Document Rw7Mg3EpxVaKK570weaq2bZa

Monsanto MONSANTO INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS CO. BOO N. Lindbsrgh Boulevard St. Louis, Missouri 63166 Phone:(314)694-1000 March, 1972 Gentlemen: In August, 1971 you were informed that the Therminoi FR series heat transfer fluids, namely FR Lo-Temp, FR-0 and FR-1 had been discontinued for all new systems. We did continue to supply the Thermlnol FR series heat transfer fluids into existing systems as makeup where we were assured that Its use was in a non-food related system. In a continuing effort to prevent any PCB from entering the en vironment, last December we notified our U.S. customers^that the sale of all PCB-containing Therminols, namely Thermino^ FR LoTemp, FR-0 and FR-1, was being discontinued. We are currently extending discontinuation world-wide. We are suggesting that these remaining systems be drained completely, flushed to remove PCB, and refilled with non-T^B fluids. The most likely Monsanto candidates would be Thermlnol 55 and Thermlnol 66. We are also asking that all PCB materials be returned to us for disposal. In most cases this conversion can be accomplished with very little change to the system. It Is important, however, to realize that the new fluids are not fire resistant and that protective devices may be necessary for these fluids just the same as for other com bustible fluids. Suggestions regarding fire protection and other conversion details are included in the attached "Therminol Conver sion" bulletin. We hope this will be helpful to you in answering any questions you receive as co-suppliers in Thermlnol FR systems. We again want to ask your cooperation in this period of system con versions and appreciate your continued use and recommendation of the non-PCB containing Therminols, namely 55* 66, 77 and 88. Should you have questions please contact your local Monsanto re presentative or me at this location. V Very truly yours, cs Enclosures: J. J. Roder Product Supervisor Heat Transfer Fluids Conversion Bulletin Applications Unlimited Pump Seal Bulletin ' .. a unit of Monsanto Company .. DSW 434775 16 STLCOPCB4087834 g- . T E C H N I C A L fer B U L LET N THERMINOL CONVERSION BULLETIN SP/TC-1 Monsanto lKKuHgll.v) iTtV*-** rap,; ih ii-m.-<.> '\*v * p# V"`- - m* H$.sju? C* j(33#' -** *j5r'` S'. DSW 434776 STLCOPCB4087835 THERMINOL CONVERSION BULLETIN SP/TC-1 "Nothing contained herein is to be construed as a recommendation to use any product in conflict with any patent. MONSANTO MAKES NO WARRANTIES AS TO THE FITNESS OR MERCHANTABILITY OF ANY PRODUCT REFERRED TO, no guarantee of satisfactory results from reliance upon contained information or recommendations, and disclaims all liability for any resulting loss or damage." Monsanto Industrial Chemicals Co. A Unit of Monsanto Company 800 N. Lindbergh Blvd., St. Louis, Mo. 63166 DSW 434777 STLCOPCB4087836 INTRODUCTION Therminol FR fire-resistant heat transfer fluids have long provided safe, dependable, economical performance for hundreds of users in dozens of applications. The presence of poly-chlorinated biphenyl (PCB) in the Therminol FR formulation provided fire-resistance, giving Therminol FR an added margin of safety which was especially desirable in hazardous applications. Most recently, PCB has been identified as a potential hazard to the environment. Monsanto has accordingly elected to discontinue the manufacture and sale of Therminol FR fluids for heat transfer appli cations. This bulletin is to inform you about two alternative products sold by Monsanto which do not contain PCB, namely Therminol 55 and Therminol 66. These products offer most of the excellent heat transfer characteristics of Therminol FR fluids, and even a few additional advantages, such as a lower specific gravity for improved pumpability requiring less horsepower. We would point out that Therminol 55 and 66 are not fire-resistant to the extent the Therminol FR fluids were, and due consideration must be given this fact in converting to these newer Therminol fluids. You may wish to consult with your insurers on any conversion from Therminol FR. Conversion from a Therminol FR fluid to a Therminol 55 or 66 fluid will be a relatively simple, low-cost procedure in the majority of cases. Incorporation of proper fire protection equipment will be the only consideration of major consequence in most cases. But even this modification becomes academic, for with the discontinuation of Therminol FR fluids, fire protection equipment becomes necessary for any and all low pressure heat transfer media available today, since the Therminol FR fluids were unique in their fire-resistance. ' Should questions arise with respect to the conversion from Therminol FR fluid, Monsanto's Specialty Products Group invites you to call upon its staff or qualified systems engineers for consultation at any time. Call . . . (314) 694-2514 and ask for a Monsanto Heat Transfer Specialist. DSW 434778 STLCOPCB4087837 Therminol 55 and 66 and Your Heat Transfer System Table 1 shows the typical physical, chemical and thermal properties of Therminol FR-1, Therminol 55 and Therminol 66. As you will note, Therminol 55 and 66 are quite similar except with regard to AIT, Fire Point and density. The substantially lower density of Therminol 55 and 66 means that pumps used in a Therminol FR-1 system should be adequate for a Therminol 55 and 66 system. In most cases, pumping rates will be increased with a resultant saving in horsepower require ments. TABLE 1 TYPICAL PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL & THERMAL PROPERTIES Composition Maximum Bulk Temperature Rating (F.) Recommended Use Range (F.) Pour Point (F.) Pounds/Gallon (75 F.) Flash Point (F.) Fire Point (F.) AIT (F.) Boiling Range (F.) Molecular Weight Expansion Coefficient cc/cc/F. Therminol FR-1 Polychlorinated Biphenyl 60QF. Therminol 66 Modified Terphenyl 650 F. 45 - 575F. 2 11.55 350 None to Boiling 1206F. 620 --680 265 0.00031 45 -- 635F. -15 8.35 355 374 -392 705 644 --745 240 0.00039 Therminol 55 Alkylated Aromatic 600 F. 20 - 575F. -40 7.4 355 410 670 635 - 734 340 0.00047 Therminol 55 and 66 have outstanding heat transfer properties, so heating and cooling performance will not be sacrificed in a change from Therminol FR-1. The specific heat and thermal conductivity of Therminol 55 and 66 are shown, along with other physical properties, in Tables 2, 3 and 4, and in Figures 1, 2 and 3. The lower pour points of Therminol 55 and 66 will provide easier cold startup of the system. DSW 434779 3 STLCOPCB4087838 ft mOHM. 'im.ili rrtia w y ii.lin Temperature F C 50 10 100 38 150 66 200 93 250 121 300 149 350 177 400 204 450 232 500 260 550 288 600 316 650 343 700 371 TABLE 2 THERMINOL FR-1 VARIATION OF PROPERTIES WITH TEMPERATURE Density Ib/gal 11.68 11.46 11.22 10.99 10.76 10.53 10.30 10.07 9.83 9.60 9.37 9.14 8:91 8.68 Kfl/m3 1399.6 1372.7 1343.7 1316.7 1289.1 1261.3 1233.5 1205.8 1178.0 1150.2 1122.5 1094.7 1066.9 1039.3 Specific Heat Thermal Conductivity BTU/lb Kcal/Kg BTU/ft Kcal/m F C hr F hr C 0.272 0.282 0.291 0.3047 0.3151 0.3255 0.3359 0.3464 0.3568 0.3672 0.3776 0.3880 0.3985 0.4089 0.272 0.282 0.291 0.3047 0.3151 0.3255 0.3359 0.3464 0.3568 0.3672 0.3776 0.3880 0.3985 0.4089 0.06098 0.06060 0.06021 0.05976 0.05927 0.05875 0.05819 0.05760 0.05697 0.05630 0.05560 0.05487 0.05409 0.05329 0.0907 0.0902 0.0896 0.0889 0.0882 0.0874 0.0866 0.0857 0.0848 0.0838 0.0827 0.0817 0.0805 0.0793 Viscosity Cp 308 23.2 6.6 3.4 2.3 1.4 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 Cs 220 16.9 4.9 2.6 1.8 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 Vapor Pressure mmHg absolute Kg/cm2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 10 0.0136 27 0.0367 65 0.0884 143 0.1945 291 0.3958 550 0.7480 18.8psia 1.3218 31.9psia 2.2429 Temperature F C 0 50 10 100 38 150 66 200 93 250 121 300 149 350 177 400 204 450 232 500 260 550 288 600 316 650 343 700 371 TABLE 3 THERMINOL 66 VARIATION OF PROPERTIES WITH TEMPERATURE Density Ib/gal 8.67 8.51 8.34 8.14 7.91 7.77 7.59 7.39 7.17 7.04 6.75 6.62 6.42 6.24 6.09 Kg/m3 1040 1020 1000 975 950 930 910 885 860 840 810 793 770 750 730 Specific Heat Thermal Conductivity BTU/ib Kcal/Kg BTU/ft Kcal/m F C hr F hr C 0.320 0.350 0.380 0.405 0.430 0.455 0.480 0.505 0.530 0.555 0.580 0.605 0.630 0.655 0.680 0.320 0.350 0.380 0.405 0.430 0.455 0.480 0.505 0.530 0.555 0.580 0.605 0.630 0.655 0.680 0.0720 0.0711 0.0703 0.0695 0.0687 0.0678 0.0670 0.0662 0.0653 0.0645 0.0637 0.0628 0.0620 0.0613 0.0605 0.1072 0.1058 0.1046 0.1034 0.1022 0.1008 0.0997 0.0985 0.0972 0.0959 0.0948 0.0935 0.0923 0.0912 0.0900 Viscosity Cp 62000 255 28.0 9.75 4.18 2.42 1.55 1.06 0.77 0.58 0.45 0.36 0.34 0.27 0.20 Cs 50000 250 28.0 10.0 4.40 2.60 1.70 1.20 0.90 .0.69 0.55 0.46 0.44 0.36 0.28 Vapor Pressure mmHg absolute Kg/cm2 -- -- -- -- 0.1 -- 2.0 -- 20.0 50.0 100.0 200.0 350.0 760.0 1000 -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.003 -- 0.027 0.068 0.136 0.272 0.476 1.034 1.360 * DSW 434780 4 STLCOPCB4087839 > Temperature F c 0 -18 100 38 200 93 300 149 400 204 500 260 600 316 TABLE 4 THERMINOL 55 VARIATION OF PROPERTIES WITH TEMPERATURE Density Ib/gal 7.62 7.31 7.00 6.69 6.39 6.07 5.76 Kg/m3 915 878 840 803 766 729 691 Specific Heat Thermal Conductivity BTU/lb Kcal/Kg BTU/ft Kcal/m F C hr F hr C 0.420 0.472 0.522 0.572 0.620 0.670 0.718 0.420 0.472 0.522 0.572 0.620 0.670 0.718 0.0813 0.0784 0.0753 0.0724 0.0692 0.0661 0.0630 0.1210 0.1167 0.1121 0.1077 0.1030 0.0984 0.0938 Viscosity Cp 1472 25.4 4.20 1.69 0.904 0.583 0.415 Cs 1610 30.1 5.0 2.10 1.18 0.80 0.60 Vapor Pressure mmHg absolute Kg/cm2 -- 0.5 3.0 10 40 100 250 .-- 0.001 0.004 0.014 0.054 0.136 0.330 FIGURE 1 THERMINOL FR-1 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES DSW 434781 5 STLCOPCB4087840 FIGURE 3 THERM INOL 55 40 35 30 UXc0ol 25 | 20 zOLU >1 15 55 oo 10 S2 > 5 0 DSW 434782 STLCOPCB4087841 r Generally speaking, then, a well designed system currently operating on Therminol FR-1 can be converted to Therminol 55 and 66 with few, if any, basic changes in design -- and without sacrifice to heat transfer efficiency. With the similarity of the heat transfer properties of the three fluids thus established, let us turn to the important differences between Therminol FR-1 and Therminol 55 and 66: namely, fireresistance and oxidation-resistance. Fire-Resistance As stated in the Introduction to this bulletin, the Therminol FR fluids were unique in their inherent fire-resistance. No other commonly used heat transfer medium could be so classified. Even so, the Therminol FR fluids could be made to burn under certain conditions, as indicated by their AIT of about 1200F. It is important to realize that Therminol 55 and 66 are less fire-resistant than Therminol FR-1, and to modify the heat transfer system accord ingly; it is equally important to understand that Therminol 55 and 66 are not volatile, highly flammable fluids, but rather combustible as defined by FM and NFPA (NFPA No. 321). Protecting the System There are two major fire protection considerations in changing to Therminol 55 or 66 -- system leakage and possible tube rupture (in the heater). The former is actually part of the larger subject of good system maintenance, and should be considered regardless of the heat transfer medium employed. A tight, well-maintained system is usually a good, safe system! Following are some suggestions to prevent leakage when you convert to Therminol 55 or 66. First, if your system has rotary mechanical seals, you should provide a spray shield and a drip pan with a drain to a collection sump. Canned and seal-less pumps offer excellent protection against leakage. The best way to prevent piping leakage is to weld all connections. Where you must have access, use raised-face flanges with appropriate gasketing and high-temperature bolting. Control of piping leaks is especially important, since fluid-soaked insulation poses a more serious hazard than the leaking fluid, itself. Organic compounds such as Therminol 55 and 66 exhibit a slow oxidation reaction with the air trapped inside the voids of the in sulating material when system temperatures reach about 500F. Saturated insulation offers a large fuel surface in the face of poor heat dissipation conditions, and this, along with possible catalysis from the insulating material (magnesia, silicate-bonded asbestos or calcium silicate) can cause a temperature build-up in the mass. This temperature build-up can result in ignition of the fluid when the space between the piping and the saturated insulation is exposed to air (i.e., should the insulation be broken for repair, etc.). This phenomenon is not fully understood, but appears to occur less with closed cell insulation than with the insulating materials mentioned I [ j j [ j J j DSW 434783 7 STLCOPCB4087842 above. Closed cell materials, then, are preferred, especially where leakage is a possibility despite all precautions. The principle problem areas are near instrument connections, valve packing glands, flanges, and where cracks develop in relatively im permeable insulation cement adjacent to oil soaked insulation. To obviate this problem, eliminate any source of leakage promptly. Replace leaky gaskets, oil soaked insulation, and re-pack valve stems. Cover insulation where leaks might occur with a hydraulic setting, oil-resistant cement. Install valves, where possible, with the stems in a horizontal position so that leaks will drip away from the insulation. And again, use closed cell insulating materials on suspect piping areas. Tube Rupture in Fired Heaters Generally speaking, where fire protection is concerned, it is best to consult your insurance underwriter for guidance and counsel. Likewise, you will want to discuss your fire safety equipment requirements with qualified suppliers of fire protection equipment. Selection and sizing of fire protection equipment is important to safeguard the installation. A commonly used method of preventing fire in the event of tube rupture in fired heaters is piping steam or C02 as a snuffer into the combustion chamber of the heater. Usually a properly-sized line with a remote manual valve for activation is the preferred arrangement. This snuffer system could be automated by the use of an exhaust stack temperature switch. This switch would then energize a solenoid valve and alarm upon excessive temperature rise, automatically flooding the chamber with a fire extinguishing agent. In practice the temperature switch is often set about 100F. over the normal exhaust temperature to prevent nuisance shutdowns. Where steam snuffer systems are used, it is a good idea to employ a steam trap to avoid slugging the combustion chamber with water when the system activates, or is activated manually. You can obtain a basic guideline in the selection of C02 protection equipment (again, it is best to consult your insurance underwriter) from the National Fire Protection Assn., 60 Batterymarch Street, Boston, Mass. 02110 AC 617-482-8755. NFPA Bulletin No. 12 dated 1968 should be requested. This bulletin should be helpful in determining the amount of C02 and the concentration of C02 needed to extinguish a fire based on your specific application. C02 cylinders are available from Cardox Division of Chemetron, Chicago, 111. as well as other suppliers. Some standard sizes are 50, 75, 100 and 150 pound cylinders. Prices usually include drawings of the units, fully charged cylinders, flexible piping connectors, spray nozzle, pressure switch, alarm and automatic control, provided C02 release signal is supplied by customer device. Piping, wiring, and installa tion labor to be provided by the customer. Recharging of spent cylinders is available at an additional cost from a variety of "Fire & Safety Equipment Suppliers'' listed in the Yellow Pages of your phone book. DSW 434784 O STLCOPCB4087843 Selection of all equipment and installation recommendations should be obtained from qualified suppliers; however, it is important to insure that sufficient CO2 is available to prevent re-ignition while the heater is cooling. The Halon Fire Suppression System is a possible alternative to a C02 arrangement because it can be used in closed spaces with personnel in the area. One supplier of Halon systems is the Cardox Division of Chemetron Corporation, Chicago, 111. 60611. Again, we strongly recommend that the advice of fire protection companies be solicited in either case to insure proper equipment selection and installation. If steam is to be used rather than the other alternatives suggested above, please refer to the NFPA Volume I, Section 86A (1970-1971) to obtain the volume of steam required. Oxidation-Resistance With a Therminol 55 or 66 system, some provision should be made to prevent oxidation caused by air contact at fluid temperatures exceeding 200F. This was not the case with Therminol FR fluids, but must be observed for Therminol 55 and Therminol 66. Oxidation can result in sludge formation, eventually leading to carbonaceous deposits on heat transfer surfaces and at mechanical seal faces. Oxidation of fluid can develop by air contact in an open, vented expan sion tank. Therefore, we recommended that the expansion tank be blanketed with an inert gas (such as nitrogen) as shown in Figure 4. If this is not possible, air contact can be minimized by a cold seal arrange ment as shown in Figure 5. An inert gas pressure of one to two psi is adequate, as Therminol 55 and 6S do not require pressurization to maintain liquid phase. FIGURE 4 SUGGESTED INERT GAS ARRANGEMENT FOR EXPANSION TANK INERT GAS 1-2 PSI -- FILL LINE" XI -OO- RUPTURE DISC (OPTIONAL) ^RELIEF VALVE T fr----ex-- VENT APPROX. V3-----'I" , FULL LINE SIZE A M -Q LLC CATCH POT o PUMP DSW 434785 9 STLCOPCB4087844 FIGURE 5 SUGGESTED COLD SEAL TRAP ARRANGEMENT FOR EXPANSION TANK FILL B ]________ VENT i; approx. y3 Y'' FULL LINE SIZE f n -O LLC D COLD fe* SEAL ,, tank 0 X- -o <x- PUMP ixj You can design the cold seal arrangement quite simply by piping the expansion tank vent to a second tank where the vent line projects subsurface and can be flooded with additional Therminol 55 or 66 to minimize air contact in the expansion tank vapor space. In converting from Therminol FR to Therminol 55 or 66, it is important to remember that many Therminol FR systems were designed with a hot bleed line into the expansion tank to eliminate moisture accumula tion. Moisture accumulation in the presence of hydrogen chloride gas released during the decomposition of the FR fluids could contribute to acidity problems. This is not the case with Therminol 55 or 66; there fore, this bleed line should not be used during normal operation of a Therminol 55 or 66 system. This line should be valved off during opera tion but it could be retained as a convenient means of venting the system during initial startup after conversion. Further protection against a hot expansion tank occurrence would be the removal of any expansion tank insulation and feeder line insulation. Carbonaceous deposits can also occur at the pump seal face due to leakage at high temperatures. The use of a seal flush system or a double mechanical seal is helpful in preventing excessive seal wear. Converting to Therminol 55 and 66 With fire-protection and oxidation-resistance procedures well in mind, let us turn to the matter of preparing the Therminol FR system for Therminol 55 or 66. Accumulation of debris over the years in the system could cause serious problems, especially to mechanical seals, rotary joints, etc. All heat transfer systems should be cleaned from time to time as a part of normal preventive maintenance. Since a fluid change is neces- DSW 434786 in STLCOPCB4087845 i sary at this time, it would seem practical to use the downtime to thoroughly clean the system prior to startup on a fresh charge of fluid. We strongly advise you not to simply drain and change, but to take this opportunity to clean your system. Many potential problems will be prevented by so doing. Another reason for cleaning your system at this time is to assure com plete removal of the Therminol FR fluid. A system cleanout is the only sure way to do so. How to go about the cleanout is a matter of choice, but here are some alternatives for your consideration: A. Fluid Flush Cleaning This method is probably the fastest and most effective where heating surfaces are not heavily fouled. It also offers the advantage of not having to introduce foreign chemicals into the system. With this method, the system is drained of Therminol FR, re-filled with Therminol 55 or 66, operated for a reasonable period of time, drained once again, and finally, recharged with fresh Therminol 55 or 66. Both the drained Therminol FR and the Therminol 55 or 66 used to flush the system may then be returned to Monsanto for disposal. B. Solvent Cleaning This method is satisfactory for cleaning a slightly soiled system, but chlorinated solvents must be avoided. Typical solvents used are benzene, and xylol (caution should be used with low flash point solvents). Do not use trichlorobenzene or perchloroethylene. (CAUTION: ALL SOLVENTS SHOULD BE COMPLETELY REMOVED FROM THE SYSTEM PRIOR TO OPERATING AT HIGH TEMPERATURES). Normally this is accomplished by drying the residual with warm air or by operating the refilled Therminol system at a temperature slightly above the boiling point of the solvent until the residual is vented from the system. Some caution should be used in drying the system to prevent flashing of the solvent with resultant discharge of Therminol from the system. Both the drained Therminol FR and the flushing solvent may then be returned to Monsanto for disposal. Fluid Disposal Monsanto offers an incineration service for the disposal of PCB heat transfer fluids and the flushing fluids mentioned above. For details of this service and how to return fluids to Monsanto for disposal, please write: Monsanto Company P.O. Box 14617 St. Louis, Missouri 63178 ... or call (314) 694-2514 and ask for a Monsanto Heat Transfer Specialist. DSW 434787 11 STLCOPCB4087846 Handling: General Information Heat transfer fluids are intended only for indirect heating purposes. Under no circumstances should any Therminol heat transfer fluid be allowed to come in contact with or in any way contaminate food, animal feed, food products, food packaging materials, food handling equipment, pharmaceuticals or any food-related items. Therminol 55 and Therminol 66: Safety of Handling According to the definitions of the U.S. Federal Hazardous Substances Labeling Act, Therminol 55 and 66 are not toxic substances since the oral and dermal lethal doses in animals are greater than 5 grams per kilogram of body weight. Additional animal studies indicate that they do not have significant skin or eye irritation potential. It is suggested however, that good industrial practice relating to the avoidance of repeated and prolonged skin contact to any industrial chemical, heat transfer fluids, or petroleum product be followed. Therminol 55 and 66 have such low vapor pressures at ambient temper . ature that inhalation of vapors during transfer of fluid from shipping containers to a heat transfer system presents no hazard. Vapors emitted by either fluid at elevated temperatures may be irritating as would be the case with excessively heated petroleum oils. In heat transfer installations, the fluids are used in a closed, unpressurized system free from leaks and with the expansion tank vent trapped so as to condense any vapors and thus prevent their escape to the work environment. Consequently, there should be little or no opportunity for workers to experience any contact or exposure. While it is believed that Therminol 55 and 66 pose no serious problems with respect to the environment, as a concerned supplier to industry, Monsanto urges the user to maintain a tight system, to correct leakage promptly, and to exercise care in the handling and disposal of this and all other such products. A tight maintenance program not only protects the environment, but keeps employes comfortable, the working area clean, and the system running smoothly. D DSW 434788 12 STLCOPCB4087847 \ CUSTOMER SERVICE CENTERS AKRON, OHIO 44313 260 Springside Drive Montrose Development Park Tet. (216) 666-4111 ATLANTA, GEORGIA 30339 320 Interstate North Parkway Suite 500 Tet. (404) 432-7111 BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 02149 Everett Station Tel. (617) 387-5010 CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 3158 Des Plaines Ave. Des Plaines, Illinois 60018 Tel. (312) 296-6688 CINCINNATI, OHIO 45206 1501 Madison Road Tel. (513) 751-6707 DETROIT. MICHIGAN 500 Northland Towers West - Southfield, Michigan 48075 Tel. (313) 357-0910 HOUSTON, TEXAS 77027 1301 Post Oak Tower 5051 Westheirner Road Tel. (713) 621-9550 .. LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90022 6670 E. Flotilla St. Tel. (213) 723-2492 NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10036 1114 A venue of the Americas Tel. (212) 764-5000 ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI 63166 J 800 N. Lindbergh Blvd. Tel. (314) 694-1000 SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA 2710 Lafayette Santa Clara, California 95052 Tel. (408) 243-0414 . SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 98121 2112 Third Avenue Tel. (206) 622-4203 WILMINGTON, DELAWARE 19810 Suite 204, Bancroft Bldg. 3411 Si/verside Road Tel. (302) 478-4600 Monsanto Industrial Chemicals Co. A Unit of Monsanto Company 800 N. Lindbergh Blvd., St. Louis, Mo. 63166 12/71 Vy amm DSW 434789 STLCOPCB4087848 i DSW 434790 Monsanto 800 N. LINDBERGH BLVD ST. LOUIS. MISSOURI 63766 STLCOPCB4087849 0/FF-15R STLCOPCB4087850 > Therminol? Does your process require indirect heating ;-- that is, high working temperatures delivered to remote "user" locations without flame? Perhaps your process requires indirect heating and cool ing within the same system. Or, maybe you'd like to get more out of your process heat by us ing it in a nearby space heating application, as well. There are a number of ways to get these jobs done. A common one involves the use of a pres- This Dutch tanker uses a Therminol system to heat living quarters as well as cargo. Apartment buildings, offices, hospitals--buildings of all kinds find Therminol an economical alternative to steam. surized heating system -- water (or other liq uids) heated to the vapor phase and transferred under high, pressures to the user. But there are drawbacks to this type of indirect heating. Cost ly, often complex equipment, for one. The need for licensed boiler operators for another. Then, too, high operating pressures pose some very real safety problems. That's Why There's Therminol Heat Transfer Fluids With Therminol fluids, you discover the best of all indirect heating worlds--high and low heat ranges, thermal stability, and efficient heat trans fer without high pressure, without the need for costly equipment, and without the need for con tinuous observation. Therminol fluid heat sys tems offer you the most dependable, most effici ent indirect heating and cooling your process dollars can buy--and this booklet tells you why. Several resin kettles with various heat needs can be heated from one Therminol system. Petroleum processors, both on-shore and off-shore, enjoy increased heat transfer safety with Therminol. Rolls in rubber, plastics, textiles and paper get uni form heat with Therminol. Therminol brings uniform temperature control to tex tile processing and finishing. DSW 434792 STLCOPCB4087851 ? What makes Therminol right for your application? - Hundreds of customers who have specified TherI minol for new installations and conversions of exi isting systems will give you these answers. : LOWER CAPITAL COSTS | Without pressure you i can save 25% to 50%. That's because you don't ; need heavy piping, relief valves or other high pressure devices. LOWER OPERATING COSTS | Fluid make-up is : generally not required. Heat losses are reduced ! over vapor phase systems because condensate sub- j cooling is not present. Routine maintenance is minimized and these non-pressured systems re- . quire only minimum attention by non-licensed per sonnel. i i i Since Therminol remains liquid throughout its tem perature range, rapid circulation through your rolls helps achieve uniform heat. This has resulted in greater throughput and fewer rejects for Therminol customers producing rubber, plastics and paper. DSW 434793 STLCOPCB4087852 -Textile processing and finishing--wheie bicoc icmperature control is a must--is a "nature1" for Thar minol, with no need for venting, h'g1- ----pressures, and continuous observation. You'll be surprised at how easy it is to work with a Therminol heat transfer sys tem. The middle diagram at the right shows typical Therminol liquid heating and cooling systems used together to maintain very close temperature control at the user. Note that the term "heater" is used rather than "boiler" since we do not boil Therminol in the primary heat source. Benefits of a Liquid Heating System You gain a wide spectrum of benefits with a Therminol liquid heating system. In many locations, codes favor Ther- minol systems, thus minimizing the need for expensive operating personnel. Positive circulation through your users ends venting problems; the system re mains sealed and flooded. Liquid systems respond more rapidly to your system's load changes. Install your users at any level in relation to the heater; there's no condensate re moval problem. You realize a substantial cost savings with smaller pipe. Also, smaller valves control temperature more accurately-- down to 2F. No temperature loss due to pressure drop in the piping; with vapor, any line friction loss results in a lower vapor condensing temperature at the users. You can meet different temperature de mands in the same user if required by certain processes by adjusting the cir culation rate. A liquid heating medium, like Ther minol, will usually give you higher heat transfer rates in certain types of users, such as shell and tube heat exchangers. Cooling can be handled in the same system. Heating systems for Therminol are sold around the world on a compet itive basis. Contact your nearest Mon santo office, (listed on the inside back cover) for information and recommen dations on the heating equipment that will fit your particular need. The conversion of the Detroit River House Cooper ative from steam boilers to Therminol heating saves $36,000 annually by providing non-pressurized un attended operation and through documented fuel savings. STLCOPCB4087853 r1 : ;~ The Therminol Family You find more design and engineering flexibility with Therminol than with any other heat transfer : media because of the wide range of fluids in the Therminol family. . The Therminol series of heat transfer fluids offer an operating range of 0 to 800F. Important for the future, as your processes change, you can pick a new Therminol fluid to match your new needs. Most Therminol fluids are interchange able in your liquid heating system. The charts on the next two pages detail the broad characteristics of the Therminol family of fluids. On both ships and barges Therminol preempts the high costs of pressurized indirect heating. Therminol's ability to recover waste heat adds to the savings. Low temperature pumpability allows convenient cold weather start up, so viscous liquid cargoes are ready for unloading where the vessel reaches port. DSW 434795 STLCOPCB4087854 Temperature Use Ranges For Therminol Heat Transfer Fluids \ Therminol heat transfer fluids offer a wide range of operating temperature capa bility. As this bar chart indicates, there is a Therminol fluid for virtually any spe cial temperature situation your process may encounter -- from 0 to 800F. Each Therminol fluid is carefully formulated to bring the best heat transfer prop erties to a given temperature situation. This page and the following will help you select the right Therminol fluid for your application. DSW 434796 STLCOPCB4087855 ..... -' 0.0695 ' .* 0.0607?#^ W3M' aCJi062.'^TV" 0.0653 - ,- , 0.0645 , ; j ft^637- ;t 328 afeW *0605 J 50000 250 '&&3&&G&jS$3L...,r., ...... 28.0 , 10.0 8, 24.6400 *#. ... _____.,. > ^ i*, ,.:H > /,* `u& - * tr- , 0 90 ' - -.' ' o.69 t SaD;55!il8l^^|lv 0 4.X0 >--*. >~'*^V*:'e* .SPU.ob -V `v^-siiJyJ^UiWS -------- ' ' TOrrv 1 THERMINOL 77 ingS* !S5&'`r Tempe *F Musme ' - - I^SsteJiiapSwctfsle,il-t ` Thermal *. Conductivity -, Density , Wtb.Ti ' BTU/Hr.:.tP^ft3i '' Ib./Gal. ' ^,j^ v v Viscosity ", Cs/, - * * j S V5 4 a:*** , - 50 i.nn 200 k,' V, ... 300 W'.^rx. 400 StilMllIP00 - 10 -- . -VO.330 ,. . . 0.0793 . 38 - . . ..' --- .'.' j ^iojso 0.0781 9.8 - 9.6 . - -- -r 181 - - . ,> - /. ~ * 93 0.375 ; -0.0760 ' 9.26 ** 7.78 ' ` ' 149 204 fe;p,27vft .-SOMlv -: 00739 _; pS^5 :: 0.0719 ' V? ' *' 0D8..0904 :.. - 2.65 ;- ' , 1.50 V"* ; / 260 : 92 , -.` ^0.485'tS^ ' - 0.0698' * ' 'bW&9M 0.96 > V'( . 4 .';:-318W.'i .371^ ^:;168.^ jjpi|feaa& .. 00678 t#t^0.0660 ** *#0.66l^^p^i :i#T7.38'tt#4 *** 530 'M t om :?-&? '"VvC^O - 705 ,* ' 0.34' * `^1 J ' ' ' ' ' *"' THERMINC)L 88 *: - 1; '...... " - :' Vapor Temperature Pressure r . - . "C .- . mm Hg. .. Specific ' Heat BTU/#F h; 300 149 ;fe 400 204 . i; 8 - ; - 500 260 r .... 600 316 [ 700 i 371 ;, 800 426 P 900 482 1.2 11 , 65 260 800 / 1500 3000 0.467 . ,, 0.497 0.525 ,. 0.554 .: 0.584 0.613 1 0.642 ' . ? i!i\ Thermal Conductivity BTU/hr-ft!-F/ft Density Lb./Gal. Viscosity ; i ' ' cs ' . 0.0738 ^ ` 8.41 0.0712 . 8.00 0.0686 7.66 0.0660 7.33 0.0634 6.91 0.0608 6.58 0.0581 ' 6.16 1.57 0.87 0.55 0.38 0.29 0.23 0.19 ; .1 J 1 H .1 DSW 434797 F , J? STLCOPCB4087856 Applications Unlimited The pictures on the preceding pages have given you a glimpse of a few typical Therminol applications. On land and sea. In plants and apartment buildings. But the applications for Therminol are actually unlimited. As unlimited as your needs for safe, uniform, efficient heat delivery. Here are a few more areas where Therminol has met those needs: CHEMICAL PROCESSING . . . especially where flammable materials are handled. Therminol has proved particularly success ful for exchangers, distillation columns, reboilers, mixers, dryers, etc. - RESIN PROCESSING . . . where a single "circuit" with multiple users and varying temperatures is desirable. PLASTICS, RUBBER MOLDING AND PAPER . . . where uniform heating, rapid temperature flux and pin-point control is essential such as heating corrugating and drying rolls, crimping presses, calendars, platens and molds. TEXTILES PROCESSING ... for con trolled temperatures in processing and finishing of synthetic fibers. PETROLEUM AND OFF-SHORE DRluLING . . .offers control over a wide tem perature range and the ability to accom modate sudden fluctuations in processing loads automated with complete safety. SHIPS AND BARGES . . . preempts the cost of pressurized indirect heating sys tems with efficient, dependable heating while underway. SPACE HEATING . . . ideal for hospitals, hotels, apartment houses and office build ings where the goal is safety, low main tenance and reduced operating costs. DSW 434798 STLCOPCB4087857 You Don't Have To Be An Expert We'll loan you ours. Talk to the Monsanto heat transfer ex perts. They've provided consultation for hundreds of Therminol fluid sys tems--in both new installations and in conversions of existing systems. They can point out the benefits of a Ther minol system, and offer detailed as sistance to you now -- no matter what stage your project is in, what applica tion you have in mind. From design and engineering to start up opera tions, you'll be surprised at how easy it is to work with a Therminol heat transfer system. STLCOPCB4087858 DISTRICT SALES OFFICES ALL DIVISIONS Additional District Offices are maintained by: AKRON, OHIO 44313 260 Springside Drive Montrose Development Perk Tel. (216) 666-4111 ATLANTA, GEORGIA 30339 320 Interstate North Parkway Suite 500 Tel. (404) 432-7111 BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 02149 Everett Station Tel. (617) 387-5010 CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 3158 Des Plaines Ave. Des Plaines. Illinois 60018 Tel. (312) 296-6688 CINCINNATI. OHIO 45206 1501 Madison Road Tel. (513) 751-6707 DETROIT, MICHIGAN 500 Northland Towers West Southfield, Mich. 48075 Tel. (313) 357-0910 HONOLULU, HAWAII 96812 205 Pacific International Bldg. 677 Ala Moana Blvd., P. O. Box 3824 Tel. (808) 531-2744 HOUSTON. TEXAS 77027 1301 Post Oak Tower 5051 Westheimer Road Tel. (713) 621-9550 LOS ANGELES. CALIFORNIA 90022 6670 E Flotilla St. Tel. (213) 723-2492 Agricultural Division DECATUR, ILLINOIS 62523 207 Decatur Professional Building 363 South Main Street Tel. (217) 423-6031 DES MOINES, IOWA 50310 312 Merle Hay Tower Tel. (516) 276-8503 INDIANAPOLIS INDIANA 46205 Suite 215,4002 Meadows Drive Building Tel. (317) 547-9148 KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI 64133 701 Blue Ridge Tower 4240 Blue Ridge Boulevard Tel. (816) 353-8060 LULING, LOUISIANA 70070 P. O. Box 174 Tel. (504) 784-6263 MANKATO, MINNESOTA 56001 111 Madison East Tel. (507) 387-3406 MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE 38104 303 Union Plaza Building 1835 Union Avenue Tel. (901) 278-7811 MUSCATINE, IOWA 52761 P. O. Box 473 Tel. (319) 263-1331 Hydrocarbons & Polymers Division NEW ENGLAND AREA 730 Worcester St. Indian Orchard, Mass. 01051 Tel. (413) 788-6911 Lion OH EL DORADO. ARKANSAS 71730 Lion Oil Building Tel. (501)863-3111 JACKSON, MISSISSIPPI 39209 P. O. Box 10937, Westland Station Tel. (601) 352-3648 N. LITTLE ROCK, ARKANSAS 72119 410 West 8th Street. P. O. Box 5821 Tel. (501) 376-2437 MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE 38113 1023 Riverside Drive, P. O. Box 13248 Tel. (901) 948-4451 NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10017 277 Park Avenue Tel. (212) 922-4111 ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI 63166 800 N. Lindbergh Blvd. Tel. (314) 694-1000 SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA 2710 Lafayette, Santa Clara, Calif. 95052 Tel. (408) 243-0414 SEATTLE. WASHINGTON 98121 2112 Third Avenue Tel. (206) 622-4203 WILMINGTON. DELAWARE 19810 Suite 204, Bancroft Bldg. 3411 Silverside Road Tel. (302) 478-4600 Plastic Products & Resins Division EUGENE, OREGON 97402 855 Seneca Road Tel. (503) 342-7201 KENILWORTH, NEW JERSEY 07033 North Seventh St. & Monroe Ave. Tel. (201) 276-2900 NEW ENGLAND AREA 190 Grochmal Avenue Indian Orchard, Mass. 01051 Tel. (413) 788-6911 Textiles Division CHARLOTTE, NORTH CAROLINA 28210 6230 Fairview Road, Suite 400 Tel. (704) 364-0110 GREENVILLE, SOUTH CAROLINA 29606 McAlister Plaza P. O. Box 5564, Station B Tel. (803) 242-6700 NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10001 350 Fifth Ave. Tel. (212) 556-5100 MONSANTO. 800 N. LINDBERGH BLVD., ST. LOUIS. MISSOURI 63166 8/71 l' s ri%i ; \ tF* |tt i' * rFri , 5 j 5I ti: "Nothing contained herein is to be construed as a recom mendation to use any product in conflict with any patent. MONSANTO MAKES NO WARRANTIES AS TO THE FITNESS OR MERCHANTABILITY OF ANY PRODUCTS REFERRED TO, no guarantee of satisfactory results from reliance upon con tained information or recommendations, and disclaims all liability for any resulting loss or damage." . O o 00 CO CO Q STLCOPCB4087859 Monsanto DSW 434801 Monsanto Industrial Chemical Company / Specialty Products / 800 North Lindbergh Blvd. / St. Louis, Missouri 63166 1171-- IGJ--LRA LITHO IN USA STLCOPCB4087860