major responsibility fur the conduct of the program to Mr. Wesley Cook, of the Kim berly-Clark Company. It gives me great: pleasure to introduce Mr. Cock, who will conduct the remainder of the program. What Would You Do?--Safety Exchange Discussion Leader: W. F. Cook, Superintendent, .Personnel Department, Lakeview ICO, Kimberly-Clark Corporation, Neenah, Wis. W. F. COOK: This feature of the mogram has been entitled "The: Safety Ex- " and "What Would You Do?" As w31 be a failure unless you do someaboirtit. VT"was pleased to learn from Mrs. Fritz that yon fellows have the reputation of bring full of "zip." Let's see a demonstration of it this afternoon. If you leave here without fedmg that you got something out of h, don't blame me mid don't blame the panel; blame your self; and as Victor L. Short says, I mean you and you and you!' So without further ado, it gives me great pleasure to present to you the members of our discussion panel, as follows: Mrs. Lillian Brewer, of the Oswego Falls Corporation, Fulton, N. Y. D. T. Meany, of the International Paper Company, Dalhousie, New Brunswick, Out.' Russell Simpson, of the Brown Company, Monroe, La. f place. There were no lost-time accidents which, if they had occurred, would have counted heavily against the department al the contest Quite suddenly lost-time acci dents begSur.'to occur generally throughout the m9L Enthusiasm, for the dh*d The mill is in the idqMruats in regard to safety and sanitation. TIk~ manager brings the department heads together, pounds the desk and trils them something must be done. What must be done?" I am going to direct tins question to. Mr. D. X .Meany. In the particular case at hand, we have a plant that has established this safety contest, that has gone along with an excellent record for two moBthvand then has gotten into the position where this department has a lost- ~ time accident They have lost interest be cause so many departments have lost-time accidents. The question is, what~must they do? Ernest Dutcher, of the Pioneer-Flintkote Company, Los Angeles, Calif. In order to break the ice, I am going to address question No. 1 to the panel and I am hoping that it won't be necessary for me to do tins too often. Here is the question: "The manager of our mill personally in augurated an interdepartmental safety sanita tion contest, which started out with a bang. Enthusiasm ran high and for a few weeks every depannent was spick and span with a place for everything and everything in its All right* let us take the experience of a paper company which runs successful safety contests. They limit tbe time in which th* contests ruth--I believe it is a period of a month--and then there is an award through drawings. When;the month's experience is passed every deparlmehtstartsagiunou a new slate They have some objective to work for. lit this particular instance, H does hot seem to me that titty, have set any certain period of time , so that they may. have an objective and then are able to start again toward another objective. coni -'.vlti-a- tliVfyHyvY*'*. 'tVj Paper aid Pulp Section 553 SB, nts rte .in sn oot ied. to the ncL ir. e o--' Bt, >rd the Mt-. ' be* ime hey- fa ety tbo u h ! IS . ta >rk hot ain an ain Now.Iwould recommend tothatparticular ttianager that hetavehis safety contests -1 run for a certain time and establish his awards* whether they be drawings for a : watch, or for $5 extra in the pay roll of the lucky drawer in the department that has maintained a record. I believe ttatfte will get another spirit of life .into his safety con* [ test and will maintain it on a better standard than he has in die past. CHAIRMAN COOK: Does anyone in the f audience have any comment to make either ! ^by way of amplification or difference of opin ion with Mr. MeanyV remarks? No matter wbat your award is or length of time or anything else, I think you must first sell it to the employees and let the men have a part in planning it with you. Problem In First Aid CHAIRMAN COOK: Shall we pass on then to another question? "If an employee comes to the dispensary with a foreign body ' in his eye that has fcen in for several days and he can give no information concerning die accident, what would you do?" Mrs.LiIlian Brewer, of Oswego FaflsJ * ; E. F. TROOP (P. H. Glatfdter Co., . MRS. BREWER: I wouldfirst 'send the Spring Grove, Pa.): At one time we also employee to the doctor and then I would look did not believe in die beneficial results of a into the case history of, toe man's accident - contest, but we finally'decided to try it We and find out whether or not it is compensative . now conduct drawings for prise awards for or whether it happened in the plant or out departments having no lost-time accidents. side of the -plant If it were a foreign body The contest lasts a periodof three months;' .which I could not see myself, naturally the i. at whidi time we assemble as many people doctor would be die one to take it out If I in our employ together as we possibly can, could see it I would take it out myself. and die tames of all the employees in the ' department that has nottad any lost-time ERNEST AUGUSTUS (The Mead Cor accidents are placed in a glass container, and porator!, Chillicotoe, Ohio) : T should like to a drawing is held to select die mimes , of the add just a little to that If yon have made people who sue fortunate enough .to win a. your investigation and you"have found noth prize. ing that would lead you to think that the man At die end of the year we have our cm- ; ployees divided intofoor groups, to the quar- terly drawing if any employee in any of those groups has tad an accident, die entire group ; may have gotten the foreign body in his eye while at work; yet his eye has become in flamed and he may even lose time; would yon consider it a compensativeaeddent or not ? is cast out for. that quarter. We have four quarters andah. animal drsnvinft. and at the j i MRS. BREWER.: I do not know your state laws; but in New York State we take animal drawing all departments that haver-; die employee's word first, and if the doctor tad no lost-time accidents, regardless of wtat ; says that be got it in while he^was at work-- group they were in, are entered as possible well, generally yon know your, employees and winners. We have found that we get very ; they are pretty truthful. It may have gotten good results from It : in die day before or it might have been in CHAIRMAN COOK: Thank you, Mr. ' several tfays and not noticed until die eye Troop.' Our southern representative on the ; became inflamed. Sometimes they try to re panel, Mr. Russell Simpson, would like <tq move it themselves which' causes inflamma speak on this subject : tion. But we take the employee's word first MR. SIMPSON: I think it Is rather un fair even to.try to give constructive criticism of a thing like this when you do not know the particulars about toe contests. Bat I have bad some sadexperienceswith contests. I .think the Mggert thtoUe wito. tins particular . contest is fadc-of understanding on the jpart of toe employees.:.You cannotsitin a swivel chair and fornmlatexules for a (contest and . then- take- them out into toe mill and say, "Fellows, here is the contest" .. MR. MEANY: I believe that you should have your nurse keep a record of toe foreign bodies that are removed, for the safety man to review, and I think you will-find from those records that if aTinan working, say, around a paper machine, around toe calendar stacks, has tad a number of foreign .bodies in his eye over-toe period of a year, he needs glasses. In a numbered cases we have found that the reason men working around machines have repeatedly gotten foreign I .:-**!*-. .... ..... . . , ,ri> 554 30th National Safety Congress bodies in their eyes from paper dust has been because they needed glasses. In that way you will correct the' condition that exists and probably prevent a serious injury.' MR. DUTCHER: Do I understand that tills case showed up two days later? CHAIRMAN COOR: Several days later. MR. DUTCHER: Every employee who comes into our plant is given instructions that regardless of how small the injury is, whether it is a scratch, sliver, burn, or any thing small, tilings thatyou would not pay much attention to, like a,pin scratch, must be reported to the first aid the day it happens and not the day after; and we will not take the excuse two days later that it happened last Monday or something like that Those are definite instructions with the admonition that if they do not crane in they are likely to lose their jobs or to be laid off for several days. A Superintendent's Mistake MR. DRAPER: A paper mill superintend ent is very proud of his. department's acci dent record. He cooperates with the safety director 100 per cent in seeing that suggested improvements are made with all possible speed. One day after one of his paper ma chines had run twenty-four hours without a break in the sheet, it was noticed that dirt was accumulating on the bar which crossed the machine over the wire just before the suction couch roll. The machine was so set up that there was really no safe way of clean ing that bar in a hurry. The paper mill su perintendent could see that the dirt was just about to drop on the sheet aqd give him a break. He talked it over with the machine tender: The machine tender wanted to go tip on the bridge, just past the suction couch, over the first felt and lean over as far as pos sible with a rag on the end of a stick and take this dirt off; a very hazardous operation because a slip meant death. The superintendent would not let the ma chine tender do it He went up and did it himself in the way in which the machine ten der proposed to do it He took exactly the same chance himself, and at that moment the safety director walks in and sees him doing it What should the safety director do about it? CHAIRMAN COOK: Who on the panel would like to take a crack at that one? / MR. DUTCHER.: In our plant the man agement holds supervision responsible for safety. There is. a safe way of doing that .without going up there and if I caught him. in my position as safety supervisor I would have plenty to say to him. and I might not stop there. If I thought very much about it Umight go a little higher, but I would cer- tahtiy get some reaction. ,f"') < MR. DRAPER: I might mention that this ; paper mill superintendent is perhaps our : keenest safety, worker in the mill. Put your self in the position of a paper null superin tendent who has made some changes on . a ! paper machine and has promised (he manage ment that they are.going to get a record out of that machine as regards * breaks per twenty-four hours. Put yourself in the posi tion of that superintendent. Also put yourself in the position of the safety director and look at it:this way:- You must correct die condition and get that su perintendent to do what you want him to do without hurting his feelings, without making anencmy of him, so that he will continue; after you have had your say with him, to be an up-and-up safety man. Every man in the mill most be a. friend of the safety director but first of all the safety director must be a friend of every man. . A D. WILKINSON (Kimberly-Clark . Cbrp, Kimberly, Wis.): This problem points up to the question of management havingsold, its subordinates that safety first is more than jtist a slogan. 'In other words, if the rush to get out production .comes first, "Safe* ty first" isn't a slogan in that particular, plant. CHAIRMAN CHANT: The question is, "What would you do?" Taking that person- . ally, I would wait quietly until the superin dent had gotten down off the footboard and ' was out of danger. Then I wouldask ham why he had pot permitted his machine tender to lode after the machine; and having gotten the expected answer that be would not permit his men to expose themselves needlessly to risks of accidents, I think he would have answered his own question before I had asked it If not f would go on and ask anothe^question, what he would have done had he come in and found the machine tender in t four und< W twe< recti ham his ' vine . been setti M . with chip esttr the havi I wi up a ened safet ence dedi G Mea too of ti opin jects D. Dixi Mr. ftiml tinttot! tend will awa; die 1 a ques ti avox a are otbe M stan yon put aids he v recoi M * ilJ ' 8 T .B # .'si Paper and Pidp Section 555 in the position in which he had just been found?. I think that, could have been done under the circumstances. do the same thing over again, in my opinion. What Type of Discipline? With the personal relationship existing be tween the superintendent and the safety di rector,' I believe the situation could have been CHAIRMAN COOK: I believe that Mr. Walter Strong has a question. handled without causing ill feeling. I think MR. STRONG: You probably saw the his very interest in safety wotdd have con bell-bop come down.ancl deliver to me'this vinced him in a moment or two that he had telegram. It says: been guilty of. a very serious misdemeanor in "George Willis broke left leg running setting a bad ecample. downstairs. As you recall, he has been MR- MEANY: I was in a similar position warned twice before about, practice of taking- with the master" mechanic who went into a stairs several steps at a tune. Having dis chip bin without his safety belt Itisn't so ciplinary meeting with superintendent on him ettraodinary a problem. .1 think that after tomorrow. What do you think I ought to the paper mill superintendent came down, do?" Signed "Howard Aderfaold." having gotten, the full particulars from him, it r tr I would have said, "Bill, let's you and I go up and see the old man and get tins straight ened out, whether it will be production or safety. I think we cut iron out our differ-. ence with die boss and he will make the decision." This is. bad news to get at a safety meet ing. Apologetically, perhaps I might say that we don't bare a complete organizational safety program, but we,do attempt to repri mand and correct workers whom we hud performing unsafe practices, and I think that tiie case in point is one of the most unsafe CHAIRMAN COOK: Thank you, Mr. practices in any mill.. It has nothing to do Meany. That may not answer your question with the operation of machinery or the prod too directly, Mr. Draper, but I think in all uct, but it happens hr our mill every day and of these things it is pretty much 'a matter of. I will bet it happens in yours. Men and opinion. They aren't open and closed sub- women tearing up and downstairs: In this ' jects. particular case there ;bas been no penalty to DAVID P. FAIRCHILD (Berst-ForsterDixfidd, Plattsburg, N. Y.): In line with Mr. Chant's solution of toe problem, which I think is probably the best, thereis one thing date, and I wotdd say that tire man has al ready been penalized with a broken leg and there should be no penalty now. But there is tire question: What would you do? that he did not mention. Would you speak CHAIRMAN COOK: .This man had been to the superintendent in front of toe machine warned twice before aboiut the practice of tender?- It you do not; the machine tender taking steps two or more at a time? will dunk that the superintendent has gotten away with something. How wotdd you han MR. STRONG: That 5 right. dle that? CHAIRMAN .COOK: He was familiar, CHAIRMAN CHANT: That is another therefore; with the company rules with re question. spect to toe use of staircases? CHAIRMAN COOK: Do you prefer to avoid it? CHAIRMAN CHANT: No! When you are through with this question; that is an-' other question. MR. .BERRY:. No matter, how many standards and safe practices yon set up, if you get into a mill where they are going to put production ahead of safety, your stand. ards won't do you any good at all, because if he were set on making this continuous run record, regardless of your standard he would x MR. STRONG: That is right CHAIRMAN COOK: I will refer the question to a'member of the panel, Mr. Rus sell Simpson. . -. MR. SIMPSON: I think-that there ought to be a thorough investigation. That is the only way to get at tire bottom of accidents. ` CHAIRMAN COOK: Gentlesnen, tomor row Mr. Aderfaold and the superintendent hare this practical problem right before them and.I assume that/Mr. Strong will be wiring advice tonight The question is: What shall | S R *6.8 ' H B B. T T 4* S 'f 5 l r y ,V. .r.V. 1 V. _'v ' 556 30th National Safety Congress he recommend they do. We have the sugges The SafetyMaitisQtalifications tion that a thorough investigation be made. Let's assume ftat the. investigation is made DELEGATE: I' represent: a;; hew. paper aud it is found that George Willis was delib and pulp. specialty company, in the. MiMle erately violating,known company safety rules West, as employment ed a and that the condition oi the "treads;, of the : safety director, or a ssfety man, andthey staircase was normaL What shall Mr. Strong said "Now all you ha^e to do is go oyer to recommend?' theSafety^Congress,' fe qoe .of/, the. :japcr meetings.aiitd look those follows; oyer,;; You ROLAND RICHARDSON (Gardner- will be able to find what yon need in: a safety Richardson Co., Loddand, Ohio): I think man." that it would be* foolish to. take disciplinary action against the man. He has suffered enough or he will suffer enough before he has recovered, back on the job. But I do thihk that it is a wonderful opportunity to use that accident for safety publicity, through bulletin' boards or by word of mouth or in safety meetings, to show just what happens when that particular safety rule is disobeyed. In going out to find a safety man I should' like to have some suggestions. I am here be cause my company has just: recently joined the National Safety Council, and they fed that it wotdd not he wrong to.ask for at feast ten suggestions as to' what a safety man should be Wee. I have to start otit ` for the man tomorrow. MR. BRAATZ: I do not agree that the man has been penalised enough. You estab lish certain safety rules and ifra man does not' live up to them you are saying in effect, "Oar , safety rules are no good.?* I will grain tint the man is going to"suffer, he is going to lose CHAIRMAN CHANTrMay I give him item lof his qualifications? I think that tbe first qualification foragood safety man or a good-personnel man--the two-terms are syn onymous--is. a genome Eking for people and a desire to hdpthem. pay, but I think that if you are going to have MR. SIMPSON: I should like to add an effective safety program you have to es No. 2, the altiUty to get along with people; tablish some penalties. E E. NEWBURY (Ecusta Paper Corp., MR. HANK: I believe that the responsi Pisgah Forest, N. C) : Initiative. bility rests more with the safety engineer > than with anybody else. I feel sorry for the . man who has broken his leg, but I should think that at the time the second wanting was given there should have been some kind of punishment imposed, such as demotion to MR. RICHARDSON :He nmsthave the' courage of his convutions. - MR. BUTCHER: He must know Ms job In other-words, he must'.know, dat engb neeringis sill about. * another department or to sweeper for a week CHAIRMAN COOK: Maybe yon might or so. I would really do something to pre clarity thatjust what do you meah by engi- vent tbe.acddeut rather than to let it happen neering? and then try to impose puntAment. MR.DUTCHER: H be is in IEmofe, W MR. GIBSON: Well, I disagree to a cer tain extent I think that if a fellow is a haz ard to his department and you keep telling him, time off won't do any good. You can keep cm talking to some follows, and. it does not do any good We have put teeth into oar rales in this way: if a fellow iscaughta sec ond time he gets his pay check cut, and that is the only way you can get action, because some follows will keep'doing the same'thing over again, thinking that it is cute. CHAIRMAN COOK: I would suggest that be enough discussion on the topic of dis ciplinary actiorn What is next? must know what the state laws atd what it' takes to guard a belt, how farup it most be, what tiie height.of'a ruling or afoeboard . must be^ whether, si. sprocket should' ..be guarded fultyor partly. ' CHAlRJiANCOQK: No.6? MRS. BREWER: Pittienbe.A CHAIRMAN Cook: Ho..7? -^ MEMBER: Tact CHAIRMAN COOK: No. 8? MEMBER: Thoroughness. CHAIRMAN COOK. No. 9? Paper and Pulp Section 557 MEMBERfSbould. be a certified first aiders - " . CHAIRMAN COOK: No.10? / MEMBER? He sbotddusegood common sense.-- CHAIRMAN COOK? There are ten qmljfications of a good safety roan. MR.1TROOP : He coddhave ten more. CHAIRMAN CHANT? I shook! jot like told! Affgentlemanto let toe knowwhen he - has discovered anindhridto! trim has all ten of. those qiolificaAos and X trill .raise Bis ante serin! dollars and aw trill bidAr him. that; would all .depend upon your plant .redes. Twenty or twenty-fivemiles, of course, is no* drive to come bad^ proriding diat is yonr irate Why didn'the reporton Friday? MR. HEUBNER: He dM report on F& day,- bat .-be has. to come bade for re-inspec tion. -.. . .v ' . MRS. BREWER: Of courae; it all de pends upon where yonr doctor is. If the nurse is tridng care of it and she asks him to come bade to her, naturally he will have to report to her. MR. HEUBNER: Can we expect him to travel.fifty miles, for example, thenext day? MR: SIMPSOft: May X make 'a sugges tion to the gentleman? The National Safety Council has among their safe; pmcticepam- MRS: BREWER: Of coarse, it all de pends apod the type of accident. -: MR. HEUBNER: It is a match. $hteis a pamphlet on thesafety man:; I dunk MRS. BREWER: I should not dunk so. itwotdddousall good. no natter hoar many I shotildthink that when he left Her she time we have read ft, to go hade home and .wotild' give him Instructions.. read.H again. ' CHAIRMAN COOK: Would it not de-. MR. DUTCHER: Yon might also apply pend m part on the extent of Ae injury? I to the National'-Safe^r Council. They have think yoar question, Mr. Heubner, has todo men on tkrir lists. V with whether .or mt the man should come CHAIRMAN COOK: It seeimt to me that bade and receive payfor Aetrip. dmse are reme pretty practical suggestions from agronpof men wboooght to know, and we tore gladthat yon w<ere. directed to die iiipiui amoorny.. ^ n... AH right/ let's pass on to another ques tion. j MR. HEUBNER: That is part of hi yes.' f<lR;ROSEBUSH:-Mr. Chamnan, I ttehk dot would depend upon the state law. In Wisconsinyon would have to pajr him. for his travel: ARTHUR CARLE (The Northwest Pa A FiratAid Problem . H. P. HEUBNER CPfindebte Co^ New YorkGty): H a plant closes down on Satunlay and Stmdayand a worker receives an' injnry'/a^AratAkt'ssay, orsbmie minor ininjury.oa Friday afternoon and he lives. twenly or twenty-fire ihResfeom die plant, andthe normal procednre in 'the first aid room is -to^rndce a.mjm comeback thenext day so.Aatdie Wwhidwmjmymay bein- tO per Co., Cloquet, Minn.) r l think Ae Wag ner Act says that if yon tell a man to do, a certain fifing-and hedoesit you must pay him for it Forexampk,- if you want a man to read a magamne'artide and you tell him to do so, I dunkyoo. are.stodc and you lave, to pay him if he wants' to get tedmical about it and collect.': We hare had Ae question of men taking up first aid. Ifthcyhadwanted to collect for it they could have, but most of them volunteered. . . ij&ne.Ae.foAriring.day ' to j^ d1i^Ad^\atttndaht? c ; fy- ' A CarbonMocokido Problem ; )K: There trifl.be ah MR AUGUSTUS: HrA nony here have .attendant: Aeie on Adwfey?- in operation-in their plantsgasoline propelled lift trades? (5)1 1 - CH/JRmAN; COOK: I would. sorest .Aat,ynt direetthat questiontoMrs. Brewer. MR& iRRE^^ Wdi, I Aotdd dunk : We hive, .several, of Aese motor trades in oar plant, and hi'.dno-;bf'voar^wawhoiise* (it iscaboat 250 feet lbng add Ar^e; se ries high and 100 feet tride) Aere is abso- . & .a '4a r i 558 30th National Safety Congress lately no ventilation other than through the gasoline trucks. They would not let us use one door and the elevators on each floor. That them in any of our warehouses. gasoline track is used constantly eight hoars a day in those dosed rooms. The'building was erected that way intentionally to main tain as nearly as possible a constant hu midity. As a result, hardly a week passes MR. AUGUSTUS: We have the under writer's guarantees and everything else on it. It has been passed, but Just the same these men are being affected. that two or three men do not come to the first aid room complaining of severe head Safety Meeting* aches and sometimes they are nauseated. MR. SIMPSON: I think that one of our Several times they have had to be sent home best means of education is safety meetings. for the rest of the day. While I am here this T should like to find out how many meet on week a test is being made to determine the company time and how many meet oh a vol percentage of carbon monoxide, but I am untary, basis on tiie part of employees? certain that carbon monoxide is causing the MR. DUTCHER: Ours meets on a vol-' trouble. untary basis on the part of the employees. Management tdls me that we cannot use We invite them. an electric trade in that department becausewe cannot get one with a short enough tprn. ing: radius dr one as short as the gasoline truck. They do not want to put a ventilating system in because then they get away from MR. SIMPSON: Is it successful? MR. DUTCHER: We held a meeting just a week ago last Friday and by actual count 92 per cent of our employees were there. die constant humidity. MR. BERRY.: We have two committees 'Has anybody else had any experience with that problem, and how has he solved it? that function among the employees; that is, our supervisor group and our employee group. We meet on their time, but we try to CHAIRMAN CHANT: I perhaps can not answer the question as applying to the exact conditions. I can merely suggest that on submarines they provide a method of air compensate diem by feeding them. .We gen erally have meetings of those committees be tween twelve and two. We give them a lit tle lunch first and the meeting follows. purification for use prior to the use ofoxygen. The air in the vessel is sufficient to maintain the life and comfort of the crew for a certain number of hours submerged. At the end of that time the. air purifier is 'put MEMBER: Is the question in reference to a general safety meeting of the mill or a department? MR SIMPSON: Well, both. into operation^, which merely circulates the MR DUTCHER: Our committee meetair in the vessel. It does not add any be . ings are all on company time, and they pay cause they may be 50 or 100 feet under the for them; but when it comes to our general surface. It merely purifies it After another mass meetings of all employees, where we period of four or five or six hours that is no bring them all together for presentations of longer sufficient and the oxygen supply has awards and things like that, we invite .them to* be introduced into die air. I feel that you could perhaps use some application of flat principle. ... to attend and we make it interesting enough, that we do,pot have any trouble whatsoever. CHAIRMAN COOK: What is next? MR. BERRY: Ernest we had the same situation that you have. We have more cir Compensation for Lost Time culation, no doubt than what you describe, but we did have some of that trouble, and we changed that particular truck over to a bat tery truck, using the same frame and every thing else, and we haven't had any trouble since then. . EARL M. BQWLER (Rhinelander Pa per Co, Rhinelander, Wis.): We had a maintenance worker who was injured. It wasn't a lost-time accident, but a cyst de- veloped on his leg as a result of a strained muscle. The man was entitled to a week's MR. GLEASON: I should like to 'say to vacation with pay. The physician told him Ernest that 1 do not kbow why die fire insur-' that he would probably be laid up a few days. ance company has allowed him to use those The man hated to lose any time. He wasn't evi we he the tin in* we the nes va< P it* ha v* the wc we ' CO! wii fro ssj we 1 lav tin the the to the lur sta tfar be 1 DL em far em As pm em. om am sta ae Sta abl .Sal 1 die He sid the C Paper and Pwp Section 559 C '7 even anxious to take bis week's vacation, but we were insisting on that. He figured that be would like to have toe operation during toe tone he was on vacation^' and he assumed that he would be bade on toe job toe follow ing Monday morning. He lest a total of two weeks. The question tome up (not raised by toe'man, understand) whether or not in fair ness to toe man we would bade up into toe vacation period with toe three-day waiting Safety Contest would that be considered a lost-time accident? MR. AUGUSTUS; I have not had that same type of case but several times I have had something similar to it and have written .to toe CoundL The reply invariably has been that if toe accident is .compensable in your state then you must count it in toe contest It depends upon your state law. period in order not to affect toe man's earn ing power, inasmuch as he was willing to have toe operation on his own time during toe vacation period. In reporting the accident to toe Industrial Commission for compensation would you be willing to bade up into that wedc? Management wanted toe man to have continuous pay,, that is,.a week's vacation with pay and then compensation starting from Monday morning instead of starting, sty, from Thursday morning of 'toe second WMg|f we MR. ROSEBUSH: The Wisconsin state law fully covers that So far as compensa tion is concerned, if you paid themap^for toe week's vacation, if he got his regular pay, the Industrial Commission would allow that to go as compensation, but as for going back the- three days, I am sure that you would, have to consider that case from toe time it started. Even though you paid him those three days of the previous week, they would be considered a part of his lost time. CHAIRMAN COOK: Hands up those of you who feel as Mr. Augustus does about it? There you are, with toe majority feeling that that is. toe proper interpretation to put on it I have here a question worded somewhat in toe form of a narrative. The man says: "We have a gang of 60-inch diameter slasher saws cutting wood into four-foot lengths. The wood comes up from toe river on a jack ladder to toe saw table. These saws ate stag gered at four different points bn the saw table In front of these saws we have sus pended a heavy wire mesh guard from the roof of tiie building; The guard hangs low .enough so that it is possible for toe wood to run under it. We have experienced a num ber of accidents due to blocks arid butts fly ing back from the saws and going under the mesh guard, and recently had a rather serious aeddent when one of these butts' struck one of our saw operators. It is impossible to lower the mesh guard any farther, as toe wood coming from toe jade ladder to toe saw DAVID P. FAIRCHILD (Berst-Forster- Dixfidd, Plattsburg, N. Y.): We have two employees, one of than a young boy from a farm on his first job, toe other one an old employee who is riding him most of the time. . An argument devdops in the plant They punch out at noontime for lunch. The old employee attacks toe younger employee in Our parking grounds sad knocks him down and he suffers a broken shoulder bone neces sitating six weeks' lost time. It is hdd to be a compensable injury under the New York State Compensation Law. Is that a report- able lost-time arojdent under, the National Safety Omoai/xvi^st l-._.) -~ MR. GLEASOltf: I think it dependsjupon tiie slate law. In Pennsylvania- it would be. He was on tbe grounds. and it would be con sidered that be was there in tbe interest of toe employer. table must pass under this guard,. We have tried various safety schemes; such as sus..pended chains, but have found that this has created a greater hazard. These 60-inch saws are running at a speed of about 700 revolu tions per minute and are cutting, about 600 cunits of wood per eleven-hour shift (A omit equals 100 cubic feet of solid wood.) We have felt that perhaps the chains carry ing toe wood ftp toe jade ladder have been overloaded, and we have also endeavored to see that toe wood is placed straight on toe jaddadders, but this is very difficult to regu late as toe wood sometimes moves when it strikes the saws. The wood that we are re-, cehring. comes ' in toe following lengths : four-foot, eight-foot, ten, twelve, fourteen and sixteen. When a boom of wood arrives at toe mill it usually contains tbe rises men tioned. We have also conducted an investi gation and found that tiie shape of toe saw tooth is apparently a factor that causes toe CHAIRMAN COOK: In the National wood to fly; ,we have been unable to sub- J?v.* f--v*'?W iVTW**.*; 560 - 30th National.Sdfety Congress stantiate if this is a direct cause or .not, but CHAIRMAN CHANT: That is to pro from die experience of saw operators we are inclined to believe that this claim has some tect against ,accident.al contactfwith th e sawj. merits. If any of the mills in the Paper and MR- GIBB: We find that is a possible Pulp Section have developed a guard which hazard. The small butts sometimes fly and will prevent wood from dying back and hit it and then they fly into the air. striking the operators, we certainly would appreciate hearing from them." CHAIRMAN CHANT: What is the position of tiie saw that the wood strikes CHAIRMAN CHANT: As the question first after leaving the jack ladder? is ptrt I am not altogether clear whether it is the so-called butts that fly back or whether they are also bothered- with flying sticks of wood. ' CHAIRMAN COOK: It is both. MR. GIBB: The four-foot or the eightfoot, I believe, are the front two. It is the twelve-foot cut that Is giving us all tile - trouble. CHAIRMAN dlANT: Have you con-; CHAIRMAN CHANT: The use of a divider behind the center saw has very often been found to improve that condition: By a divider I mean simply a stationary wedge put immediately after the saw. -1 have seen instances where that worked very well to correct that condition. That won't deal with sidered rearranging yonr saws so that thej closest saw to the jade ladder is the one that will cot tiie sixteen-foot log in two? Take that up with yonr slasher superintendent and see if he does not think there is- something . in it the short butt that is left outside. MR. ROSEBUSH: I do not know MR. GIBB: That is my question. I sent' it in. We have that, Mr. Chant, but we still haven't been able to get away from the trouble. I really think that our saw table is hot long enough. The construction of the building will not permit our getting away from the hazard entirely, but if there are any slasher or woodcutting mill operators here, I should like to have their experience. wbetherour set-up wiQ. help yon any but briefly hoe- it is. Our logs come up a bull chain and are guided on the saw by men on each ride of the indine. I think that our saw table is inclined probably 20 or 301 per cent Between these men who are guiding the logs onto the chain which carries them to tiie saw there is suspended a merit guard built on a frame. It is just to their right or left, as they stand on either side; and that comes : CHAIRMAN CHANT: What Is the down dose enough to tiie saw table to allow pitch of your saw table? tiie logs to go underneath it We have tiie slasher saws such as yon described. We have MR. GIBB: It Isn't a very severe pitch. no trouble with any log kicking bade beyond CHAIRMAN CHANT: Hour far back that suspended guard. of your center saw is your hanging shield? MR. GIBB: What is your wood cut? We MR. GIBB: Well, our saws are staggered. are cutting 600 units -and you realize that CHAIRMAN CHANT: Your center saw that is a lot of wood. is the closest one to the jack ladder? - MR- ROSEBUSH: I cannot answer that . MR. GIBB: About 11 feet question. . CHAIRMAN CHANT: Have you tried moving the shield closer to the saw? MR. GIBB: We are probably a foot from the first saw. The'butts and logs are flying from the back two saws. We haven't suffi cient room at the head of the jack ladder for the sawyer to stand If we move it for ward, and we cannot go back very much further on account of the distance from the saw. In addition to this hanging shield we have a suspended guard over the saw. MR. GIBB: We had never had that trouble before, not until we started such a big cut I think that is probably another factor. We are overloading our jade ladder. MR. ROSEBUSH: I think that Mr. Chant has given you one very good solution, to put the saw that makes the first cut near est your guard so that you have your sixteen-foot logs cut first MR. GIBB: We will look into that angle. sir sul as Vi lia fre do Pr to lin de a lea of ao chi Cc y chi we tin ter sal ai to CO] lea pn wi the tw the tic tre the tin rid A! dit dn ste ha' 8 8S5 & 3 iT J M * > S 3 M S & 8 S :*.S JE JU W S T * ;#*-" -as Paper and Pulp Section o- CHAIRMAN CHANT: That gets your MR. GLEASON: There are air vibrators w. small blocks farthest away. that'you can install in your chip bins that if' 4 nd CHAIRMAN COOK: Here is a question submitted, I think, by H. G: Biddey, Chair man of tiie Safety Committee of the West will keep your chips moving down. I think also yon'should have a bar over toe center of toe opening between toe chip bin and toe Virginia Palp and Paper Company, Wil chutes. We installed that, and in addition be ses liamsburg, Pennsylvania. "Removal of chips we have, of course, toe safety belt, and the from chip bin without man having to go . others are that no man can go into the chip down into bin to punch the chips loose. bin unless toe attendant is there. We have Present method, is for man oil digester floor to remove as many Hups as possible with air - a chip bin attendant who changes toe con veyor from one bin to another, and . he must lines.. Man with life belt cm goes down lad station himself so that he has access to the der. into chip bin and pries chips loose with safety rope cm which toe man has the belt a long pointed pole. At times he: has to leave die safety of the ladder to reach some CHAIRMAN COOK: What is next? of the chips. While we have had no serious ' MR. DUTCHER: Mr. Chairman, before accident, we are afraid that some time a yon dose, going back to that problem of toe chip slide may catch him. What to do?" gas tractors, I certainly would like to get a J. C. QUINLAN' (International Paper solution to it, because we have eight gas Gx, North Tonawanda, N. Y.): About six. tractors in our place and we are having all years ago such an accident occurred in our kinds of trouble. I have been trying to <hip bins. The men going into the jdbip Inns think in my own mind that there might pos were supposed to put on safety belts, but in sibly be something to put on the end of toe this particular instance the chipper man en muffler that would purity toe air to a certain tered tiie chip bins without putting on his extent so that you would not get the carbon safety belt, and in knocking down the chips monoxide. a slide odairred and he started immediately to go into die digester. In the chute that connects with the'floor of the chip bins and leads into toe digester there happened to be probably a two-inch hole. I do not know MR. AUGUSTUS: The National Safety Council advised me that there is no satis factory attachment that you can put on your exhaust that will absorb those 'gases. why it was ait out of the chute^ but it was there and he was fortunate enough to catch two fingers in that hole on his descent to toe digester. The cook noticed his fingers ticking out, and realized there was some trouble. Immediately he secured help* and they got toe man out all right. Since that time we have installed steam jets on either CHAIRMAN COOK: Gentlemen, I think I also express the opinions of toe panel members themselves when I say that we greatly appreciate your cooperation in mak ing this a very profitable meeting and it has been largely because of toe participation of you people in it ride of the (hip bins (We have only two drip bins) and they' have corrected toe con The meeting is yours, Mr. OianL dition. Immediately upon toe placing of toe GENERAL CHAIRMAN CHANT: chute from toe drip; bin into the digester, Thank you, Mr. Cook. I am sure we are all steam is injected into the chip bin and we very grateful to you for your handling of have no trotible. this panel discussion. ADJOURNMENT ie.