Document RpdwdzxVZxe1QmEjYjwjVoqDB

LIA23204 LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION, In c . 3*1 HADIION AVINUI NtW YORK, N, Y. 1001? TtLK AMO NI -- AH LA COOK Ilf OR I January 20, 1965 SUBJECT; SUPPLEMENT TO CERAMIC d at a bo o k To Meobers of ths Lead Industries Association, Ino.t A press release on the latest supplement to LEAD IN THE CERAMIC INDUSTRIES, along with a copy of the supplement, is enclosed. Bitltled Use of Lead in Solder Classes", thiu supplement explains the new deritrifyirg solder glasses and the role lead plays in their development and application. ' This suppleoent has been nailed to the 7,000 persons who now possess a copy of LEAD IN THE CIRAKIC D;DUSTRIES for insertion in the binder, and single copies will bo distributed in response to requests generated by the enclosed release and by publicity in Lead Magazine. Information used to prepare the supplement was supplied by the Coming Class Vorks, or was gathered frea patent literature, and the staff written article was reviewed by the Ceramics Technical Conalttee prior to publication. We feel that the suppleoent will be a useful addition to the ceramic data book while at the sane tine eerving as a good promotional piece f: " b7 keeping the subject of lead before members of the ceramic industry. V: Very truly yours, ' tS': /a a t Jerome P. Smith JFS:df Enclosures LIA23205 W^sWPIM A#***1 o NEWS From Lead Industries Association, Inc Bcsub-ur 292 Modison Aronv* LookAh--dwtthlMd n w York, N. Y. 10017-OR 9-6020 RIUASIi Immediate (1/20/65) LIA Wi (12, 16) Fwthw InformaHorn Jerome P. Salih SUPFLEMEJfT CUT CM SOLDER CUSS SEA.LUO " 0 i : A new 4--page. lupplnMnt io LEAD IN Tfffi CKAKIC INIMSITUI*., Lhe ceramic data book publiabed by the Lead Industrie* Association, Inc*, baa Just been released. Stable and deritrlfying solder glasses -- both high and low tee* perature -- are discussed froa the standpoint of composition differences and sealing characteristics. Advantages and liaitatiwia, selecting the proper glass, and completion of the seal are also explained. Three tables and two curves give a variety of typical compositions, electrical properties, expansion characteristics and permissible mismatch data. Intended as a general primer for those wishing to learn noro on the subject, this piece supplements an existing section on solder glass and other glasses found in Section Four of LEAD IK THE CERAMIC INDUSTRIES. Both the supplement and the bock are available without charge froa the Lead Industries Association, Ir.c., 292 Kadison Avenus, IJew Tork City 10017. TO THE EDITORt If you wish, you may have additional copies of this supple ment, or, if you have not yet received one, you are welcome to a copy of the ceramic data book, LEAD IK THE CERAMIC INDUSTRIES -- Just let us knew you'd like one. ' h"i ^ t69l-0t LIA23206 ' i-fc *.*.* SECTION 4 fu Pnri F~ o < z 2 A e t < sox rM * c V* Z J } i a / u> 2 i t D o USE OF LEAD IN SOLDER GLASSES* I hfc are at prrH-ni t goneraI i\jw if x4shr glass the ihcMw*plaxtK \* stable ivpc. ansi the necf tlH-rnM*Miitng or devtirtfvmg t\ jv IN.- Liter mate rials tfK Lh h k v I j Ij and iVn tomrrtcsl i* vrvslaMirv idc'tfrihv*\fi ertamoss by subsequent beat Meatmen!. WHY LEAD tS USED t plays *jn mp.rtant rv4e in KmH i\|\v W glass. Ihis i\ hcvau^ solder glasses containing Life an*nintv W lead ovtdc have a km sWlening tem perature. fssj ckvtfR'al prf\*ilH*v. aivd l*bO has a minimum erttvt ik i thermal evpans*n In aJJiitsin. Uad htlps t mj<nijin pKl durahiliiv *f (be (lavs swiefi relative to tMhs-r km Irinjvraliire glasses. pa/- iKiiLifh in lbs* area t mh *Mimc resrsiafvc Of s*Hi(Ne. saber oviJos max he used in plasr W lead |. athlete km lemfvfatiiie glasses. but ! ofUr (Ik * same votlihlH'J halaiue of desirable I w in'ljtM'. all .dies nu\ lv Uh 'J ( vtfLn glasses. bill wink- s** J.'ing thev ter*l l fa*sc evpan\s*n. kmcf rkvlrisal rrsisiurve ami undermine ifurabilrtv. STABLE SOLDER CLASSES s.tnpK mh .s Ik iivujlv m i*k hvph leas! fe e >*n **f (he svur. I'HMKI \l() S4I (often K It t< soils s J /!(*. stable *4 ttvMu-splastVs s kt.-r pl.s*s.'s re ..Iso pi.On.t J fr.tp lht P?4> /-ill H U svstei'' s-h k Ih ih s With small olOt*ofrs s4 Sit Vv I jt'lc 4* S'uh glasses have Iveti uses! Is * . ImmKl 4 W.ts l> h-it> salMHiv gla's ansi gljss-Usmctal assemblies c g v.lh.de (j \ hitw sc*k*d beam hcjillamps. eh the ah-hiv (till vmjs tkv srv.*sit\t .1 is-mpvr alures av km as 4<u < . seal tr anspafeneA. ,<k ! the tat that "pr* h*ms" rsl\. slashers discs, vis max K* utilized with this !\pe of v.'kk.t (lass assure ils,toniinovs) trse f*r mam DEVlTRirYING SOLDER GLASSES I v pK alh. |Ik * ltH*fm*seUing *v dcsiUilvmp udder glasses .ire lr**m lbs* iwicitt H'O M O SiO . often with \1 O *l f'llO atlJilii'iiN. *f In4h fal-k 4 lists tbs- n>mjvK(|ito if several Jeviinlvmp plasH*s vilv*vl mi the p.itcnl lik-taltire v*veriMp v ik H vk*vek*p iiK'iits HfaaJK. ibess- pljsses may be H*paraU\J nl* In** sl.issilkati.His I (b.*M- k* temperatuie veal- mp I 17^ |.1 '(to < 1 vonljinmp 7( .V('< WaJ i\k Js*. aiul. 2 hiyher lemperaltue flassev i^UI (* 7(KI C'l v*olaMiiiif l*W). I Ik - ..ssisi.ruc if lb. H4*rr1 Oalt.*n artJ tMhers at the I Mining Iil.iss Weils. ( .rfmn/ Sc \>il. in the p<ep.1* of tho |\.prt is ptatefuMy askfKmWv'ped 375 TO 500*C DEVmurYING GLASSES A nuntmum *M 70*. WaJ inkle h mcJ m ihe%e pljssev io assure that thi-v uiU iw<4 he kv rcfrasir> Kmjphtv r ii*. hH) is |hc upper lunif hecauve lar|er armnint tunJJ tervJ in raise -the (law evpatv vi*wt civrtK'ienf K*v**fvi the useful point fw sealmp nu* terials Hh an evpansam v*f I*A )(| jxt l it k*ss /nO. fhe itfver imp*nanf (lass n*Jifvr in ihrs pr.Hip. is UsuatK kept m ttur ? ' 14*. range * I vco lbm(h l sksrs i*4 eirtrt *ne erwiallme phase, it serves ti asl|t<4 the w v m\Ui4Ws 1 *Jevitiihcath*n pr\es' < 'HKentraintn. ol /nO pfealvr than 14*. icfnl It* asvektate vkvnnfkatKsn iv rap*Jh in ihe prewnse **l 1*141. hile m anKMinis U*>s than 7* . JesitrifKat.f> .xvttfs t*s vkmh at tbs* proptanvsl "seiiinj.up" litiipvtaHire In vtnc eases h.mever. fcsilnrK.ton m.\ r*t K* eviensivc r*t ts it aUaw Jt*siab|e that H K* vom- pleu* Ihus, ib- ri*snhjni seal ru\ have a ratbs-r lape p'assv phass- .a matftv. In ihe b(h leavl vie si inis mp >*4kr plav^-s the vnstal phase n often a kaj Kt.tc .t htivsiluate an.1 the mains busWr IS a /in. ila.s With less fhait 7 . /t*,) it*- flass\ pt.ass- is l.s soft l.> pfoJlKc a slfsSlJ ths*1 mal 1C- sisla'H si jl ^M*.Hnts i4 II O pre.iter than !<'. unJ l ' It.aiv Pk p!as (4*0 slahk. lot,,kf`t>e t.4nijK>n the .n.ii ,!i \ .-V-s* In t ,- It <l rf., .-s Hi Uk K ait i o fluv. ansi soiKvo'tal-.-iis Ltj-t ),.vv s** that the ssalinf glass *il| n.a K f.x* soM.^ivc V' .j af a*>r'>ina ate askkvl in aHwiinU | |> p* as mhthn.Tv of levHrifualh r> ..n,| to mipfose res*tanee an1 s..fteno.- femps-faliifv-s TABL5 4-5 $lobl. Sold.r OI<i6t.s Using L.oH no 10. M H), HO. uo lrinil)l JmIm| To t . ! IP w BP r W` too uo ITS no 71.1 47 71 10J 10J m 114 114 1121 404 1.5 0.511 11 M 111 14 2.1 M 11 11 114 104 14 0.5-10 W'C wc $79 C 440'C S N 1691.02 SECTION 4 FA4I Ut LIA23207 TABU 4-4 D* vitrifyl/*g Sol<f*t Crict*i tiling L*od no 1.0, 2tb M, CaQ HA, Mnciuti SmW W r r ' if p w w .. m 774 H4 774 715 174 U 74 U (4 104 U 1U U4 101 104 104 1U 114 K4 (U 24 IS 24 21 24 1U 114 uIS 14 24 U j 5* C <50 C OO C 4'C 4SCC TM'C ttl`C NJimv .! w(vt nvvl.tms i'u\ K- -rul hj,r Kxn ..iJ l. ch, c ipttnurtU tn pl-KT iSc PHI jrul /MU !* ,hjiifv sliplill, Ihv w j I .lur... U'Ii'Ik a >JSr.hvt. .tIcn.-lh c\p.n...vi ov-lli.Aciit. .K jrtpilmj vrjltrf uin|vf^ltllir\. 500 TO 700*C DCVlTRirYING GLASSES 11.-.- c '-.'-.-' j i.* t>.n.hL-t..h\ n..v, f\ ihjn *iv *:ipH lead fUxxev anJ * haf j^lvf h*ie |oer uv.'!u'nl' **i o -.ij j 'K k> thjn vi H pvf < i'i < * 1 \jmp!ex \ I a--! \ I! n 1 .iMe 4 *i are txpiiji of thix !pv of x*4,U-f p'axx Mcf`i *n /nit * -ei l.* a . 1k v ohen v.-ntjin l< to VO jnJ < to : PM>. .rv! seal il jf.*iirKf ?<* < A onjll aftnm'it ( uO ( ' t',, i *j h 1 to retard Jex tt ifualion and therein u n Jik c the JiftifcfKc m thermal e\panx*n K.t*ccf lh<- p!ax afwJ lexjtrrfied 'tale .*1 the vIJu plaxx loted in example Ml Martin and /iinaf ha\c >c1 h*lh the foJl%Mnf * iamags- it h ! ftaxxex *.*klcr ADVANTAGES 1. Clfcalef MplilX m hifh U mpetalufc apploc*! > | **f example, m waling i4*r l\ lace pafxU to ihf envelope. with Mh%e\piont cvhaUxt hake at oxer 4li0 (' 2. I*'*er expanw<*n |<f a p'nn waling lempofj* lure NVith xtahle xolJcf ptaxwv * lower eflectnc cxpjmu*n can *nlx he ohtairwJ at the vavfihvC ! mvfcascJ waling temperature* .V Siren chafoi trnxliex max he m*'Tc ilexifahlc. In vync inxiaiwcx. it i\ pi*\xiMc to maintain eomptv*"ion xtrcxxex fri'ftt Haling temperature down to nnnn temperature. 4 | if \ttr>M~x Hithin the h*k`t lhe is Jirfef* I'lll;.<1 i.ntrai.tKn hetviveft the xealinp plaxx arxj K*0s"x Krinf xejtexl. ' IVOUX Jlxpt.u'OtlKT! e.m xsur Jnnnf Cix*?Ulp v\ik` IXntf ftwnp 4,,V.-r f'a'XA-x jfe either %ei up Junnf the e*^' ,v.W r w.iitijs.ti.vn ijilix in the vtunjMip uy<. 'n -f often nK h 1*->x*,er. thus lilk't xir^xo. arc 1- '*iX. LIMITATIONS t Vr'Svunt iVn* t,*r wal fotnution ix - .HtiiVA* luij to H.on Sn.f itwrvj' fi{ the wa'.me temperaui.c will not help. \>fvc tVx UxUa'ix Hmpx jh.-ut faMiT dex litilk ati.Mi 2 (tl^M vllTkjl **ntro( Pteflannp u ii alj\> p.\'hle. ar\J here it ;v ih t In rurroH r.npe cxtxtx hr e*nfx*fin; 4. The xeaU are jliu opjquc txheTcj' nith xtaMe fL>vrx ihe> nu\ he ttanxpjrent SELECTING A SOLDER GLASS llv reoutfomcnH fiv a p>xl e4Jit glasx arc lei* hut to utr\(t . S-fii.no*- leo'pMjttirc well helow that x| ni- vlex anj 1iw enough n\H to at- te\i heat mnMii\e cimifmrKnlx A xrv.-*Mt W IP' to Hr pooex at Walm* lempetature tA`K.L M.ttm (xteep xivcoNitx lemfxralure etirxx-i An cxpanxH*n v*vtheient ax vhxe ax p>xxihle to |ty fhe*rriK)l> tvM x Iih * i within 2 * JO pet ( eonxnJcred a j ih w I malehl AcxepljMe Jurahility in vefuee fc I *T 5 | cex g s 5o z z n O $ z > < z 5 3m r z o V **** < LIA23208 ilf h i ** --~i mM mm .............. -w SECTION 4 EA3I Ut|M f1 io < Oza z Sv Z : t t i i i ii IVpcnJing UpsWl the application. Mbci pfOfVrtiex. %iK'h s a rcasonahlx p*kl electrical resistance, might he Hui with high kad this rrspufr* incut is it'Mjlh easilx met. 1 he electrical properties ,*< a i i:aJ-alumino-horxilicate thermoplastic x*4Jcr glax* ,,?e jiu'n in lahlc 4*7. Data *h > a 1 Icadallaln silicate) glass the stem glass nv'sl used fr lamps and radio tuKrs- arc gucn f*r comparison. TABLE 4-7 EWctrical Properties of a Solder Gloit Ui 1 4 250'C Lot 1 if 350'C Nw Factor* Dielectric Caratwt* TVnn* plnlic Sotkr Qui KM tit cam 1U Sta Ora 104 U 0.00 li u * Ro m hnptrihrt, 1 c. EXPANSION CONSIDERATIONS l*f,*NiMv iht single mM important characteristic ol a solder glass in its expansion cvthcicnt. Ihi> i\ the as crape specific ehir.gation per degree Centigrade tr.Mii O I*' hat ('. ti ix approximately Imcjf until the vir,m point in approached and then it swings uj>Hal J. IhiN iipH.dJ \wmg < **hcnd on iht1 expanshHi kiifu1 in ( v"*iNi*k*fahlc interest m scaling glass jp* ph*ali*tix because it i> here lh.it I he sir.im, anneal* mg ,mj setting tip points aft* loimd f i*r a soldcf glass this head will. **l course. occur at a lower tem perature than for the glass <v t.ihcr material to he vatod Ob\i*tisl\ then, a maUhing solder gl.i>s nitixf ha\o a lower c\panM.*n ovlliciont than the material t.i K* sealed in orJcr to base the Name contraction from setting-up point to rmm temperature. How much lower depend' on the setting-up point and on he shape of the solder glass curse. I 'pure I shows a plM of the specific elongation. - I. | . '`(Mis the temperature f*T a lead hofosilicalc solder plass and the wslalime glass commonly lin'd |tr radn* tube en\elopes Ihcsc curies arc *hlamcd h) c.-ohn^ tU' pS-skv at I C per rnimitc from %taic 4 e^udihnum aNn* the anntahnp fk*mt. and ant t)pcal lor two fta'ses whkh. Iof most Wah, HOtUd he csnsklcfed a fod match. Iherc u no unncrsal answer to the i^unUni W bow cUwe an expansion match is needed between a Milder (lass and the article to he sealed. Geometry <4 the article and the nature o( serskre expected miB he kiefnimin| factors, for an axerafe application, dif* fereners %H * 2 10 r pet C <Hild he considered (s h *J. and differences up t* l(t 10 per <' arc feasible. The permissible depjmire will increase ax one p*x-s to h*wcf lenijxtaltire fsoftett (lasses, since the seal then cools ihfisii(h a smaller leriipefatufe ranjtc alter wttinp up. fri(iirc - poo praphtc rep* resent^! hn f fkfmnsiHe mismatch ph'UeJ apainsl xetfinp temperature. It sh.ws ckaffi that cxpansi.xn n'atsh Can snK he ipmsted with xerx low tempera ture D.atefuls cp. sCahnp wax. etc. viscosmr c o n s id e r a t io n s \ iimvfiH' feature o< s**UVr plas>o is their h'w tens* fvraiufc flmdilx I h* tlimtiiv *r xiscisitx mvosarx to make *n\ pixen seal depends sn the tit K'lwo'n parts, the character the solder p'ass. anl the tuiw aXad.iMe t**r tfw ab With fv*hhed surfaces in intmute contact, seal* haxe K*en ntaJs' with \iNC.*>ito as hi(h as lu p`*so S4nk*tim.'s hiplvr llowexer. h ith a p-sf til f4*vjuifin( toniJcfabk* flow. \is c *s i* ties max hae t* K1 n ifw* ranpv of hi piis^-s r lower I he 11h rc f-.inf taupe. Jo to l<r |s im.% is the m.st ux-tul anJ peneralh resuhv in stronger seals. I he ankHint of del`*tmatii*n that wilt . cctir in pnvo being piim'd depemh *n se'eral factiKs; |. pemw*tr\ *f the piece. 2 tK' cxti-rnal |of*c'. ' nature of LIA23209 SECTION 4 fAM IMMT the uippm. 4 Ihe duialKwi 4 heatm*. ami 5. **Uef i-lass An a yenefat j u k Ic , *hofc ihc hole pnvc i' hcaed. ihc wlc upper limit iH he fr.m near the annealing pmnt to perhaps* 4lt ( N"t <icneralh. Ihc point of the udder fla \h.MiW he near Ihc annealing point of the article- If local heating used. higher ntelting s.*IJef flassc* can he eiuphncU. t. -SeJmc ilh Vldcr Gla%" hy Robert M. Dalu*. /4 merit un Jtmrn.il ! /'*< w. J*. 47** I l%4|. 2 -t\>nJtKi*nc S'U'c* Glass CompositnifiO IV h Paunt - '.<**0.32* J. "Sealing Glass.* l'. S Patent * J.0M.JJ3. 4. -Soil Glass and Composite Aitkk." L\ S. Paten* * 5 "Gla%%.tt*Ci1ass Seal 1. V Patent = 2.VM.I42. f "I m Mclnnp Glass V-Ini and Article Made Thereftiim," l . S Paicnt - ?.I27.2*X. 7. "IV'iinlvinf SJdcr Glasv'r.S Palm! - 2.M*.*2. t. ' I '.fcr:r.aV>> Sl.'Mtufijbk Glasses.- Hnth Patent * KM.kXt #. "Therm .Ms IVv.it ifubk Sealing Glass." l* S Patent - \ ., MJ. i.tisx>VV 10. -PnifctiiCN anJ .\ppluatmis of fVsitrifwng S4de Glasses hv f ijrwo U Marlin and I rani 7imr. irimi fl< Pr.n n d/.n the Sitth Stutp-ttimn *i th, iit * (H.tttM.i* tr.; ( t Ctv-Hl! C*-*-*4 &U w(t S*a4t r*n --4* 4Ailf.| im>4*t fltuti W * IfP* HI4 W ffiowf *! (lM tv IvUl AW *S MW l* rS pe'a< *tN iMh *fc l*(1ri(W itnanci <3 r8C- * Z O 2 ?o 8z > t$ z ? o S z < 8 ^hr