Document Rpg9xBexaexz1KR5e3ZpXpe2V

IttM NOKIDWIK DEPARTMENT OF lADOR 49-49). Some of the' experimente have 4. Additional M/Ormatton, On April 10, been concluded, and other* am' *PB on- - 1974, information and data wen pre Occupational Safetyend going. Hie experimental result* reported vented to representative* of OSHA. were that tumors have boon obaarved in NIOSH end the KPA Jjy the industrial [KCnPirtllM] fDosIM On-**]- . VINYL CHUMUOC group* at --expoced to VC at con centrations as low ae 300 ppcu No tumors were observed in the group of animals expoaed to VC at a concentration of 00 ppm. It also appears that the total num Bto-Tsst laboratories, Nortbfasook. Ha noi*, ocnosmlng results of ex posure studies with VC, sponsored hy the Manufacturing Chemkte Assodatioo (MCA). Although only preliminary in ber of tumor*, a* wen aa the number* nature, them remits revealed that 3 out 1. Background. Vinyl chloride (chloro- of anglonmanm* of the Uver, decreased of 300 mice exposed to VC concentrations ethens) Chemical Abstracts Service a* the concentration* of VC were reduced cf 60 ppm for 7 boom a day, five days a Registry No. 78010, U * synthetic chemi to 300 ptxn. Another experiment'by J'ro- . week, for approximately 7 months, de- cal made by oxychlorination of ethylene femor Maltonl waa reported underway. velopsd aafetosamomas cf the Uver. at by bydxochlortnatiin qf'acetylene. it Involving the exposure of 300 animals ,, The industrial Bio-Test Lab data In la tha parent compound of a aerlee-of to VC at concentrations of SO ppm. hi dicate that exposum to VC at 00 ppm tbemoplasUc main polymen and co order to smem in a more definitive way may well constitute a serious health haa- polymer* which am widely wed for ocn- whether that level cf expoeum produces ard to employees. Also, the question of a tatnefs, wrapping film, electrical insula tumor* tn animal*. Data reported by safe level of expoeum for humans can tion, pipe, ooodult, and a varied of other Torkelsoo, Cyan and Rowe .(American not be determined at this time, and may product*. Vinyl chloride, ha* been made Industrial Hygiene Association J 23: 204- continue as a matter far scientific de commercially In tbla country tlnoe 199V 301 (1941)) Indicate that exposure to liberation for many years, Wg therefore and present production la' In rrceea of VC at ConomtraPona of 00 ppm failed to conclude that It Is now necessary to pro- eeven button pound* per year. induce tuinor* In rate, hamster*, rabbits, pom to change the SO ppm laveTestah- Vinyl chloride (VC) la a'gas at am and dogs. Ushed to the ETB to as low a level ss can bient temperature and mnun and la & The employee* of the B. F. Goodrich' be detected uring methodologies outlined chlorinated hydrocarbon which ha* Chemical Company who died from angte- in this proposal. moderate ltrer toxicity. The pterion* .rrvnm of the 11vcT bad an average ex . (0) Tha proposed permanent ttandard. standard a*t a celling value of S00 parte posure of approximately 19 yean to vinyl The requirement* for a complete stand per million (ppm) (99 CFR1910.93. Table .MrtHiU, *t unknown concentrations, ard under section 0(b) cf tha Occupa 0-1). `t On January 13,1974, the Occupational Safety and HOalth- Adminktration (OSHA) waa Informed by the National Institute for Oooupaticnal Safety end Health (ltXOSH) that the B. Good rich chemical Company reported that deaths cf several of. It* etaptayem from a Tam Uver canoer (angMumeamk) may have been oonawPenally related. A* a remit of thle notification and after coo- sultatlon with the National Institute for and variable exposures to other volatile chemical*. (TR 93). Some employees of Union CarUde, Firestone Tire and Rub ber, and Goodyear wem ako reported in post-hearing comment* to have h*d exj postura to vinyl chloride and to have died from.anytommAm* of the Uver. Finally, autopsies of four deceased employee* re vealed ..their Uver angiosarcoma tumors wsre histologically Indktingukhahle from ths angtomreema turnon obssrved In Frofsssor Mattoni's experimental tional Safety and Health Act of 1970 am much more comprehensive than the provision* cf the ITS promulgated on' April 0. The following proposals am re- sponsha to the additional information on the carcinogenicity of'VC. and the requirements of the Act A. Level of exposure. The proposed standard for employee exposum is set at no detectable level, as determined by a sampling *q^ analytical method capable of detecting vinyl chloride at concentra tion* of 1 ppm with an accuracy of 1 Occupational Safety end - Health (NICHED, and a joint, inspection of the plant by OSHA, NIOSH, and the Keutufcky Department of Labor, a fact-find ing hearing on poarihie hemrde BntRvsd with the manufactum and Oae of VC was announced mi January 90r 19T4 09 PR 8874) end held on MkmkyU; 1974. 3. Carcinogenicity of VC. ihfanaatton produoed at thle bearing demonstrated that, exposure of laboratory animal* (mostly Bpragw-Dawiey rate) to VC by inhalation at and below the then,current OSHA standard of MO ppm` Induced tumors, tndndmr aneloeamomee of the Uver. Prafaeaor Ceeare Maltoul, of the institute dl Onoologla, Bologna, Italy, reported on a aeries of experiments on the effect of exposure of rate, uOee, and hamster* to VC at concentration* of 10,000; 9,000; SJOO; 000; 300; and 00 ppm for varying parted* of Pme (TR- 3. The Xnwrgency Temporary stand ard. On the bask of all Information available at that time, and the fact that employes* wem being exposed at level* around the experimentally obaarved ef fect level of 300 ppm, an Bmsrsmey Temporary Standard (XT8) waa promul gated on April 0, 1974 (39.FR 13343) a* 39 CVR 1910.930. Tide standard reduced the level from a celling of 900 ppm to 80 ppm eetUng. It waa expmmly recognteed that tfiJs-staridanl limiting sxpoauias to. a 00 ppm total waa Intended to be a tmtattve, totorim standard, to be to effect ho longer than six months, during which turn the whole question cf possible safe exposure.to VC would be rooouridered more fully and tn the light of mom in formation. especially results of experi ment* which weds known to be under way at that Ume. ppm50 percent Although mom sensi tive methods may be available now or tn the future, the methodological senslttvfty proposed appear* to be the most feasible. and generally available. A. method of ^ min sensitivity has been recommended to OSHA by NIOSH. To minimise the number of persons at risk, a require ment would be established for regulating areas where vinyl chloride is manufac tured, reacted, stored, handled. released, repackaged, or used, tncmrtmg opera tions with polyvinyl chloride containing detectable levels of vinyl chloride. Access to the area# would be limited to author ised employee*. . B. Monttorbia. A program of monitor ing would be required to- establish whether there are detectable levels tn refulated area* and to permit determina tion of employee exposures on *n In dividual bask. Provision would also be nessAL Hmsrm, vot. *f, no. n--reway, may to, im GENC 014876 rtorosco mass 16897 msde tor an opportunity to obeerve record to an employee's physician on the (5) "Decontamination" means reduc monitoring by employms or their desig employee's request. Establishments con tion of vinyl' chloride concentrations to nated Hjpiueuutatlvm. aa requiredJ>y Mo ducting VC operations would be required Inn than detectable levels. tion 8(c) (3) oTtho Act. to Identify themselves to OSHA, and to (6) "Detectable level" means an air C. Control method*. Where detectable ' report incidents (accidents) resulting fa borne concentration of vinyl chloride levela of VC an monitored, two pro- the release of Vinyl chloride. .measurable by a sampling and analytical inna would be tilttered; an engineer Accordingly, pursuant to sections 8(b), 'method capable of measuring concentra ing and work practice program to reduce (c>, and 8(0 of the Occupational tions of 1 ppm, with an accuracy of 1 levela below detectability; and while this Safety and Health Act of 1070 (84 Stat ppmdrSO percent. la on-going, a respiratory protection pro 1SS3,1506.1509; 39 UjB.C, 685.657), Sec (7) "Director" means the Director, Na gram for employees in the regulated area. retary of labor's Order No. 13-71 (38 FR; tional Institute for Occupational Safety Engineering controls and work prac 8754) and 39 cm Part 1911, it is here and Health, or any person directed by tices are favored methods of compliance by proposed to amend 30 CPU Fart 1910 him or the Secretary of Health, Educa because they tend to avoid contamina by revising 11910J3q aa set forth below. tion, and Welfare to act for the Director,1 tion of the ambient air in the workplace. Written data, views,' and arguments (8) "Emergency" means an unforeeen Accordingly, it Is proposed to require the concerning the proposals may be mailed circumstance or set of circumstances, re institution of engineering control* and to the Docket Officer, Docket OSH-35, sulting fa the release of vinyl chloride ofworkpracUce methods as soon as feast* Room 330.1730 M Street, N.W., Occupa Into areas occupied by employees. ' bfeand to require the use of respirators tional Safety and Health Administra (9) "Exposure" means actual contact pending the Institution of such oontrols, tion, Washington, D.C. 30310, post with vinyl chloride when unprotected by to supplement such oontrols where they marked not later than June 10,1974, required personal protective equipment am ftuufflelont to reduce ocnoentratlons Pursuant to 30 CPR 1011.11 (b> and and clothing, of vinyl chloride below the detectable (c>, interested persons may file objec (10) "Fabricated product" means a level* fa specified work situations, and tions to the proposals, requesting an in finished product or part of such product, fa cases of emergency. The proposal for formal 'hearing with respect thereto, In made of polyvinyl chloride, entirely or In continuous flow and pressure demand accordance with the following condi part. Including semifinished products types off respirators is based on the reo- tions: such as film, sheet, block, bar, or extru ommeadaCcng of NIOSH, which has ob (1) The objections must include the sion stock. ,. served leakage through chrtnloal car name and address of the objector; (11) "OSHA Area Director" means the tridge Aspirator* at high concentrations (3) The objections must be post Director for the Occupational Safety and of VC; marked on or before June 10,1074; Health Administration Area Office hav A requirement would also be .estab lished' for the provision and use of pro tective clothing for employees In the reg ulated areas/ The protective clothing would minimise skin contact with- VC vapor, and would provide some measure of protection from splash ot liquid In the event of a.spill ot rupture of equip ment,* Wood; beverages, and like products would be prohibited in the'regulated area. . Written operational and emergency plang would be required, along with em ployee training fa routine and emergency duties. Specific requirements Would be established for emergency actions and for mutfae maintenance and decontami nation operations. Including vessel entry. Which are known to present particular (3) The objections must specify the ing Jurisdiction over the geographic area provisions of the proposed rule to which In which the establishment is located. objection Is taken, and must state the (13) "Polyvinyl chloride" means poly grounds therefor; vinyl chloride homopolymer of copol (4) Each objection must be separately ymer before such Is converted to a fab stated and numbered; and ricated product. (5) The objections must be accom (13) "Protective clothing" nwtm panied by a summary of the evidoice clothing protective against vinyl chlo- proposed to be adduced at the requested . ride. hearing. . (14) "Vinyl chloride" means vinyl As revised, i 1910.93q would read as chloride monomer.' follows: (15) "Waste resin" means any resin S 1910.93q Vinyl Chloride. or .other reaction products removed In the cleaning at equipment, such as ves- (a) Scope and application. (1) This piping* section applies to any area Or operation (c) Reference, College of American fa which vinyl chloride (chloroethene), Pathologists, 330 N. Michigan Ave., Chi Chemical Abstracts Service Registry No. cago, Illinois 80801. 75015, is manufactured, reacted, re (4) Regulated areas. (1) A'regulated leased. repackaged, stored, or used,, in area shall be established where (D vinyl The purposes of operational and emer gency plans and training are to apprise employees of the haktods to which they may tg exposed, of the precautions they must, fake to avoid such hazard*, and to reheafae.employees In the procedures they must follow In emergencies. D. Medical surveillance. Comprehen sive requirements for employee medical examinations are proposed, Including necessary tests. Borne additional guid ance la included for the convenience of physicians. The proposed requirement* have been recommended to OSHA by faOSH as reasonably appropriate to de tect User dysfunction which may be In dicative of,, or predisposing to, the de velopment of Uver angiosarcomas. B. Record* and report*. Records of monitoring, medical examinations, and cluding areas and operations Involving polyvinyl' chloride Where detectable levels ofvinyl chloride .are released., (3) This section does not apply to the handling or use of fabricated products made entirely or fa part' of petyrtfiyl chloride. ' (b) Definitions. (1) "Assistant Secre tary" means the Assistant leerotary of Labor tor Occupational - Safety and Health, VM. Deportment ot Efcbor or his designee. (3) "Authorised employee" means an employee Whose duties require him to be In the regulated area and who has tom specifically' assigned by the employer; and any employee who entea. such an area as a designated lupmauirtotlru of employed* to exercise an opportunity to observe monitoring and- moaniing of vinyl chloride. chloride Is manufactured, reacted, re leased, repackaged, stored, or used; or (U) polyvinyl chloride capable of re leasing detectable levels at vinyl chlo ride la manufactured, reacted, released, repackaged, stored, or need. (3) Access to regulated areas shall be limited to authorised employee. - (3) A dally roster of employees enter ing regulated areas shall be made and maintained. Tbs rosters, or summaries thereof, shall be kept for at least 30 - years. (e) Monitoring. (1) Every regulated area shall be monitored for detectable levels of vinyl chloride. (3) The monitoring shall assure that any exposure may be determined for each authorised employee with a confi dence level of 95 percent. entry .to regulated areas are proposed, (3) "Closed container" means any (3) ftnployees or their designated rep with provision for access by appropriate container which prevents tha release of resentatives shall be afforded an oppor OSHA and NIOSH officials. Specific pro visions for employee access to monitoring vinyl chloride to the environment. (4) "Contaminated" ntttas capable tunity to observe monitoring end measur ing required by this paragraph. records are Included, as well as the re of releasing a detectable level of -vinyl (1) Where exercise of an opportunity quirement Jo furnish a copy of a medical chloride. requires entry to an area where the use NO. 83--Pt. I-------10 TOHAL IST1, VOL, 3V, NO. n--(SISAT, liaAY 19, 1V?4 GENC GM877 1 1*8*8 Morons awe of protect!** eMthlng, equipment, fo- (3) There shell be tests made for _ (J) Sraergeecp shnstioasL (1) A writ enroy or iaiswImas Ja required, snob process or equipment leeks end toe emis ten operational. plan far oletking, emlpmmt, ferHIttes. and pro- sion of vinyl chloride which may remit slhiations shall, ha developed for oedtoa* shall be provided to.aR persons from workprecteaee. Tho frequency of regulated area. entitled to crawls* lb* oppnrtnnlI.y. at ao them tests siteR be such as to insure the (3) Ja the event of an enwriiouu , sp- odto any. of them. integrity of equipment sed adherence to propriai# poctlana of the plan shall be Bkmi wnWiif tb* opportu pui tato ojiriygn, nity shall be tnstraoted regarohg: <g) Respiratory protection. (1) A res . (D TTessrdoMe paroltonne created by (A) Hu toxicity and jwbneni of piratory protection pregnpn In accord tbs mwianurr Ail bi AnbAed ud Ytpjl Cbk>rk)i; MM| ance with! 1810-134 shall be eetaUUMd . the efleetod area shall be decontami <B> Theprotectee* step* and measures and implemented whare reap!rates1* aro nated pitar to the rasumpdan of normal r t:iwry (or theh-pmtecttoo. required to be used by this miction. eperatkam: (HD Obmnwm shafl be permitted, <2) Respirators.shall be used only In (ID Special martins! surveillance hy a wtttxmt tntei hriei to to* patacas per- cases of emergency and where required physician shall be Inattorted within 34- formlng tbe motftoring end meararing, by say other provision of this section. houra for' aaoplqyem present in toe af to: Respirators may not be used In lieu of fected area at too ttme of the eaaefgmtcy. (A) Oterw all dee sad procedures related to the ooUeettog, pwomslng. end rvalusttea of partidBr mmtooring and vrnurnmmXtwSm . faslhie engineering controls or- workpractice methods. (3) Respirator's or combinations of respirators for protection against vinyl . dll) Where ad employee has a known ooatact with liquid vinyl chloride such employee shall be required to shower as soea as. poedbte, aolem omtoalndlrotod (B) Record quantities end results obtained; <C) Observe tbeecndltlnn of monitor ing aral measuring equipment; chloride shall be selected from among the foBowing: (D A positive pleasure full facepiece seif-contained breathing apparatus; (ID A pressure-demand full facepiece by physical inhales. (lv) An incident report on tlm cer- genqr shall be reported aa required in paragraph (0(3) of this sectloo. (3) Each mrthoriand employee ahell (D) Reoelvs a. djpwnstrattnn of tbe sett-contained breathing apparatus op be- trained In a program relating to the tTilftfttffT mi twtv of tbe erating in the pressure-demand mode; hasards of vtoyl etoorlde and the pre- monitoring and nttaiurlng aougunent petfoonedonsite; and (UD A oombfnwtieu type "C" preaauredemand full faceptoco respirator oper cauttofislor safe use. (i) The program shall include; (X) Eremin* inatoucUooa and documeate retated to tbe piooedaiea end sqWpmrot for monitoring and meanTy ing. <t) Accurate and complete records of all required mosritaricg shell bo mode and maintained for not leu ttTM 30 years. 8ueh a reoofd mall U) state the data of meh monitoring mid the levels dstwmined; and (HI tdontlfy the Instru ments end methods used.- (f) Ksptoeeriag controls' and. tsork- Vractice method*. a) where detectable levels of vinyl chloride era tbeMured, Immediate protection shall be provided egalnat exposure to vinyl chloride by the use of engineering controls, workpractece methods, andibspmtorea* follow*: (1) Feasible sagtoeerihg and workpractioemethoto shaH tmmeqiatelj bo wed to redoto airborne riwinentn tkma of vinyl chloride brio* the detectabl* level; (ID Wherever feasible engineer** controls and ` mrthnrtn wblsh can be instlttited-liaiiiad3atef*nMi not sufficient to reduce ooaoealnifcate of vinyl chloride below the detectable level, they shall nnaethelese bo need to reduce the coocmitxuttoii* to the lowest pgae- Ucable level, and dsfl bo eumdgmesitod by mean# of rewdretors in OodOfasmce with paragraph. (g>,, of this stotkm; instituted tnriijtttWy, IttmiSate- too* Piratmy protmttda. shall bo provided fa ating in tbe roressare-dcnauid mode and (A) The nature of the Are haaerd, and a prossuro-deniand self-contained breathing apparatus operating in the pressuretetauiand mode; or - (IV) A combination-type "C" continuous flow respirator' and a ptessuredsmsiw* self-contained. breathing ap paratus operating tu the promure-de-' mand mode. (h). Protective clothtnp. ill Employees entering'regulated areas shall be pro vided'fun-body protective clothing, foot wear or shoo covorn, aud gloves, at ru> cost to them, and required to wear It - the necessary protective steps; (B) The nature of the toxic hazard, Including local and systemic effects, acute and rhronln effectn inclndlng spedflcaHy the carcinogenic haxard; (O The tpedflo nature'of which could resalt id exposure to vinyl chtoddA and neeamary protective steps; (D) The purpose for and application of the medical surveillance program;' 'B> The purpose lor and application of decontamination practices; (F) The purpose for and slgniflc mci. ot emergency practices ,i:.il procedures; while In the roguloted area, - (2) Whare polyvinyl chloride powder containing detectable levels of vinyl (0) The emptoyee'aapedflc role under normal operating or emergency condi tions; chloride is handled, employees shall (H) Specific information to aid the also be:' employee in recogritoon and evaluation (1) Provided and required to wear of conditions and attuahons which may beadoowerings; result'ln the release of vinyl chloride; (HI Required to remove ah protective (1) The purpose for and application clothing at each exit from the regulated of speettle Srpt aid procedures and prac area: and tices; (111) Required to shower after the lost exit of the day. - (J) A review of this standard at the employee's first training and Indoctri -(3) Clean protective clutblng .thall be provided whenever contaminated or soiled, but not less frequently than weekly. Contaminated clothing shah be decontaminated before reuse hy removal for laundering or disposal. (D .Hygiene facilities <td practices. (1) Where employees are required by nation program and annually thereafter. *11) AH materials relating to the pro gram shall be provided upon request to authorised representatives of the Assist ant Secretary and the Director. Oc) -S(pns oivf label*. <l) Entranoeo to -regulated areas shall be posted with tigns bearing the legend; this section to wear, protective clothing and equipment, change rooms shall CAJgaat-gtxapnCT agent aria AUTHOK1ZKD KBSOKNEL ONLY' accordance with paragraph fg) of this be. provided In accordance with (2) Areas oentelnlwg operations cov section: sad I lSllUIUej. ered in paragraph <k) (1) (4) of this sec <tv) In any case covered by paragraph (f)(1) m> or <m of fate motion. the (2) Where employeeo si c required by tbta section to shower, shower facilities tion shall be posted with signs bearing the legend: employer shall also mdertake aa soon as shall be provided izt acoordnnce -ddr OANcxp-sueencs' agxht in w *rvs practicable a program to reduoe airborne I.U1UI1 (d)(3). FULL lUPXHVIOUS STU-HUPPUIUK1B- oonoentrattooa of vinyl dribrfd* below - (3) Storage or ooonumptlou of food the detectable lord, or to Use greatest or beverages, storage or ~iao of tmcMae UXNT BJOmtCXD AUTHCWJ2ZO BgaOONnZ. ONLY extant femdhle, oolaly by means ofebgl- or non-food ri>et7ing producte, and tbe (3"> Coutrtnera of waste,oc other ma neortngoonteria and wertpreotteehmth-. storage or appbrabon of cosmetics are terial^ cmttrurinated with vinyl chloride prohibited In regulated areas. - shall bo lahefad: NMIAl Momet, VOL JV, N-O. VI--ilAv 'V, 1 Y>* GENC 01A878 J<4 V* PROPOSED RULES 16899 / .__ VBTTL OHLOUBIlDTBlBOlOil.SITAMINATBD aAHOKB-BUBfsxre aoeht Disroex or on dsoontahutatb xretNO AUTHORIZED FMUCPOBS (II) When veesels are to be entered, all piping to sooh reesel shall be: (A) Opened, Wanked and tagged; or (B) Where welded piping to in use, not lees than a vslvee in series, which isolate <i) Alcohol intake; (U) Past history of hepatitis; (HI) Fast exposure to potential towpeo- _ tototfo agentg, Including diute shdA chemicals; . (4) Container* of polyvinyl chloride the vessel from any other ocnnsctlan to (lv> Fast history of blood- transfu eoalalninf detectable level* of vinyl such line, must to closed and secured. lions; and . chloride shall b# tobeled: (III) No employes shall enter a vessel, (v) Fast history of hospitalisations. POLYVtNTL OHLOlUDt contains vinyl chloride VIN II< CHLORIDE S3 A OANOKft-suBFBcrr agent except when another employee properly (3) At the time of initial amptoyment. trained and equipped for entry to pres or upon institution of screening, a serum ent and to observing the employee in the specimen shell be obtained for screening vessel. The observer shall have means with respect to the following Mo-chemi ABfiOBBID BT BREATHING AND for signalling for help in the event the cal determinations of liver function: through skin \ (5) cratalners of vinyl chloride shall to totaled: VINYL CHLORIDE DANGER EXTREMELY flammable gab UNDER FREBBURE MAY POLYMERIZE WITH EXPLOSIVE FORCE ' employee experiences problems. Under such conditions, the observer shall sig nal for help, and shall not enter to assist the employee until another, person to present to observe. (m) Transportation loading and un loading. (1) Faculties for the .loading and unloading of vinyl chloride to and from containers shall have each transfer (I) Total bilirubin; (II) Alkaline phosphatase; (ill) Serum glutamic oxaiacetic trans aminase (SOOT); . (lv) Serum glutamic pyruvic tram-: azqlnaae (SOFT); and (v) Gamma glustamyl tranapepUdaae (OOTP). (4) Additional tests that may option POISON line and vapor-equalizing lino equipped ally be considered for use in screening - CANCER aUSPEOT AGENT AND . with rent connections, and shall have include; ANESTHKTIO _ an inert gas purging system. Vent and (1) Lactic dehydroeenase; ' ABSORBED BY BREATHING AND THROUGH SKIN purge effluent shall be returned to a proc ess stream or flared In a safe location. (ID Serum protein determinations; (III) Serum protein electrophoresis; (6) No statement shall appear on or, (3)' Procedures shall be developed and and near any required sign, label or Instruc Implemented for the transfer of vinyl (iv) Platelet count. tion, which contradicts or detracts from chloride. Written copies of such proce (5) Laboratory analyses for all biologi the effect of any required warning, in dures shall be provided employees en cal specimens included in medical exam formation or Instruction. gaged in such operations, and such em inations shall be performed in labora (1) Maintenance and decontamina ployees shall be fully trained and re tories accredited by the {foliage of tion. (i) Emphasis shall be placed upon hearsed In aU procedures. , American PathWogtots or licensed under Immediate clean up of spills, periodic In (3) Employees engaged In transfer op spection. prompt repair of equipment and erations shall be provided witfi and leaks, and proper handling, storage and required to wear respirators in accord disposal or decontamination of materials ance with paragraph (g) of this section. to prevent airborne contamination and accidental skin contact with vinyl chlo ride. Waste materials, equipment, and other sources of vinyl chloride In closed containers, may not be placed In areas of excessive temperature or sunlight since (n) Polymer handling operations. (1) Containers of polyvinyl chloride releas ing detectable levels of vinyl chloride shall be opened and transferred only under local exhaust ventilation which reduces the concentration at vinyl chlo build-up of Internal pressure may result in rupture of the container, fire or explorion. (2) Waste resins or other materials contaminated with vinyl chloride shall be placed in closed containers pending dis posal or decontamination. (3) Appropriate procedures shall be developed and Implemented for the de contamination or disposal of all such waste material. <4) In maintenance or repair opera tions on contaminated--systems or equipment, including vessel entry, em ployees engaged in such operations shall be (1) provided with and required to wear and use a whole-body air-supplied suit Impervious to vinyl chloride, and a respirator in accordance with paragraph (g) of this, section; and (11) required to shower after removing protective equip ment. . ride below the detectable level. (3) Hot operations, such as but not limited to milling, calendering And ex truding, which release detectable levels of vinyl chloride, shall be canted on only under local exhaust ventilation which reduces the concentration of Vinyl chloride below the detectable level. (o) Medical turveillance. Not later than ---------------- - -197f, a program of medical surveillance shall be insti tuted, and shall provide each authorised employee with an opportunity for ex aminations In accordance with this para graph. All medical examinations and procedures shall to performed by or under the supervision of a licensed Doctor of. Medicine (MD> or Doctor of Osteopathy (DO). All medical examina tions and tests shall be provided without ccit to the employee. (5) Protective clothing and equipment' . (1) At the time of initial employment, shall be clean and dry for each use. or upon Institution of screening, a physi (6) When veesels or piping systems are cal examination shall be performed with opened local exhaust ventilation shall be specific attention to detecting enlarge provided, to remove the escaping vapor ment of liver, or spleen by abdominal from all occupied areas. palpation. 43 CFR Part 74< ' (A) If the results of screening required In paragraph (o) (3) of this section are normal, screening shall be repeated: (1) Every six months for employees who have been employed in vinyl chlo ride related operations for 10 yean or more; and (U) Annually for all other emplol;yeeE^to entering (7) If regulated aresa. one or more liver function testi^^ performed are abnormal, serum testing haii be repeated as soon aa possible, preferably within two to tour weeks. If no abnormalities are present upon re- screening, serum testing shall to re peated In three months. (8) If abnormalities persist upon re screening, the employee shall to with drawn from areas where contact with vinyl chloride to possible, end aa todfvid- ualtoed medical workshop shall to.in stituted. Suggested as initial steps are a complete physical examination and vari ous special procedures such as hepatitis B antigen determination and Uver scan ning. If Hver function abnormalities are determined to he unrelated to liver dis ease, the employee may be permitted to return to vinyl chloride-related employ ment. subject to .individual medical evaluation. (9) A complete and accurate record of the results of medical examinations shall be made and maintained for the dura tion of employment plus five years, or for 30 years, whichever to longer. (p) Recorde. (l) Records of monitor (7) (1) Vessels to be entered shall first (3) At the time of initial employment be ventilated and monitored so that the concentration of vinyl chloride is reduced ' or upon institution of screening, and an nually thereafter, a medical history checklist shall be completed by the em to a level within the protection factor ployee. 17118 list shall include questions ing and measuring, medical records, and regulated area entry rosters and sum maries, shall be made available for ex amination and copying upon request to authorized representatives of the Asrist- capability of the protective equipment. concerning: ant Secretary and the Director. ROSHAL MOW!*, VOL 3, NO. S3--RIOAY, MAY 10, 1974 GENC 01487? 1CU0 PROPOSED RULES lar the prescribed period, these reoords Signed at Washington. D.C. this dth hii be transmitted tar registered mail day of May. U74. ee the Director, and each emptayee indi Jems Bnsiia. vidually notified in wrtttng of this AubtaKt Secretary o/ Labor. (3) kmjilnyem and their designated . m maiiilailun shall be prodded access to utamine and copy neonta of Monitor^ tag and uiaaaailng. <4) Former employees shall be proTided acees to examine and copy records reflecting their own exposures. tt) Upim witUon legnoet of eng em ployee, a copy of the medical record of each employee shall be furnished bo a pra mxv.'n-iona ra*d s-e--rv*:ta on; physician designated by the employee In suchToquosf. (q> ReporU. (1) Not later than -------the following Information shall be reported to the OSHA Area Director. Any change in such information shaH be reported to the 08HA Area Director within 1i days of mch change. . (1) The s iidrim and location of each establishment which has one or more regulated areas; and <fl) The number of employees tn each regulated area duringnormal operations. (2) incidents which result hr the re lease of Ttnyi chloride into any area where employees may be exposed shall be reported in accordance with this para graph. <1) A report of the occurrence of the inddent and the facts obtainable at that thne including a report on any medical treatment of affected employees aboil be made within 24 bourn to the OSHA Area Director, (11) A written report shall'be filed with the OOHA Aiwa Dimeter within 15 calendar days thereafter and shall in clude; (A) A specification of the amount of material released; CBJ a description of the area insulted and the extent of known and potential employee exposure sod axes effected; <C)-A report on any anedloal treat ment of afleeted omphyaea. and say medical swrmlhaaee program Imple mented; and (D) An analysis of the drcuiuatancsB of the taetdeni. and measures token or to be taken, with specific oompteUon dates, to aaotd further muffler rtljwaes. (2) Upon eomplettonof any monltoitog and maaaurtUR which (Haclosat that any mupiwiwo has actually bean exposed to detectable towels of Tlnyl chloride, each such emptoowe shag be UjdlTlduallynottfied In witting, The notice gka&: (D Be dtOrered not later than 10 wotting daps after oompteUon of the filODltOllnf odno|}|; . (11) State the actual mpoour* in terms of eoaemrixafton smd tfcae; and (ill) Stale the steps which base been taken, siw being token, and win be taken, with specific completion dates, totonnl- jwte thoexpoemw and preveeta recur rence. MIM aaeiSTM. VOL tw, NO. m--*maAT, MAT la. tfN GENC 014S80