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FILE NAME Industrial Hygiene Foundation IHF DATE 1950-1962 DOC IHF057 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION Industrial Hygiene Digest - References Sections with Abstracts Vol 14 Industrial Hygiene Digest - 28 March 1950 354 The Method of Demonstration by localization and Optical Crystallogical Crystallogical Identification of the DustDeposits in Silicotic Tissues J.R. Ruttner and | F. DeQuervain German Ztschr f Unfallmed u Berufskrankh. 40 10pp 1947 This article consists of a brief description of the method of micro- incineration and incineration in the lungs its applicatios applicatios It consists in the in the demonstration of dust particles in an electric oven at a constant temperature of 500 , of frozen sections fixed to the slide with . five per cent gelatin After eshing in this way for 50 minutes all organic matter is removed and the inorganic skeleton of the tissue with its impregnated dust particles can be examined with the polarizing microscope When this has been done the ash can be treated with selective chemical re- agents to remove various components which leaves on the slide only the quartz component In this way polarization roentgenographic analysis can be carried out at various stages A practical example is given -- Condensed from Bull Hyg | i 355 Tuberculosis as a Complication o2 Silicosis Penna Med 53 39-40 Jan. 1950 C.H. Marcy A brief general paper on Dicotuberculosis presenting the problems , in diagnosis The sputum test is recommended for positive diagnosis though sometimes difficult to obtain Malignancy fungus infections pulmonary infectious suppuration bronchiectasis may be mistaken for tuberculosis bronchitis and pulmonary fibrosis| Treatment and management are the same as in simple tuberculosis The death rate from silicotuberculosis is high and the only good preventive measure is the elimination of dust Impairment of Pulmonary Function in Anthracosilicosis B. Gordon L.P. Lang and P.A. Trendos 133-159 Feb. 1950 Arch Ind Hyg . H.L. Motley & Occ Med 2s. I DEPOSIT N EXHIBT a a| An accurate evaluation of the degree of impairment of pulmonary func- tion requires measurements of ventilation residual air oxygen uptake from the air breathed oxygen saturation of arterial blood and pulmonary circu- lation The wide individual variations encountered in these determinatideotermninatsions preclude the using of any one single measurement as satisfactory for the appraisal of disability in alles alles of cases Strain on the right side of the heart as indicated by electrocardiographic changes is found only in cases with a significant degree 2 emphysema and as the degree of emphysema increases a greater incidence of the strain is noted There is no apparent and correlation between the roentgenigraphic stage of silicosis silicosis of impairment of pulmonary function in many cases the degree Summary and -- Condensed from Authors Conclusions Pulmonary Asbestosis Anatomicopathologic Study of a Case A. Franchini and G. Canepa Med d Lavoro zo, 161 July 1949 Italian A man 40 years old had worked in a factory for 22 consecutive years applying insulating material t articles of asbestos He never complained about respiratory disorders and he died as the result of a streetcar 1 , accident During the necropsy the lungs were found to be the seat of Industrial Hygiene Digest - 29 March 1950 extensive asbestosis The author's direct attention to the disproportion between the gross features described and the awareness of trouble The results prove the importance of prophylactic and therapeutic treatment and economic assistance to asbestos workers generally particularly to those who apply insulating material -- Condensed from Arch Ind Hyg & Occ Med 358 tumoral Pneumoconiosis simulating Tuberculosis in a Bauxite Miner A. Germain P. Brugere and P. Cluzel Bull Acad Nat Med 133 273-276 1949 French The case is reported of a man who had been employed in mining bauxite for 20 years previous to 1938. He then left this work to be taken on at the French Arsenal when an ray of his lungs showed no abnormalities Hine years later the case presented a typical picture of tuberculosis Since the man had no exposure to dust except during the 20 years he was employed in mining bauxite the claim is made that bauxite dust was the cause of his condition Comment is made to the effect that a single case does not constitute proof -- Condensed from Bull Hyg 359 Pneumoconiosis and Tuberculosis in Dockers Dealing with Grains 1. Dunner Brit J. Radiol 22 717-722 Dec. 1949 and Seeds One hundred dockers who had inhaled the dusts of grain seeds and chemical material were sent to a tuberculosis dispensary because of chest trouble and were examined ~ Of the 100 22 showed pneumoconiotic lesions ray films -on 43 were found to be tuberculous and 3 doubtful which of _ the two Three were suffering from bronchial carcinoma Editor's note There is no information on the extent of exposure or composition of the dust -- Condensed from Author's Summary 360 257 Pneumoconiosis after Exposure to Sulfur Dioxide Fumes and Dust from Coke Fires L. Dunner R. Hardy and D.J.T. Bagnall . Lancet 1214-1217 Dec. 31 1949 - Pneumoconiotic lesions have been found radiologically among workers dioxide in a group of workers whose common history was exposure to sulfur fumes and dust from coke fires Chemical analysis of a fraction of the dust with a particle size of about two microns has revealed iron and Biliceous matter The authors tentative conclusion is that this pulmonary disease arises from the sulfur dioxide or coke dust or both However it is admitted that the evidence now at hand is not conclusive No dust counts or gas concentrations are given Discussion of the paper appears in Lancet Jan. 14 1950 and Dr. Dunner's reply Feb. 11 1950. DEPOSITION DEPOSITION 3-9 EXHIBIT DEPOSITION DEPOSITION 1-0auveleg-Ornad 361 The Morphology of Bauxite Penumoconiosis J.P. Wyatt and A.C.R. | Riddell Am J. Path 25 447-465 May 1949 A description is given of the pathological characteristics found in _ ix fatal cases of this disease together with a short description of the manufacturing process with which the disease is etiologically connected and notes on the history and clinical findings in each case The disease es me w vw e se te 2s y ewer avec ves Cr. wep enter 1007 Findings of Bronchoscopy in E. Concina and O. Orlandi ~ Nov. 1951 Italian Silicosis and Rass med . Tuberculosis ind 20 424-426 The importance of the existence of bronchial lesions in silicosis _ has been underestimated Bronchoscopy allows direct observations of changes in the tracheal and bronchial mucous membrane deviations in the trachea and main bronchi and modifications in the orifices of the lobes and seginents Lavage aspiration of the bronchial section and endo- bronchial administration of adrenaline and antibiotics may be conducted during the process Inflammation of the mucous membranes and other changes characteristic of silicosis are disclosed by this method Findings in 25 patients are reported - Cond from Bull Hyg 1008 The Value of the Electrocardiograph for Examining Silicotics F. Lavenne Institut d'Hygiene des Mines Hasselt Belgium Communication No. 90 5pp 1951 French _ The author used the electrocardiograph to examine 11 cases of anthraco with clinical signs of loss of compensation of the right ventricle and 200 cases of anthraco compensated for invalidity but still ambulant who were doubly classified according to the extent of fibrosis present and according to the amount of emphysema The findings are presented in somewhat cryptic symbolism They are held to justify the claim that the electrocardiograph may be of considerable value in establishing early strain on the right side of the heart . B ull Hyg 1009 Asbestosis Associated with Bronchiogenic Carcinoma and A. A. Angrist Arch Intern Med 88 831-834 R. Stoll R. Bass Dec. German Data for statistical proof of any association of asbestosis with pulmonary carcinoma are hard to collect but three investigators have found carcinoma in 7.5 to 14.8 of cases of asbestosis A case is reported in which a worker had been exposed to asbestos for 6 years and had refused to wear a respirator He came under notice with weakness and a persistent cough Clumps of malignant cells were seen in the bone marrow and ray , showed generalized large discrete oval shadows indicative of pulmonary metastases After death modules varying to 4 cm in diameter were found scattered throughout both lungs with interstitial fibrosis Large areas of necrosis existed throughout the lungs and typical asbestos bodies were seer inside and outside the tumor areas Metastases were found in the kidneys brain and liver The opinion is suggested that the silicate in asbestos must _. itself be directly carcinogenic It establishes an additional reason for pre- ventive measures in the use of asbestos -- Cond from Bull Hyg -Industrial Hygiene Digest IJTERATURE ABSTRACTS . MEDICAL ENGINEERING CHEMICAL . / TOXICOLOGICAL LEGAL decisions and trends e eo et i a : : - . JUNE 1957 . oN 3 7 yo . : rr . : and . a | Oo in fof 2 . : 1 . ~ os 7 os INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION ; MELLON INSTITUTE 4400 FIFTH AVENUE -1- PITTSBURGH PA 3 DEPOSITION EXHIBIT al fe a 79 it seeined that a particle with sharp angles such a the light microscope Incidentally limited on both the space side and quartz particle could easily pierce the layer It was alaining cell membrane a basal meinbrane was not the connective tissue side by an blood and the air space consisted of seven layera In places found The partition between the the alveolar wall the cellular tissue were not in iminediate apposition to where the capillaries tissue fibrils lattice threads elastic fibers and connective was filled with connective space from the alveolar walls and septal cells were found tissue cells Various cells detached be reached on their origin -- Cond from Bull Hyg but ^ definite decision could not 757 balicosis M. Anme 11 Effect of Sex Nagasaki Igakkai 1956 Hormones Hormones on the Amount of Silicon Zassi 31 381-305 Excreted into ~ Urine before and after castration was investigated In the Urinary excretion of silicon while in the case of females it de- of male rabbits silicon increased after castration case creased the normal level after the administration of male hormune or Silicon relurued to -- Chen Absts luteum hormone showed no effect follicular hormone Corpus 758 31 on the Amount of Silicon Excreted in the Silicosis 12. Influence of Thyroid Hormone 438-445 1956 of Rabbits R. Kakita Nagasaki Igakkai Zassi Urine increased the urinary excretion of silicon by 2 to 3 times and retTuhrynerdoitdoecntoormmyal level after the administration of thyroid hormone Injection of and anterior Diiodolyrosine silicon to normal rabbits increased silicon slightly methylthiouracil .. Chem Absts hypophyseal horinone showed no effect 759 14 B1-84 The Neutralization of Silica Toxicity in Vitro Brit J. Ind Med Apr. 1957 J. Marks protected in vitro against the toxic effect of silica dust by Phagocytic cells were methyla- phenylethyl a histamine releasing agent formed from compound 48/80 direct microscopy and by incasurement of their mine The health of the cells was studied by of action of compound 48/80 is consumption and dehydrogenase activity The mode action was glucose but may depend on reduction in silica solubility A slight proteclive Author's summary not known and polymyxin B. -- alkylmono also exhibited by certain 760 Fibrosis Pulnionary Pucuinoconiosis Cell Reaction with Altered Elastic Tissue Endogenous and Giant Arch Pathol 63 75-90 Jan. 1957 R. L. Walford and L. Kaplan findings in 12 autopsied cases of a peculiar pulmonary The clinicopathologic concluded that injured pulmonary elastic and discussed It is elastica disease are presented and produce a progressive pneumoconiosis tissue may act as foreign body or sequestrum Cond from authors summary -- 761 H DEPOSITN EXHIBT 11 ~ Asbestosis with Pleural Calcification among Insulation F. Moller Danish Med Bull 3 202-204 Nov. Workers 1956 J. Frost J. Georg and insulation products including asbestos In Denimark only a few perasnodnsromckanwipouollateThe first two have been regarded as , kieselguhr magnesia glass wool their dust inhaled In order to ascertain any occupational fibrogenic to the lungs when of 52 years average age risk in the work 31 workers with more than 20 yeaArbsnoerxmpaolsiutriees were found in the surpris- asbestosis were carefully examined clinically and by ray indicative of pulmonary ing number of 22 A lotal of nine exhibited fine mottling and extensive thicken- which were due to adhesions In 19 patients pleural changes were seen so widespread in some instances abnormalities in the pleura were be ascribed and ing with calcification The The calcification is muusual may to obliterate other pathological changes as of fibrogenic asbestos dust to calcium and magnesium in the presence The tu combined exposure did not reveal the presence of quartz Sample analyses of the kieselguhr in use series definitely points to an pronounced finding of bilateral pleural changes in the present -- Cond from Bull Hyg ocenpational origin s ee ae ee ae Ge +t i i i , : Industrial Hygiene Digest 0125 March 1961 ^ 270 Asbestosis and Abdominal Neoplasms E. E. Keal Lancet 2 1211 1960 aon a In 1953 an impression was formed at the London pulmonary asbestosis had ovarian Hospital that women suffering from this suspicion and because of the neoplasms more often than other women On the basis of were investigated occurrence of other cases the hospital records since 1948 During that period 23 women and 19 men of asbestosis In this series there were were admitted with a diagnosis 30 deaths 15 men and 15 women Of these 14 died with lung cancer 10 men and but this does not apply to the 4 women This who high incidence in men is partly due to selection women were all smokers Death occurred in one with peritoneal cancer and in 9 women with ovarian or peritoneal cancer man This appeared to be more than a chance association and spread from undiagnosed lung cancer seemed At least 4 of the tumors were not of ovarian origin Some evidence of unlikely of asbestos fibers was adduced and it was suggested that a combination hoefmmaetcohgaenniocuasl sapnrdead chemical factors may determine the peritoneum as the site of moplastic change No single satisfactory explanation for inflammatory these and subsequent the available material cases could be drawn from though they appeared to form clinical entity of statistical significance -- Can Med Assn J. Absts 271 Occupational Medical Investigation in Cement Works Jenny M. Battig et al Schweiz med Wachschr 90 705-709 June 25 1960 German is This the first systematic investigation in Switzerland into the possibility of res- piratory complaints arising from the inhalation of cement dust Swiss cement wo silicosis is not a No free silica is present in some of the workers risk a fact confirmed by the radiological examination of In all 488 employees at 3 factories were studied The absentee rate at one of the factories was much higher than at others the of cough and of those with percentage men complaining of due to social factors sputum was also higher in this plant The cause of this might be partly epidemica etc. A study of smoking habits shows that exposure to dust does not increase coughing in smokers It ia cement suggested that those who are resistant to smoker'a cough are also resistant to dust smokers show a with chronic cough as compared with figures given by another autshuorrpriPseirnhgalypshiaghbeptrtoeprorctoimo- n parison would have been with a occupational group studied by the authors themselves However it is concluded that this shows that cement dust is ages Physical signs found did not lead irritating to the respiratory pas- to any definite conclusion Vital capacity was not in- fluenced by the length of dust exposure In few workers the maximum reduced An attempt was made to relate the expiratory force was the workers into 3 findings to the intensity of exposure by dividing groups The 2 groups most exposed to dust showed a pathological signs but the difference tendency to increased . was not statistically significant . -- Bull Hyg Physiological 272 Study of the Effects of Carbon Black 3 Adsorption Subcutaneous Injections C. A. Nau J. Neal and V. A. Stembridge Arch Environmental Health 1 512-533 Dec. 1960 and Elution Potentials Neither blood plasma nor gastric juice elutes any significant adsorbed when a channel black is suspended in either medium for as long as 7 days component Neither blood plasma nor gastric juice elutes any significant adsorbed component when a furnace black is suspended in either medium for as long as 7 days Channel black binds artificially so firmly that it cannot be removed in benzpyrene adsorbed toto by benzene extraction No signifi- cant extraction of either channel or furnace carbon black was accomplished with gastric juice * which 10 cooking oil was added when contact was maintained for 7 days Subcutaneous or intraperitoneal injection in mice of channel or furnace carbon black leads to no significant changes from the normal Benzene extractives of furnace blacks when injected in oil into ice lead to tumor formation Carbon blacks channel orfurnace orfurnace can absorb and bind known carcinogens so effectively that no tumors are produced when the adsorbed material is sabcutaneously injected Tricaprylin when injected subcutaneously in mice may cause tumor formation DEPOSITION DEPOSITION ~- Authors conclusions cee ee i EXHIBIT I I 19 ne ey Ned da DOME eben awe MO Aanna,a . Industrial Hygiene DigestDigeysty Digesty 26 oo August 1962 757 Diffuse Pleural Mesotheliomas in South Africa S. African Med J. 35 28-34 1961 C. A. Sleggs P. March and J. C. Wagner Although diffuse pleural mesothelioma is regarded as a rare tumor the authors h^re to had personal experience with 34 cases This remarkable experience is apparently related the area of asbestos production in South Africa Asbestosis was seen in 6 of the 7 autopsies and 9 of 11 biopsies However only 19 of the persons had been employed in the asbestos i industry all but two of the remaining members of the group had been born and lived in this to ducing area of Cape Province asbestos Symptoms began with bronchitis and pleural pain progressed pa- pleural effusion and pleural thickening and finally manifested thoracic malignancy Eight tients developed peritoneal involvement Other metastases had involved cervical nodes sub- cutaneous tissue and the tongue Experience with therapy had been very unsatisfactory tis patients of the group who died % did so within the first year 4 years was the longest survival time observed -- APCA Absta 758 Foreign Body Granulomas Caused by Glove Dusting Powders K. Hupe Chirurg 33 97 Mar. 1962 Chirurg Der Zeitschrift fuer alle Gebiete der Operativen Medizin Springer Heidelberger Platz 3 Berlin Wilmersdorf West German*y After it had been discovered that the use of talcum powder in surgical gloves could that give rise to postoperative formation of granulomas and adhesions it had been recommended corn starch powder be used in place of talcum The author investigated investigated the reaction to cora ; starch powder in 24 rats Corn starch glove powder was injected subcutaneously into the fat tissue in doses of 50 or 100 mg and intraperitoneally in doses of 200 mg The animals were : killed in groups of 4 at intervals of one month Except in 2 animals in which the subcutanemis fat tissue contained a nodule the size of a millet seed 1 and 2 months after the injection of 120 mg of powder no granuloma formations were detectable macroscopically None the animals revealed showed intraperitoneal adhesions Histological studies on the subcutaneous fat tissues in all animals at the sites of injection typical foreign body granulomas with macrophages his- tocytes lymphocytes giant cells fibroblasts and capillary buds Starch granules were dif- fusely disseminated and after one month about half of the granules had been incorporated inm cells and after 3 months all were intracellular At this time lymphocytes and giant cells shawed considerable retrogression After 6 months many starch granules had been phagocytized by histiocytes and macrophages The author concludes that although starch powders are less in- jurious to tissues than are talcum formation the difference is only quantitative rat cles are not completely absorbed powders in that they cause less inflammation and granuloma They are not indifferent since inoculated pani- The formation of new collagenous or elastic fibers was , observed No intraperitoneal adhesions developed from corn starch powders --o J. Am Med Assn References and Reviews PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF THE ENVIRONMENT 759 Myocardial Damage in Caisson Workers Arch Gewerbepathol Gewerbehyg 16 1. Rozsahegyi and I. Kenedi 610-631 1961 German DEPOSITONEXHIBT5-5-99 TW The present paper from the State Institute of Industrial Medicine Budapest contains an account of the study of 316 caisson workers engaged in building the Budapest undergomand railway and a control group of 300 men in other types of work The purpose of the study was to determine the comparative incidence in the 2 groups of electrocardiographic signs of myocardial damage the actual types of these signs and the relation of these signs to ability to work at in- creased atmospheric pressure Among the conclusions the following are stated 1 Abnormali- ties in the electrocardiogram were significantly more frequent in caisson workers at all ages than in control workers This finding is all the more important because the precautions taken * Address not in current List of Periodicals 20 ; vol Industrial Hygiene Digest 26 December 1962 symptoms were referable to the central nervous system and that he died from terminal pneumonia following a rapidly progressive encephalopathy associated with epileptiform attacks He had no presenting pulmonary symptoms and ray examination of the chest showed only slight abnormalities Radiographic examination of the chests of 53 other workers in the same factory and clinical examination with lung function tests of 23 of them revealed no other definite cases of aluminum fibrosis of the lung nor any other cases with neurological signs and symptoms Estimations of the aluminum contents of the body tissues such as the lungs brain liver and bone are also recorded When compared with normal values it was found that the lungs and brain contained about 20 times and the liver 122 times more than normal The results of a survey of the dust concentrations in the factory are also given The use of aluminum compounds in the experimental production of epilepsy in primates is reviewed it is suggested that the neurological signs and symptoms with epileptiform convulsions which occurred in this case might have been related to aluminum in- toxication The authors.hold authors.hold the view however that the interstitial and nodular fibrosis found in the lungs dust was undoubtedly associated with the inhalation and retention of aluminum -- Cond from authors abst 1171 Pleural Asbestosis H. B. Eisenstadt Am Practitioner Dig Treat 13. 573 Sept. 1962 American Practitioner and Digest of Treatment 227-231 South Sixth St. Philadelphia Pa * Because of the widespread industrial use of asbestos the number of persons suffering from asbestosis is increasing Frequently the correct diagnosis is never established Pleural asbestosis may occur with only minimum parenchymal involvement and it may present itself as acute chronic or recurrent pleuritis or as pleural mesothelioma Three cases were ob- served among oil refinery workers one with recurrent pleurisy one with pleural calcification followed by tumor formation and one with primary mesothelioma Only lung biopsy will es- tablish the correct diagnosis Pleural biopsy is nonspecific -- J. Am Med Assn References & Reviews 1172 Asbestosis and Carcinoma of the Lung Cancer 15 1181 Nov. Dec 1962 J. F. Cordova H. Tesluk and K. P. Knudtson Eleven cases of asbestosis associated with carcinoma of the lung are presented A known exposure to asbestos dust was obtained in 7 of these cases In 2 cases evidence is presented for multifocal origin of the malignant tumor The relationship of asbestos bodies as a carcinogen in the production of lung cancer is discussed -- J. Am Med Assn References & Reviews PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF THE ENVIRONMENT 1173 Restoration of Hearing by Surgical Procedures J. Occ Med 4 518-520 Oct. 1962 F. A. Perri DEPOSITION EXHIBIT K The author has determined that the stapes procedures which are more extensive than mobilization procedures are far more likely to produce a permanent return of auditory acuity to levels within acceptable social limits In a few instances the operation described has been performed on patients having a loss of tearing by bone conduction at or near the 30 db level with improvement shown audiometrically by air conduction and bone conduction -- Author's conclusion * Address not in current List of Periodicals 21 PET ves (