Document X7E17zQYRnLNvLwg1pMbk4zXJ
AAR126-0HOG
ACUTE TOXICITY TO FISH (FATHEAD MINNOW) TEST SUBSTANCE Identity: rPeefrefrlrueodrotoocatsanPesFuOlSfoAnAy,lamFiCd-o1(2et8hoyrl)aascetthaetem;ajmoarycoalmspoobneent of eFtCh-y1l2-7N-,{(FhCe-p1t2ad9e,caFfCl-u1or0o9o,ctFyCl)-s1u0l9fo-nXylo}r-,R1p9o0t4a.ssi(Gulmycsialnte,,CNA-S # 2991-517)
Remarks: The test sample is FC-129 referred to by the test laboratory
as R1904. Current information indicates it is a mixture of 42% test substance, 32% water, 14% 2-butoxyethanol, 4% ethanol, and 8% C4-C7
floltuo9r3o0a0lk1y4l,camrfbg.oxdyaltaete3/c9o7.mpounds. Test material was from 3M production mTihxetufroleloofwitnhgestuesmtmsaurbystiasnacbebrinevaiawtaetderb/eocragaunsiectshoelvteesnttssaolmuptlieoni.s a Data may not accurately relate toxicityofthe test sample with that of
the test substance.
METHOD:
Methods: OECD 203 YGTeeLsaPtr:tCyNopmoep:lSettaetidc:ac1u9t9e7 Species: Pimephales promelas
Analytical monitoring: Temperature, pH, DO, and conductivity
RESULTS Nominal concentrations: Bk control, 19, 32, 54, 90, 150, 250 mg (in Edulpelmiceantte)values: 24-hour LCso = >250 mg (C.l. not calculable)
7428--hhoouurr LLCCsso == 211416 (m1g2/8L-1(6C.7I). mnogt/Lcalculable) 9966--hhoouurr LLCCsyoo == 9475 ((2821--8101)6)mgm/gL/.L 96-hour NOEC = 54 mg/L
All element values based on nominal concentrations.
dReesmcarrikbesd: iTnetshteintgeswtassubcsotnadnucceterdemoanrktshefimeildx.tuTreheofvtahleuetersetpsourtbesdtaanpcpleiaess
to that mixture and not the test substance. No attempt was made to
00352-
ee nen
determine the impactofthe portion of the toxicity can be
presence of contributed
the organic to the
solvents
or
what
Perfluorooctanesulfonylamido(ethylacetate.
CONCLUSIONS
9T7hemFgC-1w2it9h8a6-9h5ou%rcLoCnsfoidfeorncPeiminetpehrvaalleosfp8r1o-m1e1l6asmgw/aL.s dTehteer9m6i-nheodurtonboe observed effect concentration was 54 mg/L.
Submitter: 3M Company, Paul, Minnesota, 55133
Environmental
Laboratory,
P.O.
Box
33331,
St
DATA QUALITY
tReesltiianbgi,libtuyt: lKaickismiasncahlyrtaincaklincgon2f.irTmeasttiionngofmteeesttssaullbcsrtiatenrcieafocroqncueanltirtaytions. There is a lack of characterization of the test sample.
REFERENCES
This study requestof
was conducted at the 3M Company.
AScl
Corporation
of
Duluth,
Minnesota
at
the
OTHER
Last changed: 5/17/00
004383 -
mm
EAnmSiSmContrcpuSoanottTiyooonn/FAgS5eD0Di1d6ui9o6hn8
STUDY TITLE
FATHAECAUDTEMITONXNIOCWIT(YPiOmFephRa1l9e0s4prToOmelas)
DATASTANDARD
`OECD GUIDELINE 203
STUDYCOMPLETED June 27, 1997
TESTINGFACILITY
AScl Corporation/AScl-Duluth Environmental Testing Division
4444 Airpark Boulevard
Duluth, MN 55811 Tel. No. (218) 722-4040 Fax No. (218) 722-2592
STUDYIDENTIFICATIONNUMBERS
AScI Study ID# 5010-068
3M Company Lab Requests R1904
SSphoonsnor,S3yM DCo4mpRan1y04 =
1 000384
EAnSvCirlonCmoernptoarlaiToenst/iAnSgsID-iDviuslitohn "ASel Study IDI 5010-068
1.0 GENERAL INFORMATION
| Study Title
{
Acute Toxicity of R1904
(Pimephales promelas).
to
Fathead
Minnow
|
Data Standard I
OECD Guideline 203.
S3eMrviEcnevsi,rBounimlednitnagl2T-e3cEh-n0o9,lo9g3y5anBdusShafAevteynue, |
St. Paul, MN 55133; Tel No. (612) 778-7452.
Sponsor's Representative I
Susan Beach, 3M EnvironmentalTechnology and Safety Services, Building 2-3E-09, 935 I Bush Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55133; Tel No. (612) 778-7452.
Sponsor's Lab Requests
|| Testing Facility
[ ini ir verosb f[ ami o o p meon-- s | Testing Facility Director Deis Tot Dates [wi ers9 , 57] Data Validation and Report Review
RI1904.
AScI Corporation/AScl-Duluth Environmental |
`Testing Division, 4444 Airpark Boulevard, |
Duluth, MN 55811; Tel. No. (218) 722-4040. |
Donald Mount
Alan Mozol
|
LLY
| Retention of Raw Data and FinalReport
[| Location of Raw Data and Final Report
"Two years from the date study is completed.
AScI Corporation/AScl-Duluth Environmental |
`DTuelsuttihng, DMivNisi5o5n8,114;44T4el.AiNropa.rk(2B1o8u)le7v2a2r-d4,040. {
SSppoonnssoorr:SuIdMy CIoDmYpRaInySO
2
000385
EAaSveilsoCumoetralpToesrtiAanSgstDiiiDviousinhon `ASI Study IDI 5010068
2.0 OBJECTIVES)
`1T0o
odbesteerrvmaibnlee
tehfefe9c6t-choonucren1tr0a%tiaonnd(5N0O%ECe)ffoecfttchoentceesnttrsautbisotnasnce(,LRC1q90a4n,d
LCs), and for fathead
the 96-hour minnow
(Pimephales promelas) under static test conditions.
GTuhiidsesltiundey2w0a3s(cOoEndCuDct1e9d93a)c.cording to the AScI study plan retained by the Sponsor and OECD
Test Substance Test Organisms
Dilution Water
3.0 TEST METHODS
| (Prwoapteerrt=i1e.s:0),R1s9ta0b4l,e,barnidghcto-myepllleotwellyiqsuoildu,bslpeeciinfiwcatgerra.vity = 1.3
2Te5s0t mcgon/cLe.ntrTaetsitonsso:lut0io(ndsilpurteipoanrweadtbery cmoanstrsola)d,di1t9i,on32o,f 5te4s,t 9s0u,bs1t5a0n,ceatnod
dilution water followed by vigorous stirring.
|
Source: Healthy, from ASCI-DETD
jiunv-ehnoiulseefcautlhteuarde.minnows
(Pimephales
promelas)
obtained
`iHno-lhdoiunsge/acculctluirmea.tioTnh:e
The fish
fish used in used in the
stthuedyteswtesrweehraetcobhteadionnedMfaryom24A,ScI's
f1i9s9h7w.erFeonrotthefe4d8fhooru2r4s hporuercsedbienfgorteesttesitniintiiattiiaotniomno.rtaTlhietyfwisahsm0e%a,n alnendgtthhe
was `was
c1a7l.c0ul+ate2d.6tombme,1a27ndmmgeaofn
wet fish
pweerigLhttewstassol3u8ti+on.23
mg.
Loading rate
cUosneceinntrtaestti:on.Used 10 organisms/replicate and 2 replicates/test
|
Source: chemical
Dechlorinated analysis is in
City Raw
DoaftDaulPuatchk,agMe.N,
tap
water.
The
most
recent
C Characa terainsdC tiacsp:HO Aotfte8) s.t0t3i.mAee,rtahteedwfaotrer2h4adh parhioarrdtnoeussseoifn4t8hemtge/stL,(as
. SSppoonoiorr:Su3dMyCIoDm#pRan1y04
3
000386
Exposure
Chambers
1
Incubation
i
|Observations
i
{ Endpoint || calculations
EAnSveilroCnmoenrtalpToesriAanSgetDDiiuvolisinonn AST Sudy IDF 010068
Type: 4-L glass jars.
Use
test,
in test: 3.0 L
kept covered,
eoxfcdeipltutwihonenwaetxepreroirmetensttalsoolbusteirovna/tcihoanmsbewre.reDumraidneg,
the
|
Solutions were not aerated during the exposures.
`Duration: 96 hours.
Dfaluiolryespcheonttoplearmiposd.: 16h light and 8 h dark, maintained using cool white
Temperature: 21.0 + 1C.
Biological:
stress, and
deDaaidlyte-st Toersgtanoirsgmasn.isms
with
abnormal
behavior
and
signs
of
Water chemistry: (1) At test initiation- total hardness and alkalinity, (2)
daily- temperature, DO, conductivity, and pH. All determinations were
`made according to APHA methods (1995).
LC; Inhibition Concentration (ICp) Method.
l
LCqy's: Trimmed Spearman-Karber Method.
I
WNeOsEtC:Inc.F,isahnedr'UsniEvxearcstitTyesotf(WTyOomXiSnTgA)T. statistical software, Version 3.5,
SSppoonnssoorr:S3uMd C1oDmpRa1n5y0%
4
000387
Set CorpASloDurh sy os
3.0 RESULTS
`Test Substance Toxicity (Pertdiatnaaerenitn Tole
24hLCsy >250 mg/L(NotCalculable). 48-h LCsy: 211 mg/L (Not(Calculable).
72-h LCs 146 mg/L (128-167).
96-h LC; 45 mg/L (22-80). 96hLCs: 97 mg/L (81-116).
Ranges of Water Chemistry Parameters
96-h NOEC: 54 mg/L.
Total hardness (as CaCO; mg/L): 46-48.
Alkalinity (as CaCO; mg/L): 44-46.
Temperature (C): 20.8 (No Range).
DO (mg/L): 5.4-8.8.
|
PH: 7.60-8.05.
pecific conductivit os/cm): 116-133.
Soo sty or os
s
oo003ss
4.0 TEST QA/QC
EAnSveilr"oCAnosmreepnoSaruladtTyoinI/nDAFgSc3t0D-1iD0vu-ik0si6oh8n
[| |
Mortality in than 10%.
control
exposure
must
not
be
more| 0%mortality.
`The lowest DO concentration at test termination must be at least 60% of the air saturation value at test temperature.
The lowest DO concentration measured was 61% of the air saturation value at 21.0C.
{ Test duration must be 96 h.
`The test duration was 96 h.
|
Reference Substance Toxicity Test (this test is | Control chart for sodium chloride reference
optional).
toxicity testing is in Raw Data Package.
5.0 REFERENCES
l| WAamteerricaanndPWuabsltiecwHaetaelrt.h AAPssHoAci,atWiaosnhi(nAgPtHoAn),.D.1C99.5. Standard Methods for the Examination of |
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). 1981/1993. OECD
|
|| HGaumiidelltionne,s Mf.orA.T,esRti.nCg. oRfusCshoem,iacanlds.R.OV.ECThDurPsutbolni.ca1t9i7o7n.ITnfroirmmmateidonSpCeeantremra,n-WKaasrhbienrgtMoent,hDo.dCf.or
| Estimating Median Lethal Concentrations in `Toxicity Bioassays. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1:
714-719; Correction 12 (4): 417 (1978).
CUoSnEcPenAt.rat1i9o9n3.(ICAp) LAipnperaoraIcnht.erpVoleartsiioonn M2e.0t.hod for Sublethal `Toxicity: The Inhibition
{I
`West Inc., and Universityof Wyoming. Toxstat Software Package. Version 3.5. Cheyenne,
| Wyoming.
``SSppoonnssoorr:Su3dy CIoDmYpRaInSy0S
6
000389
AE S SCv ToSptoynTi eiTsoiiroogSDnn Dro/vutiAooSsn
TABLE 1. ACUTE TOXICITY OF R1904 TO FATHEAD MINNOWS (P. promelas)
rt Cre Se TTT
Concentration(mg/l) [-------- or
rr
[[ ew)Toov | | w0 o | | 0 v00 | | o6o ||
2 [= T
v0 0
| |
wo | oo | se wo | oo | sm
| |
[= 0
[we
|
|
wo
oo
|
|
zw
se
|
|
+e
we
|
|
Lm 1 vo | woo | sao | saw
* Pecssetinpaergceh
LETHAL AND NO-EFFECT CONCENTRATIONS WITH `CORRESPONDING 95% CONFIDENCEINTERVALS
[ere Ta
me
[severe Value basedon nominal
st
sie concetrtions.
SShpooorra3lMyCIomFpaRn1y04
7 000390
ACUTE TOXICITY TO AQUATIC INVERTABRATES (DAPHNIA MAGNA) TEST SUBSTANCE
Identity: rPeefrefrlrueodrotoocatsanPesFuOlSfoAnAy,laFmiCd-o1(2e8thoyrl)aascetthaetem;ajmoarycoalmspoobneent of eFtCh-y1l2-7N-,{(FhCe-p1t2a8d,ecaFfCl-u1o0r8o,octFyCl-)1s0ul9f-oXnyolr},R1p9o0t4a.ssi(Gulmycsailnte,, CNA-S # 2991-517)
Remarks: The test sample is FC-129 referred to by the test laboratory
as R1904. Current information indicates it is a mixtureof 42% test
fsluubcsrtoaalnkcyel,c3ar2b%oxwyaltaetre, c1o4mp%o2u-nbdust.oxyTeetshtamnaotle,ri4a%l weathsanforlo,ma3nMd 8pr%odCuoctCiron lot 930014, mig. Date 3/97.
The following summary is abbreviated because the test sample is a
mixture of the test substance in a water/organic solvent solution.
tDhaetatemsat syunbosttaanccceu.rately relate toxicityof the test sample with that of
METHOD:
Methods: OECD 202
Test type: Static acute
YGeLaPr: CNomopleted: 1997 ASnpaelcyiteisc:alDamopnhintioarimnagg:nTaemperature, pH, DO, and conductivity
RESULTS
Nominal concentrations: mg/L (in duplicate)
Bk control,
1.4, 2.3,
3.9, 6.5,
10.8,
18,
30, 50
Element values:
4248--hhoouurr
ECs; EC10
= =
>50 mg/L 4.4 (4.3 --
(C.1. 4.6)
not calculable) mg/L
48-hour ECso = 9.1 (7.4 - 11) mglL
48-hour NOEC = 3.9 mg/L
All element values based on nominal concentrations.
dReesmcarrikbesd: iTnetshteintgeswtassubcsotnadnucceterdemoanrktshefimeildx.tuTrheeofvatlheuetersetpsorutbesdtaanpcpleiaess
dtoettehartmimniexttuhreeiamnpdacntootfthtehetepsrtessuebnscteanocfe.theNoorgaatntiecmpsotlwvaenstsmaordwehtaot
000391
-
TT
portion of the toxicity can be contributed to the
Perfluorooctanesulfonylamido(ethyl)acetate.
cCoOwNoCwLuUgSIiOoNnSs
ee
TmghieLFwCi-t1h2a99458-%hocuornfEiCdseoncfeorinDtaeprvhanlioafm7.a4g-na11wmags/Ld.eteTrhmein4e8d-htooubren9o.1 observed effect concentration was 3.9 mg/L.
Submitter: 3M Company, Environmental Laboratory, P.O. Box 33331, St.
Paul, Minnesota, 55133
DaAmTAoQuUnALnIYTY
ee
Reliability: Kimisch ranking 2. Testing meets all criteria for quality
testing, but lacks analytical confirmationoftest substance concentrations. There isa lack of characterization of the testsample.
FRcEFERENCES
rTheiqsuessttuodfy twhaes3cMonCdoumcptaendya.t AScl Corporation of Duluth, Minnesota at the
OTHRERR
eee er
Last changed: 5/17/00
.
000392
rire
EAnSveilroCnmoercptoarliTona/wASiclDDiuvilssotnh ASel Sudy 1D# S010.068
STUDYTITLE
ACUTE TOXICITY OF R1904 TO DAPHNIA MAGNA
DATASTANDARD
OECD GUIDELINE 202
STUDYCOMPLETED
June 17, 1997
TESTINGFACILITY
EAnvSiIroCnomrepnotraaltTieosnt/iAnSgclD-iDvuilsuitohn 4444 Airpark Boulevard Duluth, MN 55811 Tel. No. (218) 722-4040 Fax No. (218) 722-2592
STUDYIDENTIFICATIONNUMBERS
AScI Study ID# 5010-068 3M Company Lab Request# R1904.
SSppoonnssoorr:St3udMy CIoDmpRaInSy0S
|
1
000393
,
setrtcerrmos
ome Twn smoeoemam 1.0 GENERAL INFORMATION
Sponsor 1 i
Sponsor's Representative
[[[T oSFrpomonerecpTeiestbeuee sd i f[m raoyen . n] ]| Testing Facility
3M Environmental Technology andSafety Services, Building 2-3E-09, 935 Bush Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55133.
Susan A. Beach, 3M Environmental
Technology and Safety Services, Building
2-3E-09, 935 Bush Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55133. Tel No. (612) 778-7452.
AScl Corporation/AScI-Duluth Environmental
`Testing Division, 4444 Airpark Boulevard, Duluth, MN 55811; Tel. No. (218) 722-4040.
RT iof Ry-- i Fo pr
Location of Raw Data and Final Report
Ss on dre s/ yagee |{
AScI Corporation/AScl-Duluth Environmental `Testing Division, 4444 Airpark Boulevard, Duluth, MN 55811; Tel. No. (218) 722-4040.
mm s--m,
oo,
000394
EAnSvSitrConomrepnatraaliToun/nAgScDhiDviusihon 'ASel Study IDF 5010.068
2.0 OBJECTIVE(S)
To determine the 48-h test substance, R1904,
EC; and ECsy, and for Daphnia magna.
48-h
NOEC
(no
observed
effect
concentration)
of
the
{GTuhiidselsitnudey2w0a2s(cOoEndCuDct1e9d93a)c.cording to the AScl study plan retained by the Sponsor and OECD
3.0 TEST METHODS
Test Substance | P=rop1e),rtsiteasb:le,R1a9n0d4c,omypelleltoewl-ycosloolruebdleliiqnuiwda,tesrp.ecific gravity Ca. 1.3 (water
Test Organisms
Test concentrations: 0 18, 30, and 50 mg/L.
(dilution water Stock solution
control), prepared
1.4, 2.3, 3.9, by diluting 200
6.5, mg
10.8, of fest
|
`spurbesptaarnecdebiyn d1irLectofadddiliuttiioonnowfatsetro.ck Tseosluttisounbsitnatnocdeicluotnicoenntwraatteiro.nsAwer0e..6
dilution series was utilized.
| Source: Healthy, less than 24-h old Daphnia magna neonates obtained
from AScl stock cultures maintained in water of test dilution water quality. l
I
Dilution Water
l Exposure
Chambers l
iUnsietiaitniotne.st:UsGerdaviodrgaadnuilstmssi/sroelpalteidcaitnedainludti4onrewpaltiecarte2s4/tehstbecfoonrceentthreattieosnt.
Handled not feed
with a during
smooth the test.
bore
pipet
with
an
inside
diameter
of
6
mm.
Did
|
|
Scohuermciec:al
Daencahlylsoirsiniastiend
City
Raw
DoaftDaulPuatchk,agMe.N,
tap
water.
The most recent
|l
CChaaCrOac;t)eraisnidicas:pHAtofte7s.t93t.imeA,etrhaetewdatfeorr
had a hardness of 46 24 h prior to using in
mg/L (as the fest.
I|
Type: 250-ml borosilicate glass beakers.
Use test,
ikneptetstc:ov2er0e0d,mlexocfepdtilwuthieonn
water or test experimental
sooblsuetrivoant/icohnasmbweerr.e
During made.
the
|
SSppoonnssoorr: Su3dMy CIoDm#pRaIn5y04
.
3
000395
EAnSveilroCnomrepntaarltoTens/tAinSgClDiDvuislohn "ASel Sudy D4 5010068
Observations.
Endpoint Calculations
I
Duration: 48 h.
Dfaluiolryepscheonttopbeurlibos.d: 16 h light and 8 h dark, maintained using cool-white
Temperature: 21C.
Biimomloobgiilcailz:ed Daanidlyd-eagdenttelsty oarggitaantiesdmsth(eiemxmpoobsiulriezecdhaomrgbaenrissamsndwtehreen tchoousneted
that did not swim within 15 seconds after exposure chambers were gently agitated). Did not remove any daphnids from the exposure chambers at
24h.
Water chemistry: (1) At test nitiation- total hardness and alkalinity, (2) dmaaidlye- atcecmopredriantgurteo, ApPH,HADOm,etahnoddsco(n1d9u9c5t)i.vity. All determinations were |
ECs: Trimmed Spearman-Karber method.
EC: Inhibition
Determining ICp
Concentration (10%)
concentrations.
USEPA
software
package
for
NInOcE.,Ca:ndFiUsnhievre'rssiTteystof(WTyOoXmSinTgA)T. statistical software, Version 3.5, West, |
4.0 RESULTS
TTeasbtleSu1b)stance Toxicity (Pertinent data are in
| 24-h ECs: >50 mg/L. 48h ECsyi 9.1 mg/L (7.4-11.0). 48h EC,5 4.4 mg/L (4.34.6). 48: NOEC: 3.9 mg/L.
SSppoonnssoorr:S3uMd CIoWmpRainyos
4
000396
EAnSvCilCroornpmotraaiToens/iAnSgeDIiDviusinon "ASe Sudy 104 3010.068
Ranges of Water Chemistry Parameters
_
Total hardness (as CaCO; mg/L): 44-46. l
Alkalinity (as CaCO; mg/L): 42-44.
Temperature (C): 20.5:20.8C.
|
DO (mg/L): 8.18.5.
PH: 7.81-8.04.
pecif conductivi
os/m): 118-126.
5.0 TEST QA/QC
`Test organism dead, immobilized or trapped in
control exposure must not be more than 10%.
|
0%
dead,
immobilized
or
trapped.
l
`tTehremilnoawteisotn DmuOstcobneceanttrleaatsiton60at%toefstthe air
|
The lowest 91% of the
DaiOscaotnucreantitornatviaolnuemaetas2u1r.e0dCwa.s,
|
saturation value at test temperature.
|
`Test duration must be 48 h.
`The test duration was 48 h.
| Reference substance toxicity test (this testis
optional).
| Current control chart for D. magna acute
testing is included in the raw data package.
SSppoonnssoorr:S3iMd CIoDm#pRa1n5y04
s
000397
EAnSveilrConompeonrtaailoTns/iAnSeglD-iDvuilsuitohn ASel Study ID# 010.068
5.0 REFERENCES
American `Water and
PWuabsltiecwHaetaelrt.hAAPssHoAci,atWiaosnhi(nAgPtHoAn),.D.19C9.5.
Standard
Methods
for
the
Examination
of
{
EH1sa1tm(ii7m)la:tt7oi1nn4,g-7MM1.e9A;d.iC,aonrRr.LeCect.thiaRolunsCs1oo2n,(c4ea)nn:td4r1aR7t.i(Vo1n.9s7T8ih)nu.rTsotxoinc.ity19B7i7o.asTsraiysm.meEndviSrpoena.rmSacin.-KTaercbhenrolM.ethod for
`OTregsatniingzaotfioCnhefmoircEalcso.noOmEicCDCooPpueblriactaitoinonanIdnfDoermvaetlioopnmeCenntte(rO,ECWaDs)h.in1g9t9o3n.,
OECD D.C.
Guidelines
for
`West Inc.,, & University of Wyoming. TOXSTAT Software Package Version 3.5.
MCUioSnnncEeePsnotArt.aat.1i9o9n3.(ICAp)LiAnpeparroIancther(pVoelartsiioonnM2e.0t)h.odEnfvoirroSnubmleentthaall RTeosxeicairtcyh: LTahbeoraInthoirbyi,tiDounluth,
_
_
J
SSppoonnssoorr:St3udMy CIoDmApRaIn1y%08
6
000398
EAnSicrloCuonpcoarutlioTna/xiAnSgekDDiuvilsuitonh ASe Sudy IDA S010068
TABLE 1.
RE
ACUTE TOXICITY OF R1904 `TO DAPHNIA MAGNA
_Cumulative NumbeeandPercentof Dead tad Immobilized Organivet ||
TT--
weTie * Percentages are in parenthesis.
=eEFFECT AND NO-EFFECT CONCENTRATIONS WITH `CORRESPONDING 95% CONFIDENCEINTERVALS
SSppoonnssoorr:d3yM CIoDm#pRa1n%y04 --
7
000399