Document Rp1wxM558RgJrweRkByeYnNVn
PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT
PROJECT REPORT
CALIDRIA ASBESTOS
COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE PROPERTIES OF VINYL ASBESTOS TILE MADE WITH UCC SG-100 AND "CAREY" 7TS3 ASBESTOS
Author: Work Done By:
Supervisor:
R. P. Braddicks
R. P. Braddicks S. Drap
L. G. Krauskopf
Date:
January 22, 1975
Project No.: 950S74
File No.:
P-75-16
SUMMARY
SG-100 pelletized asbestos has been evaluated in a typical vinyl
asbestos tile formulation provided as proprietary information by \
'*
\ . . It imparts processing characteristics and end-use properties that
are similar to the control compositions based on j ' asbestos and "Carey"
7TS3. Because of its higher purity and superior value, SG-100 may be used
at lower levels in the formulation which results in an economic gain for\
\ . Raw material costs of the VA tile formulations containing
SG-100 are about thirteen percent lower than those of tile with\
asbestos
and about five percent lower than tile with "Carey" 7TS3.
This Project Report was presented as a Technical Service Report to
"Calidria" Standard Grade asbestos for floor tile has been or is available in several different forms or packaging. The information about "SG-100,r in this report is applicable to any of the following:
SG-100 50// paper bags, whole peMets>
SG-103 SC--lOh
plastic bags,' whole pellets Bulk Hopper Cars, whole pellets
received EEB 7 1975
UCC'CALJO?}A
A07563
UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION _ CHEMICALS AND PLASTICS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT TARRYTOWN, HEW YORK
UCC 014742
COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE PROPERTIES OF VINYL ASBESTOS TILE MADE WITH UCC SG-100 AND "CAREY" 7TS3 ASBESTOS
INTRODUCTION
Performance properties of UCC SG-100 asbestos have been compared
with those of ''Carey" 7TS3 in a low binder level vinyl asbestos tile composi tion. The "Carey" 7TS3 asbestos has been used at a level of 12% of the total batch while SG-100 has been formulated at 8. 8 and 9. 65%. Binder level for all compositions has been maintained at 19. 5% in accordance with this customer's current formulation objectives. The lower levels of SG-100 evaluated reflect the superior reinforcing value of this fiber and are con sistent with proven commercial practice.
As per the advice of\~%7 , critical performance properties receiving special attention in this study include: "fiber value retention" of Banbury mixed tile compositions, fiber binder level requirements, tile hot strength and water sensitivity. Comparative formulation costs are also provided.
DISCUSSION
V
of the \ _
plant recently reported thatVA tile
formulations were being revised in order to replace the old standard!,
asbestos with "Carey" 7TS3 fiber. It was suggested that UCC SG-100
CALIDRIA Asbestos be considered as an alternate for the "Carey" fiber.
Because of the concerns expressed by J
, the following
tile properties were evaluated as a function of SG-100; fiber value retention
during Banbury mixing, processing hot strength, fiber binder requirements
and tile water sensitivity.
It was also learned that the newly revised formulations will be main tained at 19 l/2% binder and 12% asbestos. Using these formulation con straints, tile performance data have been generated and reported for SG-100 and "Carey" 7TS3 formulations. These formulations, as well as the\ asbestos standard proprietary formulation, are detailed in Table I. Table II lists the performance data developed for these tile compositions. Tile pro cessing conditions are shown in the Appendix.
RESULTS..............
Comparative impact resistance, hot.tensile strength, accelerated oven
shrinkage and Brabender equilibrium torque values shown in Table II indicate
that SG-100 fibers do not degrade and lose their reinforcing value when
Banbury processed. This confirms reports based upon many years of commer
cial tile usage. The lightness and the tinctorial potential of all fibers in
vestigated are approximately equivalent based upon the measured Yjqj
brightness readings determined for corresponding tile samples. Except
for the\
asbestos containing formulations, the hot tensile strengths
of these compositions are roughly equivalent. The superior hot tensile
strength of the latter is expected since it contains not only 12% asbestos
but, in addition, is reinforced with 9% talc plus 1.6% added binder.
UCC 014743
^07564
Brabender equilibrium torque values of SG-100 containing stocks are slightly lower than those determined for the "Carey" 7TS3 counterparts. However, since they cortain approximately 73% and 81% of the asbestos formulated in the "Carey" counterparts, these small differences again reflect the effective reinforcing value of the SG-100 fiber.
The.3 day water expansion data listed in Table II represent average values and ranges determined at two reference points using two specimens of each formulation. Within the precision limits of the test method, all formulations except possibly compound # 62A show approximately equivalent expansions and are generally within acceptable limits. Although the average expansion value of compound #62A is higher than the other tile formulations tested, its magnitude is considered acceptable and lower than most commer cial tiles tested similarly.
Due to its lower delivered cost and reduced required usage level, SG-100 affords a significant raw material savings. For example, compara tive costs provide in Table I result in the following potential savings:
Formulation:
"Carey" 57B
SG-100 56P
Bags
Bulk
Cost, $/lb. * Savings, $/lb. vs. "Carey a
. 0705 _
0.0673 0.0032
0.0668 0.0037
Savings, $/lb. vs.\
.0076
0. 0108
0.0113
\
Asbestos 70B .0781 -
*Pound cost used rather than square foot cost due to specific gravity discrepancies caused by unavoidable occluded air in prepared laboratory tiles.
CONCLUSIONS
1. Banbury processing of tile formulations made with SG-100 asbestos has been shown not to degrade this fiber. This is consistent with commercial tile production experience.
2. SG-100 fiber used at appropriate levels produces tile having hot tensile strengths equivalent to those determined for "Carey" asbestos con taining tile.
3. When properly adjusted for its fiber value, SG-100 formulated tile has binder requirements equivalent to "Carey" 7TS3.
UCC 014743A
-3-
4. The water sensitivity of tile made with SG-100 fiber is about equivalent to that determined for its "Carey'' asbestos counterpart. This is particularly true at the low levels of asbestos used in this evaluation.
5. Adoption of SG-100 asbestos as a replacement for "Carey" 7TS3 fiber has been shown to effect substantial savings in formulation costs.
NOTEBOOK REFERENCES 1555 - 56, 57, 62, 70
PATENTABLE FEATURES Patentable aspects of this investigation have not been studied or
considered.
R. P. Braddicks/et
DATE WRITTEN: January 8, 1975
DATE APPROVED: January 15, 1975
DATE TYPED:
January 22, 1975
A07566
UCC 014744
TABLE I FORMULATIONS AND COSTS
Notebook 1 555
Formulation Page
TM 7R "Carey" 7TS3 SG-100 40 Mesh Limestone Mistron Talc VSTD* "Amoco" 18-240 DOP EPO Petroleum Wax Stearic Acid "Mark" 14Q TiOz
Total % Binder % Asbestos
$/lb.
"Carey'Asbestos 57A 57B
-
11.97 -
67.34
-
11.28 2. 99 3.94 . 37 .22 .23 .66 1. 00
-
11.97
-
67. 34
-
11.39 2.99 3. 83 . 37 . 22 . 23 . 66 1.00
100.0 19. 5 12
. 0705^ )
100.0
19. 5 12
o -oJ
Determined Sp. Gr. $/ft.2 l/l6"
2.0415 2. 0415 .046811) .0468(1)
SG-100
56D
62A
Asbestos 70B
-
- 8.77 70. 54 11.60
2.99 3. 62 .37 . 22 .23 .66 1.00
9.65
69.66 11.60
2.99 3.62
.37 . 22 .23 .66 1.00
11.92 -
-
56. 88 9-04 12.49 3.21 3.88 .40 .24 .23 . .71 1.00
100.0 19.5 8.77
100. 0 19. 5 9.65
.0673(^1
. 0668'J2 2.0340 .0445^1 .0442i3)
0675^ ^ )
2.0535 .0451(2) .0447*^'
100.6 21. 11.92
.0781
2.012 .0511
Note: (1) "Carey" delivered in bags $ 112/ton^ //&
j(2) SG-100 delivered in bags $ 74/ton f <
(3) SG-100 delivered in bulk $ 64/ton
G-CcyL-fcCtc
eJ> c/,*// St> 11
b1 oi
UCC 014744A
TABLE TI
TILE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Notebook 1555
Formulation Page
'Carey1' 7TS3 57A 57B
SG-100 56p 62A
Simulated \ Asbestos
70B
1 Min. McBurney
Average No. Impacts
Ynci
l/2 hr. Oven Shrink, 1 SO0?1'1 ^
22 hr. Oven Shrink, 180F^
10.3 1.6 46.3 17.7 24. 7
9.4 1.6 47.5 16.0 23.2
9.0 1.3 47. 5 27. 5 35. 2
8. 1 1.6 47. 3 17. 5 26. 5
8.0 0.7 47. 1 14. 5 28. 7
Tensile Strength, psi, 1S0F
21.7
24.7
19.0 22.4
38.9
% Elongation, 1 80F (Z)
3 Day Water Expansion' '
27.8
29.7
29.9 21.8
15. 8
Average
9.0 7.3
-8. 5 12.5
7.0
Range
(3) Brabender Equil. Torque, '
1 52C
8-25 1175
4-9 1210
5-11 1100
11-14 1140
5-9 1270
Note:
(1) Oven Shrinkage 180F, mils/6 inch, machine direction (2) Water Expansion, mils/6 inch, across machine direction (3) Brabender Torque - 60 RPM, Bowl 150C, diced tile,
100 gms, # 6 roller head
4075 ? ft A /S
UCC 014745
APPENDIX
TILE PROCESSING CONDITIONS
Banbury -
Batch Size Ram Pressure Rotor Cooling Rotor Spaed Drop Temperature
4300 gms 40 psig 40 psig water 56 RPM 150C'
Mix Mill -
8 in. x 16 in. two roll mill
Front Roll -
115C, 75fpm
Back Roll -
135C, 65 fpm
Sheet Thickness -
0.125 inch
Calender -
8 in. x 16 in. inverted L, four roll
Calender Speed -
20 fpm
Top Roll -
65C
Middle Roll -
55C, Gap for
Bottom Roll -
50C, Gap for
080 inch sheet 065 inch sheet
-
M
UCC 014745A