Document RpG1e1EyV34xL5XqB6M5YjV5a

ee < RReevviieeww ooff PPFFOOSS IImmppaaiirrmmeenntt iinn MMiissssiissssiippppii RRiivveerr PPooooll 22 Prepared for: Barnes & Thornburg LLP Chicago, Illinois On behalf of: wre Metropolitan Council Environmental Services St. Paul, Minnesota Prepared by: ENVIRON International Corporation Irvine, California econ 10 300Date: December 16, 2010 Project Number: 20-24193A EExxhhiibbiitt 2691 State of Minnesota v. 3M Co., Court File No. 27-CV-10-28862 NVi RON 22669911..00000011 STATE_01178225 Review of PFOS Impaiment in Wisisini Rver Pot 2 Review of PFOS Impairment in Mississippi River Pool 2 Prepared for Metcpotian Counc Prepared for Metropolitan Council CCoonntteennttss Page 1 Executive Summary ' Page 21 woduction Executive Summary 21 23 RInetvroideuwcatniodnSynthesisof Pool 2 PFOS Data 32 313 3.1 Review of Concentrations of PFOS in Fish Sampled Review and Synthesis of Pool 2 PFOS Data Review of Concentrations of PFQS in Fish Sampled iinntthhee MMPPCCAA ((22001100)) Pool2 study 3 3 311 MPPoColA2 2S0tu1d0y) Study Design 33 3.1.1 551132 3.1.2 MCCMoPoPnncCCceAAentn(2rt2r0aa0t11tii0o0o))nnssSDoatofutfdaPPyAFFDnOOaeSlSsyisgiinninsiFAissphhprOOobbassceehrrvveedd bbyy MMPPCCAA ((22001100)) 433 3 323.1.3 RMePvCieAw(o2f01C0o)ncDeanttarAetnoanlyssoisf APpFpOrSoaicnhWar and Surface Sediment Sampled 4 3.2 RientvhieewMoPfCCAonacnednVtriaetsiotnosn oSftuPdFiOesS in Water and Surface Sediment Sampled 5 521 CionntcheentMraPtCiAonasonfd PWFeOstSoninSWtuatdeiersand Surface Sediment 55 322 3.2.1 3.2.2 Spatial Relationships between PFOS in Water Concentrations of PFOS in Water and Surface Spatial Relationships between PFOS in Water and Surface Sediment and Surface SSeeddiimmeenntt 0to PPFFOOSS iinn FFiisshh 85 8 444 1 CSCotontnsesioidtdeternraeat-tiiSoocnnissenffoocrre PPRFFeOOviSSewEEnnvviirronomnmeenntatl Fate Fate 1"n1 4.1 44234.2 RRSRoetoallleeteeov-ofaofSnf-Sectheededio-imfmSSeceenidnetitnmiicnneeAnARqtqu.euaavatsiteisiccwocFFiaaattteeeodoffPPPFFFOOOSSSo Pool 2 Fish 11 2212 54.3 PsSRcFceiilOeeeSnvnaccIneemc--bpebaaaoissfreeSmddeeAAndltilmtteeienrrnnnPata-otatoiisvlvseeo2cDDieaectceiisdsiioPonnFOMMSaakktioinnPggottoool Define 2 Fish Define aanndd AAddddrreessss 12 1s 555.121 AMPMlFPPlOCCeSAAmaIMMmvaaepnnaaPaigrgFmeeOmmeSenenMtntatinnRRaePegsoseppomoolenn2snseet ttSootrtthahteeegMMiPePsCCRAAel((a22t00i11v00e))oPPoMoeotl2r2aSoStWutudldTyy.P 1i166o 65.2 CAoltnecrnlautsivieonPsFOS Management Strategies Relative to Metro V~AA/TP 218 76 RCeofnecrleunscioenss 221 7 References 23 List of Tables List of Tables Tablet: Table 1: Tabe2: Table 2: Tabed: Table 3: Tabi4e: Table 4: Table 5: Table 5: Table: Table 6: TTaabbllee 77:: Tables: Table 8: CCffooonmnceScenectrtnaitotionrsnsao1,tof2,fiPPo3FFnOOaSsSnd4iinn ssuuuprrsffaracceeeassmeedodifimm3eeMnntCt oaatnntddagwweaatGtoerrorvsseaa.mmpplleess oobbttaaiinneedd Concentrations of PFOS from Sections 1,2, 3 and Concentrations of PFOS in4 in surface seciment and watorsampis upstream of 3M Cottage Grove. surface sediment and water samples oobbltaainneedd ffarrnoodmmWSSeeescctttioCionov4ne4.aaddajacceenntt tfoo 33MM CCoottttaaggee GGrroovvee sshhoorreelilinnee,, eexxccliutdiinngg EEaasstt CCoovvee. aCCfornonodncmcW eeSneentcrstrtataitCtoiionoonvn4sesd.oooffwPPnFFsOOiSSeaiinnmssouufrrff3aaMcceeCssoeettddaiimgmeeennGttraoanvnded wwaatteerrssaammpplleess oobbttaaiinneedd fFCFriooisstmhhtabbSgiieoeocaaGtccirocconuuvmem4u.uldalaottwiioonnnstmmreooaddmeell for Sections 1, 2:3 and of 3M Cottage Grove. for Sections 1, 2,3 and 4 4 uuppssitrreeaamm ooff S3MM CFiosthtabgieoaGcrcouvmeu.lation mode for Section 4 adjacent o 3M Cotage Grove shoreline. Fish bioaccumulation model for Section 4 adjacent to 3M Cottage Grove sFhisohrebliinoea.ccumulation model for Section 4 Section 4 downstream o3fM CCFFioiosstthhttaabbggiieoeoaaGGccrcrcoouuvvmmeeuu.lalattiioonn model model for Section 4 Section 4 downstream of 3M applied to estimate PFOS wate crerion at a gFiisvhenbciooanccecnutmrautlaiotinonofmPoFdCeSl aipnpsliuerdfatoceessetdimimaetnet.PFOS water criterion at a Atemate PFOS penn calculations for eto. given concentration of PFOS in surface sediment. Alternate PFOS permit calculations for Metro. Canter i ENVIRON 22669911..00000022 STATE_01178226 STATE_01178226 TTaabbllee 09: LLiisstt ooff FFiigguurreess. FFiigguurree 11: : Figure 2: Figure 2: FFiigguurree 33:: Figure 4: Figure 4: FFiigguurree 5S:: FFiigguurere6:: FFiigguurree 77:: FFiigguurree &8: FFiigguurree 9: FFiigguurree 1100:: FFiigguurree 1111: : FFiigguurree 1122:: Review Review of of PROS PFOS IImmppaarsirommpeeannrtteiidnn ifMrsisiMseisstiscioppppoilRRtiaivvneerrCPPoooncolcl !22 Prepared for Metropolitan Council CCoonncceenntrtraattiioonnss ooff PPFFOOSS iinn eeffffluueenntt ffroomm tthhee MMeeltrroappoolliitaann W Waasstteewwaatteerr TTrreeaattmmeenntt PPllaanntt,, JJuullyy 22001100.. Minnosota Minnesota PPoolllluuttiioonn CCoonntrtrooll AAggeennccyy ((MMPPGCAA)) MMsisssiissispipppii RRiivveerr PPoool 22SoSttuulddyy Area AMirenanesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) Mississippi River Pool2 Section 1MiFninsehsaontadWPaotlleurtioSnamCpolnetroRleAsguelnscy (MPCA) Mississippi River Pool 2 Section M1 iFninsehsoatnad PWolaltuetrioSnaCmonptleroRl eAsgueltnscy (PCA) Mississippi River Pool2 Section 22MMiiFFnniinnssehehssaoaotnntaaddWPPWaootlalleltuuerttriiooSSnnaaCmCmoponplnlleertrooRRlleeAsAsugguleelttnnssccyy (MPCA) (MPCA) Mississippi Mississippi River River Pool Pool 2 2 Section Section 3MiFninsehsaontad PWaotlleurtioSnamCpolnetroRleAsguelnscy (MPCA) Mississippi River Pool 2 Section 3MiFninsehsoatnad PWolaltuetrioSnaCmonptleroRl eAsgueltnscy (PCA) Mississippi River Pool2 Section 4 Fish and Minnesota 4 Fish and Water Sample Results Pollution Control Agency Water Sample Results (MPCA) Mississippi River Pool 2 Section 99Fi00ltltheht PPbeyerrcScepenentctiiileeesCCoonncceennttrraattioinosn ooff PPeerrfflluuoorrooooccttaannee SSuullffoonnaattee ((PPFFOOSS)) iinn FFiisshh ConcenotfrPearftuoircooctnanse Fillet by Species Concentrations of Perfluorooctane SSuullffoennaaltee ((PPFFOOSS)) iinn LLoowweerr MMiissssiissssiippppii RCRwivvoeerrnPPocooolle22nSSuuotrrtffaraPcceeearfSStleeuddoiirimmcoeoecnnntttanse Sullonale (PFOS) in Lower Mississippi River Pool 2 Water Concentrations of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) in Lower Mississippi CCRoivonecrnePncotroaleti2onnWsotaotferfPrPeaerfrftlluuooirrocoooccnttaansnee SSuullffoonnaaltee ((PPFFOOSS)) iinn LLoowweerr MMiissssiissssiippppii RRiivveerr PPooooll 22 SSuurrtfaaccee SSeeddiimmeenntt NNeeaarr 33M CCoottttaaggee GGrroovvee CCoonncceenntrtraattiioonnss ooff PPeerrfflluuoorrocoocctiaannee SSuullffoonnaaltee ((PPFFOOSS)) iinn LLoowweerr MMiissssiissssiippppii CRRioivvneecrrepPPtoouooalll22MWWoadatetelerrDNNeeseaiargrn33MMforCCtoohttettaaPggee GG2orroovPveeFl.OS Fish Bioaccumulation Model PFOS Bioaccumulation Model Predictions Compared to Ranges of Observed Conceptual Model Design for the Pool 2 PFOS Fish Bioaccumulation Model PFOS Bioaccumulation Model Predictions Compared to Ranges of Observed `AAvveerraaggee PPFFOOSS CCoonncceentnrtraattiioonnss iinn FFiisshh Gentens " 22669911..00000033 ENVIRON STATE01178227 STATE_01178227 Review Review of of PFOS PFOS IImmppaaPiirrmmeepenantrteiindn WfMoirissMsieisstsicipnppioitRRivaivenerrCPoPuoonotcl t22 Prepared for Metropolitan Council 1 EExxeeccuuttiivve Summmmaarryy tIInnisMMsauaerrccahhnd2200s11u0r0,f,aMMcePPwCCaAAteppruubibnlliiPssohhoeeldd2aaossftttuhuddeyy MiininsvvseeisssttsiigigapapttiiinngRgippveeerrrffl(uuoMorPriiCnnAaa,tteedd20cc10oo)mm.ppooMuuinnndndessso((tPPaF,FCCs)) iinn ifisshh ctDDioseensppcuaeaernrtttammrneaedntnitstoouonfrsffaHHocfeeeaaplweltrthaftl((eMuMroDDrinHoHo)P)cotiisoassnlsueu2eesdoduflaatfhoffeinissahMhteccisoo(snnPisssFsuuOimmpSpp)ptitiiiRoonninfvie((sfrhrree(tMssihtsPswwCuaaeAtte,deror2cd0durr1umu0mme).)n)taaMedddivnviinissneoostrryohyetabbsaatssueedydd. oonn 2cMMoiainnnsncneeiesmnsopotrtataaiatrioPPeondolslloluuonttfiioioptnnseCCCrfollounentoatrrnroooloWl acAAttgageenernencAcscyyut((lfMSoMenPPcaCCtAtieA)o)n,(,P3iinFn0O3rr(eSedss))ppioolnnsntfssioseef,h, icctilmlsaapsssaussiieirffieiededdodcwttauhhtmeeere33sn3.3-t-emmdIinilleienorsstdthterreerettsctctohhuadoodyffd.PProoeosolsl h2tihnaaactstluiiimdmmepppaaaaiirrnirmmueemdenentort,,nicMMitsPPPFCCCOAAleSahhnalaissWmiiitannadtdteiiicrocanaAttencedttd ShttheheaactNttiaotittniiisso3ncc0aoo3lnn(sPdsio)iddlelelirsrtitiannonggftaaimDnnipsaaacppihrppearrdroogaaweccahhEtlettihrhmsaai.ttnaccItnooiuuoollndrddSueuylrltsiitmmtoaeaatmtedeldlyyress Wi((nNWNcPTPluDDPdE)EeS,Sa))wnppheueirmrcmmheiitrtdifcifoosPrchFtthahOereSgMMeelsietmrtiroinottpapootoiloPilinottaalinnn 2CCt.hooeuunNnccaiitlli'ossnMMaeletrPtrooopploluoltiliattanantnDW WiasascsthteaewrwgaaetteeErrliTTmrrieenaaatttmimoeennntSt yPPslltaaennmtt ((MWeettrroo VWVTP), which discharges into Pool 2. tOOhnne MbbePhCeaAlfooh(ff2MM0e1ate0rt)roolspptoouildfittyaanannCCdooueunvcnaicllilu,,aEEteNNdVVtIIhRReOOiNnNitiIIannltteperemnraamttiiiotoninanalgl CCaoporprpprooorraaacttihioondni((sEcENuNsVVsIIeRRdOOwNNi)t)hrrMeevvPiieCewAweeddfor thethe the Metro WWTP. MPCA (2010) Metro WV~I-P. This study This review was conducted in ight of MPCA (2010) Pool 2 data, additonal and evaluated the initial permitting approach discussed with MPCA for review was conducted in light of MPCA (2010) Pool 2 data, additional eppcuuobbtlloiicncliyyc--oaalvvoaagiiylaa,bbeilenevPPioroooolnl m22enddatatatala,,caahsesmwwieseltlllryaa,ss atthnheed ssrittasaktteea--soosff-et-shhseem--essncctiie,ennccee wwiitthh rreessppeecctt ttoo PPFFOOSS. ecotoxicology, environmental chemistry, and risk assessment. AAssaa rreessuulltt ooff tthhee rreevviieeww aanndd aannaalylyssisis,, EENNVVIIRROONN mmaaddee tthhee ffoollloowwiinngg kkeeyy ffiinnddiinnggss:: 1. AAhcactttuuaeaxllhiffibisishthsttiiismsspsuauieerPmPeFFnOOtSSisiimSmeppcaatiirirmom4ene,nnttthiiess mlliiommsiittteedddottwoonsSSeiecrctteiioaonnst44uidinny PPsoeocootllio22.n. oTTfhhPeeoooolnnll2yyiaanrretehaae bMtMhePaPltCCoewAAxth((h2i2be00itl11se00v)i)emlsspttiuuandddiyryi.mc.aetniOOvtvveieseorrfS99ie99mc%pt%iaoionorffm4tte,hhnetehte22a22nm22doffisaisstrhhedssosaawemmvneppsrltlaeerleddaoimirnndSSeseretcusctdtoiiyfoonmnssseagc11tn,,ioi22ntuaaodnnfeddPl33ooaowarler2eer tinhathne concentration below the level concentrations in many ofthe Section 4 fish indicative of impairment and are in many of the Section 4 fish. several orders of magnitude lower than 2. SlAeodlcoiacmlaeilnizzteeaddndPPFFwaOOtSSerssdooauutrracceefrwwoimitthhMiiPnnCSSAeeccattniiodonnot44heiissr rrpeuebsslppioocnlnyssiaibbvlaleeilffaoobrreiimmrepppaoairirtrsmm,eenants.t.weAAllvvaaaiillaasbbillteeo `sssSppeeeedcccitimififoiiecncn4PPt FFaarnOOedSSrwffeiiasssthpheorbbnisdioioaabatlcaceccfuurfommoumrultlahaMtetiiPooiCnmnpAmmaoiaodrndemdeieniliotnn.tggh,,eriinnpdduiicbcaalittceelsys that localized conditions within available reports, as well as site- that localized conditions within Section 4 are responsible for the impairment. 3. nMMoPPtCCsAAu'p'sspopprrrtooeppdoobssyeeddthppeeemrdmiattiat--.bbaaMssueeltddipmmlaeanlniaanggeseemomfeeennvttidrreeensscppeooinnnssdeeicttaootePPtFFhOaOtSSthiinen sPPooooollu2f2oriffisctshhhee:iiss oaonsbbossstoeescrriuvvaepetddpeodPPrwFFtieOOtdhSSbMiiymemttpprhaaoeiirWrmdWmaeeTtnanPt.t.issMlfiuFmmilitriittpseetldedtttlhoioneelloposcrcaaoollpf ossesooveuuiddrreccMenescsPeCwwiAiitnthhdaiiipnncpaSSrteeeoccattthciioaohntnft44hoecaaunnssddoeusiisrsconnenootostfurthfeace water discharges and associated with Metro water discharges and does not VWVTP. does not address PFOS present n sediment, First, the proposed MPCA approach address PFOS present in sediment, which accounts for focuses on surface which accounts for itthsheeinmmcaojanojsoriirsitttyyenootff wPPiFFthOOSStheeexxMppDoossHuurrfeeistothotfifiisssshh,u,eaaassdviinindsdoiiccraayttelededvebblyyummsoeoddedletiloinngtg.r.igSSgeeercceoonnnvddi,,rotthhneemeaanpptpparrlooaacchh crcisoeonmnincocecveroirnnnnsss.gi.sttheTTehnhitircrdowd,n,idtiahatdditdodhrnreeeossMfssiDininHmggpfaMMiiserehtmtrretooinstsVW.uWeTVaTPdPvittshhorroroyuugglehhvetthhliisussaaeppdpprtooratorcihgawgcwielhirlll ennnootvtbirbeoenefmeffefeenccttatiivlvee iinn removing the condition of impairment. Exccume Executive SSuummmmaarryy Tors 1 of 53 22669911..00000044 ENVIRON ~NV I RO N STATE_01178228 STATE_01178228 Review Review of of PFOS PFOS IImmppaaPiirrmmeepenantrteiindn WfMoirissMsieisstsicipnppioitRRivaivenerrCPoPuoonotcl t22 Prepared for Metropolitan Council 22 IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn IInn MMaarrcchh 22001100,, tthhee MMiinnnneessoottaa PPoolllluuttiioonn CCoonntrtrooll perfluorinated compounds (PFC) in fish tissue AAanggdeennsccuyyrf((aMcMePPCCwaAAt))errreeillneeaMasisseesddisaasisspttpuuiddyyRioovffer Pool 2 ep((MveMarPPlflCuCuaoAAtrei22nd00a11bt0e0y)d.).ccoAAomvmpveaeprrroaaiuggsneeodnccsoon(nPccteFheneCntstrMr)aiatntiniinooenfnissssohootftfaisppDseeeurrpfefliauaurocntrrdomooeosnccutttrafaonanfeceeHsseuuwalllaffotothennraa(ttiMeneD(M(HPP)iFsFsOfOiiSsSss)h)ipiiinpnsisffiiuRssehhivaettidisrvssPisusuoeoeorlwwye2erree OelleevnvvaeeellluodadfeteertridhivveeebdfdyivttceooosbmbpeeepcappirrreioossttoeeonccftttiifvovieesthhooesffaaaMmoopinnnlneeeedsmmo(eetfaaarlleDsppheeewrpraawwtreeetrmeedkkernccutoomonn)fsseuHuxmmehpiaptblttiiihootenn(dMrraaDatntHee,,a)vaafiesvvrhaaallgtuuieseesPouofFef 22Oa00Sd00vfinnisgsgos//rgugye1 cfOcioosnnnheccceeonontfnrttsrhaauettmiiopfoitnvnieggorsrneepaaaetdtceevirerisstthohoarafynnffittsohhhreePsMMoaoDDmlHHp2.leffidisBshh(afttsriiesesssdshuuoewenaaattddehvvreiissdfooriurrsyymh lc)leeovveneexlslh,,uibmaapinntetddidMMoanDDnaHHdavvssieuusrobbarsgsyee,eqqPPuuoeFoenOlntlSt2y wtiiisassssssu.uueeedd aa flpliiissrshtoteecdcdeoaeansdsseu""diimmmwpppiattaiihoirrneeiddna"t"deuulvnnispddoeeerrrrym33ifot00br33a((Pds)o)eoodolff2mtt.hhaeenBaCCaglsleeeeaadmnneonW WnatatthateeecrtrfiAiAsocchnt.ts.cfooBBnraasMssueeemtddrpoootipnnoonttlhiiaissadnvffiiinCsndodoiiurnnyngg,.c,iPMlMosPoPClMCAe2A.twroapsolitan (Metro) WWTP, proceeded with (Metro) WVVTP, which discharges to Pool 2. initial permit-based management which discharges to Pool 2. actions for Metropolitan Council's Metropolitan tOOhnnebMbeePnhCaAlfoo(ff2MM0e1et0rt)roopspotoluildittyaannanCCdooueunvncacilil,u,aEEteNNdVVtIIhRReOOiNNntiIIannlttepeerrnrnmaatitiitootnniaanlgl CCaoporprpprooorraaacttihioondni((sEcENuNsVVsIIeRRdOOwNNi)t)hrrMeevvPiieCewAweeddfor thethe the Metro WWTP. MPCA (2010) Metro WWTP. Thisreviewwas conducted in ight of additional publicly-available study and evaluated the initial permitting approach discussed with This review was conducted in light of additional publicly-available PFOS MPCA PFOS for ccrhheesempmiescistttrrtyyo ddPaaFttaaOSiinn ePPcooootolol x22icssouulrroffgaaycc.eeessneevddiiirmmoenenmntetnaatnnaddl wwcahatetemeirrs,,tarayss,wweaelnllldaassristthkheeassssttaeasttese--mooeffn--ttht.hee--sTscchiieennrcceeemawwiiittnhhder of this report presents the synopsisof this review, and is organized into the following respect to PFOS ecotoxicology, environmental chemistry, and risk assessment. The of this report presents the synopsis of this review, and is organized into the following sections: remainder sections: = SSeeccttiioonn 33: RReevviieeww aanndd SSyynntthheessiiss ooff PPooooll 22 PPFFOOSS DDaattaa + SSeeccttiioonn 44: CCoonnssiiddeerraattiioonnss ffoorr PPFFOOSS EEnnvviirroonnmmeennttaall FFaattee + SSIemecpcttaiioionmne55n:tSScicinieePnnoccoeelb-b2aasseedd AAlltteerrnnaattiivvee DDeecciissiioonn MMaakkiinngg ttoo DDeeffiinnee aanndd AAddddrreessss PPFFOOSS Impairment in Pool 2 + SSeeccttiioonn 66: CCoonncculussiioonnss + Section 7 References. Section 7: References ConcanoftPFrOSa1bsah snuse n themln tx:of his document are exproneansansogaramcs PEGS pr Concentrations of PFS in fish tissue in the main text of this document are expressed on a nanograms PFOS per am wet wight sue bass. gram wet weight tissue basis. Invoducton Introduction 20159 ENVIRON 2 of 53 ENV i RO N 22669911..00000055 STATE_01178229 STATE_01178229 Review of PEOS ImpPaimeenpien MrsiHsetiosppoRiiavneCPoucnc2 Review of PFOS Impairment in Mississippi River Pool 2 Prepared for Metropolitan Council 33 RReevviieeww aanndd SSyynntthheessiiss ooff PPooooll 22 PPFFOOSS DDaattaa TTPhohioissl s2s.eecctTtiihoornnerpereepssieemnantrtsyasaerrneevvviiireeowwnmaaennnddtasslyynndtathhteeassisissouoorffcppeuusbblwliieccrlyye--aarvveaalvililaaebbwlleeedPPtFFoOOunSSdeeenrnvsvitirraoonnndmmteehnnettaanlal tdduaartteaaoiifnn Pool 2. Three primary environmental data sources were reviewed to aPqFuaOtSicinenevnivrioronnmmeennttal campariments which are potential-relevant PFS in environmental compartments which are potentially-relevant o mpaifent in the Pool understand the nature of to impairment in the Pool 22 aquatic environment: 1. 1. CCoonncceentnrtraattiioonnss ooff PPFFOOSS iinn PPooooll22 fhfish aanndd wwaatteerr mmeeaassuurreedd bbyy MMPPCCAA ((22001100)); 22.. CCoonncceentnrtraattiioonnss ooff PPFFOOSS iinn PPooooll 22 sseeddiimmeenntt aanndd wwaatteerr mmeeaassuurreedd bbyy MMPPCCAA ((22000066));; aanndd 33.. GCCorononcvceeentnmrteraaattsiioounnrssedooffbPPyFFWOOeSSstiionnnMMi(is2ss0si0is7ss,siipp2pp0ii08RRi,ivv2ee0rr08ss)ee.ddiimmeenntt aanndd wwaatteerr nneeaarr 33MM CCoottttaaggee Grove measured by Weston (2007, 2008, 2009). AAlltthhoouugghh tthhee llaabboorraattoorryy aannaalylyttiiccaall tteecchhnniiqquueess ffoorr PPFFCCss dduurriinngg tthhee ttiimmee ppeerriioodd ooff tthheessee ssttuuddiieess. wweerree eevvoollvviinngg aanndd ccuurrrreennttllyy ccoonnttiinnuuee ttoo iimmpprroovvee ((MMaalliinnsskkyy,, 22000099 ;; vvaann LLeeeeuuwweenn eett aal.l,., 22000099)),, iitt was assumed that concentrationsof PFOS in fish, surface sediment, and water among the was assumed that concentrations of PFOS in fish, surface sediment, and water among the studies were comparable such thata synthesis of the data from these sucies would provide studies were comparable such that a synthesis of the data from these studies would provide insight nto the presence and behavior of PFOS in Pool 2 fish, surface water, and sediment. insight into the presence and behavior of PFOS in Pool 2 fish, surface water, and sediment. Study 33..11 RReevviieeww ooff CCoonncceennttrraattiioonnss ooff PPFFOOSS iinn FFiisshh SSaammpplleedd iinn tthhee MIVPiPCCAA ((22001100)) PPooooll 22 Study 311 MPCA (2010) Study Design 3.1.1 MPCA (2010) Study Design MPCA divided Pool 2 into four sections of varying length for their investigationof PFOS ifish MPCA divided Pool 2 into four sections of varying lengths for their investigation of PFOS in fish and surface water (Figure 1): Section 1 (3.6 iver mile) is the upper most section, Section 2 and surface water (Figure 1): Section 1 (3.6 river miles) is the upper most section, Section 2 (95 wer mile) receives discharge from Metropoitan Councils Metro WWTP, Section 3 (13.7 (9.5 river miles) receives discharge from Metropolitan Council's Metro VWVTP, Section 3 (13.7 rfiivveerr mmilileess)),, aanndd SSeeccttiioonn 44 ((44..77 rriivveerr mmiilleess)) aatt tthhee lloowweerr eenndd,, wwhhiicchh rreecceeiivveess ddiisscchhaarrggee ffrroomm 33MM''ss CCoottttaaggee GGrroovvee FFaacicliliittyy ((33MM CCoottttaaggee GGrroovvee).). IInn MMaayy 22000099,, MMiinnnneessoottaa DDeeppaarrttmmeenntt ooff NNaattuurraall Resources (MON), on behalf of MPCA, colected five fish species from all secions: busgil Resources (MDNR), on behalf of MPCA, collected five fish species from all sections: bluegill Sunfish, carp, freshwater Gum, smallmouth bass, and white bass. Foreach species, MONR sunfish, carp, freshwater drum, smallmouth bass, and white bass. For each species, MDNR colic15 fish per section fora taal of 75 fish per section withthe exceptionof lui sunfish collected 15 fish per section for a total of 75 fish per section with the exception of bluegill sunfish in Section 1, where 12 fish were collected (72 fish for Section 1. Inota, 297 fishsamplesware in Section 1, where 12 fish were collected (72 fish for Section 1). In total, 297 fish samples were collected from Pool 2. MONR also colected water samples rom 12 tations (3 diferent collected from Pool 2. MDNR also collected water samples from 12 stations (3 different collection ses wii each section, 3 samples at each ste. Water samples and30ofthe fish collection sites within each section, 3 samples at each site). Water samples and 30 of the fish ssaammpplleess wweerree ccoonnccuurrrreennttllyy aannaallyyzzeedd bbyy bbootthh tthhee ccoonnttrraacctteedd llaabb aanndd 33MM aass ppaarrttoofftthhee qquuaalilittyy assurance program. assurance program. 33.11..22 CCoonncceenntrtraattiioonnssooff PPFFOOSS iinn FFiisshh OObbsseerrvveedd bbyy MMPPCCAA ((22001100)) AAvveerraaggee aanndd 9900t"h ppeerrcceenntitillee ccoonncceennttrraattiioonnss2? ooff PPFFOOSS iinn ffiisshh ttiissssuuee wweerree bbeellooww tthhee MMODHH ffiisshh issue advisory levelof 200 ngg for all speciesoffish in Sections 1, 2and 3 (Figures 2-4). Over tissue advisory level of 200 ng/g for all species of fish in Sections 1, 2 and 3 (Figures 2-4). Over 99% ofthe 222 fish sampled in Sections 1. 2 and 3 were below 200 ng/g Afshin Sections 1 99% of the 222 fish sampled in Sections 1, 2 and 3 were below 200 ng/g. All fish in Sections 1 and 2 were below 200 ng/g. Only two fish samples were in excess of 200 ng n Section 3. and 2 were below 200 ng/g. Only two fish samples were in excess of 200 ng/g in Section 3. ?2 9900t"h ppeerrcceennttiillee vvaalluueess aarree ccoonnsseerrvvaattiivvee ssttaattissttiiccss tthhaatt rreepprreesseenntt tthhee eexxttrreemmee uuppppeerr rraannggeessffoorr eevvaalluuaattiinngg Copdnamors of FS oh comune ann. an are proviso Secon srzoses oy. Using concentrations of PFOS in fish consumed by anglers, and are provided here for discussion purposes only. Using Co rca loo In cormrton hinan hoa acs arr 14 500 ARTS Hd oy 90th percentile values in consideration of human health risks and/or fish tissue advisories would greatly Crime yas exponen 0 PROS overestimate typical exposures to PFOS. ReviewandSyrivess Poot 2 PRFevOieSwEnavnidroSnymnetnhteaslisDoaftePool 2 PFOS Environmental Data sess 3 of 53 ~ENN VV Ii R~ OONN 22669911..00000066 STATE_01178230 STATE_01178230 Review of PEOS ImpPaimeenpien MrsiHsetiosppoRiiavneCPoucnc2 Review of PFOS Impairment in Mississippi River Pool 2 Prepared for Metropolitan Council TTThhheeessseee fttwiwsooh wffiiesshrhewwecerarepetaaurmmeadallebeeaatnnwddeeaanjjuuivvveeenrniillmeeilbbellsuuee8gg3ii3lll.ss5uuannfnfiidsshh83((422,0044whaainncddh22f00a11snniggng/gt,h, erreeosswppeeercctiipvvoeerltlyi))o.n of S4TS.ehececTttsihioeoennfirs22ahnbbgwuutotewwroeeferrcPeeaFpggOtrruSoorueucpdpoeenbddceewwtniwtittrehhaetSSnieeorccnivttfieooornnmb33lilusseeaasgmml8plp3lls3eeu.ss5nfbbaiyysnhdMMiP8Pn3CCt4hAA,isw((SMhPeiPccCthCiAAofan22llis00s11i30n04))th0aaess2lsso0hwh4ooewnwrgnnpiogiinnrtaiFFoniindgguuotrrhfeee g049r.0othuTpphpieeenrgrccr.aeennnTtgtiiheleeeoiitsfswP11oF88eO33xSnncggec//eoggdnacssneuucgngegtgrseeassottiftoiinntnghgfeotthr2ha0bat0lutthenheggesiisllgeesfttuwiwsnoohfisiffiihsssshhiunaaertrheaeidsoovuuiStsteloieecrrtryissolnfoeovriresltth3hre4eeptSSoreee2cs0teio4cntnn3to3gns/ligsayamaom0np.pdln9leet%he 3ogofrfdottohuheepnionffitigssh.ch xssTcaahomemepdptwleltodheeieidnnMxcSSDeeeHeccditfiaooinsnnhcsseis11s.,so22fuaathnnaedddv2i33.0s. 0orCCnyoognlntcogceveenf.itnsrthraaDtttaiiisotosannussewoooafufdlPPvdFFisOnOoorSSty riilnenesvffuieislslthhriieinnnpaSrSeeeMscceOttiniHootnnofssins1l1h,y,220.9aa%nndd o3c(eondinstoshueumnrmpocttpoelitilxooecnncetiaaevdddevvlityihsse3oor5rMyyaDiifcftHtohimifssibsSihSenceteticsditsioouSnneesscat11di,,ov22nissaoannr1,ydd2le33vahhenaald.dd3DbbgeeareetaonnuwaapooddudrdlrrdeseessnpssoaeetrddaretsseseeluppylatarbrianyattaeselelcMyytiDffrooHon)mm.fisSShTeechctetiioodnnat44a demonstrates a clear (either collectively as demonstrates a clear absence of a combined absence of impaitment Sections 1, impairment ii2nn Sections 1. 2 and3 ofPool 2 and 3 group or separately by section). Sections 1,2 and 3 of Pool 2. The data CChoiongnchceerentn1rtra,attiiooannpssproooffxiPPmFFaOOteSSlyiinn1mm0a1an0nyy1o0o0f ttthhieemfefiissshhhiffgrrohomemr)SStsehccaitnioonnth44oswweeeirrneeSe11 ctttoo2i2onoosrrdd1ee,rr2ssaoonffdmma3a.ggnnAivittueudrdeaege ctchiooigsnnshccueeeernnat(tdirr.aveait.t,isoioanorpsnypoolrfoef vxPPeilmFFO(OaFSStiegliiyunnr1effo0o5uu)tr.ross1ppT0eeh0cceiiteeiamssveooefsfraffhiisgisghehhccceooorln)lllceteehccntatteenrddatthIinniooSSsneeecocftintiioPoSnnFe44cStieeoxxinnccseewee1h,ddee2iddabnttahhdsees,322. 0010A06v0nneggnr//aggg/ggffeiisshh wwotifsaassPsuFebbOeealSlodowviwnisttfohhireosyhwffiliseeshvhreettligis(srsFseuuigaeetuaaerdedrvv5itis)sh.ooarrnyyTthcch oeonncafcevsenehtnrrtatariagtsitesioouncne.o.andcFFveooirnsr toaarrlalllytissolppeneevcecoilifeeisPsn,,FS99Oe00cSt"thiippnoeenwrr4cch,eeitnwnethtillebeearsccesooa,nnscc1eie6nnn0ttrrnaagtt/iigoo,nnss Sections of PFOS Sections 1,2.2nd 3, in fish were 1, 2 and 3, all 90 percentie greater than the all 90th percentile values were below fish tissue advisory values were below the advisory level level in Section 4, the advisory level (Figure 6) whereas in (Figure 6). eWWilteithvhiainnteSSdeeccctotniioconenn44t,,raddtaaittoaanrrseeovvfiieePwwFOiinSndd.iiccaaOttenelssytth3aa6tt7%titioissfptpohosessssiibballmeepltthheaadtt fooinnslhlyy(aa27ssuuobfbss7ee5t)t ooeffxffciiseshhedeeexxdhiisbtthite 200 ennsiglgem//ivgglaafftriiessdhoh ttctiisohssnasutcueeeofnaatSddrevavcitiisstooionrorsyynsolleef1vv,ePel2.Fl.OaTTnShhd.ee3O,rrenewmmliyahai3inn6ad%dneerarovoofefftrhttahehgeeseffaiicsmsohhnpceeleexxdnhhtiifrbbisaiithteeiddo(2ncc7ooonfoncfc7ee75nn5in)trrgaae/ttxgiioco(ennsesstdoaoefnfddPPatrFFhdOeOSS200 dsdFeiiemvgviuiialaratteriioot5nonoatonfhfda44t44loarfnnggSeg/egrcaaatinnongddnesmmoe1fe,ddvi2aiaalannunedoosff3f66,o55rwSnnitgegh/c/ggi)ai.)n.onaTTv4hheeeirashhghiigegshhucgsosgttnaeacnnseddtnaattrrrhdadattiddoetenvwvioioaaftptii7ooo5pnnussnlagsst/hhgiooow(wnssnntaoiinfnndfttaihhsreehd cwcihhtaahrrittniinn `oSFSnieegeccuttripioeoonnp5u44laawwntedierorleenarossgfaaemmipsrplahelnedwgd:ie:thooonnfaevemappuluoocpephusulllafaototriwiooeSnnreeoocfxftipofiiosnsshh4uwwrfieiitsthhhsiaasmiugglrgraeegraaet0tsllytyttheehallateeotvvtaawtteioesddhpeeoixxpnppuSooleasscutuitorrieenosnttosoofPP1,fFFi2sOhaSSwnaaidtnnh3ddi.n one population of fish with a much lower exposure similar to that of fish in Sections 1, 2 and 3. oIIttfssMhheootuurlloddbWbeeTnnooPtteedd(Sttehhcaaittioccnoonn3ccefeninsthtrraagtrtiiooounnpssinoogff,PPsFFhOOoSSwniinnnffiisFshihgaaussrecc4loossdeeoaansso2t21ito0nd77icvraitveeerrimmmipilaleeissrmddeoonwwtnnssttrreeaamm AAcoovfvmeeMbrreaiatnggreoeedVaa)nWnaddVreT990P0bt"he(lSppoeeewrcrcct2ieeo0nnn0ttil3l2eegf/ivvsgaa.hlluugeeIrssotuhffopoerrinMccgDoo,nnHsccheefoninwsithrrnaacttioinoonnnsFssuigmooupffrtePPiFo4O)OnSdScroiiitnnneforfiiitssahihnwde((bibrcyyeastseapppeeipmccliiipeeeassdirootmrroeaaslnlelltc.sstppieeocncisieeossf fcPPiooosomhollcb2o2in,,nesaaduss)moopapplreppiooobnsseeealddodwi1tio0s2ott0hrh0yee.neengnUt/tigsirr.ieenttyIgyf toothfhfeePPMolooooDglliHc22,,tfhittshahhlee PcddoaFanttOaasSuiinmnexpSSepteicooctsntiiuoocrnnressitet11or,,iaf22iwsaahennfrddeo33mapwwapoolupuielalddrdintncoouotltsaetrrrciiggtpigogoieennrrstaaooff dfdhiisyisshpccohchtaoahrrengsgseieusmddetephcctarirtoeenPaassFaeedOssvSiwwsiroitterhhyl.eddaiissUsettsadainnnbcgcyeethMffreeiotomlrmoogtthiWhceeWthddTaiisstPccPhhiFaasrrOgngSoeetepproxoeipisnnop,t,osnuffisirsseihhbtlttoieissfsfissuouhreetfvvhroaaelmluhueieagsshpsscauuorppntpipccoeournrlttatrttrhahpeteoiionntsof oohmffyepaPPosFFtuOhOreSSesdiiisnnctffohiisnashchte((nPiitmFmrOppaataSiiirromrmneeselennotaft)s)PeoodFbbsOsbeeSyrrvvMieeneddftiriisonnh,W ffiisssuWhhrflii-nnaPcSSeeiescwctantiitoooetnnrr,e44.s.apnTTodhhnisissseibdhhliyeypmpfoeootntrhtheteh(sseSiiesshctiiigssihoccnoocnn3of.fn2iir)crm.emenedtdrabbtyyions measured concentrations of PFOS in fish, surface water, and sediment (Section 3.2). 31.3 3.1.3 MMPPCCAA ((22001100)) DDaattaa AAnnaallyyssiiss AApppprrooaacchh "tTTeaackkhiinnniggcaiilnnlttyoo iccnoovnanslsiiidddeteroraaattviiooennratthgheee tlloohcceaacttioioonnncoeofnftttfrhhaeitisfoisnhhs ttohhfaatPt FeexxOccSeeeeidnd attlhhleePoMMoDDlHH2 faaiddsvvhiisssooarmryypllleeosvv.eel,, Biittaiisss:ed on ttthhehoecemhaaonbbgicooeavvnleeleyoddiiunissvsccauuulsisndsisititooofnno,a,rvtethehvereaaleegunneatttirtirheeneg33ce33o-x-mmnpiocillseeeunrltlereeannttggiootthnhPsooFffoOttfShhPeevFirrOiiavvSecerroinnsshshaouolumlulpPlddloionnoolont2t obbffieesfhttirsreshe,aaattmaeesdpdlceaaosssn.caaeBntarsaetdioonns of PFOS in Pool 2 homogeneous unit of PFOS in Pool 2 fishfor fish are not at evaluating are not at steady state. exposure to steady state. Thero isa large discrepancy PFOS via consumption of fish, There is a large discrepancy between values for as concentrations between values for ProsEmonous Review and Synthesis of Pool 2 PFOS Environmental Data 4 oeof 53 ~eNN YVVi i~RO ONN 22669911..00000077 STATE 01178231 STATE_01178231 Review of PEOS ImpPaimeenpien MrsiHsetiosppoRiiavneCPoucnc2 Review of PFOS Impairment in Mississippi River Pool 2 Prepared for Metropolitan Council `aaSippmooprrlttieioonanvooeffrttahhgeeesSSeetchctatiitooninn44clffuiisdsheh accloommspapamarpreleeddsttoofroiotmeheralrlffifissohhuriinnSeSSceetccittoiinoosnnossf11,,Po22,o, l332aannaddetthsheekerrewememadaiiinndgdeehrrbooyff44.. oSSoueuitmctlltiipeielorressnoao4fvfeeexrxattgrreeemmseetlhlyyathhiiinggchhluPPdFFeOOaSSll tissue concentrations samples from all four tissue concentrations from a portion of Sections of Pool from a portion of the ish obtained from 2 are skewed high by the fish obtained from Section 4. TaTvhheeeraMMgPPeCCbAAy ddsaaptteaaceaasnn,aalldyyssoeenss,a, wwyhhiieicclhdh rcceoopmmrbebsiiennneetddatddiaavtetaavffarrlooummesaalwllliffliishshhwhssiaacmmhppltleeossadffrrroomemsPPsootoohlle22iiminnptaotio2armsseiinnntggllee `caceoovxnenacrcmaeepgrrlnenes,sbtaayhssesssopoPcecoicioaailettese2d,d adwwvoiietthnrhoahttgheeyeieccclooodnnncrsseeuunpmmtrarepatsttiieioononnntaooftfifvrwweifilvrldaefsfluiihssewhhsacctwaearuiutghgdhhwutt hmtthihcrr(hoo2uut2ogg9hhanoodguu/dtgtr;etthhsbeesaPPsthoeoeodololim22n..6pa0FFioromrrsaemnpt les aeiinncxcSaSuemercacptttliieeool,nnystshce11h, ,aPr22,ao,co33tleaa2rnniaddzve4e4h))rauuugmseaedncstoteoonxcepicedoenerstntduritariffteyyiotnPPooofoPoollFr 22fOreSiimsmvhppiawaaiiarrfmtimeseerhnndcttroussnmttsaattuu(um2ss2pb9biyyonnMMg/PaPgc;CCrbAAoasss((2e2t00d11e0o0)n)endd6too0reeessstaynnmoooftptles eaPPocoocoxlul r22a.c.fteoTTlreyhhSiiecsspchataavivrtaeeocrnratae4gg,reeizwerrheeehpprurreemesiasetnenmntaestayxsapboggesrrouoassrness uotoonvvdeePerrrFeeesQsstttSiiimmmvaaaittateeeo.fiosffhMPPcoFForOOneSsSsupeemexxpcppitooifossanuulrryaee,cffroootrrshseaalllathvooefefrePPaonogotoeilrle22ty of cecnogoxn/nccgec)eepnnttttrfhroaaertstiiSeooennvcoaotlfiofunPaPsFF4Oa,OrwSSahininenorffereeiisntsdthmiwwcaaaaytttieebvrreeddoarrfnuummmupnaiindnierSSrmeeecesctnttiiitmoonnaassnted11.,,a22rM,,aoaanrnneoddtsc33poiesims5cpif5a9ic9raannlblggyl/,/gegtho((emmtaaahxxveieimrPmauougmomel oo2ff 113399 a`anSvgveee/cgrrt)aai;oggtneeh4eoo1sff5e22722v4a900lunnengggsl/g/gag. re(AAlmlnteaeomxrtnaiiatnmtedueyimlcy,a,otftitvhh3eee,o6aaf0vv0eeimrrnaapgggaiegeir)m,ccooewnnhncciteecnanhtntrdriaastataiiroloensnonooonfftoPPtcFFocOmOomSSppaaiinrnrafafbrrbeleelssehthowwtaotahttteeehrrePddoPrroouuolmlm2 2iinn aSveecrtiaogneo4fis227490ngn/gg./g (Tmhaexdimatuaminodfi3ca,6te00thnag/ogn),lwyahipcohrtiisoanlosfofnisoht icnoSmepctairaonbl4e etoxhtihbeitPool 2 dcacooovncencurceamengententrrtaao,ttfiiot2ohn2ness9coonfofgnPP/sgFFe.OOqTuSShewwenhchdieiaccsthhaofaainreuedsiiiicnnnaddgtiiectcaahthtetiiavuvetenorooenffplyiirmmeapspaepainoirrtrmmateiloeninntv.te.ofPAAfoisssohlddii2isnsccaSuuvsesescsreteaidodgneiinni4SsSeehexccshttiiisboouinnte55vooafflttuhieisss in dslsueouabbcdusssemeq1q0e:uu2neectn,nottnthbcbeiliooucaasoccinccosuuenmmuqtuluhaleaattntiiacoolennosfffaoaccfPttouooosrrlin((BgB2AAitFFsh))eimaaupnnnaddrierffpieissdrheh asccneoodnnntssanuuteimmvepedptstiPiootononolbccr2eriittaaeedvrriiedoorrnnaeg(s(fesCCeCCfdi)s)htccoataiblslccesuuulpleaarttoiviotaonenlcusstevse inof alhhenuuadmmdasathnnteohhcaeeuaarclrlotteh.nn.tclTTuuhsnhdieeoessnreesthtccaoaonntncdcalillluunssgoiifooofPnnossPoFaalrrO2eeSittseeeccinmhhvnnpiiiraccoaiarlnelllmdyyenffaltlanaawdwleendfd,ae,teeaadsssttthhoeeyybeaarraeeddnnoroettssssuueppdppotoorrttbeeeddbpbyryottthehecetiddvaaettaaof and the current understanding of PFOS environmental fate. 33.22 RMRePevvCiieAewwaoonfdf CCWooennsccetenontntrraSatttiiuoodninsesosoff PPFFOOSS iinn W Waatteerr aanndd SSuurrffaaccee SSeeddiimmeenntt SSaammpplleedd iinn tthhee MPCA and Weston Studies 33.22.11 CCoonncceenntrtraattiioonnssooff PPFFOOSS iinn WWaatteerr aanndd SSuurrffaaccee SSeeddiimmeenntt Although fish sampling locations in the MPCA (2010) study are not sufficiently precise to Aaeevnvltadahlllouuouaratgtseehettdfhihiseemheccnsootrar,rrmeedlplaaalttitniiaogoncnooloolfclfcaecoctointoncencdesenbtniynrtraMatthtPiieooCnnMAssPooaCffnAPPdFF(W2OOe0SsS1t0iion)nnsffitisiushnhddywwiiciaatthrtheeccntoonohnctacesencuntoftrnfriacactetieiinootnnnrtslsaytooipffornePPscFFiosOOfeSSPtoiFinnOwwSaattieenrr wwaaranaetdtee/lroirkraaelsnnyedddtsshimeeeddesiniommtu,eerndcntaet taaaollfooctnnohggleletthchhiteeegdhnnoocbrroytthnhMeecrrePnnnCtssAhihoaoartreneiidloiinonnWeafseooPsfftFSoSenOeccStitniiiodonnincSa44etce((taaitddhojjanaatcc4ceenofnitntshctt.ooen33CtMorManctCCieooonntttsttraaaoggtfeeiPoGGFnrrsOoovvSoefe))in CaPPorFFetOtlaiSSkgeeiilnnyGPPtrhoooeoovllse22oFussarucucrirelffataocycfee(thFsseeeiddghiiuimgmrheee7nnscttoaaannnncddden8ww)ta.raattateAirorvneaasrrreeaogrfreeePllaacFtotOiinvvcSeeellynyintllroSoawweticaaotnninoddsnuiu4nnnisfififusoorhrrmf.macCuuepposssnettcrdreeieanmamtermanototifofantthnhsedeo33fMM wwCraeaostttpeetearrcgtsseiaavmmGelprpylo)leevasesrccFeooal1lcll1eie0lcict.ttye2edd(oFrnnidgeaeuarrrrsettsohhfe7em33aaMnMgdnCCi8oto)t.utttdaaAeggveeheirGGgarhrgoeoervveecthossanhhnocoretreenhloltiirnsaneeetiou((1np10s0stnnirngge/s/aggumr*3f(aaa0c.nne7ddns88ge88ldginnmgagle/nLLndt4*4,,a.n5dnolL rrrpeeaetssstpppeeeercncci:ttviievvtleehylley)y.))c, oaaanrssceessn1hhttroooawwt2nniooiinnrndsFFeiiringgsuusorreeefdssmim77aegaanntnnidtaud8n8d.d.e wTThahhitgeeehreuuprpupptpheesarrtnrrraetahnanomggseeoessfouo3fpfMtsthhteCreeoatvvmtaaalluug(ee0ess.G7aarnllossgvoo/egrree(affSnlleeedcccttt4i.tho5hinisssng1/,L, 2,3:3nd pattern: 2, 3 and a poron of 4) range the concentrations in a portion of 4) range from < 0.251013 ng/g and < sediment and water upstream from < 0.25 to 1.3 ng/g and < 510 10 of 3M 5 to 10 ngIL, respectively, wherezs Cottage Grove (Sections 1, ng/L, respectively, whereas Concentrators of FOS in uk sedmertin hi mai text fis cocument rs expressed ona nanograms PEOS Concentrations of PFOS in bulk sediment in the main text of this document are expressed on a nanograms PFOS Bam Gy wot sediment basis per gram dry weight sediment basis. Concaoif t0aSmtWAoTEnR nthe rain txt of thi documentar expressed on a nanograms FOS por Concentrations of PFS in WATER in the main text of this document are expressed on a nanograms PFS per Tio wor bai liter water basis ProsEmonous Review and Synthesis of Pool 2 PFOS Environmental Data ses 5 of 53 ~eNN YVVi i~RO ONN 22669911..00000088 STATE_01178232 STATE_01178232 Review of PEOS Impraampeantien MoriestieopnoRainveCPonoes2 Review of PFOS Impairment in Mississippi River Pool 2 Prepared for Metropolitan Council ccnoogn/ncgceeanntntrdraat5tii3oo0nnssniLinn,sseercdeisimpmeeecntntitvaaelnnydd. water water along along the the 3M 3M Caltage Cottage Grove Grove shoreline shoreline are are as as high high as as 220 220 ng/g and 530 ng/L, respectively. 3TThhMeeCccooot--tllaoogcceaattGiioornnovoofef hhiiinggdhhicccaootnnecsceensnitgtrrnaaitftiiioocnannsst oolffo cPPaFFl OOcoSSn tiinin bssuuutrriffoaanccsee ossfeePddiFimmOeeSnntttoaannPddoowwlaa2t.teerrSiinon iSSeecactntiidoonn 4 4 with with Q3gsreMrovoeuuCrnnaoddltwwtaaoartgtdeeeerrrGasairtoo33fvMeMmaiCCngodnotiitctttaaaugtgedeeesGGshriirgoognvvhieeefircaaatrrheneatccnlooocncnotatnaalcmmceioninntnaarttratieetbdiduotwwnioisitnthhosbPPosFFfeOrOPvSSFedttoSoincctoooPnnoPcceooenont2ltrr2asa.tutirioSfonanoscsilestthhsaaaetntddaairmeeenuutpp 0to asainennvddsuewwbrasaattletaeornr.rt.diaeTTlrshhdeeeotfW Waimelesasatgtnoondnnitucssodttunuedcdihlieeuigssdhe((eW dWretetshhsatattoonngncr22oo00nu00nc77ed,,nw22tar00at00te8i8or,,ni2s2s00ao00b99ps)a)etccrhhvhwaearadrayacicniftoeerPrroiiPzzoeFelddO2StthshueetrrfssaappncasateptioiaasrlletrdrteeiomssooPeloluunotttliioo2nn. wffinraootsmmeurb33siMMtnacnCCrtoeoiaatttlsaaedggeseetuaGGbilrsraotoanvvndeet(c(iFFoaiinlggcuu(lrrrueeedslseatd99ivaatehnnatddot g1s100ra)o).m.ulnCCodoosnwncccaeoentletnlrrteraicastttieiaoodnnpissantoouhffpwsPPatFFyrOOefoaSSrmiiPnanFrssOeuuarSrsffaaticrcnaeeSnsseseecptddoiiirmomtnetesonntt1P,aao2nno,ddl 2 wcaaonnanddtcee44rn))tinaartctartaaeippaoppsnrresooxxsiiniummbPaaostotteealllnyy2tittashhlueleyrfmm(aireciddelpapostoiievinnedttitaamoleloonsnntaggmcttophhnleeecse33nMMctorCalCletooitctottteanadgsgeeiinnGGcrurroopevvsasetereessa1hhmoor2reea7ilrinenneae.gs. iAAn(ttFSihthegiiucssrtieollosoncc9saa)tt1iioa,onnn2,,d, 3 CccboooontnnchcceeefnnntattrrraaactttieiiooonnnssssediiinnnimPPPeooonoootlll a222nsssduuurrrwfffaaaacccteeeewwsaaeartdeteeimrsrleiiennnvcctarrteceeoaadnsseceferttnooomtr11at77th2i2io.s.n55psnnogigrnl/tcLLrpe((rFaFoisigcgeeuuerrtoedei211n070g).).ndgoCC/wgoonnn(scFcieienrgtneurtarraeamtstiio9on)nssaniinnd ab((eneoaathassrttwsewuaaarrrfocdaf))cuesanllcosooennndggtirmttohhleeelne33tdMMagnrCCdooouwttnttaadatgwgeeaertGaGerrrreoomvveoeelevsvsehahomtoreeredenliltifnnreoef.mr. omTTthhhbiisisesnpaaeorraeientaaht wpw3raaoMssceCnneoootdttetienaddggbbedyyGoW Wrweonevsssetttrooennnatmo((22P00o00o77l)) 2aass and representas significant environmental pathway of 3M Cotiage Grove an area of uncontrolled groundwater movement from beneath 3M Cottage and represents a significant environmental pathway of 3M Cottage Grove PFOS [0 Pool 2. Grove into Pool PFOS to Pool 2. 2 T`TChhoeevepprareenssdeenSneccceetooifofneell4eevvoaafttePeoddolccoo2nnccreeenntvtreraaattliaioosnnsssioogfnfiPPfiFFcOaOnSSt eiinnnvssieerddoiinmmmeeennntttaaalnnpddawwtahatwteearrynnoeefaa3rrMhtheeConnteetxxauugsse ooGffroEEavasestt CCPPoFFotvOteaSSgaettnoodGPPrSooooeovlclet22i.om. naAAy4MMhoPafPvCPCeoAAorle((2l220e0r00ae6s6v)e)edssaattluspudpdayryoseexissgittnmiimaimftiaacetatleenyddt5tet0hhn,aav0tti0rooo0vvneIemrbrseaaynepptaaeelrrriipoooadfdthPoowFff Cassseeytvvoeeorfraa3PllModdoeelCcco2aa,tddtwaeeigsst,e,h3GrMercoevnet 3eCessMottti'itmamagaEteateesssGt r((Coccoiivrrvecceaam22(aa00y00s86mh)a)alvooleffw33ra,e,5t5lee00ar00sbbIeobsddsiy/yyaeoepanaprrr'~3o..MximFFpoorarroteepelxexyara5mymp0tpl,h0leea0,t,0ccrooIabnnisccn/eyesnenttatrorraaPtotioifooonPnlsFs2Coo)fsfaPPrtoeFFOuOPpSoSofiilonn25ww,,awa5tt0ieet0hrr hiriniengcheenrt tt3PhhMFaanO'nsSaaEvviaeensrrstaauCggreeofvaccecooenn(scaceeesndnmiitrrmaaaeltliniowotnniassnteii3nrnb'wwosadatyteEeraorsnuutpp3CssMtotrrvepeearaommapreooefrftuyM3pMthtaoCCta1old,tttr6aaa0gig0neestGGitromroeovPsveoe.ho.ilgAA2hl)elssraoo,tr,ehcceouonnpncactevoenent5rrtr,aa6agt0tieio0onnhssigoohffer cccPoooFnnnctceiSennntuitrnerasastttuiiooornfnbasseceiinan ssseeuucdrreiffmapaccteeeanctssieeinddfii3ommrMee3'nsntMtEuuCappossstttttrCraeegoaaevmmeGoorafofrev33eMMu'psCCtoNootPttt1Daa,Eg6gSee0:0GGprtreiomorvvmeeei.s.ttheEEigdaahssdtetirCCstcohohvavaeenrghhaeaavsssefrbbareegoemeennthaaenndd cppPololaaonnnltittn'2ssuw(weWasaesssttotteeowbwnae,attaee2rr0re0ttrc7ree)eapatttmamceelnnett and cooing water system, with iret discharge to Section for 3M Cottage Grove's NPDES-permitted discharges from and cooling water system, with direct discharge to Section 4 ofthe 4 of Pool 2 (Weston, 2007). dTTohhweeniisnntfflruleueeannmcceesaoomf p33fMlMe CCcoootltlttaeacggteeioGGnrrsootvvateeioPPnFsOOoSSr sssuooruufrraccceeess saaeppdppieemaaerrnsstttaoneedxxtwteeanntdderttooinaatPtloleeoalass2tt,tthlheoecffaaatrrettdhheesstt adaupopppswprtrnoorsxxetiiarmmemaaatfmterelolysyma11Lm..o55pclmmkeiilalceenossdlleddDcootauwionmnnssNitsrrtueaeamtaimombneoosffr2fttohh(reetshnnueeerdfxxaouucwssenoossffteErEdaeiamsastmteCnCbtoooavuvneenddaaawnnrddayttteohhfreePinoMMioPislsossio2i)ssl.ss2ii,ppApploisicaRRamitivvpeeeldrre,, just just CccuoooplnlsllceteerccenttateermddataaftirtooaanmslloooLccfoaactPtiikoFonnaOnaSadpppipDnrroaowxmaxitimmeNaratuteamelnlybyde11rs,,e525d00(i00tmheffeeeneedttto9ddw-oo2nww2snntrtsseittamrremeeasambhmioogoufhfnettdhrhaeetrhynnaeeonxxfauuPvssoeoeerxlxahh2gii)ebb.iiuttAepedsdstarmeapmle Scccoaoonmnncpcceelennetnrsttrraaactttoiiioloolnnnesssc,,toeaafdnnPddnFiiOntnhddSeiicciianamttewmesseadteeeillearetvvaaeanttdveeiddcsielnleiedtvviymeeolltsesnhootffe9PP-23FF2OMOStSiCmoeeetxxtsttaeehgnnieddgiihGnnerggrobbvtheeeayynsoohnnoadrdveeltthirhaneeeg.ccelluuuAsspvtteseertrrreooafafgmeWWeessttoonn C`scoGaonomncwcepnenlsentistrrraaacttaoiimololnenosscftooe3ffdMPPinCFFoOOtthSSteaiiginmnessmGuurerrffodaavicaceetee(ssaveepicddpiiirnmmoitexeyinnmtotafaattnnehlddeyww31aMa.tt5eeCrmroissetaatsamm)gppelwleeeGssrreoccvoo4ell.lei9scchnttegoe/drdeglmmianuuneccd.hh2Aff7avarrenttohrhlaeeLgrr,e approximately 7 imes higher han downstream of 3M Cottage Grove approximately 7 times higher than average values (approximately average values observed 1.5 miles) observed upstream of 3M Cottage Grove were 4.9 ng/g and 27 ng/L, upstream of 3M Cottage Grove + CIlnccsoantnaosnt'shboesseadmeonavpresmuggeWsteed MPeEtG WcWhTaPmscdcutetad or 12 Rye Sicharge, sinough he 5 In contrast, the same report suggested Metro VVWTP accounted for 123 Ibs/year discharge, although the calculation is based on extremely limited PFC chemistry data. ProEs mmerson Review and Synthesis of Pool 2 PFOS Environmental Data o6oorf 53 ~ENN VV Ii R~ OONN 22669911.00000099 STATE_01178233 STATE_01178233 Revi of PROS impFarorsttend MloritsesigvorCPo2u0nc2 Review of PFOS Impairment in Mississippi River Pool 2 Prepared for Metropolitan Council (Figures 7and 8). Concentrations of PFOS in surface sediment just upsiream of Lock and Dam (Figures 7 and 8). Concentrations of PFOS in surface sediment just upstream of Lock and Dam Number 2 (Figure 7) range from 0.610 2 ng, Sigh higher than the range of values for Number 2 (Figure 7) range from 0.6 to 2.6 ng/g, slightly higher than the range of values for ssaammpplleess uuppssttrreeaamm ooff CCoottttaaggee GGrroovvee ((<< 00..2255 ttoo 11..33 nngg//gg).). CCoonncceenntrtraattiioonnss iinn wwaatteerraarree sslliigghhttllyy eelleevvaatteedd aass wweellll,, aass sshhoowwnn bbyy aa ssaammppllee rreeppoorrttiinngg aa ccoonncceennttrraattiioonn ooff 1100 nngg//LL. ((FFiigguurree 88)) iinn tthhee. MMPPCCAA ((22001100)) ssttuuddyy.. TThhee rreemmaaiinniinngg ffiivvee ssaammpplleess hhaadd hhiigghheerr ddeetteeccttiioonn lliimmiittss ((5500 nngg//LL),), yyiieellddiinngg inconcusive results inconclusive results. ChCoeonnchceiengtnhrtracatotinioocnnesnstoorfaftPPiFFonOsSSofiinnPwwFaaOlteeSrriaannnsddedssieemddeiimnmteennattnidinndwdiacitacetrae otthhbaastterMMveeettdrrooinWWSVTeVcTtPiPoniis4.nnootCtorrneecsseppnootnnrsasititbiiloeensffo.orr the high concentrations of PFOS in sediment and water observed in Section 4. Concentrations iinn wwaatteerr 22--77 mmiilleess ddoowwnnssttrreeaamm ooff MMeettrroo WVWWVTTPP rraannggee ffrroomm 88 ttoo 1100 nnggtL((FFiigguurree44),), wwhhiicchh iiss. sshshuuiuifggggfhhgigeeceerirssettntthssthaatttnnhohaarrrtteeesssMMuuuelleltttttsrsrnoouuaW pWpsssWtTtriregTePahPamtomeoroolrfefaavMMnnaeotoettitthrhoroenoeorrooffssfoot<<uuhe5r5rcccnneeoggnoo//cfLLfePPn((FFtFFriiOOggauSuStrrieeommssnaa2o2yyfaabbPnneeFddrrOe33e)S)ll.e.eaianTTsshihiPninissgog lppPPaaFF2tttOtwOeeaSSrrtnnemmroo.afarfsesrsseTsuhsalaiutstltstas.siarragahttete ceseluoleefnvvfciaacetiteiinoontnntrotoafoftriPPeoFFsonOuOfslSSt PiniiFnnaOPPSsoooloiigllnh22wtwaweatlaetetvreearrftuiaaorpptnphpeeoerafadrtrhsosewttnoocsobbineerceleloaonccmtaarlalaiiztrizeoeedndbtetooolfotiPhw'FissdOptpoSreotcriitntiooonPnnooofomfl iPP2ootwoolal(t<22e,5,rn.2ao5slTLh.isisnlight cuPuoppFnppOeceSrer nSScteorecancttctiiioeoonnnntsr44a,o,tfaaiPssonFsssOhhoSoobwwsinnnerwiinvnaeFFtdeiiggr2uu-furr7eertmh5i)e).l.resdTTodhhwoeewsnsnesestrcdteaaiatteamaaiimnanddroeiifccabMatteeeetloraawottteeWdnneuuTtaeatctPiitooionnntoooflflimtethhviteeslSs(<lbiige5hgltonhlywg/eetLllheeeinvvaatteedd addPeteFtetOeenccSuttaiioctononendlmicmvieitinttth((r<a<st55itoagnnnsg)/cLo.e)b.sdeToTrhwhvunuesssd,t, r2tthe-h7eaemmdd,aailateaasssiindundomdiwiiccnanagtsettritttehhcaaaomttmPpPorRFfiOOMsSSeedtrrraeoelleoVearaWssteVeoddTnPffrrootfoommtlheMMeveeewtltasrrtoobeWWerloW sTwaTmPtPphlees bearing detectable concentrations of PFOS. The orofdmagenitrude higher concentration of attenuated with distance downstream, assuming it comprised a portion of the water samples bearing detectable concentrations of PFOS. The order of magnitude higher concentration of Figure 10) are not atinbutabl to Vielro WWTP. PPFFOOSS iinn wwaatteerr oobbsseerrvveedd iinn mmiiddddllee aanndd lloowweerr ppoorrttiioonnss ooff SSeeccttiioonn 44 ((ee..gg..,, aass hhiigghh aass 553300 nngg//LL., Figure 10) are not attributable to Metro WVVTP. AAslalttmhhpooluueggshhassleesddoiimimneednintctatdteaattahaaatrreeclmmeovorarteeeldliimmliiotteveded,s, ccooofnnPcceFenOnttrSraatitiinooSnnessctoofifoPPnFF4OOsSSuriinfnaPPcoeooolsle22dissmuuerrnffataccaeeesseenddoiitmmeenntt asastaettimdribibpumulteetaansbtbialevelsiaottotihnMMeedetisctrreaoottteWWintTVhga{PIot-u.Pet.leofvLItWasitsWedppToolsePsssviieebbfllslfeeloutthefhnaaPtttFsMMOueeSsttprriooennPPSdFFeeOcdOtSSisonoccloo4nnssttrcuiiborbfunautteceaesisntstiooengdtthhiPmeeFePPOnFSFt,OaSSraesiinnnwoePPtlooloolals22 ttshhheoeewdeippmvaaererrttni,tttiaoovnniiaicnnotggnhceooeffnstPPertFFatlOOtiniSSgonfforrrouoamtmdoifMMeW enetttWrroowToWVPuAlVeNdVfTTfblPuPeeeeonfbftffsllsueuueresvnnpettdett,onodswseeeidddhiimsmseoenelitndd.tsm. ecIfnof tnthstainseinawwirneeegrrseetPooFMccOecculSuro,rrriWiannsggW.,wTePll as 1eehx0xohhowicibebicvituteiirnnrg,gbaecccoocnanocucnesecnentetrnsraaturttasiiotpoinonessnndttghehraadattdsraioereenltsggwrrweeoaoaututleedlrrdbtthtehaeaonnndbsssfeeeocdrvdiimemedepen,ontwstssiitdhdnooeswwenandsrstimterreoereaanmtmth.n.eeMTTaehhrtieisrssotwwMWooueuWltldrTdoPbbVeeVdeeWixxsTppcPeehcactrteegdde htppoooeiinontoc.tu.ctufAAarlllssblooeb,,ceaPPcuRFasuOOesSSesurrtesehlpleeeeahansisdegeedhddeisinnstottchlhoiedenscwweawantotteerurraldtcciootoellunnusmdmnontfowwPodoFueuOiplddSostteiitennnndseutfraoofreappcraaetrrotwtitaitihotoenenrMttowoeosstureeoldddiiWmmoVeecnVcntuTtssrPccidlnlooistsscheeherrattrooge eatehrffefefluuoleeounnctttfaia-trlvielvedbererncmmatiihuxxeisinnelggotwhzzeoeonrneheo.i.grhtTTeohhsneet connofeenaSacrereeecsntstittrosasnuutir3orff,naasc1ce1eo-fss1eeP3ddFmiiOmmieSeensntitndssosaauwmmrnpfpsalliceeressewddaoaomowtwenfnrsswMttarroeteuatalomdmWooocfWfcMMTuerePtitrnr(oot2hVWeIWNVT]PP are located in the ffaarrtthheesstt uuppssttrreeaamm lower portion of ssaammpplleess sshhoowwnn SinecFtiiogunre3,7)1. 1-C1o3ncmeinletsradtoiownnsstirnetahmesoefsMaemtprloeWs WarTePlo(w2er in Figure 7). Concentrations in these samples are lower ((<< 0gtt0hrh..e2ae2d55uuiappeanpnnpdtede0rpr0.rpp.e5o5osrretnntiinggoot//nnggi))nooftftthhSShaaeeennsccessttiaoaismmnaopmnp44lpleeulusseppsssffatarr(rreett0haha.eemm3rr0ddoofoof1ww.336nMMnsNsttCCgrroeoe)tatattmamatoghgaeoeftfGGwMMroeroeoutvtvlreredo.o. W sWTTuWWhhpTeeplPr-roPe,er,siatswwhhnncioiooccnhhcccoolwwnunecescerireneeontncrtcroatoaltaltlliietoeocncnMtteeedtdriionn VWgMerA~atVFdrIIio-ePPnWtiissTparaePsssoeoruunerrtcpcienreetooshrreenccstaaeueusdssaaaatmtiisvvpieeglenffisaafcci(ttc0ooa.rnr3tiintnsooSSu1eer.6ccctteinoigtnoo/g4n4s)eiitmdhmipapmataiewirnrmmoteuennltnd.tt.shuiTTsphhapaaroettrast,is,a, ciicffoonPPncFFecOnlOutSSsriaorrteneilloetenhaasassteienddMteffhritoeroomm Mubuppeepcpteraeorur sVppeooWrrstVtiiooTomnnPeoorfeaf tpSStreeeeccnstuteiiaoontnntieo44dnwwoawoousuuliglldddnbibbfieeecaeleensxstsspseottchuhtaarecnndeccbtoooennctsceweenednteitrmrnaatettiinhootennsissneiitnlnhoittcshhaeteairooleonwasw.,eercroAppdnoodctrietiiinoootnnnroaaoftlifoySS.neesctchtitneiootonnhvee33rall because some attenuation would be expected between these locations. Additionally, the overall rllr(oaFoawniwnggeegureerortteofhhf9aaa)anln,lllwttohofhietefcthcchhoeoennacllcroeoeewnwntaeetrrsrraaSStiteiiegococnhtntsisioaooonsnff233PP2aFaF0nnOOddnSSguui.ippnnppsseeeeIrrtddSSsiimemecnecetontntiitootvnnaaaldd44ijjdaasscctaaeoemmnnaptptllitteeoossothh((ea<<e 00.332t5.MhMt2e5CCeotoxootttttr11aa.e.g66gmeeennlggGGy//rgrghoo))iivvgiseeshmmsshhuuooccrrhehelliinnee (Figure 9), which are as high as 220 ng/g. It is not valid to attribute the extremely high ProsEmonous Review and Synthesis of Pool 2 PFOS Environmental Data r7e of 53 ENVIRON ~ N V i ~ O N 22669911..00001100 STATE 01178234 STATE_01178234 Review of PEOS Impraampeantien MoriestieopnoRainveCPonoes2 Review of PFOS Impairment in Mississippi River Pool 2 Prepared for Metropolitan Council concentrations in the 3M Cottage Grove shoreline sediment 0 Metro WWTP since hese sediments exhibit concentrations that are much higher thn sediments loser to Metro WWTP. concentrations in the 3M Cottage Grove shoreline sediment to Metro WVVi-P since these sediments exhibit concentrations that are much higher than sediments closer to Metro WWl-P. AAMdeddtdriitotiooWnnaWalllTy,,Ptthhiee rrraeafnniggeeecotofifvccooofntnchceeentnrrtraaatntigiooenonssfcoofofnPPcFFenOOtSSraiitnniPoPonoosollof22 PsseFedcOimmSeeinnnttseoodbbsisemerervvneetddthddaootwwmnnassyitrrebeaeamr of of acaMotttenrrctibrbeuountttVaarWbbaltlVeeiTottPnoo oiaasfmmbr0ebi.fie8elen4ntct,(t,i0vnn.eo5o8non)-f-ppgtoho/ieinngttraiwwnnaagstteeeedrrosisfhmhceeeonddtnPPcfeFFrnOoOtmrSSastsstioooounurrsrmccweoeasfs.t.PerFMMOcPPoSCCleiAAncisoooebbndsseiemprrovveneendddtstaahinnantaathmvveeearryaaggbeee ((SSDD)) cMM(ioMinnnPncnCeeeaAnpa-otpCrloairltsaiis/on/SnSet.to.&fPP0Haa.eu8unl4lnmme(e0set.,5trr8oo2)p0p1oon0llg)itt./aganniTnaahrrseeeeasad,,eimwwsiiettthonhrtssmfaarwommamptpleliirsnntgpogorlmlnoodccwsaaattitrioeoenrncsseciowwvlelieithcanitnitottnohherepomPPnotodooelslr22infwwtrhaaotetmeerrasshwheieddde vcv(MaoarnrPicieeeCttnyyAtr-ooCafftriiiannonddnueussst&utrrfiifaaHillecaainennnnddtesnon,oo2nrnev0-sni1nuc0ldut)u.sistnTtrrthiiahlelesssaeoocuuscrrtuoccmereumsslwaaatnaniddtoenriinnpoddfoiiccnPaadRttseeOrPPSeFFciOeOniSSvseeiicssaippmsrreteeonssrtemenanwttt aciinntoenssrcttfoaorornrmtmmawwtaaaittoweenrirdsaaetatsaa `chiSoiggenchhctieaaonssntraa4apptpspiorernoomspxsiilmumeafasftictae(ile<lyyn0t11.t--2o225r1nneg0gls/gu1g.l.6t iTTnnhhgtu/uhsgse),, aatthcrheceeucscmioomnuniclclaeaentrintottrnroaattotihifoaonPtnssFoObtthshSeeerillnovowewsdeeerdriniSSmetececetntiitosotannot 33rcmoaawnnnacddteeuUnrpptrpppaeoetirnrodns as Sseedcitmioennt4, siandmipcaletisng(<th0a.t25PFtoO1S.6inntgi/gs)laorceatsiiomn irlaerprtoestehnattsobPsFeOrvSedasisnocthieatsetdorwmiwhawtaetreprosnhded sources. sediment, sources. indicating that PFOS in this location represents PFOS associated with watershed 4IIn,n aaPdFcdOiotSionndatttooatthnheesaahbbssaeennndcceewaooftfeMMreetitnrrdooiVcWaVWtWeTsTPMPecctoornonttrWriibWbuuTttiioPonnssdottoeostthhneeotiimmcppaaauiisrmmeeeinnmtpt acoibbrssmeeerrnvvteeddiniintnhSSeeeccttiioonn d4nn,ieesaaPcrrFueeOssststSeffidisdshahintaaaSnneiddnctwwfiiasaothnteear3rn.ss1daa.1mwmpa2pltnlieidnnrggsinhllodoociccwaaantttiioeionsnnssFMi22egu0ttorroe77V4m,mWiicVleeoIs-snPcddedoonowwtenrnssasLttnrrioeeotanacmmaofuoosPffeFMMieOemrStrpooaIniWVrfAmWiVseVThnTPttP.hi.insAAtahssreea ad((SSniseedcccutstiiseoosdnneid33m))einnaatrrSeeuebbnceetkilolnoonwowu3ll.nee1vv.d1eeullssaenaaodsssssolohacccoiikaawttoneefddisnwwaimFittpihhglueiimrsmep)pa4aai,irrrcmmeoeelnntnec.tae. rnCyCtroaobntneicocleneonsnwitroreaafvtiPieooFnnlOssroSoefqfinuwwiafartiseteedhrrtt(h(o88iscttaooaur11se00ea nnggilLL)) ealnedvasteeddimcoenncte(nutnrkatnioownns odfuePFtoOSlacikn fishof samples) are clearly below levels required to cause elevated concentrations of PFOS in fish. 322 3.2.2 SFSpipasathtiiaall RReellaattiioonnsshhiippss bbeettwweeeenn PPFFOOSS iinn WWaatteerr aanndd SSuurrffaaccee SSeeddiimmeenntt ttoo PPFFOOSS iinn ElevateFdicsohncentrations of PFOS in sediment and water in portion of Section 4 are likely to SrrEeeelsedsuvitlamtteieinnndtacahhoniingdgchhweeeanrrttrlleoaorctciaaionllniiztszehedoedsfeeePxxFapprOooessSauusrrineeexsoopeffldaPPiimFFnOOehSnSitgtthaooenrffdiisschhwo..nactQQeenurutaairnilalitataaittpoivvoneesrtlyyioo,,fnhhPioigFgfhhOSeeSerrcccitnooionnanccepe4nontratrtrraiaeottniiloiokonnfessltynhinteo `SsSSueeerdccfittmaiiocoenenns44teafidinssihdhmewssnaaatmmtpealprneledsins.w.tahtTTeehhsreeecassopprmeaartatieisaasllpeoccxnoop-d-laooviccnicctuuhhrrirgrtehheneneccroeebcsoooefnfrceevlelaeentvvitaraoattneteidodtnhccsaoonnocccfoeenPncntFetrOrnaattStriioaoitnnnissoanoopsffoPoPrftFFioPOOnFSSoOiifSnnthien tspphouoerrrtftsaiiotocnnuedoosyffeSSdeeimcctteiiononnt 4 fish are and water 4 fish are an order of correspond an order of magnitude higher than the majority of fish sampled in with the observation that concentrations of PFOS in a magnitude higher than the majority of fish sampled in the study. TeTihhtheeerss.ppaa1t)tiiaafllisaahnncddaussgtaahtttsisiitcincaSalel cpptaaittottenerrsnn1oo,ff2ffiiasshnh,dss3eeddairimmeeelnntot,w,eaarnnbddewwcaaatuteesrrePPtFFheOOiSSspddaaatttiaaalccaaannngbbeeeseexoxfppllmaaoiinvneeeddmebbyynt e((ihnihtohSomeemcree:tir1roaa)nnnfsiggseeh1s,s)c)2adduaoogndnhnoot3ttiniiinnnScccelllucuuddtdieeoenaassrroeem1aa,ess2ofoifafsnheedllteeh3vvaaatattremeeddalyoPPwFFheOaOrvSSebeeebxcxoappeouonsssueuerrxteehpeoiinnisreSSsedepccafttotiiioaoSnnlecr44at;;niooogrnre22s4)),offbfiisusmhth occvaaeuumgghhettnt CScinootnSnucceyeecnsnttietrocranattistiiooon1nsn,.ss2ooafEfinPPtdhFFe3OOrSSipnochhslsuaaidvvbeeeildsdtyeoe.cmcrroeeeraafaissseechdodmthffboaoillntlolamowtwiaiinoyngng,httahihveeeiprrobsmmesoieovbnvleeeem.mxeepnFnototsretodetxththaoempSllleeeessc,sstiocconoounnr4tt,aaombmfiutihnnt aattfeeiddve Sssstttmuuuadddliiyeesshseoffciimstshiehonssrsppa.eenccgiEieeeisssth,,(ef~frrr3epe0ssoh--hswwsSaiab0ttie0elirtrymdre, rtuouemrmr,sa,';cbboiluMumeeigbgniiisnlll,asstuui1onn9fnf9ii,s5s;ihhs,,Ppssaomrmsraa,slillbl2mm0leo0o.u2ut;tFhhJobobranaesesxsssamaaannnpdddlec,cSatafurorappurrthh,oaafv2v0teeh08err)ee;lfliaavtteiivveellyy snnPemeFaaaOrrlllSlyyhasaolollmufireisschhreasssnaawgimmetpsphlile(en~ddt3hww0aitit-thhsii9tnn0u0deeyaamccshehectetooirffsottn2h.h;eeMMFMionPPrnCCse,AAx1a((9m229l0051e1;00,)P) assrtitruu,dde2yyx0tss0ree2ecc;mttJeiioolonynnsseuswwileeakrrneeedlyeliSkglteuiylvyaereetn,xxt2pph0ooe0sss8eep)dda;ttliooel ssSPcecFcaatlleieSsosnsaaos4ssusioroncccceiilaasuttdeweeddisthwwtiinhittehhthsttahthrteeestaatcubbhdoooyvvfeesSeeeecsscttttiioiimnmoaan. tte2eFsscoortthnhetatxataittmnhhieepnlgmme,otohvivteeeismMmeeeetnxnrttotrerrWmaanWnegglTyeePuoonffdtlthiihkseeclyhffiiasgsrhhigvsseeaanlmmotpchplaeleetoddsnp,iianntial Section 4 includes the stretch of Section 2 containing the Metro VWVTP discharge location, ProsEmonous Review and Synthesis of Pool 2 PFOS Environmental Data ses 8 of 53 ~ENN VV Ii R~ OONN 22669911..00001111 STATE_01178235 STATE_01178235 Review of PEOS Impraampeantien MoriestieopnoRainveCPonoes2 Review of PFOS Impairment in Mississippi River Pool 2 Prepared for Metropolitan Council approximately 26,000meters (approxmately 16 miles) upstream. Concentrations of PFOS in approximately 24,000 meters (approximately 16 miles) upstream. Concentrations of PFOS in 2mo0s1t0)fisshtreyflescetciloocnasl. PFOS exposures on a spatial scale much smaller than that of the MPCA most fish reflect local PFOS exposures on a spatial scale much smaller than that of the MPCA (2010) study sections. IPInnFccOoonSntrtreaasxstp,to, swwuhhriietteeinbbaawshsisstmmeaabyaysmmsoocvvoeeulaadssbeafardreaarsi4v4e00dfriifvveoerrmmmimilloeersse((Mtohroagrngaanon,n,e22s000t06u6)d,)y, ssseuucggtggieoesnsttaiincngrgottshhsaattthe 33- mmbPiaFillseOssSlleeexnnehggxittbphhiotoosfhuf rePPeoolooinellaw2s2.t.hviTTtaehrhieebaatddisaaostntaacaoccnuoolrrdrrmoobobbesootrrdaaecttoreeimvtptehaidisrsafrphbooyimtpihotmeythsoaeirsmseios,t,nhagaassntccohoonnnefccoeseunrtntutsrdrataytutiidsooyenncsssteiooocftnfiPPoaFnFcsOrOo(SSsFsiiingthuwwrehehis3itt3ee- 2S2b.e-a66c)st.)s.ioeTTnxhshheeiibsddiotiifnftfhefyerreetlnwenocca-eesfotiilnvnda,tthrhieiaentdlilooionwcwaeetassintntdgaamannddoelshhaititggcihhoveemesstpat amaarovvaeuebrrniaaltiggtyeoefacchmooonnocmcneoegngntettrhrnaaetetiifloooynnussrinaasttmmuhodoenyneggsxeptthchoeetsioussnrttuseuddo(yyFf iwghuirtees csbbeoaacsnstsscioettnonostPPrisFFaOOtoinSSolyoininnftswPPPoooo-FofloOl l22Sd.., iinIInnndfccricooeasmmthpinpwagaartiriaessroornedn,l,rauttthhimvee(ddSaieifmfcfeteoirruoeennnn2tcce)aofbbihsaeott1wmw5eeomeegnneetntshheeitlyollowoinwewreethssttethaaaenvvxeeptrrohaasaggueeorfe of white tre `camaovovenserctraeagsgneeetrnaccsotoeinoncfnceosernntoatrfnraayPttiiFooofQnntSiihnneinSSseefpcrceettcsiiioohennws44a.s.teaAAmr pdsslriiuemmmdpplble(eySaaeMvvcPeetirCroaaAngg;ii2nn)hggoiswoofef1va5aelllrti.mPPooeotoshllel22ovwwwhiehiritttetehabbonaafssttsshhiammstaaaokpkfepethsrsoettahhceeh tmrreheomamsnaatitisnnhessonsuusenneccinflioecaratrrahneggriyivvSeoeenfnctitthhiheoaatntsscpc,ooensnccuiceegensgntestrsraatatmitiinopognnlesstdhooafblfyPPaFMFpOOoPsSSCsiAiibnn;lwwehhohlwiiotceteavlbbeiaarzs,sessdthieiennlevSSveaeaclcittdteiiiodtoynnPo44Ff OwtwheSeisrreeeaxpsspitpoillrlsouhhariicggehhheerr within Section 4 couldbo elevating concentrations in a porion of te Section 4 white bass. than those in other Sections, suggesting that a possible localized elevated PFQS exposure within Section 4 could be elevating concentrations in a portion of the Section 4 white bass. FlFoiicssahhl mmfioosvhveepmmoepeunnitattiisiovvnaasroriiafabblileneeraaennsddt.ssiittFeeo--ssrppeeecxciafifimiccp,,leaa,nnddaiisstbbueedsysttcqqouunaadnnutitcifftiieeeddd ibbnyyMiiinnsddsioviuiddruuiaalsltssrtteuuaddmiieesssbooynnFttuhhreek l((mo11c99ai55l77of)l)isrrrhmeeeovvpeerosaaeplleueddldauttrtihohiaanntgtsaaaoppfpppriernorotxiexoirimdmeoasaftt.teeallFyypophhrraaloelffxxaioommffaaaptlsseeaa,lmmyapplsyleeteuadpproyoppcuIuolflaanatdtmiiouoincnnteioofdmf u11in11m MffarrneiesnsssuhhoawwulaartimteesorrtvrrdeeraumumemmnstmmboyrovavFeneugddnek11o00f fm10r0ielemsmshiiwlloeasrstemiirssodaarerssussdumuummrwieenoddguffadoorpbPePooroioeoo)xdl p22oofffsrraeeepdssphhtrwwooaamxttioeemrrraerdteruhulmyam,na, oyiten5isaercc.sootnnIufccdaeyeiimvvseaaincbbtillmeieouttnhmhoaatvataananssauuuabbolsnstemtaa-nonytvteiieaaamlr ppeioonmrrttteiioroapnnnegroofiefodof fsbsriiuennrsccdheeewtnthhaoetefllrePednnFrgguOttmhhSoowaffcottchhuueldmussbttlueuaddteyyexdSspeeoiccnstteoiiodonnnetssoSaaemrrceeotiraaeoppnptphrwroaooxnxuiilmmodanatecteerlsolyytsus44dySttoeosce11tc44itoimmonniiilensosevseiinr3elsaenntoggnihthe..-fyiseTThahhmuruistsig,m,rffaeiistshephdeboroaiodddyy obFFinuisserhhdescctnooulldoleeyfccPtsteeeFdcdOtiiiSnnonaaac(ssacttsuuudmdhyyyuplssaoeettcecnttdeiiosoininnzwwoeondoueuallddbSoerrveceetppiorrfeenossrweewnnohttiutPPldeFFcbOOarosSSss)see.xxSppUeooncssdtuuioerrenre cchlioonsnneddshiiytatiposoonnttsshheefftrroifiocsmmahlmmmsoocirgereernaatttrhehiadaonn.. cocinoontnnehcceseetnnuacttdrtryauatasiotleniwcsohtoiniootfsnfePP(baFFasOOshsSSydpiiannottfafhiissseehhts)wwiz,oeoeudulvlddeanbbboeeveteehxxfepporeereccwtwteheaddistettaoobabsbiseensguu)l.nneiifUfaoornrrmedmaeaaromfmthosoislnnegghvyatthptheeoedthssPtetuuFtdidcOyyaSlsseesecccxtetpiinooosannurssrioe((,a.ass wawinisittsthhhuiienmnpaootcnniteeuoanoolffowftthhhaeeithessottubumdadosyygsssedeecnacttotiiaouosnnsesst..)e,xWWepivoitteshhnureeiefxxppthuoonessirtuuerr(eewanaaadsvveeparrraaascggintiinigncggleeaaoaccfrrreaooavssessorfllaaaegrrilgegneevgrrasaaterardeemaapsPsl,,FetOtshhSeefrMeMoxmPPpCmCooAsAruere ttashhtsaausnnduymooonnpfeeti2oss9ntt7uuoddffyyisassheehsccoattmiimooponnlg))eewwsnooeduuoolludedbssbeenesoxustpuposppsupouporprerottreeutddnbtihbtyiy(satthnhhydeepopddtaratahtaace.st.iicseHHoodowwufeeveaevvtreeo.rr,tahtgtehhineeegxortosbrbaueumsmsetptllMMeysPPeCfeCrvoAAaml((e22md00o110r0e)) concentratioonfs PFOS in Section study of 297 fish samples does not concentrations of PFOS in Section 4 sh, as stated n Figures support this hypothesis due to 4 fish, as illustrated in Figures 26the 2-6. extremely elevated AAMPmmCroAree(ll2iik0ke1ell0yy)eesxxtppulldaaynnaastteiiocotnnioffonorsr tt(hhfeeldadriisgscecrrheepopamanneccryyanaagmmeoosnnggarcceooannsccseeunnmttreradati)otnilsoeonsofsfinPPtFFhOOSStiimnn ffisisschhalaaemmsoofnnogrg tthhee eMPPlFFPeOOvCaSSAteuu(dp2pt0Ptaa1Fkk0eOe)Saasnnteuddxdpyeeollsiismmeuicirnnteaiaottcniiooosnnnd(iiiifnntliaifoishrngh.se. ishIIosssmitimteiklinkeraaeltnlyyegdetthhsdaautatrrPPienFFgaOOsmSSsouvaamcececcmuduem)mnultuilelaas0tte.einddtehbbseyysftfiiismcshoheniitnsnacaamannilenaasarrteefeoaadrwwiitthh `aeararleeecavca.au.mteuFFdlooarrPteeeFxxOPaamFSmpOlpeSelxe.p,tooffisiscushohrneeecxxecnppotoonrssdaeeittddiiootntnoossaaimsnnueeeclllihemevvhiaanittageethdededrPPtdFFhuOOarSSinngtpphoomioinnsotetvssneoomuuorertccnheeetrtwwoisitthahuiidlnneysSSsseeecccctottiinoootnnnasm,44 iwwnbouaotutu,ellddudpon amPmcoFocvOvuiiSnmngguctltoaoontceooettPhnhetFrrrOassSieecocttnotiisoocnnisons,n,scwewedooniuutmlrleaddnttieeo,llniimwsmaiitnmneaaurtt,ceehaPPnhFFdigOOhdSSieetrff.rtoohmTmahnitsistshustouiesemeettoionscmmoaaltaiheinnetftraoarisinnteulssdittymeeiasandedatyycitisosotntnaaisttsee, sibwuutiptthhp, ouolropwtwoeenedrr bbmPyyoFvaaeSbbdiiocotaoaoccnlccceuuemamnuntulraalwattaitoiitoonennsr ss(inttMuuasddteyyidiniinmn effetiisnsahht,,wwwh2hae0et0rer3eer),.ffiaissnhhRdewwsdeueierlretta.seeTixxnhppdiosioscsteaimtedeedttootshPcPaaFFtlOeOtShS-feohc-rcoaoennlttimtaaimimniainfntoaiaorltneePddiFswwOsaaSuttpeepr,,orthhteeednn moved to clean water (Martin et al., 2003). Results indicated that the half-life for PFOS ProsEmonous Review and Synthesis of Pool 2 PFOS Environmental Data oe 9 of 53 ~ENN VV Ii R~ OONN 22669911..00001122 STATE_01178236 STATE_01178236 Review of POS ImpaFrmaepnatreidn iosMiestocppeRaanrCPooulnc2 Review of PFOS Impairment in Mississippi River Pool 2 Prepared for Metropolitan Council 2mm0e0ea3as8s)uu.rreeddAcwwcaoasrsdaaipnppgprrtoooxxitimmhaeattseetlluyyd22y--r33ewwsueeleetkk,ssco((1n13c3eddntaaryyasstiffooorrnsccaairrncciaassshss aanndd 2200 would d ddaayyss ffoorr ecrease vliveerr,; MMaarrttiinn eettaall.,, to rsach steady Se2stxt0aap0ttoe3esau(()rdd.eeesccA.rrceecaaAosslriitdnnhiggnoguoogrrthoiitnnhtcchirreeseaashssytiuipnndoggyt))hrwweeisisttihuhsiilntnse,naafacfbeoelnwwecwsewenaeeterckakostsniosuuinpdpseoorinnnatmmfiisooohvnviiwonnroggu(vtlo0d aaedrreaeecararrssefaiywwssiihetthmtoddoiivfrffeeeeamrreecenhnntttsPPsteFFa(O0d.SSy.. 1emmoixlilpeeelsosi)cs,)i,utrtitethsrree.eqqouAubiilsrrteheessrovuttehghdehe ppptharreitesstseehernyncpcoeoeftgohofrefeasaaissstooyeuunirrfaccfbeeelerooesffneeatllecceovovnaancttseeeindddterPPraaFFttOOiiooSSnnseefoxxbrppevootesswurueyrreeefnattroSofeiffsciisthshihmowwnio4ittvhheiianmnndSeSenetctchstteiio(oenn.g44., ctrroeeommenalcaiiciannitnddtteehraretooofifboPPsonooeosforlvlPe22.dF. OpIIttSappttgrreororevvnaiidtdoeeefrssgtraahedaadndtilty2io0dnn0iafflnejjruguessn)ttiitffiwcicocoaaunttilciodoennnbttthrhaaaltttiiomiimnimtspepdabaietrimotrwaemenneetann(rti.eS.eae.,cnffteiiisoashnhr eet4xhxihahsinibbldiietiitnhvngegatd ecceoxoxnppntoocasesmuunirrtnreeaatsstioooeunudrrsccseeeo,c,ftaPaissoFnOccsooSonnfcgceePrneontaotrrltaaet2tr.iiotohnnassniinn2f0fiis0shhnttgiis/sgss)uuewe owwououludllddbeddeelicmcrrieeteaadsseetoaassantthhaeereffiaisshhnemmaiigrgrrthaatitseeettoloellveeassstse. d contaminated sections of Pool 2. RFe7v0i8ewaEnndaSymietelssOcsftaPo 2 Review and Synthesis of Pool 2 PFOS Environmental Data Tosa 10 of 53 22669911..00001133 ~eNN YVVi i~RO ONN STATE 01178237 STATE_0].178237 Review Review of of PFOS PFOS IImmppaaPiirrmmeepenantrteiindn WfMoirissMsieisstsicipnppioitRRivaivenerrCPoPuoonotcl t22 Prepared for Metropolitan Council 44 CCoonnssiiddeerraattiioonnss ffoorr PPFFOOSS EEnnvviirroonnmmeennttaall FFaattee a"TTnhhdiississneeccclttuiiodoennspparrneessaeepnnptltssicaaatssittoaantteeo--fooqff-u-tathnhetei--stscactiieievnnecceefarrteeevvaiienewdw bffooirroaPPcFFcOOumSSulbbaeethhiaaovnviioomrrodiinnelaaiqqnuugaatttiioccueenccdooessryyssstttaeenmmdssthe exposureoffish and includes an exposure of fish to PFOS In application to PFOS in Pool 2. of quantitative Pool 2. fate and bioaccumulation modeling to understand the 4"4T.11he beSShtaatvtieoa-rofott-fthhPeeeFS-SOc-ciSieoeannncfcdeeoRRtheeevvriiePewFwCs doss not follow the general sciertificparadig for the `cTchchheoeemmmipbicoecauahlnladbvbseieohhararaovevifiohoPryrFdooOrrroSffpaahattoeenbdioocffo,bbthiisoeotararcocPnccgFuulmCmyusuaatldattotirieavvceseteonodrorggttaaofnonoililrccogwccaonotimmhcpepocougaunerndnbdseos.nra. ilnMMsoscoseisedttnibbtmiifieoiconaatpcccaacurnaumddmuiulglilampaitidvtfsoeewritthhein `aquatic organisms after release to aquatic environments. compounds are hydrophobic, strongly attracted to organic aquatic organisms after release to aquatic environments. The behavior of these compounds carbon in sediment and lipids within The behavior of these compounds ohhcaatssanbboeelee-nnwanntuuemmrerpeiarcircatalillloyynppcrroeeeddfiifccittceeiddenbbtyy(Kmmoouod:deelGlsosbrraeeslly,yiinn1gg98oo3nn; aaAmpphhayytssiiaccanaldl ccGhhoeebmmaisicc,aall20pp0rr3oo;ppeerGrtotyybakknnsooewwtnnaaa.ss tthhee a22o0d0c0v0t3aa3)nn.).otla-FFwgooearrtoeaafrtllapahrareggreeteixtiipposrrntooippcnooogrrettpiifoafoinrcnaieoodfnfitmgm(moKoddo(euwersr;innGngooorrKbggaaoasnnu,iicc11c09coo9pm3mrp;epdoAoiurcunntndocdsths,ae,nmssidccciiGaeenlnottbifissaatttssse, aas2nnu0ddc0h3pp;toohlGlaicctoyybemnmavasaikkereeotrrnassml.e,(tanatkkaeel risks can be more efficiently and effectively managed (Muir and Howard, 2006). advantage of the existing paradigm (using Kow) to predict chemical fate such that risks can be more efficiently and effectively managed (Muir and Howard, 2006). environmental Kon values for PFCs are difficult to measure because they possess surfactant properties that interfere with the measurement of Ko, making evaluation Kow values for PFCs are difficult to measure because they interfere with the measurement of Kow, making evaluation wih the existing paradigm not possess surfactant properties with the existing paradigm not that ffieneaamsseiibabllseeur((TiTnooglllssPeeFttCaasll..,in1199e99n44v;i; rGGoinieemsseyyntaaannlddsKKaaamnnpnnlaaensn,,a22n00d002t2).h).e nCCaoobuuiplpltleeyddtowwfiuittlhhtthheeevaiinlniutaiaaltleaanfnaaatlelyy,ttiitcchaaell ddiifffiiccuulttyy bioaccumulate potential of these compounds went largely untested untl the early 20005, in measuring PFCs in environmental samples and the inability to fully evaluate fate, the bioaccumulative potential of these compounds went largely untested until the early 2000s, wwhheenn cffiioeenlddcerrneetssreeaaatrriccohhnsrreeevxveecaaalleeedddintthhgaattthmmoasaennyyinooaffbttihoheteicccooemmnpvpiooruuonnnddmsesnwwtaeelrreemeppdrreiessaeesnntutciinhn oosrrsggwaaanntiisesrmm,sssoaaillt, and sediment (Giesy and Kannan, 2001). PFCs were s00n found tobehavedifferently than concentrations exceeding those in abiotic environmental media such as water, soil, and sediment (Giesy and Kannan, 2001). PFCs were soon found to behave differently than mmoosstt b(briioaotaahcceccruutmmhuaulnalatltiiivpvieedsoo)rrgginaanoniriccgaccnooimmsppmosouun(ndCdsos,n,daaessr ttehhteeayyl,wwe2er0r0ee8)ff.oouuCnnoddntttoroobbleelessdttrrlooannbggolrlyyataaottrttyrraaeccxttepededrttioompeprnrootttseeiinnss confirmed that chemical fate (and bioaccumuiation) of (rather than lipids) in organisms (Conder et al., 2008). confirmed that chemical fate (and bioaccumulation) of PFCs could not be predicted using Controlled laboratory experiments PFCs could not be predicted using tthhee `gMgaeernnteeirrnaalleKtKaolo.uwb-2ba0as0s3ee5dd).aapppTprhrooraaoccuhhgeehssseuuvsseeerddalffoofrrieotldthheeerxrpbbeiriooiaamcceccnuutmsmu,ulPalatFtiiOvveeSccwhhaeesmmidicceaatllessrm((MMianarertdtiinntoeettaall., 220000333a;; cMbboiioanoacratecicnncctuuermmtautaulill.aao,tnt2ees0tti0oon3wccbaoo)t.nneccreTenhn(trtCroraoautntgiidohoennrssseetiivnnaelttr.iiasslss2ufui0eee0ldss8ee)evvxeerpraealrl imoorreddneertrsss, of magnitude higher than PFOS was determined to of magnitude higher than concentrations in water (Conder et al., 2008). AAPsFsCeesnn,vviitrrhooennmemxeeinsntttaialnlgccKhhoeemwmi-isbstatssseaadnnddapttopoxxriioccaooclloohggiiisssttnssotaadddaaiprpettctoolrryccarrpeepaaltiteecaaablnne,eewwneppcaaersrasaiddtiigagtmminttgoo huuanntddeetrrhssettaanndd understanding of PFOS fate be built fom scratch using data from empirical field and PFCs, the existing Kow-based approach is not directly applicable, necessitating that the understanding of PFOS fate be built "from scratch" using data from empirical field and elIanabbvooirrraaottnoomrreyynsstttauulddicieehssemaainnsddtrnnyeewawynl-ydd-dteoerxriiivvceeodldogmmyoodiedsleosls.n.yDDjeuessstppibitteeegiiitfnssniuunssgeeftfooorrussneedveverersraatllandddeeccPaadFdeeOssS,, tcthhheeemffiiieeclldadlooff fate, bioaccumulation, and sources to watersheds. environmental chemistry end toxicology is only just fate, bioaccumulation, and sources to watersheds. Nakayama et al. 2010)i the May 27, 2010 beginning to understand PFOS chemical Nakayama et el. (2010) in the May 27, 2010 iilsistsslueueeisoofkf ntthhoeewneennavvbiirorouontnmmseeonuntrtaaclel scc,hheefmamties,isttraryyndjjootuurrmnaaanllsEEpnnovovriiftrrootnnhmmeeenPntFtaaCllsSSiccniietenhnecceeen&&viTTreeocnchmhnennootll,ooggmyyasskttiaanttegeddit""vvveeerrryyy dificult to prioritize human exposure routes and assess potential risks." little is known about sources, fate, and transport of the PFCs in the environment, difficult to prioritize human exposure routes and assess potential risks." making it very AAPssFiidOdeeSffirrsoomtmhattthheaecllcaaeccpkktoaofbfalaebbaaanssailiccytssiccciaieelnntlitiaffbiiccorppaaatrroaarddyiigpgmemr,,faorppmrraiimnmcaaerryyapiisspssruuoeeacilihmmiiilntiignngga uulnenvddeeelrrcsstotaamnnpddaiirnnaggbloofef to tt(PhhvFaaattnooSLffaioosotthuthheewarretmmnaaoacjtcjooaerrlpcc,thah2ebem0lmei0ic;caaanllMassaolyloftificcncaokolnyncl,aceeb2rro0nn0ra8hh)toa.arssyTbbpheeeeeernnfiomaarimtttttaaaeiindnnceenedd auoopnnlpmlyyrooibinanfctethhfhiieenregdppaaassstttluettdvwiweeoolscttopoormitthohprrreaetereoatyybheelieaasrrmtsso e (van Leeuwen et al., 2009; Malinsky, 2009). The limited number of field studies prior to this time Considerations fo PEOS Envicomental Fale Considerations for PFOS Environmental Fate 110153 11 of 53 ENVIRON ENV i ~O N 22669911..00001144 STATE_01178238 STATE_01178238 Review of PEOS ImpPaimeenpien MrsiHsetiosppoRiiavneCPoucnc2 Review of PFOS Impairment in Mississippi River Pool 2 Prepared for Metropolitan Council aaRrreeeceidnfifftfcicfuuileltltdttoostiiunndtteieerrpsprraeetrteaanfneddw,ccoowmmiptpaharoerne,l,ymmaaakhkiainnnggdutthlheeoddfeesvvteeuldloiopepsmmeoennnttPooFfffOfaaStteefatththeeeooarrnyydeesxxottrureremmceeelslyyinddiirfffiiivcceuurllstt. a2aR0nne1dd0c)ess.nttrtreAfeaiseammldwssist((thBBueedtcchiekekseecrruateertettiaanflegl.,w,e,22d00wg00eit88haoaf;;onmBBlaeyesccatkkeeshrcraieneetndttfaaiulfl.li,co22fi00ss00st8u8u0ebds;;i,eZZstuuhsosehnhsiiePeoFpttaOaapllS.e,,rf22sa00t0oe08f8;ta;ennNNdaaasikkosaaueyyracaamemssaamieneattnraaiyvll.e,,(rosr e2mmn0oovr1rie0er)))o. qnqumAueeessnsttwtiaiiootlhnnlsstehvttehehlaacsnnurtttathhitneehgyyererreetdsshgooaelnlvvoeeg,f,aimaannnoiddnsgtmmsaacadninveyyanntooifcfficetthdhieseusssnuttdeuuesddr,iiseetthssaenaasdrreeienpffgoaocpcoufeussrcseehddeomfmmtieoconrarleerafooiasnnteeuuanmnsdedecemrhrsasattnnaaiynnsdd(moiisnnr.gg aeFFbonoirvroiteerioxxcnaaemmmnpevplnileert,,aolnnnmlooeennvneeetlasoolffrcttahohtehmesespereatrsshtttauumnddeiingeetasssinee(ixxneaa.g.mm,aiinndseeveadqqniuucmaaeenndntttiatu,ainticidavvereebrsorrtneea,llnaadttsiioiunorngnfssahhociifpepcsswhabbeteemettwriwc,eeaeelannnfadPPteFaFqmOOuSSaetcisshcooauunrriccseemss,s,. organisms. abiotic environmental organisms. compartments (e.g., sediment, carbon, surface water), and aquatic 4A4..2c2onsRRisootlleeeontoffnSaSreerdaditiimmveeennitstbiinengAAinqqnuuiaantgtiicctoFFeaamtteeeroogffePPfFFoOOmSSthe avaiable field and laboratory studies Aassqeeucddaoiitmnmiseceinsnotttreigssnatnaaninnsamiirmsrma.pptoiovrrCettoaainnnstttbreeeonnlgvveiinidrrnoolinnnammgbeoentrontatataeollmrycceoosrmmgtpuepadafirrerottsmmmehenatnhtvteeninadlfvulouaeceinulnacmcbieilnnenggtfiettehdhldeethaaaacnctcdcuuPlmmaFubOuioalSartatiiitooonnarytootfsfrtaPPucdFFtieOOedsSS:toiinn OoaorCrqggu,aaanndtiiricccyoccwaaregrribabgonohnintsm(((OHOsiCC.g))gCiiinnonsnaateqqrtuoualaallte,tiidcc2lss0aee0b6ddo)ii.rmmaeetnoAntrhtsysr,,eswwtnuisidtthhieetppsaaalh.rrtai(ttvi2ooe0nn0d9cco)occeeuoffbmfisiceieienerntvnetetdssd toomhffauaatcppPhpphrFroioxgxSihimmeairsattOeaelCtltyyra44pc00at0e0rdtLLiot/okkngg cOcsooeCedef,ifffimdicceriiyneetnnwttaessnig((dahappstppe(rHrdooiixgxmiigemminanattsteeplelyoyt ra11l.00w,xxa2thh0eii0grg6hhf)ee.rrro))Amtthhhfraiaeennlndstthchoeaaltttloaoelbbc.sts(eee2drr0vv0see9eddd) ibbomyybeHsnHietgirggvigneiidnnTssomekteuyatcola.hlB.ah((yi22.g00h00eR66re))sOuuuCslsitinnspggacrlteitaiorlny document that organic carbon in sediments has a significant capacity to adsorb sediment and sediment pore water from field collected sediment in Tokyo Bay. document that organic carbon in sediments has a significant capacity to adsorb PFOS. Results PFS. clearly `SSSeiimdmippmlleeenrrteelliaattiaioonknseshhyiipspssoubbreecttewweaeneednnloccroonnscicenerkniftrroaarttiPiooFnnsOs SooffiPPn FaOqOuSSatiiinncwwsaaytsteetrermaasnn.ddBsseeecddkiimemreennotttaaal.lssoo(2cc0oo0nn8ff)iirrmm tthhaatt osoPbiebgsdsheeimerrrvveeetnddhtaittnshhaacatotnkccceooeynnnccsteeronanutttrrricaaoettniiosaonnnissdn /osoofufrrPPsfFiFancOOkeSSfwoirinanPessFuuOrriffnSaactchieenessaReeqoddlutiiamemtreiecRnnitstvywwesereterr(meeGesaar.ppmppaBrrnooeyxxc)iikmm,eaarattneeeldtlyyaLl22.i00n(2t(t0o2004481000))ttiimmeess hrr(eTeigappihoowrerattrnee)tddh. accnooOnntccchoeeennntrcrtertaanutttiidrooaenntisssoniihnnsassvineeeddsiriumemrpefeoannrcttteewwdweermareetuec11r h66in-22ht56ihgetthimemRreeoasstteihhroiisRgg.hhiveeerCrrottnh(hGcaaenennrtwwmraaaatttneeiyrro)i,innntsahtnhiendesLNNeiadnainn(mm2me0een1ntn0)wRRieivvreeerr Coo(Tbabassnieeewrrsavvneei)dnd. tttonOoetbbhNeeeeraatnnnsetuaarvdiveaeienrrsadasggheea(ovoKfefa22re2d20p0iottrieitmetmdaeelssm,hhu2iig0cg1hhh0ee)hr.rigtthhhaSaeunnrrttfrhhaaaatctioteosofw.fawwtCaeaorttneaecrinerinndnt22rsa11utrimmofaanajcsjoeorirsnellasadkkeieedmssie,m,nrretiivnvdeetorrwtss,a,eraaenndd 2cccoaorlnllleeaevclcesttaeelidndtutuhhappetsstatNrrveeeeaatrmmha,e,grelnnaeencaaodrrn,s,caea(Knnntdwdraadddtooiiwwjoknnnessstttirranele.as,amem2d0ioo1mff0ett)nhh.tee Sa33ruMMerfafCCcwooeottttcwaarggadeeteerGGrsrraooonfvvdeemsaffuagarncifiilalittctyyuediisneneSS(d1eeim0cc0ttei-oni2nto0d4n04atootiaffmPPeosoo)oll 2hfmiiagrgsehhvseeerbraattlhshtaiahtstaootaffwlawoavnaetetre,earrgsee((MdPciPoCmCneAcnA,et,na22st00rsa00ot66ico;;inaWWsteeseintsdotsoPnen,Fd, Oi2m2S00e00ni77n;t;aaW Wqreeuesastttwtiooocnn,s,oyr22ds00et00r8e8s;m;soWWfiesmeslstaitokgoennnl,y,itu2f2do000e0b99e)(.)1.a00sOOi-ng2nn0iaa0fitttcooiatmtaanltel s) omppvooarertsrtiislooonnboaookfsefidtsthhieaenlotttoonettearal,ml ssPPoeFFfdOOimeSSneviinnirt-aaoagqnsumuseaaonttcitcciaaslstyeymssdtateenPmmaFsgs,Oe,Smaaenninnddta.eeqssuppaeetcciciaalsllyyysiitnen mPPoosoolils22l,,ikaaennlyddtoccaabnnennooattsbbigeenificant overlooked in terms of environmental management. 4A4..3s3igniRRfeielclaeenvvtaapnnaccteehwooaffySSefeoddrsiimemdeeinnmtte-aansstssoaosccsiioaacttieeaddtePPdFFOOPSFStOtoSo tPPooooeolnlt22erFFaiiqssuhhalic food webs is via AbbLaiiosboaioagcrcnaccituufiommcruauylnalasttttpiiuooadnntiheiiwnsn abhbyeaenvfntoethrhicisccoeniidnnfivmvieemerrettneedtb-barrtasahattseteosssceittahdhtaaietmtdeaanrrPteeF.ccOaoosSnsnosstcouuimmeaeentdedtedrbbPyyaFqffiuOissahShtiaacbnnifddooaooocdttchhwueemreruboolsrraggtiaasennsviiissaimmnsbs.e. nthic aiiLln,navvbee2orr0ttre0ae7bbt)orr.aarytteeIsssn,t,utiwdhtieiethhsfieaahlda.BBviieooctotcaan-o-sSSnueefmidrdpmiitmmeieedonnnttthoAAafcctPccsuFuemmOduiSlumalaeitntiniootb-nneansFtFsahaocicccttoioairrntev((BdeBrSStPAAeFbFFOr))aStooeffbs11iob..2ay222cbcggeu,,nmtOOhuCCilav(/gotHer(isoHugisinggfgibiinesnhsnstmheeatitcy oabbrlee.,'qaa2unn0a0niimi7mpl)p.oaorirItvtnaaentnhtiteneevxxfeieppstloodiss,guuacrrtoeeinoppnsaasuttmrhhewwpgataayiory.dn. inoAAglflttPhthoiFousOuggeShhxpiffnioeeslbldduernssettthuupiddcaiiteeiinssvvahheyaar.tvveeebwrnnoaoototetfsyyeetbtthyaaetbttmeeeonmmstphtpiitvceeooddrmommpuerescechhfhaiesnanhinssimistvtiaicecy saoaoqrquuuqraaucitaeiccnotffifotoaoPotddiFvewwOeSeinbbfvossettsfuuitsdidhgii,eaestsaiosccnoomsnnaddrneuuygccotateefrdddtintthogoe ddtbhaaeitntseetehhhixaacpvvofeeissubbhrooestthahpmannpotolhtteweedddayittnh,haattwtthoossseeoeddfiismttmhueeednnimtteissosseaatxcpppoorotmeteesnpntsriteeiaadhlllleyynmmsaivajejoorr elevated concentrations of source of PFOS to fish, as elevated concentrations of PFOS compared to other species many of the benthic fish sampled PFOS compared to other species (Martin in those (Martin et al, 2004; Houde studies expressed et al., 2004; Houde eett aall.,, Considerations fo PEOS Envicomental Fale Considerations for PFOS Environmental Fate 120153 12of53 ENVIRON ENV i ~0 N 22669911..00001155 STATE 01178239 STATE_01178239 Review Review of of PROS PFOS IImmppaarsirommpeeannrtteiidnn ifMrsisiMseisstiscioppppoilRRtiaivvneerrCPPoooncolcl !22 Prepared for Metropolitan Council 22000088).). IItt sshhoouuldd bbee nnootteedd tthhaatt eexxppoossuruerttoeo bbeenntthhiicc ffiisshh ffrroomm sseeddiimmeenntt ppoorreewwaatteerr ((vviiaa aabbssoorrppttiioonn dduurriinngg ccoonnttaacctt wwiitthh sseeddiimmeenntt)) aanndd iinnggeessttiioonn ooff sseeddiimmeenntt--aassssoocciiaatteedd ppllaannttss mmaayyaallssoobbee aa ssoouurrccee ooff bbeenntthhiicc PPFFOOSS eexxppoossuurree,, aalltthhoouugghh tthheessee eexxppoossuurree mmeecchhaanniissmmss hhaavvee nnoott yyeett bbeeeenn eevvaalluuaatteedd.. f"TiTsooh,qquuEaanNntVititItaaRttiiOvvNeellyydeiinvnvveeelssottpiigegaadtteae ttbhhieeoappcoocttueenmntutiliaaalltiiimomnppoomrrottadanenccleetoooffexsspeelddiciimimtelenyntat--aacsssscooccoiifaauottreentddhtPPeFFaQOcSScuttmooulPPaootooillo22n of sedment-associated PFOS through the consumption of invertebrates ving fish, ENVIRON developed a bioaccumulation model to explicitly account for sediment-associated PFOS through the consumption of invertebrates living in PFOS- the accumulation in PFOS- of ccoonnttaammiinnaatteedd sseeddiimmeenntt. TThhee mmooddeell aassssuummeess PPFFOOSS iiss aaccccuummuullaatteedd bbyy ffiisshh vviiaattwwoo eexxppoossuurree ppPaaFttOhhwwSaayiysnss((eFFdiigigumurereent111b1)y):: a11b))saoarSSpeteiddoiinmmeiennnttot EEbxexnpptoohssiuucrrieenvPPeaarttthhewwbraaayytetthshaattthabbteegagirinnesstwwhieittnhhctthohenesaauccmccueumdmulubalyattfiiioosnnh toohffat `aPacFccOcuuSmmuuilnlaastteeedPPimFFOeOnSSt via distary absorption; and 2) a Water Column Exposure Pathway that by absorption into benthic invertebrates that are then consumed by fish via dietary absorption; and 2) a Water Column Exposure Pathway that that ccoommpprriisseess tthhee ddiirreecctt aabbssoorrppttiioonn ooff PPFFOSS iinnttoo tthhee ffiisshh aaccrroossss tthhee bbooddyy wwaallll ((iinncclluuddiinngg ggiillls).). `TThhee mmooddeell mmaakkeessththeefofolllloowwiinngg pprriimmaarryy aassssuummptpitioonnss:: + CCoonncceentnrtraattiioonnss ooff PPFFOOSS iinn wwaatteerr aanndd ssuurrffaaccee sseeddiimmeenntt aarree aatt sstteeaaddyy ssttaattee oonn aa llooccaalliizzeedd Ssccaallee aanndd tthhaatt ccoonncceennttrraattiioonnss iinn wwaatteerr aanndd sseeddiimmeenntt aarree iinnddeeppeennddeenntt ooff oonnee aannootthheer.r. + FFiisshh ddiieettss aarree ddeerriivveedd ffrroomm eeppiibbeenntthhiicc aanndd//oorr bbeenntthhiicc iinnvveerrtteebbrraatteess tthhaatt aabbssoorrbb oorr iinnggeesstt PPFFOOSS ffrroomm sseeddiimmeennttoorrsseeddiimmeenntt ppoorreewwataeter.r. + BBiiooaaccccuummuulalattiioonn ccoonnssttaannttss ddeerriivveedd ffrroomm llaabboorraattoorryy ddaattaa ffrroomm wwaatteerr--oonnllyy aanndd ffoooodd--oonnllyy `seeexxdppioomsseuunrrteessarttooe ffaiispshph,l,iaacnnabddlfefrrotomomPddoaaotltaa2ffrrooormmgallnaaibbsoomrraasttoaorrnyydeecxxoppnodoisstuuirorenesss.ooff bbeenntthhiicc iinnvveerrtteebbrraatteess ttoo sediment are applicable to Pool 2 organisms and conditions. + FFiisshh aarree rreessttrriicctteedd ttootthhee aarreeaa mmooddeelleedd iinn eeaacchh ooff tthhee tthhrreeee mmooddeelliinngg sscceennaarriiooss aannddl/oorr tthhee. aaccccuummuulalattiioonn kkiinneettiiccss ffoorr PPFFOOSS iinn ffiisshh aarree ssuucchh tthhaatt ccoonncceennttrraattiioonnss ooff PPFFOOSS iinn ffiisshh wwoouulldd cccohhnaacnneggneetraaanntiddornreesaaoccfhhPssFtteeOaaSddyyinsststaaettdeeimwwehhneetnn, wmmaotovevirinn,gganttodo/aaornneseuwwrflloaoccceaattsiioeonndieemxxhehinibbtiittiiinnnvggerddtiieffbfferearreteennstt. concentrations of PFOS in sediment, water, and/or surface sediment invertebrates. + W Waatteerr aanndd ssuurrffaaccee sseeddiimmeenntt ddaattaa oobbttaaiinneedd ffrroomm tthhee vvaarriioouuss ssttuuddiieess ((ssaammpplleess ccoolllleecctteedd 22000055--22000099)) aapppprrooxxiimmaattee PPFFOOSS eexxppoossuurree ccoonnddiittiioonnss ttoo ffiisshh aatt tthhee ttiimmee ooff ffiisshh ssaammppilinngg ((22000099)) iinn tthhee MMPPCCAA ((22001100)) ssttuuddyy.. MMooddeell iinnppuuttss iinncclluuddeedd ttwwoo ssiittee--ssppeecciiffiicc PPooooll 22 ppaarraammeetteerrss tthhaatt wweerree vvaarriieedd aammoonngg llooccaalliizzeedd ``eaexvxpeporosasguuerreecoaanrrceeeaansstriinantPPioooonollo22f:P11F)) OaaSvveeirrnaaggseeurccfooancnceceewnanittreraart.tiioonCnooonffcePPnFFtOOraSStiiinnonsssuurorfffaacPceeFOsseeSddiiimmneesnnetdt;;iaamnennddt22)a) nd sasuuvrerffraaaccgeeewwacatotenercrwewenetrrraeetiooobnbttaaoiifnnPeedFdOffrrSoommin aasvvuaariifllaaacbbelleewMMaFtPeCCr.AACaaonnnddcW WeenestrstatootinnonsssttuuoddifieePss.F. OTTShheein mmsoeodddeiemll eiinnnpptuuattnaadllssoo iibnneccclluaududesesse aaOnnCaawssassusummneeoddt maaevvaeersraauggreeedccooinnnccteehnnettrrsaatttuiidooinnesoofffOOroCCm wiinnhissucurhrffaPaccFeeOssSeedddiiammteaennwtte((r00e..00o11btggaiOOnCeC/dg/.g,, Tssheeiddsiimmeenntt)) `abasesscsuaumumseeedd OvvaCalluuweeaisiss commonly used not measured in commonly used tttohoeddeesrrtiuivvdeeiessseeddfriiommmeennwtthbbiceehnnccPhhFmmOaarSrkkdssaaatannddwmmeoroeddeoelbl tbbaiiionoaeaccdcc.uummTuhulilasattiioonn (i(NnNlOOaAnAdAA,w,a22t00e00r88s),),ofaatnnhdde iiUssnwwiitittehhdttShhteeatrraeasnngg(eeUSoofEf PvvaaAll,uuee1ss98((030..)0011 ttoo 00..1100)) ggeenneerraallllyy oobbsseerrvveedd ffoorr sseeddiimmeenntt iinn inland waters of the United States (USEPA, 1993). `TThhrreeee mmooddeelliinnggsscceennaarriioosswweerree iinnvveessttiiggaatteedd ffoorr llooccaalliizzeedd sseeccttiioonnssooff PPooooll22 aaccccoorrddiinngg ttoo PPFFOOSS sseeddiimmeenntt aanndd wwaatteerr ssaammppllee ggrroouuppiinnggss bbyy aarreeaa aass ssuummmmarairizzeedd iinn FFiigguurreess 77 aanndd 88,, wwiitthh rraaww ddaattaa ssuummmmaarriizzeedd iinn TTaabblleess 11,,22 aanndd 33: Considerations for PFOS Envicnmerta Fate Considerations for PFOS Environmental Fate 130153 13of53 22669911..00001166 ENVIRON ENV i ~O N STATE01178240 STATE_01178240 Review of PEOS ImpPaimeenpien MrsiHsetiosppoRiiavneCPoucnc2 Review of PFOS Impairment in Mississippi River Pool 2 Prepared for Metropolitan Council 1. UrUepppssrtterrseeeanamtms ooafrfe33aMMs CCofootPttotaaoglgee2GGtrhroaotvvaeere((TTnaaobbtlleeke11l)):y: TtTohhbeeeUUippmsspttarreceatamemdoofdifr33eMcMtlCCyoofttrttoaamggeePGGFrOrooSvveeadssjccaeecnneaanrtriioo tl1roeo0cp33arMtMeisoCCenono#ttts1ttaaa(ggraeeepapGGsrrrooooxvvfiee.mP.aotoDDelalay2ttaarthiwwvaeeetrrraeemrieoolbbenlto8aat4iin7nlie)ekddeplyrffroootcommsbePPecoiooinomlgl p22taoffcrttooehmmde ndtthohirreeetcffhiti-rlssysttofuMMrotPPhmCCtrAAPaFnwwsaeatScteterarodfssjaaawmmcaptepelnlreet sdsloeaactmmaepctpiltoleeinossn#cc1moolil(lleatecpc(tpte5erd0odxnbbigmyy/LaWW;teeeaslspyttpoorrinnovxe((ir22m00ma00ti77lee))l8ytthh4raa7itt)veddpreerpmpoiiicccletteecc8doo1in6nn.cgc7ee)nt.nottrrtaaThthteiiioosnnnossarrtooehffa-sPPioFFnuOcOtlhSSudtrbbeaseenllMosowePwcCttthhAoeef swtautdeyr Sections detection Sections 1.2,limit 1, 2, 3, Metfo WWTP in Section 2, (50 ng/L; approximately river 3, Metro VVW]-P in Section 2, andmile and the upper 25% of 818.7). This area the upper 25% of Section 4 includes MPCA Section 4. study 2. 3r3eMMprCCeosotettntaatgsgeeanGGraroorevvaee oSSfhhPooorroeelllii2nneeth((aTtTaarbbellfeel22e)):c: TTthhhee3e3lMevaCCtooetdtttaacggoeencGGernrtoorvvaeetiSSohhnoosrreoelfliinPneeFOssccSeennianarrsiiouorface sosrebeeptddariiemimsneeeenndntttfsaarnnaoddnm wwaPaorateoteaelr2rooofb(bPSsseoeecorrtvlvie2eoddnthii4nan)tPPfroroeooofllmle22ctthsaaeddtjshjaaaeccmeeepnnllettevttsaootce33odMlecCCcootonletcttdeaangoguteertasGGtiriorodonveveseo.f.otfDDhPeaaFttGOaaMSwveCeinroretestuargfaece GtoGhrbreootavv3ieneMeWWdCeoesftrstottmaCCgooePvvoGeeorlooou2uvtteif(aaSlEllelacs((attaioppCnpporr4oovx)xeiifmmrooauamtttefelatlyyhleir(ivavsepeaorrmmrmcipxllieileemsa88ct11oe88ll.l.ye55)c)rtieotvoderssoamauimmtlpseplidle8ee1ss7.occ5foo)lt.lhlleeeccTt3theeMiddsoCoauurottetsstaiaiddgeeeooff timihnneecctllue3udrMdseessnCtaaoonnttataahgrreeeeaanGvdderreior.cevlecIlttlEsyyhaaaosddutjjlCaadccoeevbnneett otn0ouotf33feaMMdll tCC(haooaptttptaatrggoheeexiemGGnrtaroiotvreveeley,a, rreeievxxaetteerdnnmoddeiiilnsneggn8oaa1tpp7pap.r5pro)op.xxeiiaTmmrhaatitsteoelalybyree22a0000 accmoonenntatteraaremmsaiiinnndaatoottweetnddhsewwtirrittiehvheaPPrm.FFoOIft SStshhrreoeeumllaladtitivvbdeeepttonoooouutifpeps3dnsttMrttreheaaCamtomtthaaterareegeaaensstGirbbreeeocacvaareeuuaassseeddoccieoossnncccnueesonnstlterardaapttpaiooebnnaossrveaatorr(eebFiehhgiigughrheeessstt9iinn aanndar1e0)a. doItwsnhsoturledamalsoof btheenmotidedpotihnattotfh3eMcoCncoetntatgraetiGornovofe PaFs OdSisciun ssseeddimaebnotvaen(dFiwgautreers 9 scasoaannmdmcpep1lnl0eet)ssr. aootIbtbitostaanhiisonnuefeoldddr fftarrohlsoemomseEbEaesascsntetnoaaatennridddostW Wh,eaesatssttthCiCetowocvvaoeesnsscuwewnencelrtrreeeaatrnniooowntthuuoesstfeehPddeFrttOooMSddPeeiCnrriiAvsveee(dtt2hih0mee1e0aan)vvteesarranaamdggpeelweadtefrish irectly fom these concentrations for directly from these areas these areas and whether scenarios, as and whether fish can move it was unclear fish can move freely fom whether M freely from the river ino these coves PCA (2010) sampled fish the river into these coves. 3. DsDcooewwnnanrssittorrereaeapmmreoosfefn33tMMs aCCnootatttraaeggaeeofGGrFroooovvlee2((TTtaahabbtlleede33)m).:onTTshhieeraDDtooewswnPnsFtrsOelaSmriomeofpfa3a3cmMMtsCCtohotattttaamggaeeyGGbrreoovvee GasascrssesooonvccaeiiraaiaottneedrddleopwwririettthhsheeddnooatwswrnenaassnsttrraeaeradeamjamaottcrrfaeaPnnnoststopopolo3r2rtMt toohCffaoPPttFFtdaOeOgmSSeoiGinnnrsosstvreeeadd.tieimmseDenaPnttFtaaannwSdderiwmweaaptotaebecrtrtasffirronthomemadt33fmMrWoamCCyooPbtotettoaalggee2 ((G(SSarepeocpcvtrteiioooxanninm44da))t/oessrlaaytmmhpvepleleearssremccaioosllllelaeedc8ct1jtea7edc.de2dd)noottwwtoonnsss3aitMrmrepeaClameomsttooacffgottlehhleeeGc33rtoMe1vdeCCU.opotstDtttaaarggteaeeawmGGoerrfrooetvvheeoebEEtaPaasoisntotelCCd2oovfvdreoeamoomuuPttafoalollll 2 (approximately (approximately (approximately riverriver river milmile mile 816)817.2) 816). to samples collected upstream of the Pool 2 dam FmFiaissthhhePPmFFatOOiSScabbliioooaapcceccruuamtmuiulonalasttiirooennqummiorodededelloccaaullscceuulltaahttieioontnhssreffooerriaanllplluttthhrrpeeaeerassmcceeentnaearrrisioosts,o, diinencrcliluuvddeiintnggheaaltlllotal `ccmoSoanencdtcheieenmntmetrnraatatttiEiicooxannpl oooosfpfuePPrrFFeaOtOiPoSSantsiinhnwrffeaiisqsyhhufiaaroennrdddthtttoehheetuhsppveeeerretccheseecnnettthanaraggereeeioooisfnf pttahuhreetepaasacchrccoauuwmmmnueultileanarttsTeeaddtbolPPdeFFseOOr4ivSS.e5ddteeahrrneiivdvteoe6ddtafflrroomm tthhee `sSCtCeouodmdmiypmpaa(er2rini0sst1oo0Enn)xoporffoevstthehueaerleppsrrPgeeadodtioihccdwtteeamddyoccdfoooennrlcctehpeneentrtrtfrhaaotrtreiiomoenannsssccooeef,fnPPawFFriitoOOhsSSmaoiirnndeeifislsshhhoprttwoeondthihiconotssiTeoeanbosoblbfessaseleir4rnvv,gee5dwdiaitinnnhdittnhh6eet.hMMePPrCaCnAAge of the observed study (2010) the observed averages for reveals good averages for the species in each otfh relevant sections model performance, with model predictions the species in each of the relevant sections (Figure 12) falling within (Figure 12). the range of KKeeyy mmooddeell ffiinnddiinnggss incu include: + FfFioosrhr ttahhreee UUnpoptsstetrrxeepaaemmcotofefd330MM rCCeosouttltaatggieen cGGornroocvveneetssrccaeteninaoarnirsioo,o,ftthhPeeFmmOoSoddeielnlfppirsreheddaiibccttossvetthh2aat0t 0ccoonnngcc/eegnnt(rtrpaartetiidooinncsstiiionnn fSooifsef hc33t22aironnenggsi/ng;o1;,tTT2eaaxbabplnleeedc44t3)e)..disTTthohh,eerwehmmseouordltdeeeilnlspcpperorceeniddceiiecscntiiatoorvnanetwiwroaaangsssceosconofrsnPaisnFsisgtOteeeSdnnttfiwnrwioftiitmshhh2tt4hahebetoooovb1bes0se2e0r0rnvv0gee/dndgg,dd/agaotvta(aeprffroeo9rrd5ic%tion (22001222) ofthe Section 1, 2 Sections 1, 2 and 3 fish, where (220 of 222) of the Section 1, 2 and 3 fish samples were below the MDH species averages ranged from 24 to 100 and 3 fish samples were below the MDH fish issue ng/g, over fish tissue 99% Considerations fo PEOS Envicomental Fale Considerations for PFOS Environmental Fate 140153 14of53 ENVIRON ENV i ~O N 22669911..00001177 STATE 01178241 STATE_01178241 Review Review of of PFOS PFOS IImmppaaPiirrmmeepenantrteiindn WfMoirissMsieisstsicipnppioitRRivaivenerrCPoPuoonotcl t22 Prepared for Metropolitan Council aaddvviissoorryy (Figures 2llee.vve3el,al,naadnndd4)aa.llll 9900th ppeerrcceenntitillee vvaalluueess wweerree bbeellooww tthhee MMODHH ffiisshh ttiissssuuee aaddvviissoorryy lleevveell Fo(Friguthrees32M, 3Coatntdag4e).Grove Shoreline scenario, the model predicts that concentrations in fFioshr tahree 3eMxpeCcottetadgteobGergorveeaStehrortehlianne2s0c0ennag/rigo,(tphreecmicotdoenol fpr4e9d0ictnsg/thg;atTcaobnlece5)n.traTtihoensmoindel prediction was consistent with the observed data for Section 4 fish, where species. fish are expected to be greater than 200 ng/g (prediction of 490 ng/g; Table 5). The prediction was consistent with the observed data for Section 4 fish, where species model 3aavv6ee%rraa(gg2ee7ssorfraa7nn5gg)oeeddffftrrhoeommSe11c66t00iooton 77444i00shnngg/s/gga.m. pClCoeonsnc,ceeanntnrdtraaatltiiloo9nn0ss"aapbbooorvvceeen22t00i00e nnvgga//lgguewwseerareemooonbbsgseesrrpvveeecddieiinns i3n6S%ec(t2i7onof47w5e)roef tahbeovSeec2t0io0nn4g/fgish(Fsiagmurpele5.s, and all 90th percentile values among species in Section 4 were above 200 ng/g (Figure 5). For the Downstroefa3mM Cottage Grove scenario, the model predicts concentrations are eieFmxxopppraeetichcrtetemedeDdnotttoowcnrroeesnmmtdraieatiaiinnmonaasboboof(vv3ceeMo2n2c0Ce0n0o0tttrnnagagg/t/geigonG((psprrroieenvddeiiiccststhiicooengnnrooeafafrit22oe2,2r00tthhnneaggnm/;g2o; 0dTT0eaalbbnplgleer/eg66d))).i.catseTThhcilioissknesscluuyeggndggtoerewassntttiossstnrseaarme impairment conditions (concentrations in fish greater than 200 ng/g) are likely downstream Sofec3tMionCo4t.tage Grove, an area representing at least 50% of the downsiream portion of of 3M Cottage Grove, an area representing at least 50% of the downstream portion of Section 4. FoForr lalll mmooddeell sscceennaaririooss,, tthhee mmooddeell pprreeddiiccttss tthhaatt aa mmajaojoririttyy ((8600--8865%%)) ooff PPFFOOSS aaccccuummuullaatteedd bTbyaybffliiseshshii4ss, dd5eerariinvvededd8)ffriotomhmusiin,nggteehssettiimnnaggjossreeidtdyiimmoefennPttFiinOnvvSeerrittneebfbirrsaahtteetssis((siiu..ee..,,isSSdeeeddriiimmveeendnttfrEEoxxmppoossseuudrireemePPnaatt-thrwwaayy.; associated Tables 4, 5 associated PFOS, and 6); PFOS. thus, the majority of PFOS in fish tissue is derived from sediment- "TpThheerccoononcceeonpntftrrasaotetiidooinnrmeoonffttoo-rraggisaasnnoiioccciccaaantrrebbdooPnnFiissOssSeedadicimmceuenmntutliisastaaenndbiimymppfoiorsrhtt.aannttAffsaaccmtteoonrrtiininoeenssettdiimmaaabttoiinvnegg,tthhdeeue to a fplTaoarccorkktphoooefrftOiddoaaCnttaaocffofrnrsocoememdnitMMmrPPeatCnCitAA-oanasainsnndodPcoW Wiaoetleess2dttoosPnneFdssOittmuuSeddiniaetesc.s,c, uaaSmeddnueselfaifaattuevulidltttyvvbaayallnufuiaeselhyoo.sffiA00s..s0o0f11mtgeghneOOtifCoCi/sn/hggedPssFeeaddObiioSmmveeenn,ttdwwuaaesstouussaeedd fboirotahcecuOmuClactoinocnemnotrdaetilonreinvePaloeodl 2thsatedfilmoewnetr. vSaelunessitifvoirtyOaCnacloynscisenotfrtahteiofnisshaPreFOasSsumed, model abppsrrioeseadodicciccicttauiiotmonendusslaPiintnFiddoOiincSca.amtteeodFddoettrhhlaaerttxe2aavmehhpaiillggeehhd,eerrtihfppaaeetnrriccfaeelsonnswttauaegmgreeevdaooflfcuoPPenFsFcOOefonSStrrwwOaootCuiulolcddnonobbfceeeOddnCeetrrraiiivvtneieosddnesffdrrioaommrmeenssateesdwdsiaiummsmeenelntdot:-,wemreoddel from 0.0110 0.0026 g OC/g sediment, associated PFOS. For example, if an from 0.01 to 0.0025 g OC/g sediment, 84-95% of PFOS accumulated by fish is predicted to be. assumed concentration of OC in sediment was lowered 94-95% of PFOS accumulated by fish is predicted to be ddperereridivivecedtdevvdiiaacottnhhceeenSSteerddaiitmmieoennnsttoEEfxxPppoFossOuuSrreeinPPcaarttehhawwsaaeyytoPP1FF0OO0SS-1ff,oo7rr0tt0hheenittghh,rreeweehmmiocodhdeesll ssstccieelnnacaroirmioopssa..raTTbhhleee to the a0apc.crtet0uud1aai1lcl0tvve0aad,llu0uce5eossncooOebbCnss/teergrarvvtsieeoeddndsibbmyyoefnMMtPPP,FCCO4AA5S-((5i22n060c11%r0e0)o.a)f.sefIIiffstthothhPee1F0OOO0CC-S1i,iin7np0pauu0ttttnvvrgaai/bllguuu,teeewdiishstioiicnnhsccerriedseaiasmssteeielnlddtc-fforaromsomsmpoattcrhhiaeeabtlddeeeedftfaoaPuultFlhttOeS, 0in.0d1icatotin0g.0t5hagt seCd/gimseendtim-PeFnOt,S4i5s -s5i6l%anofimfipsohrtPaFnOt Ssoiusracettr(ibruoutegdhltyohsalefd)imofePntF-aOsSsoaccicautemdulPatFedS, ibbpnryydeffidciisisahhc.tt.inedgMMottoohddtaeaelltlscppeoeendrrciffmeoonrertmnmrataa-ntPniccFoesOnsssSuuofffiffseePrrsssFtiilOfilftSathhniiissnimafaispsssoshuurdtmmaepncpttrtiiesooaonnsueiirsscsemmtaoa(drdo1eeu0,,-g1hhh8oloy0wwshnevagvallefgr).r,,oaafTssPhtiFthshOeerSarranaagnnceggceeuofmooffulated predicted predicted predicted valiuselosw compared to actual values observed total concentrations of PFOS in fish decreases to values is low compared to actual values observed in the MPCA 10-180 ng/g. in the MPCA (2010) study. This range of (2010) study. Corsieratons fo PEOS Envicnmental Fle Considerations for PFOS Environmental Fate 15.0153 15of53 22669911..00001188 ENVIRON ENV i ~O N STATE_01178242 STATE_01178242 Review Review of of PFOS PFOS IImmppaaPiirrmmeepenantrteiindn WfMoirissMsieisstsicipnppioitRRivaivenerrCPoPuoonotcl t22 Prepared for Metropolitan Council 55 SScciieennce--bbaasseedd AAllternaattiivve DDeecciisiioonn MMaakkiing ttoo DDeeffiinne and AAddddrress PFOS IImmppaaiirrmmeenntt iinn PPooooll 2 "TPThFheeOfSfoolliloomwwpiainniggfmsseeencctttiioionnnPrroeeovvliiee2wwassnMMdPPpCCrAoA'p'ssosiiennsiittiaaallnmmaalantneaarggneaetmmeeepnnattt hrreefssopproownansrsede b((MaMsPPeCCdAA,o,n220a011r00e))vittooewaadodfddrrPeeFssssOS science and the subsequent integration with Pool 2-specifc PFS impairment in Pool 2 and proposes an alternate path science and the subsequent integration with Pool 2-specific data. forward data. based on a review of PFOS 5F5o.11llowMMinPPgCCtAAheMMiamanpnaaaiggreemmmeneetnntdteRRteeerssmppionoanntssieeonttotohttahtheewaMMsPPbCCaAAse((d2200o11n00))aPPPoooooolll 222S-Stwtiuudddeyyaverage concentration oaoFfdfodPPllroFFewOsOisnSSigniignnthftferhreeeismsihhpmwwpaaaaitrtiemerrremcdenrrntuutdmmebtyooeffrem22s22tina99abnirtiigsgo/h/nggi,,nthgMMadPPtiwCCsacAAhsaaabrddgaooesppettmdeeiddtoansa fammoaraPnnMoaeaogtgl ere2omm-weVeniIdntWetTssaPttvr.raeattreaeMgggPyyeCaacAiimomnfeeicdrdestnaautttrsaetidon ccacroodindntecrcreeeisnonsntrtina(rgtCiaoCttnh)iesofooifnmrf pPPPaFFFiOrOOmSSSeiininnnt wwPbaoyatoteelersr2t.aaannbTddlihsffheiisisnhIhgCttiCisdssirssuuceeehpatrtooregseeeesstniliimmtmaasaittstheeyfpossoirittteMhe--esestpptireecocacilWfifiiucVcpVffpiTisesPhrh.ccmooMinntPssfuCuommArptptfhitirieosontnused cccPoroFintnecOcerSeinontnfrtrraa(otftmCiiooCinnn)goofefofsrPPtiPFFoFOOnOSSoSfiinPninossouuPlrr2offaoaclfciee2s.hwwaTaatnhteederrifaaCnsscCsisduuermmentepearddlesittooenngbbeteesstaaasossnhsoyoocpcfioiaaPttthoeeoeddlticww2aiittlshhuuraapfnnpaecaarecclcwcimaeetppiettrtaaf.obbrlleetBhddeaoossseeed oooffn adaPeFbbfiiioonSaaeccdfccrhouumummumulianlaangttieiohosenntaiolffatnahccottroofirrsPk((oBBaoAAslFFs2))efsddisseehrmriievavnenetddd pffinrarorcomaimdmeetthntheteearlMMs,iPnPgCMCeAPAsCti((o2A2n0011coa00fl))cPdduoalaotatalat,e,2daasssaurwwffeaCelcCllleaaowfssa7ootttenhhgree/.Lrr.ppBooaMllisccPeyyCd-- Aon subsequently applied defined human health subsequently applied the 7 ngiL {CC to risk assessment the 7 ng/L fCC to permit modeling for parameters, MPCA permit modeling for Metro WWTP. Based on permit calculated a fCC of 7 ng/L. MPCA Metro WWTP. Based on permit wmmaoodtedelreilniqngug,al,iMMtyPPsCCtAAanccdooanrndccslluufddoeerddPFtthhOaaStt.MMeettrroo WVVIWWTTPP hhaass aa RReeaassoonnaabbllee PPootteenntitiaall ttoo EExxcceeeedd ((RRPPEE)) water quality standards for PFOS. AAmlalttnhhaooguuiggnhhgMMmPPaCCnAAy''sstrppadrriootppiooonssaeelddchppeeemrrimmicitatttliinsngog-f-fofcococunuscseeedrdnaa,pptpphrreooaaavccahhilccaoobuullelddsbbiteee-aasnnpeaacpipfppirrcoopdpraritiaaatteeanffidirsstut nssitteqepupeiinn aeemndnavdvnirirreaoosgnnsinmmigenengnmtttaaahllenaayissmtpprpaeeacdcititrtssimoeoonfnfatPlPcFoFfhOOePSSmooiiiclnnadd2li.isccaaoSttepfeeccttohihfnaaitctceaaalrnnnly,aa,ltlhttaeeenrrnnaaaavltttaeeeilraaanppbappltereroosaaaiptccephh-rsommpaaeacycyhifbbicceeadnmmaobtoarereeasneeufdpfifpeeuoccnrttitiivqveeuedeiinn scientifically as addressing the scientifically as described below: impairment of Pool described below: 2. Specifically, an alternate approach can be supported + IImmppaaiirrmmeenntt iiss LLiimmiitteedd ttoo SSeeccttiioonn 44 wTTihhteehiaanvvSaaieilclaatbbilloeen PP4.oooolIlf22coddnaasttiaaddederememdoonosnnisrtaraastteeecttthhiaaotnt-PPbFFyO-OSseS-ca-tasissosonocbciaiaastitees,dd hiimumpmpaaaiinrrmmeeexnnpttoisissulrliimemiitttoeeddPttFooOooSrr in fwfaiisvisthehhrittnaiisgssSesuueefecitsbbioheentyyioo4snn.sddueIfSScceeooccntntciisoeoidnnnet44raetiidsis onnonoonstt assinuusffieffsiiccchtiiieoesnnnatt-mbttpooyl-rrseeeedsscuulitlnittoSiinnnecbaatannisoiiimsnm,spphaa1,iuirrm2mmaeeannnnttdessx3ttpaawottuesusursrebbebeeteccoalaPuuosswFeeOthSe in aeMMvvDDiedHHreangffciieseshh,fitstiiihsnsscstuliusueesdiuaaneddgvvciMissoPoonrrCcyyeAnlleetavvraeneltdlioooWnffes22s00itn00ofninnsgghsl/gegsda((iMmPmPepCnlCeAtAd,a, inn22d00S11w0ea0)ct.)t.eiorSSnePsevFve1eOr, raS2all acaahnddedddmiiti3tiisowotnnreaayrllednlaibnteeaes,lsowopofef ethreferrieevsvvihdiieebewniwoceeaeddc, crrieuensmsceuelulaadarrctcinhihgooonMnnmPttohhCdeeeAlffaiaattnneegdoodfWfePPmeoFFsntOOosSSntrsiiannetdaaeqiqmtuuhaeaattntiitcctahssenyydsssottweuemarmtcsseeoraafPnnddFtQhffieisSshhi,,cmhaapesasimwwreiemslelltlrnyaatssdiassstiiatte,e--psseppeeecrci-iffiicc faadissashstsoaobccdiiiooaaattenceoddctuwwmsiiuttuhphlpallootoricoctaanlltrmSSeeeaotccditteniogilinno4Pgno4cdPPle2FFmOOaoSSsnsssatoorsuauirtrncecgeetlsshe,,autppnrtirhiitmmedaarusrieoilluyytrocccooethnnoettafalmmtahirienngaeaimttdeeipddfafssiereemrddeieinmmnceetensnits.ti.n PTTFhheeOS `dcaotnacednotrnaotit osnuspipnoirstht,resautirnfgacPeowoalte2r,asaandsisnegdleimuennittdbueetwtoeethneSelacrtgieondi4ffearnedncSeesctiinoPnsFO1.S2 caaSoonnunddrc33ce..enstAArwallittthtihohooniuunsggShhinectthfhtiseeihrroe,ensaa4urrertefoannocootehbbweaararrritSeieeerrcr,sstaittnooodnppssrroeeefvvdeePimnontotelmnmto2o,vbveeueptmmwteaeenkentent oaoSffnefdficisstehihloieenmxxi4ppnooaatssnieedoddnStkloeoincPPetitFFoiOnOcssSSo1f, 2 PFOS in fish tissues suggest hat concentrations of PFOS in any fish emigrating from sources within Section 4 to other Sections of Pool 2, uptake and elimination kinetics of PFOS in fish tissues suggest that concentrations of PFOS in any fish emigrating from SSareeeccatstii.oonn 44 wwililll ddeeccrreeaassee ttoo lleevveellss bbeellooww 220000 nngg//gg wWiitthhiinn wweeeekkss ooff eleaavviinngg hhiigghh--eexxppoossuurree areas. iIIttmiipssauuinrnedddeerrfssottroo3oo0dd3(tthdha)attprrueerggpuuollsaaettsoo;rryyhppoowoleliivcceyyrrer,eqquwuihrireeensstdthheeeveeelnnoiptriireenttgyyaooffpePPoroomolil2i2nttgoo abbpeepllriisostateecddhaasts.o impaired for 303(d) purposes; however, when developing a permitting approach to eSR ES paare mos Hin 10158 Science-basedAIternative Decision Making to Define 16 of 53 and Address PFS Impairment in Pool 2 ~ENN VViI RR O ONN 22669911..00001199 STATE_01178243 STATE_01178243 mene ---- Review of PFOS Impairment in Mississippi River Pool 2 mm Prepared for Metropolitan Council Ey ------ address the impairment, M PCA has the regulatory latitude to use the data and other orgs ba moe a ay eae supporting evidence to manage a water body reach by stretches rather than an a a a beoa a voks Wt its S1o 08 mep smo sdobyd homogeneous unit. The data indicate that the actual source of the impairment is located in Section 4, that the contribution of Metro WVVTP PFOS to impairment is irrelevant and insignificant, and that PFOS limits for Metro VWVTP will not help MPCA address that sy ser oh be coon Se ht impairment by reducing fish tissue concentrations in Section 4 fish. The data indicate that Br pe rs WATE whe sve re aco effluent limits for PFOS at the Metro WW1-P will not resolve the impairment that is concentrated in Section 4. Focusing clean-up and restoration efforts on the section of asi sya son vas his her, Pool 2 (Section 4) with a demonstrated human health concern is more effective (cheaper, cea ve on ot ep sh so quicker, cleaner) than treating the entire Pool as if it were homogeneous, which essentially ears seston, A rons on 44d,,ilouortreaas ptphooerrttiieoofnnfottrhthseerraeenoofdf,, miissassyuunppoppotorarttdeedddrebbsyystththheeeddcaatotaar.e. problem. A focused approach to Section I SR -- Calculation of the IViPCA Fish Consumption Criterion is Inconsistent with the Methodology of the MDH Fish Tissue Advisory In implementing the mitigative strategy for the impairment in Pool 2, MPCA appears to have assumed that it needs to evaluate risks to human health via calculation of a water yn a 5 owt, EW ey tn ro quality criterion for PFOS in the form of a fCC. However, MDH has already evaluated the a dbs es sci vt ot gt risks to human health, and has established an acceptable fish tissue level of 200 ng/g. In ones a pan ies Hon mins order to remove the fish tissue impairment identified by MDH, the mitigative strategy i ah ms so EES re 20 needs to target those actions that will reduce average fish tissue PFOS levels below 200 Ce ere Pa PS ny gea lo 5 ng/g. Calculation of a fCC using the MPCA methodology targets a fish tissue level of 37 a os soso ng/g, which is five times lower than appropriate to address the impairment. Of specific interest in the calculation of the fCC is the use of the Relative Source Re Contribution (RSC) value, which accounts for the allowable percentage of exposure from eo te ro3s doom non ot the particular source of interest (in this case, Pool 2 fish and incidental ingestion of Pool 2 wwaateter)r.). TThhee RRSSCC vvaalluuee uusseedd bbyy MMPPCCAA ttoo ddeerriivvee tthhee fCCCC iiss 00..22;; aa vvaalluuee pprreessccriibbeedd bbyy hoy ha Sr ht os 00 Th MPCA policy for use in absence of chemical-specific data (MPCA, 2008). This value a FoF EaS ares ano i on 2 assumes that exposure from Pool 2 PFOS sources can be no more than 20% of the mr SEeeeptne FaOR sanocoy tt 3075 reference exposure dose that represents an upper limit for a PFOS dose with no adverse effects. In contrast, the RSC used to derive the MDH fish tissue advisory level of 200 ng/g is 1.0. Although this is less conservative than using 0.2, state and federal agencies take Bem a blab oh aE this approach because it is assumed that positive health benefits associated with fish me a sr sa sve ht von consumption partly outweigh risks associated with potentially adverse effects from I chemical exposure (OEHHA, 2008). The use of a RSC value of 0.2 results in a target concentration of PFOS in water and fish bichon ot iid le bio that is 5 times lower than to the level effective in removing the observed impairment. CE S95 cease Interpreting M PCA fCC calculations (M PCA, 2010), at a water concentration equal to the To a nan 5 134 a cot fCC value of 7 ng/L, a maximum concentration of 37 ng/g in fish tissue is the control limit. a Ho rain hobo ba hess een By using 7 ng/L as the criterion in permitting calculations, the effective concentration of mae aseans sm ovo my PFOS in fish tissue is calculated to be 37 ng/g or lower, which is unnecessary for iodide tds A appropriately addressing the impairment by lowering fish tissue concentrations below 200 nnggl/gg.. pore Science-basedAIternative Decision Making to Define and Address PFS Impairment in Pool 2 17 of 53 ERVIREH ~ N V I R O N 22669911..00002200 STATE_01178244 Seen 508 es Review of PFOS Impairment in Mississippi River Pool 2 FL Prepared for Metropolitan Council Te Fi Consumption Doss not Act fr hoo FOS The MPCA Fish Consumption Criterion Does not Account for the Major PFOS Sore Soma Source - Sediments AAppppllyyiinngg tthhee BBAAFF ttoo wwaatteerrss aanndd eefffflluueennttss aassssoocciiaatteedd wwiitthh aa ppooiinntt ssoouurrccee ddiisscchhaarrggee ((aass iinn tthhee ddeerriivvaattiioonn ooff tthhee ffCCCC)) eexxpplilicciittllyy pprreecclluuddeess ccoonnssiiddeerraattiioonn ooff sseeddiimmeenntt aass aa ssoouurrccee ooff Pe pphaieioes fv pmiibb PFOS (i.e., calculation of the fCC value does not include concentrations of PFOS in ian, ao amet se EA ora sediment). The current permit-focused approach to mitigating the impairment is to reduce metbe so Sos Poa cmon discharges to the water column. This approach assumes that the concentration in the Vr aS hat Vr 3 Cra Papo G05 water column will also decrease, resulting in a concurrent proportional decrease in fish oe rt sr cat Sons oy Gorgon tissue concentrations (a tenet of a water column BAF-based criterion). Using the osm esi tht ren 45, wee ood PS bioaccumulation modeling described above (Tables 4-6), water column-associated PFOS mary pom 1 ES ek sob. accounts for only approximately 15% of the PFOS in fish tissue, while sediment- a`assssoocciiaatteedd PPFFOOSS aaccccoouunnttss ffoorr aapppprrooxxiimmaatteellyy 8855%% ooff PPFFOOSS iinn ffiisshh ttiissssuuee.. SSiinnccee tthhee Ta Gotan EOS wormam oe seat oi rn majority (i.e., 85%) of fish PFOS exposure originates from sediment sources, even if Hee vets tara erm oy tah sors PFOS discharges to the water column were removed completely and all other conditions Fear an. ints APG te ly eran oy rot remained the same, concentrations of PFOS in fish are likely to remain relatively constant, morse paar ao ane Sar a Pk resulting in no change in the impairment status for fish in Section 4 of Pool 2. es na 41 Alternatively, a more specific targeted approach to mitigation of impairment in Section 4 to a`addddrreessss tthhee iimmppaaiirrmmeenntt ooff PPooooll 22 iiss ssuuppppoorrtteedd bbyy tthhee ddaattaa aanndd ootthheerr sscciieenntitiffiicc iinnffoorrmmaattiioonn.. 52_ nts 108 Wangament isis stave eo ve 5.2 Alternative PFOS Management Strategies Relative to Metro WVVTP ron ps pa oped gE Based on the previous sections, it is clear that a permit-focused mitigative approach to eon Eos games sh sesars 3 Poa kr oh so ahh addressing PFOS impairment in all sections of Pool 2 is not warranted, nor will it be effective in ior veo Sem tant Po et ogame addressing the Pool 2 impairment. Instead, Pool 2 data and ecotoxicological information on BE rp eta of actos oe TAT 7a PFOS support the implementation of a section-by-section approach to mitigating the rrr Oo Soi oo es or to sny a impairment. Only Section 4 fish exhibit fish tissue concentrations exceeding the MDH fish A be mph tissue concentration limits. A section-by-section consideration of the data and ecotoxicological rei gprs ge ee information on PFOS provides a holistic approach for addressing and prioritizing the many a or 7 Fat aE AO WER Ser aramebe, i sources of PFOS in the Pool 2 watershed, including legacy sediment contamination, groundwater, nonpoint source runoff, precipitation, and other industrial point sources, even in tthhee aabbsseennccee ooff aa ccoommpplleetteedd TTMMDDLL.. roe ppt sec md mea cars clots oat A more appropriate approach would be to tailor the fCC and subsequent calculations to properly esak Ta St B49 Bo eat set the fish tissue concentration endpoint, accounting for the discrepancy in the RSC values eToys apna 55 EOS nn et 5 used by MPCA and MDH, and to adjust the approximately 85% of PFOS in fish tissue that is eeit oyTw es om Bt a, Spo derived from sediment while only 15% is derived from the water column. Alternative permitting es mason, pest ses soa cot mt calculations (described below), properly adjusting for data, conclude that there is no Ferns oan ume thy no F708 Reasonable Potential to Exceed the water quality criterion for PFOS. Fis ENVIRON oda RSC vaso 10, wich condrss tofprNOM First, ENVIRON used a RSC value to of 1.0, which is consistent with the derivation of the MDH Tomas rao FOS 5 Soca (ows rire 208 fish tissue advisory level for PFOS as discussed previously (allows an end result of up to 200 peypaindeaordh5inrvtarttSennpgetota oh Siy b rr ng/g in fish tissue) and the level which will address the fish impairment. After applying this modification, the resulting fCC value is 34 ng/L. This value targets fish exhibiting concentrations ooff PPFFOOSS iinn ffiisshh ooff 118877 nngg//gg aanndd hhiigghheerr,, wwhhiicchh aapppprrooxxiimmaatteess tthhee 220000 nngg//gg ffiisshh ttiissssuuee aaddvviissoorryy ed rr hs wa ry snr na a level. Second, a modification was made to explicitly account for the contribution of sedimenteine PO yg EROS 0 PEGS Basa me cna associated PFOS by using ENVlRON's fish PFOS bioaccumulation model to estimate the rs at am rake ey ho om concentration of PFOS in the water column that would be necessary to elicit a concentration of Srpoe rs Science-basedAIternative Decision Making to Define 18 of 53 and Address PFS Impairment in Pool 2 LAL ~ N V I R O N 22669911..00002211 p-- STATE_01178245 Seen 508 eF s L Review of PFOS Impairment in Mississippi River Pool 2 Prepared for Metropolitan Council aapppprrooxxiimmaatteellyy 118877 nngg//gg iinn ffiisshh,, aassssuummiinngg aa ccoonncceenntrtraattiioonn ooff PPFFOOSS ooff 00..6699 nngg//gg iinn ssuurrffaaccee ar ora Ao Fo Suporte, Treo Aa 4 45 sediment (average value for Pool 2 upstream of Section 4). The resulting alternate fCC is 145 TOL a son cats Sos 1.30 veal 1 Conk ng/L (Table 7), and would be applicable to Sections 1,2, 3 and 4 upstream of 3M Cottage GGrroovvee.. Th, ENVIRON ed rssh backgroud ccrttLoonsorft Third, ENVI RON used a conservative background concentration of 5 ng/L for alternate Fam totes ee oe na, To eA MPoCrA permitting calculations based on observed instream values. The current MPCA permit eee insane goa Om rca a To oan calculations use a Mississippi River background PFOS concentration of 7 ng/L, a value that is Frey aT EFS res Tt Bie PRS rn not based on the actual instream PFOS measurements that are available. Instead, by unwritten opotiie g eipebic r policy, the value is set in the MPCA permit calculations to be equal to the fCC. If the bbaacckkggrroouunndd ccoonncceennttrraattiioonn aanndd ffCCCC aarree eeqquuiivvaalleenntt,, tthheenn tthheerree iiss nnoo aassssiimmililaattiivvee ((ddiilluuttiioonn)) `ccaappaacciittyy iinn tthhee rreecceeiivviinngg wwaatteerr aanndd,, eeffffeeccttiivveellyy,, tthhee ffCCCC iiss tthhee eenndd--ooff--ppiippee ppeerrmmiitt lliimmiittaattiioonn.. EE ia oe oe i ped PEGS MPCA's rationale for this approach is that the receiving water is listed as impaired for PFOS and om Samat Boag SvRtng ee applying this approach is "established practice" toward not causing or contributing to further aan EVR spate gos a hroh impairment. ENVIRON modified the applicable background concentration to reflect actual Isammessymos PS ort 1 WA mt Th steve 18 instream measurements of PFOS from the official MPCA database. The actual instream results ps pyiinbod o-oo (<5.07 ng/L, <5.11 ng/L, and <4.93 ng/L) indicate that PFS is not detected in upstream aren var atbo 5SEC2A navidn ndsSteir Sbio. Seurot0 Mississippi River water at an approximate method detection limit of 5 ng/L. These values are also consistent with the 2010 MPCA sampling conducted in Sections 1 and 2 upstream of the MMeettrroo VWWWVTTPP ddiisscchhaarrggee ((sseeee TTaabbllee 11)).. Toru es 0 RPEst of eek VTP ENVIRO ani HEC To numerically assess the RPE status of the Metro VVV~I-P, ENVIRON used the standard MPCA en as Raton ne) EASEHE 150 spreadsheet with the two alterations as described above: 1) an alternate fCC of 145 ng/L (in the ent Walton pe nha 3 sat spreadsheet this is referred to as the continuous standard - cs), and 2) a background ccoonncceenntrtraattiioonn ooff 55 nngg//LL.. AA rreepprroodduuccttiioonnoofftthhiiss sspprreeaaddsshheeeett ffoorr PPFFOOSS iiss ggiivveenn iinn TTaabbllee 88.. NNoo riper Lb eptember tobi other input parameters to the spreadsheet were changed from the original MPCA calculations ((iinncclluuddiinngg W WWWTTPP ffllooww,, rriivveerr 77QQ1100 vvaalluuee,, eettcc)..). W Wiitthh tthheessee ttwwoo iinnppuutt mmoodidfifiiccaattiioonnss,, tthhee rreessuullttiinngg aalltteerrnnaattee wwaatteerr qquuaalilittyy bbaasseedd eefffflluueenntt lliimmiittss ((WWQQBBEELLSs)) aarree 11,,885566 nngg//LL. ((ddaaiillyy mmaaxxiimmuumm)) aanndd 11,,007711 nngg//LL ((mmoonntthhllyy aavveerraaggee).). TToo aasssseessss tthhee RRPPEE ssttaattuuss,, tthhee pprroojjeecctteedd eefffflluueenntt qquuaalilittyy ((PPEEQQ)) iiss na ely mo WEBEL 15 PE es Toy mn compared to the alternate daily maximum WQBEL; if the PEQ is less than the daily maximum OenEcEveyrte7dKE rt pn i en ern WQBEL, then there is no RPE and no further permitting action (such as implementation of numeric limits) is warranted. hor PE E5010 Haro WT perio ccdtin isc The original PEQ value (650 ng/L in Metro WWTP permitting calculations) is a statistical na en a ro ae SH TAPS projection of the maximum expected effluent concentration and essentially applies a multiplying o Enaamtaston 3v3a5r1asana amreayvi,aMoGSno.t moaetsa 0S factor (2.6 - based on the number and variability of the database, i.e., 4 samples and a coefficient of variation of 0.6) to the maximum value. MCES has more representative PFOS eefffflluueenntt ddaattaa ((JJuullyy,, 22001100)),, wwhhiicchh rreessuullttss iinn aann uuppddaatteedd PPEEQQ ((ddiissccuusssseedd bbeellooww).). SSiinnccee tthhee `oorriiggiinnaall PPEEQQ ((665500 nngg//LL)) iiss lleessss tthhaann tthhee aalltteermnaattee ddaaiillyy mmaaxxiimmuumm W WQQBBEELL ((11,,885568 nngg//LL)),, tthhee erm de SAREE rp Pe Metro VWVTP does not exhibit a RPE. Also, the original PEQ (650 ng/L) is less than the mmoonntthhllyy aavveerraaggee W WQQBBEELL ((11,,007711 nngg//LL),), ffuurrtthheerr ssuuppppoorrttiinngg tthhiiss ffiinnddiinngg.. TThhee ccoonncclluussiioonn ooff nnoo es ny Po clo boop ark ATs wr RPE is based directly on MPCA calculation methodologies and input parameters except for two aalltteerrnnaattee ppaarraammeteetersrs:: aa mmoorree aapppprroopprriiaattee ccoonnttiinnuuoouuss ssttaannddaarrdd ((ffCCCC)) ooff 114455 nngg//LL aanndd aa erm a es on Mississippi River background concentration of 5 ng/L derived from instream data. Srpoe Science-basedAIternative Decision Making to Define and Address PFS Impairment in Pool 2 19 of 53 22669911..00002222 LAL ~ N V I R O N sore ovate STATE_01178246 Sev met Review of PFOS Impairment in Mississippi River Pool 2 FL Prepared for Metropolitan Council Hor score WIP srt ECS st aco tr ho se More recent Metro WVVTP effluent PFOS data are available as alternate values to those eres hos. Reta fomay. oes S470 re SO og presented above. Results from a 7-day, consecutive 24-hour composite sampling program Canis So wearers conducted in July 2010 are presented in Table 9, which indicate values well below the previous Pa oii $50 (oy vo SPSL) Goin maximum effluent concentration of 250 ng/L (maximum daily value of 56.3 ng/L). Given the aa see oma Creer, 72 rr ce more representative sample type (24-hour composite versus single grab) and recent changes to i ma Wosbee i het bt eso contributing industrial users, Metropolitan Council believes this data set better characterizes the rer Sec current Metro VWVTP discharge. at ars eso oy 2010 case args 22105319. in ct Daily average values from the July 2010 database ranged from 42.2 to 56.3 ng/L and reflect a ote heed i hot. or WtWATE SPF decrease in PFOS associated with influent, resulting in lower Metro VWVTP effluent PFOS or te anos s vais Sa PothWAT Tee5 concentrations due to changes in wastes received at the Metro VWVTP. These changes are lliiikmkepelllyyerrmeeellanattteeedddttbooycc3hhMaannOggaeekssdaaattliiennddguursstorturiinaadllweeallteeeccrttrro(oSpppllraaittniingn,gg ff2aa0cc1i0ill)iit.tiieessAlaasnnodd, ssmooouurrrecceecoccnoonfntitrdrooellncmmeeeacasasunurrbeeess placed implemented by 3M Oakdale groundwater (Spring, 2010). Also, more confidence can be placed ny 013 tt crea 24 ee ses. vee Ho in the July 2010 dataset because it is comprised of 24-hour composite samples. Previous Metro a ho ne 6 a a 3 VWVTP effluent data are derived from grab samples that provide a less-representative mor amy Agony sy 200.1 cn 30 "snapshot" of effluent quality. Using only the July 2010 data, 7 samples with a default an ara OR ae skp 3 MPR ie 120 coefficient of variation of 0.6 yields a multiplying factor of 2.0 and an updated PEQ value of 2.0 *x 5566..33 nngg//LL == 111122..66 nngg//LL.. TThhee uuppddaatteedd PPEEQQ ((111122..66 nngg//LL)) yyiieellddss aa vvaalluuee ssiiggnniiffiiccaannttllyy lleessss tthhaann tthhee oorriiggiinnaall PPEEQQ ccaallccuullaatteedd iinn tthhee MMPPCCAA sspprreeaaddsshheeeett ((685500 nngg/L/L).). TThhee uuppddaatteedd PPEEQQ iiss mmoorere. tof cr Hao WTS Sr doh rans a ty representative of current Metro VVWTP effluent due to the recent changes in influent quality and Samer aot arin on the more robust sampling approach. NREL avr 150 of ang an bec rt ene reson BBootthh tthhee oorriiggiinnaall ((665500 nngg//LL)) aanndd uuppddaatteedd ((111122..66 nngg//LL)) PPEEQQss rreessuulltt iinn aa ffiinnddiinngg ooff nnoo RRPPEEfoforr WQBELs derived from an fCC of 145 ng/L and a Mississippi River background concentration of n5bgan/cgkL/gL.r. oFuFunurdrtthhceeorrn,,ceffoonrrtrtthaheteibboenetttuteeprrtrroeeapprrleeessveeenlnttaeatqtiiuvvaeelJJtuuollyyth22e00{11C00Cdda(at1taa4bb5aanssgee/,,L)uusswieelloofaflaasnnoyyreaasllutteletrrnniaanttinivvoeeRPE. background concentration up to a level equal to the fCC (145 ng/L) will also result in no RPE. Srpeoo mrs Science-basedAIternative Decision Making to Define 20 of 53 and Address PFS Impairment in Pool 2 22669911..00002233 LAL ~ N V I R O N soe auras STATE_01178247 Review Review of of PFOS PFOS IImmppaaPiirrmmeepenantrteiindn WfMoirissMsieisstsicipnppioitRRivaivenerrCPoPuoonotcl t22 Prepared for Metropolitan Council 66 CCoonncclluussiioonnss 2EE,NNrVVeIIvRRiOeOwNNediinnaddneedppeeenvndadelenuntatltlyyedaannthddeccsrritittaiictcaael-llloyyfaa-tnnhaaell-yyszzceeiddenppcueubblrlieiccgllayyr--caaivvnaagiillaPabbFlleeOSPPFFfOaOtSSe iccnhhaeeqrmuiaisstttircyy sddyaastttaaemiinsn.PPooooll a2rre,deldalrretaeivvtsieiesvwtitooenegdPPoioaomon)plda22i,,ervaamannelddnutaaatcsesossdneedtssihssteeeioddsntsatthhtaeeet-toeerxfxi-iibtsshuttteiinen-dgsgpctpeioeerntrmhmcieetitd-brbieasagscsaheeradddrignmmegaaonPnfaaFPggOFeeSmOmeSfeanntftetraaoinpmpppaMrrqeooutaaarcctohhicWffosoWyrrTsPte.ms Based on ths independent research and analysis, addressing impairment conditions attributed to the Based on this independent research and analysis, ENVIRON makes the following discharge of PFOS from Metro ENVIRON makes the following WkkeeVyyVffTiinPnd.diinnggss:: 1. AAocncttauuaasllecffitisoshhn-ttbiisyss-ssuueeectPPiFFonOOSbSasiim ims,ppaatihirremmoeennlntyt iSissecllitimimoiitnteeoddfttPooooSSleec2ctttiiohoannt 44exiihnnibPPiotosoolilm22p..aiWWrhmheeennnteeivvsaaSlleuucaatttieeoddn 4M4onP((oaCorarAsae(ppco2otri0rot1tnii0oo-)nbnysttt-hhsueederryece.ctofio)f).nO. vbSSeaeresccit9stii,9ootnn%he44ofoiisnthtltyheheeS22emm2cootsifsotitnsddhooosfwwanPnmsosptotlrrleee2daamtmihnassSttteuuecddxtyyhioissbneeistccstt1iiio,mo2nnopoaaffniPrdPmooo3eo,lnlat22lisoiinnnSgttehhwceeititohn their average MPCA (2010) their average and 90 study. and 90 ppOeerrvcceeenrnt9iti9llee%vvaaollfuuteehsse,, are222 are below the evel fish sampled in below the level indicative Sections indicative of impairment. and do 1, 2 and 3, along with of impairment, and do nnoott trriiggggeer2ra fiisshh aaddvviissoorryy.. MMPPCCAA''ss iimmppaaiirmmmeenntt ccaallccuuilaattioonnss iimmpprrooppeerrllyy ccoommbbiinnee ddaattaa frroomm aTallhl effooduuarrtSSaeecactntiidoonnosst.,herrreesseuuvllittiidnneggnciinneaainssdccioocappteee ootffhatththeethiiemmippmaapiirammierenmntetnththaastt iilssimNnioottetdssuutoppppSoeorcrttteeiddonbbyy4 ttohnheleyd,daatatasa.. TffeiislhsehehvmamdtoaoevtvdaeecmamoennedncntetontpptharaeattrttteieerovmnnissdseaaannntcddleePPvienFFldOOsicSSoaftbbeciioootnahacccaecctruutnhmmueaulrialmaettipiloooannciramiitnneedffniiswsthhiitsaahrrliieemn ssSituueecccdthhitottohhnSaat4et.cffiitsTisohhhneeexx4hahivoibbaniiilttyiain,bnggalse ededfaalfettivaacaiaaetennntdddtcoccouusrnrerrcleeeenncnttttirkkvannetlooioywwnlalsepedpdalggtyeelemooviffetilPPsgFFaotOOifvSSceoeesnnncvrveiirrarnoontnammreeeetngnltootaiacellaaetcccehhshdeemmwsieisitscthttririnyyonSiinnebddcaiictcsiaoaettndee 4toth.nhaaTtt hhtiteesissapmmveocaoisilfsatitbcle contributions and sources. efficient to selectively apply contributions and sources. mitigative strategies to each section based on the specific 2. AASedllooiccmaaellniiztzeeaddndPPFFwaOOtSSerssdooauutrracceefrwwoimitthhMiiPnnCSSAeeccattniodinoo4nt4heiissr rrpeeussbippcoolnnys-siaibbvlaleeilffaoobrlreiimmrepppaoairitrrsmm,eenantst..weAAlvvaaaiislaabsbiilteee- Sssspepeecedctciimifiofiienccn4PPt FFaanrOOedSSrwffeiaissstphheorbbnsidioioaabatclaceccfurfuomormmuutlaahMettiPooiCnnmpAmmaoiaodrndmedeleniliotnn.tggh,,eCirinonpddnuiciccbeaanltittceerlyatt-hhtaaaivttoanlliolsoaccboaafllleiizPzereFeddOpccoSoorntnsidnd,iiwtatiiaosotnnwessrewwlaliintathhdsiinnsite- osSsruuerrmcffoatairocceene ss4ieenaddlriieemmnegreentnhtstpaaaorlloneonsnoiggbrldaaeerppfosoorrrotttfiihoomennaigoomfnfpitthatheeiurdm33eMeMnhitCC.goohtCtettraoaggntehecaeGGnnrrtaoorvavveteeiroassnghhsoeororeueflplPiisnnFteeOraaeSppapmpirnrovowxaxliaiummteaesatr.teeallnFyydi11shmmiillee bioaccumulation or more in length bioaccumulation modeling reveals that concentrations are orders of magnitude higher than modeling reveals that concentrations of PFOS in sediment and average upstream values. of PFOS in sediment and water Fish water iinn tehhliiisscitaarcreeoana,c,eaansstrwwaetelillloaansss ttihnheefirrsehemthmaaiatndeiexnrcoeodfefedtthhreteheddooMwwDnnsHsttrrfeieasahmmtippsoosrrutteiiooanndovofifsSSoerecycttlioievnoe4ln4,,foaarrreePFlliOikkSee.llyy ttoo TPTeohlhiocrrliootuu2cgg,ohhnrooecuupetrtnePPtsrooaeootnlitloin22n,,sgmmianoopdfdpeisrelholiixnntihggmaaidtdteeeenxnltcytiiefi8ieee5dss%sstheeoeddfiiMPmmFeDenOnHtSt faaisesshxptthtohieessuspprurreeiismm.aaadrrvyyisssoooruuyrrccleeeveooflf PFOS to fish for PFOS. PFOS to fish iinn Pool 2, representing approximately 85% of PFOS exposures. 3. sMMuPPpCCpAoA'r'ssteppdrrobopypootssheeedddappteearr.mmiAittp--pbblaaiscsaeetddiommnaaonfnaaMggeePmmeAennttprrreeospspoposoenndsseenuttmooerPPiFFcOOalSSpiiennrmPPiootoo-llba22sffeiidsshh iiss nnoott sauanpupdppperrprooosaatrcctahehnddbbieebnyyygoonntohfddePSSdFeeacOctttSaiio.onennA44vpipiirssloincnnoaomttteionsstnuuappolppfoocrMhrtteePemddiCsAbtbryy'sy.PPpooroooMllepto22rsoddepaadottlaaniuaatamnnnddeCrttoihhcueeanlcccipuulrerrrrdeemonntiett-sssbccaniieosententditdiffeiiccny that dMuMeonetedtrsreoornsWVotatvWvnrvTdeqis-nPuPgltddoiiisfnsccPthhhFaaeOrrgigSemepsseanPPivrFFimrOCoeSSnnmtttotoehnPaPttoaooolhllacs22h.;ebmhheooiewswnetrevyove.bre,srM,erePPvtFFreoOOdpSSoonlrirlteeayllneieanaCssSoeeeuddcntffcirroiolomndm4oMMeoesefttrnrPoooootWVldWWe2TV.n1Py-.Pthat aCdCroooenencsbceeennltnoorttrwaartetfiiisoosunhnlsstadioonvffitPhPseoFFrOOiymSSlpeiiavnneilrffsmii.ssehhnCaatossnthcccaellotnostsheeraasaatssiboe22nesttnoooof77bPrrsiivFeveerOvrrSemmdiiilnloeensssulyddroofinawwcnSnessewttcrarettieoaeanmrm4aoonfofdfMMsePeetotdrroioolme2WVn.WWt.VT1-PP aiaalmrlsespooabiiienrnlddmoiiewccnaatfttieesohbtthhsaaaedttrvvttiheseeodrPPiynFFlSeOOevSScetlsiiin.notnthChe4e.onMMceeettrnrootraWWtiVWoVnT-sI-PPofddiiPssFcchOhaaSrrggiene doesnot result in surface water and does not result in thesediment the impairment observed in Section 4. McMoPPnCsCAiAd'e'ssr ppsrreoodppioomsseeenddt nnausummaeresiroiccuaarllceppoeefrrmmPiit-F-bbOaaSsseedddesaapppipptrerootaahccehhsffioogrrniMMfeiecttarrnoot VW(W~W8VT5T%PP) ddcoooneetssrinnboouttt ieeoxxnpploilicfciittllyy sediment-associated PFOS to PFOS impaitment. Concentrations of PFOS in sediment consider sediment as a source of PFOS despite the significant (~85%) contribution of sediment-associated PFOS to PFOS impairment. Concentrations of PFOS in sediment Concusions Conclusions 2105 21 of 53 ENVIRON ENV i R0 N 22669911..00002244 STATE_01178248 STATE_01178248 Review Review of of PROS PFOS IImmppaarsirommpeeannrtteiidnn ifMrsisiMseisstiscioppppoilRRtiaivvneerrCPPoooncolcl !22 Prepared for Metropolitan Council aarree nnoott eexxpplilicciittllyy aaccccoouunntteedd ffoorr iinn tthhee ccuurrrreenntt BBAAFF aanndd iittss ssuubbsseeqquueenntt uussee ttoo ggeenneerraattee aa `wwaatteerr qquuaallittyy ccrriitteerriioonn aapppplliiccaabbllee ttoo ppooiinntt ssoouurrccee ddiisscchhaarrggeess.. TThhee ccuurrrreenntt wwaatteerr ccoolluummnn-- waainnlddlppiokoeiilnnytt-b-sseoouuinrrcecfeefeddciitssiccvhehaairrnggaeed--dbbraaessseesddinaagppppirrmoopaaaccihhrmwweiinllltnnioonttSaaeddcddtrireeossnss4PPfiFFshOO. SS iinn sseeddiimmeenntt, aanndd tthhuuss. will likely be ineffective in addressing impairment in Section 4 fish. MFMPPOCCASA''sisn ppPrroooopploo2sseeidds iaanppcppornrosoiaasccthhentttoowddieetthteertrmhmeiinnMiinnDggHtthhfeeisnnhuutmmiesresiruicecaaalldvppieesrrommriyitt--lbbeaavsesleeddusmmeaadnntaaoggteermmiegegnentrt ooff MDH has already evaluated the risks to human health via consumption of PFOS in isn, PFOS in Pool 2 is inconsistent with the MDH fish tissue advisory level used to trigger it. MDH has already evaluated the risks to human health via consumption of PFOS in fish, aanndd hhaass eessttaabblliisshheedd aann aacccceeppttaabbllee ffiisshh ttiissssuuee lleevveell ooff 220000 nngg//gg.. IInn oorrddeerr ttoo rreemmoovvee tthhee ffiisshh ttiissssuuee iimmppaaiirmmeenntt iiddeennttiiffiieedd bbyy MMODHH,, tthhee mmiittiiggaaitiivvee ssttrraatteeggyy nneeeeddsstoto ttaarrggeett tthhoossee aaccttiioonnss tthhiaaststuwweiillllerrveeeldduuoccfee37ffiissnhhg/ttgiis,ssswuuheeicPPhFFOOisSSfillveeevvteelilssmebbseelllooowwwe22r00t00hannngg/w/gg.h.atMMwPPilCClAAbemmeeeftfthheocodtdioovlelooiggnyyrtteaamrrgogveetitssngaa tffihissehh impairment tissue level of impairment. 37 ng/g, which is five times lower than what will be effective in removing the EEvveenn wwiitthh aann eenndd--ooff--tthhee--ppiippee ppeerrmmititttiinngg mmaannaaggeemmeenntt ppaarraaddiiggmm,, iit iiss cclleeaarr tthhaatt ppeerrmmititttiinngg aaccttiioonn iiss nnoott rreeqquuiirreedd ffoorr MMeettrroo WWWTTPP aanndd wwililll nnoott bbee eeffffeeccttiivvee iinn rreedduucciinngg ffiisshh ttiissssuuee cacoopnpncrceeonantrctrahatttiiohoanntss,,isaamnnoddrttehhuucssonaasddidsdtrreeensstssiwinniggthtthhaeectIiummaplpaadiiarrtmmeaenatn.nt.d UUtshseiinnMggDaaHmmofodisdihfifiiteeiddssppueeerrmamidtvittitiisnnoggry used to Iaiddpeepnntrtioiffayyciihmmptphaaiairrtmmiesenmtn,to, raaesscwwoeenlllsl isaatssenaatwwwaatittheerra--cccotoulluaumlmdnnacctarriittaeenrridioonnthttehhaaMtt DeexxHpplifliiccsiihttllyytisaasccucceoouuanndttvssisffooorrryPPuFFsOOeSSd tiinon sseeddiimmeenntt, aa RReeaassoonnaabbllee PPootteennttiaall ttoo EExxcceeeedd bbyy MMeettrroo WVVWWTTPP ddooeess onott eexxiisstt. IInn ccoonncclluussiioonn,, lleevveellss ooff iimmppaaiirrmmeenntt iiddeennttiiffiieedd bbyy MMPPCCAA ((22001100)) aarree bbaasseedd oonn eelleevvaatteedd PPFFOOSS ffSoeoucuntndidossnoo4lleeollyry iainn pSSoeertccittoioinnot4nh4effriisesohhfltgiisisssvuueeen.. fiIIsmmhppmaaoiivrtmmeemennettnitiss paaanntddtwweimilllsllaiiknkeedllyytcchooenntttiiinmnueueescttooalbbeeeforrreessPttrrFiicOctteSedd ttoo uptake Section uptake aa4nnddoreealliimpmioinnraatittoiiononnthiinen rffeiissohh.f. Multiple given fish Multiple lliminneoessveoomff eeevvniitddpeeanntccteeerininnsddiiaccnaatdteethtthheaatttimllooeccaasllcssaooleuurrfccoeerssPooFffOPPSFFOOSS iinn SSeeccttiioonn 44,, eessppeecciaiallllyy PPFFOOSS iinn SSeeccttiioonn 44 ssuurrffaaccee sseeddiimmeenntt,, aarree rreessppoonnssiibbllee ffoorr tthhee iimmppaaiirrmmeennt.t. `TiTnhhaeedpdprrroeopspsooissneegddtppheeerrimmmiiptt-a-fiforocmcueusnsete,dd aaappnppdrroomaaaccyhh,,laaatsseraaippmpplpliieeedddettoao MMmeoetrtrreoo eWWffWVeTVctTPiPv,e, iiTssMllDiikLkee-llyfyottocobubeseeiidnneeaffpffeepccrttioivvaeec.h ttinoo auudnndddereerrssssttaiannngdd taahnneddimmmapaanniaramggeeenttthh,eeaccnoodnntmtrriiabbyuuttliaiootnenssr ioomffpttheheedemmuaullimtittouurddeeeeooffffesscootuiuvrrecceeTssMaaDnnLdd-fddoeecffuiinnseeedccooammppplperleoxxa.ch eennvviirroonnmmeennttaall pprroocceesssseess iinnvvoollvveedd wwiitthh tthhee ffaattee ooff PPFFOOSS iinn PPooool2l2. Conclusions Conclusions 20053 22of53 22669911..00002255 ENVIRON ENV i RO N STATE01178249 STATE_0].178249 Review Review of of PFOS PFOS IImmppaaPiirrmmeepenantrteiindn WfMoirissMsieisstsicipnppioitRRivaivenerrCPoPuoonotcl t22 Prepared for Metropolitan Council 77 RReeffeerreenncceess AAhhrree2nn0s0s,8,.LL.,,PYYaaramtmatsaohsrihitinatag,,beNN.f.i, aYYveieuournngog,f, pLLe.WrW.-Y.aY.n.,dTTpaaonlnyyiyfalasusuou,r,oaSS.l,.k,yHlHoocrroiii,m, pYY.,o.,uLLnaadimsn,,bPPeK.tKwS.eS.e.,nEEpbboirinnegghwhaaautuses,r, aRRn. d 2009. Partitioning behavior of per- and polyfluoroalkyl compounds between pore water and S69e7d5i.mentin two sediment cores from Tokyo Bay, Japan. Environ. Sci. Technol. 43:6969- sediment in two sediment cores from Tokyo Bay, Japan. Environ. Sci. Technol. 43:69696975. AAmrnootpto,,teJJn.AAti,.a,lGGoaofbboaarssg,,anFFi..AcA.PcP.h.eCCm..ic22a00l00s33.i.n AAaqggueaentneiecrriifccooQQdSSwAAeRRbs.ffoorrQaaSssAsseeRssssCiionnmggbtt.hheeScbbii.iooaa2cc2cc:uu3mm3u7ul-al3at4tii5oonn potential of organic chemicals in aquatic food webs. QSAR Comb. Sci. 22:337-345. BBeecckSkeuerl,rf, oAAnM.aM.te., iGGneterhresstimsmeaadnnin,m,enSS.t., oFFfrrtaahnnkek.,RoHH.t.er2200M00a88iaan..rPiPveeerrrf,flluBuoaoyrrrooeoouccttthaa,nnooGiieccraamccaiinddyaa.nnddEppnveeirrrffoluunoo.rrooPooolcclttuaatnnee 165.818-820. sulfonate in the 156:818-820. sediment of the Roter Main river, Bayreuth, Germany. Environ. Pollut. BBeeccktkeherer,,mAAa.jMMo.r., sGGoeeurrrsscitemmoaafnnnin,v,eS5r..,poFFlrlrauatnnikok,n,.HH.C. h22e00m00o88sbb.p.hPPeeerrreffllu7uo2or:ro1oo1o5cc-tia1a2nn1ee. ssuurrffaaccttaannttss iinn wwaassttee wwaatteerrss,, the major source of river pollution. Chemosphere 72:115-121. `CCoonnbddeieror,a,cJJc.MuMm,.u,lHHaotokikeve,e,?RR--.AAA..,cddrieetiWWcoalloflrf,,evWWi.e.,wRRauunssdsseeclllol,mpMMa..HrH.i.s, oBBnuucvckik.t,hRR.p.CeC.r.si22s0t00e08n8.t. [AAporrpeehiPPiFFcCCcAAoSsmpounds. Environ. Sci. Technol, bioaccumulative? - A Environ. Sci. Technol. 42995-1003. critical review 42:995-1003. and comparison with persistent lipophilic compounds. FFuunnkFk,i,sJJh..erLL.i. es1199S55o77c..ieMtMyoov8v5ee:mm3e3e-n5nt7t.ooff ssttrreeaamm ffiisshheess iinn MMisisssouoruir.i. TTrraannssaaccttiioonnss ooff tthhee AAmmeerriiccaann Fisheries Society 85:39-57. GGiieessEyyn,,viJJ.r.onPP...,, SKKcaia.nnnnTaaennc,h, nKK.o.l220300501:1.1.33GG9lla-ob1ba3al4l 2ddiissttrriibbuuttiioonn ooff ppeerrffluucorrooooccttaannee ssuullffoonnaattee iinn wif. wildlife. Environ. Sci. Technol. 35:1339-1342. GGiieessTyye.,cJhJ..noPP.l.,, KK3a6a:nnnn1aa4nn6,,4-KK.1.522200A0022.. PPeerrffliuuoorroocchheemmiiccaall ssuurrffaaccttaannttss iinn tthhee eennvviirroonnmmeennt,t. EEnnvviirroonn.. SSccii. Technol. 36:146A-152 A. GGoobbaass FF.AA.PP..CC,, KKeellllyy,, BB..CC..,, AAmrnoolt,, predicting the bioaccumulation JJof.AA.P. O22P00s0033.i. tQQeururaenastntirttiitaaalttiifvvoeeodssttwrrueucbcttsuu.rree-G-aaSccttAivvRiittyyCrroeemllaabttioiSoncnsishhii2pp2ss:3ffo2or9r - 3predicting 336. the bioaccumulation of POPs in terrestrial food webs. QSAR Comb Sci 22:329- GGoobbacashs,e, mFFi..cAAaP.P.lC.Ci.. aq11u999a93t3.i.c AfAommoododwdeeelblsff:oorrAppprrpeelddiiciccattiiningogntththoes LbbaiokiaeocOcnautmacriuocla.tuioEmncoouoflfhlMhyoydaddrerotolppihho6oo8b:bin1icc-1oo7.rrggaanniicc chemicals in aquatic food-webs: Application to Lake Ontario. Ecol Model 69:1-17. HHiiggggSiionniss,,TCCe.PcPm..,oLL.uutt4hhyy0.,7RR2G.5G.1.722200500656.. SSoorrppttiioonn ooff ppeerrfflluuoorrinnaatteedd ssuurrffaaccttaannttss oonn sseeddiimmeentn.t. EEnnvviriroonn.. Sci. Technol. 40:7251-7256. HHiiggggpiiennrss,f,uCCo..rPPo..c,,hMMecmcLiLeceaooldds,, iPPn..8sB.e.,,diMMmaaeccnMMtasnaunbsyu-stS-hSpepeaenqncuceaertri,,cLLoA.lA.i.,g, oLLcuuhttahhysy.t,eRRL.uGGm..br22i00c00u77l.u. sBBiviooaaarciceccguuammtuuulsalattiioonn ooff Environ. Sci. Technol perfluorochemicals in Environ. Sci. Technol. 41:4600-4606. sediments by the 41:4600-4606. aquatic oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus. HHoouudFdreea,,ctMMi,.o,naCCtzziuuobbn,,aGGn.,.d,SbSmimaolaa,cllc, uJJm..MuMl.,a,tBBiaoacnckkouufss,p,eSSr.,.f,iWWuoaarnongog,c,tXXa,n.,eAAslluaaleefeeo,,naMM.t,.e,M(MuPruFi,rO,SDD)..CCi.s.GGo.m.er22s0000in88a. Lake Ontariofood web Fractionation and Ontario food web. Environ. Sci. Technol, 42:9357-940. bioaccumulation of perfluorooctane sulfonate Environ. Sci. Technol. 42:9397-9403. (PFOS) isomers in a Lake JJoonneeTssowMMt.aJ.Jn,.d, rSSittvuueararrattnLId.GG.f.lo22o00d0p08l8a.i.n.LLaatEteecrroaalllommgyoovoefmvFreeenstohmowffaccteooermmnmmFoitosnnh c1ca8ar:rpp17((-CC6yy2pprriinnuuss ccaarrppioioL.)L) iinna laalarrggee lowland river and floodplain. Ecology of Freshwater Fish 18:17-82. References References Boiss 23 of 53 22669911..00002266 ENVIRON ENV i RO N STATE_01178250 STATE_01178250 Revoif PeFOwS Review of PFOS IImmppaaPiirrmmeepenantrteiindn WfMoirissMsieisstsicipnppioitRRivaivenerrCPoPuoonotcl t22 Prepared for Metropolitan Council KKwwacaiidniikjak,q,uCCa.tJ.iJ.c.AAs.FFys.,,tKeKomorsyryttia~nrr,t,hPPe.,.,NeKKtohoeeerlmllaamnndass.,nAAs.EA,An.v.ir22o00n11.00..SciDD.iissTtterrciibhbnuuottilio,onno4of4f:pp3eer7rf4fll6uu-oo3rr7iin5na1atteedd ccoommppoouunnddss in aquatic systems in the Netherlands. Environ. Sci. Technol. 44:3746-3751. LLiinn,, wAAa.YsYt..e, wPPaaatnneccrhhraaennagglaammm,e, nSS..CpC.l,.a,ntCCsiiooauun,,dPP.d. owHHiniggshhtrlleeevvaeemllssrioovffeprpseerrpffolulsuoerroogccrhheeaetmmiiiccsaakllssoiinnloTTcaaailiwwaaaqnun'a'sstic ecosystems. Chemosphere wastewater treatment plants ecosystems. Chemosphere 80:1167-1174. and downstream 80:1167-1174. rivers pose great risk to local aquatic MMaalliiFnnilsslkkeytys,,. MM.U.OD.S.E2P200A00992..00CC8oomNmpaatpriaaorbnaiablliilFittyoyraaunnmddoSSnttaaCnnoddnaatrrdadimizziaanttaiionontnsoofifnMMFeietsthhh.ooddPssorffotoriraPPndFF,CCOAArnenagalolyynss.iiss iinn FFiisshh November 2-5. Fillets. USEPA November 2-5. 2009 National Forum on Contaminants in Fish. Portland, Oregon, MMaartriptinen,r,fJJlu.WWc.r.i,nMMaiaaebdburuayrcy,i,dSSsiA.An,.,juSSvoeolnlooimlmeoronan,i, nKKb.RoRw.,, rMMouuu,itr,(DDO.n.CCc..oGGr..hy22n00c00h33uaa.s. myDDkiiieesttsaa)rr.yy aaEccnccvuuimrmounul.alattTiioooxnnicoooflf. Chem. 22:189-195. perfluorinated acids Chem. 22:189-195. in juvenile rainbow trout (Qncorhynchus mykiss). Environ. Toxicol. MMaartrdtiiinns,,tJJi.bWWu.t.i,oMMnaaobfbuuprreyyr,,uSSor.AAi,.n,aSStoeoldloomamcooinnd,s, KKinR.R.r.,a,iMMnuburoir,w,toDD.u.CCt..GG(..On22c00o00r33h5by..ncBBhiuioosccoomnynckceiensnst)rtr.aattiioEonnnviaarnnodnd.ttiissssuuee Toxicol. Cher. 22:196-204. distribution of perfluorinated Toxicol. Chem. 22:196-204. acids in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Environ. MMaartrftiionn,o,dJJw.WWe..b, WWfhrhiotimtttleLe,a, kDDeM.M.On,.,taMMruiuori.r,, DDECn.Cv.iG.rG.o.n,,. MMSacabib.uurrTyye,,cSSh.n.AAo..l 22300800:445.3. 79PP-ee5rrf3fll8uu5oo.rrooaallkkyyll ccoonnttaammiinnaannttssiinn aa food web from Lake Ontario. Environ. Sci. Technol. 38:5379-5385. MMiinnnsScs,i,. CC5.2KK,. 111489399955.-.15AA08IlI.omleotrmyoeoffhthoormmeye rraannggeesisizzee iinn llaakkee aannddrirviveerrffiisshheess.. CCaann.. JJ.. FFiisshh.. AAqquuaatt. Sci. 52, 1499-1508. MMoorrogngalnainTnTe.. (a220c00c06e6.s.seMMdoorOrocontnoeecbchehrryry3s,soo2pps0s,1,0)UUninverisityvoofefMMircichhisiggaainnAAntniimmyaallDiDvievresristityyWWeebb.. AAvvaaiillaabbllee ~ho.nittlipnt:e///a(anaicmncaielsdmsiveaedlrsOdityci.tuouvmbmeemmrrzz3s.,uuim2mi0tci1chy0h),:eedduu//ssittee/a/caccocuonutsn/ti snffoorrmmaattioino/Mnoorroonnee cchh ry~ sosps. hhtimml. MMPPCCCAoA.n.taMMmiiinmnneaestsiooottnaaiPPnooMllilluuntntiieoosnnotCCaoo,nnttrProohllaAAsgegeenOncncyey... 22R00e00p66.o. rIItntnovveSesesttniigagaattetiiooEnnnvoofifrPPoeenrrmffleluunootrroCocochmhemeimmtiictcaealel.((PPFFCC)) Contamination in Minnesota, Phase One, Report to Senate Environment Committee. MMPPCCPArA.o.teMMcitiinnonnneessoofottWaaatPPoeolrlllsuuttoiiofonnthCCeoonSntttarrtooell.AAggeennccyy.. 22000088.. CChhaappeerr 77005500,, WWaatteerr QQuuaalltityy SSttaannddaarrddss ffoorr Protection of Waters of the State. MMPPCCPAeA.r.fiMMuioinnrnnoeceshsoeomttaiacPPaololsllluuitntiiofoninshCCoaonnntdtrrooWllatAAeggree.nnccy2y.0.0922.00110&0..MaMMricissshsiis2sss0ii1pp0ppii RRiivveerr PPooooll22 IInntteennssiivvee SSttuuddyy ooff Perfluorochemicals in fish and Water: 2009. 8 March 2010. MMPPCCStAAor--CmCrwaraatnneeer,, PJJo..LLn.daaSnnedddHHiemenennnnetesss,,frSS.o. m22t00h11e00.M.inAAnssesaspeeosslssimms-eeSnntt.t oofPfaPPulFF,CCMCCNoommMpeptooruuonnpddossitiiannnUUArrrbbeaaa.nn Society UoSofSftoAEE.rnnmvviwi1rroa0ontneNmmroeePvnnteotamnaldbl eTTSoroex2xidi0ccim1ool0leoo.nggtyys and Chemistry North American from the Minneapolis-St. Paul, and Chemistry North American Annual Meeting, MN Metropolitan Annual Meeting, Porant, OR, Area. Society Portlant, OR, USA. 10 November 2010. MMuuirire,,nDDvCi..CrGo..Gn,m.,enHHtooawlwaacrrhdde,,miPPsH.tH.s.. 2200E00n8v6.i.roAAnr.reeSttchih.eerrTeeecoohtthnhoeelrr.ppee4rr0ss.iis7stt1ee5nn7tt-oo7rr1gg6aa8nn.iicc ppoolllluuttaannttss?? AA cchhaalllleennggee ffoorr environmental chemists. Environ. Sci. Technol., 40:7157-7166. NNaakk`aaDyyeaatmmeraam,,inSSa.tFFi..o,,nSSoytfrnypnaearrrf,,luMMo.rJ.J.i.n,aRtReeeidninecero,rm, pJJo.LLu,.,ndDDeselliiinnrkktsshyye,, uAAp.pDD,e.,,r LLMiiinnsddsssitstrrsooimmp.p,iAA.R.BBi.v.er2200B1a10s0i..n. Environ Sci. Technol, 44103-4109. Determination of perfluorinated Sci. Technol. 4:4103-4109. compounds in the upper Mississippi River Basin. Environ. References References 240153 24 of 53 22669911..00002277 ENVIRON ENV i RO N STATE_01178251 STATE_0].178251 Review Review of of PROS PFOS IImmppaarsirommpeeannrtteiidnn ifMrsisiMseisstiscioppppoilRRtiaivvneerrCPPoooncolcl !22 Prepared for Metropolitan Council NNOOAAOAfA.f.ic22e00o00f88.R. eSSscpcrroeeneesnneiinnaggndQQuuRiieccskktoRRreeaftfeeirroeennnDccieeviTTsaaiboblnle,ess.N.atNNioOOnAaAlAAOOOceRRaE&nRRicRRaeenppdoorArttt00m88o-s-11p,,heSSreeiaaclttele,, WWAA,, Administration Office of Response Administration. and Restoration Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric PaPrarrroCnC.lS.iS.n.e (22a000c02c2.e.ssLLeeedppooOmcmtiiossbmmearaccr3r,ooc2ch0hi1irr0uu)ss,, UUnniivveerrssiittyy ooff MMiicchhiiggaann AAnniimmaall DDiivveerrssiittyy WWeebb.. AAvvaaiillaabbllee ,hohni~ltitnppe:///(aaanncimciemasalsdceivdievrOseictrytos.ubimetrmy3.z, .uu2n0m1mic0zh):u.emidcuh/.seidteu//asictceo/uacnctosu/inntfsofrimnfaotrimoant/iLoen/pLoempoirsmism_maaccrroocchhiirruuss.hhtimll. OOffffiic`ceceooonftfaEEmninvnviairrtoiononnmmegenontatalalsl HHaeneadallttahhdvHHiasazozarayrrddtAiAsssssuseeesslsesmvmeelnestnfto((rOOcEEoHHmHHAm)Ao.)n. c22o000n08t8.a.miDDnaeenvvtesleoiplnmoCeaplnimtofooferffnnfiiisasthhsport fish: Chlordane, DDTs, Dieidrin, methylmercury, PCBs, selenium, and Toxaphene. contamination goals and advisory tissue levels for common contaminants in California fish: Chlordane, DDTs, Dieldrin, methylmercury, PCBs, selenium, and Toxaphene. sport TToollllssr,,evJJi.,e,wKK.ilooCeshppeppmeeorrs--SpSahammesrs,e, 2P2.9.,; SS6ii9jjmm3,.,7DD17T.T...HHM.M.. 11999944.. SSuurrffaaccttaanntt bbiiooccoonncceenntrtartioant~-oAAn ccrriittiiccaall review. Chemosphere 29: 693-717. UUSSEE`PPCAoA.n.ta11m99i99n33a..ntTTseefccohrhnntihicceaalPl rBBoaatsesicisstiffooonrroDDfeeBrreiivnviitnnhggicSS.eeddOiirmmgeeannnttisQQumuaslailbittyyy UCCsrriiittneegriiaaEqffuooirrlNNboroniniuioomnniPicacrOtOirtrggiaoanninicnic:g, EPAB22.R63011 Contaminants for the EPA-822-R-93-011. Protection of Benthic. Organisms by Using Equilibrium Partitioning. vvaanniLLmeepeeruuowwveeenmn,e, nSSt..PsP.J.iJ,n, tSShwweaaarntrat,,lyCC.s.PiP.s,.o, vfvaanpenrdfdeleruroVVreieeneannt,e,d|I,.c,dodemepBBoooueernr,d, sJJ..in22w00a00t99e..r SSainiggdnniifffiiicschaa:nnRttesults from aiamnnpiirnnotteveerrlmlaabeboonrrtaasttooinrryythmmeeetathhnooaddlyseevivsaaloluufaapttiieoornnflussottuuriddnyya..teJJd.. cCCohhvmroopmmoatuaontogdrgs.r.inAAw11a22t1e166r::a44n001d1--f44is00h99.:. Results from WWeests`otAonsn.s.es22s000m07e7.n.t RRReeempmeodretidaifalolrIItnnhvveeessCttoiigtgatatatiigooenn GRRreeoppvooer,trt,,MPPNhhaaSssteee.22,,JuFFnlleuu.oorroocchheemmiiccaall ((FFCC)) DDaattaa Assessment Report for the Cottage Grove, MN Site. June. WWeestsotonn,. 22000088.. FFeeaassibibiillittyy SSttuuddyy,, CCoottttaaggee GGrroovvee SSiittee,, CCoottitaaggee GGrroovvee,, MMNN.. MMaarrcchh.. WWeestsAotfontn.e.ma22t00i00v99e..ReFFfeeiaansesimbibeiilnlit?tyy),SStCtuuoddtyytaRRgeeeppoGorrrtot vAAeddddSieetnned,duCumomttNNoao.g.e22,G, r((oPPvrreee,--DDMeeNss.iiggnnJaDDnauatataary.RReeppoorrtt aanndd Alternative Refinement), Cottage Grove Site, Cottage Grove, MN. January. ZZuusshh`iic,,oYYm..p,,oTTuaankkdeesddaaa,n, dTT..t,,heMMiarassluuonanadagsgaai,n, tSSh..e 22T00s00u88r..umEiExxRiiissvtteeenrnccbeeasooiffnn,nooJnnapppoaoininn.tt ssCoohuuerrmcceoesoopffhppeeerrrlfeluuo7o1r:riinn1aa5tte6edd6- 1573, compounds 1573. and their loads in the Tsurumi River basin, Japan. Chemosphere 71: 1566- References References 250153 25 of 53 22669911..00002288 ENVIRON ENV i RO N SSTTAATTEE0_101117788225522 Review Review of of PROS PFOS IImmppaarsirommpeeannrtteiidnn ifMrsisiMseisstiscioppppoilRRtiaivvneerrCPPoooncolcl !22 Prepared for Metropolitan Council TTaabblleess 20153 22669911..00002299 ENVIRON STATE01178253 STATE_01178253 T 3 S5 E15 Eld Rle 4 5i [R2E3 833 L= E5(BE1e5lE E5el1Ee3el3EEssls [o][oEoaflegEeEiE2s8a) g atin ia 3_|S 3|3 3|S 3|2 3|2 3 BS3ST3 3: RglRe RflIe Ele Rll[ReR [feReRlR |Rko < EEREEEEEEEEERIE/EEE:EEK ERfe E2F lTiosaf B FR RE FF[FREFE [FCEERR u 2 [2E 2 i g i3 le lo aN 0 HHEEH 38a g: EESaEfiEaliEatESatESaat $i E Ee E aige E ree : 1S| S| 3|3S| S| :'3S_ISdi : feERRREEM 8s Is Is Is Is Is [sf ~0 0 0 28 B|z ellSEsRo EEo Eko i FEE ER EE HEH 5 <o2lfi: 8 -- 5 3a3 SSHEEETH IE2E13R8E18 I3E4E3 i] | 8s35f3iss 22669911..00003300 stare or7s254 STATE_01178254 $ fis 5 Es3e z sii 35: 3 ECE g 3g885E3F $ Boop 3 583,38588 EE: gt s 22E:58 2 gE3sgtt 938: S2 2 s225e.s8 g5 32esf:ti3et 3 sigs 2 gs3a8giss: g cis:2 32 ZPE 4a82E 8H%S 5 2 g38s iF gil: gf esis t i, 01 EEE Z! wii 35 82a Em ZSHlfi: HfgeagigrzReiEgeike:ls,3 giCEfB ToPiE:ns3s% wl} 2 22669911..00003311 dg 33 ~8 stare_01178255 STATE_01178255 g IEEEEEE EEREEEEEER 8 rE EEE EE HEE EE EEE EEE EERE 8 53 82 85515]l slSl lols cle els = sls) |[5[Elelelel lle i EEE EEE SEEREEREEE BNSEEEESEE : ~ 0000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000 ~ i ied 0000000000000000000000000 RRR qa 3 i] | Hill 1 [IT i z 33g gs | 3s i 5 E53 G2f 823 -- 2 E3 Ha 38<35]] 0000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000 201050 21020 120|0]00 2[ 0|020 ]20[0 [0 210]00|00 2[0 < 010 2]00 SEDE8E0AAAATRCEAC 0EI0200 EE SEF O0 0000 0000 000 8 22669911..00003322 EEEIEEEE state_on7a2s6 STATE_01178256 EEEEEREERRE 2E] E2E2)EEE] REENNE HEEEENEENNE EEEEEEERE LihaEg slslEslslE] 1S 2E g ~ o EH IEE12E 121202H 020212EE 00E00E 00H 0E8E0H00E1E E2E10E1E0 2 STE =: |B o<|li 5: lol 1853] lel! 38[EI5/8! 22669911..00003333 sate 01178257 STATE_01178257 ees IRIE ZE ] eg ERE g FERRE Em nsng Lf (TEER se iq3| E0H: wld 22669911..00003344 $58 28655 STATE_01178258  : g i 3i: 3 :: 2 2 2 si35 2 a2 g 3: gf T g3 Ei w2& 35 S: i gE l&dt HHii gBeaegceiEeika:c Cgfi wi 4 22669911..00003355 :$s3 sate 0178259 STATE_01178259 , & z5 =& z = 3 EEE [RR EEEE fg [Ig28 its l[igF e |TEF 2 Z2E Eg] gii iEofelicl H$8i5H3 g!.8 i z EL CHUUEE f i3 gls Is [5 |slslsl les} 0 0 000~ ~ ~ O0 0 0 0000 0 0 O0 : iF CR 8 EE ls |e feels | ls [Eg] Egil I EES EE o2f: 8 Hi ig A 10 oll olols elelz [2 [2 8 [88Es 5s Fs 55p3o c88Es 22669911..00003366 srare_o117260 STATE_01178260 ; i: 25E3d Eil Euf i fost : i] $ 2ss9s3:% FEHE] ggE 2BEsE:F [RH 5 58:8 ist gist 5 2g8e:l5s Efaeills HEfHagE: PFs :R ofsigF1 EEeiEd FH] 8 Hi $ 8858 Z|$ WEE Es2 SPogi iE npir EfOff 8Bf5Rai2Rs:Ee: 0SIE fEsiztyel gi H8E3 R wl} 22669911..00003377 ` sveonren STATE_01178261 Table 4. Fish bioaccumulation model for Sections 1, 2, 3, and 4 upstream of 3M Cottage Grove. mp inemssZtz iuitsse assssistiAniYit [MWeeaassuirreeda [WWatateerr PPFROOSS] pFe m eSL ote o Measured [Sediment Fale =Sm PFOS] PT ~i~ti~n Wat 4.5 i ng/L fee i Average CoTf wwaatteerr ssaammpplleess iinn SSeeccitioornss 11--44,, upstream of Cottage Grove. Sed 0.69 ng/g, dw Average of Section 3 and 4 surface sediment samples upstream of Cottage Grove. i Table 1 Table 1 Total organic carbon (OC'~ TOC in sediment ereEsE Biota-Sediment Accumulation Factor i (BSAF) 2Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) viat|on BSAF BAF me Bioconcentration Factor BCF 0.01 g, OC/g, dw a = Organic carbon not measured or data unavailable for sediment samples from Pool 2 investigations of PFOS in sediment. 0.01 i.e., 1% TOC) represents a standard default modeling assumption for sediment. fdERLE i Ta 1.22 g, OC/g, ww i Lab-derived steady state estimate with invertebrates and spiked sediment. i Higgins et al., 2007 TTET , 0.32 kg prey, wwfkg 3redator, eS ED ww 1,100 IJkg, ww Lab-derived steady state estimate (fish carcass) for trout and PFOS-spiked food only exposure. Martin et al., 2003a Lab-derived steady state estimate with trout Martin et al., ETT] (BCF) fish csrcass) and PFOS-spiked water only exposure. 2003b =Ga Sediment PFOS], OC- normalized Predicted [Sediment SedOC Inv 69 ng/g, OC Sed TOC 84 ng/g, ww SedOC BSAF invertebrate PFOS1 o= n[Fish PFOS] from Dietary Sediment invertebrate) Source Predicted [Fish PFOS] from Direct Absorption Fsed Fwat =527 ng PFOS;g, ww 4.9 ng PFOS;g, Inv x BAF Wat x BCF 1,000 g, wwlkg, ww from Water Total [PFOS Fish] F ww 32 ng PFOS/g, Fsed + Fwat Percentage of [Fish PFOS] from sediment pEerceenotraFgisen Percentage of [Fish PFOS] from water m.e Abbreviations dw: dry weight fo. g: gram kg: kilogram L: Liter ofne ng: nanogram OC: organic carbon EE PFOS: perfluorooctane ww: wet weight %Fsed %Fwat sulfonate WVV 84 % 16 % 100% x Fsed I F 100% Fwat / F 1 of 1 35 of 53 22669911..00003388 STATE_01178262 Table 5. Fish bioaccumulation model for Section 4 adjacent to 3M Cottage Grove shoreline. T p Zz T e ae ~i~ti~n Measured [Water PFOS] Wat pm me Measured [Sediment Sed PFOS] Fale le Sem Total organic carbon (OC'~ TOC a = in sediment i 88 ng/L 10 ng/g, dw 0.01 g, OC/g, dw i Average of water samples in Section 4 i Table 2 adjacent to 3M Cottage Grove shoreline. Average of surface sediment samples in Table 2 Section 4 adjacent to 3M Cottage Grove shoreline Organic carbon not measured or data unavailable for sediment samples from Pool 2 investigations of PFOS in sediment. 0.01 i.e., 1% TOC) represents a standard default modeling assumption for sediment. ereEsE fdE TR aLE Biota-Sediment Accumulation Factor i 2 TTET (BSAF) , Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) viat|on BSAF BAF me eS ED Bioconcentration Factor BCF i 1.22 g, OC/g, ww i Lab-derived steady state estimate with invertebrates and spiked sediment. i Higgins et al., 2007 0.32 kg prey, wwfkg 3redator, ww 1,100 IJkg, ww Lab-derived steady state estimate (fish carcass) for trout and PFOS-spiked food only exposure. Martin et al., 2003a Lab-derived steady state estimate with trout Martin et al., ETT] (BCF) fish csrcass) and PFOS-spiked water only exposure. 2003b =Ga Sediment PFOS], OC- normalized Predicted [Sediment SedOC Inv 1,006 ng/g, OC Sed TOC 1,227 ng/g, ww SedOC BSAF invertebrate PFOS1 o= n[Fish PFOS] from Dietary Sediment invertebrate) Source Predicted [Fish PFOS] from Direct Absorption Fsed Fwat =5393 ng PFOS;g, ww 97.0 ng PFOS;g, Inv x BAF Wat x BCF 1,000 g, wwlkg, ww from Water Total [PFOS Fish] F ww 490 ng PFOSIg, Fsed + Fwat Percentage of [Fish PFOS] from sediment [PEorcentageeof Fish Percentage of [Fish PFOS] from water m.e Abbreviations dw: dry weight . g: gram kg: kilogram L: Liter Ifone ng: nanogram OC: organic carbon EE PFOS: perfluorooctane ww: wet weight %Fsed %Fwat sulfonate WVV 80 % =20 % 100% x Fsed I F 100% Fwat / F 1 of 1 36 of 53 22669911..00003399 STATE_01178263 Table 6. Fish bioaccumulation model for Section 4 Section 4 downstream of 3M Cottage Grove. mp inemZsz stiie bssitisaiuei ~i~ti~n Measured [Water PFOS] Wat pm me Measured [Sediment Sed PFOS] Fale le Sem Total organic carbon (OC'~ TOC a = in sediment i 27 ng/L 5 ng/g, dw 0.01 g, OC/g, dw i Average of water samples in Section 4 i Table 3 adjacent to 3M Cottage Grove shoreline. Average of surface sediment samples in Table 3 Section 4 adjacent to 3M Cottage Grove shoreline Organic carbon not measured or data unavailable for sediment samples from Pool 2 investigations of PFOS in sediment. 0.01 i.e., 1% TOC) represents a standard default modeling assumption for sediment. ereEsE fdE TR aLE Biota-Sediment Accumulation Factor i 2 TTET (BSAF) , Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) viat|on BSAF BAF me eS ED Bioconcentration Factor BCF i 1.22 g, OC/g, ww i Lab-derived steady state estimate with invertebrates and spiked sediment. i Higgins et al., 2007 0.32 kg prey, wwfkg 3redator, ww 1,100 IJkg, ww Lab-derived steady state estimate (fish carcass) for trout and PFOS-spiked food only exposure. Martin et al., 2003a Lab-derived steady state estimate with trout Martin et al., ETT] (BCF) fish csrcass) and PFOS-spiked water only exposure. 2003b =Ga Sediment PFOS], OC- normalized Predicted [Sediment SedOC Inv 488 ng/g, OC Sed TOC 595 ng/g, ww SedOC BSAF invertebrate PFOS1 o= n[Fish PFOS] from Dietary Sediment invertebrate) Source Predicted [Fish PFOS] from Direct Absorption Fsed Fwat =5190 ng PFOS;g, ww 29.9 ng PFOS;g, Inv x BAF Wat x BCF 1,000 g, wwlkg, ww from Water Total [PFOS Fish] F ww 220 ng PFOSIg, Fsed + Fwat Percentage of [Fish PFOS] from sediment pEerceenotraFgisen Percentage of [Fish PFOS] from water m.e Abbreviations dw: dry weight . g: gram kg: kilogram L: Liter Ifone ng: nanogram OC: organic carbon EE PFOS: perfluorooctane ww: wet weight %Fsed %Fwat sulfonate WVV 86 % 14 % 100% x Fsed I F 100% Fwat / F 1 of 1 37 of 53 22669911..00004400 STATE_01178264 ers eer Table 7. Fish bioaccumulation model applied to estimate PFOS water criterion at a given concentration of PFOS TTY in surface sediment. Pm se ey DFOS reference dose 4uman angler body Eve pe] C/eight Relative Source 3ontribution Factor RFD BW RSC Er= 1]er EE ee] Incidential ingestion of IW Units I 8E-05 7C <g, bw I MPCA~ 2010 MPCA, 2010 1 0.01 Jd Value ccnsistent with that used by MDH to indentify water body impairment and derive a fish consumption criterion for Pros (200 ng/g, ww) MPCA, 2010 MPCA, 2010 ~/ater --ish tissue consumption fr OR] re Te | "ate Measured [Sediment pe| ~FOS] CR Sod [men] Be Frm ~ Total organic carbon (OC) TOC 3C g, ww/d 0.6~c qg/g, dw 0.01 ~, OC/g, Average of Section 3 and 4 surface sediment samples upstream of Cottage Grove. Organic carbon not measured or data MPCA, 2010 Table 1 n sediment dw unavaila31e for sediment samples from Pool 2 investigations of PFOS in sediment. 0.01 (i.e, 1% TOC) represents a standard deraulL rnodelirlg assurrlpLiurl [ul sedirnenL fe--_-- ma] mea Biota-Sediment Ee Tre ccumulation Factor :BSAF) 3ioaccumulation factor :BAF) BP, AF B~,F F ITTEE 3ioconcentration Factor -- E _ IT-- e T -- e| :BCF) BCF 1 22 ],OC/g, Lab-derived steady state estimate with invertebrates and spiked sediment Higgins et al , 2007 0.32 1,100 <g prey, a'w/kg 9redator ~'w _tkg, ww Lab-derived steady state estimate (fish carcass) for trout and PFOS-spiked food only exposure. Martin et al, 2003a Lab-derived steady state estimate with troJt (fish carcass) and PrOS-spiked water only exposure. Martin et al, 2003b Pr e m ............................ i lO Sediment PFQS]= CO- SedOC normalized Sir d Dredicted [Sediment Inv 69 qgtg, OC Sed + TOC 84 qg/g, ww SeOC x BSAF eEmT nvertebrate PFOS] :Fish PFOS] from Dietary 'Sediment invertebrate) 3ource Dose from consumption 3f sediment-derived Fsed Drsed TBEe | 27 1.2E-08 qg sFOS/g, ^'w "ng/Kg*d Inv x BhF CR Fsed + 1,000,000 ng, ww/ng, ww BW DFOS in fish Allowable maximum dose Dwat 6 8E-05 "ng/kg*d (RFD - Dfsed) x RSC :tom ingestion of water and ingestion of fish PFOSfish consumption Em criterion >redicted [Fish PFOS] Sl :rnm F)irect Ahsr~rption :tom Water Tr Total [PFOS Fish] FCC Fwat F 14~ ng/L 16C ng -~FOS/g, ~'w 187 ng -~FOS/g, 1,000,000 ng/mg x (Dwat x BVV) + ((IW+ BCF x CR + 1 ~000 ,q~ ww/k,9~ ww)) Wat x BCF 1,000 g, ww/kg, ww Fsed + Fwat a'w hr) Abbreviations dw: dry weight g: gram kg: kilogram L: Liter Re: nanogram QC: organic carbon Pros: perfluorooctane sHIfonate ww: wet weight 1 of 1 38 of 53 22669911..00004411 STATE_01178265 [Enanyer] TTaabbllee 88.. AAtlteemrnaattoe PPFFOOSS peri permit ccaallccuullaattiioonnss ffoorr MMeetrtroo.. QMMueetatrroiopp.oolBliiattasanendCCooEufunlncucioillntEEnnLvivimirriootnenmm(eeWnnOttBaaEllLSSEee)rrvviicceess ((MCCEESS)) WWaatteerr Quality-Based Effluent Limits (WQBELs) EERx -- [ParaValmue eUnit ts |eorw]) Plant Flow [292 5510..0004s mmlmigtegt rads/d o(Ao DW)l| wer ome+ [RFeriver 77Q1100 [t 5 000i 0] nmogga|o |PFoS: e $60l2|8 Background Conc. [contiuous Stgtes) | tasooool gt| | Continuous Std (cs) [WaSvtimme}um| 5500000] "no |] Maximum Std (ms) [Fina Acute Value 77000060] ng?|] Final Acute Value 4,1 97.87 oss1716 0.646317 1,1 09.08 5.0000 145.0000 85,000.00 170,000.00 mliters/d I mgd ng/I ng/I ng/I ng/I (Class 2B) PFOS; S000-266 W[is----VLoilaTocsat7tieooen]l ose [CosataVnariatm ionS1 n V co3e ors) [C[sVSatddo r.iaoDneceveu .GamssT1 too s3e000..n 35005]74055] Duration (n days) 30.00 ng Term Ave TTR bul fT uss ez u4/u3o ~g T~ ~ LTA 6.38 u 6.24 fT o un LTAcs ul 595.84 11.75 [LUUTssAee mLLTTsAAcs<< LUTiAAmmss:: |TRUE] 147,884.58 TRUE [~Q aBEB~DDaEi~lily~LMax~:. | 18556511 1,8 5 5.6 511 [T seS2n on 0.17 [oT e es Sn 0.41 uo 6.31 Mo.Av. (2x) 1,071.13 [[HCieMoxaxmMaeepaasosEnEfsfflvVa| alluue~ | 225450000.0000]] [[PPEol#PaeEdnQaftcafaucpcaotooinrPtsEG)I | ws2oe420..006000]] Proj Effl QuaI.(PEQ) 650.00 PEQ > Daily Max [FEa> FAV PEQ > FAV [Reasonable Potertal Reasonable Potential FALSE Tn] FALSE no Note: NOTE: Table was mofed rom a ie oblined fom WPCA. Table was modified from a file obtained from MPCA. Tort 1 of 1 901s 39 of 53 22669911..00004422 SSTTAATTEE__0011117788226666 ENVIRON PlTTaaanbbtllee, 99J..ulCCyo2on0nc1ce0en.ntrtraattiioonnss ooff PPFFOOSS iinn eefffflluueenntt ffrroomm tthhee MMeettrrooppoolliittaannWWasatsetewwataeterrTTrreeaattmmeenntt Plant, July 2010. Raw Data | E Topor | erat a si] z | [hussay| Thursday Thursday 7magoro| 7t2212010 7t2212010 esi PF4-1 PF5-1 | sie 51.2 51.6 | [mursThdurasdayy [FFrida ay y | 7T7t7/t2m22a2w2312a/v220o001r1a10o00 | | | AAvveerraag1ee pmapz PF4-2 || ss5ii1.ar4 | | s5m7.7e | [ [sF awreFFrsry iiddaayyy | |77m77m/t2e2w33ao/!22o00tr1100oo| | AevAPvereFrr5eaa-2g1see | ms555s23.7.78s5 | [Sa[tsuSSraawdttuurraddaaayyy | | n 7mv77//mw22w44aa//22oo00r11to00e| | AvePPeFFem45--sg33 e | 39.2 a ae48 || [sway Satu rd ay Sunday | msmor0 | 7/24/2010 7/25/2010 pres Avera1e PF4-4 a743.6 47 | [[SSu[wnsdaSSwuuannyddyaaayy | y1 7m777m1//ss222555aa//722oo2000rr1110000c| |PPFF4ap-44rP(aFD(s4Duu-aepp4lvliisAcecavaarteteersaaagT gnneeaalylyssisis)|) |____e a4s44335a6..63 ||| [[MSounnddSSuuaannddyaayyy | | 7i77met/22si55az//22o0001t1r00o0| __| AAvPPvreFeemSras-g4gee |--53e6.26-- s5 | [Tu[eWesdTMdunoenaseddasayyyd| a| y 77Tm//p22m67oa//22ot00r11oo00 | | PF4-5 rraesr PF4-6 I ss45aa24..ss23 || [WW Weeddenneessdddaayy | nes7777m2//w228d88a7//222o000ta 111000c| y| PPFF4E-T7P(rDDauupPtpllFAiec4vaa-te7teenaagnemalayssis|)|5 se 7 5574..88 s 8|| Wednesday 7/28/2010 PF4-7 Average 56.3 S[SampalempleDDaattaa ffoorrPPeerrmmitititningg UUsseess"2 Ham PFOS Concentration pTionpgo |si91) s| 7772//242232322//22000011110000 51.4 55.75 Tasa00 7/24/2010 7/25/2010 |si5433.e 6.65 s| 7/26/2010 TER |sis| 7/27/2010 777 I -- 7/28/2010 7 -- -- Avera1e [egian [sr | Median I------ Count amon |] Maximum 42.2 54.3 56.3 51.0 53.7 7 56 NN1O-OOTTnEEe::sampler(PF4)was operatfeodr ne week (Thursday, uly 22-Wednesday, July28),wo. sS(1aP.aFmOmSppn)lelewessaasformoommppleetrtrhaii(tssPeFssdaa4fmm)oprwpllfaeeosrrur(o(Jupdulaelyyyras22te55(dTaahfunnorddrsdoJJaounylel.yyw22J68eu))leykwwe2e(rT2ree-hSuaaurnnsnadadlalayyyyzz,,eeJddJuiilynyn dd22uu52p)pl-.WiliccAaealtldtee.ns.eaTTsmhdhpeaelyeoo,sttJhhwueeerlryrsse2aa8amm)np;paltlleweyrrozed faf(oPoprrpFrPP5o)FFpOrwOiaSSasataetotiApAseXXortYaYoStpSeidcAAnfsnaotalraylynftotdiiuaccarraldldsaSSeytersorvvc(iioTccrehersuserc((stSSdfiiaoddnyne,eayyJn,.u.allBByyCC2e,,2rCC-Seaacunnonavaddedaarai)y)e,bsbJyyulSSyPP2EE5I)IL.LCACIlIlMMsSSaIlmMNpSSleuussswiinneggre analyzed 22aa..yp.RpRraaowwRperdidsaaauttetlaasiswwooaaftssodpuccipcooimmsctbabaitnineednsdaesrftddoaosmppptrorlooevcvsiioddrweereearacetssfiiaonnvrggellaerenavavgaleyladtue,elrtofeohrucreottvhehreeeersicceuooslnn.tcceefnntotrmraatttiihoeonntowofof sPPaEFmOOpSSleiirnnseeffwffleuureeenntt ppeerr averagedfor day. Results averaged for agencay of duplicates a given day. samples were averaged, then results from the two samplers were tort 1 of 1 H4000o1f 5533 22669911..00004433 STATE01178267 STATE_01178267 Revoif PeEOwS ImpFarmapeanreidn MoiMseitocnpeRainveCPouonc2 Review of PFOS Impairment in Mississippi River Pool 2 Prepared for Metropolitan Council FFiigguurreess 410153 22669911..00004444 ENVIRON STATE_01178268 STATE_01178268 AREA rE a TEEra RE 3 hE oaA mTOT [le FeLelsSHCC a Dee ng a]| [51 apa LER [|oFl s Yfebfn i3 C i i FoeJ aYi ny LH | 3= Ji il a LovI gE 26 lL o Bl a] A n[o oeLd: eaLhreaT oSnIEgis SE Ae Rae a )T, T |i a a gi reY ol aT a |-- ||| 555835 | = fi am ha iy "5s CTE oll | =T Bak [[gTeaAeL ne eh i IRE {| 0p eg Ee ! lSS egueee s |i1dhl]| =5128 2) G $4144 vrs Eide [ Sir NYniwNx EaSEe A aRmTLl 2 1s oL w ie in RR |EEEiRiSi m sop Y it | EHEEilRlEY rf peizediiiifl er ae EER I i z| |} o| | | > iz | lw 22669911..00004455 sme ourizes STATE_01178269 ] -- J = = SE 2&. Oa 3 NCEE po ph IT a NZ ; SESNEN PSC emasill -- ea SA NNeolde tn 5 re S RE|: EHR ~Ef] ge cos&sosa8ns% Lh es \ \ ln a i22 2 I : AT # SI 33 ice-a ial 0sTET Ly Pe na Ss SEY AS SY Sa adie [ies noha Ps Pbon R 3 y aH SE a J 28 ; hv 5: Z| 5 Re vy 3 SN$eES pes NESial 2 Se fe crm parse hall Ee adaa bea ssL u TE ei Ey PD ATEEoLhet |di ) [dees many 1:1: i IE ii =' olf | rel 24 5 versa] esoie iii] 3111 2) ear Bin ol] 22669911..00004466 Ep -- STATE_01178270 TB iEf 1g5a8 e--r13 SESELE ls Te TT] eee iflA i ioi m ld <i Cg gaia. iH =: Li LE oe 32 F sone a eal Ee FETTR Io - ambie fid RN TeA BJOdSe rhi gh Fa *A L |S3a5?5 Sal gen no = RE Eitan Eye Le i Ge + RE NE aan gL pe |<: Fir FATE SNE] 2 EE ERD a |2 0 5 WEEE m Liu Bre CN SEONG a | 5 3 : Wis ee a I SERRE ric TN i] RC 5 Se ay i - 5 iH El lh le EBl Ee a ends inigi s 22669911..00004477 [p-- STATE_01178271 BEEin. Hl 774 EE Err, ] / g 4v4 i EEaE C =| a ys BE gif -- ze g LatoA 8 88 gle JI] 82 88 3 ;Sa g 8 &8 8 s HBS rt (695014 1 2s mJt elsept BoEo R "Ele E E Lgz SE Se NS ee | 0 ry ia 82) [rasa Sl ER tsi cf E[ ER 7Ne er tFaas OA | ER E EoH ob IE le [EH Hi yee a 4 aie REN Si a [Eat Tih es ASE a2f SEgeaid te ne e ons R ey Ee | a eb RR i Sa T a E Se ef i RE 3! mBqY Aha eug trp SLEa 3% 24 2 :i sill E8 ali = iIh] Prd etl : : ' 1 2i =| h pBhaeddi rdii {-3cE= pl psn li $:u|[1i8ecc000[012] 1 ol] 22669911..00004488 stare_on7s272 STATE_01178272 --[ ) || f C-- E], FS || e2i ERHls | is 2 | om | He | | o rz L 5 .a 5 8 5 1 EEE | || pei Sy ena r 6504 (~i6u) 0_4cl msn enss! 7 ; p4 4 ;/ 73 od | iiat dus a33 = EE +H 2 RE s3s Ee 52 7) { > 3 3 ny a oi ddEy | A =z: S&So 3g din \ ap i 0 ful LY rHdH : |- 8 ; 3g shill s HLiindl) = Jiiki fh Lab gE S id i i3 o| SUE EE, andi iv|[JEfecco00@:] | EI ||lw 22669911..00004499 stare on7273 STATE_01178273 -------------- oo f 3 i EE [] oe |_| EEE T> 2 ? 2z IFJILIN cam w I 233208a | Ll 0 =o 9H S J3o) I0l ~ ow Cl "q L] [0 82 o8 d so28 Qa 0> [(7a) 52 2 [my S2G% St 88%= ocSkQ 8|5: 0s E28 ge os = =O 5S 2 o |Z o =] Qo Qo =] =] I=] 2 lo Io So o oIo -- @o o < gi4s8 S42E |ec |. 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Fa YS Ra ig i i x IT 3 Be HE i bes SE ir ur Er 4 RE 5 E ER fSe 0 1! jIho I 0 fh 0 jer Gr Ca PEN i NAN foand 4 EeieFEfr 5rod Saaldl,ThE liv are 8d] es Ld CIE GSE | Ciiilaxrad-eSiiy 3 | i] in, i Eaffneg $8iiias 5 #i281000000 .2 2i 25 ghoiilleiisdi g|IBk3 f8e.c0000 ||32 = i Th Ss i iii|33 ills B3e ailnull|Es8f3 H3o2 i LF 8 T Mo e" CHRrease Co | ait PY LE | oe [ FIR 22669911..00005544 =1 =o <I al >7 stare onze27s STATE_01178278 sities tse ssg0: ep ET name sso1 +- T]T : I7EE[i| I 1 il ;F:Hd || : EL | E EIir ] | ]i EEbill Fig ; | EE ds |fhiis. | i] iL i T2A | | : 2:: ; a) ra8 7 | g | : i|| 8:: 3 : | i : . | | t |||| 5 =|| | : i i- | 1 | a| | | BE iE | 1 38 | : | : |_ i Bo2 2 i 2 a| [8S Ai! 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