Document VOwzKyxdZZ5JpoJQOv08081p
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N49749
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' ' fAn
LEAD.1 !!$$$
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By C. E. Se e b e n t h a l 1 and A. St
IS*
8TJMMABY. ; ' -
Statistics of refined lead, 19il and I9llj in sho
heatio desilverized load........
otoestlo soft load..........................
.jieatlo desilverized soft lead. (,!' .
PRODUCTION.
Peign desilverized load.
Totalreflned primary olead. ntimoniallead..
gndary lead.................................................................................*...
c o n s u mp t io n .*
.
iroannt consumption of primary lead, stocks disregarded..
.. "Primary lead," which is produced directly-from ore', is here distingui
Which is obtained by refining shimmings, drossos, and old metals. The s
nvenonp.29. In tnis roport the word "lead " used without qualification
8ttFor method of calculating consumption see p. 34. . <
'-
.................. ' - ;''
fThe output of refined lead in the United States
jiU922 was 468,746 short tons, valued at $51,562
*" g price of pig lead, a gain, as compared with
tl-quan"tity ama-of 4' 4' per cen't i'n va'lue.
PRODUCTION.;
^Quantity and value.--The refined lead produced bm 1720 to 1914 from domestic ores and from fo Million and its value at the average price in New Y Jlblein the chapter on lead in Mineral Resources ||ter years are shown in the annual chapters. :
" '-
Refined lead produced in the United States, 19l
Quantity (short tons).
-
r
Desilver ized
lead.o,*
1
1
Soft lead.c
Total pro duction.^
From domestio oresl and base |
bullion.&
'1 From ' foreign;. ores.
F
fo 'b bu
||p
my-
Sniff* .
sfwrw y
.............
422,266 429,732 334,476 339,803 291,070 323,412
188,503 210,463 147,744 189,854 157,513 209,250
010:769 040,195 482,220 529,657 448,589 532,662
548,450 539,905 1
424,433 476, 849 398,222'
468,746
15,872 15,334
7,656 8,414 7,110 13,898
: ! i. 'i J
*
i
^-Desilverized soft lead is Included; for quantity, see p. 28.
tAntlmonial lead is excluded;for quantity, see p. 29. ..
fDeeilverized soft lead is exoluded.
'/
X Chapters on le!d giving more than ordinary detail were published In M gjbllisble of production) and 1918 (the lead Industryin relation to the 'Wo
` -
28 MINERAL RESOURCES, 1922--PART I.
Production by Stales.--In addition to the domestic lead ores smelted in this country, small quantities of domestic lead ore have bee* exported to smelters in Canada. In 1917 silver-lead ores from i-dan, and Montana smelted in Canada produced 4,570 tons of lead. Ur& from Washington yielded 1,388 tons of load at Canadian smelters ifl 1918 and 3 tons in 1919, but no lead ore from the United States treated in Canada in 1920-1922.
Primary lead smelled orrefined in the United States, 1917-2922, by gources, in short
Source of ore.
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922JS
Domestic ore: Alaska............................................... Arizona......................................... Arkansas *....................................... California......................................... Colorado. i..................................... Idaho................................................ Illinois*........... ............................... Kansas a......................................... Kentucky*................................... Missouri ....................................... Montana......................................... Nevada........................................... New Hampshire......................... New Mexico..................................
New York...................................... Oklahoma*..................................
Oregon................ ............................ South Dakota............................... Tennessee *...................................
Texas............................................... Utah................................................. Virginia*....................................... Washington.................................
Wisconsin*................................... Undistributed.............................. Zinc residues.................................
884 7,450
531 6,105
645 6,407
591 6,987
773 3,313
11,471 29 327 174,045
867 2,063
21 218,197
5 933 12,334
**3,428'
19,646
.............34
................68* 82,081
929' 2,930
146 . 0,489
579,385
0,228 29,395 142,640
1,010 6,023
100
187,743 17,586 8,726
18,867 89,091
977 7,951
- 150,341 17,513 5,958
s^uiT
1,418
68,755 49,984
28
843 30 76,169
50 906 4,275
50 6,360
2,371 8
65,102
1,090 3,975
119 4,887
656,878 427,825
17 752 117,191
948 8,421
114 171,999
13,231 8,650
1,123
68,494
12,104 99,707
271 10,939
41 151,028
11,505 3,553
384
46,902
u'i3 91,497
:7 m
w
'I
87,j
2,705
' /jr-Mj
r 64,006
...............i*
51,872
V*'63j.lg i
2,460 3,841
201 4,300
325
1,079
101 713
494,347 395,287
Forolen oro: Arrica........................................................... Australia..................................................... Canada.......................................................
. .
1,738 1,100
1,519
282 7,550
Central America...................................... Mexico.........................................................
*. ' *7,007 ' * * *4,* 70S*
South America....................................... . . Other foreign.......................................... .
1,533 3,894
1,101 84
Foreign base bullion:
Canada....................................................... .
0,760
Mexico....................................................... . 30,508
South America....................................... .
189
8,108 76,809
39
62,319 100,290
044 09
1,895 12
2,201 2,537
238
507 49, 564
57,787
1,171 450
1,186 22
2,729 2,747
109
1,919 42,421
54
52,808
2,877 6
1,912 2,235
90
1,699 41,648
60,367
3,M :k
.'f 2.W
63,91
Grand total.
. 641.704 " 65V68T~485,~612 547,155 445,064 545,ft ____-J
* Tbo lead produced by thoso Statos i3 nonargontlforous or soft load.
Soft lead--The lead ores of the Mississippi Valley are almost.:frl from silver, and the lead produced from them is known as "soft lel
Soft lead produced in the United Stales, 1917-1922, in short tons.
Year.
Soft ptglead.
Undesil Desilver verized. ized.
Total.
Soltlead recovered
In pig ments.
Total soltlead.
Total domestic
lead.*
SoftU pera
age tot dome led
1917............................... '......................
1921........................................................ 1922........................................................
188,503
147.744 189,854 157,513 209,250
50,268 . 244,771
e7|e3s
00,608 52,747 74,305
215,082 256,522 210,260
. 283,555
12,870
11.479 16,960 10.158 1 13,892 1
257,641
227,161
220,418 297,447
574,338
662,218 ' 444,250
600,841 415,055 488,448
; yifi
Includes domestic refined lead, domestic lead In anttmonial lead, and domestic lead In plgmenta.J
''
fpwL
' l ead,
vsaa ^itiTTu)nidi lead.--` The production of[tbykpr
p argentiferous lead ores- derived >frdml aif)st lad refineries operating in this'countfjif'iM 1^1914 in Mineral Resources',!'il914^and2fq So'urces, 1920. ^ :u: v ik m uof bdiWi
KU ' ESsI Bp?!* gflter.
||fc*
Total lead refined frombase bullion (short tons).
centage
of by
product From
anti* domestic
raonlal
ore
lead. (short
tons).
From foreign
ore shftrt
i ' :i '.-v ; - r j-
j Short tons.
. ........
! Value.
fe....
S u. f.Vu---
305,998 382,314 260,538 273, 135 238,329
249,107
garage. ..................
5.1 4.9 5.2 4.6 4.2 3.2
4.61
i ... '
16,279 10,777 9,674 9,604 7,881.
7,068
:
.' .
3,367 7,793 4,200 2,931 2.183 1,007
' 18,646 13,781,56
18^570 2,826,36
i 13,874 ! 1,513,96
j 12,535 ! 1,963,25
; 10,064
870 05
\ 8,076 | ' 844,99
-* - <
.
C ' :;
_ |.
^jejad pigments.--Leaded zinc oxide, zmc-lead
and sublimed blue lead are made directly fro
l&inents is discussed and the Output given else
the chapter on lead and zinc pigments and
ft of pigments smelted directly from ore is oiumn of the last table on page 28. The.
"gin pig lead (white lead, red lead, orange m
lodiscussed and the output given in the cha
Igments.
. ' '
Secondary lead.--Secondary lead is obtained
Uigs, drosses, old metal, and alloys, such .aa
pe-metal. The recovery of lead by reining
tutes an integral part of the lead industry,.<>!'>
|.JU
. ' i.l .
jghii- Secondary lead recovered in the United Stales, .1917rl
il-U'---------------
''
Year.
Pig lead.
Sa w .
production.--.The preceding tables give
smelting and refining, operatjoDaL-^
JfflrW16 alloy antimonial lead,;or as lead'i^jpig
gum-dead is much more accurately shoym.'byV
jgWise smelters necessarily treat mixtures df.
j||:102B3--25------ 11
.'
80 MINERAL RESOURCES, 1922--PART I.
after they have been received, so that the actual output of met^,
lead may not correspond at all closely to the product of the nr
for the same year.'
_
The following" table gives the mine output of lead since If
Figures of mine production for 1907-1918-, inclusive, are giveu^"
page 946 of the chapter on lead in Mineral Resources for 1918.
Him production of lead by States, 1917-1922, in short tons.
State.
Alaska............ Arizona............ Arkansas.......... California......... Colorado........... Georgia............. Idaho................. Illinois.............. Iowa................... Kansas.............. Kentucky........ Maine................. Massachusetts. Missouri............ ' Montana.......... Nevada............. NewHampshlr New Mexico... New York.... North Carolina Oklahoma........ Oregon.............. Pennsylvania. South Dakota. Tennessee.. Texas.......... Utah............ Virginia___ Washington Wisconsin..
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
852 11,733
382 10,934 33,905
196,780 1,439 34 3,025 123
234,150 10,976 13,839 48 4,554
............ i 26,353
34 2,531
1 89,201
859 4,895 4,139
504 0,252
120 0,086 32,98*7
147,348 2,273
687 5,102
28 1,784 18,635
91,171 2,105
875
7,300 8
2,407 23,315
2 124,805
1,743
7,252 185
194,175 18,508 11,658 '30 4,199
. 29
11,283 86 1
'163^296' 17,219 7,075
*1^443
16,788 122
`i 4 165,114
15,627 10,632
'"MM
"50,697' `'53,"872 5
...........27
1,705 13
83,504 815
2,636 4,633
16 2,188
7 61,915
1,073 4,214
65,394 ...........7
6 1,979
2,894 2,647
660,949 681,654 443,694 513,533
759 3,271
21 562 0,830 *99,*235' 672 18,679
69
339
41,552*
2
44,594* 72
972
TRADE CONDITIONS.
WORLD'S SMELTER PRODUCTION.
In tho following table, prepared by W. I. Whiteside, of the Uni States Geological Survey, the figures in black-faced type are 14 from the official statistics of the countries named; those in ordiri type, for years prior to 1922, are taken from the 1921 issue ofyearbook of the American Bureau of Metal Statistics, an associa1 of the copper producers, the lead producers, and the principal producers of this country. Those in ordinary type for 1922 are.ta from the trade press. The official statistics will be substituted in/ record as fast as they are made available.
There is always a possibility of duplication in figures showing production, for some countries send "work lead" or base bulli, other countries for refining. Furthermore, secondary and antim lead are included in the figures showing the foreign production, s to put the United States on an equal footing in the statistics it".., be necessary to include in its production the domestic output# ondary lead, and antimonial lead. The figures for the United represent refined lead that was smelted in this country, whatev' source of the ore.
m
.* * -^ *.
* *".j
' World's snielUr production ofUad;`'l913`4fy$j<
67 counwes wb#"
nji per Sllosia.........
^.B.j&ritraGine,rmany.... "* *
Burma).
41,300
146,667
18,420 18,309
1,137 6,961 21,674 3,777 57.488
*................................. y
iierica....................
296
<)
1,623 2,476 198,829 1,236
'''ii'ooo'
^States (reined)......... / 385,643
!, 960 ft, 268 .11,430 1,422 . 6,000 17,233 16,237 16,807 39.005
$
' 4,148 176,309 3,174
. 18,690 3,000
511,942 -
23,960 40,617 11,083 4,093
(}
19,380 >18,332
10,884 83,705
s
4.781 199,709
2,241 19,533
2,5fl0: 503/702
13,590
39,009.
10,441' . 3,841
1^396 ;
' 18,530' V ; 8,771
76,384 ^ 636
12,869 y, /*44
() 6,'565' 128,721
... .827 5,800
"1,000 X -391,982 .
1,151,000 1,2,000 1,140,000 852,000 .
Jailstics not available.
.-
WKumanla.
' '"
Iftxican output as reported by American Btlroau of Metal Statistics, lose
itffrom Mexican oro.
.v
tf-)6.Bussla.
;.
6'Hungary.
";
` 'lyear, Apr. 1 of year given to Mar, 31 of following year;
^vV.y -
- IMPORTS AKD BXPOBTS.1^ ; : :A
! following tables were compiled from the rec Foreign and Domestic Commerce by J. A. Uo ftes; Geological Survey.
11.
Iremmniny in warehouse in the United Stales, Dec. \
(Stated In tho form In which the material i
1917
1918
; : ,1919 !
Jbaae bullion., s/and old...
irei not available.
47,853,945 33,997,822
5,370,446
944,483
90,952,684 468,154
102,440,3 '2,644,5
-r r;v
ifr
b- j
lead 1 a ore.
Base bullion.
founds. Value, Pounds. rj4---
Value.
Pigs, bars, and old. ,nj Sheets u.and
Poun^ Pounds. /Value/-.
1^438,931
8207,370 6,965,849 $;004,902 344,080 3.559,071 4,106,823 190,303 31*, 796,093 13,700,499 008,619 60,810,820 6,842,807 327,046 56,819,980 23,049,851 812,603 65,859,422 k
6470,539 1,756,223
180,070 1,139,950 1,130,937 10,174,115 3,340,600 68,901,659 1,668,410 61,909,094 1,815,142 18,563,110
185,-743 :'ft 12,63
66/694 j.8?
415,094
.8,01
3,887;821 81,39
1,972,716 :r 3,08
<>335,924 - -6.JW r. / /.>/
82 MINERAL RESOURCES, 1922--PART I.
Type metal imported and entered for consumption in the United States, 1917-1911.//.,
rl
Type metal.
Lead content.
Year
Pounds.
Value.
Pounds. Percentage. :n
11991187....
1919.. 1920.. 1921.. 1922..
Average lead content, 101T-1922.
651,794 13,394,803 29,887,353 38r971,351
43,305,120
$35,938 816,042
1,349,495
1,191,653 1,082,832
513,166 11,000,498 25,761,543 30,706,845 32,785,042
93.0 82.1 86,2 78.8 75.6*
79.$
General imports of lead into the United States, 1917--1922, by classes, in pounds.
Year.
Lead In ore.
1922..........................................................
41,292,876 37,070,340 19,673,856 29,488,816
14,234,039 24,474,481
Base bullion.
Gross weight.
' Lead content.
109,279,997 155,810,003 115,317,160 101,476,650
77,882,834
(<)
103,664,970 149,663,889 112,024,618 . 96,103,003 71,733,838
124,074,465
Pigs, bars,
sheets, and old.
Total leadil content.'/jji
-
______ di
11,585,974 10,480,531 10,214,753 71,437,108 62,602,534
7,101,623
156,543,820 107,214,700 141,813,127 197.029,527' 148,570,411
155,650,660
a Figures not available.
.iff,
General imports of lead into the United Stales, in ore, base bullion, and refined, 1917-1922}
^ by sources, in pounds.
"
Year.
1917. 1918. 1919. 1920. 1921. 1922
Canada.
Moxlco.
South America.
Europe. '
Othor countries.
Total . Imports. ,
11,738,379 28,225,878 10,391,115
8,199,234
8,127,158 8,003,230
125,782,759 162,259,199 125,541,614
131,815,278 106,406,238 141,216,136
4,558,460 1,962,124
5,504,416 7,085,351 2,381,365 3,803,478
8,945,899 62,610
89,840 38,766,504
30,224,701 1,454,384
5,620,323 4,705,049
286,142 11,163,160
1,430,949 613,335
156,543,820 197,214,760 141,813,127; 197,029,627
148,570,411 155,050,669
The high price of lead shortly before and during the World Wa made it profitable to export domestic lead. Beginning in March 1914, the exports soon reached large quantities, but they declinq rapidly after the war.
Refined lead madefrom domestic ores and exportedfrom the United Slates, 1914-1922'%
Year.
Short tons. Value.
1914............................................ 1916............................................
1917........................................... 1918...........................................
68,722
88,306 100,500
53,688 41,831
$4,501,674 7,928,518
13,494,065 9,560,598 6,889,381
1919.
1920. 1921 1922
Year,
Snort tons. Valued
10,510
2,730 1,624
6,823
$1,471,7
462, 177, 604,
" : ' LEAD; ^
jrfey foreign-lead exports are meant1 the export ^rigm which has been smelted, refined, or. manufa |ty and then shipped abroad. . . -7 :
$i.: Foreign lead exportedfrom the United Stales, 1
Exported from
Year.'
Pigs, bars, and old
Pounds.' '. . Val
1917., 11918.. *1919.,
E1920., .1921..
1922.,
75.304.480 118,832,344
34,726,601 50,000,269 64,709,305
> <$6,66 8,30
4,53 i.. 2,57
2,28 3,17
Ef a 8inco July 1, 1915, tho Bureau of Forolgn and Domestic Commerce has
K or refined in this country and exported as "domestic oxports of pigs, bars, e
R-These figures include also the re-exports of foreign pigs and bars.
.
Wpomestic and foreign pig lead exported from the . United StateS
m I Figuros In parefitHfcses are not duplicated In the t
t. l'::
Destination.
gAfiia............................. ft; : Japan.....................
1921.
^Australia and Oceania..
Ki Philippine Islands. fCanada.................................. SCuba.......................................
BEuropo.................................. &' Denmark..................... gafc:; France........................... Bfe:* Germany......................
R! Oreat Britain............. IS?- - Netherlands................ gMexico...................................
egouth Amoricn...................
EH*- Argentina.................... E& Braxll___ :....................
Kg' Uruguay......................
BOther countries...........i..
^'Philippine islands.
Australia and Oceania.
Europe...................... gsjvBenmark......... Eg. Franco............... gS.Oermany......... B&Great Britain. m'Netherlands..
gfeth America.. HPArgentina... KtBraiil............ EE^Uruguay___ Panama................ Dthar countries.
Domestic. ShorttonB. Va
47
' (28) 39
r(38) 170 79 979
ir.H f (2
n: 4 .,,(3, :l.!9l'
.9 ' 97
*''(57 (21
(15 13 14
(4
(1 .6 8
1,624
177
305 (240).
(381 )
337 84
' 3,819 (112)
(1,737) " (594V . (1,374)
7W
1,120
5,823
34 MINERAL RESOURCES, 1922--PART I.
CONSUMPTION.
Apparent consumption of refined primary lead in the United States, refinery stochs disre
garded, in short tons, 1917--1922.
:
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922 .
Supplj:
Stock In bonded warehouse Jan. 1........ Imports of pigs, bars, and old.................
Production......................................................
636 5,793
610,760
"Withdrawn:
Exports of foreign lead-- From warehouse...................................
In manufactures, with benefit of drawback.............................................
Exports of domestic lead........................... Stock In bonded warehouse Bee. 31 --
017,097
37,652
7,537 63,688
2,685
101,562
Apparent consumption.......................... 615,635
2,085 6,240
040,196
472 6,107 482,220
487,700
59,410 40,976
3,420.
1,936
41,831 . 10.510
472 234
105,U5 53,656
642,975 434,143
234 35,719 629,667
605,010
17,303
0,176 2,730 1,322
27,590
638,020
1,322 31,301 448,680
481,212
25,000
9,309 1,024
347
30,340
444,872
347 3,651 632,062
630,660
32,355 6,677 5.823 (5 r
43,855
492,705
Figures not available.
CUSTOMS DUTIES ON LEAD.
In the following table are shown the tariff imposts on lead in ore!' and as metal in the tariff acts of 1909, 1913, and 1922. As the) duties levied on lead in the tariff of 1913 were ad valorem, in part, , the average duty collected over the whole period that the tariff of : 1913 was in effect (October 3, 1913, to September 21, 1922) has been calculated, to make comparison easy. The total duty collected on? each class has been divided by the total number of pounds of lead in* that class to obtain the average duty collected per pound, and this? has been inserted in the table in another column for comparison with tho specific dutios of other tariffs.
Comparison of tariff imposts on lead in acts of 1909, 1913, and 1922, in cents per pound.:
1909
1913
Tariff.
Average collected.
1922
Base bullion, load content................................................................... Load, pigs, bars nnd old....................................................................... Sheets, pipe, shot, etc............................................................................ Type metal, lead content.....................................................................
Cents. n
21
2\ 2
n
25 per cent.. 26 per cent.. 25 per eeDt.. 15per cent..
Cents. * 1 ia
2 i
Cents. 1
2 2 2
2
PRICES AND VALUE.
Lead was quoted for immediate delivery in New York at the beginning of 1922 at 4.7 cents a pound in the open market and: remained at that figure through the first three months of the year,. By early June the price had risen to 5.8 cents, and it stood slightly under this figure until the later part of August. A gradual rise' brought the price to 7.25 cents at the end of the year.
The average quoted price for lead for prompt delivery in New York for the year was a little under 5.7 cents a pound, as compared
86 MINERAL RESOURCES, 1922--PART I.
with 4.7 cents in 1921. The average selling price, figured on the tot;
sales during the year, was 5.5 cents a pound, as compared with 4/, cents in 1921. The-average selling price is used in calculating th value of lead produced from domestic ores in the United States.
Prices quoted on lead by the American Smelting dc Rejining Co. in 1922, in cents a poun
Jan.2. .......................... 4.70
..........................4.80
.......................... 4.90
Apr. 7.
5. 00
Apr. 20.......................... 5.10
Apr. ~' .......................... 5.25
........................... 5.35
May 18.............. .......... 6.50
May-29.............. .......... 5.65
June 7............... .......... 6.75
........... 5.90
Sept. 14............ .......... G. 00
Sept. 19............
6.10
Sept. 22............ .......... 6.26
Sept. 27............ .......... 6.
Oct. 6................ Nov. 1.............. .......... 0: Nov. 2.............. Nov. 24............
Dec. 19............. Dec. 29.............
The London price of lead was very close to the New York pri
at the beginning of the year, but the difference between the
gradually widened until it was nearly 2 cents a pound at the end oi
the year, in part owing to the tariff of 1922, which imposes a duty .O
2| cents a pound on imported lead. These facts are shown in a st `
mg way by the graphs in.Figure 1, which take into account t
fluctuations in exchange and show that the London market w
more responsive to trade conditions than the New York market. .
As stated on page 27, the value of the refined lead produced r
the United States from domestic ores in 1922 was $51,562,000:"
the average price of refined lead, as compared with $35,840,000
the average price in 1921, a gain of 44 per cent.
ifiro i
.i T;!/'i
JAJiayi
T Nil. is; '*>! J A
ZINC.1
By O.E. Sie b e n t s a l 'and A. St o l l .
SUMMARY.
. '
UT-I (I ::t.r.llTSia
Zinc produced and consumed in the United States, 1921-22, in
fc- ______________ - ^
.ui~r
3j *7. .
: " :"l. : i- :_1 ;(: "
m
miltion of primary zinc:
'
,, fom domestic ore;..,........ .................. foreign ore................... ....................
il.......
..........V 7' -' V;','' 7.7 * 77-V.'r /; * 7>rJ',V 1
. ion o/sccbndary zinc: <* `
V
!
distilled............................. .............. ____________
smelted.................................................................................................;
si >t-:
'nil
jjj>
' <
' ':< -:! 1 f ' V i i; ? f /. < ij.'uj
^i^tconsnmptldn of primary zlqc.......... --...... .'.V... i!;!.
re^^rlmary zinc/' which is produced directly Irom ore, Is hero distinguish^lfro
lch Is obtained by refining zmev. ashes. JsAkiiiruoiLmLmUiggSa.j drosses, oaunud uoilud umieeutatulss.. Truhee ss
f.gziivnecn. on page 40. wnei >'* ver In this repoct the wor7d- '""zinc" is used without q
....
.U-;
' '
0wing to necessary economies in Gpverpment jprihtm
wined advisable to omit the notes explaining-thb ta
ppfts. The reader will find the full notes in'tne chap
liberal Resources for 1918. For the same reason the p
pjthe; tables has generally been limited to the years 1
|mimefi ttoaKblleoos hhfatTvTen Kbeflennn ortmtviiitftle-Ad/l. I
PRODUCTION.
PRIMABY ZINC.
'
.
f primary zinc produced in the United States, 1917-1922, in s
""
.,
.. i
Apportioned according to scraree of ore.. . . . .
1917
' 1918 :
1919
. -'iim
1920
1 domestic.
[Canada................ ^Mexico................. iBouth America.
I?
'otai foreign.,
.frtital primary.
584,597 492,405
6,7S7 8,700
*40,360, .. -.14,043.
"`ii'eso'
886' 113
26,140 . 1,780
452,272 450,045
.i-lki M U-ii
4,007
` 8,083
751
. '1,583 ,..8/078
7 536
*['**030*.
84,976 25,522 1 13/(71: ;i-18,'832
669;573 1 617,927- `{465> V431 1 468ih7Ji
40 MINERAL RESOURCES, 1922--PART I.
ZINC BUST. Zinc dust produced in the United States, 1917-1922.
Prepared "blue powder."
Zinc dust "atomised."
Year.
Short tons.
Value.a
Avorago prico por pound.
Short tons.
Average
Value.** price p*
pfr"^
1917..
1918. 1919. 1920. 1921.
19M..
3,989 4,016 5 4,083
b 9,000 b 2,000 b 3,394
$1,322,196 877,171 801,366
2,009,117 333,390 531,225
$0.106 .109 .098
.111 .083 .078
1,924
2,979 5 2,515 b 2,273
b 789
b 3,634
$042,782
773,740
624,604 612,833 120,231 630,920
$<|l
liia
u07$ .074
Valueis calculated from tho total value of raatorial sold during year, b statistics of the quantity of secondary zinc recovered as zinc dust are given In the table below head "Secondary zinc."
The average price of zinc dust, "blue powder," as calculated frotx s b.'-.8 during the year, was 7.8 cents a pound, and "atomized" zin' dn t brought 7.4 cents a pound. "Blue powder" brought a high average price than "atomized" dust because much of it was sol in the far West, where higher prices prevailed. The weekly flu. tuition in the quoted price of zinc dust is shown in Figure 3 (p. 52
ZINC PIGMENTS.
,inc forms the base, either in whole or in part, of four white pig
m< its--zinc oxide, leaded zinc oxide, zinc-lead oxide, and lithopone
Dr1 nils of the production of zinc pigments and of market condition^: arc given in the chapter on lead ana zinc pigments and salts.
' he zinc content of the pigments made in the United States from
or<. both domestic and foreign, for the period 1917-1922 is given ill
the table below. Statistics of the secondary zinc recovered in th
form of pigments are given under the next heading.
I
Primary zinc content of zinc pigments made in the United States, 1917-1922, in
tons.
1917 ..................................................... 97,573 1920.................................................... 110,69 1918 ................................................... 102,778 1921...... ............................................ 53,48
1919 ..................................................... 96,817 1922....................................................... 93, V
s e c o n d a r y z in c .*
Secondary zinc recovered in the United States, 1920-1922, in short tons.
Secondary zinc, rodistilled....................................................... Secondary zinc, remelted......................................................... Recovered zinc in alloys, excluding old brass remeltcd Recovered zinc In remelted brass.........................................
Secondary zinc recovered as metal...........................
U
i.econdary zinc recovered In zinc dust.................................. 'jqcondary zinc recovered in pigments................................ Secondary zinc recovered in zinc salts................................
Total secondary zinc......................................................
* See page 37 for definition of secondary zinc.
1920
1921
21,371 21,479
7,650 65,000
115,5(0
1,0C1
12,870 9,479
139,000
17,573 16,260
5,840 38,627
78,300
755 4,024 10,225
93,000
32,
3100,,
60,
139,"
3, 8,
9,0
161,"
I ZINC.':-!.' Ilf
SPu.
BY-PRODUCT SULPHURIC-, ACID. V 't * r
PAh important by-product of zinc-smelting operat
hhric acid made from the sulphur gases evolved inTq
lphide ores preparatory to their distillation'.orico
jade or. to zinc salts. . Sulphur gases from zinc ores
$|zed by Matthiesson & Begeler, at La Salle, 111.',' in
Ldre are numerous acid plants using these, gases: ' ; Th
$$ be located at zinc smelters and'zinc-oxide plan
|aM.magnetic separating plants, at the | mines, or
tarkets, the roasted concentrates being shipped to' pother zinc plants. Figures of output of this hy-p
teiperiod 1914-1920 were given in the chapter-'oh
.iesources, 1920. The following table is made up; fr
|f';the biennial census of manufactures by the Burea
Apartment of Commerce. The quantity and valu
from copper ores is included for comparison. '
By-product sulphuric acid produced in the United States, 191
-\>/S
'* Add made from zinc ores.
wKtifiibcr of establishments.
dd reported as 60-60 o Baumfi:
sjFi Total.......................................................................................... .short tons. ;
Consumed at works.
.d' o...-
ill Sold.
.do....'
$& Value of acid sold:
Total............................... ...................................................................................... .
ut.- Averago................................................................................................................. ..
PAdd reported as 66 Baum<5 and stronger:
,
..
Total......................................................................................... ..................... short tons.'
n*Consumed at works............ ; ................;...................................................do:i.
^I'Sold.
L* :'
RValueol add sold:
"
j>.r Total..........................:.........................................................................................
\\ $
k j V . Average..................................... ........................................................................
Total acid sola, equivalent In 60 Baumd:
'
,
^`Quantity....................................................................................................... short tons.. '
W-' 'Value................................................................................ : .
' ' $
A dd made from copper ores.
Number of establishments..
___
Total acid sold, equivalent in 60 Baum6:
j&.Quantity.............................................................
ftvyalue............................. ........ ............
.short tOni'>,
V-.I
H'.-
MINE PRODUCTION.- :: ............... .
JgThe preceding tables give the quantity of zinbreed natal by smelting and by electrolytic reduction,Ypi^
^gfchmiii pigments.. The following table shows-th
$5iiiestic zinc that is recovered by. metanurgid-iop
TSgin of the zinc by States is obtained more.iacq
pipxts of mines, because smelters necessarily trea/jn
jMetim.es long after thoy have been receiyed^-sde |u{put: of metallic zinc may hot' CorreanoHdraCTf
`gHniict of the mines for the same year. The dataT
hine production are taken from the reports on gold
^.dj-and zinc in the different States. ............
7b MINERAL RESOURCES, 1022--PART I.
chemical reaction during manufacture, and not by grinding, as might be su posed.'
In addition to the method of manufacture of calcium arsenate outlined abov by which practically all the calcium arsenate heretofore used has been mad there are several new methods being developed in response to the great d'
mand caused by the ravages of the cotton-boll weevil. Of these, the one whic Is based on the use of a natural deposit of ferric arsenate (the mineral scoro dlte) -has received the greatest notice and Is now being operated on a commer cial scale. In this process the arsenic does not huve to he oxidized, for It I already present in the pentavalent form. Other methods using chlorine fof the oxidation of arsenlte to arsenate are being developed, but they have not yet assunled .commercial Importance.
Calcium arsenate from scorodite,--The Salt Lake Insecticide Co.f,
at Salt Lake City, began in January, 1923, to manufacture calcium
arsenate direct from ore, the principal arsenic mineral of which ij!
scorodite, a hydrous ferric arsenate. As is common with new rnanu^
facturing plants, progress was slow at first while details of the prod
ess were Deing perfected, but the first car of calcium arsenate, routed'
for Georgia, was shipped in April, and the company is therefore ib
time to contribute to the' late demands of the 1923 season.
... .
The ore contains from 12 to 40 per cent of arsenic pentoxide and'
about 2 ounces of silver to the ton. The deposit is at Gold Hill,
Utah, on a branch of the Western Pacific Railroad, and is probably
the largest deposit of the kind in this country. The ore is crushe
in rolls and ground with caustic soda solution in a ball mill. Tin
mixture is further agitated in mixing tanks and filtered, after which'
the residue is washed. To the filtrate is added A calculated quantity
of milk of lime, which precipitates basic calcium arsenate. The,,
precipitate is filtered, washed, dried, and pulverized. The solutiotf*
of regenerated caustic soda is concentrated and again used for leach
ing ore. The residue of the leached ore is sold to smelters for "
recovery of silver and other metals.
LEAD ARSENATE.
A bulletin on the composition of lead arsenates and methods of ,
home manufacture was published by the Department of Agriculture
in 1910."
'
A mixture of the basic and acid arsenates of lead can be prepared-
electrolytically from disodium arsenate or arsenic acid.55
'
ELEMENTAL AESENIC.
A plant using the Hoskins process for the manufacture of ele-C mental arsenic from white arsenic was operated near Chicago in' . 1920. The competition of a German product that sold for about 2( cents a pound prevented the operation of the plant in 1921 or 1922* The Hoskins plant as described M consisted of four furnaces in which! metallic arsenic was made by reducing As203 with charcoal. Thej furnaces were heated by gas to temperatures between 1,200 and' 1,300 F. The furnace charge ranged from 200 to 450 pounds, with| the proportion of 1 pound of charcoal to 4 pounds of As,0,. The, smaller charge was reduced in 7 hours and the larger one in 10 hours!
" Haywood, J. K., and McDonnell, C. C., Lead arsenate: U. S. Dept Ar t . Bur. Cheriil
Istry Bull. 131, p. 50. 1910. "Tartar, H. V., and Grant, G. G., Jour, Ind. and Eng. Chemistry, vol. 101, p. 61p
April 24, 1922.
.
"Jones, C. H., Pure metallic arsenic manufneture: Chem. and Met. Eng., vol. 23, pp.#
057-960, Nov. 17, 1920.
. ci-JOA,!:! ,
LEAD AND ZINC PIGMENTS
By C. E. Sie b e n t h a l and A.j St o i^
PRODUCTION.,
'i . ,
'Lead and zinc pigments and salts aro made both
by chemical processes. Sublimed lead, or basic lead s
^Various lead oxides are examples of lead pigments `p
llnnation in oxidizing furnaces; basic. carbonate,.wh
uead salts are made by chemical processes. Sublim
Head sulphate, is made dikpctly from ore,'but' thb'lbt
white lead and lead: salts are made from pig lead
Zinc oxide and leaded zinc oxidei are madejby the
|ess directly from ore by sublimation i in an ioxidiz
pome zinc oxide is made in this country:., by the Fr
KWhich metallic zinc is sublimated in an. oxidizing
ibbne and zinc salts are made by chemical processe
Ibeing derived from zinc ore, metallic . zinc, j galya
|$crap zinc. Lithopone is made by mixing equiva
Solutions of zinc sulphate and barium sulphidb,
^mutual precipitation of. zinc sulphide and ;barium!su
tfchemicai combination or as a very intimate mixture-
t| The increase in the quantity of-lead-and zinc pig
j|in 1922 over that marketed in 1921 is indicative o
|the industry and also of some expansion. ;1'The >A
ling Co. began the construction of two zinc oxid
jt Chicago, Ind., near the Anaconda Lead Produ
Jlytic white lead plant, and the other at Akron, Oh
twill make lead-free French process zinc oxide"fiom
Itrqjytic zinc for the rubber trade. . ;
-
Tne new plant of the American Zinc'Oxide Co., of
istarted operations early in 1921. An additional-u
Ucapacity was operated in 1922. Zinc sulphide Ore.
gsMascot, Tenn., roasted at Hillsboro, 111., is used'.'.l'
|the Wedge type were installed at Columbus in 1922
Kgas produced is sold to an adjacent fertilizer plam
fine'oxide is used in the rubber industry. -
Marshall Evans, late of the Eagle-Pibher 'Le
gplant at Charleston, W. Va., under the name; oLtne
Iproduction in 1923 will'be limited .tb litbarge^'afidS^
-lead also will be made later on.
10253
:
i:'-; 1'
ii-I`i tn.te
. -1i >i /j s iJ al-
a I 'to luio'
78 MINERAL RESOURCES, 1922----PART I.
Lead pigments and salts marketed in 1921 and 1922.
1921
1922
Short tons.
Value.
Total.
Per ton.
Short tons.
Valuo.
Total
Per ton.'
Sublimed lead, or basic load sul
phate:
*
-White..........................................
Blue.................................................
Rod lead.................................................
Orange mineral...................................
Litharge.................................................
Whttelead:
Dry...................................................
In oil...............................................
Lead acetate........................................
Lead arsenate.....'.............................
11,608 3
21,805 381
41,909
26,738 143,545 2.092
5,733
81,418,403 58,593
3,414, 452 91,887 5,735,824
3,755,418 27,505, 145
552,435 2,090,341
8122.01 120.55 150.59 241.17 136.80
140.45 191.61 284.07 364.'62
13,765 972
30,509 370
68,261
41,598 153,393
8
i, 829,865 129,230
, 104,290 83,022
1,892,172
5,785,165 l, 728,230
8
1132.94 132.95 107.30 224.38 152.63
139.07` 193.1
> Statistics for lead arsenate and lead acetate collected biennially by the Bureau of the Census.
Zinc pigments and salts marketed in 1921 and 1922.
------------- ,-- -----------------------------------73
1921
1922-------------------------
Short tons.
Zinc oxide................................................ Leaded tine oxide................................ Llthopone................................................ Zinc chloride, 50 Baum6.................. Zinc sulphate............................. ...........
74,329 16,103 55,016 59,457
3,295
Value.
Total.
Por ton.
811,231,716 2,092,320
6,681,563 3,552,619
189,369
<151.11 129.93 121.45 59. 75
67.47
Short tons.
128,465 19,613 83,360 41,027 5,078
Value.
"t
Total.
For ton.j
817,994,704 2,251,601 9,214,040 2,009,147
251,528
.-i
8140.07 114.80 110.53 48.27 49.53
SOURCE. Metal content of lead and zinc pigments and salts, 1921 and 1922, by sources, in short tonst.
1921
1922
|
Source.
Lead.
Zinc.
Lead.
Pig ments.
Salts.
rigments.
Salts.
rigments.
Salts.
Foreign ore................... Metal ........................
9,989 169
200,699
210,757 <*4,811
52,087 1,393 7,465 4,024
64,969
3,749
628 10,225
14,502
13,892
241,096 lit
255,099
(6) (ft) (bS (6)
<>
Zinc.
/ (
ngments.
91,874 . 1,238 16,298
8,609
118,019
M. Salts. ..
liSOl
1,041 9,016
11,858-
. includes lead from sine oxide and leaded zinc oxide.
.
5 Statistics not coUoctod In 1922. . Zinc ashes, sJdmmlngs, drosses, and old metal.
. < ,.
i The source of tile lead contained in lead salts Is unknown to tho Geological Survey. I^ad acetate 1i
made from litharge, from granulated lead, and from white lead residues. Lead arsenate is made front,
lead acetate or lead nitrate.
. .
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS.
The following statistics of imports and exports of lead and zincpigments and salts have been compiled from the publications or' records of the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, Depart-
r'dsldr*.
LEAp|A^TD..ZINC-PJQApiNT^
'v
v.
;menfc of Commerce, by J. A. Dorsey* of; the .UnitQdt^
'(Survey.
,..
. . t.
'Sasic carbonate white lead, red lead, litharge, and orange mineraltmp consumption in the United States, 19iy-1922
Basic carbonate white lead.
Red lead. ,
" Litharge.'
jti tiiii
Pounds. Value. Pounds. Value.; Pounds. / Vai
71917............... J918........... .
*'1919............... V;J920................
Tlgl................ , 1922................
20.238
508 21,213 159,977
124,170 222,465
81,965
202 2,490 19, 440 12,598 21,336
50 5
7,199 23,076
12.236
1,406
813 1
1,136
1,789 689
94
. 100
"*2i,'662 100
1,770
.i.... 2
If-- ,
.
' Zinc oxide lilhopone, zinc sulphide (white), zinc chloride, Mid hint s
ion -
' enteredfor consumption in the United States, 1917-
.........................
4' Zinc oxide.
vA'
Year.
1917................
1918................. fc1919., M20............... *1921........... MOO*>
Dry.
Short tons. '
Value*
119 162 105 1,431 1,286
2,712
852,649
62,703 44,338 289,890 145,071 361,599
In OU.
../ 1 1
'3 ' 17 ;*` 8
Zinc sulphide.
Pounds. Value;
.1917,. >1918.. /.1919*.
1920.. ,r 1921.. 1922;.
9,900 2,670
10,035 45,482 93,637 '27,159
86,619 993
4,413 15,027 8,330 8,453
-- 15 ;
f 76 213 87
sulphide Is stated in pounds rather than tons because of its high value a
ft* Less than 1 ton.
...........................
; 7_- . t
&V-`-
' ' ...
. .'.ivSi
'
' ' ' .............................. ...... "
irr.r
White lead... :,.s
w! Short tons. Value."
1917;-.,
1918..
11010...
192o:.'
`922!!!
9,869 ' 7,794
14,017 14,901
4,598
82,089,659 1,766,739 3,037,292
3,195,101 -.-l993,J30
710,765,
.0 July l-Doc. 31, incluslvo. \rr
Not separately classLflod prior to July! :
t.hv
i.V
80
1 !
MINERAL RESOURCES, 1922--PART I.
White lead exportedfrom the United States in 1921 and 1922.
[Figures in parentheses not duplicated in totals.)
1021
Short.tons. Value. Short tons. Value.
Africa............................................................................................. Asia................................................................................................ Australia and Oceania............................................................
Australia...............................................................................
New Zealand...................................................................... Philippine Islands............................................................ Canada..........................................................................................
Cuba............................................................... ............ ................... Europe..........................................................................................
Belgium......... ..................................................................... France................................................................................... Great Britain.....................................................................
Netherlands........................................................................ Mexico.............1........................................................................ Panama.............................................................................................
South .America.:............................................................. ...... . Brasil.....................................................................................
Colombia.............................................................................. Uruguay;............................................................................. . Venezuela.............................................................................
Other countries.........................................................................
18 52 226 (16 (21, (182 129' 51 2,933 (622)
(1,568)
(732 263 236 1,139
(2) (14 (109) (7) 114
5,161
*6.253 13,398 60,817 (3,299) (4,697) (41,042) 20,105 11, 744 504,973 (105,209)
(273, 105) (124,988)
58,365 62,488 240,143
(762) (3,100) (26,366) (1,913) 25,844
993,130
1,199 (6)
(22)
(83) (9 116
4,6
*220 10,897-i 33,644 (1,665)
(375)
, -(28,348) 8 886 14,194'/ 391,940 (127,275)
(7,821) (193,679)
(59,749) 28,944'
1,467*1
198, no
(1,006) (4,251) (12,923) (2,014) 24,963
710,765 i
1917.................
1918................ 1919................ 1920................. 1921................ 1922................
Zinc oxide exportedfrom the United States, 1917-1922.
Year.
Short tons. Value.
15,446 12,421
14,703 11,164
2,511 3,977
*3,148,898-
2,779,507 3,059,276- 2,151,544. - 426,253;
693,128
Zinc oxide exportedfrom the United States in 1921 and 1922.
[Figures in parentheses not duplicated fn totals.]
Destination.
1921 Short tons. Value. Short tons. Value. '
Asia.................................... Australia and Oceania
Philippine Islands Canada..............................
Cuba.................................. Europe..............................
France....................... Great Britain.........
Italy........................... Sweden..................... Mexico............................... Panama............................ South America.............. Brazil........................
Other countries.............
18 22
04)
1,685 24
480
1%)
(,<79)
150 12
109
1(91 )
2,511
426,253
*1,113 11.642 (7*, 481)
459,819 7,583 53,634 :
(10,214) (41,770)i
(1,650)
a Leas than 1 ton.
:-v ; "
LEAD- AND ZINC PIG-MBNITS1 AltDI^SS
CUSTOMS DUTIES
In the following table are shown the tariff rates id zinc p^ igm_e__n__t_s_ a___n__d_-----c-wh--e--micals |Xii1h*'1:,VtUhWe|V'Wi>tIUa4,..yf-O^^lU pnd 1922.* AAsrm-----o---s- "t of the rates ley1 ie1 d':[>: n; tfyeaeco ^riff of 1913 were ad Valorem, [fpr le^e!:-of Corresponding specific rates of theiDrccedijna| phe average dutv collected over; the (life jof1jtheft [1913, to September 21, 1922) has; been oalcvdat^ ^another column after the ad valorem rates.'iJ'.-t;-
tbomparison of tariff imposts on lead and zinc pigvMfoU and : 1913, and 1922, in cents per
d As''manufactured srticlo * * not specially provtdedlfor/' 'Statistics p
' 6 As "other lead compounds not specially provided for. Statistics ofilmtoc
^Nofccontalninglcad.
'
p arf Not more than 5 Dpeer ocent oflleeaad. '
' i ; T . `" '
r ' *>. ,N1Uot, m1IJoUrIeOIt.hU1a1nU4205 per cent of lead.
i /.Containing lead.
>
7 9 More than 5 per cent of lead; statistics of imports not Available.
M More than 25 per cent of lead. : . '
; ! . I .j
^ .
'
j--p-H-'f
i-'VThe tariff act of 1922 contains the^ following pa|a
[ic&eid!and zinc pigmelits and salts:; ij
j t ilH
gpTAR, 47. Lead: Acetate,: white, 2i cent^ per -pound; aceta iyelloW,.2 cents per pound; nitrate, arsenate, arid iesinate, 8-ceri ether lead compounds not specially, provided for, 1301pfir c0ritU|
|*Ari; 74. Lead pigments: Litharge, 2} cents- per porind;-oran
rK pound; red lead, 2} cent? per pound; white! lead,-12>ceinti n&ts containing lead, dry or in pulp,1 or ground-in odnujedFw Specially provided for, 30 per centum ad yalorem;! .-I: t 'iVr.j . 4l ' Pa r . 79. Zinc oxide and leaded zinc ^oxides [contaming! noC sfituto of lead, in any form of dry: powder; 1$ perits .pet poufadj ith oil or water, 2J cents per pound; lithpppne; ancf-ojthe^ qo
,jres of zinc sulphide and barium sulphate, 1} cents pel pound,{a
,SPa k , 93. Zinc chloride, 1^, cents peri pound;!zinc.1sUl]r''1'"~ j|ent j>er pound; and zinc sulphide, 1J cents per
^!
PRICES -AND jVAl.DE,
fThe total amount and the average per ton receive.* ~J and zinc pigment and sri.lt are giVdfli in the tab
re 6 shows the relation of the average weeklyYork to the weekly quotations on several pigme as given in the Oil, Paint, and Drug Reporte
&1Z&M -.'!?};..-p?.-. *4^?.-. .?f!^-:;i .j^,n<* ^Mpp ,`^H; * WM^jBaj *wvr *300. v o n il o o '-l o s - iw , jonr awnr av h `^uy 'w h ' saj" vwr '.
:-IS6I-`,:!PoX-l}9p93{ jo eojjd pejonb ^i^'m 3w 9a b ei^ ojsjfBS ptre s^ti&taSj'd pwn Majid ^pjoeM ;o o o ij b iw Snpttotjs nreiSuja-'-'g 2UQ0ij[
H Ph
<
P-. g to w o p o to PS W
CM O?
84 MINERAL RESOURCES, 1932--PART I.
shows the relation of the weekly average quoted price of prim
western slab zinc in St. Louis to the weekly quotations on certair
pigments and salts of zinc, as given in the same journal. The quali
ties land conditions of the pigments and salts on which the prices
were quoted are designated as follows:
Sublimed lead, or basic lead sulphate (white), "in casks. " ' White lead, "American, dry, in casks. "
Litharge, "commercial, powdered, in casks. " Red lead, "dry, in casks. " Orange mineral, "American. " Lead acetate, "brown, broken. " Lead arsenate, "paste. " Zinc oxide, "commercially lead-free. Lithopone, "in barrels. " . Zinc chloride, "granulated. " Zinc sulphate, "industrial."
PRODUCERS.
The producers of lead and zinc pigments and salts in 1922 are liste below, hut the list includes some' plants that did not operate in 1922
White lead: Anaconda Lead Products Co. (electrolytic
'
*
(
process)...................................................... East Chicago, Ind.
"
Carter White Lead Co................................ . South Chicago, 111.
E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co................. Philadelphia, Pa.
Eagle-Picher Lead Co................................ \ Cincinnati, Ohio.
Do........................................................... East St. Louis, 111.
Euston Process Co........................................ Scranton, Pa.
W. P. Fuller & Co...................................... South San Francisco, Calif.
John T. Lewis & Bros. Co............................ Philadelphia, Pa.
Matheson Lead Co........................................ Long Island City, N. Y.
National Lead Co..................................... Melrose, Calif.
Do.......................................................... Chicago, 111.
Do............................ .............................. St. Louis, Mo.
Do........ ................................................. Brooklyn, N. Y.
Do.......................................................... Port Richmond, N. Y.
Do................................................... . Cincinnati, Ohio.
National Lead & Oil Co. of Pennsylvania.. New Kensington, Pa. .
Sherwin-Williams Co................................... Chicago, 111.
United Lead Co............................................ Perth Amboy, N. J.
Wetherill & Bro............................................ Philadelphia, Pa.
Sublimed lead, or basic lead sulphate:
Eagle-Picher Lead Co................................. Joplin, Mo.
St. Louis Smelting * Refining Works........ Collinsville, 111.
Red lead, orange mineral, and litharge:
Chadwick-Boston Lead Co.1........................ Cambridge, Mass. .
E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co.1.,.......... . Philadelphia, Pa.
Eagle-Picher Lead Co.................................. Joplin, Mo.
. Do.......................................................... Newark, N. J.
Do........................................................... Cincinnati, Ohio.
Do.......................................................... East St. Louis, HI.
Evans Lead Co. (new)................................. Charleston, W. Va.
W. P. Fuller * Co.................... '.................. South San Francisco, Calif.
John T. Lewis & Bros. Co........................... Philadelphia, Pa.
Matheson Lead Co........................................ Long Island City, N. Y.
National Lead Co.......................................... Melrose, Calif.
Do......................................................... Chicago, 111.
Do........................................................ St. Louis, Mo.
Do.......................................................... Brooklyn, N. Y.
National Lead & Oil Co. of Pennsylvania.. New Kensington, Pa.
Pennsylvania Smelting Co........................... Carnegie, Pa.
' Sherwin-Williams Co.................................... Chicago, 111.
Wetherill & Bro............................................ Philadelphia, Pa.
i No production In 1022.
,: " '
;; LEAD AND ZINC PIGMENTS AND' SAf
I
*Kopcroodxuidcetioannidn l1e9a22d. ed zinc oxide:
! 7 -t
American Smelting* Refining Co.1........ .., Omaha, Nebr
American Steel & Wire Co.1............................ Donora, Pa, ` American Zinc & Chemical Co....................... Langeloth, Pa
American Zinc Co. of Illinois......................... Hillsboro Uli^ American Zinc Oxide Co................................. Columbus, Oh
Anaconda Copper Mining Co. (new)............. Akron, Ohio
,, ,P.......................'-.................... East Chicago,
Bartlesville Zinc Co........................................... Bartlesville, O
Bertha Mineral Co.1........................................... Austinville, V
Eagle-Picher Lead Co........................................ Hillsboro, 111.
Empire Zinc Co.1 ......................................... Canon City, C
Grassclh Chemical Co........................................ Grasselli, Ind. Grubnau Chemical Co., Inc............................ Waldo, N. Max*
668
MINERAL RESOURCES, 1922--PART I.
1921. From the value given it seems probable that this material!
tantalum ore. The records also show that 6,785 pounds of " tantk
steel-hardening ores," valued at $1,327, were imported for consu
tion in 1921.
,i|.
An excellent paper entitled " The story of the proauction anct|t
of ductile tantalum," by Dr. Clarence W. Balke, was recently-pi
lished.2
4
* Cliem. and Met Eng., vol. 27, pp. 1271-1273, 1922.
* : ; r/.iraMlK
-> .! ?*. ( I! j od IUI3 (iOi ' i , i in'i >, iimirrjiJrl :ily
.-(it !|i
; I .dvz' ..yoftj'
i ", 11l; to<[ ,'Wf|
TITANIUM; (Ndii I,:..-, -! -,<[ (i?i snv/- yiriK
^ ~~ -b.-isu ^ i flvami
By
> 7.1
> i<..
During 1922 the American Rutile Co. (owned' b
letal Corporation, 120 Broadway,'New York), o
^t Roseland, Nelson County, Va., and produced 310
Concentrates carrying about 95 per-cent of titanium
by-product 600 tons of ilmenite concentrates carr
pent. The ilmenite concentrates carry a little ru
|ontain more than the theoretical quantity of'TiO
Buckman & Pritchard (Inc:),* subsidiary 5f t
cent Co. (Inc.), with works'at Niagara Falls, N
Ibeach' sands 4 miles south of Pablo Beach, Fla.,
jhas been concentrated between high and. low tide
Iso contains considerable zircon, a little rutile, and
puring the year 4,581 tons of ilmenite carrying
per cent of TiO, was shipped to Niagara Fallsvt
manufacture of both ferrotitanium by the Titaniu
affiliated company, and titanium pigment by: the
po. (Inc.).
_ . . .-
The use of titanium pigment is apparently
|tanium oxide is not used alone but is precipitate
calcium salts or both, so that Ti02 forms only b
per cent of the mass. Even this is not used alo
because it tends to "chalk." It is therefore mixe
and is thus said to form an excellent pigment. In
of the pigment it is, of course, advantageous to
an ilmenite as possible, because the iron and othe
he removed, and iron is the most troublesome
[.beTcahueseoiptedraestotrroyosf.cthh.eem.picioanlseearndpi.ghamseanthippgllaha nct,oloth'
Ibf Fredrikstad, Norway, has a deposit of ilmen
scarrying about 35 per cent of Ti02 and anothe
(carrying between 40 and 45 per cent. Both are
jtaagefjord and Jossingfjora, south of Ekersu
larger llmenitic deposits in the United States ar
tiinless concentrated artificially, as at Roseland
iby water action are the only known deposits th
s" enite. The largest known are probably thosel
. 1 .Tebflcn, 230, 1920.
Den Norske tltanhvltt*lndustrl: Teknlsk Ukeblad
570
MINERAL RESOURCES, 1922--PART I.
Bahia, Brazil, where ilmenite concentrate! of theoretical richh
.(52.7 per cent TiOa) can be produced as a by-product of mbna*
mining. The high titanium content is probably in part duo
small quantity of rutile in the sand.
'
After September 22,1922, when the new tariff became effective,-"
imports of " titanium potassium oxalate and all compounds, "
mixtures containing titanium" amounted to 82,544 pounds, valu
at $20,596. The duty was 30 per cent ad valorem.
f
The market for rutile, used mostly for arc-light electrodes jf
for potassium-titanium oxalate to be used in dyeing and inv manufacture of leather, is small; that for ilmenite, to be used"
ferrotitanium, is apparently not growing much; but the outlook? its use in the manufacture of pigments seems more promising, i
ri-.
- , , ' ; :
11 1u
;i ! v-fiei/iiiVi^
1;
n i i' i 'i i^-ru
,;:TUNGSTEi};,-?g
' . . -
- i i . ()*// 1 <> 'i
, --i ;/!
By Fr a n k , L. Hpss.r Wiidiv
. ! : i ! 4-i /Tt.i
>.. : i'fi;: iMycill iKjuiitlil
pf ore is exposed by. tne womngs, .opt in,orny.j a-
Ms anything more thap assessment work done.-'
[I The production of tungsten ore ih' the Tfriited'Sta |en as shown in the table bblow *;^ \
Concentrated tungsten ofes {catryiiig tiO p^r
Wduced and sold in the United'State*}
fjf-
'
i. i
r if -Ino'f* ) 0 lit 07o
--------------------
fi .
?- Yi.
|bOTt tons.
Value.
Average
i
! tiXJJ I' ira
price per
Yea*.
Short tons
unit. y.
o \MiVuy
-
IMS..................... 1
2,332 *4,100,000 :
1910.....................
6,923 12,074,000
1917..................... ' 6,144 6,783,000
Bis.............
5,061 7,049,300
|29.30: 33.98 18.40 23.24
1919..;............. 1920................... 1921.........;'
1922..w.,..s>.
. ' : 32
'' 21 7 None
None
p.: Supplies of .tungsten ores in the United States, 1916--19
*:
'
' Iinporte.. . ''' '
iv
Ef' pU'
Year. ;
hi-
... :
rr--------------- ---t ---
Si?............................
1918......................................
1919......................................
... Estt.' `
Produc tion.
Ore.
mated
equiva- .
Tungsten and ferrotungsten.
. lent In ore carry
ing 60 per cent
Tun and
tun
of tung
sten tn*
'
i: -; i i
.i / i . ctdde.t,,
J f>M23 '. 6,144 i i 5,061
1,4,072. ;,:,4 i 14,623
4,879
5,310
.WVJSiL-.l. ).) 12,854-
rr. 198 c 10,916
g"......................................
None.
1.614, , ..,253 " 1,865* ` V-aa*.
:m ,:b
.N 8, S00:
o);
Re Although it Is known that some has been shipped abroad,;&& record oftung
TfltU 1022, when 1 * tungsten or* and concentrates (tungsten content)' * were
U7bounds,-valued *1 *594 ; fr'
- f'-''J?n -.j 1m UT 0!t Uoxi i\*
|b These Items include the ore except Chinese (considered, as carrying 65 pe
l the tungsten and ferrotungsteh (considered as bqulvaltat to;2l tlmfeS tnW
cent of .tungsten trioxlde)... Chinese or*; Imparted hasJ?pu oppsltlgfedl ft