Document VGXwMwV8eOJgdGp1DBoJR29pw

FILE NAME: CERAMICS (CER) DATE: 1938 DOC#: CER015 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Journal Article Abstract - Dangerous Dust and Fumes-Cause of Industrial Diseases CERAMIC ABSTRACTS Compiled by The Americn Ceramic Society Volume 17, 1938 R o s i C P ltld) . 1/01- Ma*\ J RadO-IFFE E mily C Van Schoick D orotfty J T iten e* ) > A n n ie n ti ; Ca m m W tt on P u b h c a ' ^ n s J D SlTLP. A i . C h air m an. E DE F C l r t i s . E E M ar ba k e \V W V.'ivshib K C PVRDi A/ fNcCr tt t.ndattnn.. jJ.. B. aAuukitjiun ., A. nA.. nAyar, Ly. R. B .mr m i , R udo' li _ Bt _ a ria . A. . . c , ,, V^ f v Biddlc. \V. H Bruckner. P. P. Budnikoff and E Steianowsky, J. C C haston. M Cohn. M \ Condo.dc, P, S. D ear, M aurice D elanrre. R. W. D evillerj, A, H. Em ery. \ \ . D " Frchette. J. L. Gallup, J. D. G at. \V. H. G itien. M ax H artenheim J. J. Hazel. F G Heck. R. A. Heindl. P, G. Herold, G. M . H u it. J. F. H yde, H erbert Ituley C B Jenm B. Z_ Rnch. J. F Klekotka. Seiji Kondo. Yoahio Kon, W alther K ura. F. Ltlltehk. L F. M a ), t . R M c Clelland. F. P. F e te n . C. J. Phillip. J. G. Phillip. Alexi Pujcu, M . E. P o o r E n t P r to " H M. Rathbomc. Katherine Reed. H. K Richardon. Joseph R othjtetn. B C. Ruprecht. A B Scarle. Stanford Sctchell, G. R. Shelton, H E Simp*on, Roy Solkot. A. P ..o m . E . t t Steruel. A G Stem . B. H. Strom , G. L Strublcr. L. E. Thie<. Han T hum auer. E. J \ac h u k a. r t. Yacrr^yck. F J Zvanut Editorial OfUr: 2525 .So n h H ijh Street. Columbus. Ohio ruhhfntion Oficr: 20ih and N ortham pton Street*. Easton. Pa I mol. ol silicm and chilling ti e material by artificial *n throufb its critical temperature nu*e to a tem- ili \ f t w r t below approximately I000*F within a penod ol ' , 5 see., thereby tormin* a substantially transparent ^,5 product which is substantially fret from opaque yHfllint material relatively insoluble in an aqueous < ulioo of the transparent product. igmineeccnt material. H. W. Lxverenz (Radio Cor- (Oistion of America). U. S. 2.110.101, March 8, 1038 *> jga. 31, 1935). A metallic ortbogennanate activated by II which fives to the combination the characteristic j becoming luminescent upon being excited by "radiant w. ' Luminescent material. H. W. L s v t u n t (Radio Cor k. poration of America). U. S. 2.110,102. March 8. 1938 ,jan. 31, 1935). A metallic orthogermanate activated by i metal of the second subgroup of the first vertical column of the periodic system Which fives to th e combination the I characteristic of becoming luminescent upon being excited I be irradiations of "radiant energy." Method of preparing TIOi. R. H. M onk awn A. S. ti Ross (American Zinc, Lead A Smelting Co.). U. S. Ii 1108,723. Feb. 15. 1938 (Nov. 11. 1935). In a process of k preparing titanium dioxide, the steps comprise forming an i aqueous and approximately neutral dispersion of a protec w tive colloid and a salt relatively insoluble in water but completely soluble in the aqueous medium resulting from ir hydrolysis and then adding a concentrated titanium salt * olutioo thereto. 1 Preparation of a zirconium oxycarbide and silicon car ds. C. J. Kjnztb ah D. S. Hate (Titanium Alloy Mfg. > Co). U.S. 2.110,733, Match 8.1938 (March 1,1934). (5) The method of converting zircon, containing compounds c of iron and titanium as impurities, mixed with carbon- 4 containing material into a zirconium compound essentially !ret of silicon, titanium, and iron but mixed with silicon carbide, comprises heating, without fusion but with sub stantial decomposition, the charge enveloped hi a carbonI aceous insulating mix in an electric resistance furnace to form a dark-colored powdered zirconium compound con taining a relatively small amount of the silicon carbide. (7) A zirconium compound containing zirconium, carbon, and oxygen and probably having the structural formula (ZrO-C) obtained by high-temperature decomposition without fusion of zircon, containing compounds of iron and titanium as impurities, mixed with a carbonaceous meteri!, the compound being characterized as an opaque black powder of particle size from 0.005 to 0.03 mm., substantially free of silicon and iron, and with less than Vi of 1% of titanium as an impurity. Preoaaa 0f separating beryllium compounds from alumi num compounds. C. E. W itrra ano P. A. Pa m n t. U. S. 2,110,010. March 1. 1938 (June 18, 1937). The process of separating aluminum from beryllium in acid solutions of the two comprises precipitating substantially all of the aluminum by tbe addition of sodium bexametapbosphate. Sodium silicate adhesive*. A. S. W sycandt (E. t. du Pont de Nemours & Co.). U. S. 2.111,131, March 15, 1938 (Feb. 29.1936). Treatment of alumina-magneeie-chromite ore. A. E. C atiN E . V. S. 2,110,573, March 8. 1938 (June 8. 1936). Tbe method of treating chromite containing substantial percentages of alumina and magnesia to separate tbe latter in substantially pure and unadulterated condition and to recover the chromium as an iron alloy consists in preparing a charge of the ground chromite-alumina-magnesia ma terial together with carbonaceous reducing agent in suffi cient amount to reduce substantially all of the chromium and iron oxides present, the carbonaceous material being substantially free from any agent which would materially lower the melting point of the unreduced remaining alumina-magnesia, reducing this charge in an arc chamber and causing fusion of the reduced metal and of the aluminamagnesia by means of the arc heat, cooling the charge, and separating the metal and alumina-magnesia products from one another. General Ceramic inductry of W est-Steirmark. F. Schwas*. Sprtcktoal, 70 140) 505-507; (41 ] 515-17 ( 1 9 " ) --The region of West-Steirmark, in the south of Austria, k well tuited for the development of the stoneware, whiteware, u d ceramic building materials industries. It has rich deposits of various high-grade raw materials, coal, and v iler power. The deposits of raw materials are described. J M.V.C. Dangerous dust and fume--cause of industrial diseases F. M. R. B uure*. Can. ifatkinrrv. 48, 27-29 (1937); Cinn. A h ., 31,7142 (1937).--On the basis of the baxsrds involved, four classes a rt discussed. The so-called harm less dusts contain no silica. In heavy concentrations they cause irritation of the nose and throat and swelling of the lining of these and adjacent organs. Limestone is an ex ample. .Skin-irritating substances include a d d and alkali fumes, dusts of Or compounds, and certain Pb compounds. Pzniculsrly tetra-ethyl lead. Definitely poisonous tubnances include Pb, As, and Cd dust. Skin trouble and "osion of the nose partition may be caused by As. Even fflinuie quantities of Cd are very dangerous. Dusts pro ducing scarring of tbe lungs (fibrosis) are usually *those containing silica. Particles of 1 to 10 microns arc most effective in producing silicosis which, if advanced, often develops into tuberculosis. Financial statements calculated for short period* in hollow glass factories. H. Ottxk. GlatUck. Ber., IS |8] 308-13 (1937). J-F-H. Fine-dust filter--the problem and its solution. G. Stamps, K- Gsomkopp. and K . F . M o n s a n to. Drwger- H tju , No, 191. pp. 3571-82 (1937); Chtm. A ir - 31, 7701 (1937).--The occurr ence, characteristics, and danger Of fine dusts are discussed. Fine dusts are defined ns darts ccnipowd of particles less than 1 micron in diameter. Coarse dost is composed of particles between 1 and 3 microns in diameter. Several methods for the determina tion of particle size a rt described. Coarse dusts arc easily caught b y a filter of cotton o r other fibers. Fine dusts require a specially constructed filter, each as th a t con structed by the Draegcr Co., which has been thoroughly tested against several types of fine'dost. I t is designated " fine dost filter df 90." It has a prefiltcr of loosely pressed V " I` I 1 u i i i i t i 1 I i i ! } i ) ..