Document RjdGL3nrmXRgny1nwQJaz26qV

FILE NAME: National Safety Council (NSC) DATE: 1958 DOC#: NSC082 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: National Safety Congress Transactions - General Sessions - Vol 1 I r<**.'fie'`" liiii mi llllljtllf i i'lrf WMkim 3- w fel slifti '-<'/ " i mMm N ATIO N AL ,; ^t-'^-C ^ ^ >7- >>>vii*: v>>j -^r ; fi K CONGRESS SSWHP^WWlW m i ls l i % HbM . - wi SI I I I ' ' 1 , ',^ ,i ' ll`i `"` l' li' iiiiiiiiintiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiititiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiim iiiiiiiiiiiiiutiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiifiiii r '* -% j'T i'/rti. v - ] ' p ! $ .... . " J ` ` t *'^h V fcNv >** " ' '-V'JI-A'" '-1'- '' |S,li sm m m m a rkl , ,V mm v. / . V, .'vv r iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiim titiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiminiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii ,1 WMm. NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 425 N. MICHWAM AVE. CHIUSO 11, ILL lillS il ?*>''Mafefe/'?1 :;s ilp J,;v' W. - liS' vV' V'-:-:\'U-':!' ^ ; - ';;i:';i?;y';''i.' ',-'v' 'i-' '':i -<->-iV;X- ^ L t v ^ f r i T M ?*?!>'': _ .:! . .>. v-' iv -.; < . 1 ., . - - ; ...- .. - ' .-. ;. ::;*,p O -, %:S y i:'.'`vC 1 V ' ? '* ``T :'r.':'; `P r " T i ! -vv N ational S afety Council Af4Wm44t ' '''* N-Twaen-tl Safe tf-.V-. mm vt 1'1, fe 'v (.,. Wiite; sifii'- "Hl f r . mm. jp i OFFICERS-- 1958*59 Chairman, Board of Directors--W alter F. Carev, President, A u tomobile Carriers Inc., Flint, Mich. p 'ice Chairman, Board' of Directors-1-Dr. Lowell B. F isher, P resi dent, North Central Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools, University of Illinois, Ur bans, 111. President--H oward P yle, succeeding Ned H. Dearborn.* Vice-President for Farms--Kirk Fox, Editor Emeritus, Successful Farming, Meredith Publishing Company, Des'Moines, Iowa. Vice-President for Finance, and Treasurer -- W illiam H. I.owl. Treasurer, Inland Steel Company, Chicago, 111. Vice-President fo r Homes--I)r. George M. W heatley, Third Vice President, Metropolitan Lite Insurance Company, New York, N. Y. Vice-President fo r Industry--\V. 0 . W ilson, Manager of Safety, Standard Oil Company (Indiana), Chicago, Ml. Vice-President for Labor--P. L. SttLM.iM.ER, General Vice President. International Association of Machinists, Chicago, Ml. J'ice-'resident for State and Local Safety Organisations--W alter K. Koch, President, Mountain States Telephone and Telegraph Com pany, Denver, Colo. 1'ice-President for Membership-- E dward C. M yers, Vice President-- Personnel, United States Steel Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pa. 'ice-President for Public Information-- C n s tix s W . F erguson, Senior Editor, The Reader s Digest, Plcasantville, N. Y. I'ice-President for Schools and Colleges--Dr. Lowell B. F isher (Also Vice-Chairman of Board; see above:). 'ice-President fo r Traffic and Transportation--E. J. B uhner, Chair man of the Board, The Silver Fleet Motor Express, Inc., Louisville. Ky. I 'ice-Presidcnt for 11'omen's A cthities--M iss M arion E. Martin, Commissioner of Labor and Industry, State of Maine, Augusta, Me. Fxecutii'c 'ice-President--G. C. Ste.iIvart, Executive Vice-President, National Safety Council, Chicago, 111. Secretary--R. L. F orney, Secretary;; National Safety Council, Chi cago, 111. Assistant Treasurers--Buford B. M cC ulloch, President, Bureau of Safety, Inc., Chicago, 111. ; ; J. D. F ulfoud, Director, Treasury Bureau, National Safety Council, Chicago, 111. *Mr. Dearborn retired from the Presidency December 31, 1938 and, by prior action of the Board of .Directors, assumed the honorary position of President-Emeritus January 1, 1959. Mr. Pyle was elected President by the Board of Directors, succeeding Mr. Dearborn, and assumed the office February 1, 1959. ' 1 , t, , TRUSTEES-- 1958-59 t m Ckainmm of the Trustees--W. S. S, Rodgers, former Chairman,, :'H The Texas Company, 'New York,' N. Y. : Vice-Chairman of the Trustees-- J ohn ' Stilwell, Yonkers, N. Y. ' Members - s' i S* ifij irl7L* ' i t i i i Melvin H, Baker, Chairman, Board'.of Directors, National Gypsum .'{ Company, Buffalo. N. Y. i J;."-: J ames B, Black, Chairman, Board of Directors, Pacific Gas and Electric Company, San Francisco, Calif. . ;i: S. Bruce : Bi.ack, Chairman, Liberty Mutual Insurance Company, UJ Boston, Mass. ; J .yVUY'v 1 \ W alter F. Carey. President, Automobile Carriers, Inc., Mint, Mich. | (Ex-Offtcio). ,m Cason j. Callawav, Blue Springs Farms, Hamilton, Ga, W illiam G. C handler, President, Scripps-.Howard Supply Company, . New York, N. Y. C harles R. Cox, President, Kcnnecott Copper Corporation, New York. M. Y. *ui t * S stilr g mm Q jwP'F. Craig, Member, Executive.. Committee, American Telephone and Telegraph Company, Mew York, M. Y. ;-C ft W alter J. Cum m ings. Chairman, Board of Directors. Continental Illinois National Bank and Trust.'Company, Chicago, 111. H arlow H. C urtice, -Former President, General Motors Corporation, ' Mint, Mich. y ` . 1 . K R ichard R. Deu.pree, Chairman, 1Board of Directors, Procter and Gamble'Company, Cincinnati, Ohio. \ '- f e J. Doylf. D lW itt,. President, The Travelers, Hartford, Conn. Morse G. D ial, President, Union Carbide Corporation, New York, N. Y. E. F. du. Pont, Director, Employee Relations Department,- E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc., Wilmington, Del. F rederic W. Ecker, .President, Metropolitan Life Insurance Com pany, New York, N. Y. Ben ia m in F. Fairless, President, American Iron & Steel Institute, New York, N. Y. C alvin F entress, 1r., Chairman, Allstate Insurance Company, Skokie, 111. Francis J. Gavin, Chairman, Board of Directors, Great Northern Railway Company,. St. Paul, Minn. 5 li ISSai s I^yp-V^'iv*1^ wi*f- - t 'i'M'*'-i'if-i^v.%ivv.-h-fr/i . < i v ,,,;. l';'-'^,'' -.-:,;vri,:::'.,.,v-:-^;;, .,'.v.-r.v-!='- ,*<: * - / A ; * ,, . :'Vi:'.'--':'i ^V;-iV'rrf<'r''- v! ^;' ;Vr5 `ji:,?^"*;i'L>`;\v:,';:'i^'V'l;%V;'-.v'i-va,' v-'W'tvjbi f i S f p |N a M o n a lS i t * A S ; ^ > V'; JN.A.i'.;.i|-j;.r.;>.-;:v.: '.:K--..^:*/-I,. 's;^'N;W- ''y'.--f.'':yVf;;'f.--:-I'i0-'^7. - - ' H-'4?,-^iYi/'i1;* 1*C n # A i m < > i l I (Trusters, continued) ,-j ill Soft fytit ! M i1- .j iSfttoWitf!'-'-':-" - ' liif e` : 1fe&Mk1ijkir-Jy;.'. mk\[L , & U ` E. Roland H arkiman, Brown Brothers Harrirnan and Company,'New : York, X. Y. U v";: Clifford F. H ood, President, United States Steel Corporation, Pitts . burgh, Pa, J oseph L. L anier, President, West Point Manufacturing Company, West Point. Ga. Sam Laud, Chairman, Genera! American Transportation Corporation, ... Chicago, 111. George' E.-, Leighty,' Chairman, Board of Directors,. Railway .Labor Executives' Association, Washington, I). C. Ray D. M urphy, Chairman, The Equitable L ife' Assurance Society, of the United States, New York. N. Y. " T. S. P etersen, President, Standard-Oil Company of California, San Francisco, Calif. S herburne P rescott, Belle Haven,-Greenwich. Conn.' .Gwilym A. P rice, President and Chairman, Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pa. H oward P ylf., President, National Safety Council, 425 North Michi gan Avc, Chicago 11, 111. (Ex-Oincio) . W alter P. R euther, Vice President, American Federation of L abor-' Congress of Industrial Organizations, Detroit, Mich. W. S. S. Roiv.ers, Former Chainnan, The Texas Companv, New York, N. Y. Jj E dward L. S hea, Chairman, Ethyl. Corporation, New York, N. Y. H erbert. K. S m ith, Former Chairman, United States Rubber Com pany, New York, N. Y. J ohn Sth.wlll, Yonkers, N. Y. A rthur E , Stoddard, President.:'-Union Pacific Railroad Company, Omaha, Neb. . - Dr. J ohn F. T hompson. Chairman, The International Nickel Com pany, Inc, New York, N. Y. K enneth C. T owf., Former Clw'irman, `American Cyanamid Com pany, Greenwich, Conn. I; i J uan T. T rippe, President, Pan-American World Airways System, New York, N. Y. C. E .'W ilson, Birmingham, Mich Robert W. W oodruff, 'Chairman). Finance Committee, The Coca-Cola Company, Atlanta, Ga. UU'A" vW - A S - >-L.ihv,:GU.ihi)rtS Ht4i&^*rtvhSSiT i" 'sC, { oi` ,'%c1'1-.'*! '" r j N ational Safety Council i (Kill "||S BOARD OF DIRECTORS-- 1958-59: President, North Central Association ol Colleges and Secondary. Schools, University of Illinois, Urba*ia, 111. W jC,;'.; C W T J T : ? Members . . ....................................... . . . ............................., ; Frank R. AHi.CRic, Editor, 7'lic:;CotKtn<'rr|a^>'i>/'ia/, Ivlemphis;' J. T. Blalock, Vice President, Pacific Indannitv-Company,geics, Calif. .-; ;-c:; T. N. Boatt., Manager, Accident Prevention;. Department, Association of 'Casualty and Surety Companies, New Y arkp.N .W 1 <r ^ . V " ' W i C T - : ' vAr | . Al. E. Brown, Vice President, and Regional Director for the West 111< > Coast United Papcrtnakers and; Papcrworkers,/Portland, O.re.-trW'ij^ in , E. J._ B uhn er , - . ' -i. : Chairman of the ." Board, '- ;v The c . Silver Fleet 'Motor ;Ex-; press, Inc., Louisville, Ky. -E' i' ' : ;u W t ; Robert R. Burton, Vice President and Regional Manager, Kenyon k : Eckhardt Inc., Chicago, 111. , . " Alfred W, Cantweix, National Director Safety . S erv ices,T h e American National Red Cross, Washington, D. C. -.>:.... t ;WiW -il W alter F. Carxv, l'resident, Automobile Carricrs, Ine., Flint, Mich D r. A. L. C hai'Man, Chief, Division of . Special Health Services, U. S. Public Health.Service, Washington,; D. C. '-xx-xT ik-'' .- S I Dr. Zenas R. Clark, Administrative Assistant, Wilmington Publiicc ;:B 0 `:M 1 , Schools, Wilmington, Del. - : v . ./ ; i; v: .;: : c h i l l i J ohn M. Convexy, Employe Relations Division, National Association of Manufacturers, New York, N, Y. . - ; CAC Ernest G. Cox, Chiei, Section ot Motor Carrier Safety, Bureau of Motor Carriers, Interstate Commerce Commission, Washington, D. C. i. ' ' . ' . ".: : 1|P; J ames D andelake, President, Miller Electric Company of Florida, fTjW'i- Jacksonville, Fla. . . 1 ` ^ i _______t 1 ' "A U ' T7 i W S 1-M' j%i I mM imte * pjpij il*""' il N tional '7Board of Directors, continued) isi :j : i-;i i ' M. H. D arlington, J k., Managing Director, Inter-Industry Highway Safety Committee, Washington, D, C. J. B. D avies, Assistant V.Hte President, Industrial Products Group, Mine Safety ApphancesD!{C<ompany, Pittsburgh, Pa. . N ed H. D earborn,- Drakcjj^anor,- Titusville, Pa. E. F. du Pont, Director, Finploycc Relations Dept., E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc., W iirjtington, Del. Dr. J. D uke Ej.kow, Pijptr-esSor, Department of Health & Physical Education (Mcn),.Broo|;p;jTi College, Brooklyn, N. V. 1; j C. M. F erguson, Administrator, Federal Extension Service, Ignited States Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. i i C harles F erguson, Direjudr, Safety Division, United Mme W orkers of America, Washington ; D. C. . j : i C hvailrlcl,eNs .WV. . Ferguson, SSe!inior Editor, The Render's Digest, Plrasarit- R. H. F erguson, Assistant.. Director of Industrial Relations, Republic Steel Corporation, Cleveland.--.Ohio. D r: Lowell B. F isher,!: President, North Central Association of Colleges and Secondaryii>,chords, University of Illinois, Urbana, 111. K irk Fox, Editor Emerijiis, Successful Farming, Des Moines, Iowa. M rs. Gertrude H. FREiji, Assistant to -Vice' President & General Manager, New York Ttfephonc Company, Brooklyn, N. Y. Gerard O. Gkiitin, Director of Safety, Dravo Corporation, P itts burgh, Pa. ; , S. \V. 'Grimes,'M anaging Director, Pacific Coast Association of Pulp and Paper Manufacturers, Portland, Ore. E arle S. H anna ford, Safety Engineer, Long Lines Department, American Telephone and Telegraph Company, New York, N. Y. M rs. J. Ramsav H arris, Denver, Colo. J. P. H ightower, Assistant Vice President, Consolidated Freightway, Inc., Eastern Division, Indianapolis, Ind. Edward F. H oi.ter, Lecturer, National Grange, Washington, D. C. L S tanlev C. H ole, Chairman, Automotive Safetv Foundation. New York, N. Y. 8 ' j." " L 'v>ii ti ; *A i'l-S "* r g ii .S- -Ti/V-: N ational Safety Council .. ., _ ,. . . . ,. i l i i i l l -(Board of Directorst continued) . :mm $$$& George A. J acoby, Director of Personnel Relations, Genera! Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich. : ; v- f'yA y Xewkj.i. R. J ohnson. General Manager, American MutiiaT Insurance ' Alliance, Chicago, 111. J ohn F. j u u , Safety Manager, Consolidated Western Steel Division, United States Steel Corporation, Los Angeles, Calif. C wC Walter K. Koch, President, Mountain States Telephone and Tele graph Company, Denver, Colo. Dalibor W. Kralovec, Assistant Director in Charge of Safety,. TheCp Board of Public Education, Philadelphia,;Pa. t'piBifS F ranklin M. Kkf.ml, Director, Transportation Center, Northwestern :C; University, Evanston, 111. ' ' i Edmond H. Leavey, President, Intcrnntionap Telephone and- Tele graph Corjoration, New York, X. Y. y . Dr. F red Long, Director of Health, Peoria,.111. . W illiam H. Lowe, Treasurer, Inland Steel Company, Chicago, III." H. G. Mangelsdokf, Standard Oil Company (X. J.), Xew York, X. Y. Miss Marion E. Martin, Commissioner of Labor and Industry, State of Maine, Augusta. Mr. E. C. Md*AiiDt.N, Vice President, Texas Employers' Insurance Asso-. ciation, Dallas, Texas. I. W. ,MlU-AkD, Chairman of the Board, Industrial'Gloves Company, Danville, 111. B in E. Mcm fort, Safety Engineer, Xew York. X. Y. 'Edward C. -Myers, Vice President--Personnel, United States Steel Corporation, Pittsburgh, I'a. G fv L. Noble, Chicago, 111. Ct.trroN W. P hale.v, Executive. Vice President, American Telephone and Telegraph Company, Xew York, X. Y. H oward P yle, President, National Safety Council, Chicago 11, 111. (Elected bv the Board of Directors to fill a vacancv, January 13, 1959.) . .. A. V. Rohw'kdek, Superintendent of Safety &. Welfare, Duluth, Missabc & Iron Range Railway Company, Duluth, Minn. i s it ! <M;i fy.'K-y. -trA'M r - ' D '/oJlV.- i r ` /v`1 t $ ^ l m .;i.j)i-Cii b :;'if;-*CV , t l ` , ' : asiaikSili  |` iv e * N ational ^ ^cTfety C o u n cil . J S I B P ' >vv !Board of Directors, ccmitnurd,) Robert T. Ross, Manager, Employee Service, Industrial Relation;., Ford Motor Company!; Dearborn, Mich. Mrs. Raymond S ayre, Ackworth, Iowa. A. J. Son wastes... Head of Department o Agricultura! Engineering, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minn. . P. L. StEMiu.r.K, Gcneriiil Vice President, International Association of Machinists, Chicago, ..111. . Reuben D. S ivfjrson, Manager, Department, oi Manufacture, Cham ber of Commerce of [ithe United States, Washington, D. C. I. L. S. Snead, 1r., President, Consolidated Freightwavs Inc., Mertlo Park, Calif. j , L eslie J. Sorenson, Deputy Commissioner. Bureau oi Street Traffic and Parking, Chicago, 111. H erman J. Smerer. Vice President. Industrial Relations, The Youngs town Sheet and Tube Company. 'Youngstown. Ohio I A. E. Stottke, \ 'icc {president. Allstate Insurance Cotnpanv. Skokie, in. ;; Li. C. Stewart, Executive Vice President, National Safety Council. 425 North .Michigan, iA venue, Chicago 11, 111. A W alter A. Stewart, . Trustee, American Optical Company, Bristol, Rhode Island. Arthur .E. StowiakiS President, Union. Pacinc Railroad Company, Omaha, Nebr. Col. Wh L. T ubbs, Asjstant for (.round Safety, DCS/Persor.nel, Hep. U. S. Air Force, Wshitigton, D. C. L i/ iyd U tter, Director. Industrial Health & Safety Division, United Automobile Workers, Detroit, Mich. Dn. G eorge M. W heatley. Third Vice President, Metropolitan In surance Company, New York, N. Y. Robert S. W ilson, Akron, Ohio. \V. O. W ilson, Manager of Safety, Standard Oil Company (Indiana), Chicago, 1!. ,; Dr. William P. YaNt, Director of Research, Mine Safety Appli ances Company, Pittsburgh, Pa. IB -tU'-rf '"f 1958 NationaltSafety C cpriJi|;||I?.yj r*-- ' ft. L'Ji' } *v \ mm 11 ' 'i 2.1 The e x p lo s io n s '1described,1 resulting^;!,;-:?;,- Tabte/'ofi;M et*llk';Oxidet^lj*t*d in.ll;' from contact between molten'aluminum and < D eeremy O rder 'of F re e E nergy. 1 copper oxide, and molten - aluminumjTwith J ; the oxides of bismuth'and lead, confirm the ; Beryllium Oxide ' " l' ^BeO ' :" ' above statement. T he'attached "Table of 'M agnesium. Oxid*e " MgO '' 1 Free `Energy ; of Formation" for- various Aluminum; Oxide A120. metallic oxides should serve :as a guide to Zirconium Oxide .ZrO, possible similar reactions between other ma Titanium -Dioxide TiO, terials, We do not imply that all of the Silicon ..-Dioxide..'- SiO, materials listed in this table will react nor Boric Oxide BiO that they arc the only ones which can con Sodium Oxide N'suO tribute to such a reaction. The table is .Manganese Oxide MnO included here as a guide to possible re Zinc Oxide ZnO actions. Stannic Oxide (Tin) SnO, 3. Preventive measures to eliminate con Stannous Oxide ( T in) SnO tacts between materials m this table arc Ferric Oxide (Iron) Fe*0 practical and easily performed by operating Ferrous Oxide (Iron) FeO jiersonncl. As listed earlier, these measures Water H0 (Liquid) consist essentially of preventing any con Manganese Dioxide MnO, tact between oxides and pure metals which Lead Oxide PbO (R e d )' may react with such oxides. Lead Oxide PbO (Yellow) It is hoped that this information will Bismuth Oxide BiitO, prove to be of value in preventing explo Cuprous Oxide Cu.O sions and resultant injury to personnel and Cupric Oxide CuO damage to equipment in non-ferrous metal Lead Dioxide PbO, melting operations. Nickel Oxide XiO, , , i xi Wx. '-if ' 1 , 1 /. V j t,t ,1 s i t < H i | f 4 1 in i HEALTH >HrAZARvDSf "i ,IiNt ,Tr `fcH'? E FOUNDRY*,,, A BIRD'S-EYE VIEW OF WHAT TO DO By LYNN D. WILSON. PH. D. ' >' Wilson Industrial Hygiene ft Research Laboratories, Chicago, III.' For mans vears. foundrv operations of The human organism is daily exposed to all type*, have been held in low regard by any number of stimuli which vary /both vin... Iwth the foundry worker and the general exposure intensity and the severity of their m public an being dark, smoky, smelly, dusty effects. Quite broadly these may be grouped ; sources of-ill health. In the not-too-distant into physical and systemic stimuli. Among,;: past this impression was without ,,question the physical stimuli are' glare, heat,snob*.: well-founded, but under the enlightenment and skin irritation while the systemic stimuli a1; of expanding, research such impressions need include the whole.gamut of the chemicals', no longer*be entertained. of industry together with their decompose : The purpose of this discussion then will be to consider the various types of health hazards and their effects and then to examine and select the most promising of tion products. This classification is :ad -f mittediy not cutely restrictive but has beer. * chosen to facilitate discussion despite some1a overlapping of concepts. - ,, < remedial measures. The time and space Considering the several physical stimuli ini alloted for this discussion will not allow turn, attention is firsf invited* toi,thesin -1 exhaustive treatment but it is hoped that cidence of excessive glare or l i g h ti n ! the;,i comment herein will be sufficiently thought- foundry. These are so obvious as to require >, provoking that .new and perhaps more simple only their mention--namely, welding, cutting, /i remedial measures mav be devised. air-arcing and furnace melting operations. ent on the operational; Sha'dU:d lenses w ith1'-; hazards shade gradients from P t o 14 are standard l eyes and, and are readily selected' from , maculae*'sibrrfor, turers' recommendations. Full face protcc- Actually^significant rcductioaryf;excessive tion in the form of an opaque mask is heat levels .involves j isolatiosnjaiad/iYielding virtually mandatory.<as .protection against of the heat'sources^ but:'ith.uiUvila^ely^p<M-fe; sparks and <so-called "sun-barn.",',* > sible* only iri'rKv^liconitrui^i^lllinieliglass^ Of equal importance, but .often insuffi- industry has m adepnarvdoi.ssstridei^m jAis cicntly stressed is'th e exposure received by direction an<!i"wlule5thc.iproblen|tirei{rjc,JiJ^^lj;| workers in surrounding areas. Only too ( not directly comparable to those, in the fouh frequently the protection, afforded by cur: . dry the principlesican rbe appliedZinlpew|pr {, tains or walls is inadequate,'either,by o rig i^ 1-' revised installations.1,!" ,-,'''1 in planning o r through tears, In recent years serious .ittentjpn?hasibecn rips, rents and o th e r1damage incurred1in focused 5<on(j.hearing!'lo sses^ 'c m g e n d e t^ |in use. O ften because of faulty design, v eldasr-w dustria! *operations.' T h e ^ a itjf a ^ n u m b tr ,in g :booths are poorl)' ventilated, resulting in v, o f factors concerned in this problem i^am el), protective curtains being draw n a s i d e ,to , w hat c o n s titu te s ^ ( e a rin g d c ii? M|iqyi ^ a t t {ty } L - allow. increase in air flow ,, with resultantifc'an ^in d u stria lly ^ c u a e d ^ l>eaurl i ^ ppliiBipaJJriMCgti!^a.dl*M'sjP glare exposure to employees in the area!4, I t ' be differentiated from that.resultingf-irom is evident then that protection a g a in stig fo re jisn o rm a lii'p h y sio lo g ic a lid e te rio ratio n ^ w h a t 1 s __ i _*t _ . l :ii:1.1' ''it1`J v._ "1' ^ ...................Sv,...... ................. .........O nly'a lew, answers are now available; fo: entr^y..m .gia^9^s^i^r.^|> i^ecle(l.tpersotis.^l;all...tbese and many other questions associated^ n iu str bbee.',pprroonnuunneenttrlytl^yv' ii>>oosstteedd' aanndd:;laarreeaa'' ffoorree--!;ili.i'.with hearing loss.'-/As a first* requirement/l*; men m ust, be provided with authority t o . instrumentation' is now available, for;"meas-,i| . enforce, such restriaiotis.,. - . , ' uring, noise levels-of both, the,*continuous' .\3-;:fiTVie question of excessive heat associated and jimpact ;?types ;| hence' argumentsjbijftof with open hearth furnace, annealing oven noise; intensity and range distribution !need i and core oven operation *and the floor- ' cooling of stripped castings is one that has ' W ith' reference to nuiximum ||allb^ab)c| existed since founding operations' were d e -! noise levels, the ,%'alue of 95, dedb.ls jilta ' ' '' ' 1establish ed ^ a s h 0 Jtt^e I Ws- ,y ji;,of||:j:asp&s|8 ..onK.-:'clarification'rbfllcgaI jsisliC T id t^ ^ lth e j .. ----- mg period of six' months before suits1for * m heat prostration through ^ ir'Tett ' niancim,.K*estwmcii jnugntjp^^*x|ijet^{inji Decreasing!!lhe^nuisance !to ;the :'in d iv id u ay U h ean n g flo ssjp irig ^q n ;|^ and ; increasing h isco m fo rt involves, : as a - vised Uo examine: noise sourcesandkonsid r *1 iiSip! IS 1I1! I1 ` Mi? t \ %,11J'114ll -L1 m H fy.~ \0 sibic that considerable expense may be in-; volved, but this would be only ;a d ro p / bucket if a ' rage of compensation - suits, should be filed. -, Skin -irritation, or dermatitis,-vand .back injuries arc the two most costly industrial disabilities so far as compensation payments arc concerned. The causes of skin irritations may be almost as numerous as the very Hems with which a person; comes ' in "daily contact and hence a sure preventative is not known, nor can it be devised. The problem is further complicated by the phenomenon of . sensitization wherein dermal, irritation does not 'result rom .a single exposure but docs erupt on a second exposure. - Long .observation-of industrial dermatitis has revealed, ' however that there ar two factors in the causation of irritation which can be controlled. These arc ( 1) jscrsonal cleanliness, and (2) improper use of ..in dustrial solvents. There. are unbelievably large numbers of people whose personal cleanliness leaves much to be desired, with 5; A eftfi P I Sr;icrouii f i t 1^iadm 1,\ir?*v|If r lain duo act ually enter the human.organism sand ure-, ',^11>rt' (' suit .in ac u te 'o r chronic disabilitiesA|tIti is 1 y.' relc. ovi important to may appear, 1 iji'!i ;t>f]1*v .ganads tchhartoncihcroenfifcecextspaoasruere;psomssiabyl;eh,aahvaen;dnokis,iombviliaorulys 'IW'it*i'.1IV corn m an ifestatio n s'u n u l incurable disability ap- 1,$| s 1 cast ,0m l1I't/'.,.V,i)'', r>p ( To a lesser degree entry may'occur.through )4$1 , its bias cuts and abrasions in not common and ran uthsuealslkyinb-ebuptr'etchluisdeids1-;J,,d;V'difoii'+MrAC?i;K$>vn-.-' clos nes1- .Abybsporroptteiocntivteh,rboaungdhagtihnegiiinotra.;c.bt'a,rsrikeirn.;i;hcraesammost Si |iivt^|B rc\ r IgP' usually - been : considered a s ;a n ' important : vf-a0h pr mode of entry, except for a few specific']r-(l'jif :W.r1|0> !c\c .tp.-.. dial the skin and are then distributed throughout ; the result that just plain dirt serves as the the body by the. blood stream.' focus of irritation and infection and, accord ingly, ;r true industrial dermatitis is ' not present. Entry by ingestion is' likewise;uncommon but docs ixrcur; where vapors or gases invade lunch ' boxes and . saturate foodstuffs, ,, or Records of the foundry medical depart - where a drinking glass' has ibccn incorrectly., merit and close observation by the nurse...J used as dipper tor-som e material . other; and foreman frequently serve to sjsot such than water, or in' the . case of fingernail; offenders, after which the solution to the chcwers. dificulty becomes one of company policy as to education in and enforcement of personal sanitation. , This latter instance of inadvertant inges tion is more common than would normally,* be suspected, especially in the case of The availability of industrial solvents used women. as degreasing agents has resulted in a readily in the ; light of this brief review; then, identifiable cause, of dermatitis. These de it' is evident that inhalation' remains as the greasing agents .such as carbon tetrachloride, prime port of entry of toxic.: materials. trichloroethylene, methyl chlorofonn, etc., are all too frequently used for the removal of dirt and grease from the hands, forearms, and even '`the necks and faces of workers. Natural oils in the skin are thus removed leaving the skin dry, cracked and scaly and allowing easy secondary infection. Because of continuous changes in, manu facturing processes, there can be no in variant list of toxic substances ^present in foundry practice. There-are:a number of, standard practices however whichfare pro ductive of toxic,materials. ' Among them is . carbon monoxide, which is ;a opmmon prod It is evident, therefore, that strict prohibi uct of incomplete ''cothbustioat^The egas-;is -s tion against such improper use of solvents highly toxic, lieing fatal in concentrations must be jiostcd and enforced. To aid in such above 0.4 p er cent for exposures; of less enforcement management sh o u ld provide than one hour. Its maximum acceptable con T arrier creams which protect against in centration for the 8-hour , working day ;is \ advertent penetration of solvents. These (.1.01 xrr cent. ' - 1, 22 |g mm or>pra)( ' as in thef , ojie ations snoulc1 ventilated hood or ats gnndin* .............. .. i.v i|ui;c rcmarKaoic in that its origin was4 quite obscure. The shot- blast operator working inside "a total e n -' . closure complained of headac'ne, nausea, dull- .; ,--v--> 4.i>cs on coatings snouid 1viie.ss,: ctc^;but obvious investigation failed to i lx:., conducted in standard; explosion-proofh ... reveal the cause... ....... well-exhausted hoods. : In all cases the.;paint Finally, a sample of air from the com- . manutacturfrfi.should be requested to; supplj v, pressor,;;; 1urnishing air to his suppliedrair.; and .safety .data l>eforc/iTouuiieuse *->&,.f ' - A, ho:*! was .checked for carbon monoxide, a " level of some 160 pjun being found.1'11 imme diately....', appeared.-,..:hat compressor oil was toxic by -products generated m welding and 1 somehow-being subjected to .excessive heat aitttiig operations.; It has ibeenlishown^tHat' " {jh ir-fy and ; partia! decomsi tion through fncuon oxides of nitrogen and free, ozone Re" pro- t . so the;, unit was -subjccied to complete o v er-'- .,,?US&. a n l.in special., cases].,.zinc-,antiwcad--^ w ' h a u l.O n 'replacement'';'of worn (>art.- ihc mmm fume are 'released from the,'' bat^t'5 generation of CO was stopped, In general, prevention of .carbon monoxide ex|xistire . involves ;ihe realization that any condition of incomplete combustion is a sure source of- CO. Where complete com-. nietals. togethervwith fiuoridesirom ' coated^......-- : electrodes <. V ,t \ d , .The oxides of nitrogen present hazards and may. dispose tovrard p __ Ozone, a highly,.reactive fp n n J o /^ V x y g m ^ & f^ S "busiioti as not possible, exhaust ventilation.;;; 'jF ( ^ r `^ s ;Tu!wonan-:firri1tant'f,Jand "in''exor at least copious air.nwvemcnts for dilu- ccssive. concentration' accelerates ,"the; pulse'1-C'^ S tion must be supplied. pro<luces stupefaction and ` creates^contin-" ^ ^ tuxis. general bo__d__jy pain. . ... . . . T* hWe maximum ae -'V ;.V:Carbon .dioxide: is not normally a hazard ; ceptafbilei*e\icr Aonn c^ Mcni tt ratio--n are 5 ppm and ,-i 0.1 ; itneritohres ofoi uonvderyn,s, exitcseprtole>earshaaps toinxicthaegeinnt if; ppm respcctiseK >' * ' , is that of .''a.contributor bt oxygen deficiency, Zinc fume produces the fam iliar' m etal' ^ ; but except for. instancin;'where; oxygcti has fume fever which is largely transitory,' but f! . . .. .. L. .. I . . . . . I > < ikic; oA>gcn n a s?; cadmium''"poisoning';; niorcipermamtr a i d ^ Iwcii to-reduced to below ;16.5:per'cent from ;.f5everc^%vql.ving: both', abdominal. iu normal, value of 21 j>cr cent, in air, fears;.,.; mqnary,;effects,^together, o f'its lctlia.l;asp,-e--c.t.s. n,se,VeXdfnowottb\nez: Held. T1hncebftionlin'thecskeletoniffrotn'% hichtit'"m a^;;}> e^^fe^ : remedy .in "all cases is'.introduction -of- lresli air. : ..................... .. !,.> f.--.l released,and .offericontiiiuatiqnfof.s> np to m ^ ^ |M M T h e relative Wyeritxfoi ftheyi ^ i^ u ^ sj Exposure;.to, industrial, solvents in foundry indicated byUheit maximum acceptable con-''" / 1 areas' proper,;-,is n o tf frequentfexcept .'for centrations o- fi ;'1*S*-m--g1/cuA meter iutd^Oi'l^ppth,'Jz/,'ff^ p U K machine shop and maintenance areas. Here respectively. '.'.t.h.e. c..h,.lvor,,iniawteu4d------l.-s*o-vl-ve-einnts*s'.',1ssuucchh.' aass ccaarrbtonn V 1The use of . fluoride-coated electrodes;has; tet.r.achlori.dei, "tricvhitliovtroV/eVtUhl#y' l4eCln1eC-,.3aHnUd .mmCetihl\y1l offered controversial.; tf*<indings,,MbUuCt1'1'CcCeIrt|#a-i|fnl cchhlloorrooffoorrmm aarree;, mmeett oonn..; ooccaaiissiioonn,. bbuutt >exr -- rre, isrpi;irra,,t^o,,ry, ; irritations ensue and some riot- , Insures are'usually , well-controlled in indus- tling of. the teeth.'occurs. Inhibition' of " X M f?fe ,;Jv ,^4-i S ^ * s Mj^' ? -*% T-nm* m i >vf 5 Mt - '-Vi!'. 11 'A .i/W, A,.i-t-- f.-Y'' ... <"' ..' -........... ' ' _ ' ' .N <>tw.ujc<iih,atg!fai4lfr.'" ^ ^ d im reported. Finally, wnite not a true toxic nazara, .M axim um A U ow ableC onceatrations the m atter of evolution of^ir<%ipwd^/ f u t n e / ^ ^ ^ ^ i ^ g i ls v ^ ^ f -F r e e Silica >l- , must'ibc ^considered.iiAThe/iiuitieAitsdf^iHs-WSSilii^p^^A ,yi /* ,;i - Vfc f benign,;; but its rahalaUon ^produces an x-ray "Hirh--above 50% r ` ` 5 lung pattern.virtually mdistinguishable ifirom Medium--5%--50% ' ' 20 that of . silicosis;, and it is evident thereiore that unwarranted compensation suits for Low--below 5% \ 50 silicosis might be experienced. On the basis of br^ad studies in various foundries,1it has been "-found that the free With reference to protection against weld silica content of settled dusts in-general . ing and icutting by-products it seems safe foundryi/areas is of (the order of 30 to to say that in wide open foundry a re a s; , SO.per cent; hencesthe, maximum allowable allowing 10,000 cu. f t of air per welder, concentration ofv.respirable dust should 1 dilution and general ventilation should be 20,000,000, particles per cubic foot (mppei). adequate to prevent inhalation of these toxic materials. However, in confined areas where Most 'foundry areas ' are . quite liberally covered with sand dust, but certain of them it would be possible for these fumes to are more productive of conditions conducive enter the; breathing zone u n d er the welding to concentration of silicosis than others. In 1 hood, local exhaust must be provided. general, core rooms show a relatively lav. The most serious toxic hazard !encoun tered. in the foundry is free silica from the sand used in core and molding operations. dust count, since core sand is usually mois tened with binders. .However, spilled san.l which 's allowed to - dry on the floor i- Inhalation of free silica dusts-"results'inthe disease known as silicosis. Alt -occurs only after long-continued exposure (5-20 years) and is characterized by an x-ray lung pattern revealing uniform- bilateral fibrotic nodulation, the nodules ranging from 3 to 5 mm in diameter, the size being -propor tional to the extent of the disease. Symptoms include shortness of breath on exertion, decreased chest' expansion, a drynon-productive cough, chest pain and, as the disease progresses, increased inability to perform normal work functions. ' constantly Ybeing > dispersed into breathing zones and represents a serious hazard. Similarly,-"dispersals;'from.- roll-over ma chines,` jolting!machines a n d ,core blower-' present appreciable hazard because of accel erated drying.; The same considerations apply tom okiing operations. f In molding however a more. serious oper ation is current in many, operations, namely, the use of silica washes w here finely divided aqueous silica suspensions arc- sprayed over mold surfaces. Even though th e `'particles arc; moist, they" are so finely divided that . There are four factors which are con evaporation of moisture is very rapid, leav-t cerned with its contraction and progression. ing the dry dust air-borne. These arc The greatest source of surge loading of 1. Particle size of the dust being inhaled. 2. Concentration of the dust being inhaled. 3. Amount of free silica in the dust. 4. Duration of exposure. the working atmosphere is. of course,- the; shake-out where; dust counts as high 7 0 -- 100 million have! been . found. in all fair ness it can be said on the basis of -studies - ? covering "before--during--after" - measure- - The concentration of the dust being in haled and the amount of free silica in that dust are. inter-related. A long-established bench mark based on extended research ments that within 10 to 30 minutes a fte r, completion of shake-out of rr series of -.flasks,M'-v> dust counts subside to reasonably satis factory levels, but where shake-out opera- 1 stated that if the product of the free silica tions . arc,,' relatively continuous, no ,.such content of the dust and the number of reduction can particles in cu. ft. less than 10 microns in ,: !At least'as serious "a-source of .dust as the -. >: size exceeded the figure 5 million, the ex shake-out is the sand-handling system, espe-( posure could be regarded as conducive to the daily that portion in the pit below a shake-1 - contraction of silicosis. This restriction has out and the belt system conveying hot s a n d ' been somewliat relaxed in recent-years such to the recovery' system. !>r^jiwiii.v Vrip,rA*iJrfir**eCiwJfcr L wm SWM*&SKl"$i`<.fiir11_! ,l,>,:,'-('* V ^' `*i ' r Ti1V, ,"1^v%< vJ *i il l4|fjr %VU^s"npH3fl( *| 1 J r.,r * ^ ^ vw--***.- . .*'-,j*J;v.*JLlSU.^ *u.w ibAtv,,L0 ,.^S ' *' 1 , , ....... 6 * compress<1 air to blow off niolds, cores, core -plates, dies ana floor areas. " * ......... /. -.^-;.v.r:r-."""Ar`v:<;-:;'-'''*^t `|1 ;';UiCf i un ',n"tp'larcas. , 1 '" ttlligent' u s e ; of 'man-coolers which,^` while . . ' 1 ' . . , , ' oi,;apparent `comforting:-effect on specific However, tf the loca source were-to,be,. ".employees, actually, ft present "- ---- , health lia/ard to all in t! y way ot individual protection a^ lnst :K;disturbance' of adjaceiit.general areas, dust excesses,: it would, at tirst appear that - ,.' . - , ,. , the . basic remedial .measure would involve 1 *^he'j cornbtnation ;>,-tncia-rsof :<;lpcab;i:cxlxattst^ the use of .respirators.. By adopting; a respirator policy, tacit admission - p fj, ti existence, of unheahhiul dust conditions :".automatically elicited."-Furtliermore, uw5c,r s e p F f <* conditions with: adequate c s ment -ftof:;ftthe.vsiwearing Kof ft-respirators is - Objections' that materials handling con- . practically impossible, since they arc cum- ' siderations;would/ offer;; interi;erenc;j/are?bf.. ,, bcrsomc,- irritating, -and inconvenient. Actu- liuk|>gtufiqmce..%in<'-: readjrisbiutions tcv'f { ^ ally,,;respirators should, lie.iwom. only where ..-j -such',:probfcnis;:are/iavaibble.!CT^ other: more satisfactory >means of elirnina- stance, -crane', handling of castings couldi'ij-" 'tion of hazard -are not feasible- be proposed.as-a major, deterrent to segrega-Ty ,% "' Acknowledging that respirator protection, tion; , blJt .-both in general' ami " particular, is but a co.u^4 .;-- 1 >^>a^s ^ `4 a t t e m p t a t fostering employee ' wel^ ; W)th stock being1introduced therein frotn fare: it appears that general redaction of .shorrtt,..''ttrraannssffeerrttrracks : or roller' ceonnnvvey,TMors exposures Is in order.-'Such reductiioon ds ;?rotTt tbe, nuuniiaisle where cranes usuati) '< normally^accomplished by - so-called ; "cdLii.mu. . ft-operate, no real problem exists. - ' / ; V i'p ft'jo'? ;, tiont"'c^vveennttiillaattiioonn,^''?lw.whheerreebbyy :"ggTroossss ccoonnttaammiinnaa- - In like- mannCT.^he `suggestion^tlt;|W e ld ^ ^ `(`h tioni i's brought below toxic limits bv dilution -crs:-work up-wind can. be facilitated by posi-lii'M/* 3'S.S: II In sm inun it is' fell that real ni employee eviKisiirts can l*c made by adoption of the principles of segregation combined with local exhaust anil adequate S >m particular jmtanccM but such technupit, ' * liordcr on ultrn-refinancnts winch are tv i S l i i l " generally applicable. 1 ,V v 'iK't r \ft y' > r. its. ,'Uhc*: VI. )tv h - V *'4* ' .L, A LOOK AT THE FUTURE By HOWARD M. WINTERSON 1; to*'*iv? Vice President--Industrial Relations, Blaw-Knox C om pany,'Pittsburgh, Pan mmm My assignment here is to pilot u s . on "a There are many other evidences oi prog- journey ;to safety's -tomorrow, v; But 1 leel res-. m the saiciyr movement. But there is it will.be more useful it-.first we.'pause .for -no point m my detailing this progress; for a look?at'"'safety's past and check our pre you know' it better than. I, It i> sufficient parations,, for that trip to the future." to say that many people Inc who would : Among the first things to be noted in tins look at ihe past is that a good million lives have been saved by ibc nanonal stiffly move ment during the 45 years it lias been an organized fo rce' in tins country. Think of have died, that millions slave escaped injury; and that accident frequency has Iseen ri duced generallyi,throughouuandiislrv; .some". times hy as much as 90 i>er cent, U iauv; ui the achievements m your profession... > it--1,000,000; jieople saved from premature, And yet, the same data shows ihe tre - >o-eaHed accidental, death mewious. challenge which >tih face, ust-m ( Actually the National Safety Council the 44 year.i from 1914 tluough 1957, i claims tlie saving otV only 750,000* people. ' total of 4,048,044q>eople .actually*1died amthc This is based on reductions- from the United Stales treatise of safety failure'.. 1900-1.913 accident rates. This makes no ' That's one highlight' from th e ' story oi allowance for improvements in categories safety's past v 1 .million, saved, 4 million for -which there w as no basis of com killed--for every life-saving success. ;four parison in the early years of the century. tragic failures! A reasonable estimate is at least 1,000,000 Another highlight from : the story au --and the figure could approach11,500,000. j safety' is that un the basis of 1957.-accident So, visualize with me- for a moment this records, we were performing at tin- lifetime most rewarding aspect of the past accom rale of . " ; plishments of the safety movement, Picture a vanguard of at least 1,000,000 people ful filling their natural destiny, given additional life and opjxjrtnnity through the prevention of accidents. Many in this vanguard are alive today. They don't know thev w'ere saved, hut they were. Perhaps.some of those saved are in this room, or among our fami lies. , -Thai's.a gratifying picture of.U. S. safety leriormnnce. That vast deed of lite-saving was, in part, vour deed--the results of the efforts of all who contributed to, invested in, and supported the. safely movement. * Accident Facts, 195fi Edition. . T person out of every 26 in our population being.killed; 1 person out of every 7 being permanently t-disablcd ; and al| the indi viduals in the U.' S. bemgt temporarily dis-' abled by accidental causesan ^average vor four times 1 Will tins slaughter and crippling of. human beings continue? What is th e1 future' safety' .V *f t , -l ( M Tt would:be easy to try some forecasting It would 1; easy to extend some trend;lines and tell ourselves that weTiave a ;projective mirror of safety's tomorrow.;! c:wouldtalso' lc. in style, for this is an age of ,crystal;hall gazing, a tune when the; tendency ir, human I- ! m ''. - 'H1- ''l '" f i r i --.!'J.'i :i: ' 1 :i > .li.j.V->':ci >.-*1 ' l'.--rfi-n E - in--- >I a W-rry^tV^ i .*tp*V^g4^SiV ( 38P ?535 \m s rm /I:;- NATIONAL ggpl CONGRESS 1si I A - 3 " ' 1/ 1 V , MHI -iIf: | ii.' ?i&l i ' IIIlllllllllllllIH IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIlllllllllllllilllliilllliiiiiiiiiiiilliliiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiifiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiin i <> .-.-1 - ' j ^ y * v x. ` f S i m i'4,' '4 iv - 4 <l!i-'K'rtv>*i>i! i'iIs "* ^ H l|-i:BIH t`yyeylI "" *i is is ia ili < * * s *^',,1 * niiiiiiiiiieiuiiiitEiiiiiiim iiiisiiiiim iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiim iiim iaitiH iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiininini , ,, , r ; /i.iiepVV.w.-." ,, '{ M l ~ rw r-. . NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 4 1 425 N. MICHWAN AVL * CHICAGO 1L ILL -VI.:, s,iiSii i i S S ill ( r i i 4 OFFICERS OF THE i PUBLIC * s UTILITIES 'V'-sTfi V ' kira -> ' *Vy-v'isv'' ' SECTION U> dV ("'V 1 NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1958-59 General Chairman--E. M. CHASE, safety director, Central Vermont Public Service Corp., 77 Grove St., Rutland, Vt. .Vice-Chairman--R. S. LOWE, plant training and safety supervisor, Northwestern Bel! Telephone Co., Omaha 2, Nebr. < Second Vice-Chairman--R. E McELDOWNEY, JR., safety director. United Fuel Gas Co., P .O .B o x 1273, Charleston 25, W. Va. Secretary--CHARLES SCH W EICK A RT, safety director, Hoosier Engineering Co., Box 415, Columbus 16, Ohio Program Committee--ERROLL DUNBAR (Chairman), safety engineer, Potomac E ectric Power Co., 10th and E Sts., N. W ,, Washington 4. D. C ; S. T. ROBESO N (ViceChairman--.Communications), safetv director, Carolina Telephone and Telegraph Co., 122 E. Saint James S t, Tarboro, N. C ; V. L. W O M ELD O R FF (Vice-Chairman-- Electric), safety director, Illinois Power Co., 500 S. ,27th St., Decatur, III. : R. G. CLAAR (Vice-Chairman--Gas), safety director. The Ohio Fuel Gas Co., 99 N. Front St., Columbus 15, Ohio; V. A. A PPLEY A R D (Vice-Chairman--W ater), chief of water operations, W ater Dept., City of Philadelphia, 1103 City Hall Annex, Philadelphia 7, Pa. Engineering Committee--W ILLIA M F. BACHMAN (Chairman), safety director, Omaha Public Power D istrict Omaha 2, Nebr.; JO H N BIRD (Vice-Chairman--Communica tions), administrative supervisor, The Western Union Telegraph Co.; 60 Hudson S t. New York 13, N. Y. ; J. G. DALTON, general safety engineer, Southern Bell Tele phone and Telegraph Co., Hurt Bldg., Atlanta 1, Ga. ; *D. \V. FAUBER, engineer, American Telephone and Telegraph Co., 195 Broadway, New York 7, N. V'.; R. B EITH (Vice-Chairman--Electric), manager and secretary-treasurer, Electrical Utilities Safety Association of Ontario, 90 Harbour St., Toronto 1, Canada; E B. BEILI., assistant safety director, Ohio Power Co., 301 Cleveland Ave., S. W,, Canton 2, Ohio; D W IG H T B. MOORE, safety director, Duke Power Co..,Charlotte 1. N. C ; I. Rj R IPL E Y . JR., director of safety, Central Maine Power Co., 9 Green St., Augusta, M aine; E. P. M UELLER (Vice-Chairman--Gas), asst, director of safety, The Peoples G as'L ight and Coke Co., 122 S. Michigan Ave., Qiicago 3, 111.; E D. JO N ES, safety director, City Utilities of Springfield, M. P. O. Box 551., Springfield, Mo.; *B, J. LORENZ, manager of safety, Northern Indiana Public Service ' Co., 5265 Hohman Ave,, H am mond, Ind. ; O. V. BROCKW AY (Chairman--W ater), safety inspector, Board of W ater Commissioners, P. O. Box 600, Denver, Colo.; ` OSCAR GULLANS, chief water chemical engineer, Bureau of Water, City of Chicago* Chicago 49, 111.; R. M. CLARK (Vice-Chairman--Special P rojects), safety director, Atlantic City Electric Co.. 1600 Pacific Ave., Atlantic City, N. J . ; ,*J. IRVIN G SM ITH , general supervisor, safety and training. The Shawinigan W ater and Power Co., P. O. Box 269, Shawinigan Falls, Quebec, Canada. Education and Training Committee--T. F. W ICK FORD (Chairman), safety supervisor, Commonwealth Edison Co., 72 W. Adams St., Chicago 90, 111.; K. G. CREGAR (ViceChairman--Posters), safety director, Metropolitan Edison Co., P. O. Box 542, Read- ' . ' - . V. - J 'M.'`.''vWrTT'W.V^'TTW.^i*!iS"**""* "' "'?W/'Ejii*?'' in?i ** ; Cv E. HAMMON, safety director;'Gj|mbi^4a4lSctuthcmiiOhioElectric. . Eront .St., , . Aids), supervisor^ Wisconsin REA job training and "safety, 308,11 th St.,*Menomoniej.... W s. ; W. D. COLLINS, safety director, Rockland'Light Power Co., 89 Broad Sti,1;., .*,-J*^ Boston 10, Mass. ; JO H N B. SCH EERER , supervisor, safety inspection, Philadelphia v . , Electric Co,, 900 Sansorn St., Philadelphia 5, Pa. ; A. :B. LARSEN. (Vice-Chairman-- <<>i *'?\f Training Plans), supervisor, construction training, Commonwealth"Edison Co., 75f'W . Adams St., Chicago 90, 111. ; W. L. CLIFTON, technical assistant, accident prevention;' {.J division, The Hydro-Electric' Power Commission of Ontario,' 620 University Ave., rp.. Toronto 2, Canada; C H. GUM, safety supervisor, Department of Electric 8: W ater Utilities. City of Jacksonville, 34 S. Laura S t, Jacksonville 2, Fla.; H E R B E R T , HOLM ES, safety director, Michigan Wisconsin Pipe Line Co., 500 Griswold St., De tell 2tr6o0it M26a,dMisoinch.A; v'eC,ANReLwJ.YLoOrkHM16A, NN., sYaf.e;ty*EdireCctoMr. EGYeEneRra, l eTleecletrpihconsyestSeemrviscpeecCiaolrips.t,,-; ' .`fiff Employers Mutual Liability Insurance Co. of Wausau, \Vis.; R. N. P A P IC H , safety consultant, American Gas Association, 420 Lexington Ave., New York 17, N. Y. 0 -, Publicity Committee--PAUL W IN D SO R (Chairman), safety director. Bureau of S afety,. 20 N. Wacker Dr., Chicago 6, III.; H. W. M A STERS (Vice-Chairman--Public Re- iiS i(,( lations), safety director, Asplundh Tree Expert Co Utilities Line Constniction Co., Inci ' 1 '< \ 505 York Rd., Jenkintovm, P a.; A. Bi S H E H E E safety engineer, R .E A ,, Electric '1 Engineering Division, U. S. D e ^ rtm m t of'.Agriculture, Washington 25, D. C ; S A M - . ^ i ' ; UEL McKAY, JR. (Vice-Chairman--Newsletter), area safety supervisor, The Bell .' ' 1 Telepltone Co. of Pennsylvania, 1401 Arch S t, Philadelphia 2, P a.; FO R R EST D. i" >.< NORBERG, safety direaor, Utah Powr & Light Co., P. O. Box 899. Salt Lake City. ', , 10, Utah. - i;, . . , i ' ij ,i'iT,!-.'J Statistics and Contests Committee--M. M. M EH R IN G (Chairman), safety supervisor,, . , Consumers Public Power District, P. O. Box 477, Columbus, Nebr.; *R. V. H A V ER - , 'H FIE L D , safety direaor, Indiana ft Michigan Electric Co., 2101 Spy R un Ave-, Fort , jv Wayne, Ind.; D. E HUSK, safety direaor, New Jersey Power & Light Co^ 400 Main S t, Denville, N. J. ; *R. R. P H IL L I P P E safety engineer, Duquesne lig h t Co'.',"|J 435 Sixth Ave., Pittsburgh 19, Pa. ... . ' ,* / * * r ,5 Membership Committee--C. A, FISCH BA CK (Chairm an), safety supervisor, Safety a n d `>y* Job Instruction Division, Southern California ,Edison .Co., P. O. Box 351, Los .Angeles 53, Calif; J. W. GRONBECK, safety manager, New England Electric System,`441 Stuart St., Boston 16, Mass.; W. R. L aD U E -supt. & chief engineer. Bureau o f W ater <>:.. * ,1 Supply, City of Akron, Municipal Bldg., Akron, Ohio; J. G. LAM BERT, safety super visor, Northern Illinois Gas Co., I ll E. Front St., Wheaton, 111. ; N. W. T E M P L E plant safety* supervisor, , The Pacific Telephone & Telegraph Co.,' 1200 Third Ave., Seattle 1, Wash. Projects Committee--J. O. L E S L IE (Chairman), director of safety, Gilbert Associates, Inc., 525 Lancaster St.. Reading, Pa.; E S. H A N N A FO R D (Vice-Chairman), safety engineer, Long Lines Dept., American Telephone & Telegraph Co., 32 Avenue of the Americas, New York 13, N. Y. ; W. J. EASTON, director of accident prevention, The Cincinnati Gas & Electric Co., Cincinnati 1, Ohio; J. E HICKM A N, safety engineer, Departm ent'of Water & Power, The City of Los Angeles, P. O. Box 3669 Terminal Annex, Los Angeles 54. Calif.; L. CLANCY NANRY, director of safety, The Detroit Edison Co., 2000 Second Ave., Detroit 26, Midi. Special Representatives--R. J. FAUST, asst, cxeaitivc secretary, American W ater Works Association, 2 Park Ave-, New York, N. Y. ; M.' B. TR A V IS (C hairm an-A ccident . Prevention Comm.--A.G.A.), director of safety, Northern Natural Gas Co., 2223 Dodge, : Omaha 1, Nebr.; I. R. DOHR (Chairman--Accident Prevention Comm.--E E L ),'g e n - era! safety supervisor, Gmsumcrs Power Co., 212 Michigan Ave., W., Jackson, Mich. 'ifM ,4 i iH Sl -Indicates new members.