Document VJM8ne1859VzOdo9BdNkMn11N
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CHAPTER 45
1959 Guide
Table 3 .... Classification of Motors
Type
Speed Characteristics
Fvtt Voltage
Sturt*ig Torque
Starting
HP Kenge
Application See Footnote* (o) to (e)
Constant Spend Drive*
Polyphase a-c
Single-phase a-e -
Squirrel-cage general Constant purpose Design A
Normal 1-2.5 High 6-8 All
times'
times
(a) Fans and (c) centrifugal pumps and
centrifugal com pressors
Squirrel-cage Design B Constant
Normal 1-2.5 Normal 5- Medium
times'
6 times
Small
(a) Fans and centrifugal pumps and centrifu gal compressors
Squirrel-cage Design C Constant
High 2-2.5 Normal 5- Medium
times'
6 times
Small
(b) Reciprocating pumps
(e) and
compressors
started loaded
Squirrel-cage Design F Constant
Low 1.25
Low 4 times
Medium Large
Fans, centrifugal pumps, and compressors
Wound rotor
Constant or High 1-2.5 Low 1-3 All
variable
times
times
(with secondsry control)
(o) Hoists (b) reciprocating pumps
and compressors (c) and frequent (e) or hard start
Synchronous high speed Exactly con- Normal 0.75- Normal 5- Medium
stant
1.75 times 7 times
Large
(a) Fans and centrifugal pumps and centrifu gal compressors
Synchronous low speed Exactly con- Low 05-0.4 Low 3-4 Medium
stant
times
times
Large
(a) Reciprocating compressorsstarting un-
. loaded
Two value capacitor
Constant . High
Normal
Small
(6) Pumps and compres sors
Permanent split capaci Constant
tor
Capacitor start
Constant
Repulsion Induction
Constant
Low Moderate
High
Normal Normal
Normal
Fractional (o) Fans, Blowers
Small Frac tional
Medium Small
(a) Fans and pumps
(a) Fans (b) pumps and compres
sors
Split phase
Constant anc Normal adj ustable
Normal
Fractional
(a) Fans (b) pumps and compres
sors (d) fans--direct
to values below 50 percent. Fig. 3 illustrates the character istics of wound-rotor motors.
Synchronous motors are used for continuous duty applica tions at constant speed where efficiency and power factor are important. Another advantage of these motors is that of lower initial cost in large sizes and for low speeds when com pared with squirrel-cage type motors.
The outstanding advantage of the synchronous motor is that its power factor can be changed to compensate for the low power factor of other drives in the same location. lagging power factor is an inherent characteristic of all induction apparatus, such as induction motors and neon signs. Unless synchronous motors or capacitors are installed, the plant power factor may be comparatively low. This does not
Motors and Motor Controls
643
Table 3 .... Classrficatkxn of Motors (Continued)
Type
fufl VoHage
Cbarocferistics Starting Torque
Starting Current
HP Kongo
Sou Footnotet (a) to ()
Adjatobl* Spaed Drive*
Squirrel-cage high slip. Variable Transformer adjust ment
Normal
Normal
Medium Small
(a) Fans
Polyphase a-c
Squirrel-cage separate Constant
winding or regrouped multi-
poles
speed
Normal or Normal or All
high
low
(o) Fans (b) pumps and (c) compressors
Wound rotor
Variable
High
Low
All
(with secondary control)
'
(a) Fans (b) centrifugal pumps and
compressors
Repulsion
Variable
High'
Normal
Low and Fractional
(a) Fans,
centrifugal
pumps
(b) compressors
Single-phase a-c
Capacitor low torque Variable two Low.
tapped winding
speed
Capacitor low torque Variable transformer adjust ment
Low
Normal
Fractional (d) Fans, direct
Low
Fractional (d) Fans
8plit phase regrouped Constant poles
Normal
Normal
Fractional (d) Fans
c. Drives h*vu| amHium or low starting tnqw aad inertia WJ2> mob aa bu and eeatrilugal pomp* or reciprocating pumpa and eomptesaore etarted unloaded, h. Drive* having high starting torques, *ocb as imprecating pumpa and eompnmcn started loaded. e. Simitar to (a) except wtmre frequent or hard starting (large WSt} requires a hifkr starting and accelerating torque. i~ Fans direct connected. . Stoker drives.
/. Torque depends on hp rating and speed. See NBMA Standard MGM.10 os Motors aad Generator*.
Table 4 .... Locked-rotor Current of Three-phase, 60-cyde Motors at 220 Volts b
Ss.'HP
Design 8, C, and O
Ampere*
Deiign f Amperes
Design 8, C, HP end D
Ampere*
1 or less
1H 2 3 5
24* 35 45 60 90
.30 40 50 60 75
435 580 725 870 1085
270 360 450 540 675
nt
10 15 20 25
120 150 220 290 365
100 1450 125 1815 150 2170 200 2900
900 1125 1350 1800
* The locked-rotor current of three phase, -cycle, constant-speed. Induction tnoton, measured with rated voltage and frequency impressed and with rotor locked, shall not imiul the tabulated values.
b Locked-rotor current at other voltages shall be inversely proportional to the voltage.
* Far 1 hp or lees the value a given per hp.
of Wound-rotor Motors
I