Document VJOdLbp1MDnNg4Kx5xkJxnz0K

POSSIBLE CDSTCME3 GUESTICXS CN ? C 3 s ?U 3--crrv Cuestin \ W hat a rtic le s have appeared on the P C 3 p ro b le m ? . W ill you send m e copies ? !/ A nsw er: la, the U. 5. n e w sp a p e r a r tic le s have a p p e a re d in the San T ra n c ls c o C hronicle on P cb . 24, 1969, the San T ra a c isc o E xam iner on E e b . 25, 1969, and the H a rtfo rd T im es on A ug. 5, 1965. N u m ero u s a r t i c l e s w e re g e n e ra te d by the W isc o n sin "S E T H e a rin g s 11 in M ay, 1969. At the h earin g s, w im esses d iscu ssed the problem o ? C 3 s as " in te rfe rin g su b sta n c e s" in th e ir s e a r c h to r SO T in the environm ent. ? C 3 s, they said, produced peaks on a gas chrom atograph sim ila r to the peaks produced by DDT. In no case w as ? C 5 indicted at the W isconsin h e a rin g s. * / C o p ies o the a r tic le s w ill be m ad e a v a ila b le on re q u e s t. R e g io n a l m an ag ers should contact E .V . John, Public R elations M anager O rg a n ic C h e m ic a ls D iv isio n , in Sc. T.out s an d c o p ie s w ill be or* * w ard ed to the cu sto m er through the re g io n a l m a n a g e r's office. In ad d itio n to the new spa pe r a rtic le s m e n tio n e d above, th e re have b een 'rad io b ro ad casts. At the tune of the San F ran cisco C hronicle and E xam iner a rtic le s, radios in the San E ra a c tsc o are a also c a rrie d the sto ry . In August, the sp o rts e d ito r of the H a r is r d T im es syndicated a radio broadcast on the su b ject of ? C 3 s, in D e c ., 1969, the C a-ariiar B roadcasting Co. (radio) c a rrie d an in terv iew they taped w ith a m em ber of o u r me d ic al departm ent. Q uestion 2 # W ere M onsanto's A ro clars specifically m entioned in these article a? If so, which ones? -.!br r\ a Si * CCl- 1 Z Ar.dwc r V .onsxr.to's A ro c la rs w ere m entioned a sonic of the a rtic le s but only in the San 7 rar.cisco C hronicle scary in F e b ., 1969, w as A r s d a r 121 s p e c if ic a lly m e n tio n ed by n u m b e r. In s e v e r a l o the a rtic le s, M onsanto w as also identified as the sole U. 5. p ro d u cer of polychlorinated biphenyls, m arketed under the tradenam e of A rcelor. Q uestion. 3 * W hat did the a rtic le s on the PC S proolem say ? Answer Since the o u tset of the " P C 3 p ro b lem ", -when the f ir s t a rtic le a p p e a re d in the U. S. p r e s s in F e b ., 1969 the w hole q u e stio n h a s b e e n c lo se ly in te rw o v e n w ith the q u e stio n o DDT a s a p o s s ib le environm ental contam inant. T he San F r a n c is c o C h ro n ic le a r tic le c a r r i e d a h e a d lin e , 11A M enacing New P o llu tan t. " In ra th e r sen sa tio n al style,, i t identified P C 3 as a th re a t to b ird s and hum ans, Highly toxic in a gaseous j state and re la te d to known c a n c e r-c a u se rs. F C 3 p resen ce in the environm ent is risin g sw iftly, the article stated. The E xam iner a rtic le called ? C 3 a "p lad ttc pollutant in the Bay a n d M o th e rs 1 M ilk . " T h is a r tic le c a lle d P C 3 an " a la r m in g 11 new chem ical p o llu ta n t th a t is playing .parole in' the declining p e re g rin e falcon population, has Laen found in m o th e rs1 m ilk, is the " la te s t addition to a grow ing lis t of chcm icalsyin the o cean --- the' new est sym ptom of m an 's chem ical invasion of the ocean. " T hese two a rtic le s quoted O r. R o b ert Risebrough-, a re s e a r c h e r a t the Institute of M arine R esources in'the U niversity of C alifom D epartm ent of N utritional S ciendsts, on the detrim en tal effects ox ? C 3 s . L a t e r D r. R ise b ro u g h said h e h a d b een m is q u o te d in cewspaoer stories. The Hartford T im es sto ry called PC 3 pollution a "new pusnle. " L a s s s e n sa tio n a l tnan th e .San F ra n c is c o a r tic le s , the T im es gave *n. account of ? C 3 s being found in the en v iro n m en ran d the"sm dies under way to d eterm in e th eir biological effects. This article-, s a y s O r. R isebrough, te n d s to c le a r P C 3 of b lam e. lo a ,:-ST* CC2217 T Articled generated by the W isconsin DDT h e a rin g s' g enerally d iscu ssed ? C 3 as an interfering* substance d isco v ered in sc ie n tists1 s e a rc h fa r DDT in the en v iro n m en t. D r./R is e b ro u g h said at the h e arin g s that th e re w as no proof a t the m o m e n t th a t P C 3 alone can cause thin eggshells one of the phenom enon th at he had disco v ered in studying th e/declining population of the o e r e gr in e fa lc o n . */ LEGISLATION Q uestion 1 / Are th ere any F c d c ra l/S ta ra /lo c a l law u n d er which the use o r discharge of A ro d o rs eould be prohibited? Answer; No existing F e d e ra l, S tate, o r lo c a l law s p ro h ib it the disch arg e of Arc d o r s . H o w ev e r, in* a n u m b e r of s t a t e s th e b a s ic w a te r pollution control legislation is so broad th a t state agencies can ` prohibit chem icals,- deem ed n e ce ssa ry , fro m being discharged. Q uestion Z Is the DDT and the ? C 3 problem re la ted ? A nsw er- Wc a r c not a m a n u fa c tu re r of DDT o r o th e r c h lo rin a te d h y d ro c a rb o n pesticide and, the re fo re , have no knowledge of the serio u sn ess of the charges ag ain st DDT other than w hat h as been so widely p ublicised on TV, in the p re s s and in tech n ical jo u rn a ls . To the extant th a t both DDT and P C 3 are chlorinated hydrocarbons, then there is a sim ilarity. They are sufficiently different in th eir chem ical stru ctu res , how ever, that it would be e n tire ly w rong to assum e th at both behave -- - in the sam e way in the environm ent. T h era is another m ore obvious difference. DDT and other chlorinated hydrocarbon p esticid es w ere sp ecifically designed f a r a job th a t obviously lead s to th e ir 'v being s c a tte re d in w ide s p re a d f a s h io n a c r o s s the c o u n try sid e . Rain, birds, wind, in sects fu rth e r s c a tte r these p esttcid et in an m anner. ? C 3 s are not used in this fashion a~r 1i/ 1 0 c c i^ c *1* 4 h as n e v e r sough: to p ro m o te th is. T s is , we believ e, is a n im p o r ta n t d is tin c tio n 12.: should 00: be o v e rlo o k e d if DDT and ? C 5 r e lin k ed a s a com m on p o llu ta n t o th e e n v iro n m e n t. To our knowledge ? C 3 s have never bees, idenefied-'in the absence of DJIT o r o th er ch lo rin ated hydrocarbon p e stic id e s . C ues tier. 3 C ould it be P C 3 th a t's causing the e n v iro n m e n ta l p ro b le m s and so t DDT? Answer: We believe that p re sen t-d ay GDC and m a s s sp e e tro m e tric techniquesa rc sufficiently a cc u ra te to be able to d iffe re n tia te betw een DDT. related pesticides, th eir m etabolites and P C 3 . Que stio s W h at a u th o rity 0 S ta te and lo c a l gove Controlling the use of P C 3 s, eats have in banning/, A nsw er: They do have authority to ban o r control u se of any substances they consider H arm ful. ZTTLUZDrT AND ITS CO NTROL .Q uestion 1 How do I dispose of A ro clo r 1254/1260, e tc . efflu en t fro m s ty *p la n t? . We *culd suggest collecting all p ro c e ss effluent, equipm ent w ashings, tank o r drum w ashings and h a s re g u la rly taking to the n e a re s t to x ic m a te ria ls dum p. You m ay also be a b le to u se a s a n ita ry la n d fill, if p erm its are issued for this in your lo cality . Wc d o n 't - recom m end feeding th is m ate ria l to lo c a l sew age tre a tm e n t p i or taking out to se a in drum s fa r dum ping. T h ese m ethods do n o t 5 solve she p ro b le m of c o n tam in atio n . We a re w orking on the / disposal oi these m aterials by in cineration and biodegradation. Our w ork in th e se a re a s has* not y e t re a ch e d the stage w here ' we can o ffer p ra c tic a l su g g estio n s. It is of in te re s t to note, how ever, th at re s e a rc h is underw ay to find c ataly sts to snake DDT self-d e stru ctiv e . The p o ssib ility ex ists that we could find cataly sts th at would d estroy ? C 3 s in settling tanks con stru cted to c atc h a ll your efflu en ts. / Q uestion Z Can I te s t a y e fflu e n t a see if a y e fflu e n t h a s no A r o d o r 12S4, etc. / Answer: Yes. A nalytical equipm ent is available th a t can do this if the p ro p e r tech n iq u e is u sed . The b a sis of .the m ethod is GLC o r gas liquid chrom atography. A re you o r anyone in yo u r c o m p an y f a m ilia r w ith th is ? Co y o u have GL.C equipm ent? If you do, we can send you a description of a method th at could.identify ?C 3* If n o t,/th e re s a y be a good a n a ly tic a l ta s e n g la b o ra to ry in the v ic in ity w here you . could send sam p les and re ly on the re s u lts if you wane to te s t your effluent.. / / Q uestion 3 What is a "safe" ? C 3 level fo r leaving m y plans? A nsw er: / As our le tte r points out, p a rts p e r m illio n (ppm) p a rts p e r billion (ppo) have been m entioned in the published a rtic le s . There is s till a lo t of doubt as to how absolute any quoted values a re . To bring this into the re a lm s of reality, this definition of ppm and ppb m ay help c larify things. To give you a p ra c tic a l exam ple, the escap e of one-tw o g allo n s p e r day could lead to sam ples in a stre a m beside the pi*-* showing 10-50 ppb on a n a ly sis. Lo, STK CCZ \( . 6 Q u e s iic r. * Yau rr.u s; h iv e q/uite a c o n tro l p ro b le m a t y o u r p la n ts -- I w ould think M onsanto's A ro e io r p lan es are.*the m a jo r p o llu te rs --how a re you handling c o n tro l? / A nsw er: / The A ro eio r products we m ake to' s e ll a t a p ro fit. so econom ics dictate m axim um housekeeping. m inim um lo se s. The A roeior process is a "dry process" o r d o s e d system . ./ Q uestion 5 / How docs M onsanto think A ro d o r s can get into the en v iro n m en t and cau se so m uch poll urina 7 / Answe/ D is p o s a l, le a k a g e Xrum- s y s te m s u s in g it# s p ills , etc.-*' Q uestion 6 / / X 1 a n a ly se m y afflu en t s tr e a m an d fin d pp'o 'th e r e , how do I know it didn't come fr om a ir bom e 07 was ^present in the p ro cess w ater th a t I pum p fro m the XYZ riv e r into m y plant? A nsw er;' Analyze w ater catering your plant and co m p are. T here is a m e th o d .ava il a Kir br sa m p lin g a i r . *" Q uestion 7 You seem to think rum the tone o i your le tte r th a t the so u rce * o p o llu tio a is rom em inent d is p o s a l into s t r e a m s . In m y .p ro c e ss, A ro e io r 1254, 1260, e tc . v a p o rs e sc a p e . W hat p r e - / cair*gms can I take to p re v e n t (a) em ployee p ro b le m s / (b) e sc a p e o v a p o rs in to the a s o s p h e r e ? / * ~. JL *J ST* CCllil /WWV.*1 \i .* i v. 7 -^n iw c " ("i i ' A rticles on ? C 3 in te rfe re n c e w ith p e sticid e s analysis have m entioned :hc p o ssib ility of la ss to the a e n a sp h e re rose vaporisation when A ro c lo rs are h eated . We find this hard ts believe is w a rra n ts considerable investigation. t o x ic : y Q uestion 1 II ? C 2 is a d an g er to fish and b ird s, how about hum ans ? Ar.swc r : The am ounts being found in the environm ent a re not con sid ered * a anger to hum ans o r tlsh_ The w hole question on ch lo rin ated ** pesticides re la te s to b ird s. Q uestion 2 A re A ro cio r 1254/1260, Why? etc. snore toxic than o th e r A r o clloo r s ? t! t' A nsw er: There is a difiere nee in toxicity depending on degree o chlorination. This is not to say th a t higher chlorination is m ore toxic than low er chlorination. The alleged P C 3 proble: is no t re a lly re la te d to d eg rea o roadc ity . j C uestin Ia B IT T S a S N C S S 3 E T W S N AROC--ORS In y o u r le tte r , you s ta te th a t A r o c i o r ^ 5060,7*5442 and 5460 are not P C B s. W hat are they? A nsw er: They are chlorinated tcrphenyls. 4A 1 1< `j! r* f. 8 Q u e stio n 2~ W hat1? the diets re o c e be tw ee a. a c h lo rin a te d b ip h en y l and a terphenyl? Answer; A terphenyl has three benzenes linked together and biphenyl only two. They are, th ereto re, s im ila r but ditto re at, ju s t as ttaphshalene is diffcren t from benzene. / Q uestion 3s / Why should P C 3 be an e n v iro n m e n ta l c o n tam in an t and c h lo rin a te d terpaenyls not? j A nsw er: 1 don't think th e re 'is any positive an sw er on th is and I c a n 't give you any th e o rie s. However, I w ould em phasize.*that not a ll P C 3 s a p p e a r to be c o n ta m in a n ts. T h o se su ch as A ro c lo r 1221. 1222. and 1242 h a v e n 't b een id en tified in m a rin e , aquatic w ildlife environm ents. Chlorinated terphenyls - as le a st those m ade by M onsanto-- have not been identified in the envirosm ess e ith er. Q uestion 4 / S ince you s e l l o th e r ? C 3 s b esid e A r o c lo r 1254 an d 1260 w hy a r t they not found in the en v iro n m en t?/ / *One re a so n could be th a t they b io d eg rad e and hence n e v er build up to a lev el w here they ean be la b e lle d p e rs is te n t contam inants T h erefo re, although you would find is in an effluent stre a m if you analyzed is ju st a fte r yon poured P C 3 into is. iss absence when a river, for exam ple, is analysed dow nstream as a la te r date would indicate degradation by b a c te ria l organism s.* We are actively working on this a sp e c t of biede grad ability . in our lab o rato ries as this tim e. He su its of this type of w orx w on't com e to hand quickly hut o u r p re lim in a ry w ork on P C 3 s of l e s s th a n 54? c h lo rin e lo o k s p re m is m g . M -- KrJ 9 Q ua a li or. 3 It. y o u r l e t t e r , you m ake no' s e & u o n o f A r o c lo r 1262 and 1263. W hat is th e ir statu s ? Answ er: Is could he th a t x h eir s e m i-s o lid /s o lid w a te r insoluble n a tu re m eans they are fa r, fa r less lik ely to becom e "m obile" eor.ta.Ti.-.aa:s. 1: could be th at th e ir s tr u c tu r a l d ifferen c es i fro m A ro c lo r 1254 and 1260 a re re s p o n s ib le fo r the a p p a re n t j lack of a problem . In any event, they have not been identified by sc ie n tists in the environm ent an d --b eliev e m e-- a lo t of s c ie n tis ts see m to be looking fo r ? C 3 s . Q uestion. 6 t -Both A ro e lo r 5460 and 1260 co n tain 60% c h lo rin e . Why is one a p ro b le m [1260) and a p p a re n tly n o t the o th er- [5460)? ^ A nsw er; . * ' A terphenyl has three ben senes linked togeth er and biphenyl only two. They a re , th erefo re, s im ila r bu t different, ju s t as naphthaIrrr is different from bensene. - 1 would e m p h a sise th a t n e t a ll ? G 3 s a p p e a r to be T h o se s u c h a s A ro c lo r 1221, 1232, an d 1242 h a v e n 't b e en identified in m arin e, aquatic and w ildlife environm ents. C hlorinated terp h en y ls-- at le a st those m ade by M onsanto-- have not been identified in the e n v iro n m e n t.e ith er. ** Q uestion 7 / Does this ? C 3 problem m ean th at you have discontinued * effo rts to get A ro clo r 5460 approved by P S A ? A nsw ers No. i Q ucaua n S- Is tha reason, fo r so : rc su sm itn n g y o u r p e titio n to the FDA fa r approval of A rsc lo r 5460 cue to th is ? C 3 publicity? A nswer: No. Cue sties 9 Waa:*s the p roblem then? A nsw er: We are bringing a new solid A ro cio r p lan t o n -stre a m in the next tw o -th re e m o n th s. Wo w an t to m ak e su re i t p ro d u c e s/, the sam e quality A ro cio r 5460 wc u sed in o u r ceding j- studies or the FDA. Once w e 're su re th a t's O .X . -- and.w e/ eel it w ill be--then w e 'll get the p etition m oving again b u s / FD A c le a ra n c e s do take tim e . / Q u e s tio n 10 / / -D o e s th is F C 3 p u b lic ity m e a n th a t F D A a p p r o v a l o / A rocior 3460 is not going to be obtained? A nsw er: / We have no re a so n to think the two th in g s a r e re la te d . A ro c io r 5460 is not chem ically a PC D . The d elay re s u lte d fro m the steed to se t up c e rta in analytical m ethods to sa tisfy FDA. This involved analytical instrum entation and is being com pleted now. It is m y understanding we plan to re su b m it o u r pension although I p e rs o n a lly d o n 't know th e o; CCNTADfFSS G uastion 1 Jo e Doe buys a ll m y u s e d A ro c io r d ru m s w ith o u t me hav in g to w ash th e m . I g et 53. 0G a. piece.* 1 c a n 't a ffo rd to w a sh them out. I v c t ii 1 did. what would I do w ith the w ashings ? z. STS C C U n (Quuaiiuti 1 cor.1;) *>' e * *% * * \V '.-r- s h o u ld 'I d o ? Should'I te ll J o e D o c ? W ill M onsanto t ik e th e m h a c k o r-p a y m e 53-CO p lu s n y e a s e s to ta k a th ese to a d u m p ? Asswe r: D on't h iv e an an sw er a t this tim e. We ju s t d o n 't know. .APPLICATIONS . Q uestion Is Could Asocior 1254/1260 e sc a p e f r o m m y so a lia s /a d h e s iv e / coating-w hatever inno the en v iro n m en t? A nswer: / / * /\ This w ill depend en tire ly on the final u se to w hich your p ro d u ct is u se d n i t 2'.u ls m a te d isp o sitio n . Q uestion 2* - M y p ro d u c t X c o n ta m s -A ra d o r 1254/1260. W h it sh o u ld ^1 t e l l A nsw er: T a ll y o u r c u s to m e r --Wc w a n t so a d v is e y o u o a p o s sib le environ* m ental problem - W ithout knowing w h it y o u r cu sto m er does w ith p ro d u c t X* th is is h a rd to a n s w e r . (We w ould s a y th a t i t w ould not se a m w ise to u se Ax o d o r 1254 o r 1260 f o r k eeping dust down on the roads, fo r u se in d en tal sealing compounds o r as c a r r ie r s fo r pesticides.*}* ; / **:, - */ / O nly if you su sp ect o r a re told* th what the application is . / _ Q uestion 3 */ S e e s M onsanto in te n d to ct t=>ue m a n u fa c tu r e of A ro c io r 1254/ 1260, e tc . ? -1 r^k ! -L CC .C 12 A n s w e r f3>: I have beer, riven, no in d ic io s a o th erw ise. C u e s tier. 4ri Shauld I look :a r rep lacem en t fo r A ro c la r 1254/1260, esc. ? Ar-swe r : I think only you can decide th is. How e a sy w ould this be fo r you? So you have any other replacem ent product in m ind? . Q u e s tio n 5* Does M onsanto have re p la ce m e n t p ro d u c ts f o r A ro clo r 1254 aad 1260 ? " * Answ er: As you know, we have over eighty p la stic is e rs in our line and th e m 's quite a h it of product in terp lay so it is possible th at th e re is a n o th e r p ro d u c t in o u r lin e th a t s i g h t re p la c e T-kt- ~ .. W hat re s in do you use ? P erh ap s we could lo o k a t these re sin /p la stic in e r S e le cto r C ia rts in the hack of the 31ue Book. .. .I've got i t w ith s e . Q u e s tio n 6** Is Mon s a n s w ork in g on re p la ce m e n ts fo r A ro c lo r 1254 aad 1250? * Answer: These re s e a rc h fellow s are always busy on things 1" ^ To s o s e people A ro c lo r 1254 and 1260 have d ra w -b a c k s .-quite a p a r t fro m p r e s e a t p u b lic ity on P C 3 . A r o c lo r 1254 is fa irly v o la tile . A ro c lo r 1260 is v e r y v is c o u s aad d iffic u lt to handle- F o r polysulde sealants, fo r exam ple, the tech n ical, people in Sc. L o u is have ju s t s e c t u s d a ta on p ro d u c ts e* w iK ^ hshave b e tte r th a n A ro c la r 1254 in p o ly su lfid e s e a la n ts. Maybe th e re 's som ething here for you to look at. L e t's go over it.