Document RpN7yeyD1v7O3ZKnYDpmMkd7k

Glass bonded mica carrier board that is a basic element in the Bel! System's revolutionary solid-state switching system. Tolerances are critical; flatness is maintained at 0.006 in. over an area of 6 in. by 12 in. New Telephone Development... A SOLID-STATE SWITCHING SYSTEM The Bell System has made many im portant changes and improvements in telephone equipment and service through the years and is constantly directing large-scale efforts toward future improvements. As a result of these continuing efforts, a basic Extreme accuracy is essential in the switching circuit assembly of the system. If the circuit board is not flat spurious signals will be transmitted. change of major significance is now in the making. Manual switchboards and electromechanical systems are on the way out. In their place will be a complex electronic switching system and memory unit that is expected to introduce new words to the language of telephony. Such terms as `'variable call transfer," "add-on conference," and "abbreviated dialing" will be commonplace. Heart of this revolutionary new telephone switching system is a leadglass bonded mica electrical insu lating carrier board. High dimension al stability--even under extremes of temperature and humidity--made the choice of glass bonded mica for this job a natural. Attesting to the critical nature of this choice are the exacting require ments of the Bell Telephone Labora tories for flat ess in .he part. No point on its (approximately 6 in. x 12 in.) surface may vary from any other measured point by more than 0.006 in.! (six thousandths of an inch). Reason for this is that Bell depends on the exact spacing to keep memorycard magnets in the switching gear a precise distance from one another. Jack Liker, Sales Manager for (Molecular Dielectrics, Inc., of Clifton, N.J., principal supplier of the glass --9-- LIA26A01 bonded mica carrier boards states: "No other material--either ceramic or plastic--could provide the dimen sional stability, non-leaching and non magnetic properties necessary to do this job reliably for an expected life of more than 25 years." Mr. Liker points out that the use of lead bearing glass to bond the muscovite (mica) particles in this board makes it impervious to mois ture -- a vital consideration where electrical breakdown is concerned. In addition, lead in the glass makes the boards more machinable--an impor tant plus since Bell Telephone Labora tories also set rigid requirements on machined surfaces. Called a ceramoplastic, lead glass bonded mica is made at Molecular Dielectrics by mixing leaded glass and mica, subjecting the mixture to high temperatures and pressures, and then transfer or compression molding the parts to precise custom specifica tion. Upon cooling, the material can be polished or machined to exact tolerances. Several hundred thousand of these glass bonded mica carrier boards will be needed per year by 1975. By the year 2000, it is expected that the en tire telephone switching svstem will be using these boards. FOUNDATION for PRECISION Lead asbestos anti-vibration pads aid a medical research laboratory Space probes flung hundreds of down to the last detail. The new build millions of miles from earth to gather ing is an extension of the original information have become a news 3-story laboratory which is also built storv commonplace. Just as the mind on lead-asbestos anti-vibration pads. boggles at these sallies into the enorm About 50 pads were installed in ousness of space it must also boggle the original laboratory and results at the infinitesimal smallness of the were so successful the owners decided particles now intensively studied in to use them again in the new build medical laboratories. ing--a total of 36 additional pads. The Research Building of the Re There is a subway about 400 ft. from tina Foundation in Boston is one of the site and pads are intended to pro these. Studies there require micro tect against that source of vibration. scopes so delicate that the vibration However, their main function is to caused by a subway 400 ft. distant isolate delicate laboratory instruments from the building threatens the pre of various kinds from disturbances cision of measurements being made. created bv motor traffic on two busy When the Research Building was flanking streets. erected, this disturbing vibration was Pads are from 30 in. to 48 in. quelled almost at the source with lead- square and are loaded to 500 psi. The asbestos anti-vibration pads. This structure is a concrete frame. One building, an advanced model of sci problem was the code requirement for ence building flexibility, owes the suc dowels tying the columns to the foot cess of its operation to the fact that ings and thereby passing through the its 175 ft. x 100 ft. floor areas have pads to prevent lateral movement. been boldly set forth as completely These dowels are potential "flanking open and adaptable spaces. paths" for vibration to pass through All utilities, which rise near one from footing into the building frame. side of the building, are distributed The difficulty was solved by simply overhead to any point, thereby leav setting the column piers into a 3 in. > ing the large floor area free of utility deep depression in the footing created walls customarily used in research to receive them. buildings. Smaller spaces may then Details show how this was done as be created at will and as easily well as a section of a typical 1 in. changed through the use of 2-in. thick pad as used on this project. thick movable metal partitions. Photos show installation of a pad and The finished project is a witness an elevation of the original labora to the close cooperation between tory which will be matched by the architect, engineer and research staff new addition to the south. LIA26A02 Architect: H. Peter Klein, Bed ford, MassdchuseMs Structural Engineers: Sepp Firnkas, Boston, Mass. General Contractors: VappI Constr. Co., Cambridge, Mass. Lead-Asbestos Vibration Pads by Rayproof, Stamford, Conn. Installing two of the pads that Iso late the laboratory from groundborne vibration. Cross section of e typical pad. How the pier floats on the pad and footing. THE TRUCK THAT FEEDS THE FURNAC It's ten o'clock in the morning at the gray iron foundry of Combustion Engineering's Monongahela plant near Pittsburgh. As the crew arrives to load and fire the cupola for the day's 34 ton heat of closely controlled grayiron for castings, men on the floor below are scurrying back and forth laying out flasks, and there is an in termittent burping from deep inside the cupola itself as the goggled, masked pneumatic hammer operator knocks down the lumpy slag left by vesterday's melt. An overhead crane whirs up softlv and there is a solid thump as the first grab of engine blocks jumps four inches up from the pile to dangle from the electromagnet. Another soft whir and a battery powered truck zips through a short turn to lay down a dump bucket to catch the half ton of scrap as it falls from the magnet. By the time the clatter has stopped, the truck--having long since backed out--is doing a ballet turn with two more buckets, doubledecked, to lay them out precisely with the others in the line in front of the scrap pile. By ten thirty the air hammer in the cupola has been hauled out and its burping replaced by the hiss and mist of wet refractory being gunned onto the raw, broken lining. The ballet of the crane and truck has changed too. Xow it has settled down to a smooth routine--one load of re melt scrap, one of pig. one of regular scrap, one of coke and limestone. The sequence of visits by the truck to the 300 yard long line of piles is broken only by a side trip now and then to bring up more empty buckets to keep ahead of the crane operator. On each trip the truck runs into the cupola floor, stops long enough for the scale to steady and for the hand signal that means OK, or "pull out Weights ere carefully checked. two pigs' - or. perhaps, "toss in that broken flywheel--no, not that gear housing, that flywheel, right." And the truck backs off. making a ISO degree turn in little more than its own length to gently lay down an other half ton of feed in the "bank" of loaded dump buckets now growing in neat ranks in front of the open cupola. Bv noon, all the staging has been removed from the cupola and a layer of kindling and coke in the bottom is ready to light. Loads of iron, coke and limestone may still he coming in from the stock piles but now they are being dumped right into the cupola after weighing. By two-thirtv nobody goes onto the loading floor unless he has to. Tem peratures are well over 100 and there is a hot blast every time a dumping bucket momentarily deflects gasses and heat out through the cu pola mouth against the glass heat guard of the truck. The cycle of Temelt, pig. scrap, and coke repeats 4- every six minutes--1000 pod metal. 500 pounds of coke aj each trip, 3500 pounds every This is the sort of punil taken every day. from 10 AS PM by the single batterv-p| 3000-pound life truck that fe cupola. Until October of 196| 4000-pound gas trucks were ui this job. Normally, only one ofl was used, the other was a stand that the operation would nl halted by truck breakdown! newer of the two. a 1950 modi mains in standby today. But for an odd job or two like el^ snow, it is rarely used. Total time for the battery truck in two years of operation amount! about four hours. Downtime and maintenance lems were the principal reason the change to battery power, fivash and foundry sand raised! with the gas trucks. Entering the engine air. the grit plugge^ carburetors. Often enough, this meant stripping down carburetor] A load of pig for the furnace. fuel lines. On cold winter mornings! was always a question of whethj cither truck would start. But though maintenance led to change, the cupola crew wouldn change back even if maintenant] were no problem at all. They've found the battery truck faster. With srit an! \_1 h? jnd over ^ie an<^ )'ar(^ urf footedness peculiar to battery ^er counts heavily here. Manage- ent is pleased, too, for there is no .heel spinning, jackrahbit starting, general hot rodding. Management can also be pleased ith the cost of power for the truck. |i estimates that the annual gas-and- ,,il bill used to be $575. Electric nine: for charging the batteries is 1160, less than a third as much. As expected, though, the real pay- is in the figures for maintenance, fhf gas trucks were, at the time of rrplacement, 12 and 14 years old. Ibis is much older than most gas trucks are allowed to grow in actual Urrvice. it is true. The reason was hat any gas truck was an old truck jfter two years of hard work and ating grit on this job. Thus use of 'irw gas trucks at the cupola did not make sense. I The estimate of maintenance for a I 'car's service from the gas trucks: preventive maintenance >1 parts labor $ 350 580 1425 <i TOTAL, no allowance for cost of downtime $2355 i I' The actual cost incurred in using i battery truck in the same service j lor tuo years have been $32.28 in i Tafts and three hours of labor. Inter- I e>l|ngly, the standby gas truck, now I used perhaps one or two per cent of .*the time in its odd jobs, has run up a parts bill of $53.34 in the same two years period. Today's sophisticated science of generating and delivering electricity is more exacting and complex than ever before, and lead-acid batteries are making a major contribution to new methods. For years, the power station bat tery's role has been to wait patiently on stand-by for the time when, by accident on necessity, the plant shut down--went "off the line". Only then was the battery system called on to operate emergency lights, switch gear, signal devices, relay equipment and other necessarv functions until station power was restored. But now at the City of Jackson ville's new addition to its Southside Station the stand-by battery no longer stands! A static inverter continuously converts the direct current of a stor age battery to the alternating current required to operate sensitive devices. Sixty cell, 120 volt battery (foreground) pro vides power to static inverter (background) at Southside. One of these devices, unheard of a few' years ago in power station opera tion, is a digital analog computer. This apparatus enables the nerve center of the electrical system, located at Southside Station, to send and re ceive signals from all its plants, as well as from other companies tied into the power network of the area. The data are logged and analyzed and, as electrical loads fluctuate, tur bine outputs are changed by tele metry, loading the turbines at the lowest incremental fuel cost. The equipment is so sensitive that it can not tolerate even the fraction of a cycle delay formerly required in emergency switching from station ac to battery sources -- hence, the new technique. The 60 cell, 120 volt lead-acid bat tery at Southside is designed for long service life with a minimum of maintenance. It is rated at 720 am pere-hours (at the 8 hour rate of dis charge). Constant voltage is main tained by two 15 horsepower diverterpole chargers, one operating and one held in reserve. Across the nation, power suppliers are interconnecting their systems into a huge network which will assure continuation of an ample supply of low-cost electricity. Dispatching of loads through these interties will in creasingly demand more complextechnology. Therefore, control sys tems such as that at Southside Station will become a major factor in con struction and design of new and ad ditional facilities. LI A 2 6 4 0 ^ Sheet lead bloc] for The three pairs of curves (below) refer to the performance of the walls separating the polygraph room from the adjacent rooms and hall shown on the plan. The measures shown on the plan at right raised the minimum noise reduction by 17 decibels. Frequency Cycles Per Seconds 60 1 1 ----- --i After trea ment 1.5 (9 treei. average) Performance prob< bly -- limited by one-w mirror between roc ms =g 40 7^ ~f\ 'j t > 30 I! 0 riginal (E freq. avera$ e) 1 ) -1 . s 60 50 I 40 S 30 : 20 10 o OISE R :ou OTIC)N - OB >ER\ ATI DN *00 MT 0 POl YGRAPH ROOM, BERGEN (TTY | /8/63 LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSN. Fader -- 1 1 1111 111 60 125 Frequency - Cycles Per Seconds [TTrr After reatmer t W db-- (9 freq . averag e) S 1J i | rigi lal 2.5 9 fre q.avera Wl lx N0IS E R EDU CTK)N - AD. ACE NT OFF CE PIT0 POLYGRAPH ROOM. BERGEN (TTY 1 10/8/63 LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSN. fdtr-----1 L 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 60 Frequency Cycles Per Seconds The polygraph (left) records minute physiological changes in response to the questions asked by the operator. Quiet and lack of distraction are important because disturbances cause spurious results which require retesting. Lead was used t o soundproof this room in a busy office and make it suitable for such tests. "Dragnet" and other popular po lice lore may exaggerate a bit, but the fact remains that police officers on a case work long, irregular hours. Three, four or more detectives com paring case notes over a mid-morning (or midnight) cup of coffee may gen erate a noisy give-and-take. Add this to the background noise of type writers and telephones in the busy of fice space housing the investigative staff of the Bergen County, N.J. Prosecutor's office and you have a distractive, bustling atmosphere. One of the modern techniques of police work -- polygraph, or more popularly "lie detector," examina tion -- requires quiet and freedom from distraction. In such an examin ation the subject is told ahead of time exactly what questions will be asked of him. Then the instrument is set up to measure certain physiological changes as he is asked--and answers --these questions. In the hands of an expert operator like Detective Herbert Allmers. who holds an MA degree in psychology and is fully trained in the use of the instrument, the polygraph can save hours and days of police work by verifying statements, indicating inno cence, or turning up profitable leads for investigation. But Detective All mers stresses that quiet and absence of distraction are vital in such ex aminations. Disturbances can cause reactions by the subject which ob scure the effect of the question and answer. Of course these spurious reactions can be recognized and al lowed for, but it is far better to avoid them. One of the regular offices had been set aside for this testing. It was a room 9 x 12 feet with threel walls made of movable steel pal ing. Sound leaks through cri the partitions, through the around the door, and throua ventilating ducts anw.-ed a grei of the normal office noise to enl room. Running a polygraph exa tion meant holding all phone and conducting regular office! "on tiptoe". Acoustical tests of the polvl room were made by generating] noise in the two adjacent office in the corridor and measuring much entered the room. The of these tests are shown as the curves in the three plots. It was decided that the major! enumerated above should be tr| in the following wavs: t To close the cracks in the I partitioning and to raise the tj mission loss of the panels themse four-pound 11/16 inch) sheet was adhered directlv to these For ease of handling, the lead cut into 20 x 20 inch squares cemented in place with a "cond cement. Care was taken that! squares covered cracks at the pi edges and corners of the room lead was "dressed" or folded into around these corners). One wall the room was plastered masonry the lead was applied over furn strips with glass fiber between it the existing wall. Air feed and return ducts lined with glass fiber batting for : eral feet on either side of the op ings in the polygraph room. Cracks around the door open!] were carefully gasketed with closi LI A26405 office noise to create proper conditions ph testing at the Bergen County Prosecutor's Office j] f0am weatherstripping and with t client folded strip of leaded rub er which compressed, on closing the > oor, against the door frame. \11 the exposed lead was finished i) covering it with acoustical tile. In ^ case of the lead on furring, sheets ,[ homosote were used to provide a inn base for the tile. Then the room was again tested, , before, very noticeable improvepfnts were found for each sound ource location. The performance Uind in these tests (made after six nonths of normal use of the room) t shown as the upper curve in each if the three plots. When all the data .ere reduced it was possible to show , 17 decibel increase in the noise irduction controlling the levels in the oom. This figure is taken as a ninerequency average from the plots .rowing the wall between the poly:raph room and the hall. This was the critical wall governing perform ance. The average noise reduction ob tained (about 40 db) was not suffi cient for the conditions required. Therefore, a small electric fan was placed in the room. It is started be fore the subject enters the room and. under these circumstances, it is rarely even noticed. With this addition of masking noise in the polygraph room extraneous noises outside are no prob lem at all. In fact, to demonstrate this, a separate test was run in which the sound source was operated in each of the three test locations. It was impossible to detect it in the polygraph room when the fan was running. Detective Allmers is well pleased with the facility. It is not only ade quate for his purposes, but probably better than the majority of rooms used for polygraph examination. Soft leaded rubber around the door edge acts as a gasket to block passage of sound through the cracks. LIA26406 BRINGING THE ACID TO THE BATTERY Lead lined cage type reservoir tanks (below) and acid cutting tanks (above) are located near to the battery plant. All valves and pipes are lead (inset closeup). nn The new battery manufacturing plant just opened by Consumers Co operative Association is a model of organization and uncluttered efficien cy, No pains seem to have been spared to utilize the most modern machines and materials for this 750 unit-perday plant. The ``lifeblood7' of a storage bat tery assembly line might be said to be the sulphuric acid that is stored and then piped to various stations where it is needed on the assembly line, in One of the 26 workers At the battery plant placing the positive and nega tive lead plates in their cells. CCA's new plant 'hi North Kansas City, Mo., the storage and: distribu tion tanks, the. pipes and the valves of this feed,.system are made of lead. When cprimiemal grade.sulphuric acid first enters the battery plant, it is first stored in' two 6000 gal. reser voir tanks located, outside of the fac tory building. .Tngijteer.- at the firm of Messaglia-Neusprum-Middleton Co., Kansas City,. Mo., designers of the rpiartt. osed fead'lined tanks supported TcCa steel:'cage -or basket type of con struction fhroughout. This type of '.construedoh -offers the advantage that any "leak can easily be repaired withcrut'-haying-to-drain the tank and thereby!possibly slowing production. The two big reservoir tanks are lined with Vb in. thick sheet lead in stalled by Larrv Goad and Co.. St. Louis, who did the lead work through out the system. All lead joints and seams are sealed by burning (weld ing ) in the system. Before the sulphuric arid is used, it is taken from storage, diluted some what. then stored in two 2250 gal. tanks housed in the same structure as the reserve tanks. These cutting tanks are also lined with 3/16 in. thick lead. When needed, the acid is piped into the plant and kept in five rect angular tanks located in the battery forming room. These tanks, each 7 by 4 by 5 ft., feed acid directly to assembly line stations and to the final filling station in the forming room where it is put into the completed battery. In the forming operation, the bat tery. filled with acid, is subjected to an electrical charge, the lead oxide is thereby converted to sponge lead in one set of plate.- and lead peroxide in the other and the battery is ready to go to work. In addition to the tank linings, Larrv Goad and Co. installed over 2500 ft. of lead piping and a number of lead valves in the acid svstem. In all. probablv more than 00.000 lb. of lead has been used in getting Con sumers Cooperative Association bat teries to the cars and tractors they will serve. View across the battery forming room as sembly conveyors showing the five rectangular lead-lined acid storage tanks elevated to be out of the way. ~TiS Jta&iisai mpni 8- -- LI A2 07 LEAD JACKET COOLS REACTOR A two inch thick wall of lead bonded to an eight-inch steel jacket is serving as the "thermal shield" of the new research reactor being built for the National Bureau of Standards. The heavy water moderated reactor will be completed this Summer. As almost everyone knows, the core of an atomic reactor emits deadly quantities of atomic radiation and vast amounts of heat. That is why the NBS reactor is protected by two shields. The inner "thermal shield'' consists of steel and lead walls entirelv surrounding the core and cooled bv water piped through tubes in the lead. This thermal shield's primary function is to absorb heat so that the outer "biological shield" made of concrete will not be damaged. Work ers around the reactor are protected from radiation primarily In' the con crete shield. The thermal shield on the 20 mil lion watt reactor being built at the new National Bureau of Standards site at Gaithersburg. Md,. is designed to use more than the mass of the lead and steel to absorb the heat from the reactor core. Burns and Roe. the New York City consulting engineer ing firm that designed the reactor shield, included almost one-half mile of 1,0-in. diameter copper tubing to carry water through the lead sides and the bottom of the shield. The excellent casting properties of lead made it feasible for 0. G. Kelley and Co., Dorchester, Mass., to hand cast the 17-ft. high lead wall around some 153 vertical sections of tubing about 50-ft. long. In addition there are 100 horizontal sections of tubing approximately 18-ft. long. In the casting process, maximum heat conductivity was assured by first silver brazing the tubing to the steel outer shell with at least a l/g-in. fillet along both sides of the contact line. Each tubing section was manufac tured as a single piece to assure de pendability and pressure tested to as sure leak-tightness. Then the lead was hand cast around the tubing so that it bonded dependably with both the steel casing and the copper tubes. When the reactor is in operation. 660 gal. per min. of demineralized water circulates through the tubing system where it is heated from an entering temperature of 97F to 104CF a; it leaves the system. Through this means enough heat is withdrawn from the shield to drop the temperature from the reactor ves sel to a safe temperature for the con crete biological shield. The outer shield, a thick mass of concrete weighted with magnetite (iron ore) instead of gravel is the op erating personnel's protection against dangerous gamma rays and penetrat ing neutrons. Extreme heat, cold mixed One of the features that makes the NBS reactor an unusually sophisti cated research tool is a two ft. diam eter port passing through both the biological and thermal shield to per mit the production of cold neutrons in a cryogenically cooled moderator. The novel aspect of this is that the cooled moderator can be held at tem peratures very close to absolute zero (-460F), even though it is adjacent to the reactor core. Construction of this, and other experimental ports, of course, required the removal of a certain amount of shielding concrete from the biological shield. The engi neers analyzed each such port and de termined the equivalent amount of lead and neutron absorber needed to restore the same shielding properties. The greater space efficiency of lead permits substi.ution for the removed concrete to preserve the safety of the reactor. In the NBS reactor about 22 tons of lead was used in the thermal shield and approximately 15 tons in the biological shield. h Outside of the NBS research reactor. The thermal iMeld can be seen above and behind the biological shield. The square opening protected by a plastic sheet is part ot the cold neutron facility where temperatures may reach 453 F, LIA26fi0e DEVIL'S CANYON BRIDGE NO. 2, near San Diego County line, Calif. Jury said, "Done in rather harsh simplicity, fitting in with surrounding country. We particu larly like the proportionate simplicity of the piers." HICAGO'S NORTH DEARBORN STREET BRIDGE. "It solves ' problem of the bascule bridge in a very simple manner." HITE RIVER BRIDGE, Rogers, Ark, "A ribbon of steel. We e struck by the simplicity and slenderness of the vertical ports." We're showing you four prize bridges. They were chosen for their beauty from more than 135 entries in the American Institute of Steel Con struction 1963-64 Prize Competition. The distinguished jury of architects, engineers and designers that selected these winners agreed that the choice was hard because: "Bridges are get ting better looking -- as well as more economical". But one area where the choice was not hard was in the selec tion of a paint system to protect these four beauties. Red lead primers were the unanimous choice. Prize winner in the long span cate gory was the Cold Springs Canyon Bridge, Santa Barbara. California. Designed and owned by the State of California, the bridge was erected by the American Bridge Division of L.S. Steel Corp. Of course, the state's rigid specifications for a red lead pro tective paint system were followed by the fabricators. In this case, 3 mils of Specification 58-G-53 in two coats were called for as a primer system. Roughly 15.7 lb. of red lead was used in each gallon of the two-coat svstem. Medium Span Prize Bridge (for fixed span bridges under 400 ft. and less than 500,000) was the White River Bridge at Rogers, Arkansas, General Contractor was Guy H. James Construction Company, Okla homa City. Oklahoma. The Arkansas State Highway Department specified two coats of red lead primer paint for this bridge to meet AASHO spe cifications for Highway Materials. M-72, Type I. Winner among the bridges with fixed short spans costing less than 8500.000 was the Devil's Canyon Bridge No. 2. five miles east of the San Diego County line, California. The Movable Span Bridge Prize went to Chicago's North Dearborn Street Bridge. Owned by the Citv of Chicago, the steel on this bridge re ceived a shop coat of red lead and linseed oil, meeting the specifications of the State of Illinois Division of Highways. Here the jurors felt that the designers "have lent the bridge individuality and a pleasing appear ance by integrating the abutments with the truss work on the bridge.' COLD SPRINGS CANYON BRIDGE. "A steel arch, very simply and directly handled." By using red lead primers, the State of California is assur ing its continued beauty. LIA26409 tfatene&tttup OctcU "H tuU afawt ^tecid nn,,Dtuxiemc r 4-7 October Second International Conference on Legd o^ && The Second International Confer ence on Lead will be held October 4 through 7, 1965 in Arnhem, Hol land. Three parallel programs of papers will be held each day em bracing the use of lead in cable sheathing, in batteries, and in a va riety of more general applications. All papers and programs will be either in English or simultaneously transla ted into English and other languages. The general session will deal with lead and lead alloys and coating for corrosion resistance and chemical construction, and the use of lead in sound and vibration control. Both the cable and battery sessions include planned tours of nearby Eu ropean plants. Further details about the meeting are available through Lead Industries ; Association. Inc.. 292 Madison Ave., ` New York. N.Y. 10017. "See them shufflin' along" ... A re tired cobbler has proposed a novel method of making prisons escape proof; reports the FBI. Lock a pair of special boots on each prisoner. The boots would be comfortable for walk ing, it is said, but 26 lbs. of lead in each sole would easily prevent run ning. "Escape is virtually impossible without the key," says the FBI monthly law enforcement bulletin. Lead secreted in jewelry case! . . . Approximately one-quarter pound of quarter-inch lead burning wire goes into the front plate of this specially designed Lift-A-Way Valet case to provide weight and balance for proper functioning of the hinged-top section. "We considered several ma terials and found that lead is the only product that can provide the needed weight and dimensional characteristics --at a realistic price," said a spokes man for London Leather Novelties, New York, producers of the case. You can't see the lead . . . but it's easy to see the results. Old World skills, taught and passed down from father to son show up in this hand crafted paperweight. Joseph L. St. Clair of the St. Clair Glass Works in Elwood, Indiana uses lead in the manufacture of every piece he turns out. St. Clair sells all the items he can make--perfume bottles, paper weights, penholders, lamp bases and ash trays all have the flowery designs popular in Grandma's day and now. A Lead sap . . . consisting of a leather glove beefed up with six ounces of strategically placed lead powder is the latest for law enforcement officers. The glove comes with the lead loaded in either the palm or the knuckles to suit individual preferences for in fighting. CHANGE OF ADDRESS OR NEW READER Use this side of the coupon if you have recently changed your address or if you would like to be added to the mailing LIA2641C i---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I CHANGE OF ADDRESS ADD ME TO TOUR MAILING LIST 1 (please circle one) From________ Name, title Company Street City, zone, itate To___________ Name, title Company PLEAS! CHECK INTEREST fi Architec*jral & building ri Design Engineer [j Ceramics I I Radiation ' ZD Other (please specify) Stri tftfa LIBRARY OF TECHNICAL INFORMATION LUJJJJJJJVSLUJJi/ UJJJJJJUIJ VUU The following publications are available free of charge unless otherwise noted. Send request to t LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION, 292 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK 17, N. NEW LISTINGS Ceramic permanent magnets Six-page reprint describes ceramic processes, Applications ond potential markets for ce ramic permanent magnets, particularly highlead ferrites. Lead roofing and flashing Handbook for contractors, architects, and others in the building field gives detailed de scriptions and layouts of all standard lead roofing systems. Performance characteristics, gages ond specifications included in profusely illustrated, 16-poge guide. Organo-lead job hunt Two-page description of new compounds and possible areas of application. New uses for terne coated steel Two-page reprint summarizes the applications for industrial feme, o lead alloy coated steel. Corrosion resistance and formability spur in creased application. Use epoxies to line tanks with lead Reprint describes novel method of bonding lead linings to steel tank walls with epoxy ce ment. Result: lighter sheets, less leadburning. GENERAL New uses for lead Design engineering data BATTERIES The picture book of power batteries Truck costs in a jiffy CONSTRUCTION High temperature lead joints Results of comparative tests of lead calked joints in cast iron soil pipe. Waterproofing with sheet lead Gives methods and specifications for waferproof constructions. Pools and planters Removable walls with lead linings Isloation of buildings from vibrations Silver anniversary roofs Laboratory drainage systems lead work for modern plumbing $2 postpaid, $1.50 per copy in orders of 10 or more. Profusely illustrated 164-page text presenting clearly to the plumbing student the necessary tools, procedures ond methods. Lead plumbing systems ENGINEERING Modern chemical construction Description of types of leod products, and constructions used in the chemical industry. Cleaning "hot" parts ultrasonically PZT transducers for ultrasonic cleaning High speed lead plating Importance of lead in glass Phase relations: PbO, Pb0-Fe203 systems New electroceramics data Pb-, Ba-, SrHf03 systems. PbO-BaO-MgO-SiOj system. Soldering and soldering alloys Lead sheathing for power cable Materials of construction review Corrosion data-lead and alloys Methods of lining lead tanks Cutting press vibrations Nuclear materials Radiation protection Lead alloy anodes for cathodic protection Lead to control sound and vibration Anodes for ship protection FINISHES Leod paint systems for bridges Decorative finishes for lead Red lead based paint systems Porcelain enamels: For aluminum, low temperature steel. Molybdate opacified enamel. Glazes for brick UPON REQUEST, THE LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION WILL BE GLAD TO MAIL "LEAD" REGULARLY, FREE OF CHARGE, TO THOSE INTERESTED, AND WILL COOPERATE WITHOUT OBLIGATION IN THE SOLUTION OF YOUR LEAD PROBLEMS. Reproduced by letterpress from leod type. n PRINTED IN U.S.A. GtHDE-KALKHOFF-BURR, INC NEW YORK, N. Y. Aail to: Leod Industries Assn., Inc., 292 Madison Ave., New York 17, N. Y. lame. Title ompany reet ty. Zone, State tase send_____ TO REQUEST LITERATURE LI A2 6A 11 I