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APFEJTDIX JE ANSI 288.2-1980 I American National Standard practices for respiratory protection ..M *. RSV 0021426 ANSI 288.2*1960 *mHit* ml AMSt 2MJ1MI American National Standard Practices for Respiratory Protection Sacrvttriat Mint Stftty and Health Administration. U.S. Dtpartmtnt of Labor Approv'd May 22. i960 American National Standards Institute. Inc RSV 0021427 American National Standard An American National Standard implies a cenwneus of ihoae substantially concerned with in scope and pruvirions. An American National Standard la inwnded at a puide to aid tiw mam* facrurar, the consumer, and the general public. The cxbtcncr of an American National Stan* dard doea not in any reaped prechide anyone, whether he has approved the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, prooeaet, or procedural not conforming to the standard. American National Standards am subject to periodic review and users are cautioned to obtain the latest editions. CAUTION NOTICE: This American Nations] Standard may be revued or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than (ho yean from the date of publication. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. NSIaM by American National Standards Institute 1430 Broadway, New York. New York 10018 Copyright C 1980 by American National Standards Institute, Inc All rights reserved. No pen of this pebticetioo may be wpiodseod fa my farm, fa m ifaroooh frW*N tytmm or odvriTo. iibie dw prior wrirwe prrmbfaoe of tiw poMfaher. Pttated In the United States of America AlOHMfSn BSV 0021428 Foreword {This Foreword is not pen of Americas National Standard Fraction for Rmpiniery Protection. ANSI Zll J. IfSO.) This is a reririoo of American National Standard Practice* for Respiratory Protection, ANSI ZM.2'1969. The 1969 standard was a revision of the rwpintory protection portions or Amer* ican National Standard Safety Code for Head, Eye, and Respiratory Protection, ANSI Z2.M9S9. The purpose of this standard U to help respirator user* to establish, implement, and administer an effective respiratory protection program. It retains the format of the previous standard, while expanding certain sections and adding others to reflect the current aiate of the in. A more conservative approach toward selection and classification of respirators is taken in this re* vision. New technique* in respinior-fit testing have provided methods of measuring the fit quantitatively, making possible for the first time a method of establishing a protection factor for any respirator-wearer combination. Thus, a table of respirator protection factors is included in the section on respirator selection and represents a major new item in this revision. This standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by American National Stan* dards Committee on Safety Standards for Respiratory Protection, ZR8. Committee approve! of the standard docs not necessarily imply that all committee members voted for its approval. At the time it approved this standard, the Z88 Committee had the foDowing members: Edwin J. Kioos, Chairman William H. Revoir, Secretary Orftniistion Represented Ntmt ofAeprrsmnrivt Alliance of American Insurers........................................................................................ C. J. Krtfeirin II. I. Skier (Alt) American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists..................................E. C. Hyatt American Foundrymen's Society............................................................. ................W. B. Huebon Amcnan Gai Assodation.............................................................................................. J. E. Lacey F. S. Rung* (Ah) American Industrial Hygiene Association................................................................... R. larghini R.J. Held (Alt) I. A. Pritchard (Ah) American Insurance Association.................................................................................. V. J. Roman R. D. Tankersley (Alt) American Iron and Steel Institute.................................................................................. D. A. Kandel D. L. Webster (Alt) American Occupational Mrdidne Association............................................................. E. M. Dixon. M.D. American Petroleum Institute........................................................................................ R. Diakum J. Lynch (Ah) American Society of Safety Emitters......................................................................... T. 8. Curran T. A Aucoin. Jr (Alt) American Welding Sooery...............................................................................................H. Trabbotd F.Y. Speight (Alt) Association of American Ralhoads................................................................................J. H. Sadler Chlorine Institute..............................................................................................................S. F. Edquift E. J. Laubuich (Ait) Ekcironia Industries Aaaodetion................................................................................ F. X. Worden Health Physio Sodeiy.....................................................................................................R. H. Wilaon Industrial Safety Equipment Association....................................................................G. Mom F. Rex F. t. Wither (Alt) H. M. Weiss (Ah) Internationa) Assodation of Fire Chiefs........................................ .. ........................... D. D. Flynn International Association of Goreiumcnt Labor Officials........................................M. Sleikin International Association of Heat and Frost Insulators and Asbestos Workers . . J. Mulhem R. J. Steinfunh (Alt) National Fhe ProtactIon Aadatton....................................................... .....................C- W. Irvin. M.D. National Safely Council.................................................................................................. H. H. Fawcett J. S. OhshifaM (Alt) U.S. Air Force.................................................................................................................... A. K. Gudeman U.S. Coast Guard.............................................................................................................. K. Wahk U.R Depanmem of Agriculture............................... ................................................. R. M. Wsterv Ph.D. U.S. Depanmcm of Defense............................................................................................ J.F. Enkine RSV 0021429 Oi|ttrtM fLtprrmntti U.s Depenmeai of Cimju D. M. ftoa. FhJ>. H- Gilbon (Alt) U.S. Deptwneat of Health. Edurnboa. tod Welfare (Nedoaal laiiftvtt foe Occupaboaal Si/itr tad Jlaahft)*.................... .. ft. D. Uihoo ft. M. CmmvT (All) UJ. D^nnut of Ukr (OceuyabonaJ Sefety and ftahh Admfadraadon). - . I. ft. 0*Nett. nu>. CT.Ika (All) U.l Deperoneot or Labor OOm SJtrr and Haaftli AdnWrtntfoa)................. Ll.Kloa U.l Gam) iwfaw Admhibuatlufc.................................................................... C L Carter Utility toduray................................................................................................. D. C. Smltk MMduil Mtrnben. ........................... ........................................................................... V. L Oait J. Hehihoiwr H. ftitchk (Alt) This revised standard was prepared by a subcommittee which had the foOowing membership: W. H. Revoir, Chairman DweHA.Be*le CMag'Tioa Btoa Demi D. Douffc* Howard H. Fi*an ftitrtcts H Gtmoy Brace J.Held Edwin J.Uooe Claudia Idler WaydeB.MUer.fr foha ft. OXcU Boo Stafford DomM ft. WBmee The National Institute for Occupational Sefary and Health b bo lonew a member of the 281 Committee. RSV 0021430 Contents SECTION page 1. Introduction................................................................................. 1.1 Scops.......................................................*...................................................................... 7 12 Purpose............................................................................................... .............................. 7 1J "Shall" and "Should"....................................................................................................... 7 ! .4 Exceptions........................................................................................................................... 7 2. Definitions.................. ................................................................................................................. 7 3. Respirator Program Requirements............................................................................................. 10 3.1 Purpose............................................................................................................................... 10 3.2 Permissible Practice.......................................................................................................... 10 3J Employer Responsibility.......................................................................... 3.4 Employee Responsbflity...................................................................................................10 3 J Mininul Acceptable Respirator Program.......................................................................... 10 4. Clssaifieatlon of Respiratory Hazards........................................................................................ 11 4.1 Introduction....................................... :...........................................................................1 i 4.2 Classification and Description of Respiratory Hazard!................................................. 12 5. Classification. Description, and Limitations of Respirators..................................................12 5.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 52 Respirable Air and Oxygen for Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus and Suppbed-Air Respirators .................................................................................................. 12. 12 6. Selection of Respirators............................................................................................................... 13 6.1 Approved Respirators.................................................................. 6.2 General Considerations...................................................................... 62 Nature of Hazard.................................................................................................................13 6.4 Initial Monitoring of Respiratory Hazard............................................................. 6.5 Characteristics of Hazardous Operation or Process...................................................... 13 6.6 Location of Hazardous Area............................................................................................. 20 6.7 Respirator Use Time Period............................................................................................. 20 6.6 Worker Activity.................................................................................................................. 20 6.9 Respirator Characteristics, Capabilities, and Limitations........................................... 20 6.10 Respirator Protection Factor......................................................... 6.11 Respirator-Fitting Tests...................................................................................................... 20 6.12 Respirator-Fitting-Teat Records.................................................. 6.13 Reapimor Protection Factor Assignment......................................................................24 6.14 Face Dimensions and Facepiece Sizes..............................................................................24 6.15 Employee Acceptance......................................................................................................... 24 13 7. Use of Respirators.......................................................................................................................... 24 7.1 Standard Operating Procedures......................................................................................... 24 72 Training............................................................................................................................... 25 73 Respirator Sealing Problems............................................................................................. 26 7.4 Respirator Sealing Tests................................................................ 72 Issuance of Respirators ... . ...................................................... 7& Respirator Inspection Prior to Use........................................................... 7.7 Monitoring Re^irstor Use................................................................................................ 26 72 Monitoring Respiratory Hazard During Use.................................................................... 26 7.9 Leaving a Hazardous Area................................................................................................. 26 8. Maintenance of Respirators.............................................................. 6.1 General................................................................................... 82 Cleaning and Sanitizing............................................................... 8.3 Inspection...........................................................................................................................27 10 13 .13 20 24 26 26 26 27 27 27 RSV 0021431 SECTION PACE 8.4 Part Replacement and Repair........................................*............................................. ... 8.5 Storage.................................................................................................................... 27 9. Special Problem............................................ 27 9.1 Vision................................................................................................................................. 27 9.2 Communication*............................................................................... 27 9.3 Uae of Respiraton in Atmospheres Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health ... 28 9.4 Respirator Use in Confined Spaces................................................................................ 28 9 J Respirator Use in Low-Temperaturt Environments..................................................... 29 9 Respirator Use in High-Temperature Environments.................................. 29 10. Evaluation of Respirator Profram Effect!venen.......................................................................29 10.1 General............................................................................................................................... 29 10.2 Wearer Acceptance........................................................................................................... 29 103 Inspection of Respirator Profram Operation.............. 29 10.4 Appraisal of Protection Afforded ....................................................... 29 10.5 Evaluation . .. . ......................................................................... 30 11. References to Other Standards. Refutations, and Manuals...................................................... 30 11.! American Nstional Standards Institute..........................................................................30 11.2 American Industrial Hygiene Association and American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists................................................................................ 30 11J Compressed Gss Association......................................................................................... 30 11.4 National Fire Protection Association............................................................................ 30 115 University of California. Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory.................................... 30 11.6 U.S. Department of Interior, Bureau of Mines............................................................ 30 11.7 U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health..................................................................................... 30 114 U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration........................30 11 $ U4. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration*. ... 30 11.10 U4. Department of Transportation, Interstate Commerce Commission................. 31 11.11 U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Office of Standards Development.............. 31 11.12 General Services Administration..................................................................................... 31 11.13 US. Department of Defense............................................................................................. 31. 11.14 Reference Books............................................................................................................... 31 Tables Table 1 Classification of Respiratory Hazards According to Their Biological Effect...........14 Table 2 Classification of Respiratory Hazards According to Their Properties which Influence Respirator Selection.........................................................................................13 Table3 Classification and Description of Respirators by Mode of Operation..................... 16 Tabled Capabilities and Limitations of Respirators..................................................................18 TablcS Respirator Protection Factors........................................................................................ 21 Appendix A1 Approval Agencies.................................................................................................................. 32 A2 Status of Approved Respirators............................................................................................ 32 A3 lists of Approved Respiraton...............................................................................................32 A4 ftiysiologjca) and Psychological limitations for Respirator Wearers............................. 33 A5 Suggested Procedures for Canying Out Quallutft* Respirator FittingTests................. 33 A6 Suggested Procedures for Carrying Out Quantitative Respirator Fitting Tests............. 34 A7 Recommended Procedures for Field Testing Seal of the Respirator to theWearer .. 35 A8 Monitoring of Respiratory Hazards....................................................................................36 A9 Recommended Procedures for Cleaning and Sanitizing Respiraton........................... 36 A10 Oxygen Deficiency - Immediately Dsngerota to life or Health.....................................37 Table A1 Test Agents Suitable for Carrying Out Quantitative Respirator Fitting Tests...........35 RSV 0021432 American National Standard Practicaa for Raaplratory Protection 1. Introduction 1.1 Scope. This standard sets forth accepted practice* for respirator users, provides information and guidance on the proper selection, use, and care of resprstors, and contains recommended requirements for establish* ir>g and regulating respirator programs. The standard coven the uw of respirators to protect persons against the inhalation of harmful air contaminants and against oxygen deficient atmospheres in the workplace. Hie following are not covered by this standard: (1) under* water breathing devices, (2) aircraft oxygen systems, (3) military masks, and (4) medical inhalators and reauadutors. 1.2 Purpose. The purpose of this standard to to provide information and guidance on the proper selection and use of respirators that wiB help safeguard the health and life of the usen. This standard to written for afi persons concerned with respiratory protection, but apetiaDy for those primarily responsible for establishing and administrating an acceptable respirator program. The standard contains recommended requirements for use by enforcement authorities fat establishing regulations or codes on respiratory protection. 1-3 "ShaD" and "Should." The provisions of this stan dard are mandatory in nature where the word *`shiD** is used and advisory in nature where the word "should** is used. 1.4 ExcepHow. Exceptions to this standard may be granted by an appropriate regulatory agency, provided that equally acceptable requirements are established. 2. Definitions ahead it Waring reapfeutor. Sec resptvfor. A respirator designed to protect the wearer against inhalation of abrasive material and against impact and abrasion from rebounding abrasive material. aerodynamic diameter. The diameter of a unit density sphere having the same settling velocity a the panicle in question of whatever shape and density. aerosol. A system constoting of perticles, solid or liquid, suspended in air. air-tine ropirator. See rtspirmtor. air-purifykij rtepinter. See mpirator. air ngnleting valve. An adjustable valve used to regu late, but which cannot completely shut off. the airflow to the facepiece, helmet, hood, or suit of an air-line respirator. air-eappfy device. A hand- or motoroperated blower for the hoae mask, or s compressor or other source of respirable air for the six-tine respirator. appromd. Tested and listed as satisfactory by the Bu reau of Mina (BM) of the U.S. Department of Interior, or jointly by the Mining Enforcement and Safety Ad ministration (MESA) of the U.S. Depanment of In terior and the National Institute for Occupational Safe ty and Health (NIOSH) of the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare,or jointly by the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) of the U.S. Depanment of Labor and the National Institute for Occupational Safety end Health (NIOSH) of the U.S. Depanment of Health, Education, and Welfare. Hooray. A determination of the concentration of a substance in a human body by an analysis of urine, feces, blood, bone, or tissue. betathing tube. A tube through which air or oxygen flows to the facepiece, mouthpiece, helmet,hood, or suit. canister (air-purifying). A container with a Alter, sor bent, or catalyst, or any combination thereof, which removes specific contaminants from the air drawn through it. caatotv (oxygen gens filing). A container fiDed with a chemical which generata oxygen by chemical reac tion. carcinogen. A substance known to cause cancer. cartridge (aJr-pwrifybtg). A tmaD canister. catalyst. In respirator use, a substance which converts t toxic gas (or vapor) into a less-toxic gas (or vapor). 7 RSV 0021433 American National Standard Practices for Respiratory Protection ]. Introduction 1.1 Scope. This standard acts forth accepted practices for respirator users, provides information and guidance on the proper selection, use, and are of respiraton, and contains recommended requirements for establish ing and regulating respirator programs. The standard corns the lie of respiraton to protect persons against the inhalation of harmful air contaminants and against oxygen defident atmospheres in the workplace. The following are not covered by this standard: (1) under water breathing devices, (2) aircraft oxygen systems, (3) military masks, and (4) medical inhalaton and resuaeitators. 1.2 Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to provide information and guidance on the proper selection and use of respiraton that wiB help safeguard the health and life of the users. This standard is written for aO persons concerned with respiratory protection, but es pecially for those primarily responsible for establishing and administrating an acceptable respirator program. The standard contains recommended requirements for use by enforcement authorities in establishing regula tions or coda on respiratory protection. li **900" end "Should." The provisions of this stan dard are mandatory in nature where the word "shall** is used and advisory in nature where the word "should" is used. 1.4 Exceptions. Exceptions to this standard may be granted by an appropriate regulatory agency, provided that equally acceptable requirements are established. 2. Definitions brawn Muling fqyfcatof. See respirator. A respirator designed to protect the wearer against inhalation of brash* material and against impact and abrasion from rebounding abrasive material. aerodynamic diameter. The diameter of a unit density sphere having the same settling velocity as the particle in question of whatever shape and density. maot. A system consisting of particles, solid or liquid, suspended in air. air-tine reepiratov. See respirator. air-purifyfaig respirator. See respirator. air regulating valve. An adjustable valve used to regu late. but which cannot completely shut off, the airflow to the facepiece, helmet, hood, or suit of an airline respirator. air-supply device. A hand- or motor-operated blower for the hose mask, or s compressor or other source of respirable air for the air-line respirator. pprorad. Tested and listed as satisfactory by the Bu reau of Mina (BM) of the U.5. Department of Interior, or jointly by the Mining Enforcement and Safety Ad ministration (MESA) of the U.S. Department of In terior and the National Institute for Occupational Safe ty and Health (N10SH) of the U.S. Department of Health, Education,and Welfare,or jointly by the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) of the U.S. Department of Labor and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) of the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Moony. A determination of the concentration of a substance in a human body by an analysis of urine, feces, blood, bone, or tissue. breathing tuba. A tube through which air or oxygen flows to the facepiece, mouthpiece, helmet, hood, or suit. aidster (air-purifying). A container with a Alter, sor bent, or catalyst, or any combination thereof, which remoras specific contaminants from the air drawn through it. anfater (oxygrn generating). A container filled with a chemical which generates oxygen by chemical reac tion. carcinogen. A substance known to reuse cancer. rertiiilgi (air-parifytag). A tmaD canister. catalyst. In respirator use, a substance which converts a toxic gas (or vapor) into a less-toxie gas (or vapor). 7 RSV 0021434 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ZII.Mno concaamboo. The concentration of in airborne substance that shall not be exceeded. chemical-cartridge rapbitor. See respirator. confined space. An enclosure - such as a storage tank, process vessel, boiler, silo, tank ear. pipeline, tube, duct, sewer, underground utility vault, tunnel, or pit - having limited means of egress and poor natural ventilation and which may contain hazardous contaminants or be oxygen deficient. contaminant. A harmful, irritating, or nuisance meterial that is foreign to the normal atmosphere. corrective tens. A lens ground to the wearer's individ ual corrective prescription to permit normal visual acuity. tanand. Sec demand-type self-contained breathing apparatus snd demand-type air-line respirator in Tables 3 and 4. detachable coupling. A device which permits the respira tor wearer, without using hand tools, to detach the airsupply line from that pari of the respirator worn on the person. dust. See Table 2. emergency respirator toe. Wearing a respirator when a hazardous atmosphere suddenly occurs that requires immediate use of a respirator either for escape from the hazardous atmosphere or for entry into the haz ardous atmosphere to carry out maintenance or some other task. exhalation vibe. A device that allows exhaled air to leave a respirator and prevents outside air from enter ing through the valve. eyepiece. A gas-tight, transparent windowfs) In a full facepiece,helmet,hood.or suit, through which the wearer may sec. facepiece. That portion of a respirator that covers the wearer's nose and mouth in a quarter-mask (above the chin) or half-muk (under the chin) facepiece or that covers (he nose, mouth, and eyes in a full facepiece. It is designed to make a gas-tight or particle-tight fit with the face and includes the headbands, exhalation vaJvefs), and connections for an air-purifying device or respirable gas source, or both. face shield. A device worn in front of the eyes and a portion of. or all of, the face, whose predominant func tion is protection of the eyes and the face. flbrnds gmdnrtng dust.* Dust which, when Inhaled, de ported, and retained in the lunp, may produce findings of fibrotk growth that may cause pulmonary disease. filter. A media component used in respirators to re move solid or liquid panicles fromthe inspired air. filter respirator. See respirator. fog. See Table 2. full facepiece. See facepiece. fume. See Table 2. gee. An aeriform fluid which is in the gaseous state at ordinary temperature and prcsuie. gas mask. See respirator. gogle. A device, with contour-ehiped eyecups with glass or plastic lenses, worn over the eyes and held in place by a headband or other suitable means for the protection of the eyes and eye sockets. half-mask facepiece. See facepiece. hazardous atmosphere. Any atmosphere, either im mediately or not immediately dangerous to life or health, which is oxygen deficient or which contains a toxic or disease-produdng contaminant exceeding the legally established permissible exposure limit (PEL) or. where applicable, the Threshold Limit Value (TLV) es tablished by the American Conference of Govern mental Indiatrial Hygienists (ACGIH). head harnrai. That pan of a facepiece assembly which secures the facepiece to the wearer. hdmet. That ponion of a respirator which shields the eyes, face, neck, and other pans of the head. high-efficiency liter. A filter which removes from air 99.97% or more of monodisperse dioctyl phthalate (DOP) particles having a mean particle diameter of 0J micrometer. hood. That portion of a respirator which completely covers the head, neck, and ponions of the shoulders. hoee mask. See respirator. immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH). Any atmosphere that poses an immediate hazard to life or produces immediate irreversible debilitating effects on health. valve. A device that allows respirable air to enter a respirator and prevents exhaled air from leaving the respirator through the valve. irraspiiaWc. Unfit for breathing. S RSV 0021435 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD UIJ1N0 uteiniWlfBttr,c*trMp,irHtar.T1ii maximum concentration of cootandnant for which an air-purifying Alter, cartridge, or canister to approved for me. ML Sk Table 2. ootfcpfcc*. That portion of a respirator which b held in the wearer's mouth and ii connected to an air* purifying device or respirable gas source, or both. It b desisted to make a gas-tight or particle-tight fit with the mouth. MKl Maximum permissible airborne concentration. These concentrations are set by the National Commit* tec on Radiation Protection. They are recommended maximum average concentrations of radionuclides to which a worker may be exposed,assuming that he works $ hours a day, S days a week, and SO weeks a year. neptivc piiware respirator. A respirator in which the air pressure inside the respiratory-inlet covering is posi tive during exhalation in relation to the air pressure of the outside atmosphere and negative during inhalation in relation to the air prtsurc of the outride atmosphere. noorootine rvpntor see. Wearing i respirator when carrying out a special task that occurs infrequently. mu damp. A device used with a respirator equipped with a mouthpiece that doses the nostrils of the wearer (sometimes called s noee dip). not tancdiatdy dangerous to lift or health. Any has* ardous atmosphere which may produce phyrical dis comfort immediately, chronic poisoning after repeated exposure, or acute advene phyatolofkal symptoms after prolonged exposure. odor theahdd limit. The lowest concentration of a con* tirrUnant in sir that can be detected by the olfactory sense. oxygen deficiency - immediately dangerous to life or baaith. An atmosphere which causes an oxygen per* tie! pressure of 100 mfflimeten of mercury column or ka in the freridy inspired air in the upper portion of the hmp which is stunted with water vapor. See Ap pendix A10. eryps drfirbncy - not immediately denpnnns to Ufa or health. An atmosphere having an oxygen concentre* boa below the minimum legal requirement (see Table I) but above that which b immediately daageroua to life or health. particulate matter. A suspension of fins solid or liquid parbdei in air, such as: dust, fog, fume, mist, smoke, or spray. Particulate matter swpended in air b com monly known as an aeroaol. peemieAle e^nwuft limit (PEL). The-legally established time-weighted average (TWA) concentration or ceding concentration of a contaminant that shall not be ex* catdad. pneemoconWwb piwfuring dud. Dust which.when in* haled, deposited, tnd retained in the hings, may pro duce signs, symptoms, and findings of pulmonary disease. parities peieeure respirator. A respirator in which the air pressure Inside the respiratory4nfo corering is posi tive in relstion to the ab preaurc of the outride atmos phere during exhalation and inhalation. powered ab purifying respirator. Sk mpiwor. pinin Jutland. Sk pres*ure4emand-type self-containad breathing apparatus snd preeurt-demand-type air-Urn respirator bi Tables 3 and 4. protection factor. The ratio of the ambient concentre- ' tion of an airborne substance to the concentration of the substance inride the respirator at the breathing zona of the wearer. The protection factor b a measure of the degree of protection provided by a respirator to the wearer. See Appendix A6.4. uwur respbatre us. Wearing a respirator for entry into i hazardous atmosphere to rescue a penon(s) in the hazardom atmosphere. itsbfance. Opposition to the flow of air. as through a canister, cartridge, particulate Alter, orifice, valve, or hose. respirable. Suitable for breathing. reapbator. A device designed to protect the wearer from the inhalation of harmful atmospheres. Sk Sec tion 5,Qasriflcation, Description, and Limitations of Respiraton, and Tables 3 and 4. respiratory-inlet covering. That portion of a respirator which connects the wearer's respiratory tract to an tbpurifying device or respirable gas source,or both. It may be a facepiece, helmet, hood, suit, or mouthpiece/nok damp. routine rfbilor we. Wearing a respirator as a normal procedure when carrying out a regular and frequently repeated task. nidation. The removal of dirt and the inhibiting of the action of agents that cause infection or disease. arif-coatrinod breathing apparatus. See rnpereror. RSV 0021436 9 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD UU-lf aarvfc* Uft. The period of time that respirator pro* rides adequate protection to the waver - for csample, the period of time that an air-purifying device is effec tive fpr rcmovin| a harmful substance from inspired air. smoke. See Table 2. sorfeaat. A material which Is contained in a cartridge or canister and which removes toxic |ases and npon from the inhaled air. ^ray. See Table 2. sapptiod-air rmpirator. See respirator. suppl>edir salt. A suit that is impermeable to most particulate and pseous contaminants and that is pro* vided with an adequate supply of respirable air. time-weifhtad mnp (TWA). The agrafe concen tration of a contaminant in air durin| a specific time period. vjvc (air or oxygen). A device which controls the pres sure. direction, or rate of flow of air or oxygen. vapor. The pseous state of a substance that is solid or liquid at ordinary temperature and pressure. welding helmet. A device destined to provide protec tion for the eyes and face apinst Intense radiant energy and molten metal splatter encountered in the weldin| and cutting of metals. window indicator. A device on a cartridge or canister that visually denotes the service life of the cartridge or canister. 3. Respirator Program Requirements 3.1 Purpoee. This section establishes requirements for t program for the use of respirators. The foDowing re quirements are supplemented by recommended prac tices in subsequent sections of this standard. 3.2 Permiaubk Practice. In the control of those oc cupational diseases caused by breathing air contaminated with harmful dusts, fumes, sprays, mists, fogs, smokes, vapors, or gases, the primary objective shall be to pre vent atmospheric contamination. This shall be accom plished as far as feasible by accepted engineering con trol measures (for example, enclosure or confinement of the operation, general and local ventilation, and sub* sthution of lets toxic materials). When effective engi neering controls are not feasible,or while they arc be ing instituted or evaluated, appropriate respirators shall be used pursuant to the following requirements. 3J Employer tmpotebttry. 34.1 Respirators shall be provided by the employer when sueh equipment is necessary to protect the health of the employee. 3J.2 The employer shall provide the respirators which arc applicable and suitable for the purpose in tended. 3JJ The employer shaD be responsible for the es tablishment and maintenance of a respiratory protec tion program which shall include the general require ments outlined la 3J. 3.4 Employee RasponabDity. 3.4.1 The employee shall use the provided respira tory protection la accordance with Instructions and training received. 3.4.2 The employee shall guard against damage to the respirator. 3.4j The employee shall report any malfunction of the respirator to responsible person designated by the written standard operating procedures. 3i Mlnknal Acceptable Ropfaalor Program 3i.l Standard Operating Procedure*. Written stan dard operating procedures covering a complete respira tor program shall be established and implemented in conformance with 3.5.2 through 3.5.15. 3 J.2 Program Adnrinhtration. The plant or com pany industrial hygiene, health physics, or safety engi neering department shall administer the respirator pro gram in close liaison with the medical department. Re sponsibility and authority for the respirator program shall be assigned to s single person. In small plants or companies having no formal industrial hygiene. health physio, or safety engineering department, the respira tory program shall be administered by an upper-level superintendent, foreman, or other qualified person re sponsible to the principal manager. The administrator shall have sufficient knowledge of respiratory protec tion to properly supervise the respirator program. 3.5 J Physiological and Psychological Limitation* for Respirator Wearers. A physician shall determine what physiological and psychological conditions are pertinent for the wearing of different types of respira tors. The respirator program administrator or his de signee, using guidelines established by the physcian, shall determine whether or not a person may be as signed to a task requiring the use of a respirator. This determination shall be reviewed at least annually. (See 7J.l. 7 J.2,7J.6,73.7, and 7.3.8, and Appendix A4.) 3.5.4 Approved RnpCtton. Approved respirators shall be used. For exceptions, see 1.4. Any modifica tion that Is not authorized by the approval agencies of an approved respirator voids the approval 35i Respirator Selection. The selection of the 10 RSV 0021437 proper type of ropintor ahafl be based upon (I) the nature of the hazardous operation or prow, (2) the Type of ra^tratory hazard (Including physical proper* ties, phyriologfcal effects on the body,concentration of toxic material or airborne radioactivity Iml, estab lished pemdsriblc time-weighted average concentretioo for toxic material, established pcrminible airborne con* centradoo for radioactive material, and established im mediately dangerout to life or health concentration for toxic material), (3) the location of the hazardous area Id relation to the nearest arcs having respirable air, (4) the period of time for which respiratory protection must be provided, (5) the activities of workers in the hazardous area, (6) the physical characteristics and functional capabilities and limitations of the various types of ropiraton, and (7) respirator protection fac* _ ton. (See Section 6.) 3 J4 Tntaing. Each respirator wearer shall be given training which shall include explanations and discusdons of (1) the respiratory hazard and what happens if the respirator is not used properly, (2) the engineer ing and administratis controls being used and the need for respirators to provide protection, (3) the rea son for selecting I particular type of respirator. (4) the function, capabilities, and limitations of the selected respirator, (5) the method of donning the respirator and cheeking its fit and operation, (6) the proper wearing of the respirator, (7) mpirator main tenance, and (8) recognizing and handling emergency situations. (See 7.2 J.) 3.S.7 Raapiratar Fit. Each respirator wearer shall be provided with a respirator fitted in accordance with 6.11. Each respirator wearer shall be required to check the seal of the respirator by appropriate means prior to entering harmful atmosphere. (See 74.) 3.5 J Facial Hair, Contact Una, sad Eye and Face Froactive Devices. A respirator equipped with a facepiece shall not be worn if fsdal hair comes be tween the sealing periphery of the facepiece and the face or if facial hair interferes with valve function. The wearer of a respirator equipped with a fuD facepiece, helmet,hood,or suit shall not be allowed to wear con tact lenses. If a spectacle, goggle, face shield, or weld ing helmet must be worn with a facepiece, it shall be worn so as not to adversely affect the seal of the face piece to the face. (See 7 J and 9.1.) 3J.9 hmt of Raapinton. The proper type of respirator for each respiratory hazard shall be listed in written standard operating procedures. Only persons trained to ensure that proper respirators arc risued shall be permitted to rime respirators to persons needing them. (See 722 and 7.5.) 3.5.10 Haspa ator bupertion. The respirator shall be inspected by the wearer prior to its use to ensure AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Ell .2-1 MO that It Is in proper working.condition. Each respirator stored for emergency or rescue use shall be inspected t least once a month. (See 74 end 8J.) 3J.II Moohring Respirator triev Supervisory per sonnel shall periodically monitor the use of respirators to ensure that they are worn property.{See 7.7.) 3.5.12 Monitoring Respiratory Hazard. The con centration or the airborne radioactivity level of the respiratory hazard in the work area shall be monitored initially prior to respirator selection and periodically during respirator use to ensure that the proper type of respirator is being utilized. (Sec 6.4 and 7 J.) 3.15.13 Medkal and Hammy SaneflUnce. When applicable, medical surveillance, including bioassay, shall be carried out periodically to determine if respira tor wearers are receiving adequate respiratory protec tion. A physician shall determine the requirements of the surveillance program. (See 10.4.) 3.15.14 Respirator Maintenance. Respirator main tenance shall be performed regularly. Maintenance shall be carried out on a schedule which ensures that each respirator wearer ri provided with a respirator that is clean and In good operating condition. Maintenance shall indude: (1) washing, unitizing, rinsing, and dry ing, (2) Inspection for defects, (3) replacement of worn or deteriorated pans, (4) repair if necessary, and (5) storage to protect against duat, sunlight, excessive heat, extreme cold, excessive moisture, damaging chemicals, and physical damage. (See Section 8.) 3.5.15 Respirator Program Evaluation. An appraisal of the effectiveness of the respirator program shaD be carried out at least annually. Action shall be taken to correct defects found in the program. (Sec Section 10.) 4. Classification of Respiratory Hazards 4.1 Introduction. The purpose of this section is to list and briefly describe various categories of respiratory hazards that might be encountered and that may re quire use of respirators. The information provides a general background for relating the guidance pro vided in subsequent sections to the type of hazard encountered. The respirator program administrator, however, may find it necessary to consult references on industrial hygiene and toxicology,and perhaps expert individuals as weO, In order to develop the necessary comprehensive information on specific air borne contaminants. Respiratory hazards, for the purpose of this stan dard, are classified as follows: (1 )Oxygen deficiency (a) immediately dangerous to life or health (b) Not immediately dangerous to life or health M RSV 0021438 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ZUJ-1M0 (2) Gas and npor contaminanti (t) ImmedMteiy dangerous to lift or health (b) Not immediately dangerous to life or health (3) Particulate contaminants (aeroaols induding dust, fog, fume,mist,smoke,and spray) (a) Immediately dangerous to Ufc or health (b) Not immediately dangerous to life or health (4) Combination of gas, vapor, and particulate con* taminanta (a) Immediately dangerous to Ufc or health (b) Not immediately dangerous to life or health Respirators may afford some protection against high-temperature atmospheres. (See 9.6.) Further in formation on the hazards of and use of respirators in high temperatures is presented in a National Fire Pro tection Association publication, Fin Offken Guide to Breathing Apparatus for the Fin Service, published in 1975. 4.2 Oaoification and Description of Respiratory Hazards. The bade respiratory hazards listed in 4.1 are classified in Table 1 according to expected biological effects of the contaminants. Many respirators, par ticularly air-purifying respirators, ere designed and selected on the baas of chemical and physical properties of the air contaminants. Therefore, gas, vapor, and par ticulate contaminants are presented in Tabk 2 accord ing to their physical end chemical properties. 5. Classification. Description, and Limitations of Respinton 5.1 Introduction. The purpose of this section is to pro vide a description of the various types of respirators, including their limitations and capabilities, as a back ground for subsequent sections which discuss their selection, use, and maintenance. This information is presented in two tables. Table 3 covers the cUioficatton end description of respirators according to the general classifications concerning mode of operation. Table 4 covers capebilitles and limitations of respirators arranged to correspond to the subject headings in Table 3. Respirators fall into the following general classifica tions, according to mode of operation: (1) Atmosphere-supplying respirators (a) Self-contained (b) Supplied-eir (c) Combination self-contained and supplied*ir (2) Air-purifying respirators (a) Gas and vapor (b) Psrticuiate (serosob including dust, fog, fume, mist, smoke, and spray) (c) Combination gas, vapor, and particulate (3) Combination atmosphere-supplying and airpurifying respirators More detailed information on specific types of respirators can be obtained from respirator manufac turers and from the foDowing manuals: Respiratory Protect!!* Devices Manual published by the American Industrial Hygiene Anoostioo and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists in 1963 (out of print) A Guide to Industrial Respiratoiy Protection published by the Lot Alamos Scientific Laboratory in 1977 Energy Research and Development Administration, Di vision of Safety, Standards, and Compliance Respirator Manual published by the Los Alamos Scientific Labora tory in 1976 Manual of Respiratory Protection Against Airborne Radioactive Materials published by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission In 1976 The colon asigned to cartridges and canisters of air-purifying respirston are listed in the American National Standard for Identification of Cartridges and Canisters used in Air-Purifying Respirators, ANSI K13.1-1973. 5.2 Respirable Air ad Oxygen for Sdf-Cootimed Breathing Apparatus and Svpplled-Air Respirators. Compressed gaseous air, compressed gaseous oxygen, liquid eir, and liquid oxygen used for respiration shall be of high purity. Compressed gaseous or liquid oxygen shall meet the requirements of the United States fturmacopoeii for medical or breathing oxygen. Chemically generated oxygen shall meet the require ments of U.S. Department of Defense Military Specifi cation MIL-E-63252 or Military Specification MIL-O] 5633c. Compressed gaseous air shall meet tt least the requirements of the specification for Type ! - Grade D breathing air, and liquid air shall meet at least the re quirements for Type II -- Grade B breathing air as de scribed in American National Standard Commodity Specification for Air, ANSI ZS6.1-1973 (Compressed Gas Association Commodity Specification for Air, C-7.1,1973). Compressed gaseous air may contain low concentra tions of oil. If high-pressure oxygen passes through a oil- or grease-costed orifice, an explosion or fire may occur. Therefore,compressed gaseous oxygen shall not be used in supplied-air respirators or in open-circuittype self-contained breathing apparatus that have pre viously used comprised air. Breathing air may be supplied to respirators from cylinders or sir compressors. Cylinders shall be tested 12 RSV 0021439 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARC ZJt.MMO and maintain'd in accordance with applicable Depart* ment of Transportation epedfications for shipping eonUinere (Title 49, Code offedtr&IRegukrioru, Fart I ?3, General Requirements for Shipments and Pack* agings, and Fart 1 78, Shipping Container Specifica tions). A compressor ihaS be constructed and rituated d as to avoid entry of contaminated air into the airsupply aynem and ihaD be equipped with a suitable inline air-purifying sorbent bed and Alter to further assure breathing air quality. If an oQ-iubricsted com pressor is used, it shall be equipped with a high-temp erature alarm or a carbon-monoxide alarm, or both. Breathing air eouplinp shall be incompatible with outlets for nonreepirable plant air or other gas systems to prevent inadvertent servidni of air-line respirators, with nonrespirable gases. Breathing-gas containers shall be marked in ac cordance with American National Standard Method of Marking Portable Compressed Gas Containers to Iden tify the Material Contained. ANSI Z48.1-1954 (R1971); Federal Specification BB-A-lQ34a, June 21,1968, Air, Compressed for Breathing Purposes; or Interim Federal Specification GG-B-675d, September 23,1976, Breath ing Apparatus, Self-Contained. Further details on sources of compressed air and Its safa use will be found in Compressed Gas Association Pamphlet C-7,1976, Compressed Air for Human Respiration. 6. Selection of Respirators 6.1 Approved Respirator*. Only approved respirators shall be selected. For exceptions, see 1 A. (See Ap pendix A3.) 6.2 General Conoderations. The selection of a proper respirator for any given stuation shall require con sideration of the following factors: (1) The nature of the hazard (see 6J, 6.4,6.9.1, 6.9.2. and 6.9 J) (2) The characteristics of the hazardous operation or proeea(aee 6.5) (3) The location of the hazardous area with respect to a safe area haring respirable air (aae 66) (4) The period of time for which respiratory pro tection may be provided (see 6.7) (5) The activity of workers in the hazardous area (see 6J) (6) TV physical characteristics, functional eapebDtttes, and limitations of respirators of various types (see 6.9) (7) TV respirator-protection factors and respirator At (me 6.10.6.11,6.12,6.13,6.14. and 6.15) 6J Natnra of Hazard. TV following facton concern ing the nature of the hazard requiring the use of respirators shaD be condderad In respirator selection: 0)Type of hazard (a) Oxygen deficiency (b) Contaminant (2) niyskal properties (3) CVmical properties (4) niysologieal effects on the body (5) Actual concentration of a toxic material or air borne radioactivity level (a) Average (b)Paak (6) Established permissible time-weighted average or peak concentration of a toxic material, or both, or established maximum permissbk airborne radioactivity krai for radioactive substances (7) WVther the hazard is an bnmediately4angerousto-Ufc-or-health concentration of a toxic material (8) Warning properties See Section 4 for deadfication and discussion of respiratory hazards. 6.4 Mtfri Monitoring of Respiratory Hazard. Recog nition and evaluation of the respiratory hazard (oxygen deficiency or eontamimnt(s)) shall be an essential pan of selecting a respirator except in emergency or rescue operations. Initial monitoring of the respiratory hazard shall be carried out to obtain data needed for the selec tion of proper respiratory protection. The data should include: (1) Identification of the type of respiratory hazard (a) Oxygen deficiency (b) Specific contaminants) (2) Nature of contaminant(s) (a) Particulate matter (b) Vpor(s) or git**) (3) Concentration of respiratory hazard Sec Appendix A8 for a discussion of the monitoring of respiratory hazards. 6.5 Characteristics of Hazardous Operation or Process. The following factors concerning the hazardous opera tion or process shall be taken into account in selecting the proper respirator: (1) Operation or process characteristics (2) Work-area characteristics (3) Materials, including raw materials, end products, and byproducts (actual and potential) (4) WorkeT activities Modification In Use operation or process shall be taken into account, rince this may change the hazard and hence require the selection of a different respi rator. 13 RSV 0021440 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ZUJ-IW O RSV 0021441 Table I fl--ifralloa of R--piralory Hazartb According la Their Biological Effect Oif|H Mlctaaty Gaa id Vapor CodiolaMli Particulate Cool--ilnaoIs (Dust, fog, fume, mkl, Mwki, id ignr) Minimum hpl raqobsmsnts: H.J* bp volume lof reapfaMr air of m-bnl nondlll--|. (S-- Note I.) Ocean--: ConOad or --Ibid aim, weir, mlart. hip boMs, lidi, burning hnlldl--s. and ndoom contain ing loon atmeapbarar: Ahnoapbmie oayg-- --nleoMpe--I bp whoQ i-- 10.H: Oxygen cootent of normal alt ai Mbid ndlIlona. orf KaJfamr rf Jm Lrtti PbyaMogfeef Effect* I4%-I2% Iota of peripheral Mm,bctuid breathing --load, ictcbnid h--ilbcal, Impaired ml--ltoo sod IMobfad. impaired coordination. I2H*IM Vary faahp (odgioaol, varp poor mutcubr coordination, maecubr exertion cane* falipo ibat aaap cause permanent heart damage, intermittent reapirviioa. Nenaea, vomiting, bubUlly Io perform vigorous loovaodol. oocooeriooineir folowd bp dealh. teas lb-- Spa-elk breathing, caanbfai movtmeair. 4* death in miaul-- Aapbpil--to: lolatfcM wilh uillitatioo of oxygen io iba body. Sbopla asphyxiants: Ptyiiologically Inort mbatanc-- IbaI dlhila oxyg-- io tha sir (for aumpta: nitrogen, hydro gen. badaia. awibaoc). S-- Oxygen Deficiency. Column I. Cboodesl aspbyaisolr: Low coaceatralio-- interfere wllb apply or ulilitalloa of oaygen la Iba body (for example; caiboo doaoaida. hpdrofca cyanide, cyanogen, sad nltfilari. Ml--la: Corroeivc la action. Hay caora Irritation sod In flammation of parts of iba tatplraiory ayMcai (alao Ala aod eyes) and pulmonary edema (for axampb: ammonia bydropen cMorida. formaldehyde, nKw dioxide, chlorine, orona, nitrogen dloaida, phasgene. aod an--k trichloride). A--bitter: Caora Ion of feeling id mnratloo wllb uncon sciousness aod death pouible (for example: etiroea oaide, hydioaibom, sod ethcii). Some aotelbalica taiora body otgana (for aaample: carboo leltachlorkle |hvet aod hidaryi|. chloroform |Mm and heart|,beat--a |boaa ou* tow(, --dcarbondimIftdc |nervoussystem |). Sendtitan: Caum increased probablhly of phyrlotogkal reactions (for --ample: iaocyanalea,apoiy raafaa systems). Ralathraly hurt: May came diacomfort aad minor bit ration, fail generaly wllb--t injury al rraannabla tatcnlratloni (for aaample: marble, gyp--m). foimaomy-flbrode pendaring: Produce nodolall-- and flbroaU ia the bmg. po--bty laedbg to oompbeatia-- (for aaanplt: quartt, aabcrioaL Carcinogens: Produce caoeet le wow individuals after laieot period (for eaampb: albedos, chreawtea, radioactive ptrlkuieici). Cbamkal brtlaots: Produce IrrinikMi. (allammallM, and uknrstion ip oppm wapbaioty trad (for example: addle mists, utkehes). Syalomk polaoaa: Plodoca pathologic raactfawi In various yatema of iba body (for aaaaapb: lead, wangiaaaa. cad mium |. Aleryprodudag: Prodoca rcaclioM each aa hcblog. aoeetl--. and aalbmaa (for example: pollena, ipltri. and animal for). Pababa rwrtion prodacbg: Prodon cbNb fotlawad by fever (for axampb: A--of dneand capper). Syatamle pafano: Damaga organa and ayrlemt In Iba body (for eaample: mercury | nervous tyatem aod various orgaor|, phosphorus |bone|. hydrogao rolfida jratpltalory paralydfl.aod anfam (red Mood oefts and liver ||. Cardarfrac frodwx cancer Io romr individuals after i latent pettod (for aaample: vinyl chloride. be--e). Comhi--do-- of Gaa, Vapor, and PariicobW Cialimlarota Combinations of coniaminantr may occur almoltaoeoualy Io iba nowpletr. C--tamioaola may be entirely differ--I subIiikc* (duarr and gatea from bbtllng1 or iba partiewista and vapor forma of Iba um --balance. Syati|lfa effects (Join! action of two or more agents lhat re--Hi fat an efTact which la grcairr Ih-- Iba aura of Ihds individual effects) may acc--. goth effects may require extraordinery prolactin me--wee. NOTE |: See definition in Section 2 for "oxygen deficiency - --I bnmediately dangerous io life nr baaib" and "oxygen deficiency - immediately dangerous to life or hmlih," and Appendix AI0. ri Table 2 Clmlfkallon of Rapinlary Hazards According (o Thdr Properllet Which Infltmnce Respirator Selection Cm ui Vapor CaiaohioO laot: SubiiiMti that do Ml react with other Mbiimcn under ami condition!. hot create a mphtlory hataid hr dtoptadng air aad pradadng oaygea deficiency (for ntafli: heSom, neon, ergon). d riiln Sabafaacea that are add* or that react with water to pro duce aa add. la water, they prodace poritlvely chatted hydro* pea toot tH** | and a pH of lata than 7. They tatie toer, and many are oacrorive to iltam (for atatapta: hydtoteo chloride, wrier dtotide. Haartaa. altrefa dloilde. acellc add, cathoa dloakde, hydiotca wtnda, aad hydregaa cyanide). AMhat Sahataaeaa that are ildhi or that react wtth watat to prodace aa alkali, la water, they resah la the prodactloa of negatively charted hydroiyt loot (OH**1) ead a pH treater lhaa 7. They latte biller, and many are mriorivs to Itoati (for eaentpk: aetaioala, tmlaar, phtHptklne, arrine, aad ttlbinc). Ovgaak: Tht coaipoeadt of tarboa. Eumpfce are ataralcd hydrocarhoat letethane. elhaaa. botaae). aatelaraled hydtocarboaa lethyleiw, ecetykoe), tkohofc (methyl ether, ethyl ether), aldehydet Iformaldehyde). ketonet (methyl ketone), organic adds (formic add, acelk add), hahdet (chloroform, carbon tetrachloride), amldct IformamUc. acetamide), id* Ir(let lacclontlrlk). kocyanatei Hohrene driwcyenale), mines fmethylamine), epoika (epoxyclhene, propykae oaide), and aromalkt Ibcaaene, tohrene, aytene). OrgaaometriHe: Compoondi In which meltIt are chemically bonded to organk groopt (for eaampte: ethyl riicate, telraeihyl kad, and organic photphalc). Hydrldef Compoondi In whkh hydrogen It chemically bonded to melah and certain other ckmenti |for rtampk: dlborane and lelraboraoe). hrtkiliU CosImImiMi Partkka are prodocad by mechanical meant by dMalegnlka pvocetaet toch at grinding, crotMat. drtllag, bkttlng, sad praying; or by phyriocheaiicsl readloot inch at eombotlloa, eaporlaaika, dhiUktioa, tobUmalloa. caktaatloe. aad candcmilaa. Artlda am dmriflad at foPowt: Data: A wild, aiachaalcally prodocad pertkle with data vary ing from wbmkrotcopk to vtalMc or omcrotcopk. Ipray: A IlgeM, mvrheafcrily prodocad partkk with riaaa peaerally la Iha vMMa or macrorcoplc mate. Pam: A told caadeataiba pattkk of eatrrmriy ratal parkk tlm, geaetaBy tea than owe ndu'baratar la dteastw. Hte: A Hgaid eaadeamtlaa paillde with rim taak from white ample to vhdbkar maciaanapk. Peg: A aritt of wflkkal coacaalratloa to perceptibly ebteort virion. Smoke: A tyatem vkkk laJadea the ptodaett of eombotlloa, pyrolyrit. at cteadcal rcactloa of labitancni la the form of vklbk aad tnvMbla aohd and KgU partkkt aad gateoat prod* octi In air. Smoke k osoaly of wfTkteel concentration to per* ceptIMy ohaenre vision. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z J I.M M O RSV 0021442 AMERICAN NATIONA t STANDARD ZW-MMO RSV 0021443 Table 3 Qieifkiltoa mad DacripHea af Rafinlm by Mode of Operation AlanflMJrf^l|iii| RnphiiM A respirable atmosphere Isdependeut of tba IdrCMOlari Afpnlai (SC1AI A wppir of ole. oxygen, at aiypaiiatial* lag material to aniri by Iba vmtt. Nor* maiy equipped with M facepiece, bat may be equipped with a quarter-mask face piece. half-mask facepiece, hehoai. hood, or mouthpiece aad aeea damp. (Ik Qoaad-Ckewif SCRA (oxygen only, negative pressure* or positive pressure*). (at Comprtned or liquid r>yie type. Equipped with a facepiece or mouthpiece and nose damp. Hifh-pressure oxygen from a gas cylinder paues through a highpressure reducing valve and. In soma de signs. through a low-pressure admiaeton vaHu to breathing bag or container. Liquid onygeu it converted to low-pres sure gaseous oxygen and delivered to the breathing bag. The wearer Inhales fsorn the bag.through a corrugated lube con nected to a mouthpiece or facepiece and a owe way check valve. Exhaled air passes through another check valve and tube into e container of carbon-dioxide removing chemical and reenters the breathing bag. Make-up oxygen enters the bag contin uously or as the bag deflates sufficiently to actuate an adminion valve. A pressuretelief system to provided, and a manual by* puaa system and saliva trap may be pro vided depending upon the deugn. ihienl air Is tuppttad lo the wearer. SuppHad-Ab Itqlnltn (l)HoccMa* Equipped with a facepiece, breathing tube, rugged safety barsess. and large-diametei heavy-duty uonkhsklng air-supply hoaa. The braathlag lube and ait-supply hose are securely attached to the harness. The face piece to equipped with an exhalation valve. The harness has provision for at tach!tq a safety Him. (a) Mom usesk with Mower. Air Is sup plied by a motor-driven or hand-operated blower. The wearer can continue to in hale through the hose If the blower fails. Up to 100 fast (91 mctaisl of horn hngth to parmlaaibto. ft/ Mom mask wtihomi Mower. Tha wearer provides motivating force lo pull air through the horn. The hose Inkl Is anchored and fitted with a funnel or like object covered with a fine mesh screen lo prevent entrance of coarse particulate matter. Up to 73 feel {]] maters) of hose length to permissible. (1) Air-Line Rc^balor Respirable sir is supplied through a smalldiameter hose from a compressor or com pressed-air cylinderdl. The hues to at tached to the wearer by a belt or other suitable means end on be detached rapid ly in an emergency. A (low-control valve Ab-rralfyfa* Kiphiw Ambient air, prior to being Inhaled, to posed through a fillet,cartridge, oi cannier which removes partIdea, vapors, gases, or a combination of them contaminants. Thw breathing actioa of the wearer operates tire nonpowered type of respirator, Tha powstwd type contains a Mower - stationery or carried by the wearer - which poses ambient air through an air-purifying component and than supplies purified ais to the mptoalar-briel coveslag, TV nonpowered type to equipped with a facepiece or mouthpiecs and aoo damp. The powered type to equipped with a facepiece, heVet. buod.oc nit. V^er- and Gas Removing RsapIrelose Equipped with cartridges) or cantsler(r) to remove a single vapor os go (for exampis: chlorine gas), a single dao of vapors or gases (for Siampis: organic sapors), os a combination of two or more classes of vapors or gases (for example: or ganic vspon xad acidic gmes) from ato. PartktobfwRemovlag LeeptosSars Equipped wRh fUterisI to teswove a single type of particulate natter (for example: dost) or e combtoatloa of two or more type*of perikobte matter (for ample: dust and fume) horn ato. Flier may he a replacesbh pert or a permanent pail of the respis mot. Flier may he of the single use ot ike seueahla lypa. Combination Particulate- and Vapor- and Cm R amoving Rraptortort Equipped with carlridfe(i) or canbier(s) lo remove particulate matter, rapese. and garni from alt. TV fillet easy V a permanent part or a replaceable perl of a cartridge or canister. 1 AMEJUCAN NATONAL fTAKDAJtD H I J - ifto RSV 0021444 c* M4 uofiqtqa* put jojqufaj pmuqaq jo pptofiu|id 4q aaqdaMj aqi q paufauqaiu q atmaaid Mflpod yp -pjiutPUf q U(W punutp qi put u|i|io4 hum -q majdamj aqi uf wwri *M(iq|K *0 mqdmtj M|| o| twqdiOMit ftqqitMq p AO(j aqi agMaad put uatiaqaqiq J ocqiqipq ptiaqiat q iqi aqa* puuiuap qq* poddpibg, ' -ootiqaqtt put uofiqaqut qioq t*J*p iqq-4M|tqdtM q atmaaid aqiiaod Moopaid aOtaaQ' 'uofiqtquf M1NP HIMW iqup4ioitJ|diM iq jiimW aqitlau amopoid iqu(|( *io|ti|d(J fu|4jMnd-qt ut jo mb jo| tuoyi ipuuo jm pmoia 4i tqdaeM|t tqi utq* pwi l| ipqt 4|ddM jft paqt|aaoj|M 4ftfii*aa ut qq *oaqdaai Iwi4jfiid-i|t ut ({) 10 qpj 4|4dat qa aqi iuui qi u| aqiiMui uqt -otd qqq* iwuipmi *q4jt^qa 4j*||aM u qi|* joiwptoaj Pqijddm uqiliouit ut < |) :u<qitiado jo lapoui ujj|p o*l jo itqifa *up jo uqido aqi qq* mum tqi appojj uu|tq*u fcq4j^*qq put qd|ddug >qdaounp umiwqfoj '4|ddM q ptptIMOJ pM t|U|M-C| |M| It upiuoa put uijq tuput* utuud nq t aq MiqUoup aataUutp u) iduu put oiu) ijiut I|iq Mj pMOMMt MOfAtg d^ddM qa pau|r|M-j|M diaqiaaa tqi oi nqiqaa lama tqi `aiaiado ot qpi A|dd q 4*uqiU tqi iua*a tqi tf a|dm|a uopuiq t miojj adaaaa i *4|ddm jft pwi|a)uo>j| 4Jtqit ua qi|B wiupw tup-qt ut tpupu| 4|d4tasqv pqMoo>jrS ^V VI* auqtq^tg aart-Jfy tiqiaMBO wqdwaj tqi ut pnqtit|f q mm tud iqipod V 4fiio tiqlantj a qtpu HA|b3 . jddj ptujpMuny (*J wqii*q*q 4uo qt jo *qj him tad u|a* putunp tqj ~4|bo anqdmtj a qua poddpbg ,*d4j pwMfl iq) 1|M tqi joaiMd tiqidaiddi q pquq Bipt qUoojqi qi|MtJt*t put 'quail 'paaq tqi OI taqat |tuiiq jo uttiada qlaoiqi ||w a oi paqddM q J|V pag"*** q iqua pa 'pooq 'uaiuiaq luf)iuaaoof oi aiaupB tad qa jo (mj qyo *pj wm 041 put laogdwaj ftqii|j-iql|t oi liaqu tad qa jo |iaaj qqna imj) M*lp (| | iaaq iy M*i jo 'ituqaq 'pooq 'aaatdmaj a qqa paddiabg aqj *oqf muimpmoj f) qq|B|Mjtd q qiSaq aaoq jo datattM U> imj 00C 01 df) 0P * `pooq 'Ituqaq *aoa|daMj) maaaput q) m\ p)lapid M itpqu a qtaojqi aiaqdaoaiia laqqaw aqi o aaaaad qa pqaqvg -umm aq| 01 M(J qa jo aiai aqi kmmI oi ptpyaid q oggio jo Biuiddt aqi lapauN to fcquuop uaqo 4pio paau aq p|Boqa apoui pu*M *ap aqi mi qafqa U| `wqiaJadojo apow puauup awuaaid m puauMp aqi |iq I laiatB aqi joj uiqqiaid aq 4bm miaiudda aqj. aagdaMj aqi uj poupMqaui q ataaaajd u|||h^ '4foo aagduatj qqa poddfabg 9 piuimp <iwiy {q) an qdojuj aqi u| (ipqu a qtaaap MaqdMMUia itq%Ma 01 attaod qioaaq pqtqag MqigMpq ftqmp 4pm MU Jft to aU4Boii|BWd qu putmtp aqj. 'diuap mou put aotfdqiBoau jo aiqdtitj qqu pawMiaPj ,'addj pauaaij () t)fua addi adtatt uoiditnqaj wiaplujauuq pappoid q aaapda M^q y *|ua!4a* H"Hi `A* PtHi `md4ao pMtudMBn *qa pMaidmiwi im ipiptadO U) MU JH^HO aqi 4qpaoOWMqqiaMqpa|aqaa qiq aptaqp aoyQ qa pqqnjaMiqM aqi 4q ptuimal q aiai uupMalUa aqj. Miqum aqi 0|Uf 4|qMtam q*l ft*|IMJV**l** W puiBM a qUuojqi MMd qa paM|Ki tiqdaatj aqi |t qa qaaqa 4ib aua put aqoi pmaaBuao a ifhoqi Mq aqi umij upp| bum ll. -*q fcqqianq aqi q hUn um| * 01 Miqum aqi wq luipuaga qqa apau qiaatq pqtqm tqi q aodm mu* dUMp atou poa wqdqiaoM m anqdnaj t qq* ptddpiPa Md fctwiBididfrp (qj y AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z II4 -I9 I0 RSV 0021445 Table 4 Capabilities had Umititlom of Reaplntoa ($m 5.2 foe fidfloiioM om itflnU* imwohOTi.) AtwoplamMpylflin mHriion peorida pmndtoa iitlatt sinn deficiency and losk iiMfkmi. The Woiklai BiiMMphm fa hltplrrt of mMoi atmospheric conditions. General Umlrntkma: Eiorpl for hm air-hoe iuMi, no protection b provided ikta Irritation by mimUi HCk aa mawalr and hydiop* chloride, or agabiit sorption of ma- loriob mch m hydrogen cyiaMc, Irilbn, or organic phosphate peiilcidn through (he ikia. Fampbtas pwiwl apacbl pvobbma |o MhUmh lo mat preacription kattr (m 9.1 >. Uaa of etmoaplMio supplying rsipiralors to itnooMro Immediately dangCroat lo Itfa or health b Iboitad m apodfk device* uodet spacUhd coodUkom (wt Tabb S aod 9.1 aod 9.4h teirConmtnad fceacfcbg Appnalss(ICtA) layyriad-Afe Raapbelora Thownaper cantos Ms own braatMng atmos- tMwimv Tha period over which tha de sk* wfll provide protection b boiled hy the amount of ah or oaygon ht the apparains, tha amhbnt alreoepberk pramore Isarvioa Mfa of open dicult devices b cut h* half hy a douhHag of lha atmospheric pvesaure), and lha lypa of work being per formed. Soma $CIA devices have a short service Ufa (baa (ban I5 minutes) aod are writable only for escape (adf-raacue) from enhissptiahb almaapheto. Chief Hmllstkma of SCfiA devices are their weight or bub, or both, limited ser vice Ufa, and lha training required for their maintenance and mfa am. ft) ClomdOrcuil SCBA. The closed-drcull operation conserve* etypen aod peimils longer servke Ufa t reduced weight. The negatbo-prassnte type yrodnasa a negative prassnre in tha Tha tetpbsbb ah supply Is not limited to lha quantity the Individual can carry, and lha device* are lightweight end simple. tImitartotu: limited lo era In atmosspheres from which the wearer can es cape unharmed without lha aid of the respirator. Tha wearer b restricted in movement by lha horn and must return to a reapIrabb atmosphere hy retracing hb route of entry. The hose b subject lo being severed or pbehed off. IIINottllid. The feme btbr or bbwer must be located and secure b a reipirebb stmoiphcrr. (ml How mas) wtol Mown. If the blower fail*, the unit itUI provides protection, although a negative preaeure exbit lo tbs facepiece during bhaleliod. (b) How mart wirhowf Newer. Masbaum hose bi^fh may rmlrict sppAcation of device. Als-Furifybg liphlnn Gtntrwl UmitMltoMf Air-purifying tespbelors do not protect against osygeo-dcfldsol atmosphere* nor agatnil akin inbetlona by, or lotp<too th*ob the skin of. ahboron contaminants. The multmni contaminant concentration agaioit which an ab-purtfybg respirator wiB protect b determined by lhe design efficiency and capacity of the cartridge, raobiar. or filler and (he facepiece-rosace teat on the matt. For gaaaa and vapors. the maxiemm concentration for which the air-purifyir* abmcal b deafened b apmdfhd by the aaanofacturei or b liatod oo bbab of carirfdgea aod caobtera. Nonpowertd alr-purifybig retpbatoit i not provide the maximum design protactien specified nnlett the facepiece or mouthpbco/noae clamp b carefully fiuad to the wearer'* face to prevent Inward leakage (wt 7.4|. Hm lima period oer which profociion b provided b dependent on canister, cartridge, or filler iypn;oncenttaiiooof eonlaminant;homldiiy bveb in the ambient almo^hste; aad the wearer* ratphatory rata. The proper type of canbler, cartridge, or fiber moat be selected for the putlcvbi atmo sphere and condition*. Nonpowered alr-perlfyiog reaphatort may cauw discomfort dun lo a noticeable resilience to inhalation, TMa problem b mtnimired in powered raapha* tort.Respiratof facnplecai present ipedal probbms to Indiridoah eg aired to wear pre scription bases (see 9.1). These device* do have the advanbge of being small, BgtM.and simple hi oporaibm. Use of sir-purifying respirator* in atmosphere* Immedbtely dangerous lo life or hrnhh b limited to specific devices under specified conditions <see Tabb 5 and 9.1 and 9.4). Vaprn- and Gee-Itentering IIaspirator* Limitations' No proieclioo I* provided against partkuble contaminants. A rise In canister or cartridge temperature indicates that a gas or vapor b hriag removed from tha inspired alt. An uncomfortably high temperature Indi cates a high conccntraibn of gas or vapor sod requhes an Immediate return to fresh ib. Use should be avoided in slmospheres fh*lfcsdala->wearing Haapbmasa Limitations. Protection against aeovotoiht partkbi oaly. No protectbn sgabst gases and vapors. Not for urn In atmospheres Immedbtely dangerous lo life or health unless hi davice h s powered-type respirator with escape proririont (see Tabb 5k 11) Fed Facepiece Re^belov. rioridei protection against eye irritation in addition lo respiratory protocSlan. j 1 P AMEX(CAN NATIONAL STANDARD ZJt.M M O RSV 0021446 O' -o--os> 9 <pn iurtu pfw -nriw s*osi mm ot>*<i opoo* n (Nnp *i m min mnmwj 4m im ii Mf`)oiu)iHi n jo -mmn m m>n%*o **** osi ooinnpp 4mMl (opon N|4j|ia4-4I) tootl'imi )Ml M|| 1M* ifM u mmooP pom *to*S miiuNojo opooi ai|i # 'im^i pMM4n*ili)iiim^ fM osi m '4|4N ata^l n *! QStooi HpNnaM si jo Miojp-- iwiln MitjtnIiiaMmf N* nNiNipi osi twiHfcl >1*--n Mj poo Aa P<m 4IWW4 mhwbj AUPHib poooop N MO If IS|Mf HHm^H |MM V "nwn"3 (S 11U 4* V 4*iM aiooff | maf | miMB || M|A Alim Mj poto os iom pm Nni Mf pooud do | 4|ddo< J| pM|*|Mj|M l||f* 3f*af SSL IMIOdQOf o NMJj toi oi iiim |) M|i n|Mf jo N4| m m ifddo* qt poojtooaojpa Aiwqprm oy, -i|*3fb pMMf 1 no If M*Mf toip*l**| V miMH |MI |OM Mad *| po|d ^ 4|mm oS MO toy H|| -Nf i| MOOpOOIOM jO 00(1 out Mud Nii*to qioofi Man oatddi iton mj 4|M pom *0 mtoi mlfiy tf| MW^dMIHHi -- MJ pldd Of to" to M m *OMj) toMW f*SBJ V 'MtotdMV tod 4 mi-WI P" FM OM*0U> (OHO |M*Md OI M|4 to 4|MW3M os imp danp MON Mfo is lomanmw j OOfIMlOf DMMd Nnimia SIMM oooyfddo odMM Mj Am* pmm os MSS Ulton w|toW ) *900004*00 MS* WMRWjMW OMOO OWj SMI** 0S*MJ) toMOO yyj v MMStoot aitoMj MM-jni P*n MU 1--0 ({| oywoioid iMiosdroi oi wtHN* to OtomMS oio Htooto M|IMd mos*o oaydoooj Mi il\ '(( SIU M) Msyod odomo SM* Mioytooi odippomood s oa|4 *P *S mtpm shoos m ojit oi mmotonp 4|OM|f1 MMSdOOMIO Mf 010 Mj |<>M |'M|M*dald pMfOIM MMtofl fN| |M|| nwIMWIMOO MJ pMoMdo |0 M 1M| <SdM* ao(*M0OM0f pm -MdOA> (Mf OMOOdlO NSI|MMd SI MS* M 10 SO to OOflOJIMOMMO 0 |l MO|l*IMLJ> * *Mfo :s if) MSModoid tofiuo* loaftoj -JM npof (l)|0M|UIO|M03 f OIOS* A| sv at <mv mmAh hv i^iioij H Itos PM sw Mrs* M JO NimoM osi SH* Ataofoioip pool ion *0O|Moy M y HBIO|nO|MOB fio noooHiMjjOM IMW pw Ito* OfSO M JO |to*to0M SI 0*011 oood ion 'msiiii n fM* 'unoto*)*** ooms SftJ ifddo* S* osi j| oo|poojd oo otoMMdwonsdooi ooa-sv s>SWPf7 'IS* |*SM to* Itoosi fi|ini|i os 40M (OSI M toS* to* OIOS'S losi oonsdo OOMIO |M|Mo pn<ud ion oi|M i|*osonw jo *IH pnto i|ow< oi |do ns on poo totoM ItoMf-iMpStoM OSI to 0M0 Mid 0 Oft|OfOIO 00d4| pOOMOp -oionoid poo oou-aoootoiooo noso *B||0|NO| OO OMfdOMJ || to 1--nd oofiodoo noopoad odi| pooQMf osi toodix pooniq nonig poo >o--q *M|j Mooopooal nmtol tolSV U) -viooofOMiooo jo tofto pwnto fouod to Ido nto to POT OOfltoOSto *toMf toyoom >ofs tooiosdni osi to oooo d o*|i|ood o ooftoofon odii pmmmp oionoMI osi mooos* *M||0|nfto Mpop topoooo ifto iiopsdMO osi to Monood o>|ioioo o Mnpoid odii poownp osi VUt Ni^OMdott) SM|M|m jo otoMto Ntooai NMod o do Mt| S PM Nmoi Itoto AmiosdMi f to ooOMood OMlIMd o wsto toil >4--|Q odii wood OofifMd OSI MOJOS* SitOOOftoOIOOO jo otoyos pmoto l|uod Im Of poo *OOf| Stoto tos'op totoMMo Itoto tointoi ( AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD USJ-1910 it Location of HuvAmi Arm. The location of the hazardous arcs with rtcpcct to a ufc arcs having resplfable air shall be considered in selecting a respirator, tinet this will permit planning for the escape of workers if so emergency occurs, for the entry of workers to perform maintenance duties, and for rescue openlions. 6.7 Reepiraier Use Time Period. The period of time that a respirator must be worn is an important factor that shall be taken into account in selecting a Tespirator. Consideration shall be given to the type of respirator application.such as fot routine, nonroutine, emergency. or rescue use. It would not be desirable, for example, to select respirators that are heavy or tharoffer high resistance to breathing for routine wearing for many hours each day. 6.S Worker Activity. Worker activities and worker locations in hazardous areas shall be considered in selecting the proper respirator (for example, whether the worker is in the hazardous area continuously or intermittently during the work shift and whether the work rate is light, medium, or heavy). 6.9 Respirator Characteristics, Capabilities, and Limitations. The physical characteristics, the funetional capabilities, and the performance limitations of the various types of respirators shall be coiuidered in selecting a respirator. (5ee Section 5.) 6.9.1 Respirators for Oxypa-De6dent Atmoephere. Only respirators that provide an independent, respirable atmosphere shall be used in an oxygen* deficient atmosphert. Respirators for use In atmospheres that are oxygen deficient and immediately dangerous to life or health (see definition) and respire* ton for use in atmospheres that are oxygen deficient but not immediately dangerous to life or health (sec definition) art listed in Table 5. 6.9.2 Respirators for Atmospheres Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health. Respirators for use In atmospheres that contain adequate oxygen but arc immediately dangerous to life or health because of the presence of toxic contaminants are listed in Table S. 6.9 J Respirators for Atmospheres Nor Immediately Dangerous to Ufe or Health. All types of respirators listed in Table 5 may be used in contaminated atmos pheres that contain adequate oxygen and art not im mediately dangerous to life or health. 6.10 Rophatof Protection Factor (PF). Respirators shall be selected according to the characteristics of the hazards involved, the capabilities and limitations of the respirators, and the ability ofeach respirator wearer to ob tain a satisfactory fit with a respirator. Taking into account the capabilities and limitations of respirators and the re* suits of respirator-fitting tesu, a table of respirator protec tion factors has been prepared (see Table 5). A respirator protection factor is a measure of the degree of protection provided by a respirator to a wearer. Multiplying either (1) the permudble time* weighted image concentration or the permindble ceiling concentration, whichem is applicable, for a toxic substance, or (2) the maximum permuribk airborne concentration for a radionuclide by a protec* tion factor assigned to a respirator gives the maximum concentration of the hazardous substance in which the respirator can be used. Limitations of filters, cartridges, and canisters also shall be considered (see Table 5). 6.11 Aespiratew-Fitting Testa. A qualitative or quan titative respirator-fitting test shall be used to determine the ability of each individual respirator wearer to ob tain a satisfactory fit with a neptive-pretsure respira tor. (Tlw National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health recommends that only a program ofquantita tive-fit testing can provide adequate worker protection.) The results of qualitative or quantitative respirator-fitting testa shall be used to select specific types, makes, and models of negative-pressure respirators for use by individ ual respirator wearers. A respirator-fitting test shall be car* tied out for each wearer of a neptive-pressure respirator at least annually. Respirator-fitting tests shall not be re* quired for positive-pressure respirators. Qualitative RapintorFitting Test - A person wearing a respirator is exposed to an irritant snoke, an odorous vapor, or other suitable test agent. An airpurifying respirator must be equipped with an airpurifying elements) which effectively removes the test agent from inspired air. If the respirator wearer is un able to detect penetration of the test apnt into the respirator, the respirator wearer has achieved a satis factory fit with the respirator. (See Appendix A5.) Quantitative Rezptntor'Fittiri Test - A person wean a respirator in a test atmosphere containing a test agent in the form of an aerosol, vapor, or gas. In strumentation, which samples the test atmosphere and the air inside the respiratory-inlet coming of the res pirator, is used to measure quantitatively the penetra tion of the test agent into the respiratory-inlet com ing. (See Appendix A6.) When canying out a qualitative or quantitative respirator-fitting test, the respirator wearer shall carry out a scries of exercises which emulate work mon menu. (Sec Appendix AS and A6). When carrying out respirator-fitting tests, it shall be acceptable procedure to make tha following modifica tions to respirators provided that such modifications do not affect the teal of the respirators to wearers. (1) When carrying out a qualitative or quantitative respirator-fitting test which uses an aerosol as the test 20 RSV 0021447 f Type of Reapbeter Partteutete-flteor, quarter* maak or half-mark facoptacek** Vapor- or tar ramafog, goartw mmk or Nff maik focaplaoa* Gimbbrntlno portkuialt* filter and vapor-organremoving, geoelec meifc or half-mask facopfcoa** PartteuhtofHler, M face piece* Vapor-or gaommovkag, fad facepten Combination parlkobioflltar and vapor- or |ir> removing, full feeepbee* Permitted for Use In OaygenPellcteM Atmosphere No No No No No No Powered pwt|th<*-flliif, en^raijbgioty Intel nw- ttmoMug.sny ii^lmwyMil mwiMM PshM combination parti* cubic-niter and vapor- or pi-rtiMviai, any rcapiralotyIntel co*eilnte***Kl No No No TablcS Rofintw Ptalcclioi Focton* Permitted for Use In hnmediotely-Pengerout-toUfoor-Health Atmosphere* No No No No No No Respirator Protection Factor Qualitative Taal Quantitative Taal 10 maximum of 100. 10, or maximum uae limit of cartridge or canhter for vapor or gas, vMchevet b tern. 10.or maximum me tmlt of cartridge or canhitr fot vapor or gaa, wtdcherei la lam. 100 100, or maximum urn Indt of cartridge or caalater for vapor or gna. wklthavar b tern. 100, or maximum am lorll of cartridge or enabler for vapor or gaa, arkfchtmt b lata. Aa mvseurad on each peeaao vMI maximum of 100, or moxhaum mo mil of oartrldpa or contetar for aupm or gar*^. whichever b lorn. As meaaumd eo each pecem nrtth maximum of 100, or omahumn m mil of carlridge or taMater for vapor or ga^J. wkltbavri b taaa. As maaaumd on each povern ndth maaimum of 100 If dual, fame, m odM fUtaa b mad, or maaimum of 10001 Mgh-vffteleocy nter b mad. Aa mmemad on each petmo vtih maximum of 1000. or mealotma me mil of fnrtrtdga or molsMf for vapor ot gJ'^, Hhbhamr b teaa. Aa measured no each paraon udth omxlmum of 100 If dual, fmno, or mhl flier b used sod maaimum of 1000 If blgteefflcteocr IlHr h < or awbuw hi Hah of carlrtdft m fat afH m uNibmm to No (yet, if escape oro*t> dons are proMtd*| No (yet, If etcape oio*(aiooi are provided*! No (yet. if escape orovlriooi are provided*! N/A N/A No lettt are regebtd due lo poaittee-ptetaare operation of reaptealer. The mnai protection factor la 100 if dost, ferae, or mist fillet la need and 3000 If high-eftkkoey Oiler It naed. N/A N/A , No tertr era reqMrod doe to podthe preaaore operotIon of mpfcoler. IN Oadnan protection factor la 3000, or maalmwn oaa hnil of cartridge or antetet for *epor or geiM. whkhevet la teat. N/A N/A No tcrli are raqubed duo to potllle-pretaure operation of inphiiM. The Miloao protoctlon factor la 100 If dual. fume, or mill filter la wed and 3000 If higbofflcfeacy tiller It mod, or maximum use Nmll of cartridge or canister for vapor or in*1*. eMctero la teat. AMEJUCAN NATIONAL CTANDAAD U lJ - lf lO RSV 0021448 m AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z J I.M M O RSV 0021449 IINilW AlMUMI M*fW Pl M)l MffIM *0| 0MJ* (KKB) ipnaf |l o|*s aivaapiatiitoo jo i0|| W| fO|Jftf>l |Q MR M|l e pull i*l 'huN <|>m we pajeaaaut ay -nn|U <mQ|) W1 M nwN> 4|it ipi ! e|i H iian|wtim jo no|i uimwm ay Miuftfni ^i|M|to| paima^'aouN ywaaa ywnniy 001 01 , <ina> nmm m |pw^ oqi eim aieaayaaayM JO teeyi uime ay iaii|*u M|) je aee M|i e| pepm eyioiwi ipn pawwaw ay 01 00001*1 J wefiee) -eai IU `aoiaiydeaj jo wofitaado aaawaNmipel a) enp yaaplai aa apaai oh WN V/H laanea (filQI 10|w*aj|H-*owlaap<|amptMH R|i eqaq (ieae|at*iao3 je aeepanewna w| aoiaaydaai m|| je tm e(i e) peiytayi a| loiatydut m|| Aq papyAoid io) oaj aayteeiead aiu `teiuydaei jo eoypaiado aiWMtd-M|i|iod ei mp pai|*bu *n t|ii on v/n v/n 00001 M WJ*|i*e| eai mu. 'Miufiwi je eoyiuado iMeid-a[iyiod oi wp paipbat eaa im) ap| /N V/N TM)1> (Hiai) W*| IB ijjena>wip-l)Ptnpaanm M|| *op| nuat^wrei eoe jewoyiuieaoeao M toiajfdaej m|| je Me oi pe)|uan *1 (oiarpdtai eqi papyaoid aei Mj aqu|Md mu 'wnMnijo eoyiuado atnmiie*|ipaed e| tap paipbai M aiaei opj V/N V/N (man WM 11 aeoMfcwp 4yeiaypaai ay ep *oy*q aiwwqaatieea jo iuoyi neaoeee ey nhi|4ni mii jo nn M|i oi paiMII `mijN ipn ae paeme ly qq| IMM iiHt-wewNipXpiupte -M M|! m%*q t|H|ei|ia JO awef) eaieeiBHO ay lenyiai m|| je an an oi ji|1 n0 `mwN yea ae pieiaaa ay pi i MtMitiaeeC) A Miiaaiiaet) aemj ao|pi|oij loiuydiaii ( nra|ltJA llMtMl M|W pw aum m|i aoj pwa N j)at|daij|aa4>oN N N A N A N N N jiM|daoaiiv HI|*H-a*jn .ei>aeoifin0-4||a|PMOu| 1 M|| aoj panyuiaij iUO)Nj Mtp*|ii aoiuptoy (peneiiaoo) $ wj. ('aeoytuado aa|wi pwa iiuoi aayia ioj pen 1 ao|ea|iaei j| ,A ,A adutap mow Inadywoe to e^dpi) R*jal|*:>if>paaeped4| IMIltlj-UftrtM IO eado td4ipataaj'aa|iiN da tanieuq ya^neoa-jps ,narfawj yiw-jiy ao yea lapatit 'Heaip-piaep ad4| -ajaaaatd |>dta to tyaoip wade ad4p-paawiay aM|Bid da fmiauq paayaiooo jyag jWA *A /A l"A /A ieoi|if JO yiye 'ym aeoy| .opyaetd edeae yiy* * jo 'pomy |awaa `oyi-cpooeyiaoe *aw-iyy ntoytyotd odasaa teoqii* ' e 'pOoq *)MB|a<| '*U aeooeyieoo 'awp-iiy ,,aooyay*oad dasaa qai* `aeoydaoaj laa `adiy paaiwap anettid e Moyj-anoatiyiaee 'aap-afy itaoppoN tdne iaoi|t|a `aoeydaooj 4ut a*d4i pamepuiHiaij io eoy-iMaapwQ 'N)pi|y l"A l**A isydaowiy leapyjaQ wf40 M1 Mf) aoj peu|ieuy| ,nap|toi4 tdo ae |aet|i| to i|i|# ayd aetj nj 'paauiay`awn-iyy r,nacyped eden inoi|i|e ao yi| `eyd ) fa-IW P yaaaa laiiwta `peaatap 'eap-ayy toiaipda** je ed4x Mf<wrtired breathing ap> ^nlH, ftwan^Mwal* type upoa tin^l M pwWIw pie--n lf cfaw< drwN, ^irttHMekwWr--k facepiece, M fRifbce, Of mwilliplici/MW dafc CwMmiIdm inpliHen 1 H--d. yt* V0 N/A M/A Ho teete t n^eliH 4m to MriiKe pmwtt epenliea of ioflnl. The imiImwi pto ledtoo ftctof b 10 000 pbe.* The ijrpe m4 mode of operation lovfag the loweel teepltaior protecttoo factor rial ba appiaO to the i--bloottoo mptrator. N/A a--aa oot applicable ab-- reapiretor-fltliNg teal b oot carried oot. *A napbatov protaitba factor b a miaaw of lb degree of ptotectloii provided by mpbilaf to a rerpintor wearer. Multiplytag the penolulbb tboe weighted rongt uueteetrettoa or Ihepiiolrrfhlr cottbg coocaetratloo, whichever b appttcabb. for a loate rebalance, or iha waetrwui peimbaiWe abbotoa caoceotraltoo for a wdbneJdr. by a protecttoo factor aatpoM to a --ptralor gbas tba ntaihn-- cooccotraitM of the hanrdeo* rebalance for which tba roaptrator cm bo tread. UodleHona of flHeta. cartrtdgee, and caabtett weed be ebpertfybg leaybilm abl be wdderrd to deienotabg protecttoo fedon. Ho-- the re^heiot b aaad for protection agabat ebboroe pwttcwbte --tier having a panalwlbb tboe-weighted a--a caocaotrattoo bee tboo O.0S Mtltgren partMaia MMr pat coble --tar or abort-- iba ] relllon partidea per coble foot of ab.or for protection egataat akboma tadlooodtde pertkcoble matter, the tcapbatoa ahaM be agalppad with a bgbefflriraty IWarfe). *lf tba ab o--total)--t caa-- eye krttalkoo, (ha waver of a reepbelor egtripped wtth a goartet nark or half-rood facepiece or --ibpbca aad mm tbop dal ba penaluod to -- a protaetbo --b or to -- a reepbelor egolppad aritk o faB feuepbea. *U iba pooaiad eb-portfylog reepbelor b agalppad wtth a freipbte. the eecepe provision --aas that the wearer b able lo breathe lbough the filter, cartridge, or erebter aad throw^ tba pap If tba powered ab-purifying --pbator b ogolpped with a hrbod, hood.or reH, the eecapo prorbtoo aha! ba ea aaiilUry eetf contained reppty of tupkaltc ab. *fba eecapa ptorWaa dal bo aa ooaWary ratf-caatalaad eopply of rerpbabb air. 'FordeffaKloo of "oaygen deficiency - aol laiaredhtcly daagetoai to ire or health**-- Section 1. For deftalitoa of Moayg*a deftcieocy - horaodbicfr dengeraae to life or health'* -- Stctkm 2 aad AI0. *The protection factor --rearat oacaede the Brett of aaoeMMly of Iha t-- apperelor. Therefore, the reepbelor baa beea d--Med for -- far at--tpheiee having uakaeare ceocaalretionr of coal--loeate. hire aeretce Bfe of vapor- or gaaraa*odn cartridge or caabter depends aa the tpedfle vapor or gee. the coo--(lea of tba vapor ot geetaafa.lha taaiparetore aad badly rf tba ab, tba t ypa aad guanilty of the torboat la the cartridge or caabtcr. aad the activity of the reepirator wearer. Cartridge* aad caabler* --y provide oaly vary abort --rice I-- fae ear* lab vapor* and gear*. Vapor/gae --vice life teeth* b teco--aded to Man that cartridge* aad caalocn provide adeguete wrvlca five*. Ref--ace iha eld ha ad lo polBdod wporti which gbe vepor/gee life data fot cartridge* and caabtcr*. Hapot* aad gar r--gvfc* respbalor* are aet approved for coni--leant. that bek edegeote warabg paopntle* of odor, briUttoe, or trete at coacaotretbar b ab at Of above Iba pat' mbilbfc cap-- Brail*. NOTE: Rrrpbetor protaetbo faefon for ab*orlfylag-trpc reephalon equipped with a mootfipbee/noee cbaip form ofreapbatory-bbl covering are not gtrea. rbcomcb taphUwa arc approved only for eecapa porpoeti. AMERICA)/ NATIONAL STANDAAD 2114-1910 JJ < oo ro c-hn o AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ZJSJ-IMO agent, It shall be acceptable procedure to aqtdp an air* purifying respirator with a high-effldency fihes. (2) When carrying out a qualitative or quantitative respirator-fitting teat which wee a vapor or gas as the test agent. It shall be acceptable procedure to equip an air-purifying respirator with an appropriate cartridge or canister which removes the vapor or gai from air. (3) When carrying out a quantitative respiratorfitting test, it shall be acceptable procedure to attaeh a sampling probe to the respirator which is connected by flexible tubing to an instrument which measure* the penetration of the test agent into the respirator. When carrying out quantitative respirator-fitting tests, it thill be an acceptable procedure to any out a single ten for each available make and model of .. respirator in order to select a respirator for use by a person. However, three additional quantitative respira tor-fitting tests involving the wearing of the selected make and model of respirator by the person shall be earned out to determine a protection factor for that particular respirator and person. The lowest protec tion factor determined by these three tests shall be as signed to a particular person wearing a specific make and model of respirator. If a qualitative respirator-fitting test has been used in respirator selection, a person shall be allowed to use only the specific makefs) and model(s) of respirators) for.which the person obtained a satisfactory fit, and the respirator protection factor listed under "qualita tive test" In Table 5 shall apply. Under no circum stances shall a person be allowed to use any respirator if the results of the qualitatire respirator-fitting test indicates that the person is unable to obtain a satisfac tory fit. If a quantitatira respirator-fitting test has been used in selecting a respirator, the test results shall be wed to assign a respirator protection factor to each person for each specific make and model of respirator tested. The assigned respirator protection factor shall be applied when the person wean the specific respirator la a hazardous atmosphere, but It shall not exceed the respirator protection factor listed under "quantitative test" in Table 5 for the particular type of respirator. 6.12 Respirator-FIrttaf-Tat Records. Records of respirator-fitting tests shall be kept for at least the duration of employment. These records lhafl include the foDowing information: (1) Type of respirator-fitting test used (2) Specific make and model of respirator tested (3) Name of person tested (4) Name of test Operator (5) Date of test (6) Results of respirator-fitting tests 24 (a) Success or failure of person to obtain satisfactory fit if a qualitative respiretor-fitting test was carried out (b) Respirator protection factor baaed upon test results If a quantitative respiretor-fitting test was carried out 4.13 Rsqhtsr Protection Factor iMpnini. When a group of persons wear respinton m a given work area, a tingle respirator protection factor shall be asigned to all respirator wearen In the group. When negative-pressure respirators are being used, this respira tor protection factor shall correspond to the lowest value established by qualitative or quantitative respira tor-fitting teats for any person of the group with the specific make and modd of respirator which that per son wiD wear In the given work area. 6.14 Face Diuiauduus tad Facepiece Sizes. The wide range of face dimensions requires more than a single size of respirator facepiece to provide a proper fit to aO respirator users. Therefore, respirator facepieces of more than one aze shall be available In any respirator- selection program involving respinton equipped with facepieces. 6.15 Employee Acceptance. Employee acceptance of a particular respirator model within a das shall be considered in sleeting a respirator since this may determine whether or not he wean the respirator prop erly. Acceptance factors to be considered include dis comfort, breathing resistance, weight, and interference with vision or the work to be performed. If the results of respirator-fitting tests show that the person can ob tain an acceptable fit with two or more respirator models of the selected das of respirator, then the per son should be permitted to use the respirator model which he or she prefen. 7. Use of Respinton 7.1 Standard Opmtag Procedures. Written standard operating procedures shall cow a complete respirator program (see 3.5.1) and shall Include information necessary for the proper use of respiraton, including training of respirator wearen, respirator sealing tests, issuance of respinton, inspection of respinton prior to use, monitoring respirator use, monitoring respira tory hazard, and planning for routine,nonroutine, emergency, and rescue uses of respinton. The written standard operating procedures shall indudt plans nacemry to ensure the safe routine use and nonroutiM use of respirators. Emergency and res cue uses of respinton shall be anticipated, and the writ- RSV 0021451 m gundard opentins procedures tfiiD indude plans Moaoary to ensure the safe emergency end reecue uses of reepinton. ftnom who wear respirators routinely, who wear rrepireten nonroutinely, and who may be required to wear respirators for emergency and rescue work shall be given adequate information concerning plan covering theac respirator uacs to ensure the ttf uae of respirators. 7.1.1 jfihiil Operating rmraiTima fie finer pacy and Rmew Uae of Rogbiten. It U recognized that It is not poenble to foresee every emergency and rescue ure of reapimon for every kind of operation. Neverthdes, a wide variety of poedbk conditions requiring the emergency or rescue uae of respirators can be envisomd and an adequate emergency and rescue reapirator-response apsbfllty can be achieved throi^h a aenous effort to anticipate the worn poaMbJe conaequences of particular malfunction! or mil* hapi. The written standard operating procedures gown ing the emergency and rescue uses of respinion shall be developed in the foDowfag manner: (1) An analysis of the emergency and rescue uses of respirators that may occur in each operation shall be made by careful consideration of materials, equipment, processes, and personnel involved. Such an analysis dial! be reviewed by the person who is thoroughly familiar with the particular operation. Consideration shall be given to past occurrences requiring emergency or rescue uses of resptraton as wed as conditions which resulted in such respirator applications. The possible consequences of equipment or power failures, uncon trolled chemical reactions, fire, explosion, or human error tiiall be given consideration. AD potential hazards which may result in emergency or rescue use of respira tors shall be listed. (2) Based upon the analysis, appropriate types of respirston shall be selected, an adequate number rftaO be provided for each area where they may be needed for emergency or rescue use, and these respirators shall be maintained and stored so that they art readily accessible and operational when needed. 7.2 Tndnhig. The supervisor, the person issuing respira tors, and the respirator wearers shall be given adequate training by a qualified peron(i) to ensure the proper uee of respirators. Written records shall be kept of the names of persons trained and the dates when training occurred. 7.2.1 Tmttag of Supervfaor. A supervisor - that is, a person who has the responsibility of overseeing the work activities of one or more persons who must wear respirators - ahaO be given adequate training to ensure the proper uae of respirators. Supervisor training shall AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD UUDSO include but shall not necenarfly be limited to the fol lowing subjects: (1) The basic respiratory-protection practices (see Section 2) (2) The nature and extent of respiratory hazards to which persons under his supcprison may be exposed (see Section 4 and 6.4 and 7.8) (3) The principles and criteria of selecting respirators (see Sections S and 6) (4) The training of respirator wearers (see 7.2 J) (5) The tauance of respirators (see 7.2.2 and 7J) (6) The inspection of respirston (sec 7.6 and 8 J) (7) The use of respirston, including monitoring of use (sec 7J, 7A, 7.7,7J. 13. and 9.) (8) The maintenance and storage of respirston (sec Section 8) (9) The regulations concerning respirator use 7.2.2 Training of Penoa faming Respirators. A per son assigned the task of fasulng resptraton to persons who must wear respirators for protection against harmful atmospheres shaD be given adequate training to ensure that the correct respirator is issued for eaeh application in accordance with written standard op erating procedures. (See 7.5.) 722 Traintaj ofRcipfaetoeWearer. To ensure the prop er and safe uae ofa respirator, the minimum training of each respirator wearer shall include the following elements: (1) The reasons for the need of respiratory protec tion (see 3.2) (2) The nature, extent, and effects of respiratory hazards to which the person may be exposed (see Section 4 and 6 J) (3) An explanation of why engineering controls are not being applied or are not adequate and of what ef fort is being made to reduce or eliminate the need for respirators (see 3 J) (4) An explanation of why a particular type of respirator has been selected for a specific respiratory hazard (sec Section 6) (5) An explanation of the operation, and the capabil ities and limitations, of the respirator selected (see Sec tion 5 and 6S and 6.6) (6) Instruction in inspecting, donning, checking the fit of, and wearing the respirator (see 7.2.3.1(1) and (2) and 7.4 and IS) (7) An opportunity for each respirator wearer to handle the respirator, learn how to don and wear it properly, check its seals, wear it in a safe atmosphere, and wear it in a test atmosphere (see 723.1(3) and (4) and 7.4 and 7.6) (8) An explanation of how maintenance and storage of the respirator is carried out (see Section 8) (9) instructions in how to recognize and cope with emergency situations (sae 7.1.1) 25 RSV 0021452 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ZU.M9I0 (10) Instructions as needed for spedal respirator uas (sae Section 9) (11) Regulation! concerning respirator use 7.2J.1 Wearing laitmitiui mad Training- Wear* in| instructions and training, including practice demon* strations, shall be given to each respirator wearer and shall com: (1) Donning, wearing, and removing the respirator (2) Adjusting the respirator so that its respiratory* inlet covering is properly fitted oo the wearer and so that the respirator causes a minimum of discomfort to the wearer (3) Allowing the respirator wearer to wear the res* pirator in a safe atmosphere for an adequate period of time to ensure that the wearer is familiar with the op* entionaj characteristics of the respirator (4) Providing the respirator wearer an opportunity to wear the respirator in a test atmosphere to demon strate that the respirator provides protection to the wearer. A test atmosphere is any atmosphere is which the wearer can cany out activities simulating work movements and respirator leakage or respirator mal function ean be detected by the wearer. 7.2 J.2 Retraining. Each respirator wearer shaD be retrained at least annually. 73 Respirator Sealing Problems. Respirators shall not be worn when conditions prevent a seal of the respira tor to the wearer. 7.3.1 A person who has hair (stubble, moustache, sideburns, beard, low hairline, bangs) which passes be tween the face and the sealing surface of the facepiece of the respirator shall not be permitted to wear such a respirator. 7.3.2 A person who has hair (moustache, beard) which interferes with the function of a respirator vaJvc(s) shall not be permitted to wear the respirator. 7JJ A spectacle which has temple ban or straps which pass between the sealing surface of a respirator full facepiece and the wearer's face shall not be used. 7J.4 A head covering which pane* between the sealing surface of a respirator facepiece and the wearer's fate shall not be used. 7J.5 The wearing of a spectacle, a goggle,! face shield, a welding helmet, or other eye and face pro tective device which interferes with the seal of a respirator to the wearer shall not be allowed. 7J.d If sears, hoDow temples, exenrively protrud ing cheekbones, deep creases in Tidal skin, the ab sence of teeth or dentures, or unusual facial configu rations prevent a seal of a respirator facepiece to a wearer's face, the person shall not be permitted to wear the respirator. 7J.7 If missing teeth or dentures prevent a seal of 24 a respirator mouthpiece in a peraon'i mouth, the per son shaD not be allowed to wear a respirator equipped with a mouthpiece. 7JM If a person has a note of a shape or slat which prevents the dosing of the note by the note damp of a mouthpiece/noee-damp type of respirator, the per son shall not be permitted to wear this type of respirator. 7.4 Reepirator Sealing Tests. To ensure proper protec tion, the wearer of a respirator equipped with a face piece shall check the seal of the facepiece prior to each entry into hazardous atmosphere. This may be done using procedures recommended by respirator manu facturers or by any of the Add tests described in Ap pendix A7. 7J beuarr of Respirators. The proper respirator ahaO be apedfled for each application and shall be listed in the written standard operating procedures. If a respira tor is marked for the worker to whom it is assigned or for other identification purposes, the markings shall not affect the respirator performance In any way. 7.4 Respirator Inspection Prior to Vm. Each person issued a respirator for routine, nonroutine, emergency, or rescue use shaD inspect the respirator prior to its use to ensure that it is in good operating condition. 7.7 Monitoring Respirator Use. The use of respirators on a routiik r nonroutine basis shall be monitored to ensure that il.t correct respirators are being used, that the respirators are being worn properly and that the respirators being used are in good working condition. 7.$ Monitoring Respiratory Hazard During Use. The level of the respiratory hazard in the workplace to which a person wearing a respirator is exposed shall be monitored periodically. The time-weighted average concentration of the respiratory hazard shall be deter mined to ensure that the proper type of respirator is being utilized (see Appendix AS). 7.9 Leaving s Hazardous Area. A respirator wearer shall be permitted to leave the hazardous area for any respirator-related cause. Reasons which may cause a respirator wearer to leave a hazardous area include, but are not limited to, the following: (J ) Failure of the respirator to provide adequate protection (2) Malfunction of the respirator (3) Detection of leakage of air contaminant into the respirator (4) Increase in resistance of respirator to breathing (5) Severe discomfort in wearing the respirator (6) IDnets of respirator wearer, including: sensation of dizziness, nausea, eneaknere, breathing difficulty, coughing, meezing, vomiting, fever, and chiOi RSV 0021453 8. Maintenance of Rspinton f.1 ffmwl A program for the maintenance of raeptn* tort ahaD Indude the following: (1) Cleaning and sanhiang (2) Inspection for defecu (3) Repair (4) Storage Eadi respirator shall be properly maintained to retain its original shape and effectiveness. 8.2 flraning and Sanitizing. Each respirator ahaD be cleaned and sanitized to ensure that the respirator wear* er b provided with a dean and sanitized respirator at all times. A respirator inued for other than continuous personal use by i particular worker, such as with routine, nonroutine, emergency, or rescue use, shall he cleaned and sanitized after each use. 13 Inspection. Eech respirator shall be inspected roufinely before and after use. A respirator shall be in* spccted by the user immediately prior to each use to ensure that it is in proper working condition. After cleaning and sanitizing, each respirator shall be inspected to determine if it is in proper working condition, if it needs replacement of parts or repain, or if it should be discarded. Eech respirator stored for emergency or rescue use shall be inspected at least monthly. Respirator inspection shall include s check for tightness of connections; for the condition of the respiratory-inJet covering, head harness, valves, con* neeting tubes, harness assemblies, niters, cartridges, anisten, end-of-service-life indicator, and shelf life date(i);and for the proper function of regulators, alarms, and other warning systems. Each rubber or other elastomeric pan shall be in spected for pliability and signs of deterioration. Each air and oxygen cylinder shiO be inspected to ensure that it is fully charged according to the manufacturers instructions. A record of inspection dates, findings, and remedial actions shall be kept for each respirator maintained for emergency or rescue use. 8.4 Pari Replacement and Repair. Replacement of parts or repairs shall be done only by persons trained in proper respirator assembly and correction of pos* able respirator malfunctions and defecu. Replace ment pens shall be only those designed for the sped5c respirator being repaired. Reducing or admission vilvet, regulators, and alarms shall be returned to the minu* factum or to s trained technician for repair or adjust ment. Instrumentation for valve, regulator, and alarm adjustments and tests must be approved by the vahe, regulator, or alarm manufacturer. AMERICAN NATIONAL fTANDARD ZIIMflO 83 Stonge. Respirators shall be stored In a manner that wffl protect them against dust, sunlight,heat, ex treme cold, ezccatin moisture, or damaging chemicals. Respirators shall be stored to prevent distortion of rubber or other elastomeric parts. Respirators thaD not be stored in such places as lockers arid tool boxes unless they are protected from contamination, distor tion, and damage. Emergency and rescue-use respira tors that are placed in work areas shall be quickly ac cessible at all ttones, and the storage cabinet or con tainer in which they art stored shall be dearly marked. 9. Special Pioblcma 9.1 VWce. When a respirator user must wear correc tive lenses, a protective spectacle or goggle, a face shield, s welding helmet,or other eye and face protec tive device, the item dull be fitted to provide good vision and shall be wore in such a manner as not to interfere with the seal of the respirator to the wearer. Temple ban or straps of a corrective spectade which pass between the sealing surface of a respirator fuD facepiece and the respirator wearer's face may prevent a good seal of the facepiece to the face and therefore such a spectade shall not be used when s respirator equipped with a fuD facepiece must be worn. As s temporary measure,! corrective spectacle with short temple ban that do not protrode between the sealing surface of a fuD facepiece and the respira tor wearer's face may be taped to the respirator wearer's head. Special conectiv* lenses which are made to be mounted inside a fuD facepiece are available and should be used by a person who needs corrective lenses. The wearing of contact lenses by persons who must wear a respirator equipped with a full facepiece, helmet, hood, or suit shall not be permitted. 93 Communications. Speech transmission while wear ing a respirator is often necessary to perform specific tasks. Although respirator facepiece distorts the human voice to some extent, the respirator's exhala tion valve usually provides a pathway for some speech transmission over short distances in relattoly quiet areas. However, talking while wearing a respirator equipped with s facepiece may adversely affect the sol of the facepiece, etpeciaDy a quarter-mask or half-mask facepiece, to the wearer's face. A mechanical speech-transmittton device, caDed a speaking diaphragm, is an integral part of the facepiece In some respirators. It usually consists of a resonant cavity and diaphragm which transmit sound. The diaphragm also acts as a barrier to the ambient atmos* 27 RSV 0021454 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ZII.3-19M phm and thus should be handled carefully to prevent poBible puncture which would permit leakage of as air conuminani Into the respirator. Various methods of electronically transmitting and amplifying speech through the mpirator are available. Dime utilise microphone connected to a speaker, telephone,Of radio transmitter. Usually, the microphone if mounted inside the respiratory-inlet covering, while the ampli fier, power peek, and speaker or transmitter are at tached to the exterior of the respiratory-inlet covering, carried on the body, or remotely located. Respira tors with electronic speech-transmiarion devices having a battery power supply should be used with eautlon in explosive atmospheres. When sn electronic speechtransmission device is used in underground mining, it shall be certified as complying with the Mine Safety _ and Health Administration's requirements for permis sibility and intrinsic safety which are set forth in a document entitled Electric Motor-Driven Mine Equip ment and Accessories, Cod* of Federal Rtpilations, Part J 8, Chapter I, Subchapter D, Title 30 (formerly Bureau of Mines Schedule 2G). Sealed power sources shall be checked for integrity of the seals. Connecting cables from microphones inside the respiratory-inlet covering shaD have gas-tight seals where they pass through the covering. When the speaker diaphragm is part of the barrier between the respirator wearer and the ambient atmosphere, it shall be frequently in spected for leakage and should be adequately protected from puncture or rupture. A microphone mounted on the respirator wearer's throat or head or i microphone/ speaker worn in the respirator wearer's ear does not re quire penetration of a respirator facepiece by a cable. 93 Use of Respirators for Entry into Atmospheres Im mediately DmgenMo to Life or Health. When respira tors are required for entry into atmospheres immedi ately dangerous to life or health, at least one standby person shall be present in a safe area. The standby per son shall have the proper equipment available to assist the respirator wearers in ease of emergency. Communi cations (visual, voice, signal-line, telephone, radio, or other suitable means) shall be maintained between the standby person and the respirator wearers. Respirator wearen in atmospheres immediately dangerous to life or health shall be equipped with safety harnesses and safety lines to permit them to be removed from the dangerous atmospheres to safe areas, if necessary; otherwise, equivalent provisions for the rescue of the respirator wearen from the dangerous atmospheres shall be used. 9.4 Respirator Use ia Confined Specas. All confined spaces shall be considered to be immediately dangerous 28 to Ufc or health unless proven otherwise. Before a person Is allowed to enter a confined space, tern shall be carried out to determine the concentration of any known or expected flammable or toxic conuminani present and to determine the concentration of oxygen. A person shall not be allowed to enter a confined space without wearing the proper type of respirator. Even if she concentrations of air contaminants in a confined space are found to be below the esubtiihed limits and sufficient oxygen is present (sea ''Oxygen Deficiency" in Table !), the safest procedure is to continuously ventilate the enclosed space and to continuously moni tor the concentration of air contaminants and of oxy gen if persons are to work in the confined space. An airpurifying respirator may be worn by a per son in a confined apace only if tests show that the atmosphere is not legally oxygen deficient (see Table 1 for minimum legal oxygen requirement) and only if tests show that the concentrations of air contaminants are not immediately dangerous to life or health. While a person is wearing in air-purifying respirator in a con fined space, the level of respiratory hazards in the atmosphere of the confined space shall be monitored. An air-line-type or hose-mask-type supplied-eir respirator may be worn by a person in a confined space only if tests show that the atmosphere b not deficient in oxygen to a degree that would be immediately dangerous to Ufe or health (see definitions in Section 2 for "oxygen deficiency - immediately dangerous to life or health" and "oxygen deficiency - not immedi ately dangerous to life or health") and only if tesu show that concentrations of air contaminants are not immediately dangerous to life or health. While e person is wearing an air-line-type or hose-mask-type suppliedair respirator in a confined space, the level of respira tory hoards in the atmosphere of the confined space shall be monitored. When the results of monitoring the atmosphere in a confined space, prior to entry of a person into the specs, shows that the atmosphere is immediately dangerous to Ufe or health (oxygen deficient or exces sive conceniration(s) of a contaminant(s) including concentretion(s) of a substance(s) above the lower flam mable limits], then a person who is required to enter the confined space shall wear either a positive-pressure self-contained breathing apparatus or a combination positive-pressure-air-line respirator with an auxiliary self-contained air supply. An oxygen-type open-circuit sdf-conuined breathing apparatus shall not be wont in a confined space where the poabUity of fire or ex plosion hazard is increased. When respirators an used in a confined space, the provisions for a standby person given in 9 J shall be carried out. RSV 0021455 9.5 Kf hui Dm k Uw-Tapwlirt hHiwwiR. A lowAmpenture environment may cause foxing of tte leas la a rwrptratoryHaiti covering and freezing or improper sealing.or both.of tha exhalation vilw. Coating the inside surface of the lens may prevent fogging at low atmospheric temperatures approaching 0*C (32*F), but seme fogging of the lens may occur at temperatures below -1S*C (0*F). FuD facepieces are available with nose cupe that direct the warm and mokt exhaled air through the exhalation valve without contacting the lens, and these facepieces dtould provide satisfactory vision at temperatures as low as -32*C (-25*F)- At very low atmospheric temperatures, tha exhalation valve of a respirator may freeze open or doeed due to the presence of moisture. Dry respirable air should be used with an air-tine respirator and with the type of seJf<eetained breathing apparatus that employs a cylinder of air when these devices art used in a lowAemperature atmosphere. The dew point of this breathing air diouid be appropriate to the tempera* ture of the atmospheric air. High-pressure connections on self-contained breathing apparatus may leak because of metal contraction at low atmospheric temperature. These connections should not be overtightened.since they may break when the apparatus is returned to an atmosphere at normal room temperature. Some air* line-type suppled-air respirators may be equipped with a device eaSeid a vortex tube to warm the air supplied to'the respirator-inlet covering of the respirator. Enter* gencymse respirators that are stored in low-temperature environments may require special elastomeric com* pooents that will retain their elasticity at low tempera* ttires (regulator diaphragms, gaskets, and breathing tubes). Facepieces stored in low-temperature environ ment! can become stiff and distorted to a degree that may prevent an adequate seal of the face to the facepiece. Spedal care shall be used to prevent distortion of facepieces stored at low temperatures. Some selfcontained-breathing-apparatus models have coldtemperature accessories that may be utilised to help overcome these problems. The manufacturer's Instruc tions shall be followed when utilizing these coldtrmpenture aceeswries. 9.5 Rapkitor Ik in High-Tanperaturt Environ* Mali. A person working in an atmosphere having a Ugh temperature is under stress. Wearing a respirator in such an environment applies additional stress on the person. The additional stress due to the wearing of a respirator in a higMempenture environment should be minimized by ining a respirator having a low weight and offering a low refinance to breathing. The air-linetype ruppiied-aii respirator la recommended for use in a high-temperature environment. Air-tine4ype supplied- AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ZZI.2-19M air respirators equipped with a vortex tube to cool the air supplied to the respiratory-inlet covering wiS sub stantially reduce the temperature of the air supplied to the respirator. Elastomeric components of respira tors stored in high-temperature environments may deteriorate at an accelerated rate and the facepiece may become permanently distorted. Special care shall be used to prevent facepiece distortion. AD such respira tors shaD be inspected snd maintained at a frequency rate that wfll prerant the use of respirators with de teriorated elastomeric components. 10. Evaluation of Respirator Program Effectiveness 10.1 General. Periodic evaluation of the effectiveness of the respirator program it essential to ensure that persons arc being provided with adequate respiratory protection. Improvement of the program and elimina tion of any defidendes in the program cannot be carried out unless the program is appraised for effec tiveness si periodic intervals. The effectiveness of the respirator program shall be evaluated at least annuaDy and corrective action shall be taken to comet defects found la the program. 10.2 Wearer Acceptance. Wearer acceptance of respira tors is an important matter to consider in evaluating the effectiveness of the respirator program. Respirator wearers shall be consulted periodically about their acceptance of wearing respiral on. Numerous factors affect the acceptance of respinton. These facton in clude: comfort, resistance to breathing,fatigue,inter ference with vision, interference with communications, restriction of movement, interference with job per formance, and confidence in the effectiveness of the respirator to provide adequate protection. 10.3 Irapccdoo of Respirator Program Operation. Frequent inspection of the operation of the respirator program shall be eondueted to ensure that proper types of respirators are selected, that respirator wearers are trained properly, that the correct respirators are is sued snd used,that respinton ire worn properly, that respiraton being used are in good operating condition, that respiraton are inspected and maintained properly, that respirator storage b satisfactory, that respiratory hazards are monitored, and that medical and, when necessary, biomay surveillance of respirator wearen b carried out. 10A Appnhal of Protection Afforded. Medical and. when necessary, biomay surveillance of respirator wearart shall be conducted periodically to determine 29 RSV 0021456 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ZMJ-1980 if respirator wearers an being provided with adequate reiplratory protection. These data, when considered with the results of monitoring respiratory haarda, can serve as an Indication of the degree of protection pro vided by the respiraton and the effectiveness of the respirator program. 10.5 Evaluation. The results of investigating wearer acceptance of respirators, inspecting respirator program operation, and appraising protection provided by respiraton shall be utilised to evaluate the effective ness of the respirator program. Evidence of excessive exposure of respirator wearers to respiratory hazards shall be followed up by investiption to determine why inadequate respiratory protection was provided. Ac tion shall be taken to correct any defects found in the respirator program. The findings of the respirator-program evaluation shall be documented, and this documen tation shall Hat plans to comet faults in the program and target dates for the implementation of the plana. 11. References to Other Standards, Regulations, and Manuals 11.1 American National Standards Institute. When any of the following American National Standards is super seded by a revision approved by the American National Standards Institute, Inc, the revision shall apply. (1) American National Standard Identification of Air-Purifying Respirator Canisters and Cartridges, ANSI K13.1-1973 (2) American National Standard Method of Marking Portable Compressed Gas Containers to Identify the Material Contained, ANSJ/CCA C-4-1954 (RJ971) (3) American National Standard Commodity Speci fication for Air. ANSI/CCA G-7.1 -1973 (4) American National Standard Practice for Occu pational and Educational Eye end Face Protection, ANSI Z87.1-1979 11.2 American Industrial Hygiene Association and American Conference of Governmental Induatrial Hygienists Respiratory Protective Devices Manual, 1963. 11J Cempiueed Gas Association (1) Compressed Air for Human Respiration,Pamph let G-7,1976. (2) Commodity Spedfication for Air, G-7.1,1973. 11.4 National Fire Protection Association (l) Respiratory Protective Equipment /or Fire Fighter*. NFPA 19B.1971. (2) Brmthing App&erus for the Fire Service. A Fire Officer'* Guide. FSP-291,197S. 11.5 Unhenity of California, Lot Alamos Scientific Laboratory (1) Energy Research and Development Administra tion, Division of Safety, Standards and Compliance, Respirator Manual, LA437044, August 1976. (2) A Guide to Industrial Respiratory Protection. LA-667144. March 1977. 11.6 US. Department of the Interior, Bureau of MhMf (1) Schedule I3E, Self-Contained Breathing Appara tus, Code ofFederal Regulations, Part 11, Chapter 1, Subchapter B,Title 30. (2) Schedule 14F,Gas Masks. Code ofFederal Regulenons, Part 13,Chapter 1, Subchapter B,Title 30. (3) Schedule 19B, Supplied-Air Respirator, Code of Federal Regulations. Pen 14, Chapter 1, Subchapter B, Title 30. (4) Schedule 21B, Filter-Type Dust, Fume and Mist Respirators, Codt ofFederal Regulations, Part 14, Chapter 1, Subchapter B, Title 30. (5) Schedule 23B, Nonemergency Gas Respirators (Chemical Cartridge Respiraton), Code ofFederal Regulations. Part 14a, Chapter 1, Subchapter B, Title 30. (6) Respiratory Protective Devices; Tests for Per missibility; Fees, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 11, Chapter 1, Subchapter B, Title 30. (7) Information Circular 8559, Respirators Approved by the Bureau of Mines as of May 24,1972. 11.7 U.S. Department of Health. Education, and Wel fare. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health NIOSH Certified Personal Protective Equipment (Feb ruary 1974 and supplements published periodically). 11.8 VS. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Admismtration Electric Motor-Driven Mine Equipment and Acces sories, Code ofFederal Refutations, Part 18,Chapter 1. Subchapter D, Title 30 (formerly Bureau of Mines Schedule 2G). 11.9 U.5. Department of labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration General Industry Safety and Health Standards. Part 1910,Title 29, Code ofFederal Regulations. Subpart Z - Toxic and Hazardous Substances. 30 RSV 0021457 It.10 U.S. Department of TnMportatioa.lBtetvtate CoaflMict ComaMoa CddtofFvImJRtgulMtiont, Tliit 49, f*tx 173,Genml Requirements for Shipments and Packaging), and Pan 178, Shipping Container Specifications. 11.11 Ui. Nachar Vifubiory CoomWn, OfRe* f Standards Deployment Manual of Respiratory Protection Against Airborne Radioactive Materials, KUREGO04], October 1976. 11.13 General Stnieo Admtaamatioo (1) Federal Specification BB-A-1034* (June 21, I960). Air, Compressed for Breathing Purposes. (2) Interim Federal Specification GG-B-675d (Sep* tember 23, 1976), Bresthini Apparatus, Self-Contained. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD 2*1J.|*tO 11.13 VS. Deportment of Defense (1) Military Specification MILE-83252 (Febru. ary 20,1970). Emergency Oxygen Supply. Chiorste Candle, Aircraft CRU-74/P. (2) Military Specification M!L-0-1563c (Septem ber 23.1964), Oxides, Oxygen Producing. 11.14 Reference Books (1) Any V Industrial Hyfient end Toxicology. Volume 1. Third Revised Edition. G. D. Clayton and F. E. Clayton (Editors), John WUey and Sons, Incorpo rated, 1978. (2) Physloiogy ofRtsp&wtion. J. H. Comroe, Year book Medical Publishers Incorporated, 1965. 31 RSV 0021458 Appendix (Thb Appendix if aot fan of Amrttu NsUmuI Suadeid Pieetteaa fof Kf^tnury Fnrtectioe. ANSI ZJtJ 19S0, Put If iadudad (tafermettoa puiyo-- oaJyj At. Approval Agtncict Al.l Borne of Mtoea (BM). The Bureau of Mines (BM), U.S. Department of Interior, tested end approved respiraton from 1919 until 1972. Approvals were is sued under the provisions of various schedules until Msy 25, 1972. the effective date of Title 30,Code of Federal Repjlaricra (CFR), Part 11, "Respiratory Pro* tectite Devices; Tests for Permissibility; Fees." Title 30, CFR, Pan 11 superseded and revoked the previous respirator approval schedules. AI .2 National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Title 30, CFR, Pan 11 gave jurisdic tion for joint approval of respirators to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, arid to the Bureau of Mines (BM), U.5. Department of the Interior. A1J Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration (MESA). In 1974,a reorganization of the U.S. Depart* ment of the Interior resulted in the formation of the Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration (MESA), which assumed the health and safety activities of the Bureau of Mines (BM), including the respirator testing and approving functions. Subsequent respirator approvals wert issued jointly by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration (MESA). AM Mine Safety and Kealtii Administration (MSKA). The Federal Mine Safety and Health Amendments Act of 1977 transferred in Mareh 1979 the authority for enforcement of mining safety and health from the U. Department of Interior to the U.S. Department of Labor. The act created in the U.5. Department of Labor the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) which replaced the Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration (MESA) of the U.S. Depart* ment of Interior. The Mine Safety and Health Ad* ministration (MSHA) has assumed the respirator test* ing and approving functions of the Mining Enforce* ment and Safety Administration (MESA). Respirator approvals art now issued jointly by the National In* 32 stitutt for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA). A2. Status of Approved Respirators The status of respiraton approved under the provision of BM Schedules is different from the status of respira* ton approved under provisions of Title 30, CFR, Part 11. Amendmenu to Title 30, CFR, tot 11 published in the Federal Re%ister on November 22,1974 provide that: (1) After June 30,1975, respirators are approved for purchase and use if they have been approved joint* ly by MSHA (formerly BM and MESA) and NIOSH under provisions of Title 30, CFR, Fart ! 1. However, gas masks which have been approved by the BM under provisions of BM Schedule 14F continue to be ap* proved for purchase and use until funher notice. (2) Respiraton, other than gas masks, which have been approved by the BM under provisions of certain BM Schedules, if purchased on or before June 30, 1975, and which arc maintained in approved condition, shall be approved for use until the following dates; March 3!, 1979 for ielf<ontiincd breathing apparatus approved under provisions of BM schedules 13-13E; March 31,1980 for supplied*!/ respirators approved under provisions of BM schedule I9B; March 31,1976, for particulate*removing respiraton approved under provisions of BM schedule 21B; March 31,1976, for chemical-cartridge-cype vapor- and gas-removing respira ton approved under provisions of BM schedule 23B. A3. Lists of Approved Respirators Respirators approved by the BM under provisions of BM schedules were listed periodlcaDy through the yean in BM Information drculan. The last BM information circular listing approved respiraton is 108559, "Respirators Approved by the Bureau of Mines as of May 24,1972." Respiraton approved Jointly by NIOSH and MSHA under provisions of Title 30, CFR, RSV 0021459 Fan 11 art kited in "NIOSH Certified Personal frotae* tiv* Equipment." Supplemenu art btued periodically. Copies art available from: PubUations Diaeminatlon, DTS National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health U.S. Department of Health. Education, and Welfare 4676 Columbia Parkway Cincinnati, Ohio 4S226 A4. Physiological and Psychological Limitations for Respirator Wearers It it recommended that a phytician determine If a per* son should or should not wear respirator If the person has any of the foDowing: (1) Emphysema (2) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (3) Bronchial asthma (4) X*ny evidence of pneumoconiosis (5) Evidence of reduced pulmonary function (6) Coronary artery disease or cerebral blood vessel disease (7) Severe or progressive hypertension (8) Epilepsy, grand mal or petit mal (9) Anemia, pernicious (10) Diabetes, insipidus or meQJtus (11) Punctured eardrum (12) Pneumomediastinum pp (13) Communication of sinus through upper jaw to oral cavity (14) Breathing difficulty when wearing a respirator (15) Claustrophobia or anxiety when wearing a res pirator A5. Suggested Procedures for Carrying Out Qualitative Respirator-Fitting Tests A5.1 Irritant Smoke Test. The irritant smoke test can be used for both air-purifying respirators and atmosphere^upplying respirators. When an air^urifying respirator is tested, H should be equipped with s high* cfTiciency filter. The irritant moke is produced by air flowing through commercially available moke tube normally used to check the performance of ventilation system. Ventilation dtould be provided when carrying out a test to prerent contaminating the room where the test is carried out with smoke. The respirator wearer should keep his eyes closed during the test, cren if the respirator offers eye protection. If the respirator wearer detects the penetration of the moke into the respirator during the test, the wearer should be permitted to readjust the seal of the respirator. The test operstor operates the moke tube to direct moke over the respirator, keeping the moke tube about two feet from the respirator, and watches the reactions of the respirator wearer. If the respirator wearer does not detect penetration of moke into the respirator, the test operator mores the moke tube closer to the respirator and observes the reactions of the respirator wearer. When the .moke tube has been moved to within six inches of the respirator and the respirator wearer still has not detected penetration of smoke into the respirator, the smoke may be directed at potential points of leakage in the seal of the respira tor to the wearer. If the respirator wearer still does not detect penetration of the moke into the respirator, the wearer should carry out a series of exercises such as deep breathing, turning head from side to side, nod ding head tip end down, and talking while smoke is directed at the respirator. If the respirator wearer is unable to detect the penetration of moke into the respirator, the wearer has achieved a satisfactory fit with the respirator. AS.2 Odorous Vapor Test. The odorous vapor test can be used for both air-purifying respirators and stmosphere-eupplying respirators. When an sir-purify ing respirator is tested, it should be equipped with a cartridge or canister which removes the test vapor from the air. An odorous material commonly used in the ten is isoamyl acetate. If isoamyl acetate is em ployed ts the test agent, an air-purifying respirator should be equipped with an organic vapor cartridge or canister. The amplest means of carrying out the test is to saturate a piece of fabrie or sponge with liquid boamyl acetate or to fill a stencil brush with liquid Uoamyl acetate and then more the fabric, sponge,or stencil brush around the respirator worn by a person. The fabric, sponge, or stencil brush should be passed close to the potential points of leakage in the seal of the respirator while the wearer carries out exer cises such as normal breathing, deep breathing, turning head from side to side, nodding head up and down, and talking. If the respirator wearer detects the odor of isoamyl acetate vapor during the test, the wearer should be permitted to readjust the seal of the respirator. If the respirator wearer is unable to detect the odor of iaoamyl acetate vapor, the wearer has achieved a satis factory fit with the respirator. An improved qualitative respirator-fitting test using isoemyl acetate vapor as the test agent may be carried out using a hood, chamber,or room containing a known concentration of isoamyl acetate in the air. The RSV 0021460 33 APPENDIX concentration of boamyl acetate vapor in air common ly imd is 100 pern per million by volume. The respiraior wearer enters the snclonirc emsttining the tact atmosphere and carries out a aeries of exercises such as normal breathing, deep breathing, turning bead from side to side, nodding hud up and down, and talking. If the respirator wearer deteets the odor of hoamyl acetate vapor during the tat, the wearer should be per mitted to readjust the seal of the respirator. If the respirator wearer b unable to detect the odor of isoamyl acetate vapor, the wearer has achieved a satis factory fit with the respirator. The use of boamyl acetate vapor as a tat agent has the following two major drawbacks: the odor threshold vines widely among persons, although most __ persons can detect by odor a concentration of boamyl acetate vapor in air as low as 0.1 pans per million by voiume;and olfactory fatigue may cause s person to fail to detect the odor of a low concentration of bo amyl acetate vapor in air. Before performing this teat, ail persons should be tested to determine their ability to tense the odor of isoamyl acetate vapor in air. Since the odorous vapor test b subjective, the vslidlty of the test result depends on honest indication by the respirator wearer as to whether or not an odor was detected during the teat. A5J Other Qualitative Ropirstoe-Flttin| Tats. A stream of coal dust or talcum powder may be directed at the interface of a respirator facepiece with the wearer's face while the wearer carries out a series of exerebes such as normal brathing, deep breathing, turning head from side to side, nodding head up and down, and talk ing. After removing the respirator facepiece from the wearer's face, any observation of coal dust or talcum powder on area of the wearer's face which had been covered by the facepiece will indicate that the wearer did not obtain a mbfactory fit with the facepiece. A spray of fluorescein liquid partida may be directed at the interface of a respirator facepiece with the wearer's fsce while the wearer cirries out a series of exercises such as normal breathing, deep breathing, turning head from side to side, nodding head up and down, and talk ing. After removing the respirator facepiece from the wearer's face, and with the wearer's eya dosed, ultra violet light is directed at the wearer's face; any ob servation of fluorescein on area of the wearer's face which had been covered by the facepiece wiQ indicate that the wearer did not obtain a satisfactory fit with the facepiece. Negative-pressure and positivepressure respirator sealing test* arc not considered to be qualita tive-type respirator-fitting tats, and these sealing tats should not be used for selecting specific makes and modeb of respirators for use by respirator wearers. A6. Suggested Procedural for Carrying Out Quantitative Respirator-Fitting Tests All quantitative respirator-fitting tats involve exposing the respirator wearer to a tat atmosphere containing an eatijy detectable, relatively nontoxic aerosol, vapor, or gas as the tat agent and then measuring the penetra tion of the tat agent into the rapintor. While wearing the respirator in the tat atmosphere, the rapintor wearer carries out a seria of exereba simulating work movements. The respirator U equipped with a sampling probe which b connected by means of flexible tubing to an instrument which measures the penetration of the tot agent Into the respirator. Quantitative respira tor-fitting tats can be used for both air-purifying res pirators and atmosphere-supplying rapiraton. When carrying out a quantitative respirator-fitting tat which uses an aerosol as the tat agent, it b an accept able procedure to equip an air-purifying rapintor with a high-efficiency filter. When carrying out a quantita tive respirator-fitting tat which usa a vapor or gas aa the tat agent, it b an acceptable procedure to equip an air-purifying respirator with an appropriate cartridge or canbter which removes the vapor or gas from the air. A6.I Exercisa Carried Out by Respirator Weans*. A respirator wearer should carry out a seria of exer cises which stimulate work movements. The kinds of exercisa carried out depend on the type of respira tors. Each exercise should be carried out for at least two minuta. The series of exereba for testing i rapintor equip ped with a facepiece should include but not be limited to the following: (1) Norma] brathing (2) Deep breathing (3) Turning head from side to side (4) Nodding head up and down (3) Talking (6) Normal breathing The series of exercisa for testing a respirator equip ped with a helmet, hood, or suit should include but not be limited to the following: (1) Standing still, arms hanging downward along sida of body, normal breathing (2) Bending forward and touching toa (3) Raising arms shore head and looking upward (4) Bending knees and squatting (5) Standing while holding a tubular rod about 76 eentimeiers In length with hands approximately 30 centimeters apart, twisting torso from side to tide In an ISO* are,and slowly raising the arms from a downward direction to an upward direction having an angle of 45* with the horizontal plane 34 RSV 0021461 Tabio Al To* Afeuts Suitable for Corytai Oot Qumittrarlvi Ropfeitor-FMng Tott Tm Sent MyCipmt odlwra dilortU mol Polydbpmi OOP (dioctyl phthakte) MTOtO) DicNorodh flttoremthiM (Freon 12) gas CncnndM of Test Asm ia Teat Atmosphere 10-20 Blttpaim pertfoukm matter par cubic mm of air 20-20 aiUpim particubta matter per cubic meter of air 250-1000 peril per mitten by volume Hrttete giaa if Test Aset b m Amoinl Mast median aerodynamic illanuTci of 0J to 0.7 micrometer with standard deviation of 2.0 to 2.4 Maaimadiaa aerodynamic diametar of 04 to 0.7 micrometer with standard devtatioo of 24 to 24 Not tppbcabit APPENDIX (6) Running In place (7) Standing still, armi lunging downward along sides of body, normal breathing Ad.2 Teat Atmospbem. Test atmospheres containing the test agenu specified in Table Al art suitable for carrying out quantitathu reapirator'fitting tests. Ad3 Teat Chambers. It is recommended that test chambers used to cany out quantitative respirator* fitting tests have the foDowing characteristics: (1) The design of the chamber and equipment used to generate the test atmosphere should ensure that the concentration of the test agent in the test atmosphere inside the chamber does not vary more than *5% dur* ing s test. (2) The design of the chamber and equipment used to disperse the test atmosphere in the chamber should ensure that the test agent is uniformly distributed bi the test atmosphere throughout the chamber. (3) The size of the chamber must permit a respira* tor wearer to carry out ad of the designated exercises. (4) The chamber should contain provisions to permit the test operator to visuaDy observe the respirator wearer inside the chamber. Ad.4 Protection Factor Determination. Die instro* meat which measures the penetration of the test agent into the respirator worn by a parson in the test atmos phere should be connected to a fastresponse recorder which records the penetration values. The average of the peaks of the penetration of the test agent into the respirator for each type of exerdse arried out by the respirator wearer should be determined. The protection factor for a given make and model of respirator worn by a person in a test should be calculated by using the foDowing equation: Protection factor s-Sr where S * The sum of average peak penetrations for aB exercises (In percent) N The number of exercises A7. Recommended Procedures for Field Test* inf the Seal of the Respirator to the Wearer The seal of a respirator to a wearer can be tested in the field by procedures recommended by respirator menu* facturen or by any of the foDowing tests: A7.1 irritant or Odorous Tat Agent. The person wear ing a respirator is exposed to an irritant smoke, odorous iaoamyl acetate vapor, or other suitable test agent estily detectable by irritation, odor, or taste (an air* purifying respirator must be equipped with the ap propriate air-purifying clement). If the respirator wearer is unable to detect the penetration of the lest agent into the respirator,tt can be reasonably assured that the seal of the rapirator to the wearer is satisfactory. A7.2 Ncptiii Pifiut Sealing Test. A negativeeirpressure respirator sealing test can be used on airpurifytng respirators equipped with tight-fitting respiratory-inJet comings and on atmosphere-supplying res pirators equipped with tight^lttlng respiratory-inlet coverings and breathing tuba which can be squeezed 35 RSV 0021462 AffENDtX or blocked it the Inlet to prevent the punp of tir. This test may be difficult or Impoolble to cany out on valueless respirston. The inlet openini of the respirator'i canisterf*)- cartridge(s),or filters) is dosed off by covehnt with the palm of the hand(t), by re* placing the inlet seel on t canialerf*), or by squeezing breathing tube or blocking iti inlet so that it will not allow the passage of air. Then the wearer inhales gently and holds his breath for at least 10 seconds. If a facepiece collapses slightly and no inward leakage of air into the facepiece is detected.lt can be reason* ably assured that the fit of the respirator to the wearer is satisfactory. For a respirator equipped with a mouth* piece and nose clamp, if leakage of air into the nose or the mouth cannot be detected, then it can be rea* sonably assured that the fit of the respirator to the wearer is satisfactory. A7.3 Podtin Piuiura Sealing Teat. A positive-airpressure test can be used on respirators equipped with tight-fitting respiratory-inlet coverings which contain both inhalation and exhalation valves. This teat may be difficult or impossible to carry out on valveless respirators. The exhalation vain or breathing tube, or both, is closed off and then the wearer ex* hales gently. The fit of a respirator equipped with a facepiece is considered to be satisfactory if a slight positive pressure can be built up inside the facepiece without the detection of any outward leakage of ait between the sealing surface of the facepiece and the respirator wearer's face. The fit of a respirator equip* ped with a mouthpiece and nose clamp is considered satisfactory if the respirator wearer senses a buildup of positive pressure and is unable to detect any outward leakage of air through the nose and in the area between the mouth and the mouthpiece. For some respirators, this test method requires that the respirator wearer first rrmove an exhalation conr from the respirator and then replace it after completion of the test. These tasks often are difficult to carry out without disturbing the fit of the respirator to the wearer. A7.4 Warning Concerning Neptfve ft mure end Podtn i ftimue 5reling Testa. Care must be taken in carry ing out a neptive-pressure or positive pressure scaling test; otherwise, the results of the sealing test may be unreliable. Thorough training in carrying out these tests should be given to respirator wearers. AS. Monitoring of Respiratory Hazards The intensity of potential exposures and actual ex* posure of respirator wearen to respiratory hazards is determined by using instruments to measure the con* 36 contritions of air contaminants or oxygen In the breathing zone of the respirator wearen. Adequate air sampling and analysis or appropriate calculations should be carried out to determine both the timeweighted average concentration and the peak concen tration of the respiratory hazard to which a respirator wearer may be potentially exposed or is actually ex posed. Concentrations of a substance causing a respira tory hazard should be determined during the work shift in order to accurately define both the lime-weighted average concentration and the peak concentration of the substance. The concentrations of a substance in air may be affected by changes In process operation, changes in rate and direction of air movement. changes in temperature from day to night operation, and changes in seasons; these factors should be taken into account in carrying out a program of monitoring res piratory hazards. It is essential that the volume of air sampled during a sampling test contain a sufficient quantity of the hazardous substance for accurate determination of the concentration of the substance in the workplace atmos* phere. The volume of air to be sampled or the dura tion of the air-sampling period depends upon the fol lowing factors: (1) Estimated concentration of tha substance in air (2) Sensitivity of the sampling instrument and sampling procedures (3) Established permitted time-weighted average concentration and established permitted peak con centration for the substance in air Although it is recognized that the concentration of a hazardous substance which occurs during an emergency cannot always be measured or calculated, every reasonable effort should be made to estimate what this concentration would be. Consideration should be given to the use of a con tinuously operating air monitor and alarm to alert respirator wearers when a high concentration of a hazardous substance suddenly occurs. A9. Recommended Procedures for Cleaning and Sanitizing Respirators Recommended procedures for cleaning and sanitizing respirators are as foDowi: (1) Remove, when neceraary, the foDowing com ponents of respiratoryHalet covering assemblies before cleaning and sanitizing: (a) Filters, cartridges, canisters (b) Speaking diaphragms (c) Demand and preoure-demand valve assemblies RSV 0021463 (d) Any components recommended by the rwptritor manufacturers (2) Wash reeptratory^nlet coming amemblfca In wim (49*C or 1 20*F maximum temperature) deanerwritHer solution. A atiff bristle (not wire) brush may be teed to facilitate removal of dirt or other foreign material. (3) Rinse respiratory-inlet covering saaembUee in dean, warm (49*C or 120*F maximum temperature) water. (4) Drain sD water and air-dry the respiratory-inlet covering assemblies. (5) Ckan and sanitize all parts removed from respire* tory-inlet covering aa recommended by the manufac turer!. (6) Hand wipe respiratory-inlet covering assemblies, aS pans, and iO gasket and valve sealing surfaces with damp, lint-free doth as needed to remove water resi dues and aO foreign materials. (7) Inspect parts and replace any which are defec tive. (B) Reassemble parts on respiratory-inlet cotwring assemblies. (9) Attach new filters, cartridges, and canisters to respiratory-inlet coverings. (10) visually inspect and, where possible,test parts and respirator assemblies for proper function. (11) Race assembled respirators in appropriate con tainers for storage. Machines may be used to expedite the dcaning, sanitizing, rinsing, and drying of large numbers of respirators. Extreme care must be taken to ensure against tumbling, agitation, or exposura to tempera tures above those recommended by the manufacturer (normaDy 49*C or 120*F maximum), as these condi tions are likely to result in damage to the respirators. Ultrasonic deanen, dothet-washing machines, dish washers, and dothet dryers have been tpedally adapted and successfully used for cleaning and drying respira tors. Cleaner-sanitizers that effectively dean the respirator and contain a bactericidal agent ere commercially available. The bactericidal agent frequently used is a quaternary ammonium compound. Strong deaning and sanitizing agenti and many solvents can damage rubber or elastomeric respirator pans. These materials must be used with caution. Alternatively, respirators may be washed In a deter gent solution and then sanitized by Immersion In a exnrtizang solution. Some sanitizing solutions which have proven effective are: (1) a hypochlorite solution (50 parts per million ddorint), 2-minute immersion; (2) an aqueous iodine solution (50 pans per million of iodine), 2-minute immersion; or (3) a quaternary AmJtfDIX ammonium solution (200 pom per million of qua ternary ammonium cocnpotmds In water wtth lam than 500 parts per million total hardness), 2-minuta Immersion. Different concentrations of quaternary ammonium salts are required to achleiw a sanitising solution with waters of varying hardness. Inflammation of the skin of the reepirator user (dermatitis) may occur if the quaternary ammonium compounds sre not complete ly rinsed from the respirator. The hypochlorite and iodine solutions are unstable and break down u time progresses; they may cause deterioration of rubber or other elastomeric parts and may be conosm to metal lic parts. Immersion timet should not be extended be yond the mentioned time periods, and the sanitizers must be thoroughly rinsed from the respirator parts. Respirators may become contaminated with toxic materials. If the contamination is light, normal cleaning procedures should provide satisfactory decontamina tion; otherwise separate decontamination steps may be required before deaning. AI0. Oxygen Deficiency -- Immediately Dangerous to life or Health An atmosphere which causes an oxygen partial pres sure of 100 millimeters of mercury column or less in the freshly inspired air in the upper portion of the lungs which b saturated with water vapor is classified as "oxygen deficiency - Immediately dangerous to liffor health." The rationale for this classification is that an oxygen partial pressure of 100 miHimcien of mer cury column in the freshly inspired air in the upper portion of the lungs, which is saturated with water vapor, corresponds to an oxygen partial pressure of 60 miQimeten of mercury column in the alveoli of the lunp with a arbon dioxide partial pressure of 40 milli meters of mereury column is present in the alveoli of the lungs, and at these alveolar conditions the hemo globin of the alveolar blood is 90% saturated with oxygen. When the oxygen content of the hemoglobin of the alveolar blood drops below 90% saturation, oxy gen-deficiency symptoms become noticeable. Further details concerning oxygen deficiency will be found on pages 16 to 16 of "A Guide to Industrial Respiratory Protection,'1 LA-6677+1, published by the Los Alamos Sdentific Leboratory;on pages 140*148 of Volume 1 of "Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology," pub lished by John Wiley and Sons, Incorporated, 1978; and in "ftiysiology of Respiration," published by Yearbook Medical Publishers Incorporated, 1965. 37 RSV 0021464 AJTENDIX Die oxygen pwttal pressure la the freshly Inspired sir in the upper portion of the bmp ehkh Is saturated with water vapor is calculated udng the following equation: Partial pressure of oxygen tat freshly inspired air in upper portion of lungs in units of millimeters of mercury column /Atmospheric / air pressure / in units of I millimetenof Y mercury \column Decimal fraction 472) by volume of millimeters] oxygen in of mercury j X atmospheric air column In workplace NOTE: 47.0 miUmeten of mnewjr column ii the partiai pressure of water vapor in the air in the upper portion of the Innas which ii tarunted with water vapor. The eoncefttrsftofl of oxygen in normal atmospheric air is 20.93% by volume. Examples of calculations: (1) Determine the partial pressure of oxygen in the upper portion of the iunp of a person in s workplace at tea level when the atmospheric air in the workplace has a normal oxygen concentration. The atmospheric sir pressure st sea level is 760 JO millimeters of mercury column. The concentration of oxygen in normal atmospheric air is 20.95% by volume. Pinial pressure of oxygen in freshly Inspired air in m upper portion of Iunp 149.37 millimeters of (760.0 - 47.0) X 0.2095 mercury column (2) Determine the partial pressure of oxygen in the upper portion of the Iunp of a person in i workplace at an altitude of 5000 feet above sea level when the atmospheric air has a normal oxygen concentration. The atmospheric air pressure at an altitude of 5000 feet above see kiwi la 632.7 nriOimeten of mercury column. The concentration of oxygen in normal atmoe* pheric air is 20.93% by volume. Partial pressure of oxygen in freshly inspired air in upper portion of Iunp (632.7 - 47.0) X 0.2095 122.7 mfllimetets of mercury column (3) Determine the partial pressure of oxygen in the upper portion of the Iunp of a person in a work* place st an altitude of 10 000 feet above sea level when the atmospheric air has a normal oxygen concentration. The atmospheric air pressure at an altitude of 10 000 feet above sea level is 522.7 millimeters of mercury column. The concentration of oxygen in normal atmospheric air is 20.95% by volume. Partial pressure of oxygen In freshly inspired air in m upper portion of Iunp (522.7 - 47.0) X 0.2095 " 66 miUlme,eri of mercury column (4) Determine the penial pressure of oxygen m the upper portion of the Iunp of a person In a work* place at see level when the concentration of oxygen in the atmospheric air in the workplace is 14.0% by vol* ume. The atmospheric air pressure at sea level is 7602) miDimeten of mercury column. The concentration of oxygen in the atmospheric air in the workplace is 14.0% by volume. Pariial pressure of oxygen in freshly inspired air in 9 upper portion of Iunp 99.82 millimetenof (760.0 - 47.0) X 0.14 mercury column 38 RSV 0021465 American National Standards Ths standard in this booklet it one of more then 10,000 ftenderdt approved to date by the Anwrican Netlonet Standerdi Institute. The Standard! inttituta provide* the machinery for creating voluntary nandvdL It wve to eliminate duplication of standards activrtiw and to weld conflicting standards into single, nationally accepted standards under the designation "American National Standards.** Each standard raprasants ganaral agraemant among msker, sailer, and user poops as to the best currsnt practice with regard to soma pacific problem. Thus the compietad standards cut across the whole fabric of production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. American National Standards, by raason of Institute procedures, rsflsct national consensus of manufacturers, consumers, and scientific, technical, and professional orga nizations, and governmental agencies. The completed standards are used widely by industry end commerce and oftan by municipal, stats, and federal government!. The Standerdi Institute, under whose auspices this work is being done, is the United States clearinghouse and coordinating body for voluntary standards activity on the national level. It is a federation of trads associations, techni cal societies professional groups, and consumer orpnizatiom. Some 1000 companies ars affiliated with the institute as company memban. The American National Standards Institute is the United States member of the International Onpnizstion for Standardization (ISO) and the Interna tional Elactrotechnical Commisrion (1EC). Through thiss channels U.S. sum dardi intsrssts makt thair positions felt on the international level. American National Standards are on file in the libraries of the national standards bodies of more than 60 countries. American National Standards Institute, Inc 1490 Broadway New York, N.Y. 10016 PROPERTY OP dueh LIBRARY MOHSUfO CCUPAKY ST. LOUIS, K0. RSV 0021466 APPENDIX III RSV 0021467 APPENDIX^IP MEDICAL RESPIRATOR EVALUATION MEDICAL HISTORY: DO YOU HAVE ANY OF THE FOLLOWING? IF YES, CIRCLE NUMBER. 1) Chronic lung disease 2) Ischemic heart disease 3) Hypertension O Hemorrhagic disorders 5) Thyroid enlargement 6) Epilepsy ' 7) Diabetes 8) Cerebrovascular accident 9) Facial abnormalities 10) Serious defects in visual acuity 11) Ruptured ear drum 12) Other disabilities BELOW IS FOR COMPLETION BY PHYSICIAN: FACIAL CONTOURS INTRA-NASAL EVALUATION EAR DRUMS (PREFORATION) CARDIOVASCULAR STATUS PULMONARY STATUS NORMAL Q ABNORMAL a d O BASED ON EVALUATION OF THE ABOVE FACTORS: CUSS (CHECK) No restrictions on respirator use. Some specific use restrictions. RESTRICTIONS: No respirator use permitted. (Signature) APPENDIX A M.D. RSV 0021468 APPENDIX IV RSV 0021469 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET GENIUM PUBLISHING CORPORATION IMS CATALYN STREET SCHENECTADY. NY 12303-1036 USA (510) 077-8655 OOUMHIUtfMMOCOV. NO. 1A AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE (28-30X) Date April I960 SECTION I. MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION Material name: ammonium hydroxide (2&-30X) OTHER DESIGNATIONS: Aqua Anmonia, Amonlui Hydrate, Antoni* Water (Strong), "Spirit of Hartshorn*', NH4OH, GE Material D4B2, CAS #001 336 216 MANUFACTURER: Available fron many supplier*. Including: J.T. Baker Chemical Corp. Canadian Induetrlea Limited 222 Red School Lane Chemicals, Box 10 Fhlllpeburg, NJ 08865 Montreal, QUE., Canada K3C 2R3 SECTION II. INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS Ammonia, Anhydrous (See MSDS #1) Water 28-30 70-72 MA2ARO DATA 8-hr TWA 50 ppm* or 35 mg/m3 Material le prepared by diesolving umonia in water under controlled conditions. Purity depend# on the purity of the ammonia and of the water used. Current OSHA valueJ ACGIH (1979) TLV is 25 ppm. NIOSB has proposed a celling level of 50 ppm for ammonia. Human, oral LDLo 43 mg/kg Human, Inhalation LCLo 5000 ppm *LtanSit mg/kg SECTION III. PHYSICAL DATA Temperature at which solution la saturated with NH-a *t 1 atm, "JegT --.... -H cm 60-85 Vapor pressure of NB3, 15.5 C em Hg - 770-475 Water eolubility -------------------- Completely Soluble Specific gravity (15.5/4 C) Formular weight, NH4OH ---- Moles NHj/liter of solution - Freezing point, deg C------------ 0.90 35.0 ce 1 >-73 Appearance 4 Odor: A clear, colorleaa liquid with a atrong, pungent odor of ammonia. The odor, which le detectable at 5 ppm and irritating at 25-50 ppm of NH3, provides a warning of hazardoua concentrations in air. SECTION IV. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA Flash Point and Method Autoignition Temp. N/A 1204 F (aa NH3) LOWER UPPER Flammability Limits In Air Volume X (NH3) 16 27 Extinguishing Media: Use media appropriate to surrounding fire conditions. Use cold water spray to control vapors and cool fire-exposed containers. When heated, material will emit NH3 vapors which necessitates respiratory and eye protection for firefighters. Use protective clothing. SECTION V. REACTIVITY DATA HeteTial Is stable in cool storage in closed containers. It does not polymerize. Ammonium, hydroxide is strongly alkaline end is incompatible with add materials and with copper, tin, zinc, aluminum, and their alloys and with galvanized surfaces. Violent reactions can occur,, for example, with dimethyl aulfate, or fluorine. Ex plosive materials can result from reaction with iodine or with aeverel silver co^ pounds. Adding NaOB to this material and/or heating will volatize NH3. GENIUM PUBLISHING RSV 0021470 NO. -11_ SECTION VI. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION TLV 25 ppm/30 ppa (Sea Sect. II) Ammonium hydroxid* is irritating and corrosive to body tiasuaa. Excssslve inhalation of vapors la irritating to the mueous membranes e olsss.r:;i!af?nuHy*cL*E?..cfRisij?!ikt,In headache, coughing, aevere lung congeatlon contact with liquid can irritate* redden and cause burns. Liquid contact vlth the eye can be severely damaging and can result in loss of vision. Ingestion is corrosive to the digestive tract. FIRST AID: Eye Contact: Immediately flush with lots of running water for at least 15 min., in- eluding under the eyelids: then contact physician immediately. preferably an opthalmologist. Speed and thoroughness in rinsing eyes is important to avoid permanent Injury. Skin Contact: Immediately flush with lots of water while removing contaminated cloth- lng and shoes. Get medical help promptly if large areas are affected or irritation Kerslsts. alation: Remove to freeh elr. Restore breathing if required and/or have trained person administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Keep warm and at rest. Contact 1oe^ t|on?n ?fcEns?ious, promptly glve*~lote of water or dilute vinegar or citrus juic to drink, followed by milk. Do not induce vomiting. Contact physician. SECTION VII. SPILL,* LEAK/ AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES Prepare written plans for emergency." ^T-ntor* saiety personnel ox large spun ana evacuac area. Provide ventilation. Those involved In clean up need protection against con tact vlth liquid and inhalation of mist or vapors. Contain spill for recovery when feasible or flush vlth water to holding area for neutralization (do not flush directly to sewer or surface water.) DISPOSAL: Follow Federal, State and Local regulations for pH, NH3 content, and ealte content for effluents. Ammonium hydroxide can be dlluteavith water, neutralized as required with dilute HC1 or dilute H2SO4, end then hlghtly diluted with water for discharge. Suitable scrap ammonium hydroxide might be considered for use in neutral izing addle wastes. If desired, aqueous NH3 can be recovered, from scrap for use or sale. SECTION VIII, SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION Provide general and local exhaust ventilation as required to meet TLV.For emergency an nonroutine conditions above the TLV e chemical cartridge respirator with a full-facepl ce respirator is suitable for exposures below 300 ppm; above 300 ppm or If concentration inknown use approved self-contained respirator with full facepiece. Jse splash-proof, chemical safety goggles, and where needed, e faceshleld or mask to protect against splashes and from mists and NH3. Use a rubber suit, boots, gloves, apron, or other protective clothing as required for workplace conditions to prevent contact with ammonium hydroxide solutions. Kn eyewash station and a safety shower must be -immediately accessible to workers where this material is used or handled. Washing facilities and large amounts of clean water must be available for emergency use where spills may occur. SECTION IX. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTS Store In a cool (below 80 F to avoidi pressurization above 1 atm) area in losed contains away from sources of heat, direct sunlight, and incompatible materials see, for ex- ample. Sec. V). Handle as a corro>ssllve liquid. Prevent damage to coonnttainers. Above 50 F, cion. the Use ammonia vapor from caution in opening thseisaii,lleema4dacteorniatal inceanrsbefoar serious hazard in a spill situaproper pressure re liel. Drain emptied containers well & flush vlth water before discarding. Work practices and equipment must be arranged to prevent contact of ammonium hydroxide with the worker's body and to avoid inhalation of vapors. Train workers in proper handling of ammonium hydroxide. Preplacement and periodic medical exam la recommended for ammonia workers and additional eexxapmossusrehovucldr,kbeersp'vroitvhideedyeiforepxuclemsosnivaeryedxplsoesausreilioccur. K*eep" raebcuoirtrdwsa.i Preclude tfrto*m DATA SOURCE(S) CODE: 1-12, 14, 34 APPROVAL S! crd' / Industrial Hygieitfr (\ ft-. )" and Safety MEDICAL REVI1 GENIUM PUBLISHING RSV 0021471 NO. 316 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET GENIUM PUBLISHING CORPORATION 1145 catalyn STREET SCHENECTADY. NY 12303*1836 USA (518) 377*6855 (MMtUM PV4USMIMO COW. BENZENE Revision C Date November 1976 SECTION I. MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION iATERXAL NAME: BENZENE OTHER DESIGNATIONS: Benzol, Fhenylhydrlde, Phene, C6H6, CE Material D3B33, ASTK D835, D836, 02359. CAS #000 071 432 MANUFACTURER: Available fro many sources. SECTION II. INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS HAZARD DATA Benzene Current OSHA and ACGIH (1978) permissible exposure level. Note that the OSHA standard on benrenq which would re duce the TLV co 1 f>p with a 5 ppm celling, forbid con tact with liquid with over 0.52 benzene, end legally classify benzene as a human carcinogen has been struck down by U.S. Court of Appeals. ca 100 8-hr TVA 10 ppm (skin) vltb 25 ppm celling level sod 50 ppm 10 minute pea) ACC1H (1978) lists benzene as a suspected carcinogen for humans. SECTION III. PHYSICAL DATA Bolling point, 1 atm, deg F (C) -- Vapor pressure at 20 C, mm Hg --- Vapor density (Alr*l) -------------- Solubility in water, wt. 2 ------------ 176 (80) 74.6 2 77 0.06 Specific gravity, 20/4 C -- 2 srrznvoiatiiea, -- --t-~ Evaporation rate (uCl^^L)- Molecular weight 0.679 ca 100 J^ 7./ 78.12 Melting point, deg F (C) -- 42 (5.5) Appearance & Odor: Clear, colorless liquid having s characteristic aromatic odor. The odor recognition threshold (1002 of panel) la 4.68 ppm (unfatlgued) in air. Odor la is nar an adequate warning of hazard. SECTION IV. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA Flash Point and Method Autoignlcion Tamp, LOWER UPPER Flaggaablllty Limits In Air 12QF (-11C) (TCC) 1044F (562C) Volume 2 1.3 7.1 Extinguishing Media: Water fog, CO2, dry chemical or foam. Use a blanketing effect to smother fire. A water stream will scatter the fire. A water spray can be used to cool fire exposed containers. Firefighters should wear approved self-contained breathing apparatus. This material can form explosive and flasnable mixtures with air at room temperature. It is a severe explosion hazard and toxic hazard in a fire situation. Vapors can flow along surfaces to distant ignition sources and flash back. SECTION V. REACTIVITY DATA Benzene is a stable compound under normal storage and use conditions; It does not polymer Ize. Benzene will reset vigorously with strong oxidizers such as ozone, permanganate, sulfuric or nitric acids, potassium peroxide, sodium peroxide, et al. It la flannable liquid. OSHA Class IB. Heating greatly Increases the fire and explosion hazards. Oxidation In air will produce oxides of carbon and nitrogen. GENIUM PUBLISHING RSV 0021472 SECTION VL HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION * NO. 316 [ tlv IQ ppn or 30 wg/m* (>kla) Excessive Inhalation or prolonged skin exposure may cause headachei weariness, loss of appetite and lassitude with Incipient blood effects Ineluding decreased cell counts, mild lymphotosls and eosinopenia. The nose significant toxic effect of benzene Is in sidious and often irreversible injury to the blood forming tissue from chronic low level exposures. Development of leukemia may occur from chronic excessive exposure! Eye contact yields irritation from liquid or high vapor concentrations. Skin contact will also yield a defatting effect. Inhalation may result In collapse, bronchitis and pneuomonia. FIRST AID: Eye contact; Wash eyes well with water for 15 minutes. Contact physician. Skin contact; Wash skin well with water. Contaminated clothing should be removed at once. Inhalation: Remove victim to fresh air. Restore breathing If required and administer oxygen for labored breathing. Contact physician. Inecstlon: Give edible fats or oils to swallow. Do not induce vomiting (aspiration hazard) , Contact a physician lomedlately. SECTION VII. SPILL. LEAK. AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES If a significant spill occurs, notify safety personnel and evacuate the area. Remove all ignition sources. Provide maximum, explosion-proof ventilation. Clean-up personnel must use approved self-contained breathing apparatus and other protective equipment to avoid contact with benzene. Remove free liquid. Pick up residue with an Inert absorbent, such as vermlcullte, and placed in a closed metal container for disposal, using non-sparking cools. When neces sary, benzene may be flushed away from a critical area with water, but flush to open area only, not to sewer or to surface waters. DISPOSAL: incinerate waste benzene or dispose of via a licensed solvent disposal company Do not send (or allow run off) to the sever! SECTION VIII. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION Provide general ventilation and local exhaust ventilation where benzene Is used, handled, or stored to meet TLV requirements. Self-contained breathing apparatus should be avail' able for emergencies and non-routine situations. Approved cartridge or canister type respirators can be used for benzene concentrations up to 50 ppm for short periods. A full facepiece Is required above 10 ppm To prevent skin contact, gloves, aprons, boots, etc of neoprene or other benzene-resistani materials should be used. Chemical goggles or face shields should be used if splashing Is possible. Eyewash station should be available where splashing Is probable. SECTION IX. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTS Whenever possible, less toxic solvents should be substituted for benzene. Consult health and safety services before benzene is ised in plant operations. Do not bresthe vapors. Prevent contact with liquid. It is a suspected cancer causing agent! Keep away from heat, sources of ignition, and oxidizing agents. No smoking in areas of use. Store and handle as OSHA Class lb liquid. Pre-placement detailed medical examination is needed. Workers who show heart, lung, kidney, liver, nervous disease, or any blood abnormality should not be assigned. Peri odic physical examinations and ares monitoring Is required. DATA SOURCE(S) CODE: 2-9. 12. 21 i\kAPPROVALS: crd' Industrial Hygiene^T and Safety Staff GENIUM PUBLISHING RSV 0021473 NO. ISA MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET GENIUM PUBLISHING CORPORATION 1145 CATALYN STREET SCHENECTADY. NY 12303-163$ USA (516) 377-8855 CHRYSOTILE ASBESTOS MMIUM pususmino CO#f. Date November 1979 SECTION I. MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION HATERIAL NAHE: CHRYSOTILE ASBESTOS DESSCCRR1IPPTTIIO0N: A crystalline serpentine Mineral, or layered, hydrated magnesium silicate In fine fiber'lorn (aabestiloraTI The end of a silver of tnis material with a cross- section ox u-i Dim*. cAn "enow "About 20 Billion tubule* (seroll-like fibril* about 0.01 pm diameter) in approximate parallel orientation. It is possible to scrip frost a fiber bundle very fine chrysotile threads, each an agglomerate of hundred* or thousands of hollow fibrils. (90S of asbestos used 1s chiysotile.) OTHER DESIGNATIONS: Asbestos, CAS #001 332 214, CE Material DAEll SECTION II. INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS I XI HA2ARD data Idealized Chrysotile (unit cell) - Hg^S^OjCOH)^* Impurities include low levels of Mn, Fe+^f Fe+^, and A1 in the structure, replacing randomly 41 ev. of the Mg atoms. Impurities depend on the mineral source; the unit cell hydroxyl content can also vary with an average of 4.23. Current OSHA TLV. OSHA (1975) proposed TLV of 0.5 fb/cc with a Ceiling of 5 fb/cc (15 min. sample). HIOSH (1976) proposed 0.1 fb/ce. ACGIH (1979 Intended Chang List) has retained TLV of 2 fb/cc for chrysotile asbestfc Asbestos is carcinogenic and/or eo-carcinoKenxd~for h 8-hr TWA 2 fibers/cc. Celling 10 fibers/cc (>5 Um In length) "Asbestos** iuman, inhal. rDLo 1.2 fb/cc for 19 years (Pulmonary effects) SECTION III. PHYSICAL DATA Melting point -- Vapor pressure Water solubility Decompose* (see Sect. V) Nil Insoluble (slowly breaks down in hot water) Appearance: White, fibrous solid,as long flexible textile fibers down to dust-like filler power. ^Milled chrysotile asbestos (powder-like) has an aspect ratio (ratio of length/dlsmeter) as high ae 50 for most particles.] SECTION IV. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA Flash Point and Method Autolenltion Temn. N/A N/A LOWER UPPER Flammability Limits In Air N/A This material is not combustible in air. Use extinguishing media ae appropriate for the surrounding materials In a fire situation. SECTION V. REACTIVITY DATA This material is inert under ordinary room temperature and heated use conditions. It la resistant to heat, but it will decompose end alter its microscopic fiber structure (eee Sect. I) above 600 C (1112 F): Chrysotile dehydroxylates at 600-760 C; the "asbestos anhydride" in turn breaks down to mixture of alllce (5102) fosterite (Mgj510/) at 600-650 C. Above 1000 C (1832 F) magnesium pyroxenes ere formed which melt at about 1450 C. Strong acids can attack chrysotile and rapidly extract its MgO and H2O content; it can be decomposed by glacial acetic acid. Hot water slowly breaks down chrysotile. It, like other forms of asbestos, resists strong alkali (5 M NaOH at least up to 100 C). Cfrwm C iwcMMueCnMa GENIUM PUBUSH1NG RSV 0021474 SECT 1 ON~V I . HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION | tlv NO. 15A (Sce Sect.II) As a particulate material, chrysocile asbestos can be Irritating to the respiratory tree:, skin or eyes. However, the significant Industrial hazards arise from excessive dust inhalation with damage requiring years to become evident. Chronic Inhalation of high levels of asbessstos particles can produce asbestosliea. a dliasaDbliiing rfibDrroossis oorf thea lunegas which graduallLyy reduces l*ung capacity ana exziciency. {.Us.uall.y o.ver.4 y.ear.s is requirid for a serious condition to develop.) Excessive inhalation can also cause pleural places. a thickening o>ff the lung lining. Compliance with TLV ia expected to control these has JTd Cancer can result from excessive inhalation of asbestos particulate, which may require decades to develop. Luna cancer Is a special risk to those who smoke cigarettes regulatly in addition to navrn asbestos exposure. Rare mesotheliomas of the pleura and peritoneum (lining around the lungs or abdominal cavity) and possibly cancers of the Cl tract and larynx (also smoking related) have been associated with inhalation expoevf'S to asbestos particles. (Crocldollte asbestos has been suggested as the major meso thelioma risk.) In groups of workers exposed to asbestos, lung cancer death is 3 or 4 times more common than mesothelioma death, and 97.St of asbestos-related lung cancers occur with those workers who algo smoke cigare1~te8"l r"or non-smokeT! asbestos exposure increases risk oT'lung'ca'ncer 5X. SECTION VII. SPILL, LEAK, AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES Notify safety personnel of spills I Exclude all from spill area except trained clean-up personnel who have approved respiratory protection against dust. Provide exhaust ventilation with capture filtration, but do not stir up the dust. Use a wet method or an approved vacuum cleaning system to pick up spuxs. me tecnnlques used oust col lect particulate without dispersing dust Into the air. Waste must be placed in dusttight containers or sealed plastic bags for disposal. Label properly! DISPOSAL: Deposit waste containers in a secured landfill where asbestos will remain "buried. Follow Federal, State and local regulations. Also note that chryaotile can be converted into non-asbestos waste by heating at high temperature (see Sect.V). SECTION VIII. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION Provide exhaust ventilation and capture filtration to remove airborne asbestos particul from the workplace (as much as possible) without dispersing it into the environment. Isolate work areas (also post signs) where asbestos particulate may occur at excessive levels. For nonroutine or emergency conditions where excessive dust is present, approved respir ators must be used: Single use or re-usable sir-purifying respiratory up to 10X TLV: full-facepiece powered air-purifying respirator up to 100X TLV; full-fsceplece airMi.'plWd (.ontinuous flow or pressure-demand type) respirator above 100X TLV. Depending on exposure levels. It may be necessary to provide body-covering work clothes, special vacuuming facilities for clothes and suitable laundering or disposal arrange ments, change areas with dual lockerlng facilities, ahovers before changing to street clothing after work, etc. Be aure workers do not carry asbestos dust home on their clothing or person. Prevent asbestos dust from being carried to rest rooms, to estinf areas, to non-asbestos workplaces, etc. SECTION IX. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTS Store asbestos in closed containers (dust tight) in a clean, secure area. Protect con- talners from physical damage. Do not open containers that can release asbestos dust without providing proper enclosure or control measures. Use dust suppression control measures at all stages of asbestos handling, use and disposal. Follow good housekeep ing practices Ed pTeVRnt accumulations of asbestos-containing dust. Avoid inhalation of asbestos. The effects on cancer incidence of chronic exposure are not yet fully known. Monitor areas where asbestos dust is present to be sure of worker exposure levels; keep records to define exposures and retain for at least 20 years. Provide preplacement and annual medical examinations for those exposed in the workplace to 8-h: TWA of 0.1 asbestos fibers or uore/cc vhlc for at least 20 years. DATA SOURCE(S) CODEi? 14. ?n 9ft 99 APPROVALS: ?Jn` 3. Tv Industrial Hygienkj and Safety ' ^ MEDICAL REVIEW: 12/79 GENIVM PUBLISHING RSV 0021475 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET NO. _L2_1_ GENIUM PUBLISHING CORPORATION 1145 CATALYN STREET SCHENECTADY. NY 12303-1836 USA (518) 377-M55 SECTION I. MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION QINIUM PUSUSHINO COST. CUPRIC CHLORIDE DATE October 1983 MATERIAL NAME: CUPRIC CHLORIDE OTHER DESIGNATIONS: Copper (II) Chloride, Cud,, CAS #007 447 394- CuCi -2H O CAS #013 933 170; Also CAS #001 344 678 2 22 MANUFACTURER: Available from several suppliers, including: pa"Iss!;rsdt';Inc- Paris Tel: 40361 ) SC7-7000 i;jth Chemic,`i c- Hey i P.0. Box 23214 Columbus , OH 43223 Tel: (614) 224-5343 SECTION II. INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS % HAZARD DATA Cupric Chloride (forms the dihydrate, CuCl2* 2h20 in moist air) 8-hr TVA 1.0 tng/m^* (dust'or mist, as C\$ CuCl2 Current 0SHA PEL and ACCT.V. (1983) TLV. STEL is 2.0 mg/m^ (dust or mist, as Cu) Rat Oral U 0 140 mg/kg House, Oral LD5q 190 mg/kg SECTION 111. PHYSICAL DATA CuCl. Human, Oral T.DLn 2TM rr/ke GaaCl2 2H20 Bolling pt, 1 atm, deg C ----------------- ,993 (dec) (at >300 C (decomposes to CuCl and Cl?) loses water 70-200C- Specific gravity, 2574C --------------- -- belting point, oeg C 3.39 620 2.54 100 Soluble in water. 9 0 C, g/100 ml pH (0.2 molar soln)---------- -------------lolecular weight -- 1 - ---------------- 70,6 3.1 134.4 110.4 3.6 170.5 Appearance 4 Odor - Yellow to brown fFininee,, light obliuuee--ggrreen hvgroscopj.c.pgvder^ crystal SECTION IV. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA Nstfc #.nt antf MrHo4 None limit, m Air Lower Upper Extinguishing media: Non-combustible. Use any media appropriate for Che surrounding fire Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. Material exposed In a fire situation will decompose at extreme temperatures releasing chlorine gee. Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing. SECTION V. REACTIVITY DATA LTi'- This la a stable material in closed containers at room temperature under normal storage and handling conditions. It does not undergo hazardous-polymerization. Cupric Chloride (CuCl^) is hygroscopic. Forms dihydrac-m in moist air. A mixture of either potassium or sodium with cupric chloride produces a strong explosion on impact. Incompatible with hydrazine and nltrometH'ane. Corrosive to aluminum with moisture present. Aqueous solutions are acidic (See Section III). Thermal-oxidative degradation can produce chlorine gas, which can alao be generated on reaction with strong oxidizing agents. GENIUM PUBLISHING RSV 0021476 MQ _I2I SECTION VI. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION j Tiv 1.0 mg/m^ (dus^or mfst ,^aj Cu) Inhalation of dusts or mists results In coughing, sore throat and Irritation of the upper respiratory tract. Skin contact can cause redness and Irritation vlth possible dermatitli Eye contact will cause redness, pain and possible blurred vision from its corrosive effe^s. Ingestion will cause abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea. Copper la an essential trace element In the body, but can be toxic in excessive exposures. [FIRST AID: Eye Contact: Irrigate with running water for 15 min. including under eyelids. Skin Contact: Wash affected ares with soap and water. Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. Ingestion: Give several glasses of water to drink to dilute. Induce vomiting. Seek medical assistance for further treatments observation and support after first aid. SECTION VII. SPILL. LEAK. AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES *octty safety personnel. Provide adequate ventilation. Clean up personnel need protection against possible inhalation of duet and contact with solid or solution (corrosive). Carefully sweep up dry material and collect In a suitable container for reclamation or disposal, avoiding dusty conditions. Avoid flushing directly to eewers (except, possi bly, a few grams or trace residues with high dilution) or surface waters. Material dissolved in water can be neutralized with soda ash to precipitate copper; separate precipitate for disposal. DISPOSAL; Waste may be burled In an approved landfill. `ollow Federal, State and Local regulations. PA(CWA) Reportable Quantity Is _10 lba^ (40 CFR 11?) SECTION VIII. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION 'rovide adequate general exhaust ventilation to meet TLV requirements. Exhaust filtration to collect dust may be, required or desirable. Jse a N10SH approved dust mask when handling large quantities of material or where dusting conditions exist. fear protective clothing (rubber gloves, apron, boots) appropriate for the work situation to avoid skin contact. Use chemical safety goggles to prevent eye contact. Zyewash station and washing facilities should be accessible to areas of use and handling. SECTION IX. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTS store In tightly closed containers under dry conditions to preserve anhydrous aalt or the crystalline hydrate. Protect containers from physical damage. Lise good housekeeping techniques. Copper chloride solutions ere acidic and corrosive. Avoid Inhalation of dust or mist. Prevent skin and eye contact. Do not ingest. Waah hands and faca thoroughly after handling. Follow good hygiene practices. DOT Classification: ORM-B I.D. NO. UN2B02 DATA SOURCt(S) CODE: 1,2,4-7,9,10,12,16 Label: (None) APPROVALS: MIS/CRO INDUST. HVGICNE/SAFFTY ^ jffip M-J-fS MEDICAL REVIEW: 8 October 1983 CESIUM PUBUSHISG RSV 0021477 NO. 385 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET GENIUM PUBLISHING CORPORATION t14S CATALYN STREET SCHENECTAOY. NY 1Z303-1836 USA (S18) 377-8655 SECTION I. MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION OlHlilM PUMJSMIMO CO**. ETHYL bemzene PAtc August 1978 MATERIAL NAME: ETHYL BENZINE OTHER DESIGNATIONS: Phenylethane, Ethylbenzol, C2HsC6H5, CAS# 000 100 414 MANUFACTURER: Available from several suppliers. SECTION M, INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS Ethyl Benzene ca IX HAZARD DATA 8-hr TWA 100 ppm* Current OSHA peroissable exposure level. A Standard was proposed by OSHA in October 1975 which Includes an action level of 50 ppm, end detailed requirements of monitoring, medical surveillance, employee train ing, etc., when exposure exceeds 50 ppm. It has not yet Issued as a legal requirement. SECTION III. PHYSICAL DATA Human, inhalation TCLo IX ppa for 8 hr (irritation) Rat, Oral U>so 35X mg/kg Bolling point at 1 atm, deg C -- Vapor pressure at 25.9 C, mm Hg Vapor density (Air*l) --------------Water solubility at 20 C Wt. 2 136 10 3.66 0.015 Specific gravity 20/4C Volatiles. 2 --------- --------------- Evaporation rate (BuAcal) ------------- Melting point, deg C ----------------- Molecular weight ----------------------------- 0.667 ca 100 <1 -95 106.16 Appearance & Odor: Clear, colorless liquid with an aromatic hydrocarbon odor. SECTION IV. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA Flash Point and Method AucolgnitIon Temp. 59 F (15 C) (closed cup! 810 F (432 ) LOWER UPPER Flammability Licits In Air Volume X 1.0 6.7 Extinguishing media: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical or "alcohol" foam. A water spray may be ineffective to put out fire, but may be used to cool fire-exposed container i A stream of water can spread fire of burning liquid. This is a flammable liquid (OSHA Class IB) which can readily form explosive mixtures with air, especially when heated. Heavier-than-alr vapors can flow along surfaces to reach distant ignition sources, and then flash back. Firefighters should use self-contained breathing equipment and eye protection to fight Fires in enclosed places. _________ SECTION V. REACTIVITY DATA This material is stable in storage in closed containers at room temperature. It doee not polymerize. This flanmable material should be kept separated from oxidizing agents, strong sclds and bases and ammonia. Thermal-oxidative degradation can produce toxic products, including carbon monoxide. GENIUM PUBLISHING RSV 0021478 NO. 385 SECTION VI. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION | tlv 100 bob Excessive exposure to vapors will irritate the eyes sad mucous meefcranes of the upper respiratory tract. Sustained high levels can produce headache, depression of the central nervous system, narcosis and coma. Liquid contact Is Irritating to the eyes and irritation and defatting to the skin, leading to dermatitis on prolonged or repeated exposures. Ingestion may lead to aspiration of liquid into the lungs small amounts of aspirated ethyl benzene cause extensive edema and hemorrhaee of lune tissue. FIRST An)| Eve contact: Wash eyes veil vlth olentv of running vater. Cat medical help if irritation persists. Skin contact: Wash exoosed areas of skin. Preamtlv remove contaminated clothins. Inhalation: Remove victim to fresh air. Restore breaching If necessary. Get medical help for serious exposure. Ineestlon: Get prompt medical help! (The daneer of asolratlne ethvl benzene into the lungs indicates medical direction before inducing vomiting.) SECTION VII. SPILL/ LEAK/ AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES Personnel Involved in leak or spill control and clean-up must use protective equip ment to avoid inhalation of vapors and contact with liquid. Eliminate Ignition sources. Provide maximum explosion-proof ventilation. Pick-up spilled material for recovery or disposal. Absorb vlth sand, etc. for dis posal in a sanitary landfill or vlth paper towels or cloths for burning. Water can be used to flush liquid away from sensitive areaa to special catch basins or around, but not to sever or surface vater. DISPOSAL: Scrap material can be burned In approved incinerators in accordance vlth Federal, State and local regulations. SECTION VIII. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION Provide expoloslon-proof general and local exhaust ventilation to meet TLV require ments. Approved respirators must be available for non-routine or emergency use. A full face respirator vlth organic vapor cartridge can be used up to 1000 ppm; a gas mask vlth organic vapor canister can be used up to 5000 ppm* a self-contained respirator is needed for high and unknown concentrations of vapor. Use Impervious gloves and clothing and a faca shield to prevent repeated or prolong* i contact vlth the liquid. Where splashing is possible chemical goggles should be used. Clothing contaminated vlth ethyl benzene should be proopcly removed and not reused until free of the contaminant. Exposures above the action level, liquid contact, or working where fire and exploslc a hazards exist may raqulre instituting employee training, medical surveillance, vapor concentration monitoring, record keeping, etc. when the proposed standard Issues. SECTION IX. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTS Store this material in tightly closed containers in cool, well-ventilated areas, away from oxidizing agents, heat and sources of ignition. Use non-sparking tools around this material. Containers Bust be electrically bonded and grounded for transfers of liquid, Uae safety cans for small amounts. No Smoking! where this material la stored or used. Screen workers for history of kidney, liver, skin and lung problems which could glv increased sensitivity and risk in ethyl benzene exposure. Avoid breathing of vapors and contact with liquid. Do not ingest. Chronic proper- DATA SOURCE(S) CODE: 2-9. 11. 12 MM-- M'Mm m m w uM m mi winae* m APPROVALS: CRD* ------------ Industrial Hygiene jr/i J if\ 'JT" and Safety m m*- Corporate Medical. A . . St*f * ii) GEN1UM PUBLISHING RSV 0021479 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET NO. jru. GENIUM PUBLISHING CORPORATION 1145 CATALYN STREET SCHENECTADY, NY 12903-1636 USA (5IB) 377-8655 MMVM SUSUSHIMO COtf. HYDROCHLORIC ACID Revision A DATE June 1986 SECTION I. MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION MATERIAL NAME:HYDROCHLORIC ACID DESCRIPTION: This material Is a water solution of hydrogen chloride gas. DTHER DESIGNATIONS: Muriatic Acid, Concentrated Hydrochloric Acid, GE Material D4A3, CAS/ 007 647 010, Aqueous Hydrochloric Acid MANUFACTURER: Available from many suppliers. SECTION II. INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS Hydrogen Chloride (HC1) Immppuur rities (depends on sold grade) **iatter Current 05HA PEL end ACG1H (1983) TLV Celling Level. % HAZARD DATA <36 9-hr TVA 5 ppm or Traces 7 mg/mJ (C)* Balance luman, Inhalation LCLo 1300ppm/30 M labbit, Oral J>50 900 mg/Kg 1st, Oral (20oBe ') .D50 700 mg/kg Ubbit, Skin (20Be* J>50 24 H-C SECTION III. PHYSICAL DATA 18Be* Weight I HC1 --------------------------- 27.4 Bolling pt, 1 atm, deg P--------- -- 208 Freezing point, deg F (approx) -- -43 Specific gravity, 60/60 F ---------- 1.142 Vap. Press., 25C, HCl/Total, an Hg *v7/15 20Be' 31.4 162 -63 1.162 'V25/33 22Be1 35. i 144 -86 1.179 ^7/92 23Be' if A 123 -101 1.189 M86/190 All stacerlals are completely water soluble with MOOZ volatiles and pH <1. Appearance & Odor: Clear, colorless to It. yellow, fuming* liquid with e pungent, lrriti ,r,Ins ox--tS-op HC1 detected^by,smell; 5-10 ppm is disagreeable. *HlgTner cone, tene to Be fuming liquids at room temperature. SECTION IV. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA lower Upper Poim end Avtoemtien Temp. limit, m Air N/A N/A N/A Extinguishing nedla: Select that suitable for surrounding firs. Use e water spray to cool fire exposed containers to prevent rupture. Nonfleasable, but acid can react with many metals, such ss Iron, to produce flammable hydrogen gas. (Flammable cone, may accumulate Inside metal equipment.) Neutralize acid with limestone, slaked lime or soda ash to minimize formation of potentially explosive hydrogen gas. fnillggt!S^Vfl^0^^tf5^."clf-c0nt*lneci breachln8 apparatus SECTION V. REACTIVITY DATA ftis material Is stable when properly contained and handled. It la a strong mineral acid and Is, thus, highly reactive with materials such as metals, metal oxides, hydroxides, amines, carbonates and other alkaline materials. Ie Is highly corrosive to many aterlal*; It must have proper containment for handling and storage. t liberates significant levele of HC1 gas by vapor pressure at room temperature when concentrated end large amounts of HC1 when heated. Reaction with moat metals will produce flamnsble hydrogen gee. Incompatible with materials such as cyanides, sulfides, sulfites and formaldehyde (may release HCN, HjS, S0j, blschloromsrhyl ether, respectively). aswm wsaiv GENIUM PUBLISHING RSV 0021480 NO--------- 301 SECTION VI. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION UV 5 ppm Celling Level (aa HC1) *queoua HCl and its vapors are strong irritants of the eyes, mucous membranes, and akin. Severity of eye injury fro splashes [fro* Irritation to severe burns] depend* on quantity, cone, and duration of contact. Excessive acute exposure to SCI vapots/mlsts promptly irritates the upper respiratory tract and can result in coughing, burning of the throat, choking sensation and, if inhaled deeply, pulmonary edema. Prolonged or repeated low level exposure may causa teeth erosion. Skin expoaure can cause burns; repeated or prolonged exposure to dilute soln. may cause dermatitis. Ingestion can cause severe burns and possible laryngeal spasm. FIRST AID; Eye Contact; Contact phyaicianl Immediately flush with running water for IS min. including under eyelids. Skin Contact; Flush affected area veil with water. Remove grossly contaminated clothing under safety shower. Get medical help if large akin area contacted or if irritation persists. Inhalation; Remove to fresh air. Restore and/or support breathing as needed. Use 0 therapy for coughing, difficult breathing. Get medical help. Keep warm snd at rest. InRMtion: If victim is conscious, give 2-3 glasses of water, then milk of magnesia or llmevater. Contact physician! Do not induce vomiting! SECTION VII. SPILL. LEAK, AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES Report large spills to safety personnel. Evacuation may be needed: keep upwind. Remove sources of ignition if H# Is a hazard. Provide optimum ventilation. Those Involved in clean-up of large spills must use full protective clothing, boots, and self-contained . breathing apparatus. Small spills and residues can be covered with excess of a mlxturs of soda ash and slaked lime to neutralize, and the Blurry picked up for landfill burial or flushed with much water. lontain large spills. Collect or flush with water to holding area for neutralisation. Do not flush directly to sever or surface waters. DISPOSAL: Dispose of acid via licensed contractor or neutralise with limestone, soda lSh"Dr slaked lime. Flushing to sewer depends on allowable neutral salt concentrations Ia.n..c..'i..d.e...f.<.f.l.c.u...e.n..n.e..t.u...tw.r..a.a. ltiezre. Faolkllaowlir *nd Loc*1 SECTION vm. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION srovid adequate exhaust ventilation to meet TLV requirements. Face velocity of hoods should exceed 100 lffe. Use approved respirator or self-contained breathing apparatus for emergency or non-routine conditions with full fsceplece above SO ppm. Those handling hydrochloric acid should use protective clothing and equipment to prevent body contact with the liquid. Use rubber gloves or gauntlets, apron, boots, long sleeved shirt, body suit, etc. Use chemical safety goggles and/or face shield for eye protection against splashing of acid. An eyewash station, washing facilities, and safety shower must be readily available to areas of use and handling. SECTION IX. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTS Store closed containers out of dlrsct sunlight, in s clean, cool, open or well-ventilated area, away from oxidizing agents, away from alkaline material and sources of heat. Area should havs acid resistant floor and approved drainage. Protect containers from physical damage. Use nonaparklng tools in areas around tanka and pipe* where hydrogen might be Us!*vlthCgood ventilation. Avoid inhalation of HCl vapors. Odor of HCl gives adequate warning for a prompt voluntary withdrawal from excessive exposure. Do not get in eyes or on skin or clothing. Wash thoroughly after handling. Provide emergency neutralization materials and equipment near storage and use areas. DOT Classification: CORROSIVE MATERIAL IMO Class 8 I.D. No. UN1789 DATA SOURCI(S) CODE: 1-12, 14-1 6,27,31,34,37,31 -49 Label: CORROSIVE APPROVALS: MIS/CRO Q , fa INDUST. HYGIENE/SAFETr xfc MEDICAL REVIEW: 15 June 1964 CEN1UM PUBLISHING RSV 0021481 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET GENIUM PUBLISHING CORPORATION 1145 CATALYN ST.. SCHENECTADY, NY 12303 USA (511) 377-8854 P MSDS 9 C iS4 WTHYL ALCOHOL Revision C From Ceniurr't MSDS CoIUcimb. to be weed at a reference._______________________ ___ KeviMd: September, 19BS SECTION 1. MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION 17 MATERIAL NAME: METHYL ALCOHOL OTHER DESIGNATIONS: Methanol, Mood Alcohol, Carbinol, Mood Naphtha. Methyl Hydroxide. Monohydroxy Methane, CH.OH, CAS *67-56-1 MANUFACTURER/SUPPLIER: Available from several auppllera, including; E.1. DuPont DeNeaoura C Co. (302- 774-2290 Chemical* a Pigments Dept (800) 441-9442 1007 Market St. Wilmington, DE 19898 SECTION 2. INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS METHYL ALCOHOL % ca 100 CHj-OH Current OSHA Standard; ACGIH (1985*86) TLV adds (skin) notation. N10SH has recommended a TMA standard of 200 ppa with a fifteen ainute ceiling of 800 ppa. This ceiling is well above the TLV STEL of 2S0 ppa HAZARD DATA 8 hr TMA: 200 ppa, or 260 ag/a5* (Skin) STEL: 2S0 ppa, or 310 ag/a5 HUMAN Eye: 5 ppa, primary irritation dose Orel: LDLo: 340 ag/kg Inhalation: TCLo: 86,000 ag/a* - Toxic irritant effects (systemic) SECTION 3. PHYSICAL DATA Boiling Point, 1 eta .................. .. 148.5 F (64.7WC) Vapor density (Air*!) .................. 1.11 Vapor pressure 21C, antig ... 100 S0C. eafig ... 400 Mater Solubility ............................. Totally Kiscible Viscosity I 20VC, cps ....... 0.S9 Specific gravity, 20/4C ... 0.791 Melting point ................................ -144F (*97.8C) Volatiles, % .................................. ca 100 Evaporation rate (BuAc>l) ... S.9 Molecular weight ......................... 32.04 APPEARANCE 6 ODOR: Clear, colorless, highly polar liquid with a characteristic alcohol odor. The odor recognition threshold (100% of test panel) is 53.3 ppa SECTION 4. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA Flash Point and Method Avoignibae Temp. 60.8F (12C) cl0Se(J Cup 72SF (38SC) Flammability Limits in Air % by Volume Lower Upper 36.5 EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: Use carbon dioxide, dry chemical, or alcohol type foea. Do not use a solid streaa of water since the streaa will scatter and spread the fire. Use water spray to cool fire-exposed tanks/ containers. Fires involving Methyl Alcohol are Class IB; use a blanketing effect to smother fire. Methyl Alcohol is a moderate explosion hazard and a dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, sparks, flame or oxidizers. Its vapors are heavier then air and may travel e considerable distance to an ignition source and flashback. Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing when fighting fires involving Methyl Alcohol. SECTION 5. REACTIVITY DATA Methyl Alcohol is stable in closed containers at rooa temperature under normal storage and handling conditions. It does not undergo hazardous polymerization. This aaterial may react violently with chromic anhydride; iodine plus ethyl alcohol, and mercuric oxide; lead perchlorate; perchloric acid plus ethyl alcohol; dimethyl foraaaide plus phosphorous; potassiua hydroxide plus chloTloform; sodium hydroxide plus chloroform. It may also react with metallic aluainua at high temperatures. Methyl Alcohol is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents (eg., nitrates, perchlorate or sulfuric acid), active metals, acetaldehyde, ethylene oxide, isocyanates, berylliua dihydride, chloroform, and potassim tert-butoxide. It may attack soae forms of plastics and rubber. Thermal decomposition or burning will produce carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and possible toxic formaldehyde and unbumed methanol. RSV 0021482 GENIUM PUBLISHING Revised: 9/85 MSDS / G 3S4 jf..--i MTTHYt- ALCOHOL fRev. Cl l SECTION 6. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION tlv 200 ppm (skin) or 260 eg/1 Methanol is a poisonous, narcotic cheaical that may exert its effects through inhalation, skin absorption, or ingestion. Elimination of Methanol from the body Is slow, and the toxic effects can be compounded by repeated excessive exposures over several days. Toxic effects are exerted upon the CNS, especially the optic nerve and possibly the retinae. Syaptoas of overexposure include dizziness, visual impairment, nausea, respiratory failure, muscular incoordination and narcosis. Visual disturbances aay dear temporarily then reocrur and progress to blindness. Prolonged or repeated contact with the skin aay cause dermatitis, erythema, and scaling. Vapors of Methanol are mildly irritating to the eyes, while direct contact with the liquid may cause irritation, pain and transient corneal opacity. Ingestion of Methanol can cause blindness and death. Th fatal dose is 100-250 ml, although death from ingestion of less than 53 ml has been reported. FIRST AID: EYE CONTACT: Immediately flush eyes, including under eyelids, with plenty of running water for at least 15 minutes. Get medical attention if irritation persists. SKIN CONTACT: Flush exposed area with water while removing contaminated clothing. Wash with soap and water. Get medical attention if irritation persists. INHALATION: Remove victim to fresh air. Restore and/or support breathing as needed. Get medical help (Inplant Paramedic, community). INGESTION: Give victim 3-4 glasses of water or milk and induce vomiting by sticking finger to back of throat. Contact a Poison Control Center or physician. Transport victim to a medical facility immediately. To not induce vomiting or give anything to drink if victim is unconscious or having convulsions. Get medical attention (Inplant, paramedic, community). SECTION 7. SPILL, LEAK AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES Notify safety personnel of large spills or leaks. Remove all sources of heat and ignition. Provide maximum explosion-proof ventilation. Evacuate all personnel from the area except for those involved in clean-up. Remove leaking container to safe place if feasible. Clean-up personnel should wear protective clothing, gloves, boots, and a self-contained breathing apparatus. Absorb small quantities on paper towel, vermieulite, or other absorbent and place in closed container for disposal. Dike large spills and collect foT reclamation or disposal. Water spray may be used to knock down vapor and to dilute and flush spill away from sensitive areas. Do not flush to sewer. Keep out of watersheds and wateiways. DISPOSAL: Place in suitable container for disposal by a licensed contractor or burn in an approved incinera tor. Waste solvent may be reclaimed via filtration and distillation procedures. Methyl Alcohol has been designated as a hazardous waste by the EPA (RCRA CFR 261.35). The EPA Hazardous Waste No. is U1S4. Aquatic Toxicity Rating: TLm96: Over _1Q00 ppm. SECTION 8. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION Provide general and local exhaust ventilation (explosion-proof) to meet TLV requirements. For emergency or non-routine exposures where the TLV may be exceeded, wear an appropriate NIOSH-approved respirator. All electrical service in use or storage areas should have an explosion-proof design. Prevent skin and eye contact by wearing rubber gloves and splash goggles or safety glasses. Use protective aprons, boots and face shield as necessary when splashing may occur. Eyewash stations and safety showers should be available in areas of use and handling. Provide suitable training to those working with Methanol. Monitor the workplace and keep accurate records. Contact lenses pose a special hazard; soft lenses may absorb and all lenses concentrate irritants. SECTION 9. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTS Store in tightly closed containers in a dry, well-ventilated area away from strong oxidizing agents, heat, sparks and open flame. Protect container from physical damage. When transferring or pouring Methyl Alcohol, ground and bond containers and equipment to prevent static sparks. Use non-sparking tools. Do not smoke in areas of use or storage. Use with adequate ventilation. Do not breathe vapors. Avoid contact with eyes and skin. This material is poisonous when introduced into the body metabolism. DO NOT INGEST 11 I Provide preplacement medical exams and periodic medical surveillance for industrially exposed workers with emphasis on neurological and visual functions, liveT, and kidney systems. DOT CLASSIFICATION: Flaaaable liquid, UN1230 DOT LABEL: Flammable liquid. DATA SOUKCEfS) CODE (See Gkouary) 1, 2, 4-12, 16, 19, 20, 23-26, 31, 34, 37-39, 43, 47, 63, 79. R. APPROVALS u/e>* JOA VSSIM GENIUM PUBLISHING Copyright September 1. 1985 RSV 0021483 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET GEN1UM PUBUSHING CORPORATION 1145 CATALYN ST.. SCHENECTADY, NY 12303 USA (318) 377-8834 From Genium's MSDS CoHactioa. to be mad a reference. P MSDS t C 310 METHYLENE CHLORIDE Revision E lined: Revised: September. 1985 SECTION I. MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION it MATERIAL NAME: METHYLENE CHLORIDE (Revision E) OTHER DESIGNATIONS: Dichloromethane, FREON 30, Methane Dichloride, CH^Cl^; CAS*7$-09-2. MANUFACTURER/SUPPLIER: Available from many suppliers, including: Dow Chemical USA 2020 Dow Canter Midland. Ml 46640 (S17) 636-1000 SECTION 2. INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS METHYLENE CHLORIDE 7 H-- C -Cl t Cl ACGIH TLV/TWA (198S-86). 0SHA PEL is 500 ppm with a ceiling of 1000 an< a permissible peak exposure of 2000 ppm for 5 minutes per any two-hour period. N10SH recommends a 10 hr. TWA or 75 ppm with a ceiling concentration of 500 ppm (15 minute TWA). NJOSH also warns that toxic hazards associatet with exposure to methylene chloride are increased by the presence of alcohol and/nr carbon monoxide and bv heavy lahoT and smokinr. SECTION 3. PHYSICAL DATA % ca 100 HAZARD DATA 8 hr TWA: 100 ppm ot 350 mg/m * Human, Inhalation: TCLo: 500 ppm/8 hr. (Blood effects) TCLo: S00 ppm/ 1 year-I (CNS effects) Rat, Oral: LDS0: 2000 mg/kg Boiling point, 1 atm ...................... ......... 104F (40C) Vapor pressure 1 20C, anaHg .... ......... 340 Vapor density (Airl) .................... ......... 2.9 Solubility in water, wt. 1 1 20c C ... *vl.6 Specific gravity, 25/2SC .... 1.32 Volatiles, % .................................... ca 100 Evaporation rate (00**1) ... 1.47 Freezing point ............................... -140.8F (-96C) Molecular weight ......................... 84.94 APPEARANCE 6 ODOR: Colorless lie uid with a penetrating ether-like, sweetish odor. The unfatigued recognitior threshold for 100% of test panel is 214 ppm. SECTION 4. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA Flash Point aad Method Aiaoignioon Temp. Flammability Limits ib Air Lower Upper None (T.C.C.) 1031F (555CC1 Vol % at 100C in 0-, 12 66.4 EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: Use extinau ashing media that are appropriate for the surrounding fire. Use water spray to cool fire-exposed tanks/conta iners. When heated, methylene chloride forms weakly combustible mixtures in air. It will form flammable and explosive mixtures in an oxygen-enriched atmosphere. Methylene chloride has a high vapor pressure; when spil led, its vapor concentration in air may increase rapidly. Containers of methylene chloride may rupture v iolently during a fire. . firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus with face piece and full protective clothing, Vapors of methylene chloride can flow to low-lying areas. SECTION 5. REACTIVITY DATA This material is stable at rope teaperature under normal storage and handling conditions. It does not under go haiardous polymerization. Methylene chloride is incompatible with alkali aetals including sodium- potassiua alloy, finely powdered aluminum and magnesium, n-Methyl-n-nitroso-urea, and potassiua hydroxide, and potassiua tart-butoxide. Contact with these materials nay cause violent reaction or explosion. Pro longed exposure to water may cause noticeable hydrolysis to hiehly corrosive hydrochloric acid when tempera ture is above 60C. Avoid contact with oxidizing agents and caustics. In organic-enriched atmospheres or when heated (>100C1 vannrs may be readilv ignited. to high temperatures (from open flames, hot surfaces, welding arcs, etc.) can produce corrosive and toxic thermal oxididative decomposition products 'ch as hydrogen chloride and small quantities of phosgene. _____________________________ _____ r pj wn i RSV 0021484 CENWM PUBLISHING MSDS 9 c 3io Revised: 9/BS Unied - METHYLENE CHLORtnF. (Rev. E) SECTION 6. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION TLV joo ppm (see Section 2) Methylene Chloride enters the body mainly by inhalation and skin absorption. Vapors of methylene chloride are narcotic and may cause toxic encephalopathy. Excessive inhalation of vapor (300-700 ppa for 3-S hrs.) causes slight loss of coordination and equilibrium Symptoms of overexposure can also include dizziness, nausea, tingling of extremities, stupor, lethargy, convulsions and diminished vision. Severe exposures aay cause unconsciousness and death. Syaptoas of overexposure to methylene chloride are usually delayed in onset The liquid is irritating to the eyes and aay cause bums if not pronely removed. Prolonged or repeated con tact with the skin aay cause redness, irritation, dermatitis, frostbite or bums. It aay be absorbed through the skin in toxic amounts. Ingestion of methylene chloride causes irTitation of the gastrointestinal tract and symptoms resembling those free inhalation of vapor. Long-term exposure to aild or moderate doses of aethylene chloride aay cause delayed onset (24-48 hrs.) of dizziness, headache, mental confusion, slurred speech, double vision and sleeplessness. Medical recovery Bar be slow. NOTE: Methylene chloride is stored body fat and metabolites to carbon nonoxide, which increases and sustains carboxyheaoglobin levels in the blood, reducing its oxygen-carrying capacity. It aay damage the liver, kidneys, or blood. Alert medical attendants to its secondary hazard. FIRST AID: EYE CONTACT: Promptly flush eyes, including under eyelids, with naming water for at least IS minutes. Get nedics1 attention if irritation persists (in-plant, paramedic, or coaauiity). SKIN CONTACT: Flush exposed area with water while removing contaminated clothing. Get medical attention if irritation persists. INHALATION: Remove to fresh air. Restore and/or support breathing (0. therapy) as required. Keep warn and at rest. Get medical help. Advise physician not_ to use adrenalin. INGESTION: Get pro^t medical help! Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs spontaneously, position victim's head below trunk to resist aspiration hazard. Advise physician not to use adrenalin. SECTION 7. SPILL, LEAK AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES Notify safety personnel of Urge spills or leaks. Remove all sources of heat and ignition. Provide maxima explosion-proof ventilation. Evacuate all personnel from the area except for those involved in cleen-up. Remove leaking container to safe place if feasible. Absorb small spills with an absorbent material such as paper towel or vermiculite. Evaporate off solvent in an exhaust hood and place absorbent in a closed container for disposal. Dike large spills and collect for recovery or disposal. Pick up residue with absorbent (as with small spills) or flush to ground (not to sewer) to evaporate. Clean-t? personnel should wear respiratory equipment and protective clothing to prevent inhalation of vapor and contact with skin/cyes DISPOSAL: Reclaim waste solvent by filtration and distillation procedures. Place in closed containers for d isposal by a licensed contractor, or bum in an approved incinerator. /tethylene chloride is designated as a hazardous waste by the EPA. The EPA (RCRA) H.N. No. is 080 (40CFRJ61) SECTION 8. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION Provide general and local exhaust ventilation (explosion-proof) to meet TLV requirements. Floor level venti lation and sump ventilation may also be necessary. For emergency ot non-routine exposures, wear an appro priate NIOSH-approved respirator. All electrical service in use or storage areas should have an explosionproof design. When handling liquid, wear neoprene, PVA, or vitren gloves and safety glasses. In case of leak or spill or unusual handling where repeated or prolonged contact may occut, use protective clothing, apron, boots, and splash goggles or face shield as necessary. Remove contaminated clothing promptly and do not reuse until it has been properly laimdered. Eye wash stations and safety showers should be readily available in use and handling areas. Contact lenses pose a special hazard; soft lenses absorb; all lenses concentrate irritant: NOTE: CO and Ct^Clj content of workplace air are additive and both must be monitored where methylene chloride exposures occur. Preplacement and annual physical exams should emphasize the nervous and respiratory systems liver, kidneys, skin, eyes and carboxyhemoglobin levels. Those with a history of cardiovascular disease or who are heavy drinkers or smokers should avoid exposure to this material. SECTION 9. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTS Store in closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from combustibles and sources of heat and ignition. Open containers slowly and with caution. Protect containers from physical damage. Keep containers and storage tanks free of water and moist air. Be careful when handling this compound. Use only with adequate ventilation. Don't breathe vapors. Avoid contact with eyes, skin and clothing, tfhen methylene chloride vapors are drawn into the coafeustion chamber of a space heater, severe corrosion damage to the heat er can occur, even at levels well below the TLV. LARC Review (1979) listed animal carcinogenic determination as indefinite. A substantial risk notice to EPA (T5CA, Be) reports a high incidence of lung and liver tumors in mice in long-term inhalation studies at 2000-4000 ppm (1984, preliminary). DOT CLASSIFICATION: 0RM-A DOT 1.0. No. UN1S93 LABEL: None (or St. Andrew's Cross) IMP CUSS: 6.1 S>CODE (Set Gkaianr) 1-12, 14, lfe, 23. 2S, 31, 34, 37, 38. 47, 4B.R. APPROVALS 31 INDUST. HYC1ENE/S5AFETY JOA S/SSIM MEDICAL REVIEW GENIUM PUBLISHING j Copyright September 1, 198S RSV 0021485 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET NO. 1156 GENIUM PUBLISHING CORPORATION 1145 CATALYN STREET SCHENECTADY. NY 12303-1636 USA (518) 377-8855 NEU-TRI SOLVENT OSMIUM SUSUSMIMO COt4. Dace September 1978 SECTION I. MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION MATERIAL NAME: NEU-TRI SOLVENT DESCRIPTION: Trichloroethylene vltb up to 32 of proprietary stabilizer mixture OTHER DESIGNATIONS: Stabilized Trichloroethylene: TCE, Stab111zed; GE Material D5BS6D CASi 000 079 016 MANUFACTURES: Dov Chemical Company Midland. MI 48640 Telephone: (517) 636-4400 SECTION II. INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS Trichloroethylene (See also MSDSf 312) Proprietary Stabilizer Mixture* HA2ARO DATA >95 8-hr TWA 100 ppm** < 3 Nona established Stabilizer include* several compounds. Including amine* and epoxlea; eplchlorohydrin (ACGIB, 1978, TLV change to 2 ppm) Is present at leas than 0.52 in this blend. **NI0SH (1978) ha* requested OSHA to lover this exposure level because of evidence of a potential carcinogenic h*raMzardvatMom. an. TLV of 25 ppm was indicated as readily SECTION III. PHYSICAL DATA TCE Human, Inhalation. TCLo 160 ppm/83 minutea (central nervous system) Bolling point at 1 atm, deg C ----------- Vapor preasura at 20 C, m Bg -- Vapor density (Alr*l)----- ----------------- ------ Solubility In inter at 25 C, g/100 g - 87 66 4.5 0.1 Specific gravity at 25 C V---o--l--a----ti--le--s|, mZm Evaporation rate (CCI4-I) 1.46 - ca 100 ------------ ca 0.7 Appearance 4 Odor: A colorleaa liquid vlth a sweet, ether-like odor SECTION IV. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA Flashpoint and Method Autolenltlon Temp. TFlaamability Limits In Air None 786 F Volume 2 at 100 C LOVER 7/8 UPPER 32 Extinguishing madia: Utter fog This material la generally considered nencombuatlble; however, at vapor temperatures above 50 C In air it can be made to burn. Firefighters must use self-contained breathing apparatus when this material la involved in a fire situation. SECTION V. REACTIVITY DATA This material la stable wider normal conditions of handling and storage. The stabilizer content is required against oxidation, degradation and polymerisation when h*ted (as in s vapor dagreaaer) or exposed to sunlight. High energy exposure, such as a welding ere or open flame can generacs phosgene (toxle) and HC1. It will react with strong alkali <K or NaOH) to form explosive ehloroacetyleae, but sodi aah dees not react in thla manner. Llumlnum chloride can catalyze the polymerization of trichloroethylene. CESIUM PUBLISHING RSV 0021486 SECTION VI* HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION NO. 1156 | tlv 100 ppm (Set Sect. II) excessive inhalation causes irritation of respiratory passages and can produce headache, dizziness, nausea, unconsciousness and even death. Eye exposure to vapor can be Irri tating and to liquid is irritating and causes minor corneal Injury. Prolonged or re peated contact with the skin produces irritation and dermatitis. Direct, confined skin contact can cause burns. Ingestion irritates the Cl trset and produces narcosis; un consciousness and kidney failure can occur in severe cases. FIRST AID; Eve contact: Flush issnedlately with plenty of running water. Continue washing eyes for at least 15 minutes; then get prompt medical attention. Skin contact: Promptly remove contaminated clothing. Wash exposed areas with soap and water. Inhalation; Remove to fresh air; restore breaching if required. Keep at rest snd warm. Ienediacely consult physician. (Advise him not to give adrenalin.) Ingestion; Do not Induce vomiting! Get immediate medical help. (Warn physician not to use adrenalin.) SECTION VII. SPILL, LEAK, AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES Evacuate area; provide maximum ventilation; eliminate ignition sources. Confine spill; do not allow to run to sewer. Pick up spill with vacuum or an absorbent solid and store in closed container for disposal. Notify safety personnel for large spills. Clean-up personnel should use protection against inhalation of vapors and contact with liquid. DISPOSAL; Send to a reclaimer to recover TCE, or dispose of adsorbed material in an ap proved landfill, or burn waste in an approved incinerator with HC1 scrubber. Follow Federal, State and local regulations. SECTION VIII. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION Provide general ventilation and local exhaust ventilation to meet TLV requirements. Do rot use in confined ares without proper ventilation or respirator use. Approved respir ators should be available for emergency snd non-routine use. Above 1000 ppm or for un known concentrations use approved self-contained or air-supplied breathing apparatus. Use full facepiece cartridge (1-2 hrs max) or cannisrer respirator for exposures above the TLV or ceiling limit (300 ppm for 5 minutes in any 2 hours). Prevent prolonged or repeated skin contact by use of neoprene gloves sod, where splashing is possible, an apron. Use splash-proof goggles for eye protection. Gas-tight goggles should be used by maintenance and emergency personnel. An eye wash station should be available where splashing is probable. Provide adequate ventilation to sumps and low areas to disperse any collection of heavy TCE vapot SECTION IX. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTS Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place away from high temperature sources. No smok ing in storage or use areas. Store away from strong acids or bases. Only trained personnel should operate a degresser with this material. Monitor stabilizer level (see supplier). Avoid collecting aluminum fines or chips in a vapor degTeaser. TCE continues to be under study as s suspected carcinogen in man. Exercise due caution in use. Avoid akin contact. Avoid breathing vapors. Preclude from exposure chose with prior disease of the lungs, liver, kidneys, or central nervous system. surveillance snd biological monitoring is recommended. DATA SOURCE(S) COPE: 1-4. 6. 8. 12 MIS, _A_P__P_R_O__V_A__L_S_:_ CRD Industrial Hygiene and Safety Medical Corporate Med Staff GENJUM PUBLISHING RSV 0021487 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET NO. 517 GENIUM PUBLISHING CORPORATION 1145 CATALYN STREET SCHENECTADY, NY 12303-1636 USA (516) 377-8855 OfNiuM pvsushino cote. PDTTACHLOROPHENOL DATE October 1983 SECTION I. MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION MATERIAL NAME: PENTACHLOROPHENOL DESCRIPTION: Wood preservative end fungicide, algaclde In cooling towers. OTHER DESIGNATIONS: PCP, Phenchlorol, Penta, CAS #000 087 865, C*C1,0H MANUFACTURER: Available from several auppllers. V43` SECTION II. INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS % HAZARD DATA Pentachlorophenol (Purified)* 1-hr TWA 0.5 mg/mJ (skin)** Composition varies with each industrial batch. PCP is about 90S for commercial material with major impurities tetrachlorophenol and hydroxychlorodiphenyl ethers. Low level contamination by certain chlorinated dioxins and dibenaofurans may be responsible for some toxic effects of comerclal PCP, such as chloroacae.* Current 0SHA PEL ^nd ACCIH (1983) TLV. The ACCIH STEL Is 1.5 mg/m . *2,3,7,8-TCDD is not e contaminate. SECTION III. PHYSICAL DATA lumen. Oral LDLo 29 mg/kg 1st, Oral LD50 50 mg/kg tat. Inhalation U>5) 1170 ug/kg tat. Oral, 9D preg. TDLo 60 rng/kg TFXrTfe Bolling point, 1 acm deg C (decomposes) - 310 Vapor pressure, mm Hg (? 20C -------------------- 0.0001 <? 100C ------------------- 0.12 Vapor density (Alr*l) ------------------------------------- 9.2 Solubility In water, ppm 0 2DC ------14 Specific gravity, 22/4C 1.978* Melting point, deg C -- 191* Molecular weight ------ 266.35 Log octanol/water partition coeff. ------------------- 5.01 Appearance and Odor: White flake, needle-like crystals or block form; pungent odor only when hot. (Technical grades dark g^ey to brown). Good warning properties PurfF^ef C^SP. ^af?ies for Pvpfcaf Cconmfrcial products can be SCI.85 and m.p. 188-1B9C SECTION IV. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA Fkeih Pemi and Mathad Av><4nion Tama None* Limit, in Air Not combustible* Lower Upper Extinguishing media: Use that appropriate for surrounding fire: Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam, water spray. Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. When involved in e fire. It emits toxic fumes. Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. The neat material is not combustible. However, wood treating la preformed using 52 PCP soln. In petroleum solvents (mineral spirits, kerosine) which are combustible. SECTION V. REACTIVITY DATA This Is a stable material In closed containers at room temperature undeT normal storage and handling conditions. It does not polymerize, weak acid which forms salts In slkellne solutions. Solutions subjected to sunlight or ultraviolet light undergo photochemical degradation. Theraal-oxldatlve degradation products include vapors of hydrogen chloride and chlorine- containing compounds. Omrm C w GENIUM PUBLISHING RSV 0021480 NO. 517 SECTION VI. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION 1 **-v0.5 ng/n^ (gkin) (See Sect IX) Unacclimated Individuals exposed co dust or sprays (cone. >1.0 mg/m3) can experience irritation to the upper respiratory tract (coughing 4 sneezing), eyes (tearing) and skin. Readily absorbed through the skin causing systemic injury. The risk of serious intoxication is increased in hot weather. Skin contact causes Irritation, dermatitis, and seneforn (believed mainly from impurities in PC?). Solutions as dilute as IZ can cause skin irritation upon prolonged or repeated contact. Symptoms from excessive exposure include anorexia, fever, profuse sweating, increased respiration, muscular weakness, hyperglycemia, weight loss and heart failure. FIRST AID: Eye Contact: Flush thoroughly with running wster for 15 min. Including under eyelids. Skin Contacts Remove contaminated clothing^ Wash affected area with aoap and water. Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. Ingestion: Clve several glasses of water to drink. Induce vomiting. Control rising body temp, with ice-cold towels or cold water bath. Get prompt medical help for further treatment, observation and support after first aid. SECTION VII. SPILL. LEAK. AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES Notify safety personnel. Provide ventilation. Clean-up workers need full protection against inhalation of vapors and contact with solid or solution. Collect solution spill with absorbent solid and place in metal container for disposal. Wash residue with soap and water. Prevent spills from entering sewers, streams, and open waters. DISPOSAL: Waste material can be burled in an approved landfill or dissolved In a flamma ble solvent, and burned in an approved, high temperature (>600C) incinerator using an afterburner and scrubber for HC1 abatement. Follow Federal, State, and Local regulations XPA(CWA) RQ is 10 lbs (40 CFR 117); EPA(RCRA) HW No. U242 (40CFR261), AQUATIC TOXICITY TLm 24 (fathead minnow): 0.33 mg/L SECTION VIII. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION Provide general end local exhaust ventilation to meet TLV requirements. When needed a chemical cartridge respirator wi^h a dust, mist and fine filter and organic vapor cartridge can be used to 25 mg/o a full facepiece is needed >2.5 mg/m3.^Approved, self' contained, positive pressure, bresthing apparatus can be used to 150 mg/a . Use impervious gloves, boots, protective clothing, etc. to avoid skin contact vleh liquid. Use chemical safety goggles with a faceshleld If splashing is possible. Contaminated clothing to be removed and laundered before reuse. Showering after vorkshlft with a complete change to street clothes is desirable. Use separated lockers for street clothes Eyewash stations and washing facilities should be available near use areas. Preplacement and periodic physical exams should emphasize cardlovasular system, eyes, upper respiratory tract, liver, kidneys and skin. Provide training to those working with PCP ._________________________________________________________________________ ---- SECTION IX. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTS btore in closed containers m a cool. Cry, well-ventilated, low tire hazard area away from sources of heat and combustible materials. Protect containers from physical damage. Outside or detached storage preferred. Accumulated sludge at the bottom of dipping tanka may concentrate toxic impurities at much higher levels than original product. Avoid inhalation of vapors, dust or fumes. Avoid eye or skin contact. Do not ingest. Wash thoroughly after handling and follow good personal hygiene practices. PCP can be embryotoxlc and teratogenic in test animals. No safe exposure level for pregnant women la established at this time. (See AIHA Journal ^3, pp 799-810, 1982). DOT Classification: 0RM-E I.D. No. NA2020 Label: POISON DATA SOURCES) CODE: 2-14,16,20,23,27,31,34,37,38,46-49; DHHS(NIOSH) Publ. #83-106. APPROVALS: MIS/CRD JL trt - INDUS!. HYGIENE/SAFETY MEDICAL REVIEW: September 1983 CENIUM PUBLISHING RSV 0021489 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET GENIUM PUBLISHING CORPORATION J145 CATALYN ST., SCHENECTADY, NY 12303 USA (51B) 377-8854 From Gcnum't M5DS Collection. te be wed at a reference. MSDS 9 <L3bS PHENOL (Revision B) Issued: September, 1980 Revised: September, 1985 SECTION I. MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION 17 MATERIAL NAME: PHENOL OTHER DESIGNATIONS: Carbolic Acid, Hydrobenzene, Oxybenzene, Phenic acid, Phenylic acid, Phenyl alcohol. CAS *000 108 952, C^OH MANUFACTURER/SUPPLIER: Available from many suppliers, including; Dow Chemical USA 2020 Dow Center Midland HI 46640 (517) 636-1000 SECTION 2. INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS Phenyl Hydrate, Phenyl hydroxide % HAZARD DATA PHENOL -O' OH Current OSHA PEL and ACGIH TLV/STEL (1984-85) (Skin) notation indicate: a potential contribution to overall exposure via absorption through the skin. NI0SH recommends a 10 hr. TWA of 20 mg/m^ with a ceiling of 60 mg/m3 for any 15 minute period. ca 100 8 hr TWA: 5 ppm, 19 mg/*3 (Skin) STEL:^ 10 ppm, 38 g/m_ Human, Oral LDLo: 140 mg/kg Rat, oral LDLo: 414 mg/kg Rat. skin LD50: 669 mg/kg SECTION 3. PHYSICAL DATA Boiling Point 8 1 atm ........................... 359.4 F (161.9 C) Vapor pressure 25C ........................... 0.35 VapoT density (Airl) ........................ 3.24 Solubility in water (4 by wt.) ... 8.4 8 20C (Sol. in all proportion 8 temp. >66C) APPEARANCE 8 ODOR: White crystalline solid with a charac-. teristic sharp medicinal sweet, tangy odor which is de tectable above 0.05 ppm. Phenol turns pink or red if it contains impurities or if it is exoosedjto heat_or light- SECTION 4. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA Fltsh Pain and Method Autoifmtkm Temp. Specific Gravity (H201): Solid: 1.017 8 2S/4C Liquid: 1.0S76 8 41/4C Melting point .................................. 109.4F (45C) Volatiles, % by vol 8 20C .. Ca 100 Evaporation Tate (BuAc-1) ... <0.03 Viscosity. CPS, 8 80C............. 1.S1 Molecular weight ........................... 94.12 Flammability Limits in Air Lower Upper 175F (79C) C.C. 1319F (71SC) \ by volume 1.5 8.6 EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical, or alcohol type foam. Do not use a solid stream of water since the stream will scatter and spread the fire. Use water spray to cool fire-exposed tanks/containers. Phenol presents a moderate fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers. When heated, it remits toxic fumes and vapors which will form explosive mixtures with air. Solid phenol bums with difficulty, giving off a heavy smoke. Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing when fighting fires involving phenol. NOTE: Water containing phenol can cause severe chemical bums. Section 5. reactivity data This material is stable at room temperature under normal handling and storage conditions. It does not undergo hazardous polymerization. Phenol is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and halogens. Reaction with calcium hypochlorite is exothermic and produces toxic fumes which may ignite. Hot phenol is corrosive to many metals, including aluminum, lead, magnesium, and 2inc. Reaction with these materials causes phenol to become discolored. Do not heat phenol above 122F (90C). Thermal decomposition or burning produces oxides of carbon and water. ' cmxtm c- < RSV 0021490 ___________________________ I GENIUM PUBLISHING Revised 9/85 MSDS t G 5 . 9/$Q _ PHENOL fRev M SECTION 6. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION 5 ppm or 19 ng/a^ (Skin) Theno" is" a general prowpiaaaic pci son which is~corrosi Lj tooy tissue, poisoning can occur VIA ikiri' absorption, vapor inflation, or ingestion. Vapors of phenol are irritating to the eyea, noae, and taroat. Tne liquid is rapidly absorbed through tne skin. Contact with the skin causes a white wrinkled discoloration followed by a severe burn or systemic poisoning if not properly removed. Intense burning and pain fro skin contact may be delayed. Absorption of phenol through skin may cause sudden collapse, or death. Symptoms develop rapialy. When ingested, phenol causes burning of the gastrointestinal tract, and blotches on the lip and in the mouth, headache, nausea, dizziness, dyspnea, shock, convulsions, and death nay follow exposures by any route. Chronic exposure to low concentrations of phenol may cause digestive disturbances, nervous disorders, skin eruptions, and death due to liver and kidney deaege. The TLV is set to prevent systemic poisoning. FIRST AID: EYE CONTACT: Imediateiy flush eyes, including under eyelids, with copious ancunts of running water for at least 36 minutes. Get medical attention! (Inplant, conmunity. paramedic). SKIN CONTACT: Immediately flush skir. for at least 30 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Get wdical attention! INHALATION: Remove victim to fresh air. Restore and/or support breathing as necessary. Keep person warm and quiet. Transport to a medical facility. INGESTION: Give victim large, quantities of milk or water as quickly as possible.. Induce vomiting by toucning back of throat with finger. Eb not give fluids or induce vomiting if victim is unconscious or is having convulsions. Contact a physician or Poison Control Center and transport to a medical facility._____________________________________________________________ SECTION 7. SPILL, LEAK AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES Notify safety personnel of spills or leaks. Remove all sources of heat and ignition. Provide maxima explosion-proof ventilation. Evacuate all personnel from area, except for those involved in clean-up. Close the leak immediately, if possible. Absorb small spills on paper, vermiculite or other absorbent and place in a closed metal container for disposal. Dike large spills and allow material to cool and solidify. Shovel solid into steel containers foT disposal. Flush spill area thoroughly with water and collect flushings and wash water for disposal. Do not allow phenol to enter sewer, watersheds, or waterways! Notify proper authorities including the National Response Center (800-424-8802). Clean-up personnel must wear a self- contained breathing apparatus and full personal protective clothing and equipment. DISPOSAL: Bum contami nated waste in an approved incinerator. Phenol may be recovered by charcoal absorption, solvent extraction oi steam stripping. A concentration of 1% by weight is required for economical recovery. Phenol is water soluble and is amenable rn hiolncimJ at rh^ri nvi^atinn. Solutions can be chemicallv oxidized bv chlorine, chlorine dioxide, or other oxidants. Phenol content of water supply not to exceed 0.001 mg/l. (DO NOT flush phenol down drains.) RCRA Hazardous Waste U188 Reportable Spill Quantity ... 1000 lbs. SECTION 8. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION Provide general and local exhaust ventilation (explosion-proof) to meet TLV requirements. When phenol is heated, vapor inhalation can be a serious hazard without proper precaution. For emergency or nonroutine exposures where the TLV may be exceeded, use an appropriate NIOSH-approved full face respirator. Fiaw hoods should maintain a minimum face velociry of 100 lfa. All electrical service in use or storage areas should have an explosion-proof design. DANGER! Avoid an contact with this material. Full protective equipment, including splash goggles, faceshield impervious gloves, apron, boots, impervious shirt and trousershard hat with brim, acid suit and respirator should be available and worn as appropriate. Remove contaminated clothing immediately and do not reuse until it has been properly laundered. Eyewash stations and safety showers should be readily available in use and handling areas. Contact lenses pose a special hazard; soft lenses may absorb and all lenses concentrate irritants. SECTION 9. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTS_______________________________________ Store in closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heated surfaces, open flame and ignition sources. Outside or detached storage is preferred. Protect containers from physical damage. Phenol is a very dangerous compound. Do not breathe vapor or allow liquid to come in contact with the skin. Wear appropriate protective equipment and remove contaminated clothing immediately. Use extreme caution when transporting phenol to prevent leaks. Vent containers before heating and do not heat above 140F (60C). Do not eat or smoke in areas where this material is being used ot handled. Do not allow employees who have diseases of the central nervous system, liver, kidney, or lungs to work in area of phenol exposure. Provide preplacement and periodic medical exams to employees working with phenol. Do not allow untrained workers to handle this material (see also ASTW D2286-Sampling and Handling Phenol). ICC DOT - Class B Poison. LABEL: POISON DATA SOURCElS) CODE (Set Otouary) 2.12. 15, 19, 23-24. 31, 34 37. 38. 59. 79. R. PntMahYaH,Wiaririnia--*. tty a* timai , Wi in pmtaar'i ,-n man ai m, a^wy aan acratvr *-------*ai ,aaa APPROVALS C6~ _IN_D_U_S_T._H_Y_G_IE_N_E_/S_A_kP_E_TY 04^ n-sr JOA 5/831M MEDICAL REVIEW; CESIUM PUBUSHJSG Copyright September 1, 1985 RSV 0021491 Materia] Safety Data Sheet Genium Publishing Corporation 1145 Catalyn Street Schenectady, NY 12303-1836 USA (518) 377-8835 SECTION L MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION MaTFRIALNAME: POTASSIUM DICHROMATE No. 168 POTASSIUM DICHROMATE Issued: January 1986 12. Salt; POTASSIUM DICHROMATE, K2Cr27 NIOSH recommends a TWA of 0.025 mgftn3 tod a ceiling of 0.050 mgftn3, as Cr (VI). Sole: Purity level may vary with grade. Check xupplier's specifications for exact composition information. >99 ACGIH TLV (19SS4Q t-hr TWA: 0.05 mgto3 as Cr (VI) OSHA PEL Cefling 0.1 mgrin3 Oral, Dog, LDLo: 2129 mg/kg Ora], Guinea Pig, LDLo: 163 og/k Oral, Quid, LDLo: 26 xng/kg SECTION 3. PHYSICAL DATA Melting Point _ 7414T (39S*Q Specific Gravity $ 25*C _ 2676 Solubility in Water, @ 0*C - 4J9 g/]00c e 100'C - 102 g/lOOec pH of Aqueous Solution, 1% ~ 4.0 10% _ 345 Boiling Point _ 932T (500'C) (Decomposes) Vapor Pressure @ 25*C Neligible AppftOTHCP nd odor Bright orange-rad crystals, No odor. SECTION 4. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA UPPER Flash Point and Method Not Applicable Autoignition Temp. Not Applicable Flammability Limits In Air Not Applicable Potassium Bichromate ia a oxidizing ageal ad us promote ad tnieaaify combustion, particularly when heated. Flood fins with wata (if water ia a suitable extinguisher for burning material). Prevent runoff In sewer* and waterway*. Fue fighter* should wear self-contained breathing apparatus ad full protective gear. SECTION 5. REACTIVITY DATA Potassium dschrnmate ia stable at room temperature. U doea not polymerize. It decomposes at 932T (500'C) with the evolution of oxygen ad formation of chromium oxide and p*--rtum chromate. This material is a strong oxidizing agent Contact with reducing agents ad flammable ad combustible materials (paper, wood, organics, metali) ca cause ignition, particularly when heated.. It reacts explosively with hydrazine ad hydroxylamkie. RSV 0021492 No. 168 1/86 POTASSIUM DICHROMATE SECTION 6. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION Inhaling dichromate dust aod mist can irritate the noae, throat, bronchial tubes, aad Kings. frolonged or repeated exposure may result in ulceration and perforation of the nasal septum. Kidney and liver damage have also been reported. Skis is with both contact dermatitis and allergic akin rashes. Ulceration of the ikfe ("Chrome ujeen") may alao occur, especially if (he akin is broken. Increeeed incidence of reapirelory cancer hare been reported in die chromate-producing Musty. The lAKC has classified "chromium ^ conic chromium confounds* a being carcinogenic to human. The specific chromium compounds responsible for the carcinogenic efTects are not identified. In its 1975 criteria document on chromium (VI), NIOSH identified potassium dichromate as a "non-can:isogenic chromium (VI).' FIRST Any. FVF CONTACT: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water, including under die eyelids, for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical mention immediately. SKIN CONTACT: Remove contaminated clothing. Immediately wash contaminated skin with aoap and water. If irritation pastes after washing, prevent further contact ad seek medical attention.* INHALATION: Remore victim to fresh air. If necessary, aid breathing ad get medical help. INGESTION: If victim is conscious, give large quantities of water to drink. Induce vomiting. Never give victim aything by mouth if he/ahe is unconscious or in coovulsoos. Get medical assistance immediately.* GET MEDICAL ATTENTION - In plat, paramedic, community. SECTION 7. SPILL, LEAK. AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES Notify safety/eovironmental personnel of large spills. Carefully scoop op spilled powder into e metal drum with cover, Avoid genereting dust. Mop up residue with water, recovoing the resulting solution for treatment ad disposal. Absorb small solution spills on men absorbent ad place m a suitable container for disposal. Those involved in cleanup work should use personal protective equipment to prevent cootaa with *. eyes, and clothing, and ishalatioo of dust ad mist Reporting of spills may be required. Reportable spill quantity 1000 lbs. (40 CFR 117). DISPOSAL: Waste containing this material may require disposal ss e hazardous waste in a approved chemical landfill. Cental supplier or a licensed chemical waste disposal cootractor for treatment ad disposal instructions. Follow Federal stale, ad local regulations. Applicable EPA Hazardous Waste Numbers: D001 (Igniuble, 40 CFR 261.21); D007 (EP Toxic, 40 CFR 26114). SECTION 8. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION Provide general and local exhaust ventilatioo to meet the TLV and PEL requiremenu. NIOSH-approved full-facepiece respirators with high-effickacy dutVmist fiJien should be used at operations where the TLV may be exceeded. Self-contained breathing apparatus or supplied-air respirators should be worn undo*1 severe exposure conditions. Respirator usage must be in accordance with OSHA requirements'(29 CFR 1910.154). Wear rubber gloves, boots, apron, rod chemical goggles or face shield when handling this material and its solutions. Leather gloves and shoes should be avoided they may become impregnated with bichromate. If clothing become* contaminated, fresh clothing should be obtained promptly. Launder contaminated clothing before reuse. Safety showers and eyewash stations should be provided in wort seas where this material is handled. Contact lenses pome a special hazard; soft lenses may abeorb end all leases concentrate kritanta. SECTaIOyN* i 9. ySaPECIAL *PaRECwsAa Uw T4 IaOy/N1 vS^ ANDs ai t ^ COiMfj jM11 aEjiN^ Tg ^S _________. > ___________________ Store m closed cantamjs s eooL Ary location oa aoncombmuhtg iurtar way ftnmTEtmmakle and tLombtuuble materials tod easily oxidizabte substances. Protect cosudnera from physical damage. Maintain good housekeeping procedure*. Clean up spills promptly. Use wilh adequate ventilation. Follow good personal hygiene practices. Wash hands thoroughly after handling and before eating and smoking. Wash all ereai of the body (hat may have come is contact with the material at (he end of each work shift. Eating and cooking should not be permitted m areas where solids or liquids containing chromates are Avoid inhalation of dust/mist and cootaa with skis aod eye*. Do not tagesL DOT Classification: ORM-A Label: None (49 CFR 172.101) Data Sounds) Code 2, 4, 5, 4, 9. 12, 19, 25, 27, 57. 55, 61, B2. CV DOT ED No.* NA1479 ^ - AAty.TbMrMa.MwsbMwUicMft 1 atus tafontoea, OateaaAttWMif Cp tmam 1 iifniifiSiftwirtelne fn siyUrtonsir int--S I pwyaM or1m cmbm eT to a Copyright C January 1, 1986 RSV 0021493 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET NO____ 2. GENIUM PUBLISHING CORPORATION 1145 CATALYN STREET SCHENECTADY, NY 12303-1636 USA (518) 377-8855 OCNHJM NIWMM COW, POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE Revision B DATE February 1984 SECTION I. MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION MATERIAL NAME: POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE OTHER DESIGNATIONS: Caustic Potash, Potash Lye, KOH, GE Material D4BU, CAS #001 310 583 MANUFACTURER: Available from many suppliers, Ineluding: Hooker Chemicals 6 Plastics Corp. Allied Chemical Industrial Chemicals Group P.0. Box 1139R Niagara Palls. NY 14303 Morristown, KJ 07960 Tel: (201) 455-4157 Tel: (716) 278-7777 Emere Tel? (201) 455-2000 SECTION II. INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS % HAZARD OATA Typical content: Potassium Hydroxide Water Potassium Carbonate (KDH) (K.CO.) >83 <13 <3.5 Celling Level 2 mg/a3 (KOH)* Human, Skin 50 mg/24H Severe Irritation *ACCIH (1983) TLV. Rat, Oral U>50 365 mg/kg SECTION HI. PHYSICAL DATA Bolling point, 1 atm, deg P -------- 2400 Specific gravity, 20/4C -- - 2.044 Vapor pressure, 719 C, am Hg------1.0 Melting point, deg C ------ ------ ---------- -- n>360 Volatility 8 R.T. --------- Negligible (if anhydrous - 380C) Solubility in water, 2, at 0 C - 49 pH (0.1 M solution) ------------ ---- 13.5 20 C - 52 Molecular weight------------------- -- 56.1 100 C - 64 Appearance 6 Odor: Off-whltehygroscopic solid; no odor. (Irritancy of KOH dust may become noticeable at 2 mg/a .) SECTION IV. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA Floih Rein* end MetHed Awtoi*nrie* Temp. Flommobility limit, m Air Lower Upper None-Not combustible N/A N/A N/A N/A Although it la not combustible and does not support combustion. It can be hazardous if present In s fire srea. The following should be known for fire fighting: (1) It can melt and flow when heated (m.p. about 360 C). (2) Hot or molten material can react vio lently with small amounts of water (splattering, misting). (3) Can react with certain metals, such as sluminum, to generate flammable hydrogen gas. (4) Reacts with 00.. Firefighters should usa self-contained respirator and full protective clothing. SECTION V. REACTIVITY DATA It Is s stable material in closed containers under normal conditions of storage and hand ling. It does not polymerise. It is hygroscopic. It resets with carbon dioxide from the air to form potassium carbonate. Potassium hydroxide can react violently with strong acids and with many organic chemicals especially with nitroesrbons and chlorocarbons. (Reacts with trichloroethylene to form spontaneously flasnable dlchloroscetylene.) It generates auch heat when It dissolves in water. Avoid contact with leather and wool (hydrolysis). It is corrosive to aluminum, tin, zinc, and alloys which contain these aetals (liberates hydrogen). Cfjnw C itu mwn Cnnm GENIUM PUBLISHING RSV 0021494 NO. 2 SECTION VI. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION TIV (Celling) 2 mg/m3 strongly Alkaline! Solid or Its Cone, solutions can be rapidly corrosive to human tissue, producing severe bums and severe to permanent eye Injury. Dust/mist Inhalation can In- it?lc5i?e?nt4*tiwfS3TS5SR 5*ctla1S|?8tion c*u#e# burnB *reme pain and esophageal FIRST AID: ' 50 "Eye contact: Immediately flush with running water for 15 in.t including under eyelids. rSpeed in rinsing may save eyesight 1) Contact physician I Continue gentle flushing 30 minutes or more or until medical help obtained. Skin Contact: Flush with running water, under safety shower while removing elothlng for gross contact. Continue flushing up to an hour for serious cases until medical help InKeiatfon: Safely remove to fresh air. Contact physician. Have trained person adminins- ter oxygen for respiratory distress. Ingestion; Immediately give 2-3 glasses of milk or water to drink; then citrus juice or diluted' vinegar to neturallze. Contact Physician. Vomiting may occur spontaneously, but do not induce It. Repeat giving liquid if vomiting occurs, et medical help for treatment, observation and support after first aid. SECTION VII. SPILL. LEAK. AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES iotity safety personnel of large spills. Institute prior plan. Provide ventilation (explosion-proof where H2 can be generated). Clean-up personnel need protection against inhala tion of mists or dusts and skin or eye contact. Promptly shovel or sweep up dry material and place In appropriate container for uae or dis posal. (Delayed clean-up will allow pick up of moisture. Increasing clean-up task.) CAUTION! Avoid dusting conditions. Wet traee residues with water and neutralize with di lute acetic acid. (Sodium bicarbonate may be used to partielly neutralise.) Flush with much water. Do not flush waste caustic dlrectlv to sewer nr DISPOSAL: Carefully dissolve in water and--nFomrlize with dilute aearfe* Plinth re --SeUeT With lots of water, regulations permitting. Or dispose of through a licensed conneucf*lllIn! plint *cld kQUATIC TOXICITY Tim 96: IQO-lOppm EFA (CWA) RQ la 1000 lbs. (4QCFR 117) SECTION VIII. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION Provide general ventilation, and also local exhaust ventilation (with filtration to remove KOH from exhausted air) to meet TLV requirements, especially where dusting or misting occurs. Por exposures to 100 ag/m3 use high efficiency particulate respirator or a selfcontained respirator; full faceplfece. Wear chemical safety goggles and/or full faceshielc where dusting or splashing Is possible. Use neoprene or rubber gloves snd appropriate protective clothing (apron, boots, etc.) where needed to prevent contact, especially vhei solutions are prepared. Soiled clothing to be removed promptly and laundered before reuse Eyewash fountains, washing facilities and safety showers should be itmedlately accessible in areas of use snd handling. Provide employee training for those working with KOH; until trained, workers should not work with this material. SECTION IX. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTS Store in closed containers in a dry, well-ventilated area separate from acids, peroxides, easily lgnltible materials and other incompatlbles. Protect containers from physical damage. Have abundant water supply available where stored or used. Drainage systems for storage br uae areas need retention basins for pH adjustment and dilution of spills prior to discharge. To prepare solutions add caustic potash slowly to water while stirring to avoid rapid heat build up. Avoid breathing dusts or mists. Avoid contact with akin, eyes and clothing. Wash thoroughly after handling. Wear protective clothing when handling material. DOT Classification: CORROSIVE MATERIAL I.D. No. UN1813 (Dry Solid) Label: CORROSIVE DATA SOURCE(S) COPE: 1-11.1A.25.26.37.39.43.47-49 APPROVALS: MtS/CRO \^UV INDUST. HYGIENE/SAFETY MEDICAL REVIEW: FEB 13 1984 it T\ GENIUM PUBLISHING RSV 0021495 No. 351 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET genium publishing corporation 114S CATALYN STREET SCHENECTADY. NY 12303-1636 USA 1516) 377.8655 MWUM MUIMINO cot*. STTREN* mWOL Bevleloo B Date August 1979 SECTION 1. MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION MATERIAL NAME: STYRENE MONOMER OTHER DESIGNATIONS: Vinylbenzene, Fbenylethylene, Etbenylbenzene,$tryol, CE Material D5D50, ASTM D2626 A 2627, CAS# 000 100 425 MANUFACTURER: This materiel Is available from many suppliers, including: Dow Chemical Company CAbsCB-CB2, SECTION II. INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS Styrene Monomer -- - -- Typical Inhibitor level (4-t-Butylcatechol) (See MSDS #421) . - --- >99.2 10-15 ppm Current OSBA level with a celling concentration of 200 ppe and a maximum peak of 600 ppm (leas than 5 minutes in a 3 hour period) permitted. ACCIB (1979 Intended Changes List) has reco--lLpded 50 ppm B-hr TWA, **TLV suggested by Manufacturer. HAZARD DATA 8-hr TWA 100 ppm* 8-hr TWA 5 ppm** (skill) Rat, oral LD50 5000 mg/kg SECTION III. PHYSICAL DATA Bolling point at 1 arm, deg C ------ Vapor pressure at 30 C, an Hg ----- Vapor density (Air-1) -- Solubility In B20 at 25 C, Wt.X - 145 9.5 3.6 0.02 Specific gravity (20/4 C) -- 0.907 Malting point, deg C - -- -31 Volatiles, Z ---ca 100 Evaporation rate (BuAcl) ' 0.5 Molecular weight - .............. - 104.16 Appearance 4 Odor: jColorless to yellow, oily liquid with a sweet, pleasant odor when pure st low concentrations (unpleasant at higher concentrations). Recognition threshold (100Z test panel, unfatlgued) la 0.15 ppm In air. SECTION IV. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA LOSER UPPER Flash Point and Method Autoignition Temp. Flammability Limits In Air 88 F (31 C) (TCC) 914 7 (490 C) X by voli 1.1 6.1 Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, foam, or C02 (water may be Ineffective). Use water to cool fire-exposed containers. (Sprinkler system desirable for storage area.) In large fires, the fire-fighting should be done at a distance or from a protected loca tion, since heated containers of styrene can explode. Vapors can flow along surfaces, reach distant ignition sources and flash back. Firefighters should use self-contained breathing equipment with full face and eye protection. SECTION V. REACTIVITY DATA lie inhibited monomeT is stable in storage below 90 F for a limited period of time. (The lover the temperature, the longer the storage stability.) The polymerization rate be comes significant when heated to 150 F or when the Inhibitor content drops to 3 ppm. Hazardous polymerization can occur with this material, especially when It la exposed to heat, light, or catalytic materials (such as peroxides and strong acids), or if the inhibitor la exhausted or removed. Styrene la a flanable liquid, 0SHA Class IC. It will readily react with oxidizing agents Toxic gases and vapors, such as CO, are formed on partial oxidation. Styrene can corrode copper 6 copper alloye & become inhibited for normal polymerization by coppar content. GENIUM PUBUSHING BSV 0021496 NO. 351 SECTION VI. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION | tlv<s Sect. IT) Exposure to styrene vapors at 200-400 ppm nay be irritating to^the eye* and nasal pas sages, ebove 800 ppm is imediately irritating. Eye damage can occur. High concen trations can have a toxic and anesthestlc effect (one hour at 1000 ppm severely toxic one hour at 5000 ppm produces unconsciousness; 10,000 ppm for 30 minutes has caused death). Repeated and prolonged contact of the liquid with the skin can cause defat ting and dermatitis* FIRST AID; SkinTontacc: Wash exposed areas veil with soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing promptly. Get medical help if irritation persists or if contact has been extensive. Eye Contact: Flush with running water, promptly and thoroughly, for 15 minutes. Get medical attention ismediately! Inhalation: Remove to fresh sir. Keep warm and at rest. Restore breathing If neede< . Get medical help immediately 1 Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting! Get medical help Immediately! SECTION VII, SPILL, LEAK, AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES Notify safety personnel. Eliminate sources of ignition and provide explosion-proof ventilation. Clean-up personnel should use protective equipment to avoid contact with the liquid or breathing of the vapors. Use nonsparklng tools. Absorb on inert solid, such as sand or vermlcullte, for disposal. (Attempted reclaim of styrene spills is not usually recommended.) Water can be used to flush spills away from sensitive areas to open ground (not to sever!). DISPOSAL: Burn in a suitable Incinerator or deposit mixture of styrene and absorbent i a" sanitary landfill. Dispose of contaminated styrene promptly; do not store contam inated liquid styrene. Follow Federal, State and local regulations. SECTION VIII, SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION____________________ Provide adequate local exhaust and general ventilation to meet the TLV requirements. Approved organic vapor cartridge respirator can be used for short periods up to 1000 ppm vapor. Use self-contained or air-supplied breathing equipment for higher or un known concentrations or oxygen deficient atmospheres. A full facepiece is required above 600 ppm. Use impervious gloves and chemical safety goggles for personal protection. Boots, face shield, impervious clothing etc. may also be needed to avoid contact with the liquid, depending on working conditions. An eyewash station and safety shower should be readily accessible. Preplacement and periodic medical exams reconaended for those exposed to styrene. Avoid breathing vapors. Avoid contact with liquid. Do no Ingest. Follow good persons, hygiene. SECTION IX, SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTS Score in tightly closed, mild steel containers in a well-ventilated area away iron heat and ignition sources, direct sunlight, oxidizing agents, snd polymerization catalysts Store in the original container to avoid contamination. Control inventory! Monitor inhibitor content and polymer formation In stored styrene. (See ASTM D2120 and D2121.) Large tankage should be Inerted with nitrogen. Carry out transfers with grounded and bonded containers. No smoking in areas of storage, handling or use. Inhibited styrene can polymerize from frictional heat In a running centrifugal pump if flow is stopped. Condensed styrene vapors (no inhibition) can polymerize. DATA SOURCE(S) CODE: 1-9,12,21,23,24. 31 APPROVALS : "p- Q, in. J MEDICAL REVIEW: 12/79 GENIUM PUBLISHING RSV 0021497 No. 56 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET GENIUM PUBLISHING CORPORATION IMS CATALYN STREET SCHENECTADY. NY 1Z303-1B36 USA (518) 377-8855 OINIUM PUSUSMIMO COOT. SULFUR Date October 1979 SECTION I. MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION MATERIAL NAHE: SULFUR DESCRIPTION: Pure sulfur exists In several solid forms. The common forms (So ring) of molecular velght 256.512 are alpha and beta crystalline forms and an amorphous form. OTHER DESIGNATIONS: Sulphur. Flowers of Sulfur, Sulfur Flour, Sublimed Sulfur, Brimstone CAS #007 704 549, CE Material D4F11 MANUFACTURER: Available from many sources. Including Stauffer Chemical Co., Specialty Chemicals Division, Westport, CT 06880 SECTION 11, INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS Sulfur HAZARD DATA ca 100 No TLV Established* *The Nuisance Dust TLV should govern exposure to solid sulfur in the absence of other standards. ACGIH (1979) Is 10 mg/m^ (total dust) or 5 mg/a3 (respirable dust). SECTION III. PHYSICAL DATA Bolling point at 1 atm. deg C -- Vapor pressure at 20 C, m Hg -- Water solubility ---------- ..... -- ---------- 444.6 Melting point, deg C -- <0.0001 Specific gravity. 20/4C Insoluble 112.8-119.0* 1.92-2.07* Appearance & Odor: Yellow rhombic or monoclinic crystals, powder, granular, lump, stick, etc. Pure sulfurhas no odor or taste. *Property depends on allotropic form(s) present and the measurement technique. The tran sition temperature Is about 95 C (slow conversion) between a- and 8-crystalllne forms. SECTION IV, FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA LOWER UPPER Flash Point and Method >335 F (CC) Aucoi^plt|o D^Ud8is1"pCelrosue.d., egg' 28 F Flammability Limits In Air Dust, g/m^ 35 1400 Extinguishing Media: Water sprav or fog Is the most satisfactory. Steam and carbon dl- oxi.de may be useful in special cases. Streams of water from a nozzle can scatter molce: sulfur and disperse sulfur dust Into the air. Sulfur dust is a moderate explosion hazard when dispersed In air. It is a greater ex- floslon hazard when It Is in contact with oxidizing agents. Bulk sulfur Is a slight Ire hazard when exposed to heat or flame. Firefighters may need self-contained breathing apparatus for SO2 protection. Eye pro tection and full protective clothing may also be indicated in large fires. SECTION V, REACTIVITY DATA This combustible material Is stable under normal storage and handling conditions. It doe not undergo hazardous polymerization. It Ignites and bums readily to form SOj. It can be dangerously explosive when intimate! mixed with oxidizing agents: for example, nitrates, chlorates, chromic anhydride, potassium permanganate, lead dioxide, calcium hypochlorite, etc. Sulfur can react as an oxidizing agent to give highly exothermic reactions, for example with P2O3 or phosphorus, with carbides, and with metals. It can react with hydrocarbons and other other organic material when molten to produce H2S and CS2* Dry sulfur is not corrosive to steel or aluminum; moist sulfur Is corrosive to steel. CESIUM PUBLISHING RSV 0021498 * No. 56 SECTION VI. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION TLV 5-10 mg/*3 (See Sect. II) Sulfur le very low in v&por pressure end very low in toxicity. It should be considered In the nuisance dust category. Health hazards can arise from reaction products of sulfur, such as S0? H?S, and CS? (see MSDS /SO, I52, and #350, respectively). Sulfur dust can Irritate the mucous aeabranes of the resplratoxy tract and the Inner surface of the eyelid. Sensitive persons can experience skin irritation from repeatec exposure to sulfur dust. Allergenic responses can occur. FIRST AID Eve Contact? Flush eyes with plenty of running water for at least 15 minutes, includlng under the eyelids. Skin Contact: Remove sulfur dust by washing with soap and water. Remove clothing that becoaes contaminated with sulfur dust. Inhalation: Remove from exposure to fresh air. Remove any worker from exposure to sulfur who shows allergic reactions; such Individual] should not be assigned further work where exposed to Sulfur without a physician's approval. SECTION VII. SPILL/ LEAK/ AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES Provide ventilation in spill ares (but do not stir up dust). Pick up spilled material for recovery or disposal In a manner that will not produce duatlng conditions. (Powdered sulfur should not be scattered nor allowed to accuaulate on surfaces from spills or plant operations.) DISPOSAL: Small amounts of scrap can be disposed of by burning (SO2 emission). Large amounts can be burled In a landfill, mixed with 3 parts by weight of calcium carbonati to neutralize the slow generation of sulfuric add. Contact supplier for further disposal options. Follow Federal, State and local regulations In disposing of this material. SECTION VIII. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION Provide genersl end exhaust ventilation to meet TLV requirements. Ventilation fans and ether electrical services must meet requirements for sulfur dust exposure. (Electric 1 equipment suitable for Class I, Group D locations has been suggested as satisfactory. Approved dust respirators should be provided for worker comfort and for protection against any dust exposure above the TLV. Self-contained breathing equipment should be available for fire situations, where SO2 is generated. To reduce body contact with sulfur dust workers should use gloves and dust-tight safety goggles. Workers with sensitive skin might further protect themselves with bodycovering clothing and by the use of approved protective creams on the hands and face. Use clean work clothing. Do not use clothing which Is impregnated with sulfur dust. An eyewash station and washing facilities should be readily available where workers are exposed to sulfur dust. Follow good hygienic practice In working with this material Wash exposed skin with mild soap and water after work periods and before breaks. SECTION IX. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTS ^>tore in a cool, ventilated area away from sources ot heat and ignition and away iron oxidizing agents and reactive chemicals (see Sect.V). (Sprinkler protection needed for large amounts of storage.) Guard against conditions or actions that could dis perse sulfur dust in sir. Provide grounding, humidification, etc. In transferring powdered sulfur to prevent static sparks from electrical charges which are readily developed In this material. Use nonsparking tools. Follow good design and good housekeeping practices to prevent uncontrolled accumula tions of sulfur dust. Genersl dust containing 25Z or more sulfur may be almost as explosive in air as 100Z sulfur dust. Avoid dust Inhalation. DATA SOURCE(S) CODE: 1-10,24.25 MEDICAL RKVXEW: U/79 GENIUM PUBLISHING RSV 0021499 Materia! Safety Data Sheet Genium Publishing Corporation 1145 Catalyn Street Schenectady, NY 12303-1836 USA (518) 377-8855 aeauu pueustmo cot*. SECTION L MATERIAL IDENTIFltATtoW^ MATERIAL NAME: SULFlIRIC ACID, CONCENTRATED ***** OTHER DESIGNATIONS: C>0 of Vitriol Hvdmsen Sulfate: H<*SCV.' CAS C7AAA.OX.C MA NTTFACTLTRER/SUPPLIER: Available fmtp tn*ny mippliof, k*chiding: Allied Corporation, PO Box 2064R, Morristows, NJ 07960; Tclcpts)oc 800 6314050 No. 9 SULFURIC ACID, CONCENTRATED Revision C Issued: October 1980 ,,^- V TO R: 2 PPE: See Sect 8 R1 13 S4 K0 SECTION Z INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS Hydrogen Sulfate (H2SO4) Weis * Material is obtained by the ruction of SO3 tod wato. Can contain low impurity levels, such as 0.02% max of iron as Fe. Properties vary with H2SO4 content. Current OSHA standard and ACG1H (1985-86) TLV. NIOSH has a 10-tr TWA, 40-hr. M>rt week, of 1 mg/m3. % 93-98 Balance* HAZARD DATA t-hr TWA: 1 mg/m3 Human, Mist Inhalation, TCLo: 3 mg/m3, 24 wk. (Toxic Mouth Effects) Rn, Oral, LD5Q: 2140 mg/kg SECTION 3. PHYSICAL DATA ~ 93.19% H2SO4 98.33% H2SO4 100% H2SO4 Boiling Point, 1 atm, deeC ea 2ir ca 338 ca 330(dO Specific Gravity (6<V60T) 1.8354 1J4 IM Volatile*, % @ 340*C ca 100 ca 100 ca 100 Melting Point, deg C ca -34 ca 3 10.4 Water Solubility -- Coapiete l {iseible Vapor Pressure, mm Hg @ 10 )'F - <1 (93.19% H9SO4); Deg. Baunx _ 66 (93.19% H7SO4) - Density of H2SO4 is often reported in degrees Baume Be . Formula is Be* 145 (i4S/sp gr for liquids heavier than water]. Aooearmce and ajjjr rokriesi, hygroscopic, ofly liquid with no odor. Mists greats' than 1 mg/m3 are easily recognizable. Thore at 5 ms/to3 are dbtioetly obiectionable. SECTION 4. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA LOWER UPPER Flash Point and Method Autoignition Temp. Flimmability Limits In Air None - Nonflammable NA NA NA NA Sulhinc acid 11 nonflammable; however, 11 is a strong oxidizing agent and may cause ignitiri by contact with combuati fe-- -- miUriels. Small fires may be smothered with suitable dry chemical. Cool exterior of storage tanks of H2SO4 with waiter to avoid rupture if exposed 10 fin react with metals to liberate fliimmabte hydrogen get. Sulfuric acid mists nd vapon from a fire area are conceive (see sect 5). Fire fightm must wear aelf-co otained breathing equipment and fully protective clothing. SECTION 5. REACTIVITY DATA Sulfuric acid is stable uoder normal conditions of use and storage. It does not undergo hazardous polymerization. U is a strong mineral acid reacting with bases and metals. The concentrated Kid is also a dehydrating agent, picking up moisture readily from the air or other materials. Hydrogen gas may be generated within a H2SO4 container. Vent drums cautiously. This matcial reacts exothermically with water. (Acid should always be added slowly m water. Water added to acid can cause boiling and uncontrolled splashing of the acid.) Sulfur oxides can result from decomposition and from oxidizing reactions of sulfuric add. RSV 0021500 No. 9 2/86 SULFURIC ACID. CONCENTRATED (Rev. O SECTION 6, HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION ITLV^ Concentrated sulfuric acid is strong mionl acid, an oxidizing agent, rod a dehydrating agent that as rapidly damaging id all human tissue with which it comes in contact Ingestion may cause severe injury or Eye ******* produces sevrae or pwMMtf injury. Inhalation of mists am damage both the upper respiratory tract and (te hags. Sulfuric add is doc listed a a carcinogen by the KIT, 1ARC, or QSHA. FIRST AID: EYE CONTACT: frnmerfUtHv flush eyes (including under eyelids) with plenty of naming water far at least IS tntnuiML Speed m diluting tad rinsing out acid with wale is extremely important if permanent eye is lo be avoided. Obtain medical help as soon as possible.* SKfN CONTACT: Immerftwiv flush affected areas with wales, removing contaminated clothing while under the safety shower. Continue washing with watv and get medical attention.* INHALATION: Remove to fresh air. Restore breathing. Call a physician immediately. INGESTION: DDule Kid immediately with large amounts of milk or water, then give milk of magnesia lo neutralize. Never give anything by mouth to a unconscious person. Do not induce vomiting; if ft occurs spontaneously, continue to fluid. Obtain nr*1*-!! attention as soon as possible.* Maintain observation of patient for possible delayed onset of pulmonary edema. * GET MEDICAL HELP In plant, paramedic, community. SECTION 7. SPILL, LEAK, AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES Handle major spills by a predetermined plan. Contact supplier for assistance in this planning, in local regulations, and for disposing of large amounts. Notify safety poaooneL Provide optimum ventilation; vapon are extresmly irritating. Stop leak if you can do so without risk. Cleanup personnel need protection against inhalation or contact Keep upwind. Contain spill. Mbcr leaks or spills can be diluted with much water and neutralized with aoda ash or lime. If water is not available, cover contaminated area with nwt, ashes, or gravel and neutralize cautiously with soda ash or lime. DISPOSAL: Follow Federal, state, and local regulations. Runoff to sewer may eeate hydrogen gas, which is a fire or explosion hazard. EPA (CWA) RQ 1000 lbs. (40 CFR 117)._____________________________________________________ SECTION 8. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION Provide general vrotilatioo lo meet current TLV requirements m the workplace. Where mists sc up to 50 mg/m3, a higbtffteaency paniculate respirator with full facepiece is warranted; a type-C supplier-air respirator with full facepiece operated in pressure-demand mode is used to 100 mg/nr. Avoid eye contact by use of chemical safety goggles or face shield where splashing may occur. Acid-resistant protective clothing such as rubber gloves, aprons, boots, and suits, is recommended lo avoid body contact. Eyewash fountain and safety showoa with deluge type of heads should be stored, available where this material is or Contact lenses poae a special hazard; soft lenses may absorb cod aO leases concentrate inicants. Comprehensive preplacemenl and annua] medical examinations with emphasis on dental erosion, cardiopulmonary system, and mucous membrane irritation and cough are indicated SECTION 9. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTS Sulfuric acid in carboys or drums should be stored tn clean, ventilated storage areas having acid-resistant floors with good drainage. Keep out of direct sunlight, do not store above I9.6*F (32'C). Storage facilities are to be separate from organic materials, powders, chromalea, chlorates, nitrates, carbides, oxidizahks, etc. Soda ash, sand, or lime should be kept in general storage or work areas for emergency use. Protect containers against physical damage. Glass bottles need extra protection. Sulfuric acid is highly corrosive to most metals, especially below 77% H2SO4. Avoid breathing mist or vapors. Avoid contact with lion or eyes. Do not ingest. Do not add water to concentrated acid. Drums may contain hydrogen gas, so open cautiously. Use Doospartdng tools fret of oil, din, and grit and vapor-proof electrical futures DOT CUtfifiratioc: Corrosive Material. ID No.: UN1830 Label: Corrosive Data Sources) Code: M2,19, 20, 24. 2d, 31, 37-39, 42, S2. OC itopMSMi'ipiyra mat m nm 90 nyWm m6 mmtmm tc mpcanbili)' i tiortfMlrmitlajtinrepyro--r MnjiUfnbtrkrtyuowf fiTiiwWolni Miimi tor puKiMMrt Approvals ciruuu, IndusL Hyglene/Safety Medical Review i,wr Copyright O February RSV 0021501 NO 317 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET GENIUM PUBLISHING CORPORATION 1145 CATALYN STREET SCHENECTADY. NY 12300-1636 USA (SIB) 377-6655 OfNIUM PUftUSHIMC COW. TOLUENE Revision C Date August 1979 SECTION I. MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION MATERIAL NAME: TOLUENE 3THER DESIGNATIONS: TToolluuwoli,, Mrweltihi/yil.buecniizLecniies,, FrnheennyjlimKemthiannee1, CB3C6B5, GE Material D5B11, ASTM D362 and D841, CAS# 000 108 883 NANUTACTURER: Available fro* many suppliers, Including Shell Chemical Co, and Sun Oil Co, SECTION II. INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS Toluene *ACCIH (1976); (akin) notation indicate* a potential con tribution to overall exposure via akin abaorptlon. OSHA/ H10SH (1976) proposed an 6~hr TWA of 100 ppm, vith a 15 minute celling of 200 ppm, and an acelon level of 50 ppm. Current OSHA TLV la 200 ppm. ca 100 HAZARD DATA ,r or 375 mg/ Human, Inhalation TCLo 200 ppm (central nervoua ayat Rat, Inhalation LCLo 4000 ppm/4 hr Rat, oral LD5q soOO mg/kg SECTION III. PHYSICAL DATA Bolling point, 1 atm, deg 7 (C) Vapor pressure 25 C, mm Hg -- Vapor density (Air-1) Solubility In water, X --------------- 231 (110.6) 28 3.2 0.05 Specific gravity (Vater-1) -- Volatiles, Z - ' Evaporation rate (BuAe-1) -- Molecular weight --------- 0.666 100 1.9 92.15 Appearance 6 Odor: Water white liquid with a characteristic aromatic odor, whose recogni tion threshold (unfatlgued) la 2*5 ppm (100Z of teat panel). Odor detection la un satisfactory for safety because of fatigue. SECTION IV. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA FlasT) Point and Method Autoignltlon Temp, LOWER UPPER Flammability Limits In Air 40 F (4.4 C) Closed cun (516 C) 997 f X hr volume 2. Extinguishing Media: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical, foam, and water fog. Water may be in effective for putting out fire, but use spray to cool flre-expoaed containers. At room temperature, toluene emits vapors that can form flawoabla mixtures with air. It la a dangerous fire hazard and a moderate explosion hazard when exposed to heat and flame. Vapors can flow along surfaces to distant ignition sources, then flash back. Firefighters should wear eelf-contalned breathing apparatus and eye protection when fight ing toluene first. SECTION V. REACTIVITY DATA Toluene la a stable material under normal atorage and handling. It does not undergo hazardous polymerization. Since toluene la a flswwsbla liquid, avoid contact with heat, sparks or open flames. Avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents. Nitric acid and toluene, especially In combination with sulfuric acid, will produce nitrated cGrounds which are dangerously explosive. Oxidation In air can form oxldea of carbon and nitrogen. GENIUM PUBLISHING RSV 0021502 No._317 SECTION VI. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION Tlv 200 ppa (gjtin) (See Sect.II) Vapor Inhalation can produce headache end alight drowsiness *t 100 ppm, fatigue, nausea and itching akin at 100-200 ppm, anesthetic effects and respiratory tract and eye ir ritation above 200 ppm. Absorption can occur through the skin, and liquid contact vlll cause defatting of the skin* vlth possible dermatitis from repeated or prolonge contact. Eye contact is irritating and can be damaging (corneal burns). Ingestion irritates tne digestive tract and results In systemic effects from absorption. FIRST AID: Eye Contact: Immediately irrigate with water for 15 minutes. Get medical help. ^kin Contacts Wash area with soap 6 water; remove contaminated clothing promptly. Get medical help If irritation persists or if large areas of skin were exposed. Inhalation: Remove to fresh air; restore breathing and give oxygen If needed. Get medical help! Ingestion: Get medical help as soon as possible! When victim is conscious, give US? mineral oil to drink. (Aspiration is a potential hazard If vomiting occurs!) SECTION VII. SPILL/ LEAK/ AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES Report large spills to safety personnel. Remove ignition sources; provide explosionproof ventilation. Those involved in clean-up must use protection again liquid con tact and vapor inhalation. Pick as liquid when feasible, or absorb on vermlcullte or sand and scoop up with nonsparklng tools Into a metal container with cover. Llqui can be flushed with a water spray to an open holding area for handling. Do not flush to sewer, to a confined space, or to a watercourse! DISPOSAL: Consider reclaiming by distillation or disposal via a licensed waste dispose company. Scrap may be incinerated under properly controlled conditions. Pollow Federal, State and local regulations. SECTION VIII. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION Provide general and exhaust ventilation to meet TLV requirements. Ventilation fans A other electrical service must be nonsparking and explosion proof. Exhaust hoods should have >100 lfm face velocity and be designed to capture heavy vapors. Exposun above the TLV for oonroutine and emergency situations requires use of an organic chemical cartridge respirator up to 200 ppm; above 200 ppm a full face piece is re quired with an approved canister-type gss mask or self-contained breathing equipment. Safety goggles or glasses should be worn In areas of use. Impermeable (neoprene has been recommended) gloves and apron, face shield, and other protective clothing may be needed to prevent skin contact during use, especially where splashing may occur. An eyewash station should be available if splashing is possible. A safety shower and washing facilities should be available. SECTION IX. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTS Store in cool, clean, well-ventilated area away from sources of heat and ignition and away from oxidizing agents. Area muse meet requirements of 0SHA Class IB liquid. No smoking in areas of storage or use. Nonsparking tools should be used near toluene. Use safety cans for handling small amounts. Ground and bond metal containers for liquid transfers to prevent static sparks. Protect containers from physical damage. Preplacement and periodic medical exams emphasizing the liver, kidneys, nervous system, lungs, heart and blood should be provided. At least an annual exam is recommended for workers exposed above the action level (50 ppm). Use of alcohol can aggravate the narcotic effect and blood effects of toluene. DATA SOURCE(S) CODE: 1-9,12,20,21,24,26 Industrial Hygiene and Safety MEDICAL REVIEW: 12/79 CENIUM PVBUSHING RSV 0021503 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET GENIUM PUBLISHING CORPORATION 1145 CATALYN STREET SCHENECTAOY. NY 12303-1636 USA (518) 377-BBS5 SP OIMtWM PVSUSMINO coer. NO. 311 INHIBITED 1,1,1-TRICHlOROETHANE REVISION D PATE August 1983 SECTION I- MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION MATERIAL NAME: INHIBITED 1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE OTHER DESIGNATIONS: Methyl Chloroform, MC,CC1j,CCHH.j, GE Material D5B79, CAS# 000 071 556 a-Trichioroe thane TRADENAMES 6 BLACO-THANE (Baron-Blakeslee), CHLOROTHENE Nil & VC (Dow), 1NHIBIS0L MANUFACTURER: (Penetone Corp.), TRI-ETHANE (PPG Ind. Inc), TR1THENE (SRS, Inc.) SECTION II. INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS 1,1,1-Trichloroethane Inhibitor, typical* Inhibitors used sre proprietary. Commercial materials contain up to .about 52 inhibitor and are designed for cold cleaning or vapor degreasing use or both. Current OSHA PEL and ACCIH (1983) TLV. ACGIH STEL *50 ppm. % >95 <5 NIOSH (1976) proposed a 10-hr TWA of 200 ppm with a 350 ppm celling (15 minute sample) and has recommended caution In us<! HAZARD DATA 8--hr TWA 350 ppm** Unknown Human,Inhalation LCLo 27 gm/m3.'10 min TCLo 920 ppm/70 min (CNS effects) Human.Oral TDLo 670 mg/kg (GI effects) SECTION III. PHYSICAL DATA Boiling point, 1 am, deg F ----- ca 165* Vapor pressure, 20 C, mt Hg-------- -- 100 Vapor density (Alrl) -------------------- 4.55 Water solubility, g/lOOml H2O (*20C - 0.09 Specific grsvity, 25/25C ------ 1.3-1.336* Volatiles, Z----------------------------- ca 100 Melting point, deg C-------------- -32 Evaporation race (CC1.-1) -- 1 Molecular weight --------------------- 133.41 Appearance 6 Odor: Colorless lleuld with s mild, sweetish, pleasant, ether-like odor which may be just perceptible (unfatigued) at about 100 ppm in air. Properties depend on the inhibitor and inhibitor level. SECTION IV. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA lower I Upper Fiotfc Pe>ni ond ***fcod T,m,. Flgntmob'litv hi Aar None 537 C (998 P) (High energv ignition source at 250. Vol. 2_________________ io.st. This material Is nearly nonflammable. High energy, such as electric arc, is needed for Ignition, and the flame tends to go out when the ignition source is removed. Material Involved In a fire can emit toxic and irritating fumes. Water fog, carbon dioxide, dry chemical, or foam My be used to fight fires. Use self-contained or air-supplied breaching apparatus for protection against suffocating vapors and toxic and corrosive decomposition produces. SECTION V. REACTIVITY DATA This material can be hydrolyzed by water to form hydrochloric acid and acetic acid. It will react with strong caustic, such as caustic soda or caustic potash to form flammable or explosive material. Attacks natural rubber. It requires inhibitor content to prevent corrosion of metals; and when Inhibitor is de pleted, It can decompose rapidly by reaction with finely divided white metals, such as aluminum, magnesium, zinc, etc. Do not use these metals for storage containers or in pressurized spraying equipment where MC Is involved. It will decompose at high temperature upon contact with hot metal, or under ultra-violet radiation to produce toxic and corrosive gases (hydrogen chloride , dichloroacetylene, chlorine and some phosgene). C nhc. 1 Cmpm GENIUM PUBLISHING RSV 0021504 NO. 311 SECTION VI. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION UV 350 ppm of 1900 wg/m3 uricz exposure at squ-iuoq ppm causes mild eye irritation and lot* of coordination due to Che early effects of MC on the CNS. Excessive exposure gives headache, drowsiness. Impaired judgement, unconsciousness. Defscs akin on contact, can produce irritation and dermatitis; can be absorbed through the skln Eye contact gives pain and irritation. Considered low in toxicity among the chlorinated hydrocarbons. FIRST AID: Eye contact: Flush eyes well with plenty of running water for 15 min. Including underlld> Skin contact: Remove solvent-wet clothing promptly. Wash contact area with warm wa^er and soap. Get medical attention for irritation. Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. Restore and/or support breathing as needed. Get dical assistance. (Note: Advise physician not to use adrenalin.) Ingestion: Contact physician.Aspiration a hazard! Possible spontaneous vomiting. (If medical help not readily available and amount svelloved was appreciable, give milk or water to drink, and induce vomiting. Repeat. Estimated lethal dose for 150 lb man la 0.5 to 1 pint.) PHYSICIAN: Avoid using_e^matho^jn*tic amines in treatment. SECTION VII. SPIU. LEAK, AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES For small spills in ventilated area, mop, wipe or soak up with absorbent material avoid ing inhalation and contact. Evaporate outdoora or in an exhaust hood. For large spills, inform safety personnel and evacuate area. Use protective equipment during cleen-up (see Sect. VIII). Ventilate area. Contain liquid, pick up and place In closed metal containers. Do not allow to enter drains and water ways. DISPOSAL: Dispose of via a licensed waste solvent disposal company, or reclaim by fil tration and distillation procedures. Follow Federal, State and Local regulations. Aquatic toxicity Tim 96: 100-10 ppm. EPA hazardous waste number under RCRA la U226 (40CFR261). SECTION VIII. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION Provide general and local exhaust ventilation to meet TLV requirements. Air-aupplled or self-contained respirator should be available for non-routine or emergency use. A chemical cartridge-type reaplrator can ba used for a limited time below 1000 ppm. A full facepiece la needed above 500 ppm. Chemical goggles or a facs shield should be worn if splashing la possible. Clovee and apron (of neoprene, polyethylene or polyvinyl alcohol) should be worn when needed to avoid akin contact. Remove solvent-vet clothing promptly. A safety shower end eyewash station should be available to use area if splashing la probabla. Preplacement and periodic medical examinations should consider cardiovascular, liver, CNS functions, and skin. SECTION IX. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTS Store io closed containers in a cool, wall-ventilated area. Keep water-free. Monitor lnhibitor level for vapor degreasing use. Use caution in cleaning operations involving white metal fines (see Sect. V). Trichloroethylene contamination My cause decompoeition when aluminum is degreased. Provide medical monitoring of those regularly exposed to MC in the workpiece. Preclude those with CNS, liver, or heart dleease from exposure. Personnel using this solvent pregnant rat cxposurea^Hnce l91co7n6,cedrnirebcetceadusestuodf ie&pso:sn{sasivbielMebbe&eirhmthnesdg.eaKftelvc3ets.. aA&frot 5mochciugphatlieovnea ll physicians' seminar on Reproduccttiivvee huaazzaaTrCds Imn the Wwoorrkplaaccee,," Wwi ashington,DC (4/25/63), no physician was awara of cats to substantiate the N10SH concern. 30T Classification: ORM-A I.D. No. UN2631 DATA SOURCEfS) CODE: 1-12,14,20,23,25,26,30,31,34,37,38,45-49,53 APPROVALS: MIS/CRO XjRj* ^ INDUST. HYGIENE/SAFETY MEDICAL REVIEW: 1 August 1983 GENIUM PUBLISHING RSV 0021505 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET GENIUM PUBLISHING CORPORATION 1145CATALYN STREET SCHENECTADY. NY 12303-1836 USA NO. 312 TRICHLOUDETHYLENE Revision P SECTION I. WATER IAL IDENTIFICATION iATERIAL NAME: TRICHLOROETHYLENE OTHER DESIGNATIONS: TCE, Trichloroethylene, Ethylene Trichloride, Ethenyl Trichloride, CHCI-CCI2, CE Materiel D5B56, CAS# 000 079 016 MANUFACTURER 6 TRADE NAMES: BLACO-TRI (Baron-Blakealee); ALK-TR1, HI-TRI and NEU-TRI (Dow); KAYVIDE (Kraft); PERM-A-CLOR and TRIAD (Detrex); TR1CHLOR (PPG); TRICLDiE D 6 MC| (Diamond Shamrock) SECTION II. INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS HA2ARD OATA Trichloroethylene + Stabilizer* ca 100 riV 100 ppm with 200 ppm Celling Stabilizers such as amines or epoxy compounds are usually level** added at low levels to Increase resistance to oxidation and to polymerization. Vapor degreasing grades require higher stabilizer levels. Human, Oral LDLo B57 mg/kg **ACGIH (1979 Intended Changes Liat) propose* an B-hr TV# of 50 ppm with STEL 150 ppm. NIOSH (1978) reviewe2d5 TpCpE3 a* a suspected carcinogen and suggested a TWA of a* readily attainable. Unresolved controversy on TCE carcinoeraiclrv ar present. fiuman, Inhal. TCLo 160 ppm/83 min (central nervous system) SECTION 111. PHYSICAL DATA ________________________________ Bolling point,1 atm, deg F (C)-------- 188 (87) Specific gravity 20 C ------ -- TT5-r.'47* Vapor pressure 6 20C, mm Hg ------- 58 Volatiles Z ------------------------------ ca 100 Vapor density (Air 1) ------------ ----- 4.54 Water eolubility 9 25C, Z ------------------- 0.1 Evaporation rats (CCl4l) - 0.69 Freezing point, deg C ------ - -73 to -86* Molecular weight ------------------- 131.39 Appearance 6 Odor: Colorless, mobile liquid with s characteristic, sweet, ether-like odor whose recognition threshold is 21.4 ppm in sir (unfatlgued, 1002 of test panel). Depends on stabilizer and level used. SECTION IV. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA LOWER UPPER Flash Point and Method None Autoianltlon Tran. 770 F (410 C) Flammability Limits 8 57C in air, Vol Z 8100C 15 2.5 40 90Z Extinguishing Media: -- -- __ _rr__r______ -- .. ethylene is normally considered noncombustible. However, when 15Z vapor In air at 33 C is exposed to Intense heat (electric arc) or to ordinary flame at vapor-air temperatures exceeding 50 C, it can be made to burn mildly. Combustibility increases in 02-enriched air. Self-contained breathing apparatus should ba used for protection against TCE vapors and their toxic and corrosive decomposition products in a fire situation. SECTION V. REACTIVITY DATA TCE la considered to be stable compound under normal conditions of storage and handllag. However, when It la heated (as.in s vapor degreaser) or exposed to sunlight. It requires stabilization against oxidation, degradation and polymerization. When It la exposed to high temperatures, hydrogen chloride and phosgene (highly toxic) can be produced as decomposition products. It is slowly decomposed by light when moist. TCE can react with NaOH. KDH. or other strong alkali to form explosive mixtures of chloroacetylenea. Soda ash does not react. Polymerization of TCE la catalyzed by alumina chloride. Magnesium or aluminum powder cen react with TCE. GENIUM PUBLISHING RSV 0021506 No. 312 SECTION VI. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION | tlv loo pjm or 535 mg/3 C|**t II Inhalation of ICE above the TLV can irritate nooe and throat, with dlrxioeas, drowsiness headache, nausea, unconsciousness, and even deaeh resulting from excessive exposure. Eye irritation and laerynatlon can result from exposure to vapor or liquid. Skin con tact causes irritation and, when prolonged or repeated, dermatitis. Ingestion irritates the digestive tract and nay cause nausea and rapid drowsiness partial paralysis, un consciousness and kidney failure can result in severe cases. FIRST AID: Eve contact: Wash imedlately with plenty of running water. Continue washing to nlnl- nize discomfort. Get prompt medical attention. Skin contact: Receive contaminated clothing. Wash with soap and warm water. Inhalation: Remove to fresh air; restore breathing if required. Keep at reat and warm. Immediately contact physician; advise him not to give adrenalin Ingestion; Get immediate medical help! Do not Induce vomiting unleee directed by a physician. (Authorities differ; professional decision required). Physician should be warned not to use adrenalin for treatment. SECTION VII. SPILL/ LEAK, AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES Inform safety personnel and evacuate area for large spills. Clean-up personnel should use respiratory and liquid contact protection. Provide ventilation* Confine spill to as small an area as possible. Do not allow run off to the sewer. Pick up spill with vacuum or on an absorbent end store in closed container for disposal. DISPOSAL: Waste can be processed to recover ICE, or it can be burned In an appropriately equipped, high temperature incinerator (fume scrubbing system required to remove BC1). Disposal, through e licensed waste disposal company should also bo considered. Scrap solvent and distillation residues must be handled as toxic vsstes. Follow Federal, State and local regulations. SECTION VIII. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION Provide general ventilation and exhaust ventilation to keep wrkplace vapor levels within TLV requirements Approved respiratory equipment should be available for emergency and nonroutine use. Use self-contained breathing equipment above 1000 ppm; use full facepiece cartridge or canister respirators for limited exposures above celling limit or TLV. (Cartridge, 1-2 hrs max.) Use neoprene gloves, aprons etc. to prevent liquid contact with the akin and splashproof goggles for eye protection. Gas-tight goggles should be used by maintenance end emergency personnel. An eyewash station should be available where splashing la probable. SECTION IX. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTS Avoid breathing vapors. Avoid skin contact. Store in a cool, well-ventilated area and use with adequate ventilation, including floor level ventilation. Avoid contact of vapors with high temperature (toxic and corrosive decomposition products from TCE above 700 C), No smoking in use or storage areas. Avoid collecting aluminum fines or chips in vapor degreaser. Kegularly monitor TCE stabilizer level. Only trained personnel should operate vapor degreaser. TCE has produced liver cancer in test animals. Exercise due caution in use. Evidence of cancer hazard with TCE is greater than with perchloroethylene or 1,1,l-trichloro- ethane. (OSHA Reporter 1978. 1565). However^ obaervgd effects may be due to atabl- HIS, APPROVALS; Xl Industrial Hygiene^ and Safety MEDICAL REVIEW: 12/7* GENIUM PUBLISHING RSV 0021507 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET GENIUM PUBLISHING CORPORATION 1145 CATALYN ST.. SCHENECTADY. NY 12303 USA (51S) 377-SS54 From German's MSDS Collemon. 10 be ueed as reference. ________________________ P MSDS # C *** 2,6-XYLENOL lined: November 198S Reviaed: SECTION 1. MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION MATERIAL NAME: 2,6-XYLENOL OTHER DESIGNATIONS: 2,6-Dimethylphenol, CgHJ00; CAS # 0S76 26 1. MANUFACTURER/SUPP LIER: Aldrich Chemical Co., Inc. PO Box 355 Milwaukee. *1 53201 (AU) 2/3-J8S0 Koppers Co. . Inc. Organic Materials Croup Koppers Bldg. Pittsburgh, FA 15219 (412) 227-2000 SECTION 2. INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS % HAZARD DATA 16 2,6-XYLENOL ca 100 No TLV established OH CH. CH. Rat, oral LD50: 296 mg/kg Rat, skis LD50: 1000 mg/kg 2,6-Xylenol is not listed as a carcinogen by NTP, IAKC or OSKA. SECTION 3. PHYSICAL DATA Boiling point, 1 ata .................... 397F (207.7 C) Vapor pressure, 20C, nnHg ... <1 Vapor density (Airl) .................. 4.2 Solubility in water .......... slightly soluble Specific gravity (HjO^l) Melting point ......................... Molecular Might .................. 1.02 113-144.8WF (45-46C) 112.18 APPEARANCE 6 ODOR: Colorless crystalline solid or liquid with a sweet tarry odor, SECTION 4. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA Flash Poire and Method Autoifnioon Temp. FUmmebibiy Limns ia Air Lower Upper 190F (87.7C) C.C. 1110F (596.8C) Volume % 1.4 NA EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical or alcohol type foam. Do not use a solid stream of water since the streaa will scatter and spread the fire. Use water spray to cool fire-exposed tanks/containers. This combustible liquid is a moderate fire hazard and a slight explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame. Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing whem fighting fires involving 2,6-Xylenol. SECTION 5. REACTIVITY DATA This aaterial is stable in closed containers at room temperature under normal storage and handling conditions. It does not undergo hazardous polymerization. 2,6-Xylenol is inco^atible with strong oxidizing agents. Thermal decomposition ot burning produces toxic vapors and gases, including carbon monoxide. RSV 0021508 GENIUM PUBLISHING M5DS / C.561- tuued H-iS 2.6-XYLENQL r SECTION 6. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION TLV Vapors of 2,6-Xylenol are irritating to the upper respiratory tract and Bay irritate or severely bum the eyes and skin. In solid or liquid fora, 2,6-Xylenol is corrosive to all body tissue and contact eauses sevr< burns. It is rapidly absorbed through the skin. Overexposure to 2,6-Xylenol via ingestion, inhalation or skin absorption aay cause headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, difficult breathing, or cona. Chronic exposure to low doses of 2,6-Xylenol aay result in liver and kidney dosage. FIRST AID: EYE CONTACT: Promptly flush eyes, including under eyelids, for at least 15 ainutes with running water. Get aedical attention,* If eyes are burned, cover with a dry, sterile bandage. SKIN CONTACT: Flush skin with running water for at least 5 ainutes while reaoving contaminated clothing. Get aedical attention.* INHALATION: Remove victia to fresh air. Restore and/or support breathing as needed. Notify aedical personnel,* INGESTION: Give victia water or silk as quickly as possible. Contact a physician or Poison Control Center. Do not induce voaiting unless instructed to do so. Never give anything by aouth to a person who is uncon scious or is having convulsions. Get aedical attention/ * MEDICAL ATTENTION Inplant, Paramedic, Community: SECTION 7. SPILL, LEAK AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES _______ Notify safety personnel of large spills or leaks. Remove all sources of heat and ignition. Provide maxinuB explosion-proof ventilation. Evacuate the area of all nonessential personnel. Clean-up personnel should wear suitable protective clothing and equipment (see Section 8). Cover spill with sand, verniculite or soda ash and place in closed container for disposal. Use caution to avoid generating dust. Do not flush to drain. After clean-up, wash spill area thoroughly with soap and water. DISPOSAL: Place in suitable container foT disposal by licensed contractor, landfill, or Bix with solvent and bum in an approved incinerator. Fellow all federal, state and local regulations. &Am'(U1)U1&! \s (40 CFR 117). iECTION 8. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION Provide general and local exhaust ventilation (explosion proof) to keep vapor levels in the workplace to a miniaun. (then 2,6-Xylenol is heated, vapor inhalation can be a serious hazard without proper precautions. For eoergency .or nonroutine exposures where vapor concentration in air aay be excessive, use an appropriate NIOSK-approved respirator. Fuse hoods should maintain a minioua face velocity of 100 Ifm. All electrical service in use or storage areas should have an explosion-proof design. 2,6-Xylenol is highly toxic and corrosive. Full protective clothing, including splash goggles, face shield, ispervious gloves, apron, boots, i^>ervious shirt and trousers, hard hat with bTim, acid suit and respirator should be available and worn as necessary to prevent bodily contact. Eyewash stations and safety showers should be readily available in use and handling areas. SECTION 9. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTS Store in closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from oxidizing agents, heat, sparks, and open flame. Protect container from physical damage. Use only with adequate ventilation. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Do not breathe vapors. Untrained workers should not handle this material. DOT CLASSIFICATION: ORM-A, UN2261. RSV 0021509 DATA SOURCES) COPE ISec Gkwwy) 1,2, < ,6,7,23,63,7S, 78, 59, 79, R. | W APPROVALS INDUST. HYCIENE/SAFETY z/ftt. Gjy* ) ML MEDICAL REVIEW: GENIUM PUBLISHING ^ Copyright November 1. 1985